A magnetic braking test bench and test system for trains

Abstract

This invention relates to a magnetic braking test bench and system for trains. The test bench includes a base platform, a drive mechanism, a rotating assembly, a layered mounting base, and a force measuring assembly. The inertia disk serves as both a conductive test specimen and a simulation of rotational inertia. Force sensors are installed on the upper and lower mounting sections to achieve synchronous and isolated measurement of braking force and electromagnetic attraction. The test system integrates a current / voltage controller, a signal acquisition unit, and a control terminal, allowing for adjustment of excitation parameters and synchronous acquisition of multi-dimensional data. Compared with existing technologies, this invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing test benches, such as difficulty in directly and decoupled measurement of dual parameters and unrealistic simulation of operating conditions. It features a compact structure, stable operation, and accurate simulation of high-speed braking conditions, providing reliable support for the performance testing and optimization of linear eddy current brakes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit braking test equipment technology, and in particular to a magnetic braking test bench and test system for trains used for performance testing of linear eddy current brakes. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid iteration and upgrading of rail transit technology, high-speed trains and maglev trains are continuously developing towards ultra-high operating speeds, high safety and stability, and long service life. As a core component ensuring train operation safety, the braking system's performance stability and operational reliability directly determine the train's driving safety and adaptability to operating conditions, making it a key technological area of ​​focus in the rail transit field.

[0003] Linear eddy current braking technology, based on the principle of non-contact braking, possesses numerous advantages such as no mechanical wear, fast braking response, braking performance not limited by the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient, and stable braking conditions. It effectively avoids the inherent defects of traditional mechanical braking and adhesion braking, perfectly adapting to the braking requirements of high-speed and ultra-high-speed rail transit equipment. It has now become the mainstream research direction and key application technology for braking systems of high-speed trains and maglev trains. In the research, development, performance verification, and engineering implementation of linear eddy current brakes, core parameters such as braking force, electromagnetic attraction, operating speed, and operating temperature are key indicators for evaluating the brake's braking performance, adaptability to operating conditions, and service reliability. Therefore, accurately testing and simultaneously verifying these parameters using dedicated high-precision testing equipment is a necessary prerequisite for ensuring the research and development quality and engineering application effectiveness of linear eddy current brakes.

[0004] Currently, various linear eddy current braking test equipment are publicly available in existing technologies, which can basically realize the basic braking performance test of linear eddy current brakes and provide some data support for the preliminary performance study of brakes. However, in actual engineering applications and high-precision testing scenarios, existing test equipment still has many technical defects and cannot meet the precise testing requirements under ultra-high speed conditions. First, most conventional test benches struggle to achieve decoupled acquisition and testing of both braking force and electromagnetic attraction, resulting in misaligned testing sequences and low data matching for these two core performance parameters. This leads to insufficient completeness and accuracy of the acquired test data, failing to comprehensively and accurately reflect the overall braking performance of the brake. Second, the test installation structure of some existing test devices differs significantly from the assembly structure and operating conditions of actual vehicle-mounted linear eddy current brakes. The test simulation scenarios are disconnected from real service conditions, greatly reducing the engineering representativeness and reference value of the test data and failing to provide accurate basis for brake structure optimization and parameter calibration. Third, existing test equipment generally suffers from insufficient high-speed operating condition simulation capabilities, loose overall structural layout, and poor long-term operational stability. It cannot meet the performance testing and in-depth parameter research needs of ultra-high speed eddy current brakes, severely restricting the iterative optimization and large-scale engineering application of linear eddy current braking technology.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need to develop a train magnetic braking test bench that is compact, stable in operation, can accurately simulate the high-speed operation of trains, and can simultaneously collect and test braking force and electromagnetic attraction. This would address the technical pain points of existing technologies, such as incomplete test data, poor simulation of operating conditions, weak high-speed adaptability, and insufficient operational stability, and meet the core needs of high-precision performance testing, parameter optimization, and engineering adaptability research of linear eddy current brakes.

