Apparatus and method for detecting a foot line based on machine vision

Abstract

This invention discloses a device and method for lead wire inspection based on machine vision. The device includes an outer frame, inside which an inner multi-roller type cable tray is installed. A rotary drive component is mounted on one outer wall of the inner multi-roller type cable tray, and an active cable feeding roller is mounted on the output shaft of the rotary drive component. A lifting-type driven cable feeding assembly is installed inside the inner multi-roller type cable tray below the active cable feeding roller. A reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module is mounted on the top of the inner multi-roller type cable tray. This invention feeds PE insulated lead wires to the inner multi-roller type cable tray and performs visual inspection by a ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly when the lead wires are stationary. This allows a CCD camera to capture images in a static state, thereby obtaining clear and stable images. This not only improves the accuracy of inspection but also reduces the probability of false alarms and missed alarms, ensuring the reliability of lead wire product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of PE lead wire extrusion inspection technology, specifically to a machine vision-based lead wire inspection device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of electronic detonators, the lead wire coating process is crucial. The lead wire is a key component connecting the internal circuitry of the electron tube to the external power supply. It is typically made of copper wire, and the main purpose of coating it is to protect this copper wire from short circuits, malfunctions, or safety hazards caused by environmental factors (such as moisture, corrosion, and mechanical wear) during use. To ensure the integrity of the coating and prevent copper wire exposure, real-time inspection using a CCD machine vision system is essential. This system captures images of the lead wire using a high-brightness LED light source and a high-resolution CCD camera. The image processing unit then performs noise reduction, contrast enhancement, and edge detection to ensure accurate inspection. A defect detection algorithm identifies the integrity of the coating, promptly detecting exposed copper wire or uneven coating. Once a defect is detected, the system immediately issues an alarm and can be linked to the production equipment to automatically adjust process parameters or pause the production line, ensuring timely resolution of the problem. For example, the extrusion production equipment and method for insulating PE lead wire disclosed in application publication number CN119348107A includes a spiral extruder body, a first feeding bin installed on the top of the spiral extruder body, a multi-directional jetting component installed on the first rotating bin, and a synchronous liquid spraying component installed on the side connecting frame. This invention, by setting up the synchronous liquid spraying component, allows the air-blocking plug to lose its obstruction of the top of the L-shaped jetting chamber when airflow is ejected from the L-shaped connecting pipe. At this time, the airflow passes through the L-shaped connecting pipe and is finally ejected from the L-shaped jetting chamber, where water is sprayed onto the already solidified extruded wire surface for further cooling, achieving orderly air cooling and water cooling. The above technical solution requires visual inspection of the cooled and extruded insulating PE lead wire. However, during visual inspection, the extruded detonator PE lead wire is in a continuous winding state at a fast winding speed. At this time, the shutter speed of the CCD camera is difficult to match with the winding speed, resulting in ghosting or blurring in the image. This phenomenon not only affects the clarity of the captured images but also makes it difficult to detect defects on the surface of the lead wire. Furthermore, the freshly processed PE lead wire still retains residual heat during the cooling process. This residual heat causes changes in the temperature of the surrounding air, resulting in the refraction of hot air. The refraction of hot air causes the light path to bend, thus forming afterimages and distortions in the CCD camera image. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable in high-temperature environments, especially when the lead wire has just come out of the extruder, where the temperature is high and the refraction effect is more pronounced. This makes the originally clear edges in the image blurry and also affects the accuracy of defect detection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for lead wire inspection based on machine vision. A rotary drive and an active wire feeding roller deliver the processed and pre-cooled PE insulated lead wire to the inner multi-roller type wire guide, so that the PE insulated lead wire passes through the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly and is finally connected to the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly. The cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly winds the lead wire intermittently, while the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly performs visual inspection when the lead wire stops, thereby avoiding image ghosting and blurring caused by excessive winding speed. Furthermore, a reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module is set in front of the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly to eliminate hot air refraction, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for detecting leg lines based on machine vision, comprising: The outer frame has an inner multi-roller cable tray installed inside it. A rotary drive is installed on one outer wall of the inner multi-roller cable tray. An active cable feed roller is installed on the output shaft of the rotary drive. A lifting driven cable feed assembly is installed inside the inner multi-roller cable tray below the active cable feed roller. A reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module is installed at the top of the inner multi-roller cable tray. The rear tailstock is fixed to the rear of the outer frame, and a ring-shaped illumination multi-directional vision inspection assembly is provided on the outer wall of the rear tailstock near the outer frame. A cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly is installed on one side inside the rear tailstock. One end of the active wire feed roller extends through to the outside of the inner multi-roller wire guide and is provided with a pulley drive assembly for driving the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module and the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly. A PLC control panel electrically connected to the input end of the rotary drive and the lifting driven wire feed assembly is installed on one side of the outer frame surface.

