Material management system and method based on two-dimensional code technology
By introducing hash chain and digital token mechanisms into the precast beam yard material management system, the problems of disconnect between processes and materials and data tampering in material management have been solved, realizing automated control and refined traceability of material consumption, and ensuring the integrity and reliability of data.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHENGZHOU ENG CO LTD CHINA RAILWAY SEVENTH GRP
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies in precast beam yard material management suffer from several drawbacks: material consumption is disconnected from production process logic; it is difficult to achieve batch-to-component level fine-grained traceability of bulk materials; and static labeling technology leads to risks of data tampering and status asynchrony, which cannot meet the requirements of a lifelong quality responsibility system.
The hash chain construction module records the completion certificate hash of the process node, the master token initialization module generates the material master digital token and generates the initial identification code, the verification processing module verifies the legality of the material consumption request, and the traceability module establishes a two-way index relationship between the beam and the material. It generates the child digital token through the hash derivation algorithm and updates the remaining quantity of the material master digital token, thereby realizing two-way traceability of materials and data anti-tampering.
It has achieved automated control of the process sequence of material consumption, avoiding cross-process violations, realizing refined traceability of bulk materials and data tamper-proofing, meeting the traceability requirements of the lifelong quality responsibility system, and improving management efficiency and data credibility.
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Figure CN122492072A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of information technology in building construction, and in particular to a material management system and method based on QR code technology. Background Technology
[0002] In the production process of precast beam yards, material management not only involves the statistics of the entry and exit of various materials such as steel bars, concrete, and prestressing tendons, but more importantly, it involves the close linkage between material consumption and production processes. For example, concrete pouring must be carried out after the steel bar binding and formwork installation have passed inspection, and the batch of concrete consumed for each beam must be accurately traceable to meet the requirements of the lifelong quality responsibility system.
[0003] In existing technologies, material management at construction sites typically employs Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems or general Warehouse Management Systems (WMS), combined with barcode or QR code technology for identification. These systems are relatively mature in the general warehousing and logistics field, primarily focusing on material quantity statistics, inventory alerts, and simple inbound and outbound records. However, directly applying general warehouse management technologies to precast beam yard scenarios presents the following limitations: 1. Material consumption is disconnected from the logic of production processes.
[0004] Existing material management systems typically treat material consumption as an independent inventory deduction operation, isolated from the progress status of production processes. The system only verifies whether inventory is sufficient, but cannot verify whether the current process meets the prerequisites for consuming the material. For example, the system may still allow concrete consumption data to be entered even if the rebar tying process is incomplete or has failed quality inspection. This inventory-heavy, process-light management model fails to prevent cross-process violations from the data level, easily leading to serious engineering quality risks. Furthermore, it often relies on manual on-site supervision, which is inefficient and prone to human error.
[0005] 2. Bulk materials are difficult to trace precisely at the batch-to-component level.
[0006] Precast beam yards utilize large quantities of bulk materials such as concrete, cement, and admixtures. Current technology typically manages these materials on a batch-by-batch basis, recording the total volume and usage of each batch. However, in actual production, a single batch is often split for casting multiple beams, and a single beam may consume multiple batches of concrete. Current technology cannot dynamically map actual consumption to specific beam components, making it difficult to quickly trace back to the specific concrete sub-batch and quality inspection reports when quality issues arise. This results in coarse-grained traceability, failing to meet the demands of refined quality management.
[0007] 3. The static nature of the identification technology poses a risk of data tampering and state asynchrony.
[0008] Existing QR code or barcode applications are mostly static identifiers, containing only the unique ID information of the material. The status of the material (such as pending inspection, qualified, locked, consumed) is stored in the backend database. This code-status separation architecture has security risks and cannot ensure the data integrity during the material flow process.
[0009] In summary, how to construct a material management system that focuses on process logic constraints, enables discrete traceability of bulk materials, and ensures data tamper-proofing has become a pressing technical challenge in the current information management of precast beam yards. Summary of the Invention
[0010] The purpose of this application is to provide a material management system and method based on QR code technology to solve or alleviate the problems existing in the prior art.
