A method, device, equipment and medium for evaluating anti-overturning stability of a high-rise device

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for evaluating the overturning stability of high-rise equipment. It involves real-time acquisition of pressure data from each hydraulic outrigger via a sensor base. An edge computing module calculates the outrigger stress uniformity, foundation settlement ratio, and verticality indices to construct an overturning state function, classifying levels as safe, warning, and hazardous. A digital twin compensation module predicts the overturning trajectory based on real-time data and outputs corresponding hydraulic compensation parameters. The edge computing module triggers audible and visual alarms according to the risk level classification and controls the hydraulic outriggers to perform pressure compensation adjustments. Simultaneously, an operation controller implements operational restrictions and interlocking protection. A closed-loop verification module continuously monitors the control effect. The advantages of this invention are: by forming a complete closed loop through acquisition, calculation, decision-making, control, and verification, it achieves proactive correction and remote monitoring, significantly improving the operational stability and safety of high-rise equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of construction safety technology for tall equipment, specifically relating to a method, device, equipment, and medium for evaluating the overturning stability of tall equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of transportation, construction, and other engineering projects, high-altitude work equipment such as rotary drilling rigs, mixing pile machines, and tower cranes are core equipment for achieving high-altitude and heavy-load construction. Their application has significantly improved the efficiency and scope of engineering construction, making them indispensable key facilities in modern engineering construction. As the scale of engineering construction continues to expand, high-altitude work equipment is developing towards higher operating heights and greater load capacities. Their operating conditions are also becoming increasingly complex. Uncertain factors such as strong winds and rainfall in open-air construction environments, as well as uneven foundations and dynamic changes in operating loads, all pose severe challenges to the overturning stability of high-altitude work equipment.

[0003] According to statistics on special equipment safety accidents, overturning accidents involving tall equipment account for over 50% of major special equipment safety accidents, making it one of the main safety hazards in the construction field. These accidents not only cause economic losses due to equipment damage and project shutdowns, but also easily lead to serious consequences such as casualties. Accident source analysis reveals that uneven stress on the support legs is the core contributing factor to the overturning of tall equipment, and the limitations of existing stability monitoring and protection technologies for tall equipment further exacerbate the probability of such accidents.

[0004] In current engineering practices, stability monitoring of tall equipment often employs single-tilt sensor technology. This technology only acquires the overall tilt angle of the equipment, failing to simultaneously collect crucial data reflecting the equipment's anti-overturning status, such as real-time load on the support legs and foundation settlement. Consequently, it struggles to comprehensively and accurately characterize the equipment's actual safety status. Under complex construction conditions, such as uneven settlement due to foundation softening caused by rainfall, dynamic load disturbances from strong winds, and abnormal stress distribution on the support legs under high-load operations, the single-dimensional monitoring method suffers from significant parameter limitations. This can easily lead to incomplete risk identification, omission of key influencing factors, and ultimately, failure to promptly detect potential overturning risks.

[0005] Meanwhile, existing monitoring technologies mostly remain at the level of "passive monitoring," only able to display equipment status in real time and issue alarms for exceeding limits, lacking the ability to proactively intervene and dynamically control the risk of overturning. Faced with the tendency of equipment instability caused by the coupling of multiple factors under complex working conditions, traditional technologies cannot respond in a timely and accurate manner according to changes in equipment status and environmental parameters, resulting in problems such as delayed early warning and control failure, making it difficult to fundamentally curb the occurrence of overturning accidents.

[0006] In addition, the existing methods of fixing monitoring equipment also have defects. Conventional clamps are prone to loosening and reduction of pre-tightening force under high temperature and strong vibration construction conditions, which leads to distortion of sensor data and further reduces the reliability of monitoring results, making it impossible to provide accurate data support for equipment stability assessment.

[0007] Patent No. CN121562312A discloses a method for evaluating the overturning resistance of foundation pit support structures using NT-CEP pile-wall anchors. This method divides the entire foundation pit construction cycle into continuous load steps, synchronously collects multi-source response data, and constructs an NT-CEP (Newtype concrete expanded-plate pile) pile-arc wall-anchor coupling model. Combined with inversion analysis, it solves the load-sharing ratio of each component and the overall overturning resistance safety factor. Furthermore, it can identify abnormal components based on the load-sharing ratio and analyze the overturning resistance assessment index based on the changing trend of the safety factor. This solves the problems of large discrepancies between theoretical calculations and actual results, and the lag of assessment information behind the construction process in traditional foundation pit support structure overturning resistance assessments. Thus, it achieves dynamic and refined assessment of the overturning resistance of support structures during foundation pit construction, improving the authenticity and foresight of the assessment results. Although the invention constructs an anti-overturning assessment method under a coupled model, it is only applicable to the specific civil engineering field of foundation pit support structures. It cannot be adapted to the hydraulic outrigger support structure of high-altitude operating equipment, and it does not consider the coupled influence of outdoor environmental factors such as wind speed and rainfall on the stability of the equipment.

[0008] Patent CN117010084A discloses a method for assessing the overturning stability of a vehicle with a support structure. This invention involves creating a radar vehicle prototype and deploying sensors to collect attitude and support leg reaction force data. A dynamic simulation model of the radar vehicle is established to extract overturning criteria for different levels of danger. Combined with experimental and simulation data, the correlation between platform tilt angle, support leg reaction force, and overturning criteria is constructed, enabling prediction of the radar vehicle's overturning state. This solves the problems of traditional vehicle overturning assessment methods being crude, lacking real-time on-site early warning mechanisms, and failing to consider the dynamic effects of wind loads and rotational loads. This achieves rapid assessment and real-time early warning of the overturning stability of vehicles with support structures. However, it still has limitations: it only targets specific support structure vehicles like radar vehicles, fails to simultaneously collect the crucial parameter of foundation settlement, uses fixed weighting coefficients that cannot be dynamically adjusted according to environmental conditions, and only provides overturning prediction without proactive intervention or compensation capabilities; the response mode remains passive early warning.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more comprehensive evaluation method for the overturning stability of tall structures in order to improve their overturning stability. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention aims to address the problem that current methods for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures are incomplete.

[0011] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0012] A method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures includes the following steps: S1. Multi-source data acquisition: Pressure sensors are fixed to sensor bases on the hydraulic outriggers of the high-rise equipment using memory metal clamps. The pressure sensors collect the load values ​​of each outrigger, the amount of foundation settlement, and the overall tilt angle of the equipment in real time. The environmental monitoring unit obtains wind speed and rainfall intensity in real time. S2. Calculation of State Indicators and Overturning State Function: The edge computing module receives data from the sensor array and calculates three state indicators in real time: outrigger stress uniformity, foundation settlement ratio, and verticality. It calculates environmental excitation factors based on real-time wind speed and rainfall intensity, then dynamically determines the linear weighting coefficient and coupling weighting coefficient using these environmental excitation factors, and finally calculates the overturning state function. ; S3. Graded Risk Response: Based on the overturning state function The risk level is determined by the numerical range, and corresponding graded response measures are implemented accordingly. S4. Active hydraulic compensation: When a red warning or danger zone response is triggered, the digital twin compensation module is activated, matching historical overturning cases and predicting the overturning trajectory of the equipment within the first preset time. The hydraulic compensation command is then output to drive the hydraulic outriggers to automatically adjust the pressure. S5. Closed-loop stability verification: The edge computing module continuously monitors the updated overturning state function during the compensation process. If within the second preset time If the temperature drops below the safety threshold, the alarm will be deactivated; if the temperature fails to meet the threshold, an emergency braking procedure will be triggered and compensation will continue until the equipment returns to stability.

