Infrared spectrum porcelain insulator degradation state detection device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an infrared spectroscopy device and method for detecting the degradation state of porcelain insulators, relating to the field of porcelain insulator detection technology. It includes a mounting base, an extension adjustment component mounted on a movable shaft, and adaptive counterweights connected to a positioning plate at both ends of the movable shaft. By using the extension adjustment component, the invention utilizes a first motor to drive a worm gear to rotate, causing the movable shaft and worm gear to rotate synchronously. This causes the movable shaft to drive an extension frame to swing, rotating the extension frame clockwise relative to the positioning frame. During this process, the swing block rotates counterclockwise relative to the extension frame, ensuring that the detection probe always faces the porcelain insulator during rotation. This allows the detection probe to extend from below the drone to one side of the drone, thus extending the probe and preventing the drone's distance from the cable from affecting the detection range when adjusting the probe's position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of porcelain insulator testing technology, specifically to an infrared spectroscopy device and method for detecting the deterioration state of porcelain insulators. Background Technology

[0002] A drone equipped with an infrared spectrometer conducts deterioration detection on porcelain insulators in operation on power transmission lines. Leveraging the aerial mobility of drones, the drone safely flies along the line and hovers at fixed points next to the insulators during operation. The probe is positioned at a fixed distance and angle to collect infrared spectral signals from key areas such as the insulator skirts, porcelain posts, and hardware connections. By comparing the differences in infrared characteristic spectra between intact insulators and aging insulators in service, the shift, intensity changes, and peak broadening patterns of characteristic absorption peaks of functional groups such as silicon-oxygen bonds, hydroxyl groups, and water of crystallization can be analyzed. This allows for the non-destructive identification of latent deterioration defects such as surface weathering, material aging, moisture absorption, and microstructural damage in porcelain insulators. This enables live, non-disassembly, large-scale, rapid deterioration screening and condition assessment of porcelain insulators on power transmission lines.

[0003] During the degradation detection of porcelain insulators at high altitudes, the close proximity of the detection probe to the drone body makes it prone to scraping and collisions when working near the towers and insulators. This results in a small margin for error and high risk of flight operations. In addition, the drone body itself generates infrared radiation and stray reflections due to its material, which mix into the spectral acquisition signal, causing baseline drift and an increase in stray peaks, which seriously affects the accuracy of degradation identification. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an infrared spectroscopy device and method for detecting the deterioration state of ceramic insulators, in order to solve the problem of poor detection effect leading to low accuracy of detection data.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an infrared spectrometer for detecting the deterioration state of ceramic insulators, comprising a mounting base, a connecting column mounted on the bottom of the mounting base, a positioning plate mounted on the bottom end of the connecting column located below the mounting base, an infrared spectrometer body located below the mounting base mounted on the top of the positioning plate, a positioning frame mounted on the bottom of the positioning plate, a movable shaft rotatably connected to the inner side of the positioning frame via bearings, both ends of the movable shaft extending to the outer side of the positioning frame, an extension adjustment component mounted on the movable shaft, and adaptive counterweights connected to the positioning plate mounted on both ends of the movable shaft; The extended adjustment component includes a worm gear mounted on a movable shaft, the worm gear being located inside the positioning frame. A first motor located on one side of the infrared spectrometer body is mounted on the top of the positioning plate. The output end of the first motor is connected to a worm gear meshing with the worm gear. An extension frame located outside the worm gear is provided on the movable shaft. The end of the extension frame away from the movable shaft is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft via a bearing. A swing block located inside the extension frame is provided on the connecting shaft. A movable positioning unit is provided at one end of the swing block. A positioning block is connected to one end of the swing block via the movable positioning unit. A detection probe is installed at one end of the positioning block. A first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the outside of the extension frame via a bearing. A first transmission bevel gear and a second transmission bevel gear are respectively installed at both ends of the first connecting rod. A bevel gear ring located outside the movable shaft is fixedly connected to the inside of the positioning frame. A third transmission bevel gear is provided at the end of the connecting shaft near the first connecting rod.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the first transmission bevel gear and the second transmission bevel gear at both ends of the first connecting rod mesh with the bevel gear ring and the third transmission bevel gear, respectively.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the first transmission bevel gear and the second transmission bevel gear are symmetrically arranged along the vertical central axis of the first connecting rod, the third transmission bevel gear and the bevel gear ring have the same diameter, and the first transmission bevel gear and the second transmission bevel gear have the same diameter.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the movable positioning unit includes a second motor installed on the top of the swing block, the output end of the second motor is connected to an adjustment arm, the bottom of the swing block is provided with a fourth transmission bevel gear located below the adjustment arm, the bottom of the adjustment arm is rotatably connected to a second connecting rod through a bearing, the two ends of the second connecting rod are respectively equipped with a fifth transmission bevel gear and a sixth transmission bevel gear, the end of the adjustment arm away from the swing block is rotatably connected to a positioning block through a rotating shaft, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft connecting the positioning block and the adjustment arm is provided with a seventh transmission bevel gear.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the sixth transmission bevel gear and the fifth transmission bevel gear mesh with the seventh transmission bevel gear and the fourth transmission bevel gear, respectively.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the sixth transmission bevel gear and the fifth transmission bevel gear are arranged side by side along the transverse central axis of the second connecting rod.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the adaptive counterweight includes turntables installed at both ends of the movable shaft, a locking pin is installed at the end of the turntable away from the movable shaft, a straight groove guide rail is movably sleeved on the outer side of the locking pin, an extension rod is installed on the outer wall of the straight groove guide rail, a limit block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning plate, the extension rod extends from one side of the limit block to the other side of the limit block, a counterweight is installed at the end of the extension rod away from the straight groove guide rail, a limit groove is provided at the bottom of the positioning plate on one side of the limit block, and a slider is provided at the top of the counterweight that is slidably connected to the limit groove.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the inner side of the limiting block is provided with a through hole that matches the extension rod.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the center of the locking pin is misaligned with the center of the turntable, the length of the straight groove guide rail is greater than the diameter of the turntable, and the diameter of the locking pin is equal to the inner width of the straight groove guide rail.

