A pellet orientation arrangement structure, arrangement mechanism and auxiliary material distribution device

Abstract

This invention discloses a pellet directional arrangement structure, arrangement mechanism, and auxiliary feeding device, belonging to the field of vertical shaft furnace feeding technology. It includes several parallel and inclined oscillating bars, with screening gaps formed between adjacent oscillating bars. Several guide plates are arranged along the extension direction within the screening gaps. The top surface of the guide plates that contacts the pellets is a concave arc surface, and the arc surfaces of all guide plates form an inclined arc-shaped guide groove. This invention, through two sets of symmetrical oscillating bars positioned below the end of the conveyor belt and multiple sets of guide plates, actively guides small pellets, preventing large pellets from engulfing small pellets into the large pellet feeding channel. This changes the arrangement of large and small pellets entering the feeding groove, ultimately forming a material flow arrangement of large pellets in the center and small pellets at the edges within the vertical shaft furnace, matching the inherent heat exchange environment inside the furnace and improving the roasting effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vertical shaft furnace material feeding technology, and in particular to a pellet directional feeding structure, feeding mechanism and auxiliary feeding device. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical shaft furnace is one of the core mainstream equipment for iron ore pellet oxidation roasting. It relies on the high-temperature flue gas ejected from the combustion chambers on both sides of the furnace body, combined with the heat exchange of the rising cooling air at the bottom. It has the characteristics of mature technology, low operating cost, and suitability for large-scale production, and is widely used in iron and steel metallurgical pellet production lines.

[0003] In conventional production conditions of vertical shaft furnaces, green pellets are continuously fed into the furnace via the upper feeding device. Continuous operation is achieved by relying on the uniform descent of the entire feed column. Existing traditional feeding modes mostly adopt conventional structures such as shuttle feeding and fixed chute feeding. The feeding devices used in existing sintering vertical shaft furnaces are all designed to eliminate particle size segregation and pursue uniform feeding, aiming to reduce the negative impact of particle size differences in the feed layer on calcination.

[0004] Due to the limitations of the rolling dynamic characteristics of the material, a grading phenomenon inevitably occurs during the material feeding process: small-diameter pellets have low inertia and accumulate in the central area of ​​the vertical shaft furnace; large-diameter pellets have high inertia and roll a long distance, eventually accumulating in the edge area of ​​the furnace. At the same time, the inherent heat exchange characteristics of the vertical shaft furnace are: the airflow velocity is slow and the temperature is high at the center of the furnace, which easily causes small pellets to be overburned, while the airflow velocity is fast and the temperature is low at the edge of the furnace, and the heat loss rate is fast, which easily causes large pellets to be underburned. The combination of these two factors directly affects the overall roasting uniformity of the pellets and the stability of the finished product quality. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange the large and small pellets in the feeding trough to adapt to the inherent heat exchange characteristics of the vertical shaft furnace. In addition, because large pellets can easily carry small pellets along with the large pellets during their movement, it will affect the directional arrangement effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the mismatch between the heat exchange characteristics of sintering vertical shaft furnace and the distribution of pellets of different sizes, and the problem of large pellets entangling small pellets during directional arrangement of large and small pellets, this invention provides a pellet directional arrangement structure, arrangement mechanism, and auxiliary material distribution device. This enables the formation of a material flow arrangement with large pellets in the center and small pellets at the edges within the vertical shaft furnace, thus matching the inherent heat exchange environment inside the furnace.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A pellet directional arrangement structure includes several parallel and inclined swing bars, with screening gaps formed between adjacent swing bars. Several guide plates are arranged along the extension direction within the screening gaps. The top surface of the guide plates that contacts the pellets is a concave arc surface, and the arc surfaces of all guide plates form an inclined arc-shaped guide groove. The two sides of the guide plates within the screening gaps respectively form a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface. The space between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface on two adjacent guide plates forms a trapezoidal gap that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom in the direction of pellet discharge. Through the synergistic effect of the trapezoidal gap and the screening gap, the screening of pellets of different sizes is achieved.

