Rail transit electromechanical construction multi-process collaborative operation scheduling method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of intelligent scheduling technology for rail transit, specifically to a method for collaborative scheduling of multiple electromechanical construction processes in rail transit. The method includes the following steps: S1: Collecting basic operation parameters for all electromechanical installation processes to be executed within the current construction section to generate an initial operation parameter set; S2: Based on the initial operation parameter set, performing pairwise interference calculations to identify process pairs with electromagnetic interference or resonance conflict risks, generating a constrained operation set; S3: Using the constrained operation set as input, and under the premise of satisfying process logic priorities, rearranging the operation sequence of all processes. This invention, by combining process logic constraints with electromagnetic and vibration physical field coupling constraints, achieves safe collaborative scheduling of multiple processes in the time and space dimensions, optimizing the overall construction period while avoiding physical field conflict risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent scheduling technology for rail transit, and in particular to a method for scheduling collaborative operations of multiple processes in rail transit electromechanical construction. Background Technology

[0002] In rail transit engineering, the installation and construction of electromechanical systems typically involves the coordinated installation of power supply and distribution systems, communication and signaling systems, ventilation and air conditioning systems, water supply and drainage systems, and various monitoring and control equipment. Due to limited space in the construction area, complex equipment types, and tight construction schedules, multiple processes often need to be carried out in parallel or overlapping operations within the same area. Existing construction scheduling methods mainly rely on the process logic relationships in the construction organization design to schedule time, using methods such as the critical path method or Gantt charts to determine the start and finish times of each process, focusing on process dependencies and schedule control. However, as rail transit electromechanical equipment develops towards higher power, precision, and intelligence, the electromagnetic field intensity and mechanical vibration frequency generated by different equipment during operation or trial operation at the construction site increase significantly. Furthermore, some precision instruments and control systems are highly sensitive to electromagnetic interference and vibration shocks, making it difficult to meet the requirements of construction safety and system stability by simply relying on process logic relationships for scheduling.

[0003] Existing technologies for construction scheduling typically neglect the physical field coupling effects between different processes, fail to systematically analyze the resonance risks caused by electromagnetic interference and structural vibration, and do not transform physical field conflicts into quantifiable temporal or spatial constraints. In actual construction, if multiple high-powered or vibrating devices operate concurrently in time and space, it may lead to malfunctions in precision equipment, signal distortion, structural fatigue, or even safety accidents, resulting in rework or project delays. Current scheduling methods lack computational models for electromagnetic interference intensity, vibration energy attenuation characteristics, and safety thresholds, making it impossible to automatically decide on spatial attitude adjustments or time-shifting measures based on conflict intensity, and also unable to achieve global project schedule optimization while satisfying physical field safety constraints. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a multi-process collaborative operation scheduling method that combines process logic constraints with physical field coupling constraints to achieve safe collaboration and efficient scheduling of multiple processes in the time and space dimensions during rail transit electromechanical construction, thereby solving the technical problems of unpredictable, unquantifiable, and unoptimizable physical field conflicts in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for scheduling collaborative operations of multiple processes in rail transit electromechanical construction.

[0005] A method for scheduling collaborative operations across multiple processes in rail transit electromechanical construction includes the following steps: S1: Collect basic operation parameters of all electromechanical installation procedures to be executed in the current construction section, including the process logic priority of the procedure, the required physical space coordinate range, and the electromagnetic field strength or vibration frequency characteristics generated by the equipment during operation, and generate an initial operation parameter set containing process logic information and physical field characteristics. S2: Based on the initial set of operation parameters, physical field feature information is used as a constraint condition. Pairwise interference calculations are performed on the processes that share the same physical space and do not have a process logic priority dependency relationship. Process pairs with electromagnetic interference or resonance conflict risk are marked, and a constraint set containing conflict marking information is generated. S3: Taking the constraint job set as input, insert a forced time interval or adjust the spatial job posture of the conflicting operations according to the conflict marking information. Under the premise of satisfying the process logic priority, rearrange the job sequence of all operations and output a collaborative job sequence chain that satisfies the process logic constraints and has no physical field conflict.

[0006] Optionally, S1 includes: directly extracting the process logic priority and required physical space coordinate range of each process from the building information model of the construction section; the process logic priority is encoded and assigned according to the preceding and following relationships in the construction organization design document, and the physical space coordinate range is defined by the bounding box of the three-dimensional model of the electromechanical equipment corresponding to the process and the redundancy of the operating space required for its installation.

[0007] Optionally, S1 further includes: for processes involving high-voltage electricity or precision instruments, by deploying electromagnetic field sensors or vibration accelerometers on the corresponding equipment, conducting on-site measurements during the no-load test or trial operation phase, collecting the electromagnetic field strength and vibration frequency characteristics generated during equipment operation, and forming a dataset of measured physical field characteristics.

[0008] Optionally, for processes that cannot be measured on-site, the electromagnetic compatibility parameters and natural vibration frequencies under rated operating conditions can be read from the technical specifications or industry standard database provided by the equipment supplier as the physical field characteristic information of the corresponding process.