[0005] Preferably, the rotary drive component is a stepper motor, the output shaft of which is fixedly connected to one end of the active wire feeding roller via a coupling, and the input end of the stepper motor is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC control panel.

[0006] Preferably, the lifting driven wire feeding assembly includes a Z-axis cylinder mounted on the inner wall of one side of the inner multi-roller wire feeding frame, a roller seat fixed to the top of the piston rod of the Z-axis cylinder, and a steel roller rotatably mounted on the outer wall of one side of the roller seat, the steel roller being located below the active wire feeding roller.

[0007] Preferably, a hollow platform is fixed on one side of the top of the inner multi-roller wire guide, and the hollow platform is provided with wire holes for the wires to pass through and slide, and the height of the central axis of the wire holes is higher than the height of the central axis of the steel rollers.

[0008] Preferably, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module includes two supports fixed to the top of the inner multi-roller cable tray, a primary driven shaft rotatably mounted on the top of one of the supports, a disc cam fixed at one end of the primary driven shaft, and guide members fixed on the opposite outer walls of the two supports. A carriage is slidably mounted on one end of the surface of the guide member, and a protruding pin is mounted on one outer wall of the carriage. The end of the protruding pin extends into the groove of the disc cam. The other end of the primary driven shaft is poweredly connected to the active cable feed roller through a pulley drive assembly.

[0009] Preferably, two connecting beams are fixed on the outer walls of the two carriages that are close to each other, and cooling fans are installed at the top of the two connecting beams. The input end of the cooling fan is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC control panel.

[0010] Preferably, the pulley drive assembly includes a drive shaft rotatably mounted on one side of the outer wall of one of the supports, a secondary synchronous belt drive structure installed between the drive shaft and the primary driven shaft, and a primary synchronous belt drive structure installed between the drive feed roller and the drive shaft. The other end of the primary driven shaft is also equipped with a tertiary synchronous belt drive structure for driving the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the cam-intermittent stop-type take-up assembly includes a winding roller rotatably mounted inside one side of the tailstock, an X-shaped shift fork fixed at one end of the winding roller, and a secondary driven shaft rotatably mounted on the outer wall of one side of the tailstock. A grooved cam is fixed at one end of the surface of the secondary driven shaft, and a circular protrusion is fixed on the back of the corner of the X-shaped shift fork. The grooved cam drives the X-shaped shift fork and the winding roller to rotate through the circular protrusion. The secondary driven shaft and the primary driven shaft transmit power through a three-stage synchronous belt drive structure.

[0012] Preferably, the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly includes a support ring fixed on one side of the rear tailstock, a double-sloping wall support cylinder installed on the outer wall of the support ring near the inner multi-roller cable tray, and LED light strips installed on the top and bottom walls of the double-sloping wall support cylinder. The input end of the LED light strip is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC control panel. Four equally spaced CCD cameras are installed at the edge of the outer wall of the support ring near the inner multi-roller cable tray. The output end of the CCD cameras is electrically connected to the input end of the PLC control panel. An adjustable anti-jump cable tray assembly is also provided inside the rear tailstock on one side of the winding roller to reduce the slippage of the cable along the Z-axis.