[0006] A search revealed that Chinese utility model patent application CN210221513U discloses a test device for track eddy current braking performance. This device includes a base, a ring track unit, an eddy current brake that cooperates with the ring track unit, and an air gap adjustment mechanism that drives the eddy current brake to slide along the base to adjust the air gap between the eddy current brake and the ring track unit. The ring track unit includes a track mounting plate and a ring track mounted on the track mounting plate. The track mounting plate is fixed to a drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to a rotating power unit mounted on the base. The eddy current brake includes a support frame placed on the base, on which an arc-shaped iron core connected to the air gap adjustment mechanism is fixed. A coil group is wound on the yoke of the arc-shaped iron core, and the tooth surface of the arc-shaped iron core faces the surface of the ring track. This existing patent application makes it difficult to achieve direct, synchronous, and decoupled measurement of tangential braking force and normal electromagnetic attraction force under the same installation reference.

[0007] How to realize the simultaneous acquisition and testing of braking force and electromagnetic attraction force on a train magnetic braking test bench, and improve the simulation capability and operational stability of working conditions, has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art by providing a magnetic braking test bench and test system for trains, so as to solve the shortcomings of existing linear eddy current braking test equipment in terms of synchronous measurement of braking force and electromagnetic attraction, working condition simulation capability, operation stability and equipment compactness.

[0009] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a magnetic braking test bench for trains is provided, comprising a base platform, a drive mechanism, a rotating assembly, a mounting base, and a force measuring assembly; The drive mechanism and the mounting base are both arranged on the base platform. The rotating assembly includes a support shaft and an inertia disk fixed on the support shaft. The support shaft is rotatably mounted on the base platform through a support bearing seat. The drive mechanism is driven by the support shaft and is used to drive the support shaft and the inertia disk to rotate. The inertia disk is a conductive test specimen used to provide the rotational inertia required for the test. The mounting base is located on one side of the inertia disk. The mounting base includes an upper mounting part and a lower mounting part arranged in layers. The upper mounting part is used to mount the eddy current brake to be tested. The upper mounting part moves relative to the lower mounting part in a first direction through a first guide structure. The lower mounting part moves relative to the base platform in a second direction through a second guide structure. The force measuring component includes a first force sensor and a second force sensor. The first force sensor is located between the upper mounting part and the lower mounting part and is used to detect the braking force of the eddy current brake under test along a first direction. The second force sensor is located between the lower mounting part and the base platform and is used to detect the electromagnetic attraction force of the eddy current brake under test along a second direction. The force transmission paths of the braking force and the electromagnetic attraction force are isolated from each other.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the first direction is parallel to the plane where the inertia disk is located.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the second direction is perpendicular to the plane where the inertia disk is located.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the upper mounting part is provided with a gap adjustment structure, which is used to adjust the working gap between the eddy current brake under test and the inertia disk.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a brake disc is coaxially and detachably mounted on the support shaft, and a friction device that cooperates with the brake disc is correspondingly provided on the base platform.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the brake disc is used in conjunction with the friction device to conduct friction braking tests, friction wear tests, friction heat analysis tests, and static friction coefficient measurement tests.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a magnetic braking test system for trains is provided, comprising the magnetic braking test bench for trains described in the first aspect, and further comprising a current / voltage controller, wherein the current / voltage controller is electrically connected to the eddy current brake under test and is used to adjust the excitation current and / or excitation voltage of the eddy current brake under test.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the system further includes a signal acquisition unit, which is connected to the first force sensor and the second force sensor respectively, for synchronously acquiring braking force and electromagnetic attraction detection signals.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the system further includes a control terminal, which is communicatively connected to the drive mechanism and the signal acquisition device, respectively, for controlling the operating speed of the drive mechanism and collecting, storing and processing test data.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the signal acquisition device is also connected to a speed sensor and / or a temperature sensor for synchronously acquiring speed data and / or temperature data during the test.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The magnetic braking test bench for trains of the present invention achieves physical isolation and independent measurement of the two force transmission paths of braking force and electromagnetic attraction through the collaborative design of the basic platform, drive mechanism, rotating component, layered mounting base and dual force sensors. It utilizes the inertia disk as both a conductive test piece and a rotational inertia simulation component to restore the speed decay characteristics of the actual braking process of the train. It also solves the defects of existing test benches that cannot synchronously and without interference acquire braking force and electromagnetic attraction data, significantly improving the completeness, accuracy and representativeness of test data, and providing a reliable test basis for the performance testing and parameter optimization of linear eddy current brakes.