[0013] As the core method of this application, this method constructs a complete technical process of multi-source data acquisition, state index calculation, hierarchical risk response, active hydraulic compensation, and closed-loop stability verification, realizing a closed-loop process from data perception to risk intervention, and solving the shortcomings of existing technologies in single-dimensional monitoring and passive early warning. Moreover, by combining environmental parameters to dynamically calculate the overturning state function, it can adapt to complex working conditions such as strong winds and rainfall in open-air construction, and improve the comprehensiveness and foresight of risk assessment.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, the outrigger stress uniformity The foundation settlement ratio The verticality In the formula: This represents the stress load value for a single leg. The average stress load for each support leg, This represents the settlement of a single leg of the foundation. This represents the average ground settlement of each support leg. This is the actual tilt angle of the equipment. The threshold value for the allowable tilt angle of the device.

[0015] By transforming abstract equipment stability into calculable numerical indicators, a refined characterization of overturning resistance is achieved. The indicators are defined using relative deviation and percentage forms, eliminating the influence of different physical dimensions and facilitating horizontal comparisons of stability under different equipment and operating conditions. The direct correspondence between the parameter definitions and data acquisition modules ensures the traceability of the data source for the state indicator calculations, enhancing the reliability of the evaluation results.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the environmental excitation factor includes a wind speed excitation factor. Rainfall excitation factors Strong convection composite excitation factor ,in:

[0017] In the formula, For real-time wind speed, The wind speed safety warning threshold, To test the rainfall, The threshold for safe rainfall warning; and The threshold for composite safety warnings of severe convective weather.

[0018] Three types of environmental excitation factors—wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection—were designed to quantify the impact of outdoor environmental factors on equipment stability, filling the gap in existing technologies that do not consider environmental coupling effects. A threshold triggering mechanism was adopted to avoid invalid calculations of environmental factors under safe operating conditions, improving algorithm efficiency while ensuring accurate response of excitation factors under harsh operating conditions.

[0019] Preferably, the overturning state function in step S2 In the formula These are the weighting coefficients for stress uniformity, foundation settlement difference ratio, and verticality deviation rate, respectively. These are the stress-settlement coupling weight coefficient, the settlement-tilt angle coupling weight coefficient, and the tilt angle-stress coupling weight coefficient, respectively.

[0020] The overturning state function integrates linear weights and coupled weights, which not only reflects the independent influence of a single index on stability, but also characterizes the interaction between indices, making it more in line with the physical laws of multi-factor coupled instability in actual engineering. Moreover, the weight ratio can be changed to adapt to the personalized needs of different types of tall equipment.

[0021] Preferably, the method for calculating the linear weighting coefficient and the coupling weighting coefficient includes: ; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula: As the benchmark weight for outrigger stress uniformity, The foundation settlement difference ratio is the benchmark weight. The verticality deviation rate is the benchmark weight; This is the reference coefficient for stress-settlement coupling. This is the settlement-tilt coupling reference coefficient. This is the reference coefficient for tilt angle-stress coupling; , , These are the enhancement coefficients of stress weighting under combined conditions of wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection; , , These are the enhancement coefficients of wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection combined conditions on the settlement weight; , , These are the enhancement coefficients for the tilt angle weighting under combined conditions of wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection; The enhancement factor of rainfall on stress-settlement coupling is given. The enhancement factor of wind speed on settlement-tilt coupling is given. and These are the enhancement coefficients of wind speed and rainfall on tilt angle-stress coupling, respectively.

[0022] The algorithm achieves dynamic adaptive adjustment of linear and coupled weights, automatically correcting the importance of each indicator and interaction term based on real-time environmental incentives, thus avoiding evaluation bias under complex conditions caused by fixed weights. The separation of benchmark weights and influence coefficients preserves the evaluation benchmark under normal operating conditions while giving the algorithm dynamic adjustment capabilities to cope with extreme environments. All coefficients can be pre-calibrated using historical data and simulations, ensuring the scientific rigor and repeatability of weight adjustments and enhancing the engineering practicality of the evaluation model.

[0023] Preferably, the hydraulic compensation command in step S4 includes a compensation adjustment amount, the calculation formula of which is: In the formula The adjustment coefficient is dynamically adjusted and optimized in real time by the digital twin compensation module based on the predicted overturning trajectory. For the stress of each supporting leg, The average stress is for each supporting leg.

[0024] The hydraulic compensation command directly targets the outrigger stress deviation, precisely addressing the core cause of overturning—uneven force distribution on the outriggers—with a direct and efficient intervention logic. A dynamic adjustment coefficient is introduced. The digital twin module optimizes the control in real time based on the overturning trajectory, which can ensure the adjustment effect while avoiding secondary instability caused by overcompensation, thus improving the safety and smoothness of the control.

[0025] Preferably, the hydraulic compensation command in step S4 further includes a compensation adjustment rate, and the calculation formula for the compensation adjustment rate is as follows; In the formula For compensation coefficient, The rate of change of the overturning coefficient. The value depends on the state determination of the device in step S3.

[0026] The compensation rate is directly linked to the rate of change of the overturning coefficient, enabling adaptive control. It can respond quickly when the equipment shows a clear tendency to become unstable, and avoid excessive movement when the trend is gentle. The quantitative design of the compensation rate provides a clear basis for the flow and pressure control of the hydraulic system, ensuring the controllability and predictability of the compensation action.

[0027] The present invention also provides a device for evaluating the overturning stability of tall equipment using any of the above-described methods, comprising a data acquisition module, an edge computing module, an early warning response module, a digital twin compensation module, a closed-loop verification module, and a remote monitoring and communication module, wherein each module is electrically connected. The data acquisition module is used to collect data on the hydraulic outrigger load, foundation settlement, overall tilt angle of the equipment, and ambient wind speed and rainfall intensity. It includes a pressure sensor, tilt sensor, environmental monitoring unit, shape memory metal clamp, and sensor base. The edge computing module is used to receive monitoring data from the data acquisition module and calculate status indicators, environmental stimulus factors, dynamic weighting coefficients, and overturning state functions. To enable real-time data processing and computation; The early warning response module is used to determine the overturning state function. The value triggers the corresponding level of audible and visual alarm and executes the corresponding equipment operation restriction measures, including audible and visual alarms and equipment operation controllers; The digital twin compensation module is used to match historical overturning cases, predict the overturning trajectory of the equipment, and output hydraulic compensation commands to drive the hydraulic outriggers to adjust the pressure. It includes an overturning history database, an explicit dynamics calculation unit, and a hydraulic control command output terminal. The closed-loop verification module is used to continuously monitor the overturning state function of the equipment during the compensation process. It determines whether the equipment has returned to stability. If it fails to meet the standard, it triggers an emergency braking procedure, including a real-time data monitoring unit and an emergency braking controller. The remote monitoring and communication module is used to send the real-time status, location information and risk level of the equipment to the remote monitoring platform when a red alert, danger zone response or emergency braking procedure is triggered, so as to realize remote monitoring and early warning.

[0028] The system adopts a modular functional division, with clear responsibilities for each module and well-defined electrical connections, which facilitates system design, integration, and maintenance.

[0029] Preferably, the memory metal clamp is a three-layer ratchet locking mechanism made of NiTiNol alloy, with a temperature sensing coil wound around its top. When the temperature reaches a preset threshold or the preload decreases by a preset value, the ratchet locking mechanism is automatically triggered to lock, maintaining a stable connection between the sensor base and the hydraulic support leg.