[0013] The present invention also provides a machine vision-based method for detecting lead lines, as described above in the machine vision-based apparatus for detecting lead lines, comprising the following steps: S101: Pass the completed and initially cooled PE insulated lead wire through the active wire feeding roller and the lifting driven wire feeding assembly, gradually leading the PE insulated lead wire into the inner multi-roller wire guide, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module, and the ring-lit multi-directional vision inspection assembly, and finally connect the PE insulated lead wire to the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly, ensuring that the end of the PE insulated lead wire is initially and stably wound around the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly. Debug the PLC control panel, set appropriate parameters according to production requirements, including wire feeding speed, detection frequency, and winding speed, and ensure normal communication between the PLC control panel and each component for real-time control. S102: The rotary drive is started via the PLC control panel. The rotational power of the rotary drive is first transmitted to the active wire feeding roller, and the active wire feeding roller also transmits the rotational power of the rotary drive to the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module and the cam intermittent stop winding assembly through the pulley drive assembly. Since the active wire feeding roller continuously feeds the wire, while the cam intermittent stop winding assembly winds the wire intermittently, there is a speed difference between the two. Therefore, the wire will accumulate to a certain extent in the inner multi-roller type wire guide frame. S103: During the inspection of PE insulation lead wires, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module in front of the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly continuously blows cold air to reduce the temperature of the inspection area. The camera in the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly automatically captures images of the lead wires. The ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly uses image processing algorithms to analyze the lead wires, including detecting the integrity of the insulation layer, surface defects, and color deviations. If the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly identifies a defect, the staff must monitor the feedback from the PLC control panel in a timely manner, mark the defect, and record the relevant data. S104: After visual inspection is completed, the lead wire is continuously wound up by the cam intermittent stop-and-rewind assembly so that the lead wire can smoothly enter the winding stage after passing the inspection, until the entire lead wire has completed the inspection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This machine vision-based device and method for lead wire inspection utilizes a structure comprising a reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module, a ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly, and a cam-intermittent pause-type winding assembly, among other mutually cooperating components. A rotary drive and an active wire feeding roller deliver the processed and pre-cooled PE insulated lead wire to the inner multi-roller type wire guide. The PE insulated lead wire passes through the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly and ultimately connects to the cam-intermittent pause-type winding assembly. The cam-intermittent pause-type winding assembly intermittently winds the lead wire, while the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly performs visual inspection when the lead wire is paused. This avoids image ghosting and blurring caused by excessively fast winding speeds. By delivering the PE insulated lead wire to the inner multi-roller type wire guide and performing visual inspection by the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly when the lead wire is paused, the CCD camera can capture images in a static state, thus obtaining clear and stable images. This not only improves the accuracy of inspection but also reduces the probability of false alarms and missed alarms, ensuring the quality of lead wire products. The system offers several advantages. First, it ensures high reliability. Second, by installing a reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module in front of the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module effectively eliminates the phenomenon of hot air refraction. By continuously blowing cold air, the module lowers the temperature around the lead wire, reducing image distortion caused by hot air refraction, and further helps the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly obtain clear and stable images. Furthermore, since the lead wire stops for inspection at the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly, rework and downtime due to non-compliance are avoided. Simultaneously, the use of a cam-intermittent stop-type winding assembly allows for automatic winding immediately after inspection, reducing idle time during production and improving overall production efficiency. Finally, the operating frequency of the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module, the winding speed of the cam-intermittent stop-type winding assembly, and the feeding speed of the active wire feed roller are directly proportional. By adjusting the winding speed, inspection parameters, and cooling air velocity, the device can adapt to the production of lead wires of different specifications and materials, significantly reducing reliance on manual inspection, reducing labor costs, and improving the objectivity and consistency of inspection. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 4 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner multi-roller cable tray according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cam-intermittent pause-type winding assembly according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision detection system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable anti-jump wiring assembly according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Outer frame; 2. Inner multi-roller cable tray; 201. Hollow platform; 202. Cable hole; 3. Active cable feed roller; 4. Rotary drive component; 5. Reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module; 501. Support; 502. First-stage driven shaft; 503. Disc cam; 504. Guide component; 505. Slide carriage; 506. Pin; 507. Connecting beam; 508. Cooling fan; 6. Rear tailstock; 7. Lifting driven cable feed assembly; 701. Z-axis cylinder; 702. Roller seat; 703. Steel roller; 8. Cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly. 801. Winding roller; 802. Secondary driven shaft; 803. X-type shift fork; 804. Grooved cam; 9. Ring-shaped illumination multi-directional vision inspection assembly; 901. Support ring; 902. Double inclined wall support cylinder; 903. LED light strip; 904. CCD camera; 10. Pulley drive assembly; 1001. Primary synchronous belt drive structure; 1002. Drive shaft; 1003. Secondary synchronous belt drive structure; 1004. Tertiary synchronous belt drive structure; 11. PLC control panel; 12. Adjustable anti-jump cable routing assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1, by Figures 1 to 6The present invention includes an outer frame 1, an inner multi-roller cable tray 2 is installed inside the outer frame 1, a rotary drive 4 is installed on one outer wall of the inner multi-roller cable tray 2, an active cable feed roller 3 is installed on the output shaft of the rotary drive 4, and a lifting driven cable feed assembly 7 is installed inside the inner multi-roller cable tray 2 below the active cable feed roller 3. A reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module 5 is installed at the top of the inner multi-roller cable tray 2. The rear tail frame 6 is fixed to the tail of the outer frame 1. A ring-shaped lighting multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 is provided on the outer wall of the rear tail frame 6 near the outer frame 1. A cam intermittent stop type winding assembly 8 is installed on one side inside the rear tail frame 6. One end of the active wire feeding roller 3 extends through to the outside of the inner multi-roller type wire feeding frame 2 and is provided with a pulley drive assembly 10 for driving the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module 5 and the cam intermittent stop type winding assembly 8. A PLC control panel 11 is installed on one side of the surface of the outer frame 1 and is electrically connected to the input end of the rotary drive component 4 and the lifting driven wire feeding assembly 7. The rotary drive component 4 uses a stepper motor. The output shaft of the stepper motor is fixedly connected to one end of the active wire feeding roller 3 through a coupling. The input end of the stepper motor is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC control panel 11. The stepper motor provides rotational power for the pulley drive assembly 10, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module 5, and the cam intermittent stop winding assembly 8. By providing stable power output, the uniformity of the production process is ensured, and product quality problems caused by power fluctuations are reduced. The lifting-type driven wire feeding assembly 7 includes a Z-axis cylinder 701 mounted on the inner wall of one side of the inner multi-roller wire feeding frame 2, a roller seat 702 fixed to the top of the piston rod of the Z-axis cylinder 701, and a steel roller 703 rotatably mounted on the outer wall of one side of the roller seat 702. The steel roller 703 is located below the active wire feeding roller 3. The lead wire passes between the active wire feeding roller 3 and the lifting-type driven wire feeding assembly 7, that is, the lead wire is located between the active wire feeding roller 3 and the steel roller 703. The operator controls the Z-axis cylinder 701 through the PLC control panel 11. In operation, the Z-axis cylinder 701 drives the roller seat 702 and steel roller 703 to move upward until the lead wire is pressed by the steel roller 703 and the active wire feeding roller 3. At this time, the lifting driven wire feeding assembly 7 adjusts the wire feeding height and contact force according to different specifications of PE insulated lead wire to ensure the stability and smoothness of the wire during the wire feeding process. When the active wire feeding roller 3 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive component 4, the active wire feeding roller 3 and steel roller 703 push the wire forward through friction to ensure that the wire is fed into the subsequent process at a stable speed. The inner multi-roller cable tray 2 forms a stable cable routing channel through the arrangement of multiple rollers, reducing friction and damage to the cable. This guides and stabilizes the PE insulated lead wire fed by the active cable feed roller 3 and the lifting driven cable feed assembly 7. A hollow platform 201 is fixed on one side of the top of the inner multi-roller cable tray 2, and the interior of the hollow platform 201 is provided with a wire hole 202 for the lead wire to pass through and slide. The height of the central axis of the wire hole 202 is higher than the height of the central axis of the steel roller 703. The lead wire passes through the wire hole 202 of the hollow platform 201 and passes through the ring-shaped illumination multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 to connect to the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly 8. The setting of the hollow platform 201 and the wire hole 202 effectively avoids the twisting and knotting of the cable during the cable routing process, ensures the smooth flow of the cable, and reduces the shaking of the lead wire at the ring-shaped illumination multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9.