[0020] 2) The first direction of this invention is parallel to the plane where the inertia disk is located, that is, the detection direction of the braking force is consistent with the tangential direction of the inertia disk, so that the first force sensor can directly and without deviation collect the tangential braking force generated by the eddy current brake under test; the second direction is perpendicular to the plane where the inertia disk is located, that is, the detection direction of the electromagnetic attraction force is consistent with the radial direction of the inertia disk, so that the second force sensor can directly and without interference collect the radial electromagnetic attraction force generated by the eddy current brake under test, avoiding crosstalk of the braking force to the electromagnetic attraction force measurement, further strengthening the isolation effect of the two force transmission paths, and improving the authenticity and stability of the electromagnetic attraction force data.

[0021] 3) By setting a gap adjustment structure in the upper mounting part, the present invention can flexibly adjust the working gap between the eddy current brake under test and the inertia disk, adapt to the installation requirements of different models of eddy current brakes and the gap setting requirements of different test conditions, and complete the performance test under various gap conditions without changing the tooling, which significantly improves the versatility and testing flexibility of the test bench and reduces the test preparation cost and time cost.

[0022] 4) The train magnetic braking test system of the present invention has a current / voltage controller that can accurately adjust the excitation current or voltage of the eddy current brake under test to achieve performance testing under different excitation conditions; the signal acquisition unit synchronously acquires braking force and electromagnetic attraction detection signals to ensure the synchronicity and integrity of mechanical parameter acquisition; the control terminal uniformly controls the speed of the drive mechanism and processes test data to achieve automation of the test process and integration of data management; after further connecting the speed sensor and / or temperature sensor, it can also synchronously acquire speed and temperature data to build a multi-dimensional test data system, fully restore the operating state of the eddy current brake under real high-speed braking conditions, significantly improve the automation level, data dimension and test efficiency of the test, and provide systematic and comprehensive test support for the performance calibration, operating condition adaptability verification and fault analysis of the eddy current brake. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic braking test bench in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic braking test system in this invention; In the attached diagram, 1 is the base platform, 2 is the drive mechanism, 3 is the support bearing seat, 4 is the support shaft, 5 is the inertia disk, 6 is the mounting base, 61 is the upper mounting part, 62 is the lower mounting part, 63 is the first force sensor, 64 is the second force sensor, 65 is the first guide structure, 66 is the second guide structure, 7 is the eddy current brake under test, 8 is the brake disc, 9 is the friction device, 10 is the current / voltage controller, 11 is the signal acquisition device, and 12 is the control terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This embodiment relates to a magnetic braking test bench for trains, such as... Figure 1 The test bench includes a base platform 1, a drive mechanism 2, a rotating assembly that is connected to the drive mechanism 2, a mounting base 6 for mounting the eddy current brake 7 under test, and a force measuring assembly.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the test bench also includes a support bearing seat 3, a support shaft 4, a brake disc 8, and a friction device 9. The drive mechanism 2, the support bearing seat 3, and the mounting base 6 are mounted on the base platform 1. The drive mechanism 2 is connected to the support shaft 4 for transmission. The drive mechanism 2 is used to drive the support shaft 4 to rotate the inertia disc 5, which is used to simulate the relative motion between the eddy current brake 7 under test and the conductive test piece (the inertia disc 5 is the conductive test piece).

[0027] The rotating assembly includes an inertia disk 5 fixed to a support shaft 4. The inertia disk 5 serves as a conductive test specimen and provides the rotational inertia required for the test. A mounting base 6 is disposed on one side of the inertia disk 5, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the test bench includes an upper mounting section 61 and a lower mounting section 62 arranged in layers. The upper mounting section 61 is used to mount the eddy current brake 7 under test and moves relative to the lower mounting section 62 in a first direction via a first guide structure 65; the lower mounting section 62 moves relative to the base platform 1 in a second direction via a second guide structure 66. Preferably, the first direction is the vertical direction in the normal installation and use state of the test bench, and the second direction is the horizontal direction in the normal installation and use state of the test bench. The first direction is parallel to the plane where the inertia disk is located, and the second direction is perpendicular to the plane where the inertia disk is located.

