Safety device for preventing backfire of sludge feeding port and control method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a safety device and control method for preventing backfire at a sludge feeding port, comprising: a cooling conveying air duct connected to the conveying pipe at the sludge feeding port to reduce the temperature of the incoming air; an electrically adjustable damper located on the cooling conveying air duct to regulate the opening and closing of the cooling air within the duct; a condition sensing module for real-time monitoring of blockage and smoldering trends at the sludge feeding port; and an intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module that acquires the monitoring data from the condition sensing module and, in conjunction with preset program data alarms, determines the blockage and smoldering trends within the conveying pipe and interlocks to stop feeding. This invention addresses the backfire and blockage problems existing in existing sludge feeding ports by integrating a real-time condition sensing and intelligent adaptive adjustment module to achieve precise and safe adjustment of the airflow at the sludge feeding port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to sludge incineration treatment equipment technology, and more specifically, to a safety device and control method for preventing backfire at the sludge feeding port. Background Technology

[0002] In sludge incineration processes, the sludge feed inlet is a crucial link in transporting semi-dry sludge to the incinerator for incineration. Its operational stability directly affects the safe operation, processing efficiency, and service life of the incinerator. As an important component of the sludge incineration system, the sludge feed inlet needs to continuously supply sludge into the incinerator. Currently, the feed inlet is located approximately 20cm above the fluidized bed, and the inlet air is hot air that has passed through a primary air preheater. The angle of the inlet air only provides support for the sludge and is not interlocked with the sludge feed inlet, relying primarily on the existing conveying structure for sludge feeding.

[0003] During operation, backfire frequently occurs at the external semi-dry sludge feeding port of the incinerator, which seriously affects safe operation. After the external semi-dry sludge is added, the combustion temperature will locally exceed 450°C, causing blockage of the feeding port and local smoldering.

[0004] Therefore, the main shortcomings of the existing sludge feeding ports are:

[0005] (1) High risk of backfire: Abnormal bed height inside the incinerator leads to poor feeding at the feeding port, which is very easy to cause backfire, causing the feeding port to turn red. In severe cases, it may cause equipment damage, affect the safe operation of the incineration line, and even pose a fire hazard.

[0006] (2) Smoldering caused by blockage of sludge feeding port: If the feeding port is not smooth, the sludge is prone to blockage after being added, which will cause smoldering and increase the probability of equipment failure.

[0007] (3) Low conveying efficiency and significant safety hazards: The unreasonable design of the inlet air angle can only lift the sludge and cannot effectively convey it into the incinerator, resulting in a large accumulation and blockage of high-temperature sludge, which causes smoldering problems. At the same time, backfire will lead to frequent equipment maintenance, increasing the operational risks for maintenance personnel, and frequent shutdowns of the incineration line will cause production stagnation and significant economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a safety device and control method for preventing backfire at sludge feeding ports. Addressing issues such as backfire and blockage at existing sludge feeding ports, this invention integrates a real-time operating condition sensing and intelligent adaptive adjustment module to achieve precise and safe regulation of the airflow at the sludge feeding port.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] The first aspect of the present invention provides a safety device for preventing backfire at a sludge feed inlet, comprising:

[0011] Cooling conveying air duct is connected to the conveying pipe at the sludge feeding port to reduce the temperature of the air entering the furnace;

[0012] An electrically adjustable damper is installed on the cooling air delivery duct to regulate the opening and closing of the cooling air in the cooling air delivery duct.

[0013] The working condition sensing module is used to monitor the blockage and smoldering trend of the sludge feeding port in real time;

[0014] The intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module acquires the monitoring data from the working condition sensing module and combines it with preset program data alarms to determine the blockage and smoldering trend in the conveying pipeline, and interlocks to stop feeding.

[0015] Preferably, a filter screen is provided on the air inlet of the cooling air duct.

[0016] Preferably, the cooling air duct is further provided with a damper and a flame arrestor in sequence;

[0017] The damper baffle is located on the rear side of the electrically adjustable damper.

[0018] Preferably, the operating condition sensing module includes a carbon monoxide probe and a particulate matter probe located at the sludge feeding port and on the cooling conveying air duct.

[0019] Preferably, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module is a PCL controller.