[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: This application provides a material management system based on QR code technology, including: The hash chain construction module is configured to construct process instance chain data and record the completion certificate hash of each process node, wherein the completion certificate hash depends on the completion certificate hash of the preceding process. The master token initialization module is configured to generate a master digital token for materials, which includes the batch total, quality information hash and digital signature, and generate the corresponding initial material identification code. The verification processing module is configured as follows: In response to a material consumption request, obtain the target beam identifier and the current process identifier; Verify whether there is a valid completion certificate hash for the preceding node of the current process in the process instance chain data, and verify the digital signature and version status of the material master digital token; Only after verification is passed, based on the remaining amount of the material master digital token and the consumption amount of the material consumption request, a sub-digital token bound to the target beam identifier is generated using a hash derivation algorithm, and the remaining amount of the material master digital token is updated. The traceability module is configured to establish an aggregated index relationship between the target beam identifier and the sub-digital token to support bidirectional traceability from beam to material and from material to beam.
[0012] Preferably, in the verification processing module, the step of generating a sub-digital token bound to the target beam identifier using a hash derivation algorithm includes: The material master digital token identifier, the target beam identifier, the current process identifier, the actual consumption amount, and the timestamp are concatenated; Perform a hash operation on the concatenated data to generate a sub-digital token identifier; The sub-digital token identifier serves as a unique index for the sub-digital token and cannot be tampered with.
[0013] Preferably, in the verification processing module, verifying the digital signature and version status of the material master digital token includes: Parse the payload data of the initial material identification code to obtain the quality inspection status identifier; If the quality inspection status indicator is not qualified, a rejection command is generated; If the quality inspection status indicator indicates that the process is qualified, the splitting step is allowed, and the process index corresponding to this consumption is recorded in the consumption record of the material master digital token to support multiple consumptions of the same material master digital token.
[0014] Preferably, the system further includes a data integrity verification module, configured as follows: Iterate through all child digital tokens associated with the parent digital token of the material; Calculate the sum of the consumption of all sub-digital tokens; The sum of the consumption amounts is compared with the total batch quantity of the material master digital token. If the sum exceeds the limit, a data anomaly signal is generated. And / or, the remaining quantity of the material master digital token is obtained. If the sum of the consumption amounts and the remaining quantity are not equal to the total batch quantity, a data anomaly signal is generated.
[0015] Preferably, the execution of the data integrity verification module includes two modes: automatic triggering at set times and manual triggering on demand.
[0016] Preferably, the completion credential hash is generated in the following manner: Obtain the completion certificate hash of the preceding process as seed data; Perform a hash operation between the current process identifier, beam identifier, timestamp, and the seed data; If the current process is the starting process, then the preset root hash is used as the seed data.
[0017] Preferably, the hash operation shown is performed using the SHA-256 algorithm.
[0018] This application also provides a material management method based on QR code technology, which is applied to the system described in any of the above embodiments and includes the following steps: The hash chain construction module constructs process instance chain data and records the completion certificate hash of each process node. The completion certificate hash depends on the completion certificate hash of the preceding process. The master token initialization module generates a master digital token for the material, which includes the batch total quantity, quality information hash and digital signature, and generates the corresponding initial material identification code; In response to the material consumption request, the verification processing module obtains the target beam identifier and the current process identifier; verifies whether there is a valid completion voucher hash for the predecessor node of the current process in the process instance chain data, and verifies the digital signature and version status of the material master digital token; only when the verification is successful, based on the remaining amount of the material master digital token and the consumption amount of the material consumption request, it uses a hash derivation algorithm to generate a sub-digital token bound to the target beam identifier, and updates the remaining amount of the material master digital token. The traceability module establishes an aggregated index relationship between the target beam identifier and the sub-digital token to support bidirectional traceability from beam to material and from material to beam.
[0019] This embodiment provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method provided in any of the above embodiments.
[0020] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method provided in any of the above embodiments.