[0007] As another optimized solution for the above-mentioned ball-oriented arrangement structure, the top of the arc surface is located at the middle of the side of the swing bar.

[0008] A pellet orientation and arrangement mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged swing plates and a pellet arrangement structure of large and small balls arranged on opposite sides of the swing plates. The pellet arrangement structure of large and small balls is the aforementioned pellet arrangement structure of large and small balls. The free ends of the two sets of pellet arrangement structures of large and small balls are inclined downward toward the middle position of the cloth trough, and a large ball cloth channel is formed between the free ends of the arrangement structures above the center position of the cloth trough. The swing plate is rotatably connected to the opposite surfaces of two symmetrically arranged mounting shells via a drive assembly, and swings back and forth during the directional arrangement of pellets. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the large and small pellet arrangement structure, and the guide plate is located directly below the screening gap in the large and small pellet arrangement structure. A small pellet feeding channel is formed between the guide plate and the inner wall of the feeding trough.

[0009] As another optimization scheme for the above-mentioned ball directional arrangement mechanism, the guide plate is provided with guide grooves that gradually become less dense from the upper center position to the lower two sides.

[0010] As another optimized solution for the above-mentioned ball orientation arrangement mechanism, the swing plate swings at a frequency of 25-35 times per minute.

[0011] As another optimized solution for the above-mentioned ball orientation arrangement mechanism, the swing range of the swing bar relative to the horizontal plane is 6°-18°.

[0012] As another optimization scheme for the above-mentioned pellet orientation arrangement mechanism, the width of the screening gap in the pellet orientation arrangement structure is 50%-80% of the diameter of the large pellets.

[0013] As another optimized solution for the aforementioned ball-oriented arrangement mechanism, the surface of the oscillating plate is provided with textures extending along the rolling direction of the ball.

[0014] An auxiliary feeding device includes a connecting frame installed at the discharge end of a movable frame. Two mounting shells are fixedly connected to the end of the connecting frame away from the movable frame, which are located on both sides of the vertical furnace inlet. A pellet directional distribution mechanism is provided on the mounting shell. The pellet directional distribution mechanism is the pellet directional distribution mechanism described above. A distribution plate is provided between the movable frame and the pellet directional distribution structure to guide the pellets conveyed on the conveyor belt to both sides.

[0015] As another optimized solution for the above-mentioned auxiliary fabric distribution device, the cross-sectional shape of the distribution plate is U-shaped and symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides. The bottom ends of the distribution plate are provided with connecting rods that are fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) This invention uses two symmetrical swing bars positioned below the end of the conveyor belt to change the arrangement of large and small pellets entering the feeding trough. Under the guidance of the swing bars, the large pellets are forced into the middle of the hopper, while the small pellets fall directly from the gaps in the swing bars and enter the edge of the hopper under the action of the guide plate. This results in a material flow arrangement of large pellets in the middle and small pellets at the edge in the vertical furnace, which matches the inherent heat exchange environment inside the vertical furnace and improves the roasting effect. 2) By setting up a swing bar and a guide plate that can swing back and forth within a certain angle, when the large and small balls move on the swing bar, the large balls are guided into the large ball dropping channel by the arc surface on the guide plate. At the same time, the small balls are actively guided by the first inclined surface set on the guide plate, preventing the large balls from carrying the small balls into the large ball dropping channel, and further achieving the preset material distribution effect. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the invention located at the material feeding position of the vertical furnace; Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the upward angle of the swing bar; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing bar and guide plate; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the direction and perspective from which the large ball rolled down.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. Moving frame, 2. Conveyor belt, 3. Connecting frame, 4. Mounting shell, 5. Swing plate, 51. Connecting block, 52. Connecting shaft, 6. Swing bar, 7. Guide plate, 8. Screening gap, 9. Large pellet feeding channel, 10. Small pellet feeding channel, 11. Guide plate, 111. Arc surface, 112. First inclined surface, 113. Second inclined surface, 12. Drive assembly, 121. Electric push rod, 122. First connecting plate, 123. Second connecting plate, 124. First connecting seat, 125. Second connecting seat, 13. Connecting rod, 14. Material distribution plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Parts not explained in the following embodiments of the present invention, such as shuttle conveyors, drive components, controllers, etc. required for pellet conveying, are all considered to be prior art known or should be known by those skilled in the art.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figures 2-4 As shown, a pellet directional arrangement structure includes several parallel and inclined swing bars 6. A screening gap 8 is formed between adjacent swing bars 6. Several guide plates 11 are arranged in the screening gap 8 along its extension direction. The top surface of the guide plate 11 that contacts the pellet is set as a concave arc surface 111, and the arc surfaces 111 of all guide plates 11 form an inclined arc-shaped guide groove. The two sides of the guide plate 11 in the screening gap 8 respectively form a first inclined surface 112 and a second inclined surface 113. The space between the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 113 on two adjacent guide plates 11 forms a trapezoidal gap that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom in the direction of pellet falling. Through the synergistic effect of the screening gap 8 and the trapezoidal gap, the arrangement of large and small pellets is achieved, in which large pellets roll to the bottom position of the swing bar 6 and small pellets fall after passing through the screening gap 8 of the swing bar 6.