[0020] The second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a safety device to prevent backfire at a sludge feed inlet, wherein the safety device for preventing backfire at a sludge feed inlet provided in the first aspect of the present invention is used to perform the following steps:

[0021] S1, the incinerator and the sludge feeding port are started and operated;

[0022] S2, the working condition sensing module starts real-time monitoring;

[0023] S3, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module acquires the monitoring data from the working condition sensing module;

[0024] S4, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module summarizes and analyzes the monitoring data;

[0025] S5, risk assessment is performed based on the preset threshold of the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module.

[0026] Preferably, in step S2, the operating condition sensing module monitors in real time the cooling air temperature / volume, carbon monoxide concentration, particulate matter concentration, feed port opening degree, and furnace pressure of the conveying pipeline.

[0027] Preferably, in step S5, the risk assessment specifically includes:

[0028] Branch 1: There is a risk of backfire, i.e., pressure fluctuations inside the furnace / excessive temperature of the conveying air;

[0029] Branch 2: There is a tendency for blockage and smoldering, i.e., carbon monoxide concentration exceeds the standard / particulate matter accumulates;

[0030] Branch 3: No risk, meaning all parameters are within the normal range;

[0031] Branch 4: One or more parameters continue to exceed the limit, meaning the risk has not been eliminated.

[0032] Preferably, the processing of branch 1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] S1, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module interlocks and controls the electric regulating damper;

[0034] S2, the electric regulating damper is activated to increase the supply of cooling air in the cooling conveying air duct;

[0035] S3, the temperature of the conveying air is reduced by the cooling air to suppress the backflow of high-temperature flue gas;

[0036] S4, the operating condition sensing module re-monitors the parameters, confirms that the risk of backfire has been eliminated, and continues to make risk judgments based on the preset threshold of the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module.

[0037] Preferably, the processing of branch 2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0038] S1, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module interlocks and stops the operation of the sludge feeding port;

[0039] S2, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module interlocks and starts the electric regulating damper to perform damper blowing mode;

[0040] S3, the operating condition sensing module re-monitors the parameters, confirms that the risks of blockage and smoldering have been eliminated, and continues to make risk judgments based on the preset thresholds of the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module.

[0041] Preferably, the processing of branch 3 specifically includes:

[0042] The sludge feeding port and the electric regulating damper continue to operate in their original states, and the operating condition sensing module continues to monitor in real time.

[0043] Preferably, the processing of branch 4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S1, triggering an audible and visual alarm, and simultaneously stopping the incinerator and the sludge feeding port;

[0045] S2, maintenance personnel inspect and troubleshoot the fault, then restart the system;

[0046] S3, the incinerator and the sludge feeding port are restarted.

[0047] The safety device and control method for preventing backfire at the sludge feeding port provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0048] (1) Eliminate safety hazards: thoroughly solve the backfire problem, monitor the blockage and smoldering phenomenon in real time, and effectively ensure the safe and continuous operation of the incineration line;

[0049] (2) Improve operational stability and efficiency: After the modification, the feeding port system operates stably, reducing equipment failures and maintenance frequency, lowering operation and maintenance costs, stabilizing incinerator operating parameters, shortening production downtime, and reducing economic losses for enterprises;

[0050] (3) Wide applicability: No need to modify the main structure of the incinerator, only the feeding port and related air supply system are optimized. It can be adapted to sludge incinerators of different processing scales and different models. This device can be used for both new incineration lines and upgrades of existing incineration lines, and its application value is high.

[0051] (4) Economic practicality: By using physical isolation and automatic control interlock protection, the problems of backfire and local smoldering caused by blockage of the sludge feeding port during operation can be solved. There is no need to carry out large-scale modification of the overall structure of the incinerator. The modification cost is low and the cycle is short, making it easy to promote and apply in existing incineration lines. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the safety device of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the safety device of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the control method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To better understand the above-mentioned technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0056] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet, comprising:

[0057] Cooling conveying air duct 1 is connected to conveying pipe 3 at sludge feeding port 2 to reduce the temperature of the incoming air and prevent high-temperature flue gas backflow, thus avoiding backfire at the source.

[0058] Cooling air duct 1 uses atmospheric air intake, with a temperature of approximately 30°C (room temperature).

[0059] The electric regulating damper 4 is installed on the cooling conveying air duct 1 to regulate the opening and closing of the cooling air in the cooling conveying air duct 1. When opened, it uses the negative pressure principle inside the incinerator to directionally convey the cooling air into the incinerator.

[0060] The operating condition sensing module is used to monitor the blockage and smoldering trend of sludge feed port 2 in real time.