[0021] Beneficial effects: This embodiment utilizes a process hash chain, ensuring that the completion certificate hash of the current process is forcibly dependent on the completion certificate hash of the preceding process during calculation, forming an irreversible and tamper-proof chain of process progress evidence. When performing material consumption verification, the verification module forcibly verifies whether the preceding node of the current process has a valid completion certificate hash. When an operator attempts to consume materials for a subsequent process before the preceding process is completed, the system automatically rejects the request due to the missing hash of the preceding process, technically eliminating the possibility of unauthorized material operations across processes. Furthermore, this mechanism does not rely on manual on-site supervision, avoiding human error and management blind spots, and achieving automated and mandatory control of materials according to process sequence. The organic combination of material digital token splitting and a two-way traceability mechanism allows the traceability module to establish an aggregated index relationship between the target beam identifier and sub-digital tokens, enabling process-level material flow tracking and meeting the stringent traceability requirements of the lifelong quality responsibility system. In summary, this solution addresses specific scenarios in precast beam yard material management by employing modules such as process hash chains, material digital token splitting, and two-way traceability mechanisms. These modules alleviate technical challenges in existing precast beam production material management, including the disconnect between processes and materials, difficulties in tracing bulk materials, and insufficient data tamper-proofing capabilities. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a material management system based on QR code technology.
[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the execution process of a material management system based on QR code technology. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0025] This embodiment provides a material management system based on QR code technology, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: The hash chain construction module is configured to construct process instance chain data and record the completion certificate hash of each process node, wherein the completion certificate hash depends on the completion certificate hash of the preceding process. The master token initialization module is configured to generate a master digital token for materials, which includes the batch total, quality information hash and digital signature, and generate the corresponding initial material identification code. The verification processing module is configured as follows: In response to a material consumption request, obtain the target beam identifier and the current process identifier; Verify whether there is a valid completion certificate hash for the preceding node of the current process in the process instance chain data, and verify the digital signature and version status of the material master digital token; Once the verification is successful, a sub-digital token bound to the target beam identifier is generated using a hash derivation algorithm based on the remaining quantity and actual consumption of the material master digital token, and the remaining quantity of the material master digital token is updated. The traceability module is configured to establish an aggregated index relationship between the target beam identifier and the sub-digital token to support bidirectional traceability from beam to material and from material to beam.
[0026] In this embodiment, in the hash chain construction module, the process instance chain data refers to a set of process nodes with temporal dependencies set according to a preset order during the construction process for a specific beam. This data is organized in a chain structure, and each process node records its completion status and corresponding cryptographic credentials.
[0027] In this embodiment, the process instance chain data is formed by instantiating a preset process template. The process instance chain data is bound to a specific beam identifier (such as Beam_ID) to reflect the actual construction progress of the beam. Logical dependencies are established between process nodes through parent-child relationships (Parent_ID) to reflect the mandatory sequential requirements of the beam construction process. In terms of data organization, the process instance chain data adopts a linked list data structure. Each node contains fields such as node identifier (Node_ID), process index (Index), completion timestamp, and completion voucher hash.
[0028] For example, for a certain beam, the process instance chain data can be represented as: Node 1: Rebar binding (Node_01, Index=1); Node 2: Template Installation (Node_02, Index=2, Parent_ID=Node_01); Node 3: Concrete pouring (Node_03, Index=3, Parent_ID=Node_02); ... Node i: ...(Node_i, Index=i, Parent_ID=Node_i-1).
[0029] In this embodiment, the completion certificate hash refers to a fixed-length, unique, and irreversible digital fingerprint generated using a cryptographic hash function for the completion of a specific process node. This hash value serves as mathematical proof that the process has been completed and its content has not been tampered with. Specifically, a hash algorithm (such as SHA-256) can be used to map input data of arbitrary length to a fixed-length (such as 256 bits) output value as mathematical proof.
[0030] In this embodiment, the completion certificate hash of the current process depends on the completion certificate hash of the previous process. Further, the completion certificate hash of the current process is generated as follows: the completion certificate hash of the previous process is obtained as seed data; the current process identifier, beam identifier, timestamp, and the seed data are hashed to generate the completion certificate hash of the current process; if the current process is the starting process, a preset root hash is used as the seed data. The expression for this process is as follows: , In the formula, This is the hash of the completion voucher for the current process. This refers to a hash algorithm, such as SHA-256. For beam identification, This serves as the identifier for the current process. For timestamps, This is the hash of the completion voucher for the previous process. If the current process is the starting process, then... Take the preset root hash ( ).
[0031] Since the hash of the current process must rely on the hash of the preceding process for calculation, the system needs to verify the existence and validity of the preceding process hash when recording the completion of the current process. If the preceding process is incomplete or its hash value is missing, a valid completion certificate hash for the current process cannot be generated. This ensures that processes must be completed in sequence; skipping steps will cause the hash chain to break. For example, if the preceding process "Formwork Installation" (Node_02) of "Concrete Pouring" (Node_03) is not completed, then Hash_02 does not exist, the system cannot calculate Hash_03, and thus prevents the recording of the pouring process.