[0019] This embodiment of a machine vision-based method for detecting hem lines, as described above with the machine vision-based device for detecting hem lines, includes the following steps: S101: Pass the completed and initially cooled PE insulated lead wire through the active wire feeding roller 3 and the lifting driven wire feeding assembly 7, gradually guiding the PE insulated lead wire into the inner multi-roller wire guide 2, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module 5, and the ring-shaped lighting multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9, and finally connect the PE insulated lead wire to the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly 8, ensuring that the end of the PE insulated lead wire is initially and stably wound around the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly 8, and debug the PLC control panel 11. According to the production requirements, set appropriate parameters, including wire feeding speed, detection frequency and winding speed, to ensure normal communication between the PLC control panel 11 and each component for real-time control. S102: The rotary drive 4 is started through the PLC control panel 11. The rotational power of the rotary drive 4 is first transmitted to the active wire feeding roller 3. The active wire feeding roller 3 also transmits the rotational power of the rotary drive 4 to the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module 5 and the cam intermittent stop winding assembly 8 through the pulley drive assembly 10. Since the active wire feeding roller 3 continuously feeds the wire, while the cam intermittent stop winding assembly 8 winds the wire intermittently, there is a speed difference between the two. Therefore, the wire will accumulate to a certain extent in the inner multi-roller type wire guide 2. S103: During the PE insulation lead wire inspection process, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module 5 in front of the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 continuously blows cold air to reduce the temperature of the inspection area. The camera in the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 automatically captures images of the lead wire. The ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 uses image processing algorithms to analyze the lead wire, including detecting the integrity of the insulation layer, surface defects, and color deviation. If the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 identifies a defect, the staff needs to monitor the feedback of the PLC control panel 11 in a timely manner, mark the defect, and record the relevant data. S104: After visual inspection is completed, the lead wire is continuously wound up by the cam intermittent stop-and-rewind assembly 8 so that the lead wire can smoothly enter the winding stage after passing the inspection, until the entire lead wire has completed the inspection.

