A method for integrating and mapping multiple factors of a single blasting area of an open-pit mine

Abstract

This invention provides a method for integrated mapping of multiple elements in a single blasting area of ​​an open-pit mine, relating to the technical field of digital mining and geological visualization. The method includes: S1: collecting full-dimensional basic data of the single blasting area; S2: dividing the blasting area into zones based on ore type; S3: enlarging each borehole into a circle, dividing the area into different regions based on valuable and harmful elements, and labeling the corresponding regions with the grades of valuable and harmful elements, assigning different colors accordingly; S4: dividing the entire blasting area into different segments and assigning them labels, then filling the different segments with distinguishable color blocks; S5: numbering the different segments; S6: calculating the parameters of each segment and generating an appendix, then supplementing with standardized map elements. This invention solves the technical problems of information fragmentation, insufficient multi-element collaborative expression, low mapping efficiency, and lack of integration value in traditional single-blasting area mapping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital mining and geological visualization technology, and in particular to a method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting area of ​​an open-pit mine, which is applicable to the integrated expression of geological, grade, and production information of a single blasting area in a metallic or polymetallic open-pit mine. Background Technology

[0002] In open-pit mining, the single blast zone serves as the basic unit of blasting production, and the quality of its mapping is a core prerequisite for ensuring blasting effectiveness, improving ore recovery rates, and supporting refined mining. The maps generated from single blast zones must comprehensively and accurately present key information such as geology, grade, and production, providing intuitive data support for blasting parameter design, technical briefings, and quality inspections. This directly impacts mine production efficiency, mining safety, and economic benefits. Therefore, the scientific accuracy, completeness, and practicality of single blast zone mapping are of great significance to the overall mine production.

[0003] Currently, mapping of single-blast areas in open-pit mines mainly involves the following steps: ① Collect basic data: Technicians collect basic geometric data such as the perforation location and production block boundary of the blasting area through on-site measurements, and record the perforation test information.

[0004] ② Draw a pre-blasting map of the blasting area: Using CAD and other drawing tools, based on the layered map drawn during the exploration stage, divide the main ore type areas and calculate the ore quantity in each area.

[0005] ③ Draw a hole location distribution diagram: Use CAD or other drawing tools to mark the perforation locations and numbers.

[0006] ④ Draw block division map: Using CAD and other drawing tools, mark the main element grades of the perforations based on the hole location distribution map, divide the block boundaries according to industrial grade, boundary grade and other standards, and calculate parameters such as average grade and ore quantity of the block.

[0007] The aforementioned traditional single-blast zone mapping technologies generally suffer from problems such as limited information dimensions and fragmented data, which can no longer meet the needs of modern digital and refined mining. Specific shortcomings are as follows: ① Information fragmentation: Traditional mapping focuses on only a single dimension of information. Key data such as geology, grade, and production are scattered across different map records. Staff need to manually summarize and cross-reference the data to achieve data correlation, which is prone to data errors and affects the accuracy of subsequent production decisions.

[0008] ② Insufficient multi-element synergistic expression capability: Actual mine production often requires comprehensive consideration of multiple elements, such as the comprehensive utilization of multiple valuable elements or the elimination of harmful elements. Traditional methods... Figure 1This method can only focus on a single element and cannot achieve the synergistic expression of multiple elements, making it difficult to support the comprehensive utilization and refined mining of mines.

[0009] ③Low mapping efficiency: Geological, grade of different elements, production and other related maps need to be drawn repeatedly, which is cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0010] ④ Lack of integration value: Different graphics do not form a unified visualization expression scheme. If they are simply and crudely superimposed, it will lead to a chaotic picture, difficulty in distinguishing information, and failure to leverage the synergistic effect of multi-dimensional information.