[0030] The shape memory metal clamp uses NiTiNol (Nickel) The Titanium Shape Memory Alloy (NiTi Shape Memory Alloy) three-layer ratchet locking mechanism utilizes the shape memory effect to achieve automatic locking when the preload decreases due to high temperatures or preload reduction, solving the problem of traditional clamps being prone to loosening under strong vibration and high temperature conditions. It directly ensures a stable connection between the sensor and the hydraulic outriggers, fundamentally preventing data distortion caused by sensor loosening.

[0031] Preferably, the sensor base includes a load-bearing support plate, a wire wiring channel, and auxiliary pads.

[0032] Preferably, the digital twin compensation module and the edge computing module are connected using a lightweight trajectory prediction algorithm, with a response latency of ≤100ms.

[0033] By controlling the response latency of the digital twin compensation module and the edge computing module to within 100ms, the need for rapid intervention when tall equipment becomes unstable is met.

[0034] Preferably, the monitoring frequency of the closed-loop verification module is not less than 10Hz.

[0035] The closed-loop verification module monitors at a frequency of ≥10Hz, enabling it to capture subtle changes in the overturning state function during the compensation process at high frequency, thus ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of stability verification.

[0036] It also includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, is used to implement the method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures.

[0037] It also includes an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures.

[0038] The advantages of this invention are: (1) Accurate assessment under complex working conditions: Simultaneously collect three core state parameters: outrigger load, foundation settlement, and equipment tilt angle. Combined with wind speed and rainfall environmental factors, construct a multi-dimensional anti-overturning evaluation system to avoid the one-sidedness of single-dimensional monitoring. By dynamically adjusting the linear weight and coupling weight through environmental excitation factors, accurately characterize the equipment instability law under the coupling effect of multiple factors. Compared with the fixed weight model, it is more in line with the complex working conditions of open-air construction, and the risk identification is more comprehensive and the early warning is earlier. (2) Active hydraulic correction: Addressing the core cause of overturning—uneven stress in the support legs—this method directly uses the stress deviation in the support legs as the control target, outputting adaptive hydraulic compensation commands to proactively intervene in the instability trend, rather than merely relying on alarms. A high-frequency closed-loop verification mechanism is introduced to continuously monitor the compensation effect; if the target is not met, emergency braking is triggered, forming a complete closed loop of "prediction, compensation, verification, and re-regulation," fundamentally curbing overturning accidents and solving the problems of delayed early warning and ineffective regulation in traditional technologies. (3) Reliable data acquisition: The NiTiNol shape memory metal three-layer ratchet clamp automatically locks when the preload decreases due to high temperature or preload, solving the problem of traditional clamps being prone to loosening under strong vibration and high temperature conditions, and avoiding sensor data distortion. The matching sensor base integrates load support, wire straightening, and anti-instability functions, ensuring a stable connection between the sensor and the support leg from the installation structure level, and providing accurate and reliable data source support for the evaluation model; (4) Integrated hardware and software: The device adopts a modular architecture of data acquisition, edge computing, early warning response, digital twin compensation, closed-loop verification, and remote monitoring. It has clear functions, is easy to integrate and maintain, and can be adapted to various high-altitude operation equipment such as rotary drilling rigs and tower cranes. The technical solution can be deployed in hardware or ported to software programs to meet the implementation needs of different engineering scenarios and meet the real-time requirements of construction sites. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of a device for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the sensor base of a device for evaluating the overturning stability of tall equipment according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4This is a side view of the sensor base of a device for evaluating the overturning stability of tall equipment according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a shape memory metal clamp structure for an anti-overturning stability evaluation device for tall equipment according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In the picture: 1. Hydraulic outriggers; 2. Sensor base; 21. Memory metal clamp; 211. Ratchet locking mechanism; 212. Temperature sensing coil; 22. Support base plate; 23. Wiring channel; 24. Auxiliary pad; 25. Pressure sensor; 3. Audible and visual alarm; 4. Digital twin compensation module; 5. Edge computing module. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1: This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures.

[0043] See Figure 1 This application's method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures is based on a device for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures. To facilitate understanding of the method, this embodiment first provides a preliminary analysis of the device. The device for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures in this embodiment includes: a hydraulic outrigger 1, a sensor base 2, an audible and visual alarm 3, a digital twin compensation module 4, and an edge computing module 5. See details... Figures 2-4Hydraulic outrigger 1 serves as the overall installation foundation, positioned at one of the four core support locations on the operating surface of the elevated equipment. Sensor base 2 is integrally fixed to the lower surface of hydraulic outrigger 1, comprising a shape memory metal clamp 21, a support base plate 22, a wiring channel 23, auxiliary pads 24, and a pressure sensor 25. The support base plate 22 and auxiliary pads 24 are closely connected to hydraulic outrigger 1. The shape memory metal clamp 21 is wrapped around the connection between hydraulic outrigger 1 and sensor base 2 for fixation. The pressure sensor 25 is internally integrated within the clamp. Edge computing module 5 is electrically connected to sensor base 2 and is located near sensor base 2 or within the control compartment of the elevated equipment to receive its collected data. Digital twin compensation module 4 is electrically connected to edge computing module 5, is controlled by edge computing module 5, and is located after the communication and computing link of edge computing module 5. Audible and visual alarm 3 is electrically connected to edge computing module 5 and is installed in a prominent position on the elevated equipment (such as the top of the machine / operating room), directly connected to edge computing module 5 to receive alarm commands.

[0044] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures, including the following steps: S1. Multi-source data acquisition: Pressure sensors are fixed to the sensor base on the hydraulic outriggers of the high-rise equipment using memory metal clamps. The pressure sensors collect the load values ​​of each outrigger, the ground settlement, and the overall tilt angle of the equipment in real time. The environmental monitoring unit obtains the wind speed and rainfall intensity in real time.

[0045] The specific process of step S1 includes: ① Installation and fixing: The sensor base 2, which integrates the memory metal clamp 21, the support base plate 22, the wiring groove 23, the auxiliary pad 24 and the pressure sensor 25, is fixed to the surface of the hydraulic leg 1 of the tall equipment through the ratchet locking mechanism 211 of the memory metal clamp 21. This makes the support base plate 22 and the auxiliary pad 24 fit tightly with the hydraulic leg 1, and the temperature sensing coil 212 is naturally wound around the top of the memory metal clamp 21, thus completing the reliable connection between the acquisition component and the hydraulic leg 1.

[0046] ② Parameter acquisition: The load value of each hydraulic outrigger 1 is collected in real time through the pressure sensor 25 on the sensor base 2. At the same time, the corresponding foundation settlement is collected synchronously according to the change in the height difference of the hydraulic outrigger 1, and the overall tilt angle data of the equipment is collected in conjunction.

[0047] ③ Environmental data acquisition: Through the environmental monitoring unit, environmental parameters such as wind speed and rainfall intensity at the high-altitude equipment operation site are acquired in real time.

[0048] ④ Data transmission: The data on outrigger load, foundation settlement, and overall equipment tilt angle collected by the pressure sensor 25, as well as the data on wind speed and rainfall intensity collected by the environmental monitoring unit, are all transmitted in real time to the edge computing module 5 to complete the collection and aggregation of multi-source data.

[0049] Step S1 uses a standardized data acquisition process and reliable hardware installation to simultaneously acquire the status parameters of the equipment support structure, the overall attitude parameters of the equipment, and the on-site environmental parameters. All data is then transmitted to the edge computing module 5 to provide complete and effective data support for subsequent status index calculations, overturning risk assessments, and proactive compensation decisions. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the overturning resistance evaluation system from the data source.