[0020] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module 5 includes two supports 501 fixed to the top of the inner multi-roller cable tray 2, a first-stage driven shaft 502 rotatably mounted on the top of one of the supports 501, a disc cam 503 fixed at one end of the first-stage driven shaft 502, and guide members 504 fixed on the opposite outer walls of the two supports 501. A slide 505 is slidably mounted on one end of the surface of the guide member 504. A protruding pin 506 is mounted on one side of the outer wall of the slide 505. The end of the protruding pin 506 extends into the groove of the disc cam 503. The other end of the first-stage driven shaft 502 is poweredly connected to the active cable feed roller 3 through the pulley drive assembly 10. Two connecting beams 507 are fixed on the outer walls of the two slides 505 that are close to each other. A cooling fan 508 is mounted on the top of the two connecting beams 507. The input end of the cooling fan 508 is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC control panel 11. When the active feed roller 3 rotates, it drives the first-stage driven shaft 502 and the disc cam 503 in the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module 5 to rotate through the pulley drive assembly 10. Since the end of the convex pin 506 is located in the groove of the disc cam 503, the rotational motion of the disc cam 503 is converted into the X-axis reciprocating linear sliding motion of the slide 505, the connecting beam 507, and the cooling fan 508 through the convex pin 506. During this process, the slide 505 guides the reciprocating sliding motion of the slide 505. At this time, the reciprocating movement of the cooling fan 508 makes the airflow form a more uniform distribution around the lead wire. Compared with a stationary fan, the reciprocating motion can make the air form a stronger convection in the detection area, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency and reducing the dead corners that may occur during the lead wire heat dissipation process, so as to eliminate the interference of hot air on the image. The pulley drive assembly 10 includes a drive shaft 1002 rotatably mounted on one side of the outer wall of one of the supports 501, a secondary synchronous belt drive structure 1003 installed between the drive shaft 1002 and the primary driven shaft 502, and a primary synchronous belt drive structure 1001 installed between the drive roller 3 and the drive shaft 1002. The other end of the primary driven shaft 502 is also equipped with a tertiary synchronous belt drive structure 1004 for driving the cam intermittent stop winding assembly 8. The drive roller 3 drives the drive shaft 1002 to rotate using the primary synchronous belt drive structure 1001, and the drive shaft 1002 drives the primary driven shaft 502 to rotate through the secondary synchronous belt drive structure 1003, so that the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module 5 receives the rotational power from the drive roller 3 and the rotary drive component 4.

