An electromagnetic valve

Abstract

This invention discloses an electromagnetic valve, characterized by comprising a housing, a solenoid mechanism, a valve mechanism, and a magnetic core mechanism. The valve mechanism includes a valve seat and a valve body. The valve seat has a valve cavity and a valve port communicating with the front end of the valve cavity. The valve body is used to open or close the valve port. The magnetic core mechanism includes a magnetic shielding sleeve, a magnetic core, a magnetic core pad, a magnetic core shaft, an armature component, and a return spring. The magnetic core is connected to the magnetic core shaft. The magnetic shielding sleeve is installed inside the solenoid mechanism and is a hollow structure with an open front end. The magnetic core pad is installed inside the magnetic shielding sleeve. The armature component is disposed between the magnetic core pad and the valve seat. The rear end of the magnetic core shaft is axially slidably connected to the magnetic core pad. The front end of the magnetic core shaft passes through the armature component and is connected to or in contact with the valve body. The magnetic core shaft is axially movable relative to the armature component. This invention extends the service life and improves the performance of the electromagnetic valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a solenoid valve, particularly to a solenoid valve for controlling the on / off flow of air, and especially to a multi-chamber spring-loaded solenoid valve for regulating air volume. Background Technology

[0002] A solenoid valve is a valve controlled by electricity; it opens / closes when energized and resets when de-energized, used to control the flow of fluids such as air, water, and oil. The stiffness valve is a type of solenoid valve. The stiffness valve (stiffness regulating valve) is the core solenoid valve of a car's multi-chamber air suspension. It changes the amount of gas in the chamber by switching the valve opening and closing, thereby adjusting the ride height and stiffness. It is specifically designed to switch the stiffness of the air springs in real time, allowing the vehicle to automatically balance comfort and handling.

[0003] In existing technologies, such as EP3312484B1, WO2024240371A1, CN222351274U, CN119532450A, CN119712766A, CN222772580U, and CN119333510A, most of them adopt ① magnetic core and valve body connection: interference fit with rear-mounted reset spring, or contact motion transmission with front-mounted spring; ② magnetic core motion guidance: axial motion guidance set on its own outer cylindrical surface; ③ coupling of spring force and magnetic core force; ④ coil frame and connector are designed on opposite sides and are not independently connected. However, the above structures mainly have the following shortcomings: 1. The fastening requires high assembly precision. The lack of pre-tightening and limiting at the contact transmission core end can cause impacts under extreme conditions, resulting in high noise and affecting service life. 2. Guiding the outer cylindrical surface of the magnetic core can easily lead to wear on the contact surface, increase the gap, reduce the electromagnetic force, or require additional parts such as PTFE film, which increases the manufacturing difficulty and also affects the service life. 3. The forces of the spring and the magnetic core are coupled, making it impossible to adjust the spring force and electromagnetic force separately to deal with special situations; 4. The coil frame and connectors are designed on opposite sides and are not independent, which increases the difficulty of CCD vision process monitoring of the connector connection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solenoid valve that extends the service life of the solenoid valve and reduces noise during operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a solenoid valve, comprising a housing, a solenoid mechanism, a valve mechanism, and a magnetic core mechanism installed within the housing; The valve mechanism includes a valve seat and a valve body. The valve seat has a valve cavity and a valve port communicating with the front end of the valve cavity. The valve body is disposed in the valve cavity and is used to open or close the valve port. The valve seat is disposed at the front end of the solenoid mechanism. The magnetic core mechanism includes a magnetic shielding sleeve, a magnetic core, a magnetic core pad, a magnetic core shaft, an armature component, and a return spring. The magnetic shielding sleeve is installed inside the solenoid mechanism and has a hollow structure with an open front end. The magnetic core pad is installed inside the magnetic shielding sleeve. The armature component is disposed between the magnetic core pad and the valve seat. The rear end of the magnetic core shaft is axially slidably connected to the magnetic core pad. The front end of the magnetic core shaft passes through the armature component and is connected to or in contact with the valve body. The magnetic core shaft can move axially relative to the armature component. The magnetic core is mounted on the outer surface of the magnetic core shaft between the magnetic core pad and the armature component, and there is a micro gap between the outer surface of the magnetic core and the inner surface of the magnetic shielding sleeve. The two ends of the return spring abut against the armature component and the magnetic core, respectively, and the return spring provides a thrust to the magnetic core and the magnetic core shaft to move backward.