[0009] Optionally, S2 includes: traversing all processes in the initial set of operation parameters, and selecting processes that are planned to be parallel or overlapped in time dimension and whose three-dimensional spatial coordinate ranges have an intersection or a spacing less than a preset safety distance threshold, based on the required physical space coordinate range of each process, to form a set of candidate interference process pairs.

[0010] Optionally, the process of performing pairwise interference calculations includes: Electromagnetic interference calculation: For the candidate interference process pair, extract the electromagnetic field strength characteristics of both parties, and calculate the electromagnetic interference intensity received by the other party at the operation position of one process according to the electromagnetic field spatial attenuation model; if the interference intensity exceeds the electromagnetic sensitivity threshold of the disturbed process, it is determined that there is an electromagnetic interference conflict in the process pair, and the interference direction and intensity margin are recorded. Resonance conflict calculation: For the candidate interference process pair, extract the vibration frequency characteristics of both parties, determine whether the main vibration frequencies of the two parties meet the frequency closeness condition, and at the same time assess whether the vibration energy level of the excitation process is sufficient to affect the disturbed process through structural coupling; if frequency coupling exists and energy transfer exceeds the allowable limit, it is determined that the process pair has a risk of resonance conflict.

[0011] Optionally, S2 further includes marking the process pairs determined to have conflicts in the electromagnetic interference calculation and resonance conflict calculation as physical field conflict process pairs, and adding conflict type labels, conflict intensity parameters and suggested isolation requirements to the corresponding process records to generate a constraint job set containing conflict marking information.

[0012] Optionally, S3 includes: traversing the conflicting process pairs in the constrained work set and making matching decisions based on the conflict type label and conflict intensity parameter; if the conflict type is electromagnetic interference and the interference intensity is within the shieldable range, then the spatial work posture is adjusted first, including changing the orientation angle of the interference source equipment, adding a temporary electromagnetic shielding device, or adjusting the orientation of the sensitive surface of the disturbed equipment; if the conflict type is resonant conflict or the electromagnetic interference intensity exceeds the upper limit of the shielding capability, then a forced time interval is inserted.

[0013] Optionally, for conflicting process pairs that require an insertion time interval, the minimum safe waiting time is calculated based on the physical field attenuation characteristics and process duration; specifically, for electromagnetic interference, the waiting time required for the interference to decrease to below the sensitivity threshold of the disturbed process is calculated based on the electromagnetic field time-domain attenuation curve; for resonant conflict, the interval time required for vibration energy to dissipate to a safe range is calculated based on the vibration amplitude attenuation time constant.

[0014] Optionally, S3 further includes: using the process logic priority in the initial operation parameter set as a hard constraint, globally rearranging the operation sequence of all operations to generate operation start time sequences and spatial operation posture parameters that satisfy multiple constraints; and encapsulating the operation start time sequences and spatial operation posture parameters, combined with the process logic information, physical space coordinate range and physical field characteristic information of each operation, into an executable operation plan containing timestamps, spatial coordinates and posture control instructions, as a collaborative operation sequence chain that satisfies process logic constraints and does not have physical field conflicts, and outputting it to the construction scheduling terminal.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention introduces physical field parameters such as electromagnetic field characteristics and vibration frequency characteristics into the traditional process logic scheduling model. It performs pairwise interference calculations on processes that share a space and overlap in time, enabling early identification of electromagnetic interference and resonance conflict risks during the construction planning stage. The conflict intensity is quantified into calculable constraint parameters. By constructing a conflict marking mechanism and constraint job sets, structured management of physical field conflicts is achieved. This ensures that the scheduling system not only meets process logic priority requirements but also physical field safety threshold requirements, effectively avoiding equipment malfunctions, structural damage, and rework risks caused by electromagnetic coupling or vibration amplification during construction, thus improving construction safety and system stability.

[0016] This invention optimizes the overall project duration by making decisions between spatial attitude adjustment and temporal peak isolation based on conflict type and intensity, and by combining critical path dynamic programming for global rescheduling, while satisfying multiple constraints. This method achieves synergistic optimization in the time and space dimensions, enabling multiple processes to operate safely in parallel within a limited construction space, reducing unnecessary waiting time and resource idleness, and improving construction efficiency and resource utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-process collaborative operation scheduling method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pairwise interference calculation process in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should also be noted that, to make the embodiments more comprehensive, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can use other alternative methods to implement some well-known technologies; moreover, the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments" in the specification indicates that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0021] Generally, terms can be understood at least partly from their use in context. For example, depending at least partly on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood not necessarily to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather, alternatively, depending at least partly on the context, to allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0022] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a method for scheduling collaborative operations across multiple processes in rail transit electromechanical construction includes the following steps: S1: Collect basic operation parameters of all electromechanical installation procedures to be executed in the current construction section, including the process logic priority of the procedure, the required physical space coordinate range, and the electromagnetic field strength or vibration frequency characteristics generated by the equipment during operation, and generate an initial operation parameter set containing process logic information and physical field characteristics. S11: In the electromechanical construction of rail transit, each process is not isolated. For example, cable tray installation must be completed after the support is fixed, precision instrument debugging must be completed after the power system is running stably, and fan installation must be completed after the equipment foundation is accepted. These relationships are clearly marked in the construction organization design document as: predecessor relationships, meaning they must be completed before each other; successor relationships, meaning they must be performed after each other. S11's task is to read the construction organization design document, extract the predecessor and successor relationships of each process, and convert these relationships into computable codes. In other words, each process has a position in the entire construction network, determined by its dependencies on other processes. The final process logic priority is not subjectively assigned, but rather calculated based on how many preceding processes it depends on, how many subsequent processes depend on it, and the weight of each dependency relationship. Specifically, the process logic priority is encoded and assigned according to the predecessor and successor relationships in the construction organization design document, using the following encoding expression: ,in, For the first The process logic priority value of each electromechanical installation procedure; This indicates the number of processes that are logically related to this process. For the first Weight coefficients for each logical relationship; For the first The first process and the first The logical relationship encoding value between related processes is 1 for immediate predecessor relationship, 1 for immediate successor relationship, and 0 for no direct relationship.

