Penetration parameter measuring device

Abstract

This application relates to a needle-type parameter measuring device, comprising a support structure, a drilling structure, and a detection structure. The drilling structure is mounted on the support structure and includes a drill bit assembly. The drill bit assembly is movably disposed relative to the support structure to extend into or withdraw from the soil to be measured. The detection structure includes a detection element installed within the drill bit assembly and having a detection end. The drill bit assembly has multiple detection windows distributed at different axial positions on its outer periphery for extending into the soil to be measured. The detection element is movably disposed along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly so that the detection end corresponds to the detection windows at different axial positions of the drill bit assembly. The detection end can protrude or retract from the detection windows. This solution addresses the problem in related technologies where soil environmental testing devices require frequent adjustments to the drilling depth of the drill bit assembly when testing different soil depths, which can easily damage the soil interior and affect the testing effect and accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of soil comprehensive parameter detection technology, and in particular to a needle-type parameter measuring device. Background Technology

[0002] For engineering construction, soil conditions are an important indicator that needs to be considered, especially in loess weathering areas. On-site construction personnel need to have a comprehensive understanding of parameters such as the degree of loess weathering and need to measure the comprehensive parameters of the loess in the construction area according to different engineering construction requirements.

[0003] Regarding soil testing, a soil environment testing device is mentioned in the relevant technology. It can first insert the testing structure into the soil to be tested through the drill bit assembly, and then extend the probe to test the internal environment of the soil to obtain comprehensive parameters such as humidity, temperature, and weathering degree of the soil at a certain depth.

[0004] However, the drill bit assembly and the detection structure of common soil environmental testing devices usually operate synchronously. When measuring soil conditions at different depths, it is necessary to frequently adjust the depth of the drill bit assembly into the soil, which can easily damage the soil interior and affect the detection effect and accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a needle-type parameter measuring device to address the problem that soil environmental testing devices in related technologies require frequent adjustment of the drilling depth of the drill bit assembly when testing different soil depths, which can easily damage the soil interior and affect the testing effect and accuracy.

[0006] In one embodiment, a needle-type parameter measuring device is provided, the needle-type parameter measuring device comprising:

[0007] A support structure for setting up in the soil to be tested;

[0008] A drilling structure is mounted on a support structure. The drilling structure includes a drill bit assembly that is movably mounted relative to the support structure to extend into or withdraw from the soil to be tested.

[0009] The detection structure includes a detection element installed within a drill bit assembly and having a detection end. The drill bit assembly is used to extend into the outer periphery of the soil to be tested and has multiple detection windows distributed at different positions along its axial direction. The detection element is movably arranged along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly so that the detection end corresponds to the detection windows at different positions along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly. The position of the detection end in the radial direction of the drill bit assembly is adjustable to protrude or retract from the corresponding detection window.

[0010] In one embodiment, there are multiple detection elements distributed along the circumference of the drill bit assembly. The drill bit assembly has multiple detection windows at different positions along the axial direction of the outer periphery of the soil to be tested, and the multiple detection windows correspond one-to-one with the multiple detection elements.

[0011] In one embodiment, the detection element uses electromagnetic wave detection. Any one of the detection ends can be used as a transmitter and a receiver. When the needle-type parameter measuring device performs the detection, multiple detection elements protrude from the corresponding detection window and extend into the soil to be measured. Multiple detection ends are used as transmitters in sequence. When one of the detection ends is a transmitter, the other detection ends are used as receivers.

[0012] In one embodiment, the drill bit assembly includes an inner cylinder and a drill bit disposed at the end of the inner cylinder, a detection element disposed inside the inner cylinder, a detection window formed on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder, and the detection structure further includes:

[0013] The detection box is movably disposed inside the inner cylinder along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly. The detection box is anti-rotatingly engaged with the inner cylinder. The detection element is disposed on the detection box. The detection box is used to control the movement of the detection end.

[0014] The guide rod is rotatably inserted into the inner cylinder, passes through the detection box, and is threadedly connected to the detection box.

[0015] The first drive assembly is connected to the guide rod drive.

[0016] In one embodiment, the detection element includes:

[0017] A magnetic fastener is installed on the detection box;

[0018] A magnetically movable component is slidably disposed on the detection box. The magnetically movable component is disposed radially along the drill bit assembly on the side of the magnetically fixed component near the detection window. The detection box is used to cause at least one of the magnetically fixed component and the magnetically movable component to acquire or lose magnetic attraction.

[0019] The detection probe is located on the side of the magnetic movable part near the detection window, and the end of the detection probe near the detection window forms the detection end;

[0020] The first elastic element is disposed between the magnetic fixing element and the magnetic moving element.