[0032] In this embodiment, the master token initialization module refers to the functional unit in the system responsible for creating and managing the lifecycle of the master digital token for materials. This module is triggered when materials enter the site or are put into storage, and completes the generation of the material's digital identity, the binding of quality certificates, and the calculation of anti-counterfeiting signatures.
[0033] For example, when 100 cubic meters of concrete are transported to the construction site and undergo quality inspection, the quality inspector enters the inspection report into the system. The system automatically calls the master token initialization module to generate a concrete master token with a unique identifier of MT_001.
[0034] Among them, the material master digital token refers to a digital certificate representing a batch of materials. This token is cryptographically bound to the batch information, quality certificate, quantity information and life cycle status of the materials, serving as the unique digital identity of the materials from entry to consumption.
[0035] In this embodiment, the data structure of the material master digital token includes the following core fields: String / Hash Value (Token_ID): A unique identifier for the parent token, which can be generated using UUID to ensure global uniqueness; Quality Information Hash (Batch_Quality_Hash): The hash value of the material's quality certification documents (such as factory certificate of conformity, third-party inspection report, and incoming inspection report), enabling on-chain storage of quality certificates; Digital Signature: A digital signature based on the core data of a token, used for anti-counterfeiting verification and data integrity checking; Total Batch Quantity (Total_Qty): Records the initial quantity of materials in this batch (such as cubic meters of concrete or tons of steel bars).
[0036] Optionally, the material master digital token also includes the following information: Remaining quantity (Remaining_Qty): Decreases dynamically as materials are consumed, with an initial value equal to Total_Qty; Version number: Indicates the status of the material (e.g., 0x00 means pending inspection, 0x01 means qualified and usable).
[0037] It should be noted that the master digital token represents the entire batch and does not split as materials are partially consumed. Instead, consumption is recorded by generating sub-tokens, while the master token itself persists until the batch is completely consumed. Secondly, a one-to-one mapping relationship is established between the master token and the physical material. For example, for bulk materials (concrete, admixtures, etc.), one master token corresponds to one material batch. For individual materials (such as precast components, steel bars), one master token corresponds to one independent material unit or the smallest packaging unit.
[0038] Based on the generated master digital token for materials, some or all fields of the master digital token are further used to generate the corresponding initial material identification code. Here, the initial material identification code refers to encoding the core data of the master token into a machine-readable QR code, which is used for the physical identification of the material entity and rapid on-site identification.
[0039] For example, the payload of the initial material identification code is structured and includes the following fields: Token_ID, Version, and Signature.
[0040] The initial material identification code is used to support the following operations: during incoming inspection, scan the code to quickly view material information; initiate a consumption request by scanning the identification code; and perform quality traceability by scanning the code to associate it with the quality inspection report hash.
[0041] In this embodiment, the mother token initialization module provides basic data for subsequent material consumption verification. During consumption verification, the process hash chain is combined to achieve dual verification of process legality and material legality, preventing skipped construction and material abuse.
[0042] Once the process for the target beam is initiated, the verification processing module is configured to respond to the material consumption request, obtain the target beam identifier and the current process identifier, perform strict legality verification before material consumption, and only allow material allocation, generate a sub-digital token, and update the material parent digital token when all verification conditions are met.
[0043] After receiving a material consumption request, the verification processing module simultaneously verifies the legality of the process (whether the preceding process exists) and the legality of the material (signature authenticity and quality status), thus achieving dual verification of the process and the material.
[0044] Material consumption request refers to an operation instruction initiated by on-site construction personnel through terminal equipment to request the use of a specific batch of materials for a specific process of a specific beam.
[0045] For example, a material consumption request includes the following elements: parent token identifier (Token_ID), target beam identifier (Target_Beam_ID), current process identifier (Process_Index), requested consumption amount (Consumed_Qty), request initiation time (Timestamp), and initiator (Requester).
[0046] Material consumption requests can be initiated by on-site construction personnel by scanning the initial material identification code. After scanning the initial material identification code using a terminal device, the target beam and process are selected, and the requested consumption quantity is entered. Alternatively, the request can be initiated by scanning the beam's QR code. After obtaining the beam's QR code, parameters such as the material batch and requested consumption quantity are selected or entered. The terminal then submits the request to the server (located in the precast beam plant). The server performs dual verification of the process and materials. After successful verification, the materials are split and the quantity is updated, and the execution result (success / failure and the reason for failure) is returned.