[0006] In the above technical solution, when the solenoid mechanism is energized, the armature component applies a magnetic force to the magnetic core, causing the magnetic core to move towards the armature component. Simultaneously, the magnetic core drives the magnetic core shaft and valve body to move forward and approach the valve port, and the valve body can abut against the valve port to close the valve port. When the solenoid mechanism is de-energized, the return spring pushes the magnetic core towards the magnetic core pad, and simultaneously drives the magnetic core shaft and valve body to move backward, opening the valve port. The rear end of the magnetic core can abut against the front end surface of the magnetic core pad.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the magnetic core pad is provided with a first mounting hole communicating with the front end face of the magnetic core pad, the magnetic core shaft is coaxially arranged with the first mounting hole, and the rear end of the magnetic core shaft is slidably connected to the first mounting hole.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the magnetic core shaft is slidably connected to the magnetic core pad via a linear guide; And / or, the linear guide is a linear bearing.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the armature component includes an armature and a preload sleeve. The armature is a hollow structure that extends through both ends axially. The rear end of the armature is located inside the magnetic shielding sleeve. The preload sleeve is installed inside the armature and is fixedly connected to or press-fitted with the armature. The preload sleeve is located at the rear end of the valve body. The pre-tightening sleeve is provided with a second mounting hole coaxially arranged with the magnetic core shaft, and the middle part of the magnetic core shaft is slidably connected to the second mounting hole.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the reset spring is sleeved on the outside of the magnetic core shaft, the rear end face of the pre-tightening sleeve is provided with a front end groove, the front end face of the magnetic core is provided with a rear end groove, the front end of the reset spring abuts against the front end face of the front end groove, and the rear end of the reset spring abuts against the rear end face of the rear end groove.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the valve cavity is further provided with a base spring, which is disposed between the valve port and the valve body. One end of the base spring abuts against the valve seat at the outer edge of the valve port, and the other end of the base spring abuts against the front end face of the valve body. The base spring provides a thrust to the valve body to move backward. And / or, the base spring can push the rear end of the valve body against the armature component.

[0012] In the above technical solution, a sealing structure is also provided inside the valve cavity, the outer surface of the sealing structure abuts against the inner surface of the valve cavity, and the inner surface of the sealing structure abuts against the outer surface of the valve body.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the sealing structure includes a first sealing element and a second sealing element. The outer surface of the first sealing element abuts against the inner surface of the valve cavity. A first annular groove is provided in the middle of the inner surface of the first sealing element. The second sealing element is installed in the first annular groove, and the inner surface of the second sealing element abuts against the outer surface of the valve body. Sealing lips extending forward and backward are respectively provided at both ends of the first annular groove, and the inner surface of the sealing lip abuts against the outer surface of the valve body.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the front end of the armature component is inserted into the valve cavity, and the front end of the armature component and the valve cavity form an annular chamber. The outer end of the first sealing member is disposed in the annular chamber, the outer surface of the first sealing member abuts against the inner surface of the annular chamber, and the front end and rear end of the first sealing member abut against the front end face and rear end face of the annular chamber, respectively.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the solenoid mechanism includes a coil frame, a coil assembly, a rear yoke assembly, and a plug assembly. The coil assembly is installed outside the coil frame, the rear yoke assembly is installed outside the coil frame at the rear end of the coil assembly, and the plug assembly is located at the rear end of the coil frame and is electrically connected to the coil assembly.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the plug assembly includes a plug housing and multiple plug components disposed in the plug housing. The plug component includes a terminal insert and an axial pin. The coil frame is provided with multiple pins that are electrically connected to the coil assembly. Each axial pin is connected to a pin via a terminal insert. And / or, all of the terminal blocks are oriented on the same side.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the rear yoke assembly includes a rear yoke and multiple permanent magnets mounted on the rear yoke. The multiple permanent magnets are arranged at intervals on the inner surface of the rear yoke. The rear yoke is mounted on the coil frame. The inner end face of the permanent magnet is disposed close to the outer surface of the coil frame, or the inner end face of the permanent magnet abuts against the outer wall of the coil frame.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the reset spring is sleeved on the outside of the magnetic core shaft, the rear end of the armature component is provided with a front end groove, the front end face of the magnetic core is provided with a rear end groove, the front end of the reset spring abuts against the front end face of the front end groove, and the rear end of the reset spring abuts against the rear end face of the rear end groove.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the magnetic core pad is a soft magnetic core pad; And / or, a buffer column is installed at the rear end of the valve body.