[0023] Each electromechanical process occupies a certain amount of physical space; for example, electrical cabinet installation occupies the space of the equipment itself, cable laying occupies the space of the path corridor, and hoisting of large equipment occupies the space for operation and rotation. The BIM model already contains the 3D model of each piece of equipment, the 3D path of each pipeline, and the location of structural components. Therefore, it is necessary to read the 3D model of the equipment from the BIM, then extract its minimum bounding box, and finally add the redundant space required for construction operations on the basis of the bounding box. The reason for adding redundancy is that construction is not zero-space installation; it is necessary to consider personnel operating space, tool swing space, hoisting swing space, and safety distance space. Therefore, the final physical space coordinate range is not the equipment itself, but the equipment itself + the redundancy of installation operations; its spatial range calculation expression is: ,in, For the first The physical space coordinate range of each process; For the first The minimum bounding box of the 3D model of the equipment corresponding to each process; The redundancy in operating space required for installation work; the three-dimensional bounding box Expressed as: ,in, Indicates the first The minimum and maximum coordinate values ​​of each process equipment in the X-axis direction; Indicates the first The minimum and maximum coordinate values ​​of each process equipment in the Y-axis direction; Indicates the first The minimum and maximum coordinate values ​​of the equipment in the Z-axis direction for each process are defined using the three-dimensional bounding box expansion method. Specifically, the minimum bounding box of the equipment model is first obtained, and then the model is expanded outwards at equal intervals along the X, Y, and Z directions. The expansion distance is determined according to construction specifications. The expansion is based on the minimum operating distance required by the equipment installation specifications, electromagnetic safety distance requirements, vibration isolation distance requirements, and construction safety regulations. The expanded three-dimensional spatial area represents the physical space occupied by that process.

[0024] S12: For processes that may generate strong electromagnetic fields or significant mechanical vibrations, obtain real physical field data through on-site testing. In rail transit electromechanical construction, some equipment has significant physical field effects, such as typical high-voltage electrical equipment, transformers, high-voltage cabinets, rectifier equipment, high-power drive motors, typical vibrating equipment, fans, water pumps, compressors, and electric actuators. These devices generate electromagnetic radiation, structural vibration, and ambient air vibration during operation. If multiple such processes are carried out or tested simultaneously in the same space, electromagnetic interference, malfunctions of precision instruments, structural resonance, and false alarms may occur. Therefore, design parameters alone are insufficient; measured data is required. When equipment is running, the electromagnetic field around it is constantly changing; the electromagnetic field strength is not a fixed value but fluctuates with time, load, and operating conditions. Therefore, a single instantaneous value cannot be simply chosen; an effective value must be used. The effective value represents the overall average intensity level of the electromagnetic field within a certain time window; that is, smoothing out electromagnetic field fluctuations over a period of time to obtain a stable representative value. This eliminates instantaneous spike interference while preserving the long-term true interference level. The electromagnetic field intensity is represented by the root mean square value in the time domain, and its calculation expression is as follows: ,in, For the first The effective value of electromagnetic field strength during the operation of equipment in each process; For the first Each device in time The instantaneous electromagnetic field intensity at a given moment; This represents the length of the sampling time window.

[0025] Vibration problems require more than just amplitude analysis; frequency is crucial. If the vibration frequencies of two devices are close to or near the structure's natural frequency, resonance amplification may occur. Therefore, what is measured is not simple vibration intensity, but the dominant vibration frequency—the frequency at which vibration energy is most concentrated. The dominant vibration frequency is obtained through spectral analysis, and its calculation expression is: ,in, For the first The main vibration frequency of the equipment in each process; For the first Each device in time The vibration acceleration signal at any given moment; This represents the Fourier transform operation; S12 is the spectral amplitude. It establishes a real physical field characteristic file for each process that may generate electromagnetic or vibration interference, which serves as a quantitative basis for subsequent interference judgment and collaborative scheduling rearrangement.