[0011] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for integrated mapping of multiple elements in a single blasting area of ​​a mine, which solves the technical problems of information fragmentation, insufficient collaborative expression of multiple elements, low mapping efficiency, and lack of integration value in traditional single blasting area mapping. It realizes the integrated and visual expression of multiple elements such as geology, grade, and production in a single blasting area, improves mapping efficiency and map practicality, provides accurate map support for refined mining, and promotes the transformation of single blasting area production towards refinement and digitalization.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine, comprising the following steps: S1: Collect all-dimensional basic data of a single explosion zone, and unify the data format and coordinate system; S2: Based on the collected basic data, the ore type in the blasting area is divided into zones, and different patterns are used to fill the areas of different ore types; S3: Enlarge each perforation into a circle, divide the circle into different areas according to valuable and harmful elements, and mark the grade of valuable elements and harmful elements in the corresponding areas, and assign different colors according to the grade of valuable and harmful elements. S4: Based on the quality of valuable elements and harmful elements, the entire blasting area is divided into different segments and marked. Then, distinguishable color blocks are used to fill the different segments. S5: Number the different blocks; S6: Calculate the parameters of each block segment and generate an appendix, then supplement the standard drawing elements.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, the full-dimensional basic data includes the layered map of the blast zone, the boundary of the blast zone, the hole location map of the blast zone, the perforation test information, and the weight of the small body.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the valuable elements include the key valuable elements contained in the ore mined from the mine and the co-occurring elements that are not key valuable elements but are equally valuable.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the method for dividing the circle into different regions is as follows: the circle is divided into a left semicircle and a right semicircle, and the right semicircle is divided into sections from top to bottom.

[0017] Furthermore, the left semicircle is marked with hole numbers and grade information of valuable elements of particular interest; the right semicircle is marked with grade information of harmful elements and grade information of co-occurring elements of similar value but not of particular interest, in a top-to-bottom partition.

[0018] Further, in step S4, the division of the entire blasting area and the filling of different segments with distinguishable color blocks specifically involve: dividing adjacent perforations whose key valuable elements in the left semicircle are all of high grade into high-grade segments; dividing adjacent perforations whose key valuable elements in the left semicircle are all of medium grade into medium-grade segments; and assigning the high-grade and medium-grade segments a relatively light color of the same color family based on the coloring of the key valuable elements in the left semicircle within each segment; then... Then, in the aforementioned high-grade and medium-grade segments, adjacent perforations with excessive levels of harmful elements are separated to form harmful element segments, and filled with a color that is the same as but relatively lighter than the exclusive color scheme set for the harmful elements in the right semicircle of the perforation; perforations that are adjacent in position and whose valuable elements of key concern in the left semicircle are all of low grade are divided into low-grade segments. In the low-grade segments, the low-grade segments are assigned a color of the same color scheme but relatively lighter than the color scheme of the co-occurring elements that have reached the boundary grade in the right semicircle but are not of key concern but are also valuable.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S5, numbering different blocks means using different letters to number different blocks. When the same type of block is located in multiple regions, the same type of block in different regions is numbered at the next level. Preferably, the next level number is composed of the letter number of the block type plus the number.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S6, the parameters include the ore quantity, metal quantity, and average content of each element in each block; and / or, the standard map elements include the responsibility label, map name, basic information of the blasting area, and geological description.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has significant technical advantages, which can be directly reflected in improved mapping efficiency, map usability, and support capabilities for refined mining, as detailed below: ① Addressing the pain point of information fragmentation and significantly improving integration: Key information from three dimensions—geology, multi-element grade, and production—is integrated into a single integrated map, completely eliminating the drawbacks of scattered information in traditional maps and achieving a unified, visualized presentation of information for a single blast zone. Staff can quickly grasp the overall picture of a single blast zone through a single map, greatly improving data interpretation and decision-making efficiency and reducing errors caused by manual aggregation; ② Improve mapping efficiency and practicality: Based on standardized data processing and layered overlay mapping mode, it replaces the traditional manual summary and drawing method, which greatly shortens the mapping cycle and improves mapping efficiency; at the same time, "one map" integrates all elements of information and can be directly used for production guidance and technical briefing, effectively solving the problems of poor practicality and disconnection from production of traditional maps; ③ More refined visualization to support refined mining: The innovative use of visualization rules such as borehole zoning, texture to distinguish ore types, and color gradient to represent grade makes multi-element information clear, intuitive and easy to interpret. It can accurately guide key production links such as borehole layout and blasting parameter optimization, promote the transformation of single blasting area production in mines from "experience-based" to "precision-based", and improve the overall production efficiency of mines. ④ Wide range of applications and strong practicality: It can be widely used in single-blast zone mapping of various metal mines without large-scale modification of existing equipment. It can be directly connected to the existing data acquisition system of the mine. It is easy to operate, easy to promote and apply, and effectively reduces the cost of technology implementation.