[0014] This invention also discloses a method for detecting the degradation state of infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulators, which uses the aforementioned infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device and includes the following steps: S1: First, install the infrared spectrometer body under the drone using the mounting bracket. Then, the drone flies safely along the line and hovers at a fixed point next to the insulator, so that the side of the positioning plate closest to the positioning frame faces the porcelain insulator to be tested. S2: Start the first motor. The operation of the first motor causes the worm gear to rotate, thereby causing the movable shaft to rotate synchronously with the worm gear. At this time, the movable shaft will drive the extension frame to swing, thereby causing the extension frame to rotate clockwise relative to the positioning frame. During this process, the first transmission bevel gear revolves around the center of the bevel gear ring. At the same time, under the action of meshing with the bevel gear ring, the first transmission bevel gear rotates on its own axis, thereby causing the first connecting rod and the second transmission bevel gear to rotate. At this time, the second transmission bevel gear will drive the third transmission bevel gear to make the connecting shaft rotate relative to the extension frame, thereby causing the swing block to rotate counterclockwise relative to the extension frame, so that the detection probe always faces the porcelain insulator during the rotation. S3: When the extension frame rotates 180 degrees relative to the positioning frame, the swing block rotates 180 degrees relative to the extension frame, so that the detection probe can extend from below the drone to one side of the drone, thereby realizing the extension of the detection probe. S4: The rotation of the movable shaft causes the adaptive counterweight to operate, and the operation of the adaptive counterweight maintains the weight balance on both sides of the positioning plate. S5: Activate the active positioning unit to fine-tune the position of the detection probe, then activate the main body of the infrared spectrometer. Through the operation of the main body of the infrared spectrometer and the detection probe, infrared spectral signals are collected from the key areas of the porcelain insulator skirts, porcelain columns and hardware connections. By comparing the differences in infrared characteristic spectra between intact insulators and old insulators in service, the shift, peak intensity changes and peak broadening laws of characteristic absorption peaks of functional groups such as silicon-oxygen bonds, hydroxyl groups, and water of crystallization are analyzed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By setting an extension adjustment component, the operation of the first motor causes the worm gear to rotate, thereby making the movable shaft and the worm gear rotate synchronously. At this time, the movable shaft will drive the extension frame to swing, so that the extension frame rotates clockwise relative to the positioning frame. During this process, the first transmission bevel gear revolves around the center of the bevel gear ring. At the same time, the first transmission bevel gear rotates on its own axis under the action of meshing with the bevel gear ring. This causes the first connecting rod and the second transmission bevel gear to rotate. At this time, the second transmission bevel gear will drive the third transmission bevel gear to make the connecting shaft rotate relative to the extension frame. This causes the swing block to rotate counterclockwise relative to the extension frame, so that the detection probe always faces the porcelain insulator during the rotation. When the extension frame rotates 180 degrees relative to the positioning frame, the swing block rotates 180 degrees relative to the extension frame. This allows the detection probe to extend from below the drone to one side of the drone, thereby extending the detection probe and preventing the detection range of the detection probe from being affected by the distance between the drone and the cable when adjusting the position of the detection probe, thus increasing the range of motion of the detection probe. 2. By setting up an active positioning unit, after the detection probe moves out of the drone's range, the second motor is activated to rotate the adjustment arm relative to the swing block, causing the adjustment arm to swing relative to the swing block. At the same time, the fifth transmission bevel gear revolves around the fourth transmission bevel gear while rotating on its own axis, causing the seventh transmission bevel gear to rotate under the action of the sixth transmission bevel gear. This allows the positioning block to drive the detection probe to swing. The detection probe's orientation remains unchanged during the rotation, ensuring that the detection probe always faces the porcelain insulator to be tested during the swing of the adjustment arm. This allows for fine-tuning of the detection probe's position, further improving the accuracy of the detection probe in detecting different positions of the porcelain insulator. 3. By setting an adaptive counterweight, when the movable shaft rotates relative to the positioning frame, the turntable will drive the locking pin to rotate. At this time, the locking pin will push the straight groove guide rail, which is limited by the limit block and the extension rod, to move horizontally. This causes the extension rod to move relative to the limit block. The extension rod will then push the counterweight to move away from the positioning frame, so that the position of the counterweight changes as the counterweight extends. This ensures that the two sides of the positioning plate are in a state of weight balance, preventing the weight on both sides of the positioning plate from changing due to the detection probe moving out of the bottom of the drone, and preventing the overall equipment from tilting due to the change in the position of the detection probe. This further ensures the stability of the detection probe and also prevents the detection probe from changing its orientation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the positioning plate of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the positioning frame and the extension frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the movable shaft and the swing block of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the swing block and the positioning block of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the fourth and seventh transmission bevel gears of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the movable shaft and the counterweight of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 2. Connecting column; 3. Positioning plate; 4. Infrared spectrometer body; 5. Positioning frame; 6. First motor; 7. Worm gear; 8. Worm wheel; 9. Movable shaft; 10. Turntable; 11. Locking pin; 12. Limiting block; 13. Counterweight block; 14. Sliding block; 15. Limiting groove; 16. Extension rod; 17. First transmission bevel gear; 18. Bevel gear ring; 19. First connecting rod; 20. Second transmission bevel gear; 21. Third transmission bevel gear; 22. Swing block; 23. Connecting shaft; 24. Extension frame; 25. Fourth transmission bevel gear; 26. Second connecting rod; 27. Fifth transmission bevel gear; 28. Adjusting arm; 29. ​​Second motor; 30. Detection probe; 31. Positioning block; 32. Straight groove guide rail; 33. Sixth transmission bevel gear; 34. Seventh transmission bevel gear. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," and "set up" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The following describes embodiments of the invention based on its overall structure.