[0020] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. In this invention, by setting a magnetic core pad, the magnetic core is mounted on the magnetic core shaft, and the magnetic core shaft is directly slidably connected to the magnetic core pad in the axial direction. By supporting the axial movement of the magnetic core shaft through the magnetic core pad, contact wear between the magnetic core and the magnetic isolation sleeve can be avoided, the service life of the magnetic core can be extended, and the reduction of electromagnetic force can also be prevented, thus ensuring the performance of the solenoid valve. 2. The present invention also includes a pre-tightening sleeve, with the middle part of the magnetic core shaft slidably connected to the pre-tightening sleeve. On the basis of the magnetic core pad supporting the rear end of the magnetic core shaft, the pre-tightening sleeve further supports the middle part of the magnetic core shaft, which can effectively limit the position of the magnetic core, prevent the magnetic core from contacting the magnetic isolation sleeve, thereby preventing the reduction of electromagnetic force, ensuring the performance of the solenoid valve, and extending its service life. 3. In this invention, the magnetic core pad, which is a soft magnetic core pad, can reduce the contact impact of the magnetic core under high acceleration, reduce the impact noise during the movement, and also prevent wear between the magnetic core and the magnetic shielding sleeve, thus extending the service life. 4. In this invention, due to the setting of the magnetic core and the magnetic core pad, the initial driving force of the solenoid valve under energized conditions can be dynamically adjusted through the tight fit of the pre-tightening sleeve and the pre-armature, and the initial state decoupling of the electromagnetic force and the return spring force can be achieved. 5. The present invention also includes a base spring, which can limit the elastic restoring force of the magnetic core pad during the soft contact between the magnetic core and the magnetic core pad, thereby ensuring that the valve body remains unchanged after power is cut off and ensuring the performance of the solenoid valve. 6. In this invention, a permanent magnet is also provided on the rear yoke plate, which can meet the requirements of a larger magnetic driving force and improve the performance of the solenoid valve; 7. In this invention, the terminal inserts are arranged on the same side, which facilitates automated equipment to automatically judge the soldering process quality during the manufacturing process, ensuring the pass rate and performance stability of the solenoid valve. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the valve mechanism and the magnetic core mechanism in the connected state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic core mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the valve mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (with an armature component connected). Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the solenoid mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the solenoid mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (with the insertion end housing disassembled). Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rear yoke assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Among them: 1. Outer shell; 11. Pole shoe distance; 12. Spring height; 2. Solenoid mechanism; 21. Coil frame; 22. Coil assembly; 23. Rear yoke assembly; 24. Plug assembly; 211. Plug pin; 231. Rear yoke; 232. Permanent magnet; 241. Plug housing; 242. Terminal insert; 243. Axial pin; 3. Valve mechanism; 31. Valve seat; 32. Valve body; 33. Base spring; 34. Sealing structure; 35. Annular chamber; 310. Valve cavity; 311. Valve port; 321. Buffer column; 341. First seal; 342. Second seal; 343. Third seal; 344. Sealing lip; 4. Magnetic core mechanism; 41. Magnetic shielding sleeve; 42. Magnetic core; 43. Magnetic core pad; 44. Magnetic core shaft; 45. Armature component; 46. Return spring; 421. Rear end groove; 431. First mounting hole; 432. Linear guide; 451. Armature; 452. Preload sleeve; 453. Second mounting hole; 4521. Front end groove; 5. Tail end ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1: See Figure 1-7 As shown, a solenoid valve includes a housing 1, a solenoid mechanism 2 installed in the housing 1, a valve mechanism 3, and a magnetic core mechanism 4; The valve mechanism 3 includes a valve seat 31 and a valve body 32. The valve seat 31 has a valve cavity 310 and a valve port 311 communicating with the front end of the valve cavity 310. The valve body 32 is axially movable within the valve cavity 310. The valve body 32 is used to open or close the valve port 311. The valve seat 31 is located at the front end of the solenoid mechanism 2. The magnetic core mechanism 4 includes a magnetic shielding sleeve 41, a magnetic core 42, a magnetic core pad 43, a magnetic core shaft 44, an armature component 45, and a return spring 46. The magnetic shielding sleeve 41 is installed inside the solenoid mechanism 2. The magnetic shielding sleeve 41 is a hollow structure with an open front end. The magnetic core pad 43 is installed inside the magnetic shielding sleeve 41. The armature component 45 is disposed between the magnetic core pad 43 and the valve seat 31. The rear end of the magnetic core shaft 44 is axially slidably connected to the magnetic core pad 43. The front end of the magnetic core shaft 44 passes through the armature component 45 and is connected to or in contact with the valve body 32. The magnetic core shaft 44 can move axially relative to the armature component 45 and push the valve body 32 forward. The magnetic core 42 is mounted on the outer surface of the magnetic core shaft 44 between the magnetic core pad 43 and the armature component 45, and there is a micro gap between the outer surface of the magnetic core 42 and the inner surface of the magnetic isolation sleeve 41. The two ends of the return spring 46 abut against the armature component 45 and the magnetic core 42 respectively, and the return spring 46 provides a thrust to the magnetic core 42 and the magnetic core shaft 44 to move backward.

[0024] In this embodiment, the side wall of the valve seat is provided with an air hole that communicates with the valve cavity. When the valve port is opened, the air hole can communicate with the valve port. When the valve port is closed, the valve port and the air hole are not connected. The stiffness of the car air spring can be adjusted by opening the valve port, the size of the opening, and closing the valve port.

[0025] The working principle of the stiffness valve is as follows: When the solenoid mechanism is energized (it contains a coil assembly), the solenoid mechanism generates a magnetic field, which exerts an attractive force on the magnetic core through the armature component. This attractive force is greater than the restoring force of the return spring, thus overcoming the thrust of the return spring and driving the magnetic core towards the armature component. The magnetic core synchronously drives the magnetic core shaft forward, and the magnetic core shaft pushes the valve body forward to approach the valve port, thereby adjusting the flow rate at the valve port. The valve body can also abut against the valve port and close the valve port (a sealing ring is provided at the outer edge of the front end of the valve body). (The solenoid mechanism is positioned at the outer edge of the valve port to close it.) When the solenoid mechanism is de-energized, the magnetic field is lost, and the armature component loses its attraction to the magnetic core. At this time, the reset force of the return spring will push the magnetic core toward the magnetic core pad, away from the armature. Since the valve body is connected to the magnetic core through the magnetic core shaft, it will simultaneously drive the magnetic core shaft and the valve body to move backward, away from the valve port, and open the valve port. Due to the thrust of the return spring, the magnetic core can move to the rear end, and the rear end of the magnetic core can abut against the front end surface of the magnetic core pad, which supports and limits the magnetic core.

