A perimeter-based low-altitude defense method and related devices based on directional leaky cables

Abstract

This application relates to the fields of UAV defense technology and electromagnetic control technology, and particularly to a perimeter low-altitude defense method and related device based on directional leaky cables. The method includes: determining the protection area; determining the number of defense targets and their signal strength; for each defense target, determining its azimuth and distance trend, determining its approach speed based on the azimuth and distance trend, and determining the priority of the defense targets based on their signal strength, distance trend, approach speed, and threat level; and controlling each leaky cable to transmit target jamming signals to each defense target at each azimuth angle according to the priority of each defense target. This application can achieve multi-beam parallel or polling jamming of single or multiple targets. Through a distributed array structure and a directionally controllable enhancement mechanism, it improves the system's directional tracking capability and multi-target processing capability, and is suitable for applications such as perimeter low-altitude defense and UAV countermeasures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) defense technology, and in particular to a perimeter low-altitude defense method and related device based on directional leaky cable. Background Technology

[0002] Drone countermeasures technology is a core means of low-altitude defense. In large locations with extremely high security requirements, such as military bases, airports, nuclear power plants, and oil pipelines, fixed low-altitude protection networks are mostly used. Implementing layered defense with full-band coverage, especially at close range (within 1 km), often involves deploying high-precision laser strike equipment, which is prone to low-altitude near-wall blind spots and has high maintenance costs.

[0003] Current low-altitude defense systems primarily employ a combination of technologies, including radar detection, radio reconnaissance, and electromagnetic interference. Among these, electromagnetic interference systems are widely used at airports, important industrial parks, and military perimeters due to their relatively simple structure, fast response speed, and low cost. However, existing technologies still have several shortcomings in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the multi-target defense requirements in complex low-altitude environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a perimeter-based low-altitude defense method and related apparatus based on directional leaky cables, which can effectively interfere with defense targets within the protected area and provide effective defense for the protected area.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a perimeter-based low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables is proposed, applied to a low-altitude defense system. The low-altitude defense system includes a leaky cable array arranged side-by-side. The leaky cable array includes multiple leaky cable subsystems. Each leaky cable subsystem includes a leaky cable with a leak hole and a reflective arc plate, and a rotating bracket for clamping and rotating the leaky cable. The reflective arc plate expands the signal transmission range of the leaky cable. The method includes: The protection zone of the low-altitude defense system is determined based on the size parameters of the leaky cable array. If there are defensive targets within the protected area, determine the number of defensive targets and the target signal strength received by the leaky cable array for each defensive target; For each defense target, the azimuth angle and distance trend of the leaky cable array relative to the defense target are determined based on the target signal strength. The target approach speed of the defense target to the leaky cable array is determined based on the azimuth angle and the distance trend. The priority of the defense target is determined based on the target signal strength, the distance trend, the target approach speed, and the threat level of the defense target. The threat level is obtained through the operating parameters of the defense target and a predefined threat level classification table. Based on the priority of each of the defense targets, each of the leaky cables is controlled to transmit target jamming signals to each of the defense targets at the azimuth angle of each of the defense targets, so as to interfere with the signals of each of the defense targets and protect the defense area.

[0006] In the above scheme, determining the protection area of ​​the low-altitude defense system based on the size parameters of the leaky cable array includes: The number of leaky cables in the leaky cable array is determined based on the size parameters of the leaky cable array, as well as the volume and number of leaks in each leaky cable. For each of the aforementioned leaky cables, the protection sub-region of the leaky cable is determined based on the volume of the leaky cable and the number of leaks. The protection zone is determined based on the number of leaky cables and the protection sub-regions of each leaky cable.

[0007] In the above scheme, determining the azimuth angle and distance trend of the leaky cable array relative to the target based on the target signal strength against the target includes: Determine the target signal strength received by each of the leaky cables from the target being defended, and determine the azimuth and distance information of the leaky cable array relative to the target being defended based on the target signal strength received by each of the leaky cables from the target being defended; The distance trend is determined based on the azimuth of the leaky cable array relative to the defense target and the distance information.

[0008] In the above scheme, determining the priority of the defense target based on the target signal strength, the distance trend, the target approach speed, and the threat level of the defense target includes: The priority of the defense target is obtained by weighting the target signal strength, the distance trend, the target approach speed, and the threat level of the defense target.

[0009] In the above scheme, the threat level is obtained through the following steps: The flight control type, bandwidth, and signal strength variation information of the defense target are determined based on the operating parameters of the defense target. The threat level is determined based on the flight control type, the bandwidth, and the signal strength change information.