[0050] S2. Calculation of State Indicators and Overturning State Function: The edge computing module receives data from the sensor array and calculates three state indicators in real time: outrigger stress uniformity, foundation settlement ratio, and verticality. It calculates environmental excitation factors based on real-time wind speed and rainfall intensity, then dynamically determines the linear weighting coefficient and coupling weighting coefficient using these environmental excitation factors, and finally calculates the overturning state function. .

[0051] The specific process of step S2 includes: ① Data reception and preprocessing: The edge computing module 5 receives the load value of the hydraulic outrigger 1, the foundation settlement, and the overall tilt angle of the equipment collected by the pressure sensor 25 of the sensor base 2, as well as the raw data of wind speed and rainfall intensity collected by the environmental monitoring unit. The module performs filtering and noise reduction preprocessing on the data to remove abnormal interference data and ensure the validity of the data source for calculation.

[0052] ② Calculation of core status indicators: Based on the preprocessed data, three core status indicators are calculated, namely, the stress uniformity of the outriggers is calculated by the load value of each hydraulic outrigger. Calculate the foundation settlement ratio based on the foundation settlement of each hydraulic outrigger. Calculate the verticality by comparing the actual tilt angle of the equipment with the permissible tilt angle threshold. Its formula is: ; ; In the formula This represents the stress load value for a single leg. The average stress load for each support leg, This represents the settlement of a single leg of the foundation. This represents the average ground settlement of each support leg. This is the actual tilt angle of the equipment. The permissible tilt angle threshold for the equipment is selected as 1° in this embodiment (this value is the factory safety threshold for most high-rise equipment, and can be modified according to different equipment). The high-rise equipment in this embodiment includes four support legs. Based on the typical working stress load range of the hydraulic outriggers of the high-rise equipment, typical engineering values ​​are selected as the original load data. , , , ; , , , ; =0.6°, and after calculation, the equipment status index is .

[0053] ③ Environmental excitation factor solution: Based on real-time wind speed and rainfall intensity data, and combined with preset composite safety warning thresholds for wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection, calculate the wind speed excitation factor respectively. Rainfall excitation factors and strong convection composite excitation factor The specific calculation formula is as follows: This quantifies the impact of outdoor environmental factors on equipment stability.

[0054] In the formula, For real-time wind speed, The wind speed safety warning threshold, To test the rainfall, The threshold for safe rainfall warning; and This is the composite safety warning threshold for severe convective weather. In this embodiment... The safety warning threshold for level 6 winds is set at 13.6 m / s. Take 10 m / s, The threshold for a heavy rain safety warning is set at 15.9 mm / h. , and The environmental excitation factors were taken as 13.8 m / s and 8.0 mm / h respectively (the above thresholds were obtained through dynamic simulation of tall equipment and statistical analysis of historical accident data; the specific values ​​were adjusted according to the actual situation). After calculation, the environmental excitation factors in this embodiment... .

[0055] ④ Determination of dynamic weighting coefficients: Substitute the three types of environmental incentive factors obtained from the solution into the preset calculation formula to calculate the linear weighting coefficients respectively. Coupling weight coefficients This enables dynamic adaptive adjustment of the weighting coefficients based on the on-site environmental conditions. The specific calculation formula includes: ; ; ; ; ; In the formula: These are the weighting coefficients for stress uniformity, foundation settlement difference ratio, and verticality deviation rate, respectively. These are the stress-settlement coupling weight coefficient, the settlement-tilt angle coupling weight coefficient, and the tilt angle-stress coupling weight coefficient, respectively. The baseline weight for outrigger stress uniformity characterizes the degree of independent contribution of outrigger stress unevenness to equipment overturning risk under normal operating conditions. The base weight of the differential settlement ratio represents the degree of independent contribution of uneven settlement of the foundation to the overturning risk under normal working conditions. The verticality deviation rate is the benchmark weight, representing the degree of independent contribution of the overall equipment tilt to the overturning risk under normal operating conditions. The stress-settlement coupling reference coefficient characterizes the intensity of the coupling risk caused by the interaction between uneven outrigger stress and ground settlement differences under normal working conditions. The settlement-tilt angle coupling reference coefficient characterizes the intensity of the coupling risk caused by the interaction between the foundation settlement difference and the equipment tilt angle under normal working conditions. The tilt angle-stress coupling reference coefficient characterizes the coupling risk intensity arising from the interaction between the equipment tilt angle and the uneven stress of the outriggers under normal operating conditions. The environmental impact enhancement coefficient characterizes the amplification effect of external factors exceeding the safety threshold on each linear weight, where: , , These are the enhancement coefficients of stress weighting under combined conditions of wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection; , , These are the enhancement coefficients of wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection combined conditions on the settlement weight; , , These are the enhancement coefficients for the tilt angle weights under combined conditions of wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection. The environmental impact enhancement coefficient of the coupling terms is used to characterize the amplification effect of external factors on the coefficients of each coupling term, where: The enhancement factor of rainfall on stress-settlement coupling reflects the degree to which the intensity of the coupling effect between stress and settlement is amplified when the rainfall intensity exceeds the safety threshold. The enhancement factor of wind speed on settlement-tilt angle coupling reflects the degree of amplification of the coupling effect between settlement and tilt angle when the wind speed exceeds the safety threshold. and These are the enhancement coefficients of wind speed and rainfall on tilt angle-stress coupling, respectively, reflecting the degree to which wind speed and rainfall amplify the coupling strength between tilt angle and stress when they exceed the safety threshold.

[0056] The baseline weighting coefficient and influence intensity coefficient in the above formula are obtained by comprehensive calibration using the following method: a. Dynamic Simulation Analysis: Establish a digital twin dynamic model of the tall equipment, simulate the equipment response under different wind speeds, rainfall intensities, and load conditions in a simulation environment, and obtain multiple sets of data including... , , and corresponding data samples of actual overturning risk; using a multivariate nonlinear regression method, with the overturning state function... With the goal of achieving uniformity at the overturning critical point, the initial baseline coefficients and influence coefficients are derived.

[0057] b. Historical Data Verification: Collect historical operational data of similar high-altitude equipment, including safe operation data and records of near-miss incidents, and calibrate the initial coefficients to ensure... When a near-miss occurs, the threshold is exceeded, but when the threshold is below the safety threshold during normal operation.

[0058] Using the calibration method described above, the typical coefficient values ​​adopted in this embodiment are: (All baseline coefficients and influence intensity coefficients are pre-calibrated through digital twin simulation and historical data regression analysis. They can be adjusted according to the specific equipment type and operating conditions in actual applications.)

[0059] ⑤ Overturning State Function Calculation: Substitute the calculated three core state indicators and dynamic weight coefficients into the overturning state function formula. Complete the overturning state function Real-time calculations yield a quantitative value characterizing the current risk of equipment overturning. Combining the data from ① to ④, the overturning state function is calculated. =0.97.

[0060] Step S2 involves data preprocessing, core state index calculation, environmental stimulus factor solution, and dynamic weight coefficient determination to finally obtain the overturning state function. The quantitative values ​​not only accurately depict the impact of single-factor and multi-factor coupling of outrigger stress, foundation settlement, and equipment verticality on equipment stability, but also combine wind speed and rainfall to achieve dynamic adaptation of weighting coefficients, providing a scientific, objective, and real-time quantitative basis for subsequent graded risk response, and achieving accurate assessment of equipment overturning risk from a data perspective.

[0061] S3. Graded Risk Response: Based on the overturning state function The risk level is determined by the numerical range, and corresponding graded response measures are implemented.