[0026] More preferably, the magnetic core pad is a soft magnetic core pad. Even more preferably, the magnetic core pad may only be soft at its front end, with other parts made of non-deformable or non-deformable material. That is, only the contact area with the rear end of the magnetic core is made of flexible material. When the magnetic core moves backward and contacts the magnetic core pad, it acts as a flexible buffer, reducing the impact noise from the magnetic core contacting the magnetic core pad during movement, reducing the contact impact of the magnetic core under high acceleration, and also reducing wear on the magnetic core. Furthermore, preferably, the outer surface of the magnetic core pad is tightly fitted or fixed to the inner surface of the magnetic shielding sleeve, and the rear end face of the magnetic core pad abuts against the rear end face inside the magnetic shielding sleeve. This restricts the rearward movement of the magnetic core pad. When the magnetic core pad is subjected to a rearward impact force from the magnetic core, it will not move backward, but will only undergo partial elastic deformation for buffering, thus ensuring the accuracy of its axial position.

[0027] In this embodiment, the magnetic core and magnetic core shaft can be an integral structure or two components assembled together, meaning they move together. In conventional structures, the outer surface of the magnetic core directly or indirectly contacts the inner surface of the magnetic shielding sleeve. During operation, this causes wear on both the magnetic core and the magnetic shielding sleeve, or increases the gap between them, leading to a reduction in electromagnetic force and affecting the performance of the solenoid valve. In this application, the rear end of the magnetic core shaft slides axially within the magnetic core pad. The axial movement of the magnetic core is guided by the magnetic core shaft and magnetic core pad. This axial movement guides the initial adjustment of the gap between the magnetic core and the magnetic shielding sleeve, preventing direct contact and wear during movement. This effectively maintains the gap, prevents a reduction in electromagnetic force, ensures the performance and stability of the solenoid valve, and effectively extends the lifespan of the magnetic core. Preferably, the magnetic core, magnetic core shaft, magnetic core pad, armature, and valve body are coaxially arranged, which facilitates assembly and ensures electromagnetic performance.

[0028] See Figure 1-3 As shown, the magnetic core pad 43 has a first mounting hole 431 communicating with the front end face of the magnetic core pad 43. The magnetic core shaft 44 is coaxially arranged with the first mounting hole 431, and the rear end of the magnetic core shaft 44 is slidably connected to the first mounting hole 431. Preferably, the rear end of the first mounting hole communicates with the rear end face of the magnetic core pad, the first mounting hole is coaxially arranged with the magnetic core pad, the rear end of the magnetic core shaft is inserted into the first mounting hole, and is axially slidably connected to the magnetic core pad through the first mounting hole. The first mounting hole plays a sliding guiding role, thereby preventing radial displacement or shaking of the magnetic core that would cause friction and wear with the magnetic shielding sleeve.

[0029] Furthermore, the magnetic core shaft 44 is slidably connected to the magnetic core pad 43 via a linear guide 432. The linear guide is provided to ensure that the magnetic core shaft can slide smoothly relative to the magnetic core pad, reduce sliding resistance, and at the same time, prevent wear between the magnetic core shaft and the magnetic core pad from causing radial displacement of the magnetic core and friction or wear between the magnetic sleeve.

[0030] Preferably, the linear guide 432 is a bearing (e.g., a linear bearing). The linear guide is installed in the first mounting hole, and the magnetic core shaft is slidably connected to the linear guide. This ensures smooth axial movement of the magnetic core shaft relative to the magnetic core pad, as well as that it is not easily worn and has a long service life.

[0031] Furthermore, a recessed cavity is provided in the middle of the rear end face of the magnetic core. Preferably, the recessed cavity is coaxially arranged with the magnetic core. An annular groove is provided on the outer surface of the front end of the magnetic core pad. The magnetic core pad at the annular groove forms a protrusion. The protrusion can be inserted into the recessed cavity. In the de-energized state, the front end face of the protrusion abuts against the front end face of the recessed cavity, and the rear end face of the magnetic core abuts against the rear end face of the annular groove. The rear end of the magnetic core shaft is always in the recessed cavity. In this way, the rear end of the magnetic core shaft will not be exposed outside the rear end of the magnetic core shaft. This can reduce the axial space occupied, reduce the material used for the magnetic core, control costs, and also prevent the axial dimension of the entire solenoid valve from increasing.

[0032] See Figure 1-4 The armature component 45 includes an armature 451 and a preload sleeve 452. The armature 451 is a hollow structure that extends through both ends axially. The rear end of the armature 451 is disposed inside the magnetic shielding sleeve 41. The preload sleeve 452 is installed inside the armature 451 and is fixedly connected to or press-fitted with the armature 451. The preload sleeve 452 is disposed at the rear end of the valve body 32. The pre-tightening sleeve 452 is provided with a second mounting hole 453 coaxially arranged with the magnetic core shaft 44, and the middle part of the magnetic core shaft 44 is slidably connected to the second mounting hole 453.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rear end of the armature is inserted into the magnetic shielding sleeve, and the front half of the armature is outside the magnetic shielding sleeve. An annular protrusion is provided on the outer surface of the armature. The annular protrusion is located between the solenoid mechanism and the valve seat. The position of the armature is limited and fixed by the solenoid mechanism and the valve seat. The armature at the front end of the annular protrusion is inserted into the valve cavity of the valve seat. The armature between the annular protrusion and the magnetic shielding sleeve is located inside the solenoid mechanism, directly facing the coil assembly. When the coil assembly is energized, it generates an electromagnetic field, which causes the armature to generate an attractive force, thereby driving the magnetic core to move towards the armature.