[0047] First, verify whether the preceding node has a valid completion credential hash.
[0048] In other words, it checks the process instance chain data to see if the preceding process (parent node) of the current process has generated a valid completion certificate hash, thereby confirming the compliance of the construction sequence. Specifically: (1) Locate the corresponding process instance chain data based on the target beam identifier (Target_Beam_ID); (2) Locate the current process node (Node_ID) based on the current process identifier (Process_Index); (3) Obtain the parent node identifier (Parent_ID) of the current process; (4) Query the completion document hash (Completion_Hash field) of the parent node in the process document log; (5) Verify that the hash value exists and is not empty. The specific verification rules are as follows: If the parent node hash exists and is valid, the verification passes, and subsequent verifications continue. If the parent node hash does not exist, the verification fails and a "skip-order construction" error message is returned. If the parent node hash exists but the data is abnormal, the verification will fail and the error message "Process data abnormal" will be returned. If the current process has no parent node (indicating it is the starting process), the verification passes.
[0049] Second, verify the digital signature and version status of the material's master digital token.
[0050] The authenticity and integrity of the material are verified through digital signature of the material's master digital token, and the quality status of the material is verified to meet the usage requirements through version status. Specifically, this includes: parsing the payload data of the initial material identification code to obtain the quality inspection status indicator; if the quality inspection status indicator indicates that it is unqualified, a rejection instruction is generated; if the quality inspection status indicator indicates that it is qualified, the splitting step is allowed, and the process index corresponding to this consumption is recorded in the consumption record of the material's master digital token to support multiple consumptions of the same material's master digital token.
[0051] Specifically, the payload data of the initial material identification code is parsed, the QR code image obtained by scanning is decoded, the structured information stored therein is extracted, the data field of the material master digital token is restored, and the content of the Version field is read to obtain the quality inspection status identifier indicating whether the material has passed the quality inspection.
[0052] When the quality inspection status identifier obtained from parsing is 0x00 (pending inspection), the system determines that the material has not yet passed the quality inspection and does not meet the conditions for use, and generates a rejection command to terminate this material consumption request.
[0053] When the quality inspection status flag obtained from the parsing is 0x01 (qualified), it is determined that the material has completed quality inspection and meets the usage requirements. If the remaining quantity meets the consumption requirement of the material consumption request (consumption quantity ≤ remaining quantity), the subsequent material splitting steps are allowed to continue. At the same time, the process identifier (Process_Index) associated with the current consumption request is written into the consumption record of the material's master digital token, forming a binding relationship between the material and the process, so as to support the multiple consumption of the same master token in different processes.
[0054] Specifically, the system maintains a consumption record list for each parent token. That is, for each material split and consumption, a child digital token is generated using a hash derivation algorithm and bound to the target beam identifier, and then associated with the parent token identifier Token_ID. The same parent token can be consumed multiple times, with each consumption corresponding to the generation of a child digital token. The child digital token generation steps include: concatenating the identifier (Token_ID) of the material parent digital token, the identifier (Target_Beam_ID) of the target beam, the identifier (Process_Index) of the current process, the actual consumption amount (Consumed_Qty), and the timestamp; performing a hash operation (such as SHA-256) on the concatenated data to generate a child digital token identifier (Child_ID); the child digital token identifier (Child_ID) serves as a unique index for the child digital token and cannot be tampered with.
[0055] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the splicing is done by direct splicing, that is: , Once the sub-digital token is generated and stored, any modification to the data associated with the sub-digital token (parent token identifier, beam identifier, process identifier, consumption amount, timestamp) will cause the recalculated hash value to be inconsistent with the stored value, thus allowing the system to detect and identify it.
[0056] For example, the data structure of the child digital token may include: child digital token identifier (Child_ID), associated parent token identifier (Source_Mother_ID, Token_ID from the material parent digital token), target beam identifier (Target_Beam_ID), current process identifier (Process_Index), requested consumption (Consumed_Qty), etc.
[0057] After recording the sub-digital token data generated from this consumption, the consumption amount of the material consumption request is deducted from the remaining amount, and the remaining amount of the material's parent digital token (Remaining_Qty field) is updated.