[0062] The specific process of step S3 includes: ① Risk threshold matching: Edge computing module 5 retrieves the preset overturning state function. The risk level classification threshold is the real-time overturning state function calculated in step S2. The quantified value is precisely matched with the threshold ranges of safe zones, yellow alerts, red alerts, and danger zones to determine the current overturning risk level of the equipment.

[0063] ② Tiered command triggering: Based on the risk level obtained from the matching, edge computing module 5 sends a tiered response control command to the corresponding execution module, specifically: when When the area is deemed a safe zone, no additional commands are triggered; only multi-source data acquisition and... Real-time calculation of routine monitoring status; when If a yellow alert is triggered, a yellow audible and visual alarm will be activated. At the same time, the equipment controller will automatically limit the operating speed to 50% of the rated value (the specific operating speed depends on the actual situation) and limit the maximum load rate to 80% of the rated load (the specific operating load rate depends on the actual situation). when If a red alert is triggered, a red audible and visual alarm is activated, the digital twin compensation module 4 is activated, and the system enters active compensation mode. when If a danger zone is identified, the equipment power source should be immediately cut off, the highest priority hydraulic compensation should be activated, and an alarm signal should be sent to the remote monitoring platform at the same time.

[0064] ③ Implementation of tiered measures: After receiving the instruction, each execution module synchronously executes the response measures. The audible and visual alarm 3 triggers the corresponding color-coded audible and visual alarm signal, and the equipment operation controller restricts the operation parameters according to preset rules. If it is determined to be a red warning or danger zone, the edge computing module 5 synchronously sends an activation instruction to the digital twin compensation module 4 to prepare for subsequent active hydraulic compensation. In this embodiment, it is in the red warning zone, so the edge computing module 5 synchronously sends an activation instruction to the digital twin compensation module 4 to activate active compensation.

[0065] ④ Real-time status synchronization: The current risk level, triggered response measures, and real-time equipment operating status are synchronously transmitted to the remote monitoring and communication module to achieve real-time communication between the on-site risk status and the remote monitoring platform.

[0066] In this embodiment, the overturning state function is calculated. =0.97, which is within the red alert range, therefore the system triggered a red alert.

[0067] This step classifies risk levels by matching real-time risk values ​​with preset thresholds, triggering corresponding audible and visual alarms, equipment operation control, and activation of core functional modules. This achieves both intuitive on-site risk warnings and immediate control of operational risks, and can accurately initiate subsequent proactive compensation procedures based on the severity of the risk. It avoids excessive or insufficient intervention in a single response mode, establishing a layered, orderly, and efficient risk response mechanism for equipment anti-tipping protection. At the same time, it enables remote synchronization of risk status, ensuring dual risk control both on-site and remotely.

[0068] S4. Active hydraulic compensation: When a red warning or danger zone response is triggered, the digital twin compensation module is activated, matching historical overturning cases and predicting the overturning trajectory of the equipment within the first preset time. The hydraulic compensation command is then output to drive the hydraulic outriggers to automatically adjust the pressure.

[0069] The specific process of step S4 includes: ① Module Activation and Data Reception: After receiving the activation command from the edge computing module 5, the digital twin compensation module 4 starts immediately and simultaneously acquires the real-time equipment status data (outrigger stress uniformity) transmitted by the edge computing module 5. Foundation settlement ratio Verticality Overturning state function Values ​​and on-site environmental parameters (wind speed, rainfall intensity).

[0070] ② Historical Case Matching: The digital twin compensation module 4 retrieves the built-in overturning history database and uses a similarity matching algorithm to filter out historical overturning cases with a similarity of ≥85% to the current equipment status and environmental conditions (the specific similarity selection can be adjusted according to the actual situation), providing a reference for subsequent trajectory prediction.

[0071] ③Overturning trajectory prediction: Based on matching historical cases and equipment dynamics models, a digital twin simulation environment is constructed. Using the current measured data as the initial condition, the changes in outrigger stress distribution and overturning trajectory of the equipment within the first preset time (the next 30 seconds are selected in this embodiment, but can be selected as needed) are predicted, and the key outriggers of instability and the core area of ​​stress deviation are identified.

[0072] ④ Compensation parameter calculation: Based on the predicted overturning trajectory and outrigger stress deviation, combined with the real-time stress of each hydraulic outrigger 1, With average stress Using the formula Calculate the hydraulic compensation adjustment amount for each outrigger; where This is a dynamic adjustment coefficient. For the stress of each supporting leg, This represents the average stress on each supporting leg. The digital twin compensation module 4 optimizes the overturning trajectory in real time based on the predicted trajectory, with the value range generally being 0.5 ≤ k ≤ 0.8 based on experience. Simultaneously, it optimizes the trajectory prediction and overturning state function based on ③. Determine the level of danger and select the rate of change of the overturning coefficient. Further, the hydraulic compensation rate is calculated using the following formula: In the formula The compensation coefficient (in this embodiment, the coefficient is 0.2, which is a calibration value that takes into account the hardware safety of the hydraulic system, the timeliness of overturning compensation, the versatility of engineering conditions, and the adaptability of closed-loop verification. In actual application, it can also be finely adjusted within the range of [0.1, 0.3] according to the hydraulic system characteristics and working conditions of different equipment); the rate of change of the overturning coefficient. Based on the current zone, in this embodiment, when in the yellow warning zone, MPa / s, when in the red warning zone MPa / s; when in the danger zone MPa / s (The above values ​​apply to the tall equipment in this embodiment; the actual values ​​should be adjusted according to the specific circumstances).

[0073] ⑤ Compensation command output and execution: The digital twin compensation module 4 integrates the calculated compensation adjustment amount and compensation rate of each hydraulic outrigger 1 into a hydraulic compensation command, which is sent to the hydraulic control system of the high-rise equipment in real time. The hydraulic control system drives the corresponding hydraulic outrigger 1 to perform automatic pressure adjustment action, so as to realize the stress balance adjustment of the outrigger and suppress the overturning tendency of the equipment.

[0074] In this embodiment, Taking the median value of 0.65, and combining it with the relevant values ​​of the four legs in step S2, the following calculation is obtained: =9.1MPa. The digital twin compensation module outputs pressure reduction adjustment commands to the unstable outriggers with high stress in four directions. =9.1MPa, synchronously output pressure boosting and adjustment commands to the outriggers with low stress. =9.1MPa, eliminating the core cause of overturning due to stress imbalance. =0.2 0.5 = 0.1 MPa / s, so the adjustment time is 91 s.

[0075] Step S4 uses the digital twin compensation module 4 to predict the overturning trajectory by combining historical cases and real-time status, calculates and outputs targeted hydraulic compensation commands, drives the hydraulic outrigger 1 to quickly adjust the pressure, actively corrects the uneven force on the outrigger, suppresses the overturning trend from the root, realizes the transformation from passive alarm to active correction, buys time for subsequent closed-loop verification, and avoids further instability or even overturning of the equipment.

[0076] S5. Closed-loop stability verification: The edge computing module continuously monitors the updated overturning state function during the compensation process. If within the second preset time If the temperature drops below the safety threshold, the alarm will be deactivated; if the temperature fails to meet the threshold, an emergency braking procedure will be triggered and compensation will continue until the equipment returns to stability.

[0077] The specific process of step S5 includes: ① Continuous Status Monitoring: Edge computing module 5 collects and updates the load and settlement data of hydraulic outrigger 1 in real time at a monitoring frequency of no less than 10Hz during the compensation process, and continuously iterates the calculation of the overturning state function. The stability of the equipment is tracked throughout the entire process.