[0020] Please see Figures 1 to 8 In this embodiment of the invention, an infrared spectrometer porcelain insulator deterioration state detection device includes a mounting base 1, a connecting column 2 installed at the bottom of the mounting base 1, a positioning plate 3 located below the mounting base 1 installed at the bottom end of the connecting column 2, an infrared spectrometer body 4 located below the mounting base 1 installed at the top of the positioning plate 3, a positioning frame 5 installed at the bottom of the positioning plate 3, a movable shaft 9 rotatably connected to the inner side of the positioning frame 5 via a bearing, both ends of the movable shaft 9 extending to the outer side of the positioning frame 5, an extension adjustment component provided on the movable shaft 9, and adaptive counterweights connected to the positioning plate 3 provided at both ends of the movable shaft 9. The extension adjustment component includes a worm gear 8 mounted on the movable shaft 9, located inside the positioning frame 5. A first motor 6 is mounted on the top of the positioning plate 3, located on one side of the infrared spectrometer body 4. The output end of the first motor 6 is connected to a worm 7 that meshes with the worm gear 8. An extension frame 24 located outside the worm gear 8 is provided on the movable shaft 9. The end of the extension frame 24 away from the movable shaft 9 is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft 23 via a bearing. A swing block 22 located inside the extension frame 24 is provided on the connecting shaft 23. One end of the swing block 22... The end is provided with a movable positioning unit. One end of the swing block 22 is connected to a positioning block 31 through the movable positioning unit. A detection probe 30 is installed at one end of the positioning block 31. The outer side of the extension frame 24 is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 19 through a bearing. The two ends of the first connecting rod 19 are respectively installed with a first transmission bevel gear 17 and a second transmission bevel gear 20. The inner side of the positioning frame 5 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear ring 18 located outside the movable shaft 9. A third transmission bevel gear 21 is provided at the end of the connecting shaft 23 near the first connecting rod 19.