[0022] In summary, this invention has significant advantages over existing technologies: by integrating geological, grade, and production information into a unified map, it solves the problem of fragmented information in traditional maps, improving data interpretation and decision-making efficiency; relying on a standardized mapping model, it greatly improves mapping efficiency and map usability, and can directly guide production practices; innovative visualization helps mines to conduct precise and refined mining, further improving production efficiency; at the same time, this technology is applicable to various types of metal mines, easily connects to existing systems, has low implementation costs, and is easy to promote and popularize. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the perforation location in a certain blast zone provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the classification of ore types in a certain blasting area, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-element grade labeling rules for a certain blasting area provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-element grade distribution in a certain blasting area provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the integration of multiple elements in a certain blasting area provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a quality diagram of ore in a certain blasting area provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of the invention and should not be considered as specific limitations thereof. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Process parameters not specifically specified in the following embodiments are generally performed under conventional conditions.

[0026] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this invention are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this invention.

[0027] This invention provides a method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine, comprising the following steps: S1: Collect all-dimensional basic data of a single explosion zone, and unify the data format and coordinate system; S2: Based on the collected basic data, the ore type in the blasting area is divided into zones, and different patterns are used to fill the areas of different ore types; S3: Enlarge each perforation into a circle, divide the circle into different areas according to valuable and harmful elements, and mark the grade of valuable elements and harmful elements in the corresponding areas, and assign different colors according to the grade of valuable and harmful elements. S4: Based on the quality of valuable elements and harmful elements, the entire blasting area is divided into different segments and marked. Then, distinguishable color blocks are used to fill the different segments. S5: Number the different blocks; S6: Calculate the parameters of each block segment and generate an appendix, then supplement the standard drawing elements.

[0028] In this invention, if other information such as characteristic minerals exists in step S1, it can be compiled and databased together to facilitate the subsequent division of different ore type regions based on the characteristic mineral information. A unified data format and coordinate system can achieve precise correspondence between perforation locations and analysis data.

[0029] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the full-dimensional basic data includes the layered map of the blasting area, the boundary of the blasting area, the hole location map of the blasting area, the perforation test information, and the weight of the small body.

[0030] The perforation test information mentioned in this invention refers to elemental grade, including the grade of valuable elements and the grade of harmful elements.

[0031] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the valuable elements include the key valuable elements contained in the ore mined from the mine and the co-occurring elements that are not key valuable elements but are also valuable.

[0032] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the method of dividing the circle into different regions is as follows: the circle is divided into a left semicircle and a right semicircle, and the right semicircle is divided from top to bottom.

[0033] In step S3 of this invention, each perforation is enlarged into a circle and divided into different areas. The perforation number, the grade of different valuable elements, and the grade of harmful elements are marked in the corresponding areas. A unique color tone is assigned to each element, and different areas are assigned corresponding color levels according to the grade of the same element, so as to intuitively present the differences in grade.

[0034] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the division of the entire detonation area and the filling of different segments with distinguishable color blocks specifically involve: dividing perforations that are adjacent in position and whose key valuable elements in the left semicircle are all of high grade into high-grade segments; dividing perforations that are adjacent in position and whose key valuable elements in the left semicircle are all of medium grade into medium-grade segments; and assigning the high-grade segments and medium-grade segments the same color scheme and relatively light color according to the coloring of the key valuable elements in the left semicircle of each segment. The process involves several steps: First, within the high-grade and medium-grade segments, adjacent perforations with excessive levels of harmful elements are separated to form harmful element segments. These segments are then filled with a lighter shade of the same color scheme as the harmful elements designated for the right semicircle of the perforation. Second, perforations adjacent to each other and whose left semicircle contains low-grade valuable elements are divided into low-grade segments. Within these low-grade segments, the color scheme of the associated but non-critical elements that reach the boundary grade in the right semicircle is used to assign the low-grade segments a lighter shade of the same color scheme. This method of assigning segments a color scheme consistent with the value of the elements in question makes it easier for staff to identify the characteristics of each segment.