[0021] Example 3, based on Example 2, by Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 The cam-intermittent stop-type take-up assembly 8 includes a winding roller 801 rotatably mounted inside one side of the tailstock 6, an X-shaped shift fork 803 fixed at one end of the winding roller 801, and a secondary driven shaft 802 rotatably mounted on the outer wall of one side of the tailstock 6. A grooved cam 804 is fixed at one end of the surface of the secondary driven shaft 802, and a circular protrusion is fixed on the back of the corner of the X-shaped shift fork 803. The grooved cam 804 drives the X-shaped shift fork 803 and the winding roller 801 to rotate through the circular protrusion. The secondary driven shaft 802 and the primary driven shaft 502 are powered by a three-stage synchronous belt drive structure 1004. The primary driven shaft 502 drives the secondary driven shaft 802 to rotate through the three-stage synchronous belt drive structure 1004, so that the cam-intermittent stop-type take-up assembly 8, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module 5, and the active wire feed roller 3 share the rotational power from the rotary drive component 4. During the transmission of rotational power by the pulley drive assembly 10, the primary driven shaft 502 drives the secondary driven shaft 802 and the grooved cam 804 to rotate via the pulley drive assembly 10. During the rotation of the grooved cam 804, since the protruding corner of the back of the X-shaped shift fork 803 is located in the groove of the grooved cam 804, the grooved cam 804 will move the X-shaped shift fork 803 and the winding roller 801 to rotate during the rotation, so as to realize the intermittent winding action of the winding roller 801. During the period when the winding roller 801 stops winding, the ring-shaped illumination multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 performs vision inspection. When the X-shaped shift fork 803 and the winding roller 801 are driven to rotate by the grooved cam 804, the winding action will continue. The cam mechanism can achieve precise stop and winding control, and ensure that the tension and speed of the wire are moderate during the winding process, avoiding the situation of being too loose or too tight. The ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 includes a support ring 901 fixed to one side of the outer wall of the rear tailstock 6, a double-inclined wall support cylinder 902 installed on the outer wall of the support ring 901 near the inner multi-roller cable tray 2, and LED light strips 903 installed on the top and bottom walls of the double-inclined wall support cylinder 902. The input end of the LED light strip 903 is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC control panel 11. Four equally spaced CCD cameras 904 are installed at the edge of the outer wall of the support ring 901 near the inner multi-roller cable tray 2. The output end of the CCD cameras 904 is electrically connected to the input end of the PLC control panel 11. The lead wire in section 2 is illuminated by LED light strip 903. The light strip 903 illuminates the lead wire, and because the LED light strip 903 is set on the sloping wall of the double-sloping support cylinder 902, it produces diffuse reflection on the defects on the lead wire surface. The intact rubber-coated surface shows a uniform gray value, while the defective area causes a sudden change in reflection intensity due to material loss, which facilitates the CCD camera 904 to take pictures and compare images. The setting of multiple CCD cameras 904 can detect the product in real time from multiple angles, quickly identify defects, ensure product quality, and ensure that the PE insulated lead wire image can be clearly captured from different angles through the upper and lower ring LED light strips 903. An adjustable anti-jump cable guide assembly 12 is also provided inside the rear tailstock 6 on one side of the winding roller 801 to reduce the slippage of the lead cable along the Z-axis. The lead cable led out from the support ring 901 will be guided by the adjustable anti-jump cable guide assembly 12 and then wound up by the winding roller 801. At this time, the adjustable anti-jump cable guide assembly 12 assists the movement of the lead cable and reduces the jump of the lead cable in the Z-axis direction to reduce the swaying of the lead cable during winding.