[0058] In addition, to further ensure the rational allocation of materials, constraints on material usage can be configured based on process indexes: for example, certain materials can be configured to be used only in specific processes (e.g., concrete can be used only for pouring); the total consumption of the same master token in the same process can be set to an upper limit; materials can be configured to be consumed in the order of processes, etc.
[0059] In this embodiment, the traceability module is responsible for establishing, maintaining, and querying the material consumption relationship. Its configuration is as follows: establish an aggregated index relationship between the target beam identifier and the sub-digital token to support bidirectional traceability from beam to material and from material to beam.
[0060] In other words, this module enables bidirectional query capabilities from beam to material source (forward traceability) and from material batch to beam (reverse traceability) by constructing an aggregated index between the target beam identifier and the sub-digital token. This allows the material source to be found when a problem occurs with the beam, and also enables cost accounting based on material flow analysis.
[0061] In this context, the aggregated index relationship refers to a mapping relationship established at the database level, using the target beam identifier as the index key and associated material parent and child digital token sets. This supports quick retrieval of all material records consumed by a specific beam. The association between the target beam identifier and the parent and child digital tokens is recorded and bound when materials are consumed, forming a beam-consumption record mapping relationship, ensuring that each token explicitly points to the beam it serves.
[0062] In an optional embodiment, the material management system based on QR code technology further includes a data integrity verification module, configured to: traverse all sub-digital tokens associated with the material master digital token; calculate the sum of consumption of all sub-digital tokens; compare the sum of consumption with the total batch quantity of the material master digital token, and generate a data anomaly signal if the sum exceeds the limit; and / or obtain the remaining quantity of the material master digital token, and generate a data anomaly signal if the sum of consumption and the remaining quantity are not equal to the total batch quantity.
[0063] In this embodiment, the integrity verification module is responsible for automatically verifying the consistency of material consumption between the parent material digital token and its associated child digital tokens periodically or on demand. It detects anomalies such as data tampering, record loss, and calculation errors through conservation relationships. This module can run automatically during periods of low system load (such as at night) and can be configured for both scheduled automatic triggering and manual on-demand triggering. As an automated data consistency assurance mechanism, integrity verification can promptly detect and report data anomalies, ensuring the reliability of material management data.
[0064] The following reference Figure 2 The execution process of the technical solution of this application is described. The technical solution of this application can be executed according to the following steps: Step 0: Perform data modeling. The system constructs the following core data objects: (1) Process Template Chain: The node identifier (Node_ID), sequence index (Index), and parent-child dependency between processes (Parent_ID).
[0065] (2) Process Credential Log: Record the beam identifier (Beam_ID), the node identifier of the process (Node_ID), the completion hash value of the current process (Completion_Hash), and the hash value of the previous process (Prev_Hash).
[0066] (3) Material Digital Token: Includes a master token, a sub-token, and a material QR code payload, wherein: Mother Token Table: Mother Token Identifier (Token_ID), Quality Report Hash (Batch_Quality_Hash), Total Batch Quantity (Total_Qty), Remaining Quantity (Remaining_Qty), Version (0x00 Pending Inspection / 0x01 Qualified), Signature.
[0067] Child Token Table: Child_ID (hash-derived), Source_Mother_ID, Target_Beam_ID, Process_Index, Consumed_Qty.
[0068] Material QR Payload: Token_ID, Lifecycle Version Number (Version), Allowed Process Index (Optional, Required for individual materials, written when bulk materials are consumed), Digital Signature (Signature).
[0069] Step 1: Instantiation of the process chain and generation (initialization) of the master token.
[0070] (1) Process instantiation: to identify as The beam body is instantiated into a process. That is, the system generates a process instance chain in memory based on the process template chain data structure. Initially, there is no voucher hash (the completion voucher hash of the process node in the instance is empty).
[0071] (2) Generation of master token: When materials arrive (e.g., 100m³ of concrete), the system generates a master token. Version=0x01 (qualified), calculate the digital signature (Sig_M) and write it to the Signature field.
[0072] (3) QR code generation: Generate a representative The batch QR code (i.e., the initial material identification code).
[0073] Step 2: Construction of the process progress hash chain.
[0074] (1) Completion of process: When the beam body The completion of a certain process, such as rebar tying, is marked by the process node identifier as follows: The data is uploaded by the scanning terminal.