[0034] See Figure 1-4 As shown, the reset spring 46 is sleeved on the outside of the magnetic core shaft 44. The rear end face of the pre-tightening sleeve 452 is provided with a front end groove 4521, and the front end face of the magnetic core 42 is provided with a rear end groove 421. The front end of the reset spring 46 abuts against the front end face of the front end groove 4521, and the rear end of the reset spring 46 abuts against the rear end face of the rear end groove 421.

[0035] In the solenoid valve, the key structural factors affecting the driving force, besides the number of coil turns in the coil assembly, are mainly reflected in the magnetic core mechanism. The pole shoe distance 11 (the distance between the armature and the magnetic core in the de-energized state) and the spring height 12 (the length of the spring in the de-energized state, i.e., the pre-compression and pre-tightening force of the return spring) basically determine the initial state value of the driving force. Since the installation position of the armature is fixed and cannot be adjusted, a magnetic core pad is used, allowing for the selection of a magnetic core pad with the appropriate height based on the required pole shoe distance. Regarding the spring height, based on the magnetic core pad, the armature component uses a combination of an armature and a pre-tightening sleeve. The front groove is set on the rear end face of the pre-tightening sleeve. Preferably, the pre-tightening sleeve and the armature are connected by an interference fit (at least part of the outer surface of the pre-tightening sleeve and at least part of the inner surface of the armature are interference-fitted). This allows adjustment of the relative axial distance between the pre-tightening sleeve and the armature, thereby adjusting the spring height and decoupling the initial state values ​​of the electromagnetic force and the spring force in the driving force. Compared to existing technologies that cannot adjust parameters during the manufacturing process to improve the consistency of the driving force (i.e., the superposition of electromagnetic force and spring force), this solution can control / adjust the effective driving force output during the manufacturing process. Specifically, it can appropriately adjust the spring preload based on the electromagnetic force detection value or the target initial driving force requirement, thereby outputting a predetermined target driving force and improving product consistency. Furthermore, the armature has a stepped chamber inside. The rear end face of the preload sleeve may or may not contact the end face of one of the stepped chambers inside the armature. This end face of the stepped chamber can be used to limit the maximum rearward movement distance of the preload sleeve relative to the armature.

[0036] Furthermore, since the magnetic core pad mainly guides the axial movement of the rear end of the magnetic core shaft, and based on the axial movement guidance of the rear end of the magnetic core shaft, the magnetic core shaft and the second mounting hole are slidably connected, which also guides the axial movement of the middle part of the magnetic core. This can effectively and stably guide the axial movement of the magnetic core, prevent the magnetic core shaft from deviating, and thus prevent the magnetic core from contacting and wearing with the magnetic isolation sleeve, prevent the reduction of electromagnetic force, ensure the performance of the solenoid valve, and extend the service life of the magnetic core and the solenoid valve.

[0037] See Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 4, the valve cavity 310 is also provided with a base spring 33. The base spring 33 is disposed between the valve port 311 and the valve body 32. One end of the base spring 33 abuts against the valve seat 31 at the outer edge of the valve port 311, and the other end of the base spring 33 abuts against the front end face of the valve body 32. The base spring 33 provides a thrust to the valve body 32 to move backward. The base spring 33 can push the rear end face of the valve body 32 against the front end face of the preload sleeve 452 of the armature component 45.