[0078] ② Threshold determination and timing: When the hydraulic compensation command is initiated, the edge computing module 5 starts the second preset timer and calculates the threshold value in real time. The value is compared with a preset safety threshold to determine whether it has fallen within a safe range. In this embodiment, the second preset time is 2 minutes, but the specific time length can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0079] ③ Alarm cancellation and restoration to normal: If within the second preset time, If the device remains below the safety threshold, the edge computing module 5 sends a stop alarm command to the audible and visual alarm 3 to cancel the current warning state, and the device returns to the normal monitoring mode. At the same time, the active hydraulic compensation output is turned off.

[0080] ④ Emergency braking and enhanced compensation: If the second preset time is exceeded, If the temperature does not drop back to the safe threshold or continues to rise, the edge computing module 5 immediately triggers the emergency braking procedure and sends the highest priority compensation command to the digital twin compensation module 4 to further increase the adjustment force of the hydraulic outrigger 1 until the equipment posture returns to stability.

[0081] ⑤ Status Synchronization Upload: Compensation effect throughout the entire closed-loop verification process; The change curve and the final handling result are uploaded to the back-end platform in real time through the remote monitoring and communication module to complete the recording and retention of the entire process.

[0082] Step S5 determines whether the equipment has truly returned to a stable state after compensation. If the risk of overturning is eliminated within the specified time, the warning is lifted and normal monitoring is restored. If the compensation is ineffective and the risk of overturning continues, enhanced compensation or emergency braking is immediately initiated to avoid overturning accidents as much as possible, forming a safety closed loop of "control-verification-recontrol".

[0083] Example 2: This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1 in overall process, with only the numerical values ​​differing. The elevated structure in this embodiment includes four support legs. Based on the typical working stress load range of the hydraulic outriggers of the elevated structure, typical engineering values ​​are selected as the original load data. , , , ; , , , ; =0.7°, and after calculation, the equipment status index is Wind speed V =18m / s (exceeding the 6-level wind threshold), rainfall intensity R=0mm / h. Calculated... The dynamic weighting coefficient is calculated as follows: Substituting... =0.68. According to step S3, it can be determined that the equipment is in the yellow warning zone. At this time, a yellow audible and visual alarm is triggered. At the same time, the equipment controller automatically limits the operating speed to 50% of the rated value and limits the maximum load rate to 80% of the rated load, and continuously monitors the working condition of each outrigger.

[0084] Example 3: This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1 in overall process, with only the numerical values ​​differing. The elevated structure in this embodiment includes four support legs. Based on the typical working stress load range of the hydraulic outriggers of the elevated structure, typical engineering values ​​are selected as the original load data. , , , ; , , , ; =0.1°, and after calculation, the equipment status index is: Wind speed V =5m / s (less than the 6-level wind threshold), rainfall intensity R=0mm / h. Calculated... The dynamic weighting coefficient is calculated as follows: Substituting... =0.09. According to step S3, it can be determined that the equipment is in the safe operating range. At this time, the equipment continues to operate normally and continuously monitors the operating condition of each outrigger.

[0085] Example 4: This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1 in overall process, with only the numerical values ​​differing. The elevated structure in this embodiment includes four support legs. Based on the typical working stress load range of the hydraulic outriggers of the elevated structure, typical engineering values ​​are selected as the original load data. , , , ; , , , ; =0.95°, and after calculation, the equipment status index is Wind speed V=20m / s (less than the 6-level wind threshold), rainfall intensity R=20mm / h. Calculated... The dynamic weighting coefficient is calculated as follows: , Substituting, we get =2.01. According to step S3, it can be determined that the equipment is in the dangerous working condition range. At this time, the equipment urgently cuts off the equipment power source, starts the highest priority hydraulic compensation (0.8MPa / s in this application), and sends an alarm signal to the remote monitoring platform.

[0086] Example 5: This embodiment is the core device for implementing Embodiments 1 to 4. The anti-overturning stability evaluation device for tall equipment in this embodiment includes: hydraulic outriggers 1, sensor base 2, audible and visual alarm 3, digital twin compensation module 4, and edge computing module 5. See details... Figures 2-4 Hydraulic outrigger 1 serves as the overall installation foundation, positioned at one of the four core support locations on the operating surface of the elevated equipment. Sensor base 2 is integrally fixed to the lower surface of hydraulic outrigger 1, comprising a shape memory metal clamp 21, a support base plate 22, a wiring channel 23, auxiliary pads 24, and a pressure sensor 25. The support base plate 22 and auxiliary pads 24 are closely connected to hydraulic outrigger 1. The shape memory metal clamp 21 is wrapped around the connection between hydraulic outrigger 1 and sensor base 2 for fixation. The pressure sensor 25 is internally integrated within the clamp. Edge computing module 5 is electrically connected to sensor base 2 and is located near sensor base 2 or within the control compartment of the elevated equipment to receive its collected data. Digital twin compensation module 4 is electrically connected to edge computing module 5, is controlled by edge computing module 5, and is located after the communication and computing link of edge computing module 5. Audible and visual alarm 3 is electrically connected to edge computing module 5 and is installed in a prominent position on the elevated equipment (such as the top of the machine / operating room), directly connected to edge computing module 5 to receive alarm commands.

[0087] For details, please refer to Figures 2-4 The hydraulic outrigger 1 is a telescopic hydraulic support structure. Its main body is made of high-strength alloy steel and covered with a wear-resistant rubber layer to reduce contact wear with the sensor base 2. At least four sets of hydraulic outriggers 1 are symmetrically and evenly distributed at the bottom of the towering equipment body to provide vertical support and distribute the equipment load. The extension and retraction stroke of the hydraulic outrigger 1 is monitored in real time by a built-in displacement sensor, and its lower end face is in close contact with the pressure sensor 25 to achieve accurate load data acquisition.

[0088] For details, please refer to Figures 3-5The sensor base 2 serves as the data acquisition module, collecting complex data. It includes a shape memory metal clamp 21, a support base plate 22, a wiring channel 23, auxiliary pads 24, and a pressure sensor 25. The shape memory metal clamp 21 is located on the outer edge of the support base plate 22 and is used to lock the sensor base 2 firmly onto the foundation or equipment mounting base. The shape memory metal clamp 21 integrates a ratchet locking mechanism 211 and a temperature sensing coil 212. The ratchet locking mechanism 211 adopts a one-way engagement structure, enabling mechanical self-locking when the clamp grips the foundation, preventing the clamp from loosening and slipping, and ensuring that the sensor base 2 does not shift or shake during equipment operation. The temperature sensing coil 212 is wound around the outside of the deformation section of the shape memory metal clamp 21, allowing real-time sensing of ambient temperature and the clamp's own temperature changes. Combined with the temperature response characteristics of the shape memory metal, it enables adaptive fine-tuning of the clamping force, avoiding clamping failure due to temperature changes or damage to the foundation due to excessive clamping force. In this embodiment, the ratchet locking mechanism 211 is automatically triggered to lock when the response temperature exceeds 60°C or the preload decreases by 20%.

[0089] The support base plate 22 is the main bearing plate of the sensor base 2. It is made of rigid plate and is arranged horizontally. It is used to bear the vertical load transmitted by the upper hydraulic outrigger 1 and to evenly transfer the load to the foundation. At the same time, it provides an installation foundation for the other sub-components.

[0090] The wiring trough 23 is located inside the support base plate 22 and is a closed wiring channel extending along the support base plate 22. The port of the wiring trough 23 corresponds to the wiring position of the pressure sensor 25. It is used to store the signal cable and power supply cable of the pressure sensor 25, so as to avoid the cable from being damaged under heavy pressure, friction or harsh working conditions and ensure stable signal transmission.