[0061] The intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module uses a PCL controller to acquire monitoring data from the operating condition sensing module and combine it with preset program data alarms to determine the blockage and smoldering trend in the conveying pipeline, and interlock to stop the feeding of sludge inlet 2 to prevent the smoldering from worsening.

[0062] A filter screen 5 is installed on the air inlet of the cooling air duct 1, and is connected and fixed by bolting or welding. The mesh size of the filter screen 5 can be 2 mesh, mainly to prevent debris such as plastic paper from being sucked in.

[0063] The cooling air duct 1 is also equipped with a damper 6 and a flame arrestor 9 in sequence; the damper 6 is located behind the electrically adjustable damper 4. The electrically adjustable damper 4 is the switch for opening and closing the exhaust fan, and the damper 6 adjusts the airflow of the cooling air after the electrically adjustable damper 4 is activated. If the electrically adjustable damper 4 malfunctions and needs maintenance, the damper 6 can be manually closed before maintenance work is carried out, providing double protection.

[0064] The operating condition sensing module includes a carbon monoxide probe 7 and a particulate matter probe 8 located at the sludge feeding port and on the cooling conveying air duct 1.

[0065] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for a safety device to prevent backfire at the sludge feed inlet. The following steps are performed using the safety device to prevent backfire at the sludge feed inlet of the present invention:

[0066] S1, the incinerator and sludge feeding port are started and running;

[0067] S2, the working condition sensing module starts real-time monitoring;

[0068] S3, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module acquires monitoring data from the working condition sensing module;

[0069] S4, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module, summarizes and analyzes the monitoring data;

[0070] S5 assesses risk based on preset thresholds from the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module.

[0071] In step S2, the working condition sensing module monitors in real time the cooling air temperature / volume of the conveying pipeline, carbon monoxide concentration, particulate matter concentration, feed port opening degree, and furnace pressure.

[0072] In step S5, the risk assessment specifically includes:

[0073] Branch 1: There is a risk of backfire, i.e., pressure fluctuations inside the furnace / excessive temperature of the conveying air;

[0074] Branch 2: There is a tendency for blockage and smoldering, i.e., carbon monoxide concentration exceeds the standard / particulate matter accumulates;

[0075] Branch 3: No risk, meaning all parameters are within the normal range;

[0076] Branch 4: One or more parameters continue to exceed the limit, meaning the risk has not been eliminated.

[0077] The processing of branch 1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0078] S1, intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module interlocking control of electric regulating damper;

[0079] S2, the electric regulating damper is activated to increase the supply of cooling air in the cooling air delivery duct;

[0080] S3 reduces the temperature of the conveying air by cooling air and suppresses the backflow of high-temperature flue gas;

[0081] S4, the operating condition sensing module re-monitors the parameters, confirms that the risk of backfire has been eliminated, and continues to make risk judgments based on the preset thresholds of the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module.

[0082] The processing of branch 2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0083] S1, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module interlocks and stops the operation of the sludge feeding port;

[0084] S2, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module interlocks and starts the electric adjustment damper to enter the damper purging mode;

[0085] S3, the operating condition sensing module re-monitors the parameters, confirms that the risks of blockage and smoldering have been eliminated, and continues to make risk judgments based on the preset thresholds of the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module.

[0086] The processing of branch 3 specifically includes:

[0087] The sludge feeding port and the electric regulating damper continue to operate in their original state, and the operating condition sensing module continues to monitor in real time.

[0088] The processing of branch 4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0089] S1 triggers an audible and visual alarm, and simultaneously shuts down the incinerator and sludge feeding port;

[0090] S2, maintenance personnel inspect and troubleshoot the fault, then restart the system;

[0091] S3, the incinerator and sludge feeding port are restarted.

[0092] In summary, this invention is applicable to industrial settings such as wastewater treatment plants and garbage treatment plants equipped with sludge incinerators. By specifically modifying the conveying air at the sludge feeding port, reducing the conveying air temperature, adjusting the inlet angle to prevent backfire, and adding instruments to monitor carbon monoxide and particulate matter data in the sludge conveying pipeline to determine the blockage and smoldering situation in the pipeline, a safety device and control method for preventing backfire at the sludge feeding port are established.

