A method and system for extracting crack morphology and calculating fractal dimension in ice fracture surfaces
By loading ice slices, spraying developing agent, and 3D scanning, combined with fractal dimension calculation, the problem of extracting sea ice cracks in polar ice regions was solved, enabling precise quantification of ice cross-sectional geometry and exploration of the physical laws of sea ice.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
The geometric morphology and physical properties of sea ice in polar ice regions are complex, and traditional measurement methods are difficult to efficiently extract the morphology of ice cross-section cracks, making it difficult to reveal the physical laws governing sea ice breakage.
By loading ice slices, spraying them with a developer, and scanning them with a 3D scanner, a three-dimensional pressure map is constructed and cut into two-dimensional contour lines. Combined with fractal dimension calculation methods, the ice cross-sectional cracks are clearly visualized and their geometric structure is quantified.
It enables accurate extraction of ice cross-sectional cracks and efficient calculation of fractal dimension, providing more accurate data support for ice load analysis and sea ice breakage excitation research, reducing costs and improving efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122492927A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of sea ice mechanical properties technology, specifically to a method and system that combines ice cross-sectional crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation. Background Technology
[0002] When ships enter polar ice zones, the ice loads exerted by the sea ice are extremely destructive, posing significant risks and challenges to the vessels in the polar environment. Therefore, it is essential to conduct collision simulation experiments between polar sea ice and ships to study the physical characteristics of polar sea ice. Based on these physical characteristics, corresponding strategies can be adopted to address the problem of the extremely destructive ice loads exerted by polar sea ice on ships.
[0003] However, the geometry and physical properties of sea ice in polar ice regions are complex, making it difficult to extract the crack morphology of ice cross sections using traditional measurement methods. Furthermore, these methods are costly and inefficient, making it difficult to reveal new physical laws governing sea ice breakage. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a method and system that combines ice cross-sectional crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation to solve the problem that the existing polar ice regions have complex sea ice geometry and physical properties, and traditional measurement methods are difficult to extract ice cross-sectional crack morphology, and are costly and inefficient, making it difficult to reveal new physical laws of sea ice breakage.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the inventors provide a method combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation, comprising the following steps:
[0006] The contact surface of the ice slice is loaded until the ice slice forms an ice cross section, and the pressure value in the direction of the force on the ice slice is collected.
[0007] Spray developing agent onto the ice section of the ice slice;
[0008] After the developer dries and cures, the ice cross-section is scanned from all angles using a 3D scanner to obtain an ice cross-section model.
[0009] By mapping the ice cross-section model to the collected pressure values in coordinates, a three-dimensional pressure map is constructed.
[0010] A two-dimensional contour line is obtained by cutting the three-dimensional pressure map with a plane parallel to the contact surface of the ice slice;
[0011] By forming corresponding circular chains on a two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii, the radius r of the circles of different radii and the number N(r) of the circular chains formed on the two-dimensional contour line are recorded.
[0012] The equation is obtained by fitting the coordinate system with different radii r of circles and the corresponding number of circles N(r). c is a constant, and then the fractal dimension D is calculated.
[0013] In some embodiments, the ice slices are prepared as follows:
[0014] Select ice samples that conform to the physical characteristics of polar sea ice, and remove impurities, snow and weathering layer from the sample surface;
[0015] The ice sample is sliced using a bone saw, with the sliced plane perpendicular or parallel to the stratification direction of the ice sample.
[0016] In some embodiments, after slicing the ice sample using a bone saw, the method further includes the following steps:
[0017] The surface of the sliced ice sample is then polished.
[0018] In some embodiments, loading the contact surface of the ice slice specifically includes the following steps:
[0019] The ice slice is fixed in the cryogenic fixture of the cryogenic universal testing machine, and the cryogenic fixture is in close contact with the ice slice without applying any additional stress.
[0020] The ice slices were loaded using a low-temperature universal testing machine.
[0021] In some embodiments, forming a corresponding circular chain on a two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii specifically includes the following steps;
[0022] Randomly select a starting point on the two-dimensional contour line;
[0023] Draw a circle with the starting point as the center and a preset radius.
[0024] Next, using the intersection of the new circle and the two-dimensional contour line as the new center, draw a circle with a preset radius, and repeat this process until the generated circular chain traverses the two-dimensional contour line once.
[0025] By changing the radius, circular chains are formed on the two-dimensional contour line following the steps described above;
[0026] Record different radii and the number of circles required to form a circular chain on a two-dimensional profile.
[0027] Another technical solution is also provided: a system that combines ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation, including:
[0028] A universal testing machine is used to load ice slices until they form an ice cross-section.
[0029] A pressure sensor matrix is set on the universal testing machine at a position for collecting the pressure of the ice slice in the direction of force. The pressure sensor matrix is used to collect the pressure values of the ice slice in different directions of force during the loading process.