[0028] The rotating component uses an inertia disk 5 fixed on the support shaft. It serves as both a conductive test piece for the eddy current brake and provides the required rotational inertia for the test. This simulates the speed decay characteristics of a train caused by mass inertia during actual operation, making the test conditions closer to the real braking process (such as the braking process of gradually decelerating from 2200 r / min), rather than just a constant speed steady-state test.

[0029] Force measuring components include, for example Figure 2 The test includes a first force sensor 63 and a second force sensor 64. The first force sensor 63 is positioned between the upper mounting portion 61 and the lower mounting portion 62, and is subjected to force along a first direction to form a first force transmission path. It is used to measure the braking force generated by the eddy current brake 7 under test during the test. The second force sensor 64 is positioned between the lower mounting portion 62 and the base platform 1, and is subjected to force along a second direction to form a second force transmission path. It is used to measure the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the eddy current brake 7 under test during the test. The two force transmission paths are completely isolated in physical structure, eliminating mutual interference in force measurements.

[0030] Through the layered installation structure of the aforementioned mounting base 6 and the bidirectional guide structure, braking force and electromagnetic attraction force can be transmitted along different paths and measured synchronously.

[0031] In some implementations, such as Figure 3The rotating assembly is coaxially equipped with a detachable brake disc 8 for friction braking related tests; the brake disc 8 can be used in conjunction with the friction device 9 to carry out friction wear tests, friction heat analysis tests or static friction coefficient measurement tests, so as to improve the comprehensive utilization capability of the test bench.

[0032] The upper mounting section 61 can also be configured as a gap adjustment structure to adjust the working gap between the eddy current brake 7 under test and the inertia disk 5.

[0033] This embodiment also relates to a magnetic braking test system for trains, such as... Figure 3 The system includes a magnetic braking test bench, as well as a current / voltage controller 10, a signal acquisition unit 11, and a control terminal 12 connected to the magnetic braking test bench.

[0034] The current / voltage controller 10 is electrically connected to the eddy current brake 7 under test on the magnetic braking test bench, and is used to adjust the excitation current and / or excitation voltage of the eddy current brake 7 under test.

[0035] The signal acquisition unit 11 is connected to the first force sensor 63 and the second force sensor 64 respectively, realizing the synchronous, real-time, and independent measurement of braking force and electromagnetic attraction force. Two key mechanical parameters can be obtained in a single test, significantly improving data integrity and test efficiency. The signal acquisition unit 11 can be further connected to a speed sensor and / or a temperature sensor.

[0036] The control terminal 12 is connected to the drive mechanism 2 and the signal acquisition device 11 respectively, and is used to realize speed control and measurement data acquisition. The equipment cover is located outside the base platform and the rotating component, and is equipped with an observation window.

[0037] This embodiment also relates to a test method for a magnetic braking test bench for trains, including: Before the test, the eddy current brake 7 to be tested is first fixed to the upper mounting part 61, and the working gap between the eddy current brake 7 and the inertia disk 5 is adjusted by the gap adjustment structure of the upper mounting part 61 to reach the preset test value, such as 7mm. Subsequently, the transmission connection status between the drive mechanism 2 and the support shaft 4, the support status of the support bearing seat 3, and the connection status of the first force sensor 63 and the second force sensor 64 are checked to ensure that the test bench is in normal working condition.

[0038] During the test, the drive mechanism 2 is controlled by the control terminal 12, causing the support shaft 4 to drive the inertia disk 5 to rotate to a preset speed. Simultaneously, a preset excitation current and / or excitation voltage is provided to the eddy current brake 7 under test via the current / voltage controller 10, causing the eddy current brake 7 to enter the working state. In a preferred embodiment, the initial speed of the inertia disk 5 can be set to 2200 r / min to simulate test conditions at higher speed levels, and the excitation current can be set to 95 A to meet the requirements for testing the linear eddy current braking performance of high-speed trains.