[0022] In this embodiment, the process begins by checking the rotary drive 4 for proper operation to ensure smooth drive of the wire feeding roller. Next, the friction coefficient and rotational flexibility of the active wire feeding roller 3 are checked to ensure stable wire feeding. The height adjustment function of the lifting driven wire feeding assembly 7 is also confirmed to accommodate different specifications of PE insulated leads. The worker then passes the pre-cooled, completed PE insulated leads between the active wire feeding roller 3 and the lifting driven wire feeding assembly 7, gradually guiding them into the inner multi-roller wire guide 2, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module 5, and the ring-lit multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9. Finally, the PE insulated leads are connected to the cam-intermittent stop-type winding assembly 8, ensuring the end of the PE insulated leads is initially and stably wound around the cam-intermittent stop-type winding assembly 8. Next, the worker debugs the PLC control panel 11, setting appropriate parameters according to production requirements, including wire feeding speed, detection frequency, and winding speed, ensuring normal communication between the PLC control panel 11 and each component for real-time control. After the device inspection and debugging are completed, the worker uses the PLC control panel 11... After the production process is started and the device is activated, the rotary drive component 4 will begin to work. The rotational power of the rotary drive component 4 is first transmitted to the active wire feeding roller 3, which then synchronously transmits the rotational power of the rotary drive component 4 through the pulley drive assembly 10 to the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module 5 and the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly 8. Subsequently, the active wire feeding roller 3 and the lifting driven wire feeding assembly 7 feed the PE insulated lead wire into the inner multi-roller type wire guide 2. At this time, the operator needs to closely monitor the wire feeding process to ensure that the lead wire is fed in smoothly and to avoid knotting or twisting. Before the lead wire enters the inner multi-roller wire guide 2, the operator needs to adjust the function of the lifting driven wire feeding assembly 7 according to the specifications of the lead wire to assist the active wire feeding roller 3 and the inner multi-roller wire guide 2 in effectively guiding the lead wire, reducing friction and damage, and ensuring the stability of the lead wire throughout the production process. Since the active wire feeding roller 3 continuously feeds the wire, while the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly 8 winds the wire intermittently, there is a speed difference between the two. Therefore, the lead wire will accumulate to a certain extent in the inner multi-roller wire guide 2, thereby reducing the swaying and deviation of the lead wire in the ring illumination multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9.During the inspection of PE insulated lead wires, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module 5 in front of the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 continuously blows cold air to reduce the temperature of the inspection area and eliminate the interference of hot air on the image. After the lead wire enters the inspection area of ​​the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9, the camera in the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 automatically captures the image of the lead wire. The operator must ensure that the camera's focus and exposure settings are correct to obtain a clear image. At this time, the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 uses image processing algorithms to analyze the lead wire, including detecting the integrity of the insulation layer, surface defects, and color deviation. If the ring-illuminated multi-directional vision inspection assembly 9 identifies a defect, the operator must promptly monitor the feedback from the PLC control panel 11, mark the defect, and record the relevant data. After the visual inspection is completed, the lead wire is continuously wound by the cam intermittent stop-and-rewind assembly 8 so that the lead wire can smoothly enter the winding stage after passing the inspection. During the winding process, the operator must continuously monitor the winding tension and speed to ensure that it is not too loose or too tight until the entire lead wire has been inspected.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An apparatus for detecting a foot line based on machine vision, characterized by comprising: include: An outer frame (1) is provided with an inner multi-roller cable tray (2) installed inside the outer frame (1). A rotary drive (4) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the inner multi-roller cable tray (2). An active wire feeding roller (3) is installed on the output shaft of the rotary drive (4). A lifting driven wire feeding assembly (7) is installed inside the inner multi-roller cable tray (2) below the active wire feeding roller (3). A reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module (5) is installed at the top of the inner multi-roller cable tray (2). The rear tail frame (6) is fixed to the tail of the outer frame (1), and a ring-shaped lighting multi-directional vision inspection assembly (9) is provided on the outer wall of the rear tail frame (6) near the outer frame (1). A cam intermittent stop type winding assembly (8) is installed on one side inside the rear tail frame (6). One end of the active wire feeding roller (3) extends through to the outside of the inner multi-roller type wire feeding frame (2) and is provided with a pulley drive assembly (10) for driving the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module (5) and the cam intermittent stop type winding assembly (8). A PLC control panel (11) is installed on one side of the surface of the outer frame (1) and is electrically connected to the input end of the rotary drive component (4) and the lifting driven wire feeding assembly (7).

2. The apparatus for detecting a foot line based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized by: The rotary drive (4) is a stepper motor. The output shaft of the stepper motor is fixedly connected to one end of the active wire feeding roller (3) through a coupling. The input end of the stepper motor is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC control panel (11).

3. The apparatus for detecting a foot line based on machine vision according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting driven wire feeding assembly (7) includes a Z-axis cylinder (701) installed on the inner wall of one side of the inner multi-roller wire feeding frame (2), a roller seat (702) fixed at the top of the piston rod of the Z-axis cylinder (701), and a steel roller (703) rotatably installed on the outer wall of one side of the roller seat (702). The steel roller (703) is located below the active wire feeding roller (3).

4. The apparatus for detecting a foot line based on machine vision according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hollow platform (201) is fixed on one side of the top of the inner multi-roller type cable tray (2), and the hollow platform (201) is provided with a wire hole (202) for the wire to pass through and slide. The height of the central axis of the wire hole (202) is higher than the height of the central axis of the steel roller (703).

5. The apparatus for detecting a foot line based on machine vision according to claim 2, characterized by: The reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module (5) includes two supports (501) fixed at the top of the inner multi-roller cable tray (2), a first-stage driven shaft (502) rotatably mounted on the top of one of the supports (501), a disc cam (503) fixed at one end of the first-stage driven shaft (502), and guide members (504) fixed on the opposite outer walls of the two supports (501). A slide (505) is slidably mounted on one end of the surface of the guide member (504), and a protruding pin (506) is mounted on one side of the outer wall of the slide (505). The end of the protruding pin (506) extends into the groove of the disc cam (503). The other end of the first-stage driven shaft (502) is poweredly connected to the active cable feed roller (3) through a pulley drive assembly (10).

6. The apparatus for detecting a foot line based on machine vision according to claim 5, wherein: Two connecting beams (507) are fixed on the outer walls of the two carriages (505) that are close to each other. A cooling fan (508) is installed on the top of the two connecting beams (507). The input end of the cooling fan (508) is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC control panel (11).