[0030] A sprayer for spraying a developer onto the ice cross-section of an ice slice;
[0031] A 3D scanner is used to scan the ice cross-section from all angles after the developer has dried and solidified, to obtain an ice cross-section model.
[0032] A processor, connected to the pressure sensor matrix, sprayer, and 3D scanner, is used to map the ice cross-section model to the collected pressure values in coordinates, constructing a three-dimensional pressure map. A two-dimensional contour line is obtained by cutting the three-dimensional pressure map with a plane parallel to the contact surface of the ice slice. Circles of different radii are used to form corresponding circular chains on the two-dimensional contour line, and the radius r of each circle and the number N(r) of the circular chains formed on the two-dimensional contour line are recorded. An equation is obtained by fitting the coordinate system based on the radius r of each circle and the corresponding number of circles N(r). Then, the fractal dimension D can be calculated.
[0033] In some embodiments, it also includes:
[0034] A bone saw is used to slice layered ice samples that conform to the physical characteristics of polar sea ice after removing impurities, snow, and weathering layers from the sample surface.
[0035] In some embodiments, it also includes:
[0036] A grinding machine, used to grind the surface of sliced ice samples.
[0037] In some embodiments, the universal testing machine is a low-temperature universal testing machine, which includes a low-temperature fixture for close contact of ice slices without applying additional stress.
[0038] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to, when forming a corresponding circular chain on a two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii, randomly select a starting point on the two-dimensional contour line; draw a circle with the starting point as the center and a preset radius; then draw a circle with the intersection of the new circle and the two-dimensional contour line as the new center and a preset radius, repeating this process until the generated circular chain traverses the two-dimensional contour line once; change to different radii and form a circular chain on the two-dimensional contour line according to the above steps; record the different radii and the number of circles required to form a circular chain on the two-dimensional contour line.
[0039] Unlike existing technologies, the above technical solution loads the contact surface of an ice slice until an ice cross-section is formed, while simultaneously collecting pressure values in the direction of the force applied to the ice slice. Then, a developer is sprayed onto the ice cross-section. After the developer dries and cures, a 3D scanner is used to scan the ice cross-section from all angles to obtain an ice cross-section model. The ice cross-section model is then mapped to the collected pressure values to construct a three-dimensional pressure map. A two-dimensional contour line is obtained by cutting the three-dimensional pressure map with a plane parallel to the contact surface of the ice slice. Different circular chains are formed on the two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii. The radius r of each circle and the number N(r) of the circular chains formed on the two-dimensional contour line are recorded. An equation representing this is obtained by fitting the coordinate system based on the radius r of each circle and the corresponding number of circles N(r). Furthermore, the fractal dimension D is calculated. By using a developing agent, the fine structures such as the interior, branches, and tips of cracks in the ice cross-section can be clearly visualized, solving the technical problem of difficulty in identifying ice cross-section cracks due to the transparency and reflectivity of sea ice. At the same time, the 3D scanner can completely restore the three-dimensional spatial morphology of ice cross-section cracks, providing data support for more accurate ice load analysis and research on sea ice breakage excitation. In addition, the introduction of fractal dimension effectively quantifies the ice cross-section contour and geometric structure, laying the foundation for further exploration of the physical properties and laws of sea ice.
[0040] The above description of the invention is merely an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application and to implement it based on the description and drawings, and to make the above-mentioned objectives and other objectives, features and advantages of this application easier to understand, the following description is provided in conjunction with the specific embodiments and drawings of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0041] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the principles, implementation methods, applications, features, and effects of specific embodiments of this application and other related content, and should not be considered as limitations on this application.
[0042] In the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual:
[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific implementation method that combines ice cross-sectional crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation.
[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for preparing ice slices according to a specific implementation.
[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another process for preparing ice slices according to a specific embodiment;
[0046] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of another process for the method of combining ice cross-section crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation described in the specific implementation;
[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a system that combines ice cross-sectional crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation as described in a specific implementation.
[0048] The reference numerals used in the above figures are explained as follows:
[0049] 510. Universal testing machine
[0050] 520. Pressure sensor matrix
[0051] 530. Sprayer
[0052] 540, 3D scanner
[0053] 550, Processor. Detailed Implementation
[0054] To illustrate the possible application scenarios, technical principles, implementable specific solutions, and achievable objectives and effects of this application in detail, the following description, in conjunction with the listed specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed explanation. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.
[0055] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it specifically limit its independence or connection with other embodiments. In principle, in this application, as long as there are no technical contradictions or conflicts, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form corresponding implementable technical solutions.
[0056] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the use of related terms herein is merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.
[0057] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" logical relationship.
[0058] In this application, terms such as “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, hierarchy or order relationship between these entities or operations.