[0021] The first transmission bevel gear 17 and the second transmission bevel gear 20 at both ends of the first connecting rod 19 mesh with the bevel gear ring 18 and the third transmission bevel gear 21, respectively. The first transmission bevel gear 17 and the second transmission bevel gear 20 are symmetrically arranged along the vertical central axis of the first connecting rod 19. The third transmission bevel gear 21 has the same diameter as the bevel gear ring 18, and the first transmission bevel gear 17 has the same diameter as the second transmission bevel gear 20.

[0022] In this embodiment: when detecting the deterioration state of porcelain insulators during use, the infrared spectrometer body 4 is first mounted on the underside of the drone via mounting base 1. The drone then flies safely along the line and hovers at a fixed point next to the insulator, with one side of the positioning frame 5 facing the porcelain insulator to be tested. The first motor 6 is then started, causing the worm gear 7 to drive the worm wheel 8 to rotate, thus causing the movable shaft 9 to rotate synchronously with the worm wheel 8. At this time, the movable shaft 9 will drive the extension frame 24 to swing, causing the extension frame 24 to rotate clockwise relative to the positioning frame 5. During this process, the first transmission bevel gear 17 revolves around the center of the bevel gear ring 18, and simultaneously rotates on its own axis under the meshing action of the first transmission bevel gear 17 and the bevel gear ring 18. This allows the first connecting rod 19 and... When the second transmission bevel gear 20 rotates, it will cause the connecting shaft 23 to rotate relative to the extension frame 24 by shifting the third transmission bevel gear 21. This allows the swing block 22 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the extension frame 24, ensuring that the detection probe 30 always faces the porcelain insulator during rotation. When the extension frame 24 rotates 180 degrees relative to the positioning frame 5, the swing block 22 rotates 180 degrees relative to the extension frame 24. This allows the detection probe 30 to extend from below the drone to one side of the drone, thus extending the detection probe 30. This prevents the detection range of the detection probe 30 from being affected by the distance between the drone and the cable when adjusting the position of the detection probe 30, thereby increasing the range of motion of the detection probe 30 and preventing the drone body from affecting the detection of the porcelain insulator.

[0023] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The movable positioning unit includes a second motor 29 installed on the top of the swing block 22. The output end of the second motor 29 is connected to an adjustment arm 28. The bottom of the swing block 22 is provided with a fourth transmission bevel gear 25 located below the adjustment arm 28. The bottom of the adjustment arm 28 is rotatably connected to a second connecting rod 26 via a bearing. The two ends of the second connecting rod 26 are respectively equipped with a fifth transmission bevel gear 27 and a sixth transmission bevel gear 33. The end of the adjustment arm 28 away from the swing block 22 is rotatably connected to a positioning block 31 via a rotating shaft. The bottom end of the rotating shaft connecting the positioning block 31 and the adjustment arm 28 is provided with a seventh transmission bevel gear 34.

[0024] The sixth transmission bevel gear 33 and the fifth transmission bevel gear 27 mesh with the seventh transmission bevel gear 34 and the fourth transmission bevel gear 25, respectively. The sixth transmission bevel gear 33 and the fifth transmission bevel gear 27 are arranged side by side along the transverse central axis of the second connecting rod 26.

[0025] In this embodiment: after the detection probe 30 moves out from under the drone, the second motor 29 is started to rotate the adjustment arm 28 relative to the swing block 22, thereby causing the adjustment arm 28 to swing relative to the swing block 22. At the same time, the fifth transmission bevel gear 27 revolves around the fourth transmission bevel gear 25 and rotates on its own axis, so that the seventh transmission bevel gear 34 rotates under the action of the sixth transmission bevel gear 33. In this way, the positioning block 31 drives the detection probe 30 to swing. The detection probe 30 does not change its orientation during the rotation, so that the adjustment arm 28 swings while the detection probe 30 is always facing the porcelain insulator to be tested. This allows for fine adjustment of the position of the detection probe 30, further improving the accuracy of the detection probe 30 in detecting different positions of the porcelain insulator.