[0039] During the operation of the eddy current brake 7 under test, the braking force generated is transmitted to the first force sensor 63 along the first force transmission path, and the electromagnetic attraction force generated is transmitted to the second force sensor 64 along the second force transmission path. The measurement signals output by the first force sensor 63 and the second force sensor 64 are transmitted to the signal acquisition unit 11, processed, and then transmitted to the control terminal 12 to achieve synchronous acquisition and recording of braking force, electromagnetic attraction force, and related test data. If necessary, the signal acquisition unit 11 can also be further connected to a speed sensor and / or a temperature sensor to obtain speed data and / or temperature data during the test.

[0040] To improve the stability and reliability of the test results, multiple sets of tests can be repeated under different preset speed conditions, and the braking force and electromagnetic attraction force data under the corresponding working conditions can be recorded. In an example working condition, when the eddy current brake 7 under test is a traditional linear eddy current brake, the initial speed is 2200 r / min, the excitation current is 95A, and the working gap is 7 mm, parameters such as the maximum braking force, average braking force, and maximum electromagnetic attraction force under the corresponding working conditions can be obtained.

[0041] After the test, the collected data can be exported, and the variation law of braking force with speed, the variation law of electromagnetic attraction force, and related operating parameters can be analyzed to evaluate whether the eddy current brake 7 under test meets the expected test requirements.

[0042] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic braking test bench for trains, characterized in that, Includes a basic platform, drive mechanism, rotating components, mounting base, and force measuring components; The drive mechanism and the mounting base are both arranged on the base platform. The rotating assembly includes a support shaft and an inertia disk fixed on the support shaft. The support shaft is rotatably mounted on the base platform through a support bearing seat. The drive mechanism is driven by the support shaft and is used to drive the support shaft and the inertia disk to rotate. The inertia disk is a conductive test specimen used to provide the rotational inertia required for the test. The mounting base is located on one side of the inertia disk. The mounting base includes an upper mounting part and a lower mounting part arranged in layers. The upper mounting part is used to mount the eddy current brake to be tested. The upper mounting part moves relative to the lower mounting part in a first direction through a first guide structure. The lower mounting part moves relative to the base platform in a second direction through a second guide structure. The force measuring component includes a first force sensor and a second force sensor. The first force sensor is located between the upper mounting part and the lower mounting part and is used to detect the braking force of the eddy current brake under test along a first direction. The second force sensor is located between the lower mounting part and the base platform and is used to detect the electromagnetic attraction force of the eddy current brake under test along a second direction. The force transmission paths of the braking force and the electromagnetic attraction force are isolated from each other.

2. The magnetic braking test bench for trains according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first direction is parallel to the plane on which the inertia disk is located.

3. The magnetic braking test bench for trains according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second direction is perpendicular to the plane on which the inertia disk is located.

4. The train magnetic braking test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper mounting section is provided with a gap adjustment structure, which is used to adjust the working gap between the eddy current brake under test and the inertia disk.

5. The train magnetic braking test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, A brake disc is coaxially and detachably mounted on the support shaft, and a friction device that cooperates with the brake disc is correspondingly provided on the base platform.

6. The train magnetic braking test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that, The brake disc works in conjunction with the friction device to conduct friction braking tests, friction wear tests, friction heat analysis tests, and static friction coefficient measurement tests.

7. A magnetic braking test system for trains, characterized in that, The train magnetic braking test bench according to any one of claims 1-5 further includes a current / voltage controller, which is electrically connected to the eddy current brake under test and is used to adjust the excitation current and / or excitation voltage of the eddy current brake under test.

8. The train magnetic braking test system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The system also includes a signal acquisition unit, which is connected to the first force sensor and the second force sensor respectively, for synchronously acquiring braking force and electromagnetic attraction force detection signals.

9. The train magnetic braking test system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The system also includes a control terminal, which is communicatively connected to the drive mechanism and the signal acquisition device, and is used to control the operating speed of the drive mechanism and to collect, store and process test data.

10. The train magnetic braking test system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The signal acquisition unit is also connected to a speed sensor and / or a temperature sensor to synchronously acquire speed data and / or temperature data during the test.

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