[0010] In the above scheme, the step of controlling each leaky cable to transmit target jamming signals to each of the defense targets at the azimuth angle of each defense target according to the priority of each defense target includes: If the number of leaky cables is greater than the number of defense targets, then the nearest single leaky cable is assigned to each defense target, and the remaining unassigned leaky cables are assigned to the defense targets in order of priority to obtain a first assignment result for each defense target. Then, the target jamming signal is transmitted to each defense target according to the first assignment result and the azimuth angle of each defense target. If the number of leaky cables is equal to the number of defense targets, then one leaky cable is allocated to each defense target to obtain a second allocation result for each defense target. Based on the second allocation result and the azimuth angle of each defense target, the target jamming signal is transmitted to each defense target. If the number of leaky cables is less than the number of defense targets, then each defense target is polled and allocated according to its priority to obtain a third allocation result for each defense target, and the target jamming signal is transmitted to each defense target according to the third allocation result and the azimuth angle of each defense target.

[0011] In the above scheme, the method further includes: If one or more of the defense targets leave the protection area, determine the remaining number of defense targets in the protection area, and transmit the target jamming signal to each remaining defense target in the protection area according to the priority and azimuth of the remaining number of defense targets.

[0012] In the above scheme, the step of transmitting a target jamming signal to a single defense target includes: Determine the azimuth, distance trend, and approach speed of the target being defended; The rotating bracket is controlled to rotate the main lobe of the leaky cable according to the azimuth angle of the target, the distance trend, and the target approach speed, so as to track the target. While controlling the rotating bracket to rotate the main signal lobe of the leaky cable, the target interference signal is continuously emitted.

[0013] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable as described above.

[0014] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product including a computer program that is read and executed by a processor of an electronic device, causing the electronic device to perform the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable as described above.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: First, by installing a rotatable reflective arc plate on the back side of the leaky cable, the original leaky signal is directionally enhanced in a specific direction, thereby expanding the effective radiation range of a single leaky cable and increasing the field strength in the target direction, thus improving the overall coverage capability of the protected area. Second, by deploying multiple leaky cables in parallel to form a distributed array structure, the system can independently schedule different spatial directions, significantly improving multi-directional coverage capability compared to traditional single-point interference methods. When a defensive target appears within the protected area, the system calculates the target's azimuth, distance trend, and approach speed by receiving the target signal strength, and determines the target priority based on the threat level, thereby differentiating the processing of multiple targets. Finally, this application achieves dynamic interference against multiple targets through priority scheduling and array unit control, effectively solving the problem of difficulty in simultaneously processing multiple targets in existing technologies, while improving electromagnetic energy utilization efficiency and system response speed. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 A system architecture diagram of the low-altitude defense system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the leaky cable array provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the leaky cable array provided in the embodiments of this application equipped with a rotating bracket; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the leaky cable provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the reflective arc sheet provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a server provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of this application, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] It should be noted that while some processes described in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings include multiple steps appearing in a specific order, it should be clearly understood that these steps may not be performed in the order they appear herein, or may be performed in parallel. The step numbers are merely used to distinguish different steps and do not themselves represent any execution order. Furthermore, descriptions such as "first," "second," or "objective" in this document are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. "Multiple" in this document refers to at least two.

[0019] It is worth noting that in the specific embodiments of this application, data such as signal strength, azimuth, and distance information are involved. When the above embodiments of this application are applied to specific products or technologies, permission or consent from the target object is required, and the collection, use, and processing of related data must comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards. For example, when an embodiment of this application needs to obtain data such as signal strength, azimuth, and distance information, separate permission or consent from the target object can be obtained through pop-up windows or redirection to a confirmation page. After obtaining the separate permission or consent from the target object, the relevant data such as signal strength, azimuth, and distance information used to enable the embodiment of this application to operate normally can then be obtained.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables provided in this application embodiment. It includes a terminal 140, an Internet connection 130, a gateway 120, a server 110, etc.

[0021] Terminal 140 can take various forms, including desktop computers, laptops, PDAs (personal digital assistants), mobile phones, vehicle terminals, and dedicated terminals. Furthermore, it can be a single device or a collection of multiple devices. For example, multiple desktop computers can be interconnected via a local area network, sharing a single monitor to work collaboratively, forming a single terminal 140. Terminal 140 can communicate with the Internet 130 via wired or wireless means to exchange data.