[0026] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 The adaptive counterweight includes turntables 10 installed at both ends of the movable shaft 9. A locking pin 11 is installed at the end of the turntable 10 away from the movable shaft 9. A straight groove guide rail 32 is movably sleeved on the outer side of the locking pin 11. An extension rod 16 is installed on the outer wall of the straight groove guide rail 32. A limit block 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning plate 3. The extension rod 16 extends from one side of the limit block 12 to the other side of the limit block 12. A counterweight block 13 is installed at the end of the extension rod 16 away from the straight groove guide rail 32. A limit groove 15 is provided at the bottom of the positioning plate 3 on one side of the limit block 12. A slider 14 is provided at the top of the counterweight block 13 and is slidably connected to the limit groove 15.

[0027] The inner side of the limiting block 12 is provided with a through hole that matches the extension rod 16. The center of the locking pin 11 is misaligned with the center of the turntable 10. The length of the straight groove guide rail 32 is greater than the diameter of the turntable 10. The diameter of the locking pin 11 is equal to the inner width of the straight groove guide rail 32.

[0028] In this embodiment: when the movable shaft 9 rotates relative to the positioning frame 5, the turntable 10 will drive the locking pin 11 to rotate. At this time, the locking pin 11 will push the straight groove guide rail 32, which is limited by the limiting block 12 and the extension rod 16, to move horizontally. This will cause the extension rod 16 to move relative to the limiting block 12. At this time, the extension rod 16 will push the counterweight block 13 to move away from the positioning frame 5. This will cause the position of the counterweight block 13 to change as the counterweight block 13 extends, so that the two sides of the positioning plate 3 are in a state of weight balance. This will prevent the weight of the two sides of the positioning plate 3 from changing due to the detection probe 30 moving out of the bottom of the drone, and prevent the overall tilt of the equipment from being caused by the change in the position of the detection probe 30. This will further ensure the stability of the detection probe 30 and also prevent the orientation of the detection probe 30 from changing.