[0021] In one embodiment, the detection element further includes:

[0022] A protective cover is provided to protect the detection needle and has a through-hole for the detection needle to pass through.

[0023] The second elastic element connects the protective cover to the magnetically attached movable element.

[0024] In one embodiment, the detection structure further includes:

[0025] A depth sensor is mounted on the detection box to obtain the detection depth at the detection end;

[0026] A pressure sensor is installed at the detection end to obtain the pressure applied to that end.

[0027] In one embodiment, the drill assembly includes an inner cylinder and a drill bit disposed at the end of the inner cylinder, and the drilling structure further includes:

[0028] The outer cylinder is fixedly mounted on the support structure, and the inner cylinder is at least partially installed inside the outer cylinder and threadedly connected to the outer cylinder.

[0029] In one embodiment, the drilling structure further includes a second drive assembly, and the outer cylinder includes:

[0030] The first cylindrical section is fixedly mounted on the support structure, and the inner cylinder passes through the first cylindrical section and is threadedly connected to the first cylindrical section.

[0031] The second cylinder section is located on the side of the first cylinder section away from the soil to be measured and is rotatably set relative to the first cylinder section. One end of the inner cylinder is slidably inserted into the second cylinder section and is anti-rotatingly engaged with the second cylinder section. The second drive assembly is drivenly connected to the second cylinder section.

[0032] In one embodiment, the drilling structure also includes a baffle, and a baffle is provided at each detection window. The baffle is used to open and close the corresponding detection window.

[0033] The needle-type parameter measuring device also includes a control system, which is communicatively connected to the baffle, drilling structure, and detection structure.

[0034] Before testing the soil, the aforementioned needle-type parameter measuring device first sets up a support structure at the location of the soil to be tested. This facilitates the installation and positioning of the drilling and detection structures, and provides stable support for both structures, preventing significant vibrations and shifts during testing that could affect accuracy and effectiveness. During soil testing, the drill bit assembly first inserts into the soil. Then, the position of the detection element within the assembly is adjusted so that the detection end aligns with the detection window at the desired depth. Finally, the detection end extends from the detection window and inserts into the soil, achieving needle-type testing. After testing, the detection end is retracted. If further testing at other depths is required, the adjustment of the detection structure is repeated. Once all tests are completed, the drill bit assembly is withdrawn from the soil. The detection structure in this application can perform stratified detection of the soil to be tested by moving its relative to the drill bit assembly and by having detection windows distributed at different positions on the outer periphery of the drill bit assembly. Compared with related technologies where the detection structure and the drill bit assembly always move synchronously and the depth of the drill bit assembly into the soil needs to be frequently adjusted to achieve stratified detection of the soil to be tested at different depths, this application can significantly reduce the adjustment of the drill bit assembly. This is beneficial to reduce the damage to the soil to be tested by the drill bit assembly and the impact on the detection effect and accuracy while achieving stratified detection. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a needle-type parameter measuring device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the drilling structure of a needle-type parameter measuring device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the detection structure of a needle-type parameter measuring device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the control system of a needle-type parameter measuring device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 10. Support structure; 11. I-beam; 1101. Power supply interface; 12. Supporting pole;

[0041] 20. Drilling structure; 21. Drill bit assembly; 211. Inner cylinder; 2111. Third cylinder section; 2112. Fourth cylinder section; 212. Drill bit assembly; 2101. Detection window; 22. Outer cylinder; 221. First cylinder section; 222. Second cylinder section; 23. Second drive assembly;

[0042] 30. Detection structure; 31. Detection component; 3101. Detection end; 311. Magnetic fixing component; 312. Magnetic moving component; 313. Detection needle; 314. First elastic component; 315. Protective cover; 316. Second elastic component; 32. Detection box; 33. Guide rod; 34. First drive assembly; 35. Depth sensor; 36. Pressure sensor;

[0043] 40. Control system; 41. Control box; 411. Drilling button; 412. Parameter display window; 413. Detection button; 414. Signal transmission interface; 415. Printer communication interface; 421. Power management circuit; 422. Parameter display circuit; 423. First drive circuit; 424. Second drive circuit; 425. Signal transmitting and receiving circuit; 426. Pressure and depth detection circuit; 427. Electromagnetic drive circuit; 43. Control MCU; 44. Power switch. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0046] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0049] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0050] See Figures 1 to 3 This application includes a needle-type parameter measuring device, which includes a support structure 10, a drilling structure 20, and a detection structure 30. The support structure 10 is used to set on the soil to be measured. The drilling structure 20 is set on the support structure 10 and includes a drill bit assembly 21. The drill bit assembly 21 is movably arranged relative to the support structure 10 to extend into or withdraw from the soil to be measured. The detection structure 30 includes a detection element 31 installed in the drill bit assembly 21 and having a detection end 3101. The outer periphery of the drill bit assembly 21, which is used to extend into the soil to be measured, has multiple detection windows 2101 distributed at different positions along its axial direction. The detection element 31 is movably arranged along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly 21 so that the detection end 3101 corresponds to the detection windows 2101 at different positions along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly 21. The position of the detection end 3101 in the radial direction of the drill bit assembly 21 is adjustable to protrude or retract from the corresponding detection window 2101.