[0035] There must be at least three adjacent perforations in the same block. If there are fewer than three perforations that meet the requirements for forming a block, they will not be divided separately and can be directly divided into the adjacent blocks.

[0036] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, numbering the corresponding area refers to using letters to number the corresponding area according to the type of ore block segment in the blasting zone.

[0037] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S6, the parameters include the ore quantity, metal quantity, and average content of each element in each block; and / or, the standard map elements include the responsibility label, map name, basic information of the blasting area, and geological description.

[0038] In step S6, the drawings must be made in accordance with industry standards and be traceable.

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0040] Example Taking a blasting area in an open-pit mine as a practical application case, a total of 76 drilling points were constructed and sampled for testing. The main element was TFe, and it also contained other valuable elements A and B (i.e., co-occurring elements that are not of primary concern but are also valuable), as well as the harmful element Ms.

[0041] S1: Collect and organize data, including the layered map of the blast area, blast area boundaries, perforation locations, hole numbers, and analytical data for each perforation (including the grades of TFe, MFe, Ms, and valuable elements A and B), and mineralogical data (i.e., the types of major minerals). Unify the coordinate system for the blast area boundaries and perforation locations (see...). Figure 1 This allows for a one-to-one correspondence between test data and puncture hole numbers and locations, and also enables the creation of an Excel database.

[0042] S2: Construct an ore type layer. Combining the blasting stratification map, on-site observation results, and test data, determine that the area mainly consists of dolomite and slate type ores. The east and west sides are slate type, represented by wavy stripes; the middle is dolomite type, represented by a grid pattern (see...). Figure 2 ).

[0043] S3: Construct a method for expressing multi-element grade information of perforated holes. The perforation number and multi-element grade information are expressed in a complete circle (see...). Figure 3This mine primarily mines iron ore. TFe and MFE are the key valuable elements requiring close monitoring, while Ms is a hazardous element. The specific rules for representation are as follows: The left semicircle is labeled from top to bottom with the borehole number, TFe grade, and MFE grade. This semicircle is divided into color grades according to the TFe grade: red for TFe ≥ 30 (high grade), purple for 20 ≤ TFe < 30 (medium grade), and gray for TFe < 20 (low grade). The right semicircle is divided into three parts from top to bottom, with the Ms grade indicated at the top. For production requirements, areas exceeding the Ms standard are filled with dark yellow, while areas meeting the standard are filled with light yellow. The middle of the right semicircle indicates the grade of other valuable element A; areas exceeding the industrial grade are filled with dark green, areas exceeding the boundary grade but not reaching the industrial grade are filled with light green, and areas not reaching the boundary grade are filled with gray. The lower part of the right semicircle indicates the grade of other valuable element B; areas exceeding the industrial grade are filled with dark blue, areas exceeding the boundary grade but not reaching the industrial grade are filled with light blue, and areas not reaching the boundary grade are filled with gray (see...). Figure 4 ).

[0044] S4: Divide the area into blocks. This blast zone is mainly composed of iron ore, and Ms is a harmful element that affects production. The specific division rules are as follows: The adjacent perforations in the left semicircle (marked in red) are divided into high-grade iron ore blocks and filled. Light red blocks; the perforations in the left semicircle that are purple and adjacent to each other are divided into medium-grade iron ore blocks and filled with light purple blocks; among the light red and light purple blocks, the perforations in the upper right semicircle that are dark yellow and adjacent to each other are separately divided into high-sulfur blocks and filled with light yellow blocks; the remaining areas (i.e., low-grade blocks divided by perforations in the left semicircle where the grade of the valuable element of interest is low) are mainly the distribution area of ​​valuable element B, and the areas where the grade reaches the boundary grade are filled with light blue blocks (see...). Figure 5 ).