[0022] Server 110 refers to a computer system capable of providing certain services to terminal 140. Compared to ordinary terminal 140, server 110 has higher requirements in terms of stability, security, and performance. Server 110 can be a single high-performance computer in a network platform, a cluster of multiple high-performance computers, a portion of a single high-performance computer (e.g., a virtual machine), or a combination of portions of multiple high-performance computers (e.g., virtual machines). Server 110 can also communicate with the Internet 130 via wired or wireless means to exchange data.

[0023] Gateway 120, also known as an internetwork connector or protocol converter, is a computer system or device that acts as a translator, enabling network interconnection at the transport layer. It bridges the gap between two systems using different communication protocols, data formats, languages, or even completely different architectures. Gateways can also provide filtering and security functions. Messages sent from terminal 140 to server 110 are forwarded to the corresponding server 110 via gateway 120. Messages sent from server 110 to terminal 140 are also forwarded to the corresponding terminal 140 via gateway 120.

[0024] Most existing electromagnetic interference (EMI) systems employ a fixed jamming base station structure, which involves deploying several high-power jamming devices within or at the edge of the protected area, radiating EMI signals outwards through directional or omnidirectional antennas. These systems typically rely on a small number of high-power antennas to form one or two main jamming directions. When a target UAV enters this direction, it can suppress its communication links or navigation signals to a certain extent. However, this structure has significant limitations in terms of spatial coverage. Due to the fixed or limited adjustment capabilities of the antenna radiation direction, the system often only effectively covers the airspace in a specific direction. For protected areas with large perimeters, multiple independent jamming stations are often required to achieve complete coverage. This not only increases system construction costs but also makes equipment deployment and maintenance more complex. Furthermore, while omnidirectional radiation can expand the coverage area, a large amount of electromagnetic energy is ineffectively radiated to areas without targets, resulting in low system energy utilization efficiency.

[0025] Therefore, to address the problems of insufficient spatial coverage, limited multi-target processing capability, low energy utilization efficiency, and insufficient accuracy in azimuth determination in existing technologies, it is necessary to propose a new perimeter-based low-altitude defense technology. This application employs a distributed electromagnetic array formed by parallel deployment of multiple leaky cables, combined with a rotatable reflective enhancement structure and a multi-target scheduling algorithm. This enables the system to form a continuous electromagnetic coverage band in the perimeter area and dynamically adjust the enhancement direction according to the target's azimuth, thereby significantly improving the system's response capability and electromagnetic energy utilization efficiency in multi-target environments.

[0026] The following provides a detailed description of the specific implementation methods of the embodiments of this application: Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable provided in this application embodiment. The perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable can be implemented by server 110 and / or terminal 140. Figure 2 The perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables shown includes: Step 210: Determine the protection area of ​​the low-altitude defense system based on the size parameters of the leaky cable array; Step 220 If there are defensive targets within the protected area, determine the number of defensive targets and the target signal strength received by the leaky cable array for each defensive target; Step 230: For each defense target, determine the azimuth angle and distance trend of the leaky cable array relative to the defense target based on the target signal strength of the defense target, determine the target approach speed of the defense target to the leaky cable array based on the azimuth angle and the distance trend, and determine the priority of the defense target based on the target signal strength, the distance trend, the target approach speed and the threat level of the defense target. The threat level is obtained through the operating parameters of the defense target and a predefined threat level classification table. Step 240: Based on the priority of each of the defense targets, control each of the leaky cables to transmit target jamming signals to each of the defense targets at the azimuth angle of each of the defense targets, so as to interfere with the signals of each of the defense targets and protect the defense area.

[0027] The complete embodiments of this application are explained in detail below: First, such as Figure 3 As shown, the entire low-altitude defense system consists of two subsystems: a radio frequency transmission subsystem (leakage cable array transmits signals) and a reception and direction finding subsystem (leakage cable array receives signals), as well as an actuator control system (rotating support). The entire system forms a closed-loop control link through the leaky cable array system and the signal processing and calculation unit.

[0028] The radio frequency (RF) transmitting subsystem generates adjustable-power RF signals (target interference signals) and dynamically allocates power and switches frequency bands according to scheduling instructions (i.e., scheduling leaky cables based on priority). Its output is fed into multiple leaky cables via a power distribution network. The leaky cable array system is arranged in a three-by-three configuration along the perimeter. Each cable has a periodic slot on its outer conductor, all facing upwards, thus forming basic vertical radiation coverage. An open-type cylindrical curved reflective copper plate (reflective arc plate) is installed at the rear of each leaky cable, with its opening facing the slot. This reflective arc plate is connected to a servo drive mechanism via a central rotating shaft, allowing for angle adjustment around the cable axis. Figure 4 The initial reinforcement directions of the three leaky cables shown are set to 45° to the left, vertically upward, and 45° to the right, respectively, forming a coverage sector with a certain angle difference in a static state.