[0026] S13: The above S12 refers to on-site measurement; however, in actual construction, not all equipment has the conditions for on-site measurement. The following situations may exist: equipment has not yet arrived, cannot be tested independently, precision equipment is prohibited from premature operation, or equipment is supplied as a complete set by an external manufacturer, and disassembly for measurement is not permitted. In these cases, without physical field characteristic data, subsequent interferometry calculations cannot be performed, and the entire scheduling model will lack parameters. Therefore, for processes where on-site measurement is not possible, the electromagnetic compatibility parameters and natural vibration frequencies under rated operating conditions are retrieved from the technical specifications or industry standard databases provided by the equipment supplier as the physical field characteristic information for that process. The equipment supplier's technical specifications usually provide electromagnetic radiation power level, electromagnetic compatibility level, maximum radiation power, and field strength values ​​at standard test distances. These data are often level values, standard descriptions, or test results at a fixed distance. However, the scheduling model requires electromagnetic field strength at a unified reference distance because subsequent judgments on whether two devices interfere with each other require comparing the superposition of their field strengths under the same spatial distance conditions. Therefore, equivalent conversion is necessary. The equivalent electromagnetic field strength under rated operating conditions is calculated using the following formula: ,in, For the first Equivalent electromagnetic field strength of equipment under rated operating conditions in each process; For the first The rated electromagnetic radiation power of each device; For measuring reference distance. Vibration risk depends not only on vibration intensity; if the vibration frequencies of two devices are close to or near the natural frequencies of structural components, a resonance amplification effect may occur. The dangers of resonance lie in the potential amplification of small amplitudes, accelerated structural fatigue, increased errors in precision instruments, and increased noise; therefore, it is necessary to know the natural vibration frequency of each device. The natural vibration frequency is expressed by the following formula: ,in, For the first The inherent vibration frequency of each process equipment; For the first Equivalent stiffness of the equipment structure; : No. The equivalent mass of each piece of equipment. This step involves calculating the equivalent electromagnetic field strength and natural vibration frequency using the equipment's rated parameters and a standard database when on-site measurement is not possible. This ensures that all processes have calculable physical field characteristics, thereby guaranteeing the integrity of subsequent interference judgment and scheduling rearrangement.

[0027] S2: Based on the initial set of operation parameters, physical field feature information is used as a constraint condition. Pairwise interference calculations are performed on the processes that share the same physical space and do not have a process logic priority dependency relationship. Process pairs with electromagnetic interference or resonance conflict risk are marked, and a constraint set containing conflict marking information is generated. S21: Spatial overlap determination is performed by simultaneously assessing two dimensions: temporal overlap and spatial proximity. Physical interference can only occur if both time and space conditions are met. First, consider time: Each process has a planned start and end time. If one process has already finished before the other begins, there will be no conflict even if they spatially overlap. Therefore, it's crucial to determine if the construction times of the two processes overlap. If their time intervals overlap, it indicates they may be under construction simultaneously. Next, consider space: Each process has a physical spatial coordinate range; this range is the equipment's physical space plus the redundancy of construction operations, forming a three-dimensional area. Two situations are considered spatial conflict risks: Situation 1: The spatial areas directly intersect, meaning the two work areas overlap. In this case, workers, equipment, and the physical field will definitely influence each other. Situation 2: The spaces do not intersect, but are very close. Even without direct intersection, if the minimum distance between the two areas is less than a certain safety distance, electromagnetic coupling, vibration transmission, and operational interference may still occur. Therefore, a preset safety distance threshold needs to be set; when the minimum spatial distance between two areas is less than this threshold, a potential interference risk is still considered. During operation, by traversing all processes in the initial set of work parameters, and based on the required physical space coordinate range of each process, processes that are planned to be parallel or overlapped in time dimension and whose three-dimensional space coordinate ranges intersect or have a spacing less than a preset safety distance threshold are selected to form a set of candidate interference process pairs; specifically: Let the first The first process and the first The spatial distance between each process step is defined as: ,in: For the first The first process and the first Minimum spatial distance between processes; The first The first process and the first The physical space coordinate range of each process; These are any spatial points within the corresponding spatial range; This is for Euclidean distance calculation. The minimum spatial distance is not the distance between the center points of two devices, but the distance between the two closest points between two spatial regions; if the two regions are touching, this distance is zero; if there is a gap between the two regions, this distance is equal to the width of the gap.

[0028] The time overlap condition is defined as: ,in, For the first The first process and the first The time overlap length of each process; For the first The planned start and end times for each process; For the first The planned start and end times for each process. When the following conditions are met: and Then the corresponding process pair will be included in the candidate interference process pair set; where, To preset a safe distance threshold, this threshold is not arbitrarily set but is derived from electromagnetic compatibility design specifications, vibration isolation standards, construction safety operation specifications, or equipment installation technical standards; for example, the minimum isolation distance between high-voltage equipment and precision instruments, and the safe distance between vibrating equipment and low-voltage lines. This threshold setting is based on engineering specifications. This step involves screening out potentially simultaneous and spatially close process pairs in both time and space, forming a candidate interference process pair set, which provides calculation objects for subsequent electromagnetic and vibration conflict calculations.

[0029] S22: S21 above has already screened out candidate interference pairs that are constructed simultaneously in time and are close or overlapping in space; S22 is to further determine whether there is actually a risk of electromagnetic interference between these potentially conflicting pairs. Each process involving strong electricity releases an electromagnetic field to the surrounding environment during operation, but the electromagnetic field strength does not remain constant; it attenuates with increasing distance. Therefore, the judgment logic is to first know the characteristic value of the electromagnetic field strength of the equipment itself, then calculate the actual interference intensity received at the location of the disturbed process based on the spatial distance between the two processes; and then compare it with the electromagnetic withstand capability of the disturbed process.