[0022] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the top of the arc surface 111 is located in the middle of the side of the swing bar 6. This arrangement is beneficial for the large ball to move along the inclined arc guide groove, and does not affect the small ball from entering the trapezoidal gap.

[0023] In this embodiment, the number of oscillating bars 6 is 6-8, and the width of the oscillating bars 6 is smaller than the width of the screening gap 8. Too many oscillating bars 6 will reduce the material supply at both ends of the feeding trough, affecting the uniformity of the material in the feeding trough. Too few oscillating bars 6 will cause the pellets to roll off the oscillating bars 6 at the edge, affecting the overall arrangement effect. If the width of a single oscillating bar 6 is too large, some small pellets will roll along the top of the oscillating bar 6 and have difficulty entering the screening gap 8. Therefore, the number and width of the oscillating bars 6 need to be controlled within a suitable range according to the actual feeding environment.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] A pellet orientation arrangement mechanism, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes two symmetrically arranged swing plates 5 and a ball directional arrangement structure arranged on the opposite side of the swing plates 5. The ball directional arrangement structure is the ball directional arrangement structure in Embodiment 1. The free ends of the two sets of large and small ball arrangement structures are inclined downward toward the middle position of the cloth groove, and a large ball cloth channel 9 is formed between the free ends of the arrangement structures above the center position of the cloth groove. The swing plate 5 is rotatably connected to the opposing surfaces of two symmetrically arranged mounting shells 4 via a drive assembly 12. It reciprocates during the directional arrangement of pellets. The drive assembly 12 can be a common engineering-grade drive structure such as an electric push rod mechanism, a gear and rack transmission mechanism, or a crank-slider mechanism, enabling the swing plate 5 to reciprocate within a certain angle. Here, we take an electric push rod mechanism as an example: Figure 5 As shown, a connecting block 51 is fixedly connected to the swing plate 5. The connecting block 51 is rotatably connected to the mounting shell 4 via a connecting shaft 52. The drive assembly 12 includes an electric push rod 121. The mounting end of the electric push rod 121 is hinged to a first connecting seat 124 fixedly connected to the mounting shell 4 via a first connecting plate 122. The output end of the electric push rod 121 is hinged to a second connecting seat 125 fixedly connected to the swing plate 5 via a second connecting plate 123. The output end of the electric push rod 121 reciprocates relative to its mounting end, causing the swing plate 5 to swing back and forth around the connecting shaft 52. The bottom of the pellet directional arrangement structure is fixedly connected to a guide plate 7, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the swing plate 5 and is located directly below the screening gap 8. A small pellet feeding channel 10 is formed between the guide plate 7 and the inner wall of the feeding trough. In this way, the small pellets fall onto the guide plate 7 through the trapezoidal gap and are arranged at the edge of the feeding trough, thus realizing the material flow configuration in the vertical furnace where large pellets are in the center and small pellets are at the edge.