[0029] When a drone (the target) enters the protected area, its remote control or data transmission signals (target signal strength) are first received by the leaky cable array. Because the three cables have different enhancement directions in spatial orientation (distance information, azimuth angle, and target distance trend), the power amplitude and phase characteristics of the received signals will differ. The receiving and direction-finding subsystem sends the radio frequency signals (target signal strength) coupled from each leaky cable to a low-noise amplifier and filtering unit. After primary signal shaping, the signals enter the analog-to-digital conversion module. The signal processing and calculation unit, based on the power ratio direction-finding principle or the phase difference direction-finding principle, performs fusion calculations on the three-channel data (the target signal strengths received from the three leaky cables) to estimate the drone's azimuth angle information relative to the leaky cable array in real time. If the system detects multiple signal sources, it distinguishes different targets through spectrum separation and time-domain feature extraction techniques, and establishes an independent azimuth estimate and priority for each target.

[0030] After obtaining the UAV's location information, the signal processing and calculation unit sends the rotation angle command to the actuator control system (rotating support). For example... Figure 5 As shown, the actuator control system includes a servo motor drive module ( Figure 5 The system comprises a rotary motor gripper, an angle encoder, and a rotating support. The control system calculates the optimal pointing angle of the target reflector based on the azimuth angle output by the calculation unit. An algorithm drives the servo motor to rotate, aligning the curved surface of the leaky cable's reflector plate with the direction of the UAV. As the reflector plate and leaky cable rotate as a unit, the electromagnetic energy that originally leaked in various directions is redirected and superimposed under the influence of the reflective surface, forming an enhanced main lobe in the target direction. This increases the field strength in the target direction without increasing the overall transmission power, achieving efficient electromagnetic suppression.

[0031] After obtaining the drone signal strength, the azimuth angle is calculated as follows: by Figure 4 Taking the three-channel leaky cable array shown as an example, the receiving power of the three leaky cables for the same defense target is set as follows: , , The azimuth angle is calculated by using the difference normalization method. ,in This is the empirical value of the direction finding factor.

[0032] Through continuous angle measurement and By measuring the angular change of the defensive target relative to the array, the target's approach speed can be obtained by inferring the distance trend. To improve estimation accuracy, filtering was introduced to jointly predict the azimuth angle and velocity, thereby achieving stable tracking of the target's motion state.

[0033] Using an angle sensor, the feedback servo motor rotates until the normal direction of the reflector (i.e., the direction the reflector opening faces) is aligned with the azimuth of the target. The optimal pointing angle needs to be within the azimuth range. Fine adjustments are made to compensate for the installation angle of the reflective arc plate.

[0034] The radio frequency transmission subsystem simultaneously performs dynamic power scheduling based on the number and spatial distribution of targets to be defended (determined through distance information and target approach speed). When a single target is present, power can be concentrated on the corresponding leaky cable to achieve maximum enhancement. (Multi-target electromagnetic scheduling) When multiple targets exist simultaneously, the system can use priority time-division scheduling to direct the directions of different leaky cables towards different targets, thereby achieving multi-beam distributed jamming. Compared with traditional single-point base stations, this distributed structure features high spatial redundancy, flexible directional scheduling, and good coverage continuity, enabling the formation of a stable electromagnetic protection zone over long perimeter areas.

[0035] A priority scheduling algorithm based on multi-factor weighting is adopted. First, the signal strength, approach speed, spatial location, and threat level of each target are normalized, and then a comprehensive priority is calculated using a weighted model. ; The priority of a specific drone defense target can be defined using the above formula, where, The strength of the target signal received by the leaky cable. The target approach velocity is measured by the change in the relative distance between the target and the leaky cable array. The approach trend of the target is measured by the power of the signal transmitted by the target. This represents the target threat level assessed by the system rules. It is tailored to different engineering applications. Assign appropriate weights.