[0051] Before soil testing, the support structure 10 is first positioned at the location of the soil to be tested. This facilitates the installation and positioning of the drilling structure 20 and the detection structure 30. The support structure 10 provides stable support for the drilling structure 20 and the detection structure 30, preventing significant vibrations and shifts during testing that could affect the accuracy and effectiveness of the tests. During soil testing, the drill bit assembly 21 is first inserted into the soil. Then, the position of the detection element 31 within the drill bit assembly 21 is adjusted so that the detection end is aligned with the detection window 2101 at the desired depth. Finally, the detection end extends out of the detection window 2101 and is inserted into the soil, achieving a needle-type test of the soil. After the test is completed, the detection end is retracted. If further testing at other depths is required, the adjustment of the detection structure 30 is repeated. Once all tests are completed, the drill bit assembly 21 is withdrawn from the soil. The detection structure 30 in this application can perform stratified detection of the soil to be tested by moving relative to the drill bit assembly 21 and by using detection windows 2101 distributed at different positions on the outer periphery of the drill bit assembly 21. Compared with related technologies where the detection structure 30 and the drill bit assembly 21 always move synchronously and the depth of the drill bit assembly 21 into the soil needs to be frequently adjusted to achieve stratified detection of the soil to be tested at different depths, this application can significantly reduce the adjustment of the drill bit assembly 21. This is beneficial to reduce the damage to the soil to be tested and the impact on the detection effect and accuracy of the drill bit assembly 21 while achieving stratified detection.

[0052] It is understood that the number and distribution of the detection elements 31 can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual situation. Preferably, in some embodiments, there are multiple detection elements 31, which are distributed circumferentially along the drill bit assembly 21. The drill bit assembly 21 has multiple detection windows 2101 at different positions along its axial direction on the outer periphery of the soil to be measured, and each detection window 2101 corresponds one-to-one with a multiple detection element 31. This configuration allows for the acquisition of soil parameters at the same depth in different circumferential directions by using multiple detection elements 31. This facilitates improved detection accuracy and anti-interference capabilities through data fusion, effectively eliminating problems such as inaccurate or incomplete detection that may occur with single-point or unidirectional detection. Furthermore, comparing the differences in detection data in different directions is more conducive to identifying soil heterogeneity and distribution, further improving detection accuracy and effectiveness. Preferably, in Figure 1 and Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, there are 4 detection elements 31, which are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference of the drill bit assembly 21. The length of any detection window 2101 is 20mm and the width is 10mm.

[0053] It is understood that the detection method and detection principle of the detection element 31 can be adapted to the actual situation. Preferably, in some embodiments, the detection element 31 uses electromagnetic wave detection, and any one of the detection ends 3101 can be used as a transmitter and receiver. When the needle-type parameter measuring device performs detection, multiple detection elements 31 protrude from the corresponding detection window 2101 and extend into the soil to be measured. Multiple detection ends 3101 are used as transmitters in sequence. When one of the detection ends 3101 is a transmitter, the other detection ends 3101 are used as receivers. In this embodiment, each detection end 3101 has both electromagnetic wave emission and reception functions. The center lines of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the emission ends of the four detection elements 31 are located in the same plane and any two adjacent ones are perpendicular to each other. When one detection end 3101 acts as an emission end, the electromagnetic waves it emits can form a fan-shaped acoustic wave network. The other detection ends 3101, acting as reception ends, are used to receive the electromagnetic wave signals. Due to the influence of the transmission distance of the electromagnetic waves towards different reception ends and the blocking effect of the soil on the transmitted electromagnetic waves, the different detection ends 3101 receiving the electromagnetic wave signals will receive different signals. The electromagnetic wave signals are not completely the same or different, thus obtaining parameters such as electromagnetic wave velocity and attenuation coefficient in the soil at the current depth, which is beneficial to obtaining parameters such as weathering degree. Taking loess as an example, loess with different weathering degrees will lead to different electromagnetic wave propagation speeds. Loess subjected to load vibration will change the phase of electromagnetic wave propagation. The magnitude of loess moisture value will affect the electromagnetic wave propagation amplitude. By inserting the detection end 3101 into the loess through the detection window 2101, electromagnetic waves are emitted and received. After data analysis and processing, the propagation speed, phase, and amplitude changes of electromagnetic waves are obtained. Based on this, any one of the detection ends 3101 is used as a transmitter to perform an electromagnetic wave detection. By combining all the electromagnetic wave measurement data, more accurate detection data can be obtained. Compared with the traditional dual-needle method, in which one needle end is used as the transmitter and the other as the receiver for quantitative measurement, this measurement method constructs multiple fan-shaped covering acoustic networks to realize two-dimensional acoustic CT imaging of the surrounding soil. This is beneficial for accurately locating local anomalies such as cavities and isolated rocks and delineating the stratigraphic interface. At the same time, the mutual verification of multiple fan-shaped covering acoustic networks helps to suppress occasional errors caused by soil anisotropy or poor contact. This provides a high-resolution in-situ testing method for the fine evaluation of heterogeneous foundations such as loess, improving the accuracy and reliability of detection.