[0045] S5: Mark the main mineral symbols. The high-sulfur block is mainly composed of pyrrhotite, and "Po" is marked in the high-sulfur block to indicate pyrrhotite; the valuable element B block is mainly composed of monazite, and "Mnz" is marked in this area to indicate monazite (see...). Figure 5 ).

[0046] S6: Refine the map, number each block, label high-grade iron ore blocks as G, and further label them as G1, G2, etc. according to their quantity; label medium-grade iron ore blocks as Z, and further label them as Z1, Z2, Z3 according to their quantity; label high-sulfur blocks as S, and further label them as S1, S2 according to their quantity; label valuable element B blocks as B, and further label them as B1, B2 according to their quantity; calculate the ore quantity, metal content, and average values ​​of each element for each block, and compile a block appendix table to be attached to the map; compile the borehole number, element content, and other information into an appendix table and attach it to the map; at the same time, add elements such as the responsibility label, map title, basic information on the blasting area, and geological description to ensure the map is standardized and complete (see...). Figure 6 ).

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Collect all-dimensional basic data of a single explosion zone, and unify the data format and coordinate system; S2: Based on the collected basic data, the ore type in the blasting area is divided into zones, and different patterns are used to fill the areas of different ore types; S3: Enlarge each perforation into a circle, divide the circle into different areas according to valuable and harmful elements, and mark the grade of valuable elements and harmful elements in the corresponding areas, and assign different colors according to the grade of valuable and harmful elements. S4: Based on the quality of valuable elements and harmful elements, the entire blasting area is divided into different segments and marked. Then, distinguishable color blocks are used to fill the different segments. S5: Number the different blocks; S6: Calculate the parameters of each block segment and generate an appendix, then supplement the standard drawing elements.

2. The method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the full-dimensional basic data includes the layered map of the blast zone, the boundary of the blast zone, the hole location map of the blast zone, the perforation test information, and the weight of the small body.

3. The method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the valuable elements include the key valuable elements contained in the ore mined from the mine and the co-occurring elements that are not key valuable elements but are also valuable.

4. The method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the method for dividing the circle into different regions is as follows: divide the circle into a left semicircle and a right semicircle, and divide the right semicircle into sections from top to bottom.

5. The method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The left semicircle is marked with the hole number and the grade information of valuable elements of key concern; the right semicircle is marked with the grade information of harmful elements and the grade information of co-occurring elements that are not of key concern but are equally valuable in the top-to-bottom divisions.

6. The method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the division of the entire detonation area and the filling of different segments with distinguishable color blocks specifically involve: dividing adjacent perforations with high-grade valuable elements in the left semicircle into high-grade segments; dividing adjacent perforations with medium-grade valuable elements in the left semicircle into medium-grade segments; and assigning the high-grade and medium-grade segments a relatively light color of the same color family based on the coloring of the valuable elements in the left semicircle within each segment; then... In the aforementioned high-grade and medium-grade segments, adjacent perforations with excessive levels of harmful elements are separated to form harmful element segments, which are then filled with a relatively lighter color that matches the exclusive color scheme of the harmful elements set in the right semicircle of the perforation. Perforations that are adjacent in position and whose valuable elements of key concern in the left semicircle are all of low grade are separated into low-grade segments. In the low-grade segments, the low-grade segments are assigned a relatively lighter color of the same color scheme based on the color scheme of the non-key concern but equally valuable co-occurring elements in the right semicircle that have reached the boundary grade.

7. The method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, numbering different blocks means using different letters to number different blocks. When the same type of block is located in multiple regions, the same type of block in different regions is numbered at the next level. Preferably, the next level number is composed of the letter number of the block type plus the number.

8. The method for integrating multiple elements into a single blasting zone in an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the parameters include the ore quantity, metal quantity, and average content of each element in each block; and / or, the standard map elements include the responsibility label, map name, basic information of the blasting area, and geological description.

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