7. The apparatus for detecting a foot line based on machine vision according to claim 5, wherein: The pulley drive assembly (10) includes a drive shaft (1002) rotatably mounted on one side of the outer wall of one of the supports (501), a secondary synchronous belt drive structure (1003) installed between the drive shaft (1002) and the primary driven shaft (502), and a primary synchronous belt drive structure (1001) installed between the drive feed roller (3) and the drive shaft (1002). The other end of the primary driven shaft (502) is also equipped with a tertiary synchronous belt drive structure (1004) for driving the cam intermittent stop winding assembly (8).

8. The device for detecting lead wires based on machine vision according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cam intermittent stop type winding assembly (8) includes a winding roller (801) rotatably mounted inside one side of the tailstock (6), an X-shaped shift fork (803) fixed at one end of the winding roller (801), and a secondary driven shaft (802) rotatably mounted on the outer wall of one side of the tailstock (6). A grooved cam (804) is fixed at one end of the surface of the secondary driven shaft (802). A circular protrusion is fixed on the back of the corner of the X-shaped shift fork (803). The grooved cam (804) drives the X-shaped shift fork (803) and the winding roller (801) to rotate through the circular protrusion. The secondary driven shaft (802) and the primary driven shaft (502) transmit power through a three-stage synchronous belt drive structure (1004).

9. The device for detecting lead wires based on machine vision according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ring-shaped illumination multi-directional vision inspection assembly (9) includes a support ring (901) fixed on one side of the outer wall of the tailstock (6), a double inclined wall support cylinder (902) installed on the outer wall of the support ring (901) near the inner multi-roller cable tray (2), and LED light strips (903) installed on the top and bottom walls of the double inclined wall support cylinder (902). The input end of the LED light strip (903) is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC control panel (11). Four equally spaced CCD cameras (904) are installed at the edge of the outer wall of the support ring (901) near the inner multi-roller cable tray (2). The output end of the CCD camera (904) is electrically connected to the input end of the PLC control panel (11). An adjustable anti-jump cable tray assembly (12) for reducing the slippage of the Z-axis of the cable is also provided inside the tailstock (6) on one side of the winding roller (801).

10. A machine vision-based method for detecting leg lines, comprising the machine vision-based apparatus for detecting leg lines as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S101: Pass the completed and initially cooled PE insulated lead wire through the active wire feeding roller (3) and the lifting driven wire feeding assembly (7), and gradually introduce the PE insulated lead wire into the inner multi-roller type wire guide (2), the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module (5), and the ring-shaped lighting multi-directional vision inspection assembly (9), and finally connect the PE insulated lead wire to the cam intermittent stop type winding assembly (8), ensuring that the end of the PE insulated lead wire is initially and stably wound on the cam intermittent stop type winding assembly (8), and debug the PLC control panel (11). According to the production requirements, set appropriate parameters, including wire feeding speed, detection frequency and winding speed, to ensure that the communication between the PLC control panel (11) and each component is normal so as to achieve real-time control. S102: Start the rotary drive (4) through the PLC control panel (11). The rotational power of the rotary drive (4) is first transmitted to the active wire feeding roller (3), and the active wire feeding roller (3) also transmits the rotational power of the rotary drive (4) to the reciprocating dynamic air-cooled module (5) and the cam intermittent stop winding assembly (8) through the pulley drive assembly (10). Since the active wire feeding roller (3) continuously feeds the wire, while the cam intermittent stop winding assembly (8) winds the wire intermittently, there is a speed difference between the two. Therefore, the wire will accumulate in the inner multi-roller wire rack (2). S103: During the PE insulation lead wire inspection process, the reciprocating dynamic air-cooling module (5) in front of the ring-lit multi-directional vision inspection assembly (9) continuously blows cold air to reduce the temperature of the inspection area. The camera in the ring-lit multi-directional vision inspection assembly (9) automatically captures the image of the lead wire. The ring-lit multi-directional vision inspection assembly (9) uses image processing algorithms to analyze the lead wire, including detecting the integrity of the insulation layer, surface defects, and color deviation. If the ring-lit multi-directional vision inspection assembly (9) identifies a defect, the staff needs to monitor the feedback of the PLC control panel (11) in a timely manner, mark the defect and record the relevant data. S104: After visual inspection is completed, the lead wire is continuously wound by the cam intermittent stop-type winding assembly (8) so that the lead wire can smoothly enter the winding stage after passing the inspection, until the entire lead wire is inspected.

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