[0054] exist Figure 2 and Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, the drill assembly 21 includes an inner cylinder 211 and a drill bit 212 disposed at the end of the inner cylinder 211. A detection element 31 is disposed inside the inner cylinder 211, and a detection window 2101 is formed on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 211. This arrangement facilitates the storage of the detection element 31 by the drill assembly 21, avoiding any impact on the detection element 31 during drilling into the soil, thus affecting the detection results. Preferably, the extension direction of the detection element 31 is parallel to the radial direction of the inner cylinder 211. A layer of detection windows 2101 is provided on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 211 10 mm from its connection point with the drill bit 212, and then a layer of detection windows 2101 is provided upwards every 20 mm.

[0055] Specifically, the detection structure 30 also includes a detection box 32, a guide rod 33, and a first drive assembly 34. The detection box 32 is movably disposed inside the inner cylinder 211 along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly 21. The detection box 32 is anti-rotationally engaged with the inner cylinder 211. The detection element 31 is disposed on the detection box 32. The detection box 32 is used to control the movement of the detection end 3101. The guide rod 33 is rotatably disposed inside the inner cylinder 211. The guide rod 33 passes through the detection box 32 and is threadedly connected to the detection box 32. The first drive assembly 34 is drivenly connected to the guide rod 33. In this embodiment, the detection box 32 serves as a support for multiple detection elements 31. Synchronous adjustment of the multiple detection elements 31 can be achieved by adjusting the position of the detection box 32. Specifically, when it is necessary to adjust the axial position of the detection element 31 in the inner cylinder 211, it is only necessary to activate the first drive assembly 34 to rotate the guide rod 33. Combined with the threaded connection between the guide rod 33 and the detection box 32, and the anti-rotation engagement between the detection box 32 and the inner cylinder 211, the detection box 32 will drive the multiple detection elements 31 mounted on it to move together within the inner cylinder 211 along its axial direction, improving the convenience of adjustment. Furthermore, the movement control of the detection end 3101 via the detection box 32 improves control convenience and facilitates synchronous control of multiple detection ends 3101. On the other hand, it also helps reduce the design and manufacturing costs of the detection elements 31.

[0056] Understandably, the anti-rotation fit between the inner cylinder 211 and the detection box 32 can be adaptively designed according to actual conditions, such as in... Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the inner cylinder 211 is a cylindrical body, and the detection box 32 is a rectangular box. In this embodiment, the inner wall of the inner cylinder 211 may have a groove extending along its axial direction. The detection box 32 is respectively limited and installed in a corresponding groove around the four edges of the axis of the inner cylinder 211. The groove can realize the sliding guidance of the detection box 32 and limit the rotation of the detection box 32 relative to the inner cylinder 211, so as to realize the anti-rotation fit between the inner cylinder 211 and the detection box 32. The multi-groove design further improves the anti-rotation and limiting effect.

[0057] exist Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, the detection element 31 includes a magnetic fixing element 311, a magnetic moving element 312, a detection needle 313, and a first elastic element 314. The magnetic fixing element 311 is disposed on the detection box 32. The magnetic moving element 312 is slidably disposed on the detection box 32 and is disposed radially along the drill bit assembly 21 on the side of the magnetic fixing element 311 near the detection window 2101. The detection box 32 is used to allow at least one of the magnetic fixing element 311 and the magnetic moving element 312 to gain or lose magnetic attraction. The detection needle 313 is disposed on the side of the magnetic moving element 312 near the detection window 2101, and one end of the detection needle 313 near the detection window 2101 forms a detection end 3101. The first elastic element 314 is disposed between the magnetic fixing element 311 and the magnetic moving element 312.