[0036] In some embodiments, the threat level is obtained through the following steps: The flight control type, bandwidth, and signal strength variation information of the defense target are determined based on the operating parameters of the defense target. The threat level is determined based on the flight control type, the bandwidth, and the signal strength change information. Specifically, threat level It can be rule-based, and the core dimensions are defined as follows: ; In some embodiments, controlling each leaky cable to transmit target jamming signals to each of the defense targets at the azimuth angle of each defense target according to the priority of each defense target includes: If the number of leaky cables is greater than the number of defense targets, then the nearest single leaky cable is assigned to each defense target, and the remaining unassigned leaky cables are assigned to the defense targets in order of priority to obtain a first assignment result for each defense target. Then, the target jamming signal is transmitted to each defense target according to the first assignment result and the azimuth angle of each defense target. If the number of leaky cables is equal to the number of defense targets, then one leaky cable is allocated to each defense target to obtain a second allocation result for each defense target. Based on the second allocation result and the azimuth angle of each defense target, the target jamming signal is transmitted to each defense target. If the number of leaky cables is less than the number of defense targets, then each defense target is polled and allocated according to its priority to obtain a third allocation result for each defense target. Based on the third allocation result and the azimuth angle of each defense target, the target jamming signal is transmitted to each defense target. Specifically, high-priority targets are continuously tracked using leaky cable array elements, while low-priority targets are polled and pointed at alternately, meaning the reflector direction is adjusted in turn during different time slots. This allows the system to maintain effective coverage of multiple targets with limited array resources. Two targets with angles close to ≤5° can share a single beam. The first allocation result characterizes the leaky cable allocation when the number of leaky cables is greater than the number of targets; the second allocation result characterizes the allocation when the number of leaky cables is equal to the number of targets; and the third allocation result characterizes the allocation when the number of leaky cables is less than the number of targets.

[0037] To ensure system stability, the leaky cable array system also incorporates line compensation units (such as power amplifiers) to compensate for signal attenuation caused by long-distance laying. The power amplifier modules are arranged in segments at preset intervals to maintain a uniform distribution of the radiated field strength along the cable. The actuator section features a waterproof and dustproof design, and a preset distance is maintained between the reflector and the cable to ensure reflection efficiency and electrical safety.

[0038] Furthermore, the structure of a leaky cable (leaky cable) is as follows: Figure 6As shown, the 50-32 / 50-42 leaky cable consists of a copper inner conductor, a physically foamed polyethylene insulation layer, a copper outer conductor with figure-eight slots, and a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin sheath. The slots utilize an array of unequal-spaced figure-eight slots, reducing cable system losses while eliminating high-order spatial harmonic frequencies, effectively lowering the standing wave ratio (VSWR) and enhancing engineering practicality. When radio frequency interference signals (covering the 2.4GHz / 5.8GHz remote control image transmission band for drones and the 1.5GHz satellite navigation band) leak from the leaky cable's holes, the signals disperse in all directions. A portion of the signal facing the reflective copper plate is reflected by the arc-shaped inner wall of the reflective copper plate. Due to the focusing effect of the open cylindrical structure, the reflected signal converges in the airspace directly in front of the leaky hole, forming a highly directional, high-power-density interference signal, thus achieving signal gain (the gain factor can be adjusted by the size, opening size, and curvature of the open cylinder).

[0039] Enhanced reflective copper sheet array (leakage cable with added reflective arc plates): This is a leakage cable array with added open-surface curved reflective copper sheets. The model of a single reflective copper sheet is as follows: Figure 7 As shown. The reflective copper sheet is 0.5-1mm thick, made of oxygen-free copper, with a smooth inner wall and tin-plated for corrosion protection. Its axis is parallel to the axis of the leaky cable. Uniform circular holes are opened on the back of the opening to prevent rainwater accumulation and provide wind resistance. A gap of 10-20mm is left between the reflective copper sheet and the leaky cable. The length of the reflective copper sheet must match the distribution of the leaky holes in the leaky cable. Each section of the reflective copper sheet corresponds to 40-60 leaky hole cycles to ensure that the signal from each leaky hole can be effectively reflected and converged.

[0040] The drive motor shaft structure includes a stepper motor, a rotating bracket (holding the reflective copper sheet), an angle sensor, and a bearing. The stepper motor is waterproof, and the rotating bracket is an arc-shaped bracket fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reflective copper sheet. The bearing is fitted onto the sheath of the leaking cable, and the rotating bracket is connected to the bearing to ensure the reflective copper sheet can rotate flexibly around the cable axis. The angle sensor is mounted on the rotating bracket to collect the rotation angle of the reflective copper sheet in real time and feed it back to the control module. The rotation range is 0-180°, covering ±90° of the airspace directly in front of the leak, meeting the tracking requirements of the UAV moving from one side of the cable to the other. The rotation speed is 0.5-2° / ms, which can be adaptively adjusted according to the UAV's movement speed to ensure real-time tracking.