[0038] In this invention, the front end of the magnetic core shaft can be fixedly connected to the valve body, or it can be unfixed and simply rest against the valve body. If the magnetic core shaft only contacts the valve body (the front end face of the magnetic core shaft contacts the rear end face of the valve body), the valve body will not move backward when the magnetic core shaft moves backward. Therefore, a base spring is provided. As the magnetic core shaft moves backward, the elastic force of the base spring will push the valve body to move backward, and the preload sleeve can hold the valve body in place, limiting the backward movement of the valve body. If the magnetic core shaft is fixedly connected to the valve body, the backward movement of the magnetic core shaft will synchronously drive the valve body to move backward, and the base spring will also provide a backward thrust to the valve body. In this structure (where the magnetic core shaft is fixedly connected to the valve body), the base spring can be provided or not. If the base spring is not provided, the initial state return force of the return spring is the preload force; if the base spring is provided, the resultant return force of the base spring and the return spring is used as the preload force. For example, if the magnetic core shaft and valve body are not fixedly connected (the front end of the magnetic core shaft only contacts the rear end of the valve body), a base spring must be installed to push the valve body backward to reset. In this structure, the front end of the magnetic core shaft has a coaxially arranged protrusion, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the outer diameter of the magnetic core shaft. A hole is provided on the rear end face of the valve body, the diameter of which is smaller than the outer diameter of the magnetic core shaft but larger than the outer diameter of the protrusion. The protrusion is inserted into the hole (the protrusion can be axially slidably connected to the hole, axially slidably contacting the hole, or not contacting it). The front end face of the magnetic core shaft rests against the rear end face of the valve body. In this method, the hole and the protrusion... This also serves as an axial movement guide, ensuring that only the front end of the magnetic core shaft and the rear end face of the valve body are in axial contact during axial movement, thus pushing the valve body forward. During power-off, if the retraction speeds of the valve body and the magnetic core are inconsistent (e.g., the magnetic core retracts faster), the front end face of the magnetic core shaft will separate from the rear end face of the valve body. However, the protrusion will remain inserted in the hole until both the valve body and the magnetic core are fully reset. At this point, the front end face of the magnetic core shaft will contact the rear end face of the valve body. The contact between the front end face of the magnetic core shaft and the rear end face of the valve body is intermittent, not a fixed connection. Preferably, the outer surface of the protrusion does not contact the inner surface of the hole because the magnetic core shaft is limited by the pre-tightening sleeve and the magnetic core pad. By setting the inner diameter of the hole on the valve body slightly larger, inserting the protrusion into the hole, and ensuring that the protrusion does not contact the inner diameter of the hole, this method of leaving a small margin reduces the difficulty of aligning the valve body and the magnetic core shaft, thereby reducing the machining difficulty. Furthermore, a buffer column 321 can be installed at the rear end of the valve body. When the valve body moves backward, the buffer column contacts the pre-tightening sleeve for limiting the movement (i.e., in the power-off state, the rear end face of the valve body and the pre-tightening sleeve do not contact each other, while the rear end face of the buffer column contacts the front end face of the pre-tightening sleeve). The buffer column acts as a buffer for the backward movement of the valve body, reducing impact noise and impact force. The front end of the valve seat is a spring base, the valve port is set on the spring base, and the front end of the base spring rests against the spring base.Meanwhile, in order to accommodate the base spring, a recess is provided in the middle of the front end face of the valve body. This recess faces the valve port and is used to accommodate the base spring (the rear end of the base spring abuts against the rear end face of the recess). This does not increase the axial displacement stroke of the valve body, nor does it increase the length of the solenoid valve, thus shortening the length of the solenoid valve as much as possible.

[0039] The connectivity between the valve port and the vent after the valve is closed is a key indicator of the solenoid valve's performance; therefore, it is necessary to ensure the airtightness of the valve body during axial movement. (See also...) Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 4, a sealing structure 34 is also provided inside the valve cavity 310. The outer surface of the sealing structure 34 abuts against the inner surface of the valve cavity 310, and the inner surface of the sealing structure 34 abuts against the outer surface of the valve body 32. The sealing structure is used to ensure airtightness and guarantee the performance of the solenoid valve.

[0040] See Figure 4 As shown, the sealing structure 34 includes a first sealing element 341 and a second sealing element 342. The outer surface of the first sealing element 341 abuts against the inner surface of the valve cavity 310. A first annular groove is provided in the middle of the inner surface of the first sealing element 341. The second sealing element 342 is installed in the first annular groove, and the inner surface of the second sealing element 342 abuts against the outer surface of the valve body 32. Sealing lips 344 extending forward and backward are respectively provided or formed at both ends of the first annular groove, and the inner surface of the sealing lip 344 abuts against the outer surface of the valve body 32.

[0041] The front end of the armature component 45 is inserted into the valve cavity 310, and the front end of the armature component 45 and the valve cavity 310 form an annular chamber 35. The outer end of the first sealing member 341 is disposed in the annular chamber 35, and the outer surface of the first sealing member 341 abuts against the inner surface of the annular chamber 35. The front end and the rear end of the first sealing member 341 abut against the front end face and the rear end face of the annular chamber 35, respectively.

[0042] In this invention, theoretically only one sealing element could be used, with its outer and inner surfaces respectively abutting against the inner surface of the valve cavity and the outer surface of the valve body, and fitting tightly. However, to improve the sealing effect, the sealing structure employs a first sealing element and a second sealing element. A first annular groove is formed on the inner surface of the first sealing element, and the second sealing element is installed within the first annular groove. The second sealing element abuts against the outer surface of the valve body, while the outer surface of the first sealing element abuts against the inner surface of the valve cavity, achieving a side seal. Simultaneously, the annular chamber restricts the axial position of the sealing structure, ensuring that the sealing structure does not experience axial displacement during axial movement of the valve body. Since the valve body will move axially relative to the second sealing element, two sealing lips are also provided to enhance the side seal and improve airtightness. The valve seat and armature components abut against both ends of the sealing element, achieving end-face sealing, thereby ensuring both side and end-face airtightness, improving airtightness, and facilitating assembly.

[0043] Furthermore, a second annular groove can be provided inside the first sealing member 341. The second annular groove is located beside the first annular groove and is located near the inner surface of the valve cavity. Preferably, it is located inside the annular cavity. A third sealing member 343 is provided inside the second annular groove to open up the first sealing member, so that its outer surface tightly abuts against the inner surface of the valve cavity and its two ends tightly abut against the two sides of the annular cavity, thereby further enhancing the strength and sealing ability of the sealing structure.