[0059] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” or other similar expressions in this application is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, or product that includes the stated elements, such that a process, method, or product that includes a list of elements may include not only those defined elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, or product.
[0060] As understood in the Examination Guidelines, in this application, expressions such as "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; expressions such as "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups" and "multiple times," unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0061] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the space-related expressions used, such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings. They are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments of this application or for the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the system or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.
[0062] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting," as used in the description of the embodiments of this application, should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art to which this application pertains, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0063] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a method combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation, including the following steps:
[0064] Step S110: Load the contact surface of the ice slice until the ice slice forms an ice cross section, and collect the pressure value in the direction of force on the ice slice;
[0065] Step S120: Spray developing agent onto the ice section of the ice slice;
[0066] Step S130: After the developer has dried and cured, the ice cross-section is scanned from all angles using a 3D scanner to obtain an ice cross-section model;
[0067] Step S140: Correspond the ice cross-section model with the collected pressure values to construct a three-dimensional pressure map;
[0068] Step S150: Cut the three-dimensional pressure map with a plane parallel to the contact surface of the ice slice to obtain a two-dimensional contour line;
[0069] Step S160: Form corresponding circular chains on the two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii, and record the radius r of the circles of different radii and the number N(r) of the circular chains formed on the two-dimensional contour line.
[0070] Step S170: Fit the equation in the coordinate system based on the radius r of different circles and the corresponding number of circles N(r) to obtain the representation equation. c is a constant, and then the fractal dimension D is calculated.
[0071] By loading the contact surface of an ice slice until an ice cross-section is formed, and simultaneously collecting pressure values in the direction of force application, a developer is sprayed onto the ice cross-section. After the developer dries and cures, the ice cross-section is scanned from all angles using a 3D scanner to obtain an ice cross-section model. The ice cross-section model is then mapped to the collected pressure values to construct a three-dimensional pressure map. A two-dimensional contour line is obtained by cutting the three-dimensional pressure map with a plane parallel to the contact surface of the ice slice. Different circular chains are formed on the two-dimensional contour line by circles of different radii. The radius r of the circles and the number N(r) of the circular chains formed on the two-dimensional contour line are recorded. Based on the radius r of the different circles and the corresponding number of circles N(r), an equation is obtained by fitting the coordinate system. Furthermore, the fractal dimension D is calculated. By using a developing agent, the fine structures such as the interior, branches, and tips of cracks in the ice cross-section can be clearly visualized, solving the technical problem of difficulty in identifying ice cross-section cracks due to the transparency and reflectivity of sea ice. At the same time, the 3D scanner can completely restore the three-dimensional spatial morphology of ice cross-section cracks, providing data support for more accurate ice load analysis and research on sea ice breakage excitation. In addition, the introduction of fractal dimension effectively quantifies the ice cross-section contour and geometric structure, laying the foundation for further exploration of the physical properties and laws of sea ice.
[0072] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the ice slices are prepared as follows:
[0073] Step S210: Select ice layer samples that conform to the physical characteristics of polar sea ice, and remove impurities, snow and weathering layer from the sample surface;
[0074] Step S220: Slice the ice sample using a bone saw, with the slice plane perpendicular or parallel to the stratification direction of the ice sample.
[0075] By selecting ice samples that conform to the physical characteristics of polar sea ice, impurities, snow, and weathering layers on the surface of the ice samples are removed to ensure the integrity of the original ice body. The ice is then sliced according to experimental requirements using a bone saw. The slicing plane is perpendicular or parallel to the layering direction of the ice sample to accommodate the crack generation requirements under different stress directions.
[0076] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, after slicing the ice sample with a bone saw, the method further includes the following steps:
[0077] Step S230: Polish the surface of the sliced ice sample.
[0078] After cutting the ice sample, the surface of the slice is lightly polished to remove cutting marks and ensure that the upper and lower surfaces of the ice slice are flat and free of initial cracks or damage.
[0079] In some embodiments, loading the contact surface of the ice slice specifically includes the following steps:
[0080] The ice slice is fixed in the cryogenic fixture of the cryogenic universal testing machine, and the cryogenic fixture is in close contact with the ice slice without applying any additional stress.
[0081] The ice slices were loaded using a low-temperature universal testing machine.
[0082] By fixing the ice slice in the cryogenic fixture of the cryogenic universal testing machine, the physical properties of the ice slice are avoided from being affected by temperature changes. At the same time, it is ensured that the cryogenic fixture is in close contact with the ice slice without additional stress, thus avoiding external forces from affecting the formation of the ice cross section on the ice slice.
[0083] In some embodiments, forming a corresponding circular chain on a two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii specifically includes the following steps;
[0084] Randomly select a starting point on the two-dimensional contour line;
[0085] Draw a circle with the starting point as the center and a preset radius.