[0058] In this embodiment, the reciprocating movement control of the magnetically attached movable part 312 and the detection needle 313 mounted thereon is achieved through the magnetic attraction between the magnetically attached fixing part 311 and the magnetically attached movable part 312, as well as the elastic action of the first elastic member 314, thereby improving the convenience of operation. Preferably, the control principle of the detection box 32 in this embodiment for the acquisition and loss of magnetic attraction is to control the relative magnetic coil to be de-energized or energized, so that at least one of the magnetically attached fixing part 311 and the magnetically attached movable part 312 can generate magnetic attraction. When the detection needle 313 does not need to extend, the detection box 32 controls the magnetic coil to be energized, and the magnetically attached fixing part 311 and the magnetically attached movable part 312 are attracted together, and the first elastic member 314 is compressed. When the detection needle 313 needs to extend, the detection box 32 controls the magnetic coil to be de-energized, and the magnetic attraction effect between the magnetically attached movable part 312 and the magnetically attached fixing part 311 disappears. Under the elastic action of the first elastic member 314, the magnetically attached movable part 312 moves away from the magnetically attached fixing part 311. The first elastic element 314 is a spring, and the magnetic fixing element 311 has an opening groove on the side facing the magnetic moving element 312, and the spring is installed in the opening groove.

[0059] Furthermore, the detection element 31 also includes a protective cover 315 and a second elastic element 316. The protective cover 315 protects the detection needle 313 and has a through hole for the detection needle 313 to pass through. The protective cover 315 is connected to the magnetically movable element 312 via the second elastic element 316. This arrangement can avoid problems such as damage to the detection needle 313 that affect the detection. In this embodiment, the end of the protective cover 315 away from the through hole can also protect the magnetically movable element 312, thereby protecting the magnetically movable element 312. When the detection needle 313 does not need to be extended, the protective cover 315 and the magnetically movable element 312 are relatively fixed. During the process of extending the detection needle 313, the two will move synchronously. The protective cover 315 will abut against the inner wall of the inner cylinder 211 during the movement. At this time, the magnetically movable element 312 continues to move relative to the protective cover 315.

[0060] The detection component 31 also includes a depth sensor 35 and a pressure sensor 36. The depth sensor 35 is mounted on the detection box 32 to obtain the detection depth of the detection end 3101; the pressure sensor 36 is mounted on the detection end 3101 to obtain the pressure applied to the detection end 3101. This configuration helps to improve the comprehensiveness of the detection.

[0061] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the drilling structure 20 further includes an outer cylinder 22, which is fixedly mounted on the support structure 10. The inner cylinder 211 is at least partially installed inside the outer cylinder 22 and threadedly connected to it. This configuration, combined with the threaded connection between the inner cylinder 211 and the outer cylinder 22 and the fixed mounting of the outer cylinder 22, allows for convenient adjustment of the position of the inner cylinder 211 relative to the outer cylinder 22 simply by rotating the inner cylinder 211.

[0062] Specifically, the drilling structure 20 also includes a second drive assembly 23. The outer cylinder 22 includes a first cylinder section 221 and a second cylinder section 222. The first cylinder section 221 is fixedly mounted on the support structure 10. The inner cylinder 211 passes through the first cylinder section 221 and is threadedly connected to the first cylinder section 221. The second cylinder section 222 is located on the side of the first cylinder section 221 away from the soil to be measured and is rotatably mounted relative to the first cylinder section 221. One end of the inner cylinder 211 is slidably mounted inside the second cylinder section 222 and is anti-rotationally engaged with the second cylinder section 222. The second drive assembly 23 is drivenly connected to the second cylinder section 222.

[0063] In this embodiment, the inner cylinder 211 includes a third cylinder section 2111 and a fourth cylinder section 2112. The first cylinder section 221 and the third cylinder section 2111 are threaded together, and the second cylinder section 222 and the fourth cylinder section 2112 are anti-rotationally fitted. The anti-rotationally fitted design of the second cylinder section 222 and the fourth cylinder section 2112 adopts a regular hexagonal fit, that is, the mating surfaces of the two are adapted regular hexagonal cylindrical surfaces. It can be understood that the radial dimension of the threaded connection surface of the first cylinder section 221 and the third cylinder section 2111 is greater than the maximum radial dimension of the regular hexagonal cylindrical surface, so as to ensure that the fourth cylinder section 2112 can slide within the first cylinder section 221. When drilling into the soil to be tested is required, the operator only needs to activate the second drive assembly 23 to rotate the second cylinder section 222. The engagement of the second cylinder section 222 with the fourth cylinder section 2112 drives the inner cylinder 211 to rotate. The threaded connection between the first and third cylinder sections 221 and 2111 causes the inner cylinder 211 to move relative to the outer cylinder 22 and drill into the soil to be tested. Conversely, simply rotating the second cylinder section 222 in the opposite direction is sufficient. Preferably, a limiting structure can be provided to prevent the second cylinder section 222 and the fourth cylinder section 2112 from completely separating.