[0026] In this embodiment, the guide plate 7 is provided with guide grooves that gradually become less dense from the center position at the top to the two sides at the bottom. The guide grooves that gradually become less dense are conducive to the uniform distribution of small pellets in the fabric trough, so that the pellet material in the fabric trough is in a flat fabric state as much as possible.

[0027] In this embodiment, the swing frequency of the swing plate 5 is 25-35 times per minute. Maintaining the swing plate 5 at a suitable swing frequency is beneficial for the ball to maintain stable movement on the swing plate 5 and the swing bar 6, without excessive bouncing, and also avoids the accumulation caused by excessively slow movement speed.

[0028] In this embodiment, the swing range of the swing bar 6 relative to the horizontal plane is 6°-18°. Stable small swing can control the speed of the ball movement. If the swing range of the swing bar 6 is too large, the small ball will follow the large ball directly into the middle position, while if the swing range is too small, the overall speed of the ball movement will be too slow, causing the expected directional arrangement process to fail.

[0029] In this embodiment, the width of the screening gap 8 in the pellet directional arrangement structure is 50%-80% of the diameter of the large pellets. This allows a suitable number of pellets to enter the large pellet feeding channel 9 and finally fall to the middle of the feeding trough. This helps to form a flat feeding state in the feeding trough and ensures that when the material flows into the vertical furnace, a suitable number of large pellets are located in the center of the vertical furnace, while the remaining small pellets are located at the edge of the vertical furnace. This material flow configuration further matches the heat exchange environment inside the vertical furnace.

[0030] In this embodiment, the surface of the swing plate 5 is provided with a texture extending along the rolling direction of the ball. The texture is configured to have several small protrusions along its length to prevent the ball being transported to the swing plate 5 from rebounding too far, causing the ball to deviate or bounce directly to the middle of the fabric trough.

[0031] Example 3

[0032] An auxiliary fabric device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a connecting frame 3 installed at the discharge end of the mobile frame 1. Two mounting shells 4 are fixedly connected to the end of the connecting frame 3 away from the mobile frame 1, which are located on both sides of the vertical furnace inlet. The mounting shells 4 are equipped with a pellet orientation and arrangement mechanism, which is the pellet orientation and arrangement mechanism in Embodiment 2. A distribution plate 14 is provided between the mobile frame 1 and the pellet orientation and arrangement mechanism to guide the pellets conveyed on the conveyor belt 2 to both sides.

[0033] In this embodiment, the material distribution plate 14 has a U-shaped cross-section and is arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The bottom ends of the material distribution plate 14 are provided with connecting rods 13 that are fixedly connected to the connecting frame 3. After the balls on the conveyor belt 2 fall onto the material distribution plate 14, they roll to both sides and fall onto the swing plate 5 through the area between the connecting rods 13, so as to carry out subsequent directional arrangement operations.

[0034] Working principle: Sintered pellets are continuously conveyed by conveyor belt 2 and fall onto the surface of distribution plate 14. Relying on the symmetrical slope structure of distribution plate 14, the material flow is automatically divided to both sides. Through the drop area between connecting rods 13, it is evenly conveyed to the surface of swing plates 5 on both sides to complete the material distribution pretreatment. The pellets move along the surface of swing plate 5 to the swing bar 6 area, where the directional arrangement operation begins. During this process, the pellets enter the grading area composed of swing bar 6 and guide plate 11, and automatic sorting is completed by relying on the difference in structural gaps and swing pushing. Large pellet movement path: Larger pellets cannot pass through the screening gap 8 and can only roll along the concave arc-shaped guide groove of the guide plate 11. Under the combined effect of the structural tilt angle and the reciprocating swing of the equipment, the large pellets continue to move towards the middle position of the bottom of the device along the arc-shaped guide groove, and finally converge to the central large pellet feeding channel 9 between the two sets of arrangement structures and fall into the middle position of the feeding trough.