[0030] For the candidate interference process pair, the electromagnetic field strength characteristics of both parties are extracted, and the electromagnetic interference intensity received from the other party at the operation position of one process is calculated according to the electromagnetic field spatial attenuation model; specifically: Let the first The first process is related to the second... The electromagnetic interference intensity generated by each process is: ,in, For the first The first process in the The intensity of electromagnetic interference generated at each process location; For the first The characteristic values ​​of electromagnetic field strength for each process; This refers to the minimum spatial distance between two processes; Use the reference attenuation distance constant. When: If so, it is determined that the process involves electromagnetic interference; among which, For the first The electromagnetic susceptibility threshold for each process step; the interference strength margin is defined as: ,in, This represents the electromagnetic interference strength margin, indicating the extent to which the actual interference strength exceeds the threshold. A positive margin indicates that the threshold has been exceeded; a negative margin indicates that there is still a safety margin. This margin value is crucial in subsequent scheduling because a larger margin results in more severe conflicts, while a smaller margin reduces the risk. When inserting time intervals or adjusting spatial attitude in S3, the isolation strength can be determined based on the margin size.

[0031] The recorded electromagnetic interference is directional. For example, process A interfering with process B is not necessarily the same as process B interfering with process A, because their electromagnetic strengths and sensitivities are different. Therefore, it is necessary to record the source of the interference, the object being interfered with, and the magnitude of the interference. This allows for priority isolation of combinations with high emission and low tolerance during subsequent scheduling and rearrangement. The output of S22 will be used to mark the physical field conflicting process pairs in S24 and to determine whether to insert a forced time interval or adjust the spatial attitude in S3. It is the electromagnetic conflict identification layer, which, together with the resonant conflict identification layer in S23, constitutes the physical field conflict determination system.

[0032] S23: While S22 addresses electromagnetic interference, S23 addresses mechanical vibration coupling. In rail transit electromechanical construction, many devices generate not only electromagnetic fields but also mechanical vibrations; examples include fans, pumps, motors, compressors, and hoisting equipment. If multiple such devices operate close together in space and overlap in time, vibration coupling may occur. Specifically: For the candidate interference process pair, the vibration frequency characteristics of both parties are extracted, and it is determined whether their principal frequencies meet the frequency proximity condition; the frequency difference is defined as: ,in, The first The first process and the first The main oscillation frequency of each process; It is the frequency difference; when it satisfies If so, then frequency coupling is considered possible; among them, The frequency is close to the judgment threshold; Vibration energy level is represented by the effective value of vibration: ,in, For the first Vibration energy level of each process; For the first The effective value of vibration acceleration for each process. If it meets the following requirements... If so, then the process is determined to have a risk of resonance conflict; among which, The structural coupling coefficient; For the first The permissible vibration energy limit for each process.

[0033] Every vibrating device has a dominant frequency, which is the frequency at which the device's vibration energy is most concentrated. When the dominant frequencies of two devices are very close, frequency coupling is possible; this can be understood as the two devices vibrating at the same rhythm. If the frequency difference is large, their vibrations will not be superimposed and amplified; however, if the frequency difference is small, a resonance amplification effect may occur. This is why the first step in S23 is to determine whether the frequency difference is less than a certain threshold. The vibration intensity mentioned above is usually expressed as the effective value of vibration acceleration; the greater the vibration acceleration, the more intense the vibration. The vibration energy level is essentially expressed as the square of the vibration intensity. The purpose of this is to convert the vibration amplitude into a comparable energy level because, physically, the vibration transmission capacity is related to energy, not just frequency.

[0034] The entire judgment process can be understood as a three-layer filtering: First step: Determine if the main oscillation frequencies of the two processes are close. If the frequency difference is large, directly eliminate the risk of resonance. Second layer: If the frequencies are close, calculate the vibration energy of the excitation process; The third layer considers structural coupling conditions and determines whether the vibration energy transmitted to the disturbed process exceeds the allowable limit. Only when all three conditions are met simultaneously—frequencies are close, vibration energy is sufficient, and the energy exceeds the allowable limit of the disturbed process—is a risk of resonance conflict identified. In summary, S23 determines the existence of a risk of resonance conflict by judging whether the dominant frequencies between candidate process pairs are close, and by combining the vibration energy level and structural coupling conditions to assess whether the vibration energy exceeds the allowable limit of the disturbed process.