[0064] In some embodiments, the drilling structure 20 further includes a baffle, with a baffle corresponding to each detection window 2101. The baffle is used to open and close the corresponding detection window 2101. This arrangement can prevent soil from entering the inner cylinder 211 through the detection window 2101 during the process of the drill bit assembly 21 extending into the soil to be tested, which is beneficial to protecting the detection structure 30 and ensuring the detection effect.

[0065] It is understandable that the opening and closing design of the baffle can be adapted to the actual situation. For example, in some embodiments, it can be hinged at the detection window 2101 and has elastic reset capability. It can be opened by the detection needle 313 and can automatically rotate and reset to close the detection window 2101 after the detection needle 313 retracts. In other embodiments, it is a sliding baffle that is slidably disposed on the inner cylinder 211, which can slide to cover or avoid the detection window 2101.

[0066] Among them, in such Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the support structure 10 includes an I-beam 11 and a support column 12. The drilling structure 20 is installed at the center of the I-beam. A support column 12 is provided below any end of the I-beam 11 to ensure the reliability and stability of the support.

[0067] It should be noted that the needle-type parameter measuring device in this embodiment also includes a control system 40, which is communicatively connected to the baffle, the drilling structure 20, and the detection structure 30. Specifically, the control system 40 is communicatively connected to the baffle, the second drive component 23 of the drilling structure 20, the first drive component 34 of the detection structure 30, and the detection box 32 of the detection structure 30, so as to facilitate the operator's automated control of drilling and detection and improve the convenience of operation.

[0068] Specifically, in Figure 1 and Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, the I-beam 11 is provided with a power supply interface 1101. The control system 40 can be installed on the top of the drilling structure 20 and connected to the working power supply through the power supply interface 1101. The control system 40 includes a control box 41 and a power switch 44, a control MCU 43, and a control circuit disposed within the control box 41. The first drive assembly 34 and the second drive assembly 23 can both be disposed within the control box 41. The control circuit includes a power management circuit 421, a parameter display circuit 422, a first drive circuit 423, a second drive circuit 424, a signal transmission and reception circuit 425, a pressure depth detection circuit 426, an electromagnetic drive circuit 427, etc. The surface of the control box 41 has a drilling button 411, a parameter display window 412, a detection button 413, a print communication interface 415, and a signal transmission interface 414, as well as a power switch 44 and a power management circuit 421. 1. Power supply control; Parameter display circuit 422 receives detection data and displays it in parameter display window 412; Drilling button 411 and second drive circuit 424 control the start and stop of second drive component 23; Detection button 413 and first drive circuit 423 control the start and stop of first drive component 34; Detection button 413, signal transmitting and receiving circuit 425, and signal transmission interface 414 control the detection end 3101 to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves; Detection button 413, electromagnetic drive circuit 427, and signal transmission interface 414 control the energization and de-energization of the electromagnetic coil by the detection box 32; Pressure and depth detection circuit 426 communicates with pressure sensor 36 and depth sensor 35 through signal transmission interface 414; Control MCU 43 receives, analyzes, processes, and records signals to control the operation, initialization, and status recording of the above circuits. The communication connections between the various circuits within the control system 40 and the baffle, drilling structure 20, and detection structure 30 can be achieved through communication cables or wireless control, etc., without specific limitations.