[0029] The following describes a method for detecting the deterioration state of infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulators, based on the aforementioned infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator deterioration state detection device. The method includes the following steps: S1: First, install the infrared spectrometer body 4 under the drone using the mounting base 1. Then, the drone flies safely along the line and hovers at a fixed point next to the insulator, so that the side of the positioning plate 3 that is close to the positioning frame 5 faces the porcelain insulator to be tested. S2: Start the first motor 6. The operation of the first motor 6 causes the worm gear 7 to drive the worm wheel 8 to rotate, thereby causing the movable shaft 9 to rotate synchronously with the worm wheel 8. At this time, the movable shaft 9 will drive the extension frame 24 to swing, thereby causing the extension frame 24 to rotate clockwise relative to the positioning frame 5. During this process, the first transmission bevel gear 17 revolves around the center of the bevel gear ring 18. At the same time, under the action of meshing with the bevel gear ring 18, the first transmission bevel gear 17 rotates on its own axis, thereby causing the first connecting rod 19 and the second transmission bevel gear 20 to rotate. At this time, the second transmission bevel gear 20 will drive the third transmission bevel gear 21 to make the connecting shaft 23 rotate relative to the extension frame 24, thereby causing the swing block 22 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the extension frame 24, so that the detection probe 30 always faces the porcelain insulator during the rotation. S3: When the extension frame 24 rotates 180 degrees relative to the positioning frame 5, the swing block 22 rotates 180 degrees relative to the extension frame 24, so that the detection probe 30 can extend from below the drone to one side of the drone, thereby realizing the extension of the detection probe 30. S4: When the movable shaft 9 rotates relative to the positioning frame 5, the turntable 10 will drive the locking pin 11 to rotate. At this time, the locking pin 11 will push the straight groove guide rail 32, which is limited by the limiting block 12 and the extension rod 16, to move horizontally. This will cause the extension rod 16 to move relative to the limiting block 12. At this time, the extension rod 16 will push the counterweight block 13 to move away from the positioning frame 5. This will cause the position of the counterweight block 13 to change as the counterweight block 13 extends, so that the two sides of the positioning plate 3 are in a state of weight balance. This will prevent the weight of the two sides of the positioning plate 3 from changing due to the detection probe 30 moving out of the bottom of the drone, and prevent the overall tilt of the equipment from being caused by the change in the position of the detection probe 30. This will further ensure the stability of the detection probe 30 and also prevent the orientation of the detection probe 30 from changing. S5: After the detection probe 30 moves out of the space below the drone, the second motor 29 is activated to rotate the adjustment arm 28 relative to the swing block 22, causing the adjustment arm 28 to swing relative to the swing block 22. Simultaneously, the fifth transmission bevel gear 27 revolves around the fourth transmission bevel gear 25 while also rotating on its own axis, causing the seventh transmission bevel gear 34 to rotate under the action of the sixth transmission bevel gear 33. This allows the positioning block 31 to drive the detection probe 30 to swing. The detection probe 30 maintains its orientation during rotation, thus causing the adjustment arm 28 to swing. The detection probe 30 is always pointed towards the porcelain insulator to be tested, which allows for fine-tuning of the probe's position and further improves the accuracy of detection at different locations on the porcelain insulator. Then, the infrared spectrometer body 4 is activated. Through the operation of the infrared spectrometer body 4 and the detection probe 30, infrared spectral signals are collected from the key areas of the porcelain insulator's skirts, porcelain columns, and hardware connections. By comparing the differences in infrared characteristic spectra between intact insulators and old insulators in service, the shift, intensity changes, and peak broadening patterns of characteristic absorption peaks of functional groups such as silicon-oxygen bonds, hydroxyl groups, and water of crystallization are analyzed.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An infrared spectrum porcelain insulator deterioration state detection device comprising a mounting seat (1), characterized in that, A connecting column (2) is installed at the bottom of the mounting base (1). A positioning plate (3) located below the mounting base (1) is installed at the bottom end of the connecting column (2). An infrared spectrometer body (4) located below the mounting base (1) is installed at the top of the positioning plate (3). A positioning frame (5) is installed at the bottom of the positioning plate (3). A movable shaft (9) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the positioning frame (5) through a bearing. Both ends of the movable shaft (9) extend to the outer side of the positioning frame (5). An extension adjustment piece is provided on the movable shaft (9). Adaptive counterweights connected to the positioning plate (3) are provided at both ends of the movable shaft (9). The extended adjustment component includes a worm gear (8) mounted on the movable shaft (9), the worm gear (8) being located inside the positioning frame (5), a first motor (6) located on one side of the infrared spectrometer body (4) being mounted on the top of the positioning plate (3), the output end of the first motor (6) being connected to a worm (7) meshing with the worm gear (8), an extension frame (24) located outside the worm gear (8) being provided on the movable shaft (9), a connecting shaft (23) being rotatably connected to the end of the extension frame (24) away from the movable shaft (9) via a bearing, and a swing block (22) located inside the extension frame (24) being provided on the connecting shaft (23). One end of the block (22) is provided with a movable positioning unit. One end of the swing block (22) is connected to a positioning block (31) through the movable positioning unit. One end of the positioning block (31) is equipped with a detection probe (30). The outer side of the extension frame (24) is rotatably connected to a first connecting rod (19) through a bearing. The two ends of the first connecting rod (19) are respectively equipped with a first transmission bevel gear (17) and a second transmission bevel gear (20). The inner side of the positioning frame (5) is fixedly connected to a bevel gear ring (18) located outside the movable shaft (9). The end of the connecting shaft (23) near the first connecting rod (19) is provided with a third transmission bevel gear (21).

2. The infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transmission bevel gear (17) and the second transmission bevel gear (20) at both ends of the first connecting rod (19) mesh with the bevel gear ring (18) and the third transmission bevel gear (21), respectively.

3. The infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transmission bevel gear (17) and the second transmission bevel gear (20) are symmetrically arranged along the vertical central axis of the first connecting rod (19). The third transmission bevel gear (21) and the bevel gear ring (18) have the same diameter. The first transmission bevel gear (17) and the second transmission bevel gear (20) have the same diameter.