[0035] S24: Mark the process pairs identified as conflicting in S22 and / or S23 as physically conflicting process pairs, and add a conflict type label, conflict intensity parameter, and suggested isolation requirements to the corresponding process record; the comprehensive conflict intensity index is defined as: ,in, For the first The first process and the first The comprehensive conflict intensity index between processes; the fractional terms represent the proportion of electromagnetic interference exceeding limits and the proportion of vibration energy exceeding limits, respectively; when When a conflict occurs, the process pair is marked as a physically conflicting process pair, and a constraint job set containing conflict marking information is generated. Conflict type tags are used to distinguish between electromagnetic conflicts and resonant conflicts; both types of conflicts exist simultaneously, and different types of conflicts require different isolation strategies. Electromagnetic conflicts are mainly addressed through time isolation or increased shielding; resonant conflicts are mainly addressed through changing the operating posture or staggered operation; therefore, the conflict type must be clearly defined. Suggested isolation requirements include suggested time isolation length, suggested minimum spatial spacing, and suggested operating posture adjustment direction. The system can directly call these suggestions as adjustment criteria. After processing in S24, all conflicting process pairs are organized into a constraint job set; this set includes the process pair number, conflict type, conflict intensity, and isolation requirements. This step quantifies the degree of exceeding limits for electromagnetic and resonant conflicts into a comprehensive conflict intensity index, and marks the process pair as physically conflicted when exceeding limits, while simultaneously generating isolation requirement information, thus forming a constraint job set containing physical field constraints, providing a basis for subsequent collaborative scheduling and rearrangement.

[0036] S3: Taking the constraint job set as input, according to the conflict marking information, insert a forced time interval or adjust its spatial job posture for the conflicting operations. Under the premise of satisfying the process logic priority, rearrange the job sequence of all operations and output a collaborative job sequence chain that satisfies the process logic constraints and has no physical field conflict. S31: The constraint job set has already been generated, containing information on which process pairs conflict, the conflict type, and the conflict intensity parameters. However, at this point, we only know that there is a problem. S31 addresses how to resolve the conflict; it's a strategy selection layer. Specifically: Iterate through the conflicting operation pairs in the constrained job set, and classify them according to the conflict type label and conflict intensity parameter. It calls the preset resolution strategy library to make matching decisions; assuming the upper limit of the shielding capability is... When satisfied When the conflict type is electromagnetic interference, adjusting the space operation attitude should be the priority; among which... For the first The first process and the first The comprehensive conflict intensity index between individual processes; This represents the upper limit of conflict intensity that the system is allowed to resolve through spatial shielding. The aforementioned upper limit of shielding capability represents the maximum intensity of conflict that can be resolved through spatial attitude adjustment or physical shielding measures; in other words, if the conflict intensity is small, the problem can be solved by changing the equipment's orientation, adjusting the sensitive surface direction, or adding temporary shielding devices; however, if the conflict intensity is too large, no amount of attitude adjustment will be effective, and stronger measures, namely time isolation, must be used. Spatial attitude parameters are essentially the orientation of the equipment in three-dimensional space, including rotation around the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis; by changing the orientation, the main direction of electromagnetic radiation can be moved away from the sensitive equipment, and the sensitive surface can be turned away from the interference source. Using structural shielding to reduce coupling is a form of spatial physical isolation; the spatial operation attitude adjustment parameters are defined as: ,in, For the first Spatial attitude parameters of equipment in each process; The angle is the rotation around the X-axis; The angle is the rotation around the Y-axis; Let be the rotation angle around the Z-axis. If it satisfies... If the conflict type is resonant conflict, then a forced time interval is inserted. Why can't resonant conflicts be resolved by attitude? Because vibration is transmitted through the structure, changing the equipment direction often doesn't change the structural coupling path, and frequency proximity issues cannot be solved by simple shielding. Resonant conflicts can usually only be completely eliminated through staggered operation and time-sharing construction. This step isn't simply about deciding whether to adjust time or space; it's about establishing a hierarchical resolution mechanism based on conflict type and intensity. Logically, small conflicts are addressed with spatial adjustments; large conflicts with time isolation; and resonant conflicts are prioritized for time isolation. The advantage of this hierarchical mechanism is that it ensures safety while minimizing the impact on the overall project duration and maintaining scheduling efficiency. This step only makes decisions; the actual waiting time calculation, time insertion, and global reordering are completed in subsequent steps. Therefore, S31 is the strategy classifier before scheduling optimization.

[0037] S32: Calculate the electromagnetic interference (EMI) wait time. When a high-voltage electrical device stops operating, the electromagnetic field around it does not disappear instantly; the EMI intensity gradually decreases over time. In engineering, this decrease is usually approximated as exponential decay, meaning it decays rapidly immediately after stopping and then slowly, gradually approaching zero. We know the initial EMI intensity, the rate of electromagnetic field decay, and the maximum EMI intensity the affected process can withstand. The goal is to find a point in time where the EMI intensity drops below a safe threshold. Once that time has elapsed, restarting the affected process will prevent electromagnetic interference. This time is the minimum safe wait time for EMI. Specifically: Assume the EMI intensity decays exponentially over time, expressed as: ,in, For time The intensity of electromagnetic interference at any given moment; The initial interference strength; The electromagnetic field time-domain attenuation coefficient; Waiting time. Minimum safe waiting time. satisfy The solution is: ,in, Minimum safe waiting time for electromagnetic interference; For the first Electromagnetic susceptibility thresholds for each process.