[0069] In summary, this application provides a needle-type parameter measuring device. The soil to be measured is loess. Based on the fact that loess with different degrees of weathering will have different electromagnetic wave propagation speeds, the vibration of loess under load will change the phase of electromagnetic wave propagation, and the magnitude of loess moisture will affect the amplitude of electromagnetic wave propagation. By inserting the detection needle 313 into the loess through the detection window 2101, electromagnetic waves are emitted and received. The propagation speed, phase, and amplitude changes of electromagnetic waves are obtained through data analysis and processing. The pressure sensor 36 on the detection needle 313 detects the changes in loess stress. The control system 40 comprehensively analyzes the changes in electromagnetic wave propagation speed, phase, amplitude, and loess stress to obtain parameters such as the degree of loess weathering, load vibration, and moisture value. Taking the detection of loess along heavy-haul railway tracks as an example, the target layer is loess with a high degree of weathering at the edge of the roadbed, which is selected as the soil to be tested. The needle-type parameter measuring device is positioned perpendicular to the interface to be measured, the support pole 12 is placed stably, and the power supply is connected to the power interface. The control system 40 issues a "drill" command, causing the drill bit assembly 21 to drill into the loess. The detection box 32 is adjusted to the specified depth via the guide rod 33 (the detection box 32 is initially located at the bottom of the third section 2111 by default). Then, the control system 40 issues a "detect" command, and the detection box 32 rises to the detection window 2101, extending four detection needles 313 to measure parameters such as vibration and moisture. At the same time, the pressure sensor 36 detects the pressure magnitude. The detection data is transmitted to the control system 40 via a transmission cable for unified analysis. The corresponding degree of weathering is retrieved according to the predefined numerical classification table. The degree of weathering and the measured vibration parameters are analyzed together to obtain the final accurate vibration data. If multiple depths need to be measured, the four detection needles 313 can be retracted, and the detection box 32 can be raised to the specified depth via the guide rod 33, after which the above operation is repeated. The depth can be confirmed by the depth sensor 35. Finally, the data can be directly observed through the control system 40, and a data list can be printed out through the printing interface for easy comparison of results. The needle-type parameter measuring device provided in this application has two working modes: one is the automatic detection mode in which the working parameters are set and the detection is started through the printing communication interface 415; the other is the manual detection mode in which the drilling depth is controlled by the drilling button 411, and the parameter detection box 32 is moved and the detection is performed by the detection button 413.

[0070] In one specific embodiment, the measurement step includes:

[0071] S1: After receiving the "drill" command, the control MCU43 uses the second drive circuit 424 and the second drive component 23 to rotate the second section 222 of the outer cylinder 22, thereby driving the drill bit assembly 21 to drill into the soil to be measured.

[0072] S2: Control MCU43 stops drilling when it detects that the drilling has reached the required depth or when the drilling button 411 is released by the depth sensor 35.

[0073] S3: When the MCU43 detects that the number of soil layers for which the parameter to be measured is not 0 or detects that the detection button 413 is pressed, the electromagnetic coils in the detection box 32 are de-energized through the electromagnetic drive circuit 427, the signal transmission interface 414, and the transmission cable. The first elastic element 314 causes the magnetic attraction movable element 312, the detection needle 313, and the protective cover 315 to move. The protective cover 315 and the detection needle 313 contact the inner wall of the third cylinder section 2111. Then, the guide rod 33 is rotated through the first drive circuit 423 and the first drive assembly 34 to control the detection box 32 to move upward (the initial state of the detection box 32 is at the bottom of the third cylinder section 2111 by default). During the upward movement of the detection box, the protective cover 315 or the detection needle 313 pushes open the baffle of the detection window 2101, and the detection needle 313 enters the soil layer to be measured through the detection window 2101.

[0074] S4: The control MCU43 controls the eastward detection needle 313 to emit 40KHz electromagnetic waves through the signal transmission and reception circuit 425. The south, west and northward detection needles 313 synchronously receive the electromagnetic waves and are detected by the control MCU43 after passing through the signal transmission and reception circuit 425.

[0075] S5: Repeat S4, and emit 40KHz electromagnetic waves from the south, west and north detection pins 313 in sequence. The other three detection pins 313 receive and detect the electromagnetic waves.

[0076] S6: Control MCU43 to measure the pressure of the soil layer on each detection needle 313 and the depth of the detection box 32 through pressure depth detection circuit 426, pressure sensor 36, and depth sensor 35;

[0077] S7: The control MCU43 energizes each electromagnetic coil in the detection box 32 through the electromagnetic drive circuit 427, signal transmission interface 414, and transmission cable. The magnetic moving part 312 and the magnetic fixing part 311 are attracted together, the detection needle 313 retracts into the inner cylinder 211 and the protective cover 315, and the baffle slides down to close the detection window 2101.

[0078] S8: If the MCU43 detects that the number of soil layers for the parameter to be measured is 0 or no detection button 413 is pressed within 10 seconds, the detection will be exited; otherwise, it will jump to S3.