[0075] (2) Hash generation: Calculate using a hash algorithm (such as SHA-256). ,in, To preset the root hash (corresponding to the starting procedure), Write the completion_Hash field to the process voucher log, and at the same time, record the completion voucher hash in the corresponding process node in the process instance chain data in memory.
[0076] (3) Chain dependency: completing the next process, such as "template installation" (process) ),calculate Similarly, the corresponding process node in the process instance chain data in memory records the completion voucher hash, and... Write the Prev_Hash and Completion_Hash fields into the process voucher log respectively to form an immutable chain of process progress evidence.
[0077] Step 3: Verification and processing of material consumption requests.
[0078] When the construction workers were preparing for When consuming concrete, the corresponding pouring process is ( Write the process instance chain and record its parent process as... Simultaneously, process voucher logs are generated.
[0079] (1) Scan / Request: Scan the batch QR code to initiate a consumption request.
[0080] (2) Process document verification: The system reads the document. Check the process instance chain data. parent node ( Check if a valid Completion_Hash exists. If not, reject the request to prevent skipped construction.
[0081] (3) Digital token version verification: Parse the initial material identification code, verify whether the Version is 0x01 (qualified), and verify the legality of the digital signature Sig_M.
[0082] (4) Allocation: After the verification is passed, the material allocation logic is entered.
[0083] Step 4: Digital token splitting and sub-code generation.
[0084] Based on the successful verification in step three, execute the material allocation logic: (1) Usage confirmation: Confirm the material consumption request. Request to consume 30m³ of concrete.
[0085] (2) Conservation deduction: Update the mother token Remaining_Qty = 100 - 30 = 70 m³.
[0086] (3) Sub-token derivation: Execute the hash derivation algorithm to generate sub-token IDs: , This makes the child token mathematically strongly dependent on the parent token, the beam, and the process, preventing false associations.
[0087] (3) Index creation: Create an index in the sub-digital token. The aggregated index.
[0088] (4) Virtual code generation: The system generates a sub-virtual QR code corresponding to the sub-token. The payload includes: sub-token ID, associated parent token, beam body identifier, process index, consumption amount, which represents the voucher for the material consumption of the beam body this time.
[0089] Step 5: Two-way traceability and integrity verification.
[0090] (1) Forward tracing (beam -> material): scanning The system uses a clustered index to find all Child_IDs for the QR code and maps them in reverse to... The batch shown is Quality inspection report hash.
[0091] (2) Reverse tracing (material -> beam): scanning The system lists all associated Child_IDs and their corresponding Beam_IDs, displaying the material usage flow.
[0092] (3) Integrity verification: The system runs a script periodically to verify: Check if the condition is met. If not, trigger a data anomaly alarm.
[0093] In summary, the QR code-based material management system provided in this application addresses the specific needs of precast beam yard material management. Through the synergistic effect of process hash chains, digital token splitting, and a two-way traceability mechanism, it deeply integrates processes and materials, achieving discrete and precise traceability of bulk materials and realizing a two-way mapping between batches and beams. The collaborative mechanism between the master token initialization module and the verification processing module enables status management and verification of materials at different processes, preventing issues such as uninspected materials being used before inspection or misuse of substandard materials. When quality problems arise in later stages of beam construction, forward tracing can quickly locate the batch of materials used and the quality inspection report; when a batch of materials fails inspection, reverse tracing can accurately recall the affected beams, providing reliable technical support for a lifelong quality responsibility system.
[0094] Based on the same inventive concept, this application provides a material management method based on QR code technology. This method is applied to the material management system based on QR code technology provided in any of the above embodiments, and includes the following steps: The hash chain construction module constructs process instance chain data and records the completion certificate hash of each process node. The completion certificate hash depends on the completion certificate hash of the preceding process. The master token initialization module generates a master digital token for the material, which includes the batch total quantity, quality information hash and digital signature, and generates the corresponding initial material identification code; In response to the material consumption request, the verification processing module obtains the target beam identifier and the current process identifier; verifies whether there is a valid completion voucher hash for the predecessor node of the current process in the process instance chain data, and verifies the digital signature and version status of the material master digital token; only when the verification is successful, based on the remaining amount of the material master digital token and the consumption amount of the material consumption request, it uses a hash derivation algorithm to generate a sub-digital token bound to the target beam identifier, and updates the remaining amount of the material master digital token. The traceability module establishes an aggregated index relationship between the target beam identifier and the sub-digital token to support bidirectional traceability from beam to material and from material to beam.