[0041] Multiple leaky cables can be deployed in parallel: In addition to the three-panel leaky cable configuration of this system, multiple leaky cables can be deployed in parallel, provided that the base station power and system construction cost allow, which can enhance the spatial scheduling freedom and the directional coverage density of the system. To achieve initial coverage of the perimeter airspace, the initial angles of the reflectors of all cables are evenly distributed at certain angular intervals. For example, the initial enhancement directions of the three-panel configuration of this system are set to 45° to the left, vertically upward, and 45° to the right, forming coverage sectors with a certain angular difference in a static state. When the system detects multiple UAV targets simultaneously, the advantages of the array structure become more obvious. When the number of targets is less than or equal to the number of array units, a spatial allocation strategy can be adopted, that is, allocating the closest independent array unit to each target, so that its reflector copper sheet points directly in the direction of the target, thereby forming multiple simultaneously existing enhancement main lobes. When the number of targets exceeds the number of array units, a priority scheduling algorithm needs to be introduced. By comprehensively evaluating factors such as target signal strength, approach speed, flight direction, and potential threat level, the priority weight of each target is calculated. The system assigns high-priority targets to fixed array cells for continuous enhancement, while low-priority targets are polled and pointed to in turn through time multiplexing, that is, the reflector direction is adjusted in turn in different time slices, so that the system can maintain effective coverage of multiple targets with limited array resources.

[0042] System Assembly Instructions: The main body of the leaky cable is laid along the perimeter (wall, pipeline), and can be buried in the wall, attached to the wall, or fixed to the guardrail. Each section of reflective copper sheet corresponds to a set of rotating components and detection modules. Multiple cable sections are connected by connectors. The power amplifier module (placed at the end of the leaky cable) is arranged in sections at intervals of 10-50m. The control modules coordinate with each other through a bus to achieve full-area tracking and interference.

[0043] Therefore, this application uses leaky coaxial cables to form a continuous electromagnetic coverage zone in the perimeter area to meet the multi-target defense requirements in complex low-altitude environments.

[0044] The design of the enhanced reflective copper sheet array achieves directional enhancement of the leaky cable signal gain, improves the utilization efficiency of radiated energy, and can effectively reduce system power consumption. However, it is necessary to protect the structural parameters of the reflective copper sheet.

[0045] This application provides a collaborative design of a rotatable reflective arc plate and a control module for a leaky cable, which is a solution for dealing with multi-target detection and interference. The azimuth angle of the target is calculated by using the phase difference received by the leaky cable, and a priority model is used for multi-directional electromagnetic scheduling. This can maintain continuous suppression of the target while performing multi-target polling interference.

[0046] In summary, this application significantly improves the spatial coverage capability of low-altitude perimeter areas. The leaky cable array structure forms distributed radiation units through multiple parallel deployments, enabling the system to create multiple controllable directional enhancement areas in space. When the system uses three leaky cables, its initial sector coverage angle can typically reach approximately 120°; increasing the number of parallel leaky cables in the array can appropriately expand the initial coverage angle and increase the sensitivity for target detection. Therefore, this system can form a continuous electromagnetic protection zone over a large area of ​​low-altitude regions, significantly reducing the coverage blind spots present in traditional single-base station systems.

[0047] This improves the detection and response speed against low-altitude UAV targets. Since each leaky cable can simultaneously receive and radiate signals, when a UAV enters the protected area from a certain direction, the cable closest to that direction will receive the signal first, enabling rapid azimuth determination. By comparing signal strength or measuring phase difference among multiple receiving units in the array, azimuth estimation can be completed in a very short time. For jamming 2.4GHz or 5.8GHz UAV communication signals, the system's azimuth estimation error can be controlled within ±3° to ±5°. Increasing the number of array units can further reduce the azimuth error range. By calculating the received signal from the leaky cable, the reflective copper plate is rotated to point towards the target, thereby improving electromagnetic interference or coverage effects.

[0048] This significantly enhances the multi-target processing capability of the low-altitude defense UAV system. By employing multiple leaky cables arranged in parallel array, each cable can form an independent reinforcement direction. Therefore, the number of cables in the array is theoretically equivalent to the maximum number of interference directions the system can simultaneously generate. When the number of targets exceeds the number of array elements, the system can also use a priority time-division scheduling strategy for polling interference, enabling the system to maintain continuous suppression of more targets per unit time.