4. The infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable positioning unit includes a second motor (29) installed on the top of the swing block (22). The output end of the second motor (29) is connected to an adjustment arm (28). The bottom of the swing block (22) is provided with a fourth transmission bevel gear (25) located below the adjustment arm (28). The bottom of the adjustment arm (28) is rotatably connected to a second connecting rod (26) via a bearing. The two ends of the second connecting rod (26) are respectively equipped with a fifth transmission bevel gear (27) and a sixth transmission bevel gear (33). The end of the adjustment arm (28) away from the swing block (22) is rotatably connected to a positioning block (31) via a rotating shaft. The bottom end of the rotating shaft connecting the positioning block (31) and the adjustment arm (28) is provided with a seventh transmission bevel gear (34).

5. The infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sixth transmission bevel gear (33) and the fifth transmission bevel gear (27) mesh with the seventh transmission bevel gear (34) and the fourth transmission bevel gear (25), respectively.

6. The infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sixth transmission bevel gear (33) and the fifth transmission bevel gear (27) are arranged side by side along the transverse central axis of the second connecting rod (26).

7. The infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adaptive counterweight includes a turntable (10) installed at both ends of the movable shaft (9). A locking pin (11) is installed at the end of the turntable (10) away from the movable shaft (9). A straight groove guide rail (32) is movably sleeved on the outside of the locking pin (11). An extension rod (16) is installed on the outer wall of the straight groove guide rail (32). A limit block (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning plate (3). The extension rod (16) extends from one side of the limit block (12) to the other side of the limit block (12). A counterweight block (13) is installed at the end of the extension rod (16) away from the straight groove guide rail (32). A limit groove (15) is provided at the bottom of the positioning plate (3) on one side of the limit block (12). A slider (14) is provided at the top of the counterweight block (13) and is slidably connected to the limit groove (15).

8. The infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner side of the limiting block (12) is provided with a through hole that matches the extension rod (16).

9. The infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The center of the locking pin (11) is misaligned with the center of the turntable (10). The length of the straight groove guide rail (32) is greater than the diameter of the turntable (10). The diameter of the locking pin (11) is equal to the inner width of the straight groove guide rail (32).

10. A method for detecting the deterioration state of ceramic insulators using infrared spectroscopy, characterized in that, The infrared spectroscopy porcelain insulator degradation state detection device according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1: First, install the infrared spectrometer body (4) under the drone using the mounting bracket (1). Then, the drone flies safely along the line and hovers at a fixed point next to the insulator, so that the side of the positioning plate (3) close to the positioning frame (5) faces the porcelain insulator to be tested. S2: Start the first motor (6). The operation of the first motor (6) causes the worm gear (7) to drive the worm wheel (8) to rotate, thereby causing the movable shaft (9) and the worm wheel (8) to rotate synchronously. At this time, the movable shaft (9) will drive the extension frame (24) to swing, thereby causing the extension frame (24) to rotate clockwise relative to the positioning frame (5). During this process, the first transmission bevel gear (17) revolves around the center of the bevel gear ring (18). At the same time, the first transmission bevel gear (17) and the bevel gear ring (18) rotate around the center of the bevel gear ring (18). Under the meshing action of the gear ring (18), the first transmission bevel gear (17) rotates, which causes the first connecting rod (19) and the second transmission bevel gear (20) to rotate. At this time, the second transmission bevel gear (20) will cause the connecting shaft (23) to rotate relative to the extension frame (24) by pushing the third transmission bevel gear (21). This causes the swing block (22) to rotate counterclockwise relative to the extension frame (24), so that the detection probe (30) always faces the porcelain insulator during the rotation. S3: When the extension frame (24) rotates 180 degrees relative to the positioning frame (5), the swing block (22) rotates 180 degrees relative to the extension frame (24), so that the detection probe (30) can extend from below the drone to one side of the drone, thereby realizing the extension of the detection probe (30); S4: The adaptive counterweight operates by rotating the movable shaft (9), and the weight balance on both sides of the positioning plate (3) is maintained by the operation of the adaptive counterweight. S5: Start the active positioning unit to fine-tune the position of the detection probe (30), and then start the infrared spectrometer body (4). Through the operation of the infrared spectrometer body (4) and the detection probe (30), infrared spectral signals are collected for the key areas of the porcelain insulator skirt, porcelain column and hardware connection. By comparing the differences in infrared characteristic spectra between the intact insulator and the old insulator in service, the shift, peak intensity change and peak broadening law of the characteristic absorption peaks of functional groups such as silicon-oxygen bond, hydroxyl, and water of crystallization are analyzed.

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