[0095] The material management method based on QR code technology provided in this embodiment can realize the technical logic of the material management system based on QR code technology provided in any of the above embodiments and achieve the same technical effect, which will not be described in detail here.
[0096] This embodiment provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method provided in any of the above embodiments.
[0097] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method provided in any of the above embodiments.
[0098] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A material management system based on two-dimensional code technology, characterized by, include: The hash chain construction module is configured to construct process instance chain data and record the completion certificate hash of each process node, wherein the completion certificate hash depends on the completion certificate hash of the preceding process. The master token initialization module is configured to generate a master digital token for materials, which includes the batch total, quality information hash and digital signature, and generate the corresponding initial material identification code. The verification processing module is configured as follows: In response to a material consumption request, obtain the target beam identifier and the current process identifier; Verify whether there is a valid completion certificate hash for the preceding node of the current process in the process instance chain data, and verify the digital signature and version status of the material master digital token; Only after verification is passed, based on the remaining amount of the material master digital token and the consumption amount of the material consumption request, a sub-digital token bound to the target beam identifier is generated using a hash derivation algorithm, and the remaining amount of the material master digital token is updated. The traceability module is configured to establish an aggregated index relationship between the target beam identifier and the sub-digital token to support bidirectional traceability from beam to material and from material to beam.
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the verification processing module, generating a sub-digital token bound to the target beam identifier using a hash derivation algorithm includes: The material master digital token identifier, the target beam identifier, the current process identifier, the actual consumption amount, and the timestamp are concatenated; Perform a hash operation on the concatenated data to generate a sub-digital token identifier; The sub-digital token identifier serves as a unique index for the sub-digital token and cannot be tampered with.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein, The verification processing module verifies the digital signature and version status of the material master digital token, including: Parse the payload data of the initial material identification code to obtain the quality inspection status identifier; If the quality inspection status indicator is not qualified, a rejection command is generated; If the quality inspection status indicator indicates that the process is qualified, the splitting step is allowed, and the process index corresponding to this consumption is recorded in the consumption record of the material master digital token to support multiple consumptions of the same material master digital token.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The system also includes a data integrity verification module, configured as follows: Iterate through all child digital tokens associated with the parent digital token of the material; Calculate the sum of the consumption of all sub-digital tokens; The sum of the consumption amounts is compared with the total batch quantity of the material master digital token. If the sum exceeds the limit, a data anomaly signal is generated. And / or, the remaining quantity of the material master digital token is obtained. If the sum of the consumption amounts and the remaining quantity are not equal to the total batch quantity, a data anomaly signal is generated.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein, The data integrity verification module can be executed in two modes: scheduled automatic triggering and manual on-demand triggering.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein, The completion credential hash is generated as follows: Obtain the completion certificate hash of the preceding process as seed data; Perform a hash operation between the current process identifier, beam identifier, timestamp, and the seed data; If the current process is the starting process, then the preset root hash is used as the seed data.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein, The hash operation shown is performed using the SHA-256 algorithm.
8. A material management method based on two-dimensional code technology, characterized by, The method, when applied to any of the systems described in claims 1 to 7, includes the following steps: The hash chain construction module constructs process instance chain data and records the completion certificate hash of each process node. The completion certificate hash depends on the completion certificate hash of the preceding process. The master token initialization module generates a master digital token for the material, which includes the batch total quantity, quality information hash and digital signature, and generates the corresponding initial material identification code; In response to the material consumption request, the verification processing module obtains the target beam identifier and the current process identifier; verifies whether there is a valid completion voucher hash for the predecessor node of the current process in the process instance chain data, and verifies the digital signature and version status of the material master digital token; only when the verification is successful, based on the remaining amount of the material master digital token and the consumption amount of the material consumption request, it uses a hash derivation algorithm to generate a sub-digital token bound to the target beam identifier, and updates the remaining amount of the material master digital token. The traceability module establishes an aggregated index relationship between the target beam identifier and the sub-digital token to support bidirectional traceability from beam to material and from material to beam.
9. A computer apparatus comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8. The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method of claim 8.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer programs / instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the method of claim 8.