[0049] It offers significant advantages in energy utilization efficiency. The leaky cable array system concentrates electromagnetic energy in a specific direction through a reflective copper plate enhancement structure, ensuring that the effective radiated energy is mainly concentrated in the target area, thereby significantly improving energy utilization. Compared to leaky cables without a reflective copper plate enhancement mechanism, when the reflective copper plate opening is aligned with the leak hole of the leaky cable at a 0° rotation angle, the effective signal transmission reaches 20 meters with an increase of 5-10 dB; when the reflective copper plate is rotated ±45°, the strength of the effective signal transmission still meets the interference requirements of UAVs. At the same power amplifier, the interference distance is increased from 5-20 meters for traditional leaky cables to 30-100 meters, meeting the interference requirements of short-range perimeter. Furthermore, due to the strong directionality of the reflected and converged signal, the beamwidth is controlled within 30-60°, preventing the signal from spreading into unrelated airspace, reducing electromagnetic pollution, avoiding interference with surrounding civilian communication equipment, and enhancing compliance.

[0050] The multi-cable leaky cable array structure significantly improves system stability and redundancy. Its overall shape is similar to ordinary leaky cables, allowing for wall burial and wall-mounted deployment, making it difficult to identify and damage, and suitable for scenarios with high concealment requirements, such as military bases and nuclear power plants. In traditional single-base station structures, the entire system's protection capability significantly decreases if a critical antenna or interference unit fails. However, in a multi-cable array structure, each array unit has a degree of independence. When one unit fails, its neighboring cables can still partially compensate for the coverage loss in that area by adjusting the reflection direction, thus ensuring that the overall system protection capability does not significantly decrease. This distributed structure gives the system strong fault tolerance and is more suitable for long-term deployment in complex environments.

[0051] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 To implement the structural block diagram of a portion of the terminal 140 in this application embodiment, the terminal 140 includes: a radio frequency (RF) circuit 710, a memory 715, an input unit 730, a display unit 740, a sensor 750, an audio circuit 760, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) module 770, a processor 780, and a power supply 790, among other components. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 8 The terminal 140 structure shown does not constitute a limitation on a mobile phone or computer, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0052] The RF circuit 710 can be used to receive and transmit signals during information transmission or calls. In particular, it receives downlink information from the base station and processes it with the processor 780; in addition, it transmits uplink data to the base station.

[0053] The memory 715 can be used to store software programs and modules. The processor 780 executes various terminal functions and perimeter low-altitude defense processing based on directional leaky cable by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 715.

[0054] The input unit 730 can be used to receive input numeric or character information, and to generate key signal inputs related to the terminal's settings and function control. Specifically, the input unit 730 may include a touch panel 731 and other input devices 732.

[0055] The display unit 740 can be used to display input or provided information, as well as various menus of the terminal. The display unit 740 may include a display panel 741.

[0056] Audio circuitry 760, speaker 761, and microphone 762 provide an audio interface.

[0057] In this embodiment, the processor 780 included in the terminal 140 can execute the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable from the previous embodiment.

[0058] The terminal 140 in this application embodiment includes, but is not limited to, mobile phones, computers, intelligent voice interaction devices, smart home appliances, vehicle terminals, and aircraft. This application embodiment can be applied to various scenarios, including but not limited to cloud technology, artificial intelligence, smart transportation, and assisted driving.

[0059] Figure 9 This is a partial structural block diagram of a server 110 implementing an embodiment of this application. The server 110 can vary significantly due to different configurations or performance characteristics, and may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) 822 (e.g., one or more processors) and memory 832, and one or more storage media 830 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) for storing application programs 842 or data 844. The memory 832 and storage media 830 can be temporary or persistent storage. The program stored in the storage media 830 may include one or more modules (not shown in the diagram), each module including a series of instruction operations on the server 110. Furthermore, the CPU 822 may be configured to communicate with the storage media 830 and execute the series of instruction operations in the storage media 830 on the server 110.

[0060] Server 110 may also include one or more power supplies 826, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 850, one or more input / output interfaces 858, and / or one or more operating systems 841, such as Windows Server™, Mac OS X™, Unix™, Linux™, FreeBSD™, etc.

[0061] The central processing unit 822 in server 110 can be used to execute the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable according to the embodiments of this application.

[0062] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code for executing the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable of the foregoing embodiments.

[0063] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. A processor of a computer device reads and executes the computer program, causing the computer device to perform the aforementioned perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables.

[0064] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “including”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0065] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0066] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than", "less than", "exceeding" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself.

[0067] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, or indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0068] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this application, depending on actual needs.

[0069] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0070] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0071] It should also be understood that the various implementation methods provided in this application can be combined arbitrarily to achieve different technical effects.