[0091] The auxiliary pad 24 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support base plate 22, located directly below the hydraulic outrigger 1. It is made of elastic wear-resistant material and is used to buffer the rigid impact between the hydraulic outrigger 1 and the support base plate 22. At the same time, it positions and protects the pressure sensor 25, making the pressure transmission more uniform and improving the detection accuracy.

[0092] The pressure sensor 25 is embedded inside the auxiliary pad 24, with its detection end facing upward and exposed and abutting against the lower end face of the hydraulic outrigger 1. It is used to collect the support pressure data transmitted by the hydraulic outrigger 1 in real time and transmit the pressure signal to the edge computing module 5 through the cable in the wiring groove 23.

[0093] For details, please refer to Figure 2This embodiment also includes a warning response module, consisting of an audible and visual alarm 3 and a work controller (not shown in the figure). The audible and visual alarm 3 is fixedly installed outside the operator's cab of the high-altitude equipment and in a conspicuous position on the tower body, and is electrically connected to the edge computing module 5. The alarm has built-in yellow and red warning light sources and a high-low dual-frequency buzzer module, which can perform graded alarm actions according to the risk level: it remains in standby mode under safe conditions; when a yellow warning is issued, the yellow light is lit and a low-frequency intermittent buzzer is emitted; when a red or dangerous condition is issued, the red flashing light is lit and a high-frequency continuous alarm is output. It also has a remote synchronous alarm signal output interface, which can synchronize the alarm status to the background management terminal to achieve dual warnings on-site and remotely. The work controller is located inside the warning response module 3. The work controller is electrically connected to the edge computing module 5 and is simultaneously controlled by the digital twin compensation module 4. The work controller is used to execute graded operation restrictions and safety interlock control according to the overturning risk level determined by the edge computing module 5. Under safe operating conditions, the operation controller maintains normal output mode, allowing the elevated equipment to perform full-condition rotation, luffing, extension, and lifting movements without restricting the equipment's operating permissions. When the equipment enters a yellow warning state, the operation controller receives instructions from the edge computing module 5 to implement mild operational restrictions, reducing the speed of rotation and luffing movements, prohibiting heavy-load lifting and large-amplitude attitude adjustments, and reducing the overturning excitation load. When the equipment enters a red warning or dangerous operating condition, the operation controller enters the highest safety response mode, immediately cutting off the dangerous action drive circuit, forcibly limiting the equipment's operating range and locking the dangerous action actuator, while simultaneously triggering the whole machine slow-stop control to prevent continued operation from exacerbating the overturning risk. The operation controller also has a status feedback function, transmitting real-time operation restriction status and interlock execution results back to the edge computing module 5, forming a control closed loop of warning-response-feedback.

[0094] Specifically, in this embodiment, the digital twin compensation module 4 is an embedded industrial processing unit that establishes a bidirectional data communication link with the edge computing module 5. The module has a pre-built 3D digital twin model of the high-altitude equipment, a multi-condition dynamic simulation model, and a database of historical overturning cases. It can receive outrigger pressure, settlement, equipment tilt angle, and environmental parameters transmitted from the edge computing module 5. Through data matching and simulation calculations, it predicts the overturning trajectory and key instability points of the equipment over a future period, and then calculates the required compensation adjustment amount and compensation rate for the corresponding hydraulic outrigger 1, forming an optimal control strategy and transmitting it back to the edge computing module 5, providing a decision-making basis for active anti-overturning. The trajectory prediction calculation response time delay must not exceed 100ms.

[0095] Specifically, in this embodiment, the edge computing module 5 is the core control unit of the device, located within the electrical control cabinet of the elevated equipment. It is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 25, the audible and visual alarm 3, the electrical control systems of the hydraulic outriggers 1, and the digital twin compensation module 4. It receives outrigger load data collected by the pressure sensor 25 in real time, and combines this data with externally received information such as settlement, tilt angle, and wind speed to achieve stress balance in the outriggers. Foundation settlement ratio Verticality The state indices are calculated, and the overturning state function is further solved iteratively. The system classifies risks into four levels—safe, yellow alert, red alert, and dangerous—based on preset thresholds. Each level triggers a corresponding audible and visual alarm 3, simultaneously issuing a normal adjustment or highest-priority compensation command to the hydraulic outrigger 1. In emergency situations, it also outputs equipment shutdown and braking signals, forming a closed-loop control system of monitoring, judgment, regulation, and verification. During step S4, the edge computing module 5 needs to collect data at a frequency of at least 10Hz and update it in real time. .

[0096] Specifically, this embodiment also includes a closed-loop verification module. The closed-loop verification module is integrated within the edge computing module 5 and is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 25, hydraulic outrigger 1, audible and visual alarm 3, and digital twin compensation module 4. After hydraulic compensation and control are executed, the closed-loop verification module continuously collects real-time data on outrigger pressure, equipment tilt angle, and foundation settlement, and iteratively calculates the outrigger stress uniformity according to a preset cycle. Foundation settlement ratio Verticality and overturning state function The system compares the real-time calculation results with the safety threshold. If all status indicators fall back to the safe range and remain stable within the set verification time, the compensation is deemed effective, the audible and visual alarm 3 is deactivated, and the system returns to the normal monitoring mode. If the indicators still fail to meet the standards after the verification time has expired, or the overturning state function continues to rise, the compensation is deemed ineffective. The system immediately sends the highest priority enhanced compensation command to the hydraulic outrigger 1 and simultaneously outputs an operation restriction or shutdown interlock signal to the operation controller until the equipment attitude returns to stability.

[0097] Specifically, this embodiment also includes a remote monitoring and communication module (not shown in the figure). This module is electrically connected to the edge computing module 5 and establishes a wireless communication link with the cloud monitoring platform, mobile terminals, and the back-end management system. This module is used to upload all operating condition data collected by the device, such as outrigger pressure, foundation settlement, equipment tilt angle, risk level, early warning status, and hydraulic compensation execution results, to the remote monitoring platform in real time, enabling data storage, curve display, historical query, and remote visual supervision. Simultaneously, the remote monitoring and communication module can receive threshold parameters, control commands, and model update data packets from the cloud and transmit them to the edge computing module 5 for execution, enabling remote parameter configuration, remote debugging, and remote online upgrades. When the equipment triggers an early warning or dangerous operating condition, the remote monitoring and communication module can proactively push alarm information to the back-end and designated mobile terminals, achieving remote real-time alarm and emergency response, forming a two-layer safety management system combining local intelligent control and remote centralized supervision.

[0098] Example 6: Accordingly, this embodiment also discloses a device for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures, including a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures.

[0099] Example 7: Accordingly, this embodiment also discloses a medium for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, which cause the computer to execute the method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures.