[0079] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0080] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A needle penetration parameter measuring device, characterized by, The needle-type parameter measuring device includes: Support structure (10) is used to set up the soil to be tested; A drilling structure (20) is disposed on the support structure (10), the drilling structure (20) including a drill bit assembly (21) which is movably disposed relative to the support structure (10) to extend into or withdraw from the soil to be tested; The detection structure (30) includes a detection element (31) installed inside the drill bit assembly (21) and having a detection end (3101). The drill bit assembly (21) is for extending into the outer periphery of the soil to be tested and has multiple detection windows (2101) distributed at different positions along its axial direction. The detection element (31) is movably arranged along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly (21) so that the detection end (3101) corresponds to the detection windows (2101) at different positions along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly (21). The position of the detection end (3101) in the radial direction of the drill bit assembly (21) is adjustable to protrude or retract to correspond to the detection window (2101).

2. The needle-type parameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple detection elements (31), and the multiple detection elements (31) are distributed along the circumference of the drill bit assembly (21). The drill bit assembly (21) has multiple detection windows (2101) at different positions on the outer periphery of the soil to be tested in its axial direction. The multiple detection windows (2101) and the multiple detection elements (31) correspond one-to-one.

3. The needle-type parameter measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection element (31) uses electromagnetic wave detection. Any one of the detection ends (3101) can be used as a transmitter and receiver. When the needle-type parameter measuring device performs the test, multiple detection elements (31) protrude from the corresponding detection window (2101) and extend into the soil to be measured. Multiple detection ends (3101) are used as transmitters in sequence. When one of the detection ends (3101) is a transmitter, the other detection ends (3101) are used as receivers.

4. The needle-type parameter measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drill bit assembly (21) includes an inner cylinder (211) and a drill bit component (212) disposed at the end of the inner cylinder (211). The detection component (31) is disposed inside the inner cylinder (211), and the detection window (2101) is formed on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder (211). The detection structure (30) further includes: The detection box (32) is movably disposed inside the inner cylinder (211) along the axial direction of the drill bit assembly (21). The detection box (32) is anti-rotationally engaged with the inner cylinder (211). The detection element (31) is disposed on the detection box (32). The detection box (32) is used to control the movement of the detection end (3101). A guide rod (33) is rotatably inserted inside the inner cylinder (211), the guide rod (33) passes through the detection box (32) and is threadedly connected to the detection box (32); The first drive assembly (34) is driven to be connected to the guide rod (33).

5. The needle-type parameter measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection element (31) includes: A magnetic fastener (311) is disposed on the detection box (32); A magnetic attraction movable component (312) is slidably disposed on the detection box (32). The magnetic attraction movable component (312) is disposed radially along the drill bit assembly (21) on the side of the magnetic attraction fixing component (311) near the detection window (2101). The detection box (32) is used to enable at least one of the magnetic attraction fixing component (311) and the magnetic attraction movable component (312) to gain or lose magnetic attraction. The detection needle (313) is disposed on the side of the magnetic attraction member (312) near the detection window (2101), and the end of the detection needle (313) near the detection window (2101) forms the detection end (3101). The first elastic element (314) is disposed between the magnetic fixing element (311) and the magnetic moving element (312).

6. The needle-type parameter measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The detection element (31) also includes: A protective cover (315) is provided to protect the detection needle (313) and has a through hole for the detection needle (313) to pass through. The second elastic element (316) is used to transfer the protective cover (315) to the magnetically attached movable element (312).

7. The needle-type parameter measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection structure (30) further includes: A depth sensor (35) is disposed on the detection box (32) to obtain the detection depth of the detection end (3101); A pressure sensor (36) is disposed at the detection end (3101) to obtain the pressure applied to the detection end (3101).

8. The needle-type parameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit assembly (21) includes an inner cylinder (211) and a drill bit component (212) disposed at the end of the inner cylinder (211). The drilling structure (20) further includes: The outer cylinder (22) is fixedly mounted on the support structure (10), and the inner cylinder (211) is at least partially installed inside the outer cylinder (22) and threadedly connected to the outer cylinder (22).

9. The needle-type parameter measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drilling structure (20) further includes a second drive assembly (23), and the outer cylinder (22) includes: The first cylindrical section (221) is fixedly installed on the support structure (10), and the inner cylinder (211) passes through the first cylindrical section (221) and is threadedly connected to the first cylindrical section (221); The second cylinder section (222) is located on the side of the first cylinder section (221) away from the soil to be measured and is rotatably arranged relative to the first cylinder section (221). One end of the inner cylinder (211) is slidably inserted into the second cylinder section (222) and is anti-rotationally engaged with the second cylinder section (222). The second drive assembly (23) is drivenly connected to the second cylinder section (222).

10. The needle-type parameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling structure (20) also includes a baffle, and a baffle is provided at each of the detection windows (2101). The baffle is used to open and close the corresponding detection window (2101). The needle-type parameter measuring device also includes a control system (40), which is communicatively connected to the baffle, the drilling structure (20), and the detection structure (30).

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