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "module" or "unit" refer to a computer program or part of a computer program that has a predetermined function and works with other related parts to achieve a predetermined goal, and can be implemented wholly or partially using software, hardware (such as processing circuitry or memory), or a combination thereof. Similarly, a processor (or multiple processors or memory) can be used to implement one or more modules or units. Furthermore, each module or unit can be part of an overall module or unit that includes the functionality of that module or unit.

[0073] The above is a detailed description of the embodiments of this application. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this application. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A perimeter-based low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables, characterized in that, An application in a low-altitude defense system, the low-altitude defense system comprising a side-by-side leaky cable array, the leaky cable array comprising multiple leaky cable subsystems, each leaky cable subsystem comprising a leaky cable having a leak hole and a reflective arc plate, and a rotating bracket for clamping and rotating the leaky cable, the method comprising expanding the signal transmission range of the leaky cable by means of the reflective arc plate: The protection zone of the low-altitude defense system is determined based on the size parameters of the leaky cable array. If there are defensive targets within the protected area, determine the number of defensive targets and the target signal strength received by the leaky cable array for each defensive target; For each defense target, the azimuth angle and distance trend of the leaky cable array relative to the defense target are determined based on the target signal strength. The target approach speed of the defense target to the leaky cable array is determined based on the azimuth angle and the distance trend. The priority of the defense target is determined based on the target signal strength, the distance trend, the target approach speed, and the threat level of the defense target. The threat level is obtained through the operating parameters of the defense target and a predefined threat level classification table. Based on the priority of each of the defense targets, each of the leaky cables is controlled to transmit target jamming signals to each of the defense targets at the azimuth angle of each of the defense targets, so as to interfere with the signals of each of the defense targets and protect the defense area.

2. The perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the protection zone of the low-altitude defense system based on the size parameters of the leaky cable array includes: The number of leaky cables in the leaky cable array is determined based on the size parameters of the leaky cable array, as well as the volume and number of leaks in each leaky cable. For each of the aforementioned leaky cables, the protection sub-region of the leaky cable is determined based on the volume of the leaky cable and the number of leaks. The protection zone is determined based on the number of leaky cables and the protection sub-regions of each leaky cable.

3. The perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the azimuth and distance trend of the leaky cable array relative to the target based on the target signal strength against the target includes: Determine the target signal strength received by each of the leaky cables from the target being defended, and determine the azimuth and distance information of the leaky cable array relative to the target being defended based on the target signal strength received by each of the leaky cables from the target being defended; The distance trend is determined based on the azimuth of the leaky cable array relative to the defense target and the distance information.

4. The perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the priority of the defense target based on the target signal strength, the distance trend, the target approach speed, and the threat level of the defense target includes: The priority of the defense target is obtained by weighting the target signal strength, the distance trend, the target approach speed, and the threat level of the defense target.

5. The perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The threat level is obtained through the following steps: The flight control type, bandwidth, and signal strength variation information of the defense target are determined based on the operating parameters of the defense target. The threat level is determined based on the flight control type, the bandwidth, and the signal strength change information.

6. The perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of controlling each leaky cable to transmit target jamming signals to each of the defense targets at the azimuth angle of each defense target according to the priority of each defense target includes: If the number of leaky cables is greater than the number of defense targets, then the nearest single leaky cable is assigned to each defense target, and the remaining unassigned leaky cables are assigned to the defense targets in order of priority to obtain a first assignment result for each defense target. Then, the target jamming signal is transmitted to each defense target according to the first assignment result and the azimuth angle of each defense target. If the number of leaky cables is equal to the number of defense targets, then one leaky cable is allocated to each defense target to obtain a second allocation result for each defense target. Based on the second allocation result and the azimuth angle of each defense target, the target jamming signal is transmitted to each defense target. If the number of leaky cables is less than the number of defense targets, then each defense target is polled and allocated according to its priority to obtain a third allocation result for each defense target, and the target jamming signal is transmitted to each defense target according to the third allocation result and the azimuth angle of each defense target.

7. The perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: If one or more of the defense targets leave the protection area, determine the remaining number of defense targets in the protection area, and transmit the target jamming signal to each remaining defense target in the protection area according to the priority and azimuth of the remaining number of defense targets.

8. The perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of transmitting a target jamming signal to a single said defensive target includes: Determine the azimuth, distance trend, and approach speed of the target being defended; The rotating bracket is controlled to rotate the main lobe of the leaky cable according to the azimuth angle of the target, the distance trend, and the target approach speed, so as to track the target. While controlling the rotating bracket to rotate the main signal lobe of the leaky cable, the target interference signal is continuously emitted.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is read and executed by the processor of the electronic device, causing the electronic device to perform the perimeter low-altitude defense method based on directional leaky cable as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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