[0093] This invention addresses the prominent problems of backfire and blockage at existing external semi-dry sludge feeding inlets due to insufficient air pressure, excessively high furnace air temperature, and improper angle. This solution resolves these issues through the following methods:

[0094] (1) Completely solve the problem of backfire: By adding new conveying air and optimizing the air distribution at the feeding port, the temperature of the conveying air is reduced, the backflow of high-temperature flue gas is reduced, the backfire phenomenon is suppressed, and the safe operation of the equipment is ensured.

[0095] (2) Accurate monitoring of smoldering: Add carbon monoxide and particulate matter probes to monitor smoldering phenomenon, and link with PLC automatic control to interlock and stop the feeding device.

[0096] (3) Significantly reduce blockage: The addition of a new cooling air supply mixes with the existing primary air, reducing blockage and smoldering at the sludge feeding port.

[0097] Those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any variations or modifications to the above embodiments that are within the spirit and essence of the present invention will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety device for preventing backfire at a sludge feed inlet, characterized in that, include: Cooling conveying air duct is connected to the conveying pipe at the sludge feeding port to reduce the temperature of the air entering the furnace; An electrically adjustable damper is installed on the cooling air delivery duct to regulate the opening and closing of the cooling air in the cooling air delivery duct. The working condition sensing module is used to monitor the blockage and smoldering trend of the sludge feeding port in real time; The intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module acquires the monitoring data from the working condition sensing module and combines it with preset program data alarms to determine the blockage and smoldering trend in the conveying pipeline, and interlocks to stop feeding.

2. The safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen is installed at the air inlet of the cooling air duct.

3. The safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling air duct is also equipped with dampers and flame arresters in sequence. The damper baffle is located on the rear side of the electrically adjustable damper.

4. The safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating condition sensing module includes a carbon monoxide probe and a particulate matter probe located at the sludge feeding port and on the cooling conveying air duct.

5. The safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module is a PCL controller.

6. A control method for a safety device to prevent backfire at a sludge feed inlet, characterized in that, The following steps are performed using the safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet as described in any one of claims 1-5: S1, the incinerator and the sludge feeding port are started and operated; S2, the working condition sensing module starts real-time monitoring; S3, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module acquires the monitoring data from the working condition sensing module; S4, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module summarizes and analyzes the monitoring data; S5, risk assessment is performed based on the preset threshold of the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module.

7. The control method for the safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the operating condition sensing module monitors in real time the cooling air temperature / volume, carbon monoxide concentration, particulate matter concentration, feed port opening degree, and furnace pressure of the conveying pipeline.

8. The control method for the safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, the risk assessment specifically includes: Branch 1: There is a risk of backfire, i.e., pressure fluctuations inside the furnace / excessive temperature of the conveying air; Branch 2: There is a tendency for blockage and smoldering, i.e., carbon monoxide concentration exceeds the standard / particulate matter accumulates; Branch 3: No risk, meaning all parameters are within the normal range; Branch 4: One or more parameters continue to exceed the limit, meaning the risk has not been eliminated.

9. The control method for the safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The processing of branch 1 specifically includes the following steps: S1, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module interlocks and controls the electric regulating damper; S2, the electric regulating damper is activated to increase the supply of cooling air in the cooling conveying air duct; S3, the temperature of the conveying air is reduced by the cooling air to suppress the backflow of high-temperature flue gas; S4, the operating condition sensing module re-monitors the parameters, confirms that the risk of backfire has been eliminated, and continues to make risk judgments based on the preset threshold of the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module.

10. The control method for the safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The processing of branch 2 specifically includes the following steps: S1, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module interlocks and stops the operation of the sludge feeding port; S2, the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module interlocks and starts the electric regulating damper to perform damper blowing mode; S3, the operating condition sensing module re-monitors the parameters, confirms that the risks of blockage and smoldering have been eliminated, and continues to make risk judgments based on the preset thresholds of the intelligent control and adaptive adjustment module.

11. The control method for the safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The processing of branch 3 specifically includes: The sludge feeding port and the electric regulating damper continue to operate in their original states, and the operating condition sensing module continues to monitor in real time.

12. The control method for the safety device for preventing backfire at the sludge feed inlet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The processing of branch 4 specifically includes the following steps: S1, triggering an audible and visual alarm, and simultaneously stopping the incinerator and the sludge feeding port; S2, maintenance personnel inspect and troubleshoot the fault, then restart the system; S3, the incinerator and the sludge feeding port are restarted.

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