[0035] The movement path of the small pellets: The smaller pellets are affected by gravity and oscillation disturbance and fall into the trapezoidal gap formed by the adjacent guide plates 11, which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. During this process, the small pellets are affected by the oscillating guide plates 11 and will be subjected to the force in the vertical direction of the first inclined surface 112 of the guide plate 11. They will actively move to the position of the second inclined surface 113 of the adjacent guide plate 11. Here, the small pellets will inevitably fall onto the guide plate 7 below. Thus, the small pellets are gradually guided to fall in the trapezoidal gap structure, which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and smoothly pass through the screening gap 8 between the oscillating bars 6 and fall onto the surface of the guide plate 7 directly below.

[0036] The equipment maintains a constant oscillation frequency and tilt angle, continuously circulating to form a distribution of large and small pellets in the feeding trough, with the large pellets in the center and the small pellets at the edges. Ultimately, this creates a regular layered material flow structure inside the vertical furnace, with large pellets in the center and small pellets at the edges, thus meeting the feeding process requirements for vertical furnace roasting.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A pellet orientation arrangement structure, comprising a plurality of parallel and inclined oscillating bars (6), wherein a screening gap (8) is formed between adjacent oscillating bars (6), characterized in that: Several guide plates (11) are arranged along the extension direction within the screening gap. The top surface of the guide plate (11) that contacts the pellet is set as a concave arc surface (111). The arc surfaces (111) of all the guide plates (11) form an inclined arc-shaped guide groove. The two sides of the guide plate (11) within the screening gap form a first inclined surface (112) and a second inclined surface (113), respectively. The space between the first inclined surface (112) and the second inclined surface (113) on two adjacent guide plates (11) forms a trapezoidal gap that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom in the direction of pellet discharge.

2. The pellet orientation arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the arc surface (111) is located at the middle of the side of the swing bar (6).

3. A pellet orientation arrangement mechanism, characterized in that: It includes two symmetrically arranged swing plates (5) and a pellet orientation arrangement structure arranged on the opposite side of the swing plates (5). The pellet orientation arrangement structure is the pellet orientation arrangement structure as described in claim 1. The free ends of the two sets of pellet orientation arrangement structures are inclined downward toward the middle position of the fabric trough, and a large pellet fabric channel (9) is formed between the free ends of the arrangement structure above the center position of the fabric trough. The swing plate (5) is rotatably connected to the opposite surfaces of two symmetrically arranged mounting shells (4) via a drive assembly (12), and swings back and forth when directionally arranging the pellets. The bottom of the pellet directional arrangement structure is fixedly connected to a guide plate (7), and the guide plate (7) is located directly below the screening gap in the pellet directional arrangement structure. A small pellet feeding channel (10) is formed between the guide plate (7) and the inner wall of the feeding trough.

4. The pellet orientation and arrangement mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide plate (7) is provided with guide grooves that gradually become less dense from the center position at the top to the two sides at the bottom.

5. The pellet orientation arrangement mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swing frequency of the swing plate (5) is 25-35 times per minute.

6. The pellet orientation arrangement mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swing range of the swing bar (6) relative to the horizontal plane is 6°-18°.

7. The pellet orientation arrangement mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the screening gap (8) in the oriented arrangement structure of the pellets is 50%-80% of the diameter of the large pellets.

8. The pellet orientation arrangement mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the swing plate (5) is provided with textures extending along the rolling direction of the pellet.

9. An auxiliary fabric feeding device, comprising a connecting frame (3) installed at the discharge end of a movable frame (1), characterized in that: The connecting frame (3) is fixedly connected to two mounting shells (4) located on both sides of the vertical furnace inlet at one end away from the moving frame (1). The mounting shell (4) is provided with a pellet orientation arrangement mechanism, which is the pellet orientation arrangement mechanism according to any one of claims 3-8. The moving frame (1) and the pellet orientation arrangement mechanism are provided with a distribution plate (14) on both sides that can guide the pellets conveyed on the conveyor belt (2) to the two sides.

10. An auxiliary fabric-making device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The material distribution plate (14) has a U-shaped cross-section and is arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The bottom ends of the material distribution plate (14) are provided with connecting rods (13) that are fixedly connected to the connecting frame (3).

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