[0044] Preferably, the second seal 342 and the third seal 343 are skeleton parts, and the first seal 341 and the sealing lip 344 are rubber vulcanized parts. The vulcanized parts are directly vulcanized and molded on the skeleton parts to form a side sealing assembly. The second seal 342 serves as an axial guide for the valve body 32, and the third seal 343 provides support for the axial seal. This solution uses a micro-gap installation. Through the above sealing solution, the overall sealing requirements can be met, while also reducing installation difficulty compared to the interference fit method in the prior art.

[0045] See Figure 1 , 5As shown in Figure 7, the solenoid mechanism 2 includes a coil frame 21, a coil assembly 22, a rear yoke assembly 23, and a plug assembly 24. The coil assembly 22 is mounted outside the coil frame 21, and the rear yoke assembly 23 is mounted outside the coil frame 21 at the rear end of the coil assembly 22. The plug assembly 24 is located at the rear end of the coil frame 21 and is electrically connected to the coil assembly 22. The plug assembly connects the power supply to the coil assembly, enabling power supply to the coil assembly. When the coil assembly is energized, a magnetic field is generated, causing the armature component to generate an attractive force that drives the axial movement of the magnetic core. The magnetic shielding sleeve is coaxially disposed inside the coil frame, and the rear end of the armature component is also located inside the coil frame. The annular protrusion of the armature is disposed between the coil frame and the valve seat, allowing for installation and positioning of the armature via the coil frame and valve seat, and facilitating the assembly of the solenoid valve.

[0046] At the same time, a tail ring 5 will be installed at the rear end of the outer shell 1 to limit the coil frame inside the outer shell (a sealing ring will also be set at the connection between the tail ring and the outer shell for sealing).

[0047] See Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the plug assembly 24 includes a plug housing 241 and multiple plug components disposed within the plug housing 241. Each plug component includes a terminal insert 242 and an axial pin 243. The coil frame 21 is provided with multiple pins 211 that are electrically connected to the coil assembly 22. Each axial pin 243 is connected to a pin 211 via a terminal insert 242. All of the terminal inserts 242 are oriented on the same side.

[0048] The front end of the plug housing is inserted into the outer casing and fixed to it by the tail end ring. The plug assembly is used to energize the coil assembly. The terminal prongs are oriented on the same side, allowing for monitoring via a CCD vision system during automated assembly to ensure soldering quality and thus guarantee the solenoid valve's pass rate, performance, and stability.

[0049] See Figure 5 , 7 As shown, the rear yoke assembly 23 includes a rear yoke 231 and multiple permanent magnets 232 mounted on the rear yoke 231. The multiple permanent magnets 232 are spaced apart on the inner surface of the rear yoke 231. The rear yoke 231 is mounted on the coil frame 21. The inner end face of the permanent magnet 232 is disposed close to the outer surface of the coil frame 21, or the inner end face of the permanent magnet 232 abuts against the outer wall of the coil frame 21.

[0050] In this embodiment, due to the large wall thickness and low magnetism of the magnetic shielding sleeve, multiple permanent magnets are installed on the rear yoke plate to improve the electromagnetic driving force of the solenoid valve, provided that a large electromagnetic driving force is required.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For instance, the two components can be mechanically connected by contact or abutting; they can also be directly hooked or connected by an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic valve characterized by comprising: It includes a housing (1), a solenoid mechanism (2) installed inside the housing (1), a valve mechanism (3) and a magnetic core mechanism (4); The valve mechanism (3) includes a valve seat (31) and a valve body (32). The valve seat (31) has a valve cavity (310) and a valve port (311) communicating with the front end of the valve cavity (310). The valve body (32) is disposed in the valve cavity (310) and is used to open or close the valve port (311). The valve seat (31) is disposed at the front end of the solenoid mechanism (2). The magnetic core mechanism (4) includes a magnetic shielding sleeve (41), a magnetic core (42), a magnetic core pad (43), a magnetic core shaft (44), an armature component (45), and a return spring (46). The magnetic shielding sleeve (41) is installed inside the solenoid mechanism (2). The magnetic shielding sleeve (41) is a hollow structure with an open front end. The magnetic core pad (43) is installed inside the magnetic shielding sleeve (41). The armature component (45) is disposed between the magnetic core pad (43) and the valve seat (31). The rear end of the magnetic core shaft (44) is axially slidably connected to the magnetic core pad (43). The front end of the magnetic core shaft (44) passes through the armature component (45) and is connected to or in contact with the valve body (32). The magnetic core shaft (44) can move axially relative to the armature component (45). The magnetic core (42) is mounted on the outer surface of the magnetic core shaft (44) between the magnetic core pad (43) and the armature component (45), and there is a small gap between the outer surface of the magnetic core (42) and the inner surface of the magnetic shielding sleeve (41). The two ends of the return spring (46) abut against the armature component (45) and the magnetic core (42) respectively, and the return spring (46) gives the magnetic core (42) and the magnetic core shaft (44) a thrust to move backward.

2. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, characterized by: When the solenoid mechanism (2) is energized, the armature component (45) applies a magnetic force to the magnetic core (42) and drives the magnetic core (42) to move toward the armature component (45). The magnetic core (42) simultaneously drives the magnetic core shaft (44) and valve body (32) to move forward and approach the valve port (311). The valve body (32) can abut against the valve port (311) to close the valve port (311). When the solenoid mechanism (2) is de-energized, the reset spring (46) pushes the magnetic core (42) to move toward the magnetic core pad (43) and simultaneously drives the magnetic core shaft (44) and valve body (32) to move backward, opening the valve port (311). The rear end of the magnetic core (42) can abut against the front end surface of the magnetic core pad (43).

3. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic core pad (43) is provided with a first mounting hole (431) that communicates with the front end face of the magnetic core pad (43). The magnetic core shaft (44) is coaxially arranged with the first mounting hole (431), and the rear end of the magnetic core shaft (44) is slidably connected to the first mounting hole (431).

4. The solenoid valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetic core shaft (44) is slidably connected to the magnetic core pad (43) via a linear guide (432); And / or, the linear guide (432) is a linear bearing.

5. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The armature component (45) includes an armature (451) and a preload sleeve (452). The armature (451) is a hollow structure that extends through both ends axially. The rear end of the armature (451) is located inside the magnetic shielding sleeve (41). The preload sleeve (452) is installed inside the armature (451) and is fixedly connected to or press-fitted with the armature (451). The preload sleeve (452) is located at the rear end of the valve body (32). The pre-tightening sleeve (452) is provided with a second mounting hole (453) coaxially arranged with the magnetic core shaft (44), and the middle part of the magnetic core shaft (44) is slidably connected to the second mounting hole (453).

6. The solenoid valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reset spring (46) is sleeved on the outside of the magnetic core shaft (44). The rear end face of the pre-tightening sleeve (452) is provided with a front end groove (4521), and the front end face of the magnetic core (42) is provided with a rear end groove (421). The front end of the reset spring (46) abuts against the front end face of the front end groove (4521), and the rear end of the reset spring (46) abuts against the rear end face of the rear end groove (421).

7. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve cavity (310) is also provided with a base spring (33), which is disposed between the valve port (311) and the valve body (32). One end of the base spring (33) abuts against the valve seat (31) at the outer edge of the valve port (311), and the other end of the base spring (33) abuts against the front end face of the valve body (32). The base spring (33) provides the valve body (32) with a thrust to move backward. And / or, the base spring (33) can push the rear end of the valve body (32) against the armature component (45).

8. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve cavity (310) is further provided with a sealing structure (34), the outer surface of the sealing structure (34) abuts against the inner surface of the valve cavity (310), and the inner surface of the sealing structure (34) abuts against the outer surface of the valve body (32).

9. The solenoid valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sealing structure (34) includes a first sealing element (341) and a second sealing element (342). The outer surface of the first sealing element (341) abuts against the inner surface of the valve cavity (310). A first annular groove is provided in the middle of the inner surface of the first sealing element (341). The second sealing element (342) is installed in the first annular groove, and the inner surface of the second sealing element (342) abuts against the outer surface of the valve body (32). Sealing lips (344) extending forward and backward are respectively provided at both ends of the first annular groove. The inner surface of the sealing lip (344) abuts against the outer surface of the valve body (32).

10. The solenoid valve according to claim 9, characterized in that: The front end of the armature component (45) is inserted into the valve cavity (310), and the front end of the armature component (45) and the valve cavity (310) form an annular cavity (35). The outer end of the first sealing member (341) is disposed in the annular cavity (35). The outer surface of the first sealing member (341) abuts against the inner surface of the annular cavity (35). The front end and the rear end of the first sealing member (341) abut against the front end face and the rear end face of the annular cavity (35), respectively.

11. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solenoid mechanism (2) includes a coil frame (21), a coil assembly (22), a rear yoke assembly (23), and a plug assembly (24). The coil assembly (22) is mounted on the outside of the coil frame (21), the rear yoke assembly (23) is mounted on the outside of the coil frame (21) at the rear end of the coil assembly (22), and the plug assembly (24) is located at the rear end of the coil frame (21) and is electrically connected to the coil assembly (22).

12. The solenoid valve according to claim 11, characterized in that: The plug assembly (24) includes a plug housing (241) and multiple plug components disposed within the plug housing (241). The plug components include terminal inserts (242) and axial pins (243). The coil frame (21) is provided with multiple pins (211) electrically connected to the coil assembly (22). Each axial pin (243) is connected to a pin (211) via a terminal insert (242). And / or, all of the terminal inserts (242) are oriented on the same side.

13. The solenoid valve according to claim 11, characterized in that: The rear yoke assembly (23) includes a rear yoke (231) and multiple permanent magnets (232) mounted on the rear yoke (231). The multiple permanent magnets (232) are spaced apart on the inner surface of the rear yoke (231). The rear yoke (231) is mounted on the coil frame (21). The inner end face of the permanent magnet (232) is close to the outer surface of the coil frame (21), or the inner end face of the permanent magnet (232) abuts against the outer wall of the coil frame (21).

14. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic core pad (43) is a soft magnetic core pad; And / or, a buffer column (321) is installed at the rear end of the valve body (32).

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