[0038] Unlike electromagnetic interference, vibration in a structure does not disappear immediately after the vibration source stops operating; the structure continues to vibrate for a period of time, and the vibration energy gradually dissipates. The rate of vibration energy decay depends on the structural damping ratio and the vibration frequency; the greater the damping, the faster the vibration disappears; the smaller the damping, the longer the vibration lasts. The calculation logic for the vibration waiting time is as follows: We assume we know the initial vibration energy, the vibration decay rate, and the upper limit of vibration energy allowed by the disturbed process. Then, we find a time point where the vibration energy decays to a safe range; this time is the minimum safe waiting time for resonance conflict. Specifically: The resonance conflict waiting time is calculated using a vibration energy decay model, the expression of which is: ,in, For time The vibrational energy level at any given moment; This represents the initial vibrational energy level. The structural damping ratio; The angular frequency corresponding to the main oscillation frequency; Waiting time. Minimum safe waiting time. satisfy The solution is: ,in, This is the minimum safe waiting time for resonant collisions; For the first The permissible vibration energy limit for each process. The final forced time interval is defined as: ,in, This is the minimum safe time interval between conflicting work processes. The essential function of this step is to transform conflict risks into specific time constraints, allowing the scheduling system to know the minimum time interval that must exist between two work processes, rather than making fuzzy judgments. Ordinary construction scheduling only considers logical dependencies and schedule optimization; while S32 adds time constraints based on the physical field decay law; this upgrades scheduling from logical network scheduling to physical field safety constraint scheduling.

[0039] S33: We have already decided whether to use spatial adjustment or temporal staggering, and calculated the minimum safe time for staggering. Up to this point, we know which processes cannot be performed simultaneously and how long the minimum interval between them must be. However, the entire construction project is not just two processes, but a network containing a large number of processes. The problem to be solved now is: how to rearrange the start times of all processes while satisfying all logical constraints and physical safety constraints. Using the process logic priority in the initial set of operation parameters as hard constraints, and the resolution strategy determined in S31 and the time interval calculated in S32 as additional constraints, we construct a multi-constraint scheduling model. In ordinary construction scheduling, there is usually only one constraint: process logic priority, such as A must be completed before B, and C must start after D. But now there are two new constraints: physical conflict constraints and minimum safe time interval constraints. Therefore, the current scheduling must simultaneously satisfy logical sequence, temporal isolation requirements, and spatial attitude adjustment conditions; this is the multi-constraint scheduling model. Specifically, let the first... The start time of each process is The duration is Then the time constraint is expressed as: ,in, For the first Start time of each process; For the first Duration of each process; For the first Start time of each process; The minimum safe time interval required for conflict resolution. The optimization objective function is defined as: ,in, The maximum value among all process completion times is the total project duration; the optimal start time sequence and attitude parameters are solved using a critical path dynamic programming algorithm; the specific steps include: Step 1: Construct an extended construction network diagram, treating all construction processes as nodes and the following relationships as edges: The original process logic dependencies and minimum safe time interval constraints caused by conflicts; that is, if there is a conflict between process i and process j, a delay constraint edge is added to the network; in this way, the entire construction relationship graph becomes a network that simultaneously contains logical dependencies and safe time interval dependencies. Step 2: Calculate the earliest start time in a forward manner. Proceed layer by layer from the starting point according to the critical path algorithm. The earliest start time of each process is equal to the maximum value of the completion times of all predecessor processes. If there is a safety interval constraint, the corresponding minimum safety time must be added. In this way, the earliest feasible start time of all processes can be obtained. Step 3: Calculate the total project duration and find the time required to complete the last process step. This is the total duration under the current schedule. Step 4: Embedding of attitude parameters. For processes that select spatial attitude adjustment, the equipment orientation and installation angle are adjusted synchronously during the calculation process, and the spatial conflict relationship is recalculated to ensure that no new conflict is introduced after the attitude change; if the attitude change leads to a new conflict, the local time adjustment is readjusted.

[0040] The core of dynamic programming on the critical path is to calculate the earliest start time of each node recursively layer by layer, ensuring the minimum total project duration while satisfying all constraints. It is suitable for situations with a moderate number of conflicts and a clear network structure.

[0041] S34: The generated process start time sequence and spatial operation posture parameters, combined with the process logic information, physical space coordinate range, and physical field characteristic information of each process, are encapsulated as: ,in, For the first An executable work plan unit for each process; This refers to the start time, including the process start time and the implied end time, or start time + duration; used to determine when to start the work. The physical space coordinate range, i.e. the boundary of the work area, is used to determine where to do the work; Spatial attitude parameters, including the orientation of the equipment installation or operation, whether rotation angle adjustment is needed, and whether temporary shielding is required, are used to determine how to proceed. Combining these three types of information forms a complete executable unit; it is no longer abstract scheduling data, but an execution instruction that can directly guide on-site construction. Once all executable units for all processes have been generated, the system will sort them according to their start time, forming a continuous time sequence. This sequence has three characteristics: satisfying process logic priority, satisfying all physical field safety constraints, and minimizing the total project duration under the current constraints; this time sequence is the collaborative operation time chain.