[0100] The device described in this application has the following advantages: (1) Accurate assessment under complex working conditions: Simultaneously collect three core state parameters: outrigger load, foundation settlement, and equipment tilt angle. Combined with wind speed and rainfall environmental factors, construct a multi-dimensional anti-overturning evaluation system to avoid the one-sidedness of single-dimensional monitoring. By dynamically adjusting the linear weight and coupling weight through environmental excitation factors, accurately characterize the equipment instability law under the coupling effect of multiple factors. Compared with the fixed weight model, it is more in line with the complex working conditions of open-air construction, and the risk identification is more comprehensive and the early warning is earlier. (2) Active hydraulic correction: Targeting the core cause of overturning, the uneven stress in the support legs, the system directly uses the stress deviation in the support legs as the control target and outputs adaptive hydraulic compensation commands to achieve active intervention in the instability trend, rather than merely relying on alarms. A high-frequency closed-loop verification mechanism is introduced to continuously monitor the compensation effect. If the target is not met, emergency braking is triggered, forming a complete closed loop of "prediction → compensation → verification → re-regulation," which fundamentally curbs overturning accidents and solves the problems of delayed early warning and ineffective regulation in traditional technologies. (3) Reliable data acquisition: The NiTiNol shape memory metal three-layer ratchet clamp automatically locks when the preload decreases due to high temperature or preload, solving the problem of traditional clamps being prone to loosening under strong vibration and high temperature conditions, and avoiding sensor data distortion. The matching sensor base integrates load support, wire straightening, and anti-instability functions, ensuring a stable connection between the sensor and the support leg from the installation structure level, and providing accurate and reliable data source support for the evaluation model; (4) Integrated hardware and software: The device adopts a modular architecture of data acquisition, edge computing, early warning response, digital twin compensation, closed-loop verification, and remote monitoring. It has clear functions, is easy to integrate and maintain, and can be adapted to various high-altitude operation equipment such as rotary drilling rigs and tower cranes. The technical solution can be deployed in hardware or ported to software programs to meet the implementation needs of different engineering scenarios and meet the real-time requirements of construction sites.

[0101] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" used in the invention are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0102] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating overturning stability of a high-rise equipment, characterized by, Includes the following steps: S1. Multi-source data acquisition: Pressure sensors are fixed to sensor bases on the hydraulic outriggers of the high-rise equipment using memory metal clamps. The pressure sensors collect the load values ​​of each outrigger, the amount of foundation settlement, and the overall tilt angle of the equipment in real time. The environmental monitoring unit obtains wind speed and rainfall intensity in real time. S2, state index and overturning state function calculation: the edge computing module receives sensor group data, and calculates three state indexes of leg stress balance, foundation settlement ratio and verticality in real time; environmental excitation factor is calculated according to real-time wind speed and rainfall intensity, and then linear weight coefficient and coupling weight coefficient are dynamically determined through the environmental excitation factor, and then the overturning state function is calculated ; S3. Graded Risk Response: Based on the overturning state function The risk level is determined by the numerical range, and corresponding graded response measures are implemented accordingly. S4. Active hydraulic compensation: When a red warning or danger zone response is triggered, the digital twin compensation module is activated, matching historical overturning cases and predicting the overturning trajectory of the equipment within the first preset time. The hydraulic compensation command is then output to drive the hydraulic outriggers to automatically adjust the pressure. S5. Closed-loop stability verification: The edge computing module continuously monitors the updated overturning state function during the compensation process. If within the second preset time If the temperature drops below the safety threshold, the alarm will be deactivated; if the temperature fails to meet the threshold, an emergency braking procedure will be triggered and compensation will continue until the equipment returns to stability.

2. The method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the outrigger stress uniformity The foundation settlement ratio The verticality In the formula: This represents the stress load value for a single leg. The average stress load for each support leg, This represents the settlement of a single leg of the foundation. This represents the average ground settlement of each support leg. This is the actual tilt angle of the equipment. The threshold value for the allowable tilt angle of the device.

3. The method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the environmental excitation factors include wind speed excitation factors. Rainfall excitation factors Strong convection composite excitation factor ,in: In the formula, For real-time wind speed, The wind speed safety warning threshold, To test the rainfall, The threshold for safe rainfall warning; and The threshold for composite safety warnings of severe convective weather.

4. The method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The overturning state function described in step S2 In the formula: These are the weighting coefficients for stress uniformity, foundation settlement difference ratio, and verticality deviation rate, respectively. These are the stress-settlement coupling weight coefficient, the settlement-tilt angle coupling weight coefficient, and the tilt angle-stress coupling weight coefficient, respectively.

5. The method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for calculating the weighting coefficients includes: ; ; ; ; ; In the formula: As the benchmark weight for outrigger stress uniformity, The foundation settlement difference ratio is the benchmark weight. The verticality deviation rate is the benchmark weight; This is the reference coefficient for stress-settlement coupling. This is the settlement-tilt coupling reference coefficient. This is the reference coefficient for tilt angle-stress coupling; , , These are the enhancement coefficients of stress weighting under combined conditions of wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection; , , These are the enhancement coefficients of wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection combined conditions on the settlement weight; , , These are the enhancement coefficients for the tilt angle weighting under combined conditions of wind speed, rainfall, and severe convection; The enhancement factor of rainfall on stress-settlement coupling is given. The enhancement factor of wind speed on settlement-tilt coupling is given. and These are the enhancement coefficients of wind speed and rainfall on tilt angle-stress coupling, respectively.

6. The method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic compensation command mentioned in step S4 includes a compensation adjustment amount, the calculation formula of which is: In the formula The adjustment coefficient is dynamically adjusted and optimized in real time by the digital twin compensation module based on the predicted overturning trajectory. For the stress of each supporting leg, The average stress is for each supporting leg.

7. The method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydraulic compensation command in step S4 also includes a compensation adjustment rate, the calculation formula for which is: In the formula For compensation coefficient, The rate of change of the overturning coefficient. The value depends on the state determination of the device in step S3.

8. A device for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition module, an edge computing module, an early warning response module, a digital twin compensation module, a closed-loop verification module, and a remote monitoring and communication module, with each module electrically connected. The data acquisition module is used to collect data on the hydraulic outrigger load, foundation settlement, overall tilt angle of the equipment, and ambient wind speed and rainfall intensity. It includes a pressure sensor, tilt sensor, environmental monitoring unit, shape memory metal clamp, and sensor base. The edge computing module is used to receive monitoring data from the data acquisition module and calculate status indicators, environmental stimulus factors, dynamic weighting coefficients, and overturning state functions. To enable real-time data processing and computation; The early warning response module is used to determine the overturning state function. The value triggers the corresponding level of audible and visual alarm and executes the corresponding equipment operation restriction measures, including audible and visual alarms and equipment operation controllers; The digital twin compensation module is used to match historical overturning cases, predict the overturning trajectory of the equipment, and output hydraulic compensation commands to drive the hydraulic outriggers to adjust the pressure. It includes an overturning history database, an explicit dynamics calculation unit, and a hydraulic control command output terminal. The closed-loop verification module is used to continuously monitor the overturning state function of the equipment during the compensation process. It determines whether the equipment has returned to stability. If it fails to meet the standard, it triggers an emergency braking procedure, including a real-time data monitoring unit and an emergency braking controller. The remote monitoring and communication module is used to send the real-time status, location information and risk level of the equipment to the remote monitoring platform when a red alert, danger zone response or emergency braking procedure is triggered, so as to realize remote monitoring and early warning.

9. The anti-overturning device for tall equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The memory metal clamp is a three-layer ratchet locking mechanism made of NiTiNol alloy, with a temperature sensing coil wound around its top. When the temperature reaches a preset threshold or the preload decreases by a preset value, the ratchet locking mechanism is automatically triggered to lock, maintaining a stable connection between the sensor base and the hydraulic support leg.

10. The anti-overturning device for tall equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sensor base includes a load-bearing support plate, a wiring channel, and auxiliary pads.

11. The anti-overturning device for tall equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The digital twin compensation module and the edge computing module are connected using a lightweight trajectory prediction algorithm, with a response latency of ≤100ms.

12. The anti-overturning device for tall equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The monitoring frequency of the closed-loop verification module is no less than 10Hz.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for evaluating the anti-overturning stability of tall structures as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for evaluating the overturning stability of tall structures as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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