[0042] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-process collaborative operation scheduling method for rail transit electromechanical construction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Collect basic operation parameters of all electromechanical installation procedures to be executed in the current construction section, including the process logic priority of the procedure, the required physical space coordinate range, and the electromagnetic field strength or vibration frequency characteristics generated by the equipment during operation, and generate an initial operation parameter set containing process logic information and physical field characteristics. S2: Based on the initial set of operation parameters, physical field feature information is used as a constraint condition. Pairwise interference calculations are performed on the processes that share the same physical space and do not have a process logic priority dependency relationship. Process pairs with electromagnetic interference or resonance conflict risk are marked, and a constraint set containing conflict marking information is generated. S3: Taking the constraint job set as input, insert a forced time interval or adjust the spatial job posture of the conflicting operations according to the conflict marking information. Under the premise of satisfying the process logic priority, rearrange the job sequence of all operations and output a collaborative job sequence chain that satisfies the process logic constraints and has no physical field conflict.

2. The method for scheduling multi-process collaborative operations in rail transit electromechanical construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes: directly extracting the process logic priority and required physical space coordinate range of each process from the building information model of the construction section; the process logic priority is encoded and assigned according to the preceding and following relationships in the construction organization design document, and the physical space coordinate range is defined by the bounding box of the three-dimensional model of the electromechanical equipment corresponding to the process and the redundancy of the operating space required for its installation.

3. The method for scheduling multi-process collaborative operations in rail transit electromechanical construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, S1 further includes: for processes involving high-voltage electricity or precision instruments, by deploying electromagnetic field sensors or vibration accelerometers on the corresponding equipment, conducting on-site measurements during the no-load test or trial operation phase, collecting the electromagnetic field strength and vibration frequency characteristics generated during equipment operation, and forming a dataset of measured physical field characteristics.

4. The method for scheduling multi-process collaborative operations in rail transit electromechanical construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, For processes that cannot be measured on-site, the electromagnetic compatibility parameters and inherent vibration frequencies under rated operating conditions are retrieved from the technical specifications or industry standard databases provided by the equipment supplier, serving as the physical field characteristic information of the corresponding process.

5. A method for scheduling multi-process collaborative operations in rail transit electromechanical construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 includes: traversing all processes in the initial operation parameter set, and selecting processes that are planned to be parallel or overlapped in time dimension and whose three-dimensional spatial coordinate ranges have an intersection or a spacing less than a preset safety distance threshold, based on the required physical space coordinate range of each process, to form a candidate interference process pair set.

6. A method for scheduling multi-process collaborative operations in rail transit electromechanical construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of performing pairwise interference calculations includes: Electromagnetic interference calculation: For the candidate interference process pair, extract the electromagnetic field strength characteristics of both parties, and calculate the electromagnetic interference intensity received by the other party at the operation position of one process according to the electromagnetic field spatial attenuation model; if the interference intensity exceeds the electromagnetic sensitivity threshold of the disturbed process, it is determined that there is an electromagnetic interference conflict in the process pair, and the interference direction and intensity margin are recorded. Resonance conflict calculation: For the candidate interference process pair, extract the vibration frequency characteristics of both parties, determine whether the main vibration frequencies of the two parties meet the frequency closeness condition, and at the same time assess whether the vibration energy level of the excitation process is sufficient to affect the disturbed process through structural coupling; if frequency coupling exists and energy transfer exceeds the allowable limit, it is determined that the process pair has a risk of resonance conflict.

7. A method for scheduling multi-process collaborative operations in rail transit electromechanical construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The S2 further includes marking the process pairs that are determined to have conflicts in the electromagnetic interference calculation and resonance conflict calculation as physical field conflict process pairs, and adding conflict type labels, conflict intensity parameters and suggested isolation requirements to the corresponding process records to generate a constraint job set containing conflict marking information.

8. A method for scheduling multi-process collaborative operations in rail transit electromechanical construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 includes: traversing the conflicting process pairs in the constrained work set and making matching decisions based on the conflict type label and conflict intensity parameter; if the conflict type is electromagnetic interference and the interference intensity is within the shieldable range, then the spatial work posture is adjusted first, including changing the orientation angle of the interference source equipment, adding a temporary electromagnetic shielding device, or adjusting the orientation of the sensitive surface of the disturbed equipment; if the conflict type is resonant conflict or the electromagnetic interference intensity exceeds the upper limit of the shielding capability, then a forced time interval is inserted.

9. A method for scheduling multi-process collaborative operations in rail transit electromechanical construction according to claim 8, characterized in that, For conflicting process pairs that require an insertion time interval, the minimum safe waiting time is calculated based on the physical field attenuation characteristics and process duration. Specifically, for electromagnetic interference, the waiting time required for the interference to decrease to below the sensitivity threshold of the disturbed process is calculated based on the electromagnetic field time-domain attenuation curve. For resonant conflicts, the interval time required for vibration energy to dissipate to a safe range is calculated based on the vibration amplitude attenuation time constant.

10. A method for scheduling multi-process collaborative operations in rail transit electromechanical construction according to claim 9, characterized in that, The S3 further includes: using the process logic priority in the initial operation parameter set as a hard constraint, globally rearranging the operation sequence of all operations to generate operation start time sequences and spatial operation attitude parameters that satisfy multiple constraints; and encapsulating the operation start time sequences and spatial operation attitude parameters, combined with the process logic information, physical space coordinate range and physical field characteristic information of each operation, into an executable operation plan containing timestamps, spatial coordinates and attitude control instructions, as a collaborative operation sequence chain that satisfies process logic constraints and does not have physical field conflicts, and outputting it to the construction scheduling terminal.

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