[0086] Next, using the intersection of the new circle and the two-dimensional contour line as the new center, draw a circle with a preset radius, and repeat this process until the generated circular chain traverses the two-dimensional contour line once.
[0087] By changing the radius, circular chains are formed on the two-dimensional contour line following the steps described above;
[0088] Record different radii and the number of circles required to form a circular chain on a two-dimensional profile.
[0089] Use a plane parallel to the contact surface to cut the 3D pressure map and extract the 2D contour line. On the obtained 2D contour line, arbitrarily select a starting point and draw a circle with a given radius r1. Then, using the intersection of this circle and the contour line as the new center, continue drawing circles of the same radius, repeating this process until the generated circular chain traverses the contour line. Keeping the 2D contour line unchanged, change to different radii r2, r3, ..., and repeat this operation, recording the different radii r and the corresponding required number of circles N(r).
[0090] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, a method combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation is provided, including the following steps:
[0091] 1. Select ice samples that conform to the physical characteristics of polar sea ice, remove impurities, snow and weathering layers from the sample surface to ensure the integrity of the original ice body.
[0092] 2. According to the experimental requirements, the ice samples are sliced using a calculus machine. The slicing plane is perpendicular or parallel to the layering direction of the ice to accommodate the crack generation requirements under different stress directions. After slicing, the surface of the slice is lightly polished to remove cutting marks and ensure that the upper and lower surfaces of the slice are flat and free of initial cracks or damage.
[0093] 3. Fix the ice slice in the cryogenic fixture of the testing machine, ensuring that the fixture and the ice slice are in close contact and that no additional stress is applied. Place the sensor in the direction of force on the ice slice.
[0094] 4. Perform a fracture test on the ice slice: Load the ice slice using a low-temperature universal testing machine until obvious macroscopic cracks appear and a complete ice fracture surface is formed. After stopping the loading, quickly remove the ice slice with the cracked fracture surface to avoid secondary crack propagation or fracture surface damage during transport. Conduct a preliminary observation of the fractured ice fracture surface and record the approximate morphology of the cracks for subsequent development and scanning processing.
[0095] 5. Select an environmentally friendly, high-contrast developer and spray it onto the ice cross-section inside a cryogenic chamber. After the developer has naturally dried and cured, check the development effect. Use a 3D scanner to scan the ice cross-section from all angles. Store the scan data in real time. After scanning is complete, generate a complete ice cross-section model.
[0096] 6. The pressure value at the contact point is collected by the pressure sensor, and the coordinates (x, y, z coordinates) are matched with the pressure value one by one. The data is then compiled into a data table and a three-dimensional pressure map is drawn.
[0097] 7. Use a plane parallel to the contact surface to cut the 3D pressure map and extract the 2D contour line. On the obtained 2D contour line, arbitrarily select a starting point and draw a circle with a given radius r1. Then, using the intersection of this circle and the contour line as the new center, continue drawing circles of the same radius, repeating this process until the generated circular chain traverses the contour line. Keeping the 2D contour line unchanged, change to different radii r2, r3, ..., and repeat this operation, recording the different radii r and the corresponding required number of circles N(r).
[0098] 8. Plot the data points on a coordinate system with radius r as the x-axis and quantity N(r) as the y-axis, and then fit the data. The fitted equation can be expressed as: Where c is a constant, and the exponent D is the fractal dimension. By organizing the data, we can obtain the specific fractal dimensions of ice cross-sections under different working conditions. As a core concept in fractal geometry, the fractal dimension accurately describes the macroscopic complexity and irregularity of the ice cross-section profile. The larger the fractal dimension D, the rougher the ice cross-section and the more complex the cracks; the closer D is to 1, the smoother the ice cross-section profile. This allows us to quantify the ice cross-section profile and geometric structure.
[0099] A precise ice cross-section crack shape extraction strategy was adopted, using a developer and a 3D scanner as acquisition devices to make the originally transparent and difficult-to-extract ice cross-section crack shape significant and visualized, thus achieving precise extraction of the ice cross-section geometry.
[0100] The fractal dimension is introduced as a tool to quantitatively analyze the geometric morphology and physical laws of ice cross-sections, solving the problem that traditional geometry cannot describe the irregularity of ice cross-sections. At the same time, it provides a new reference method for exploring the mechanism of ice fracture under stress.
[0101] An integrated collaborative mechanism was established to achieve seamless integration from capturing ice cross-sectional crack morphology to quantitative analysis, which greatly improved the engineering practicality and scenario adaptability, and provided new technical support for research such as anti-ice design of polar ships and numerical simulation of ship-ice collisions.
[0102] An integrated solution is proposed for the accurate extraction of ice crack shapes and efficient calculation of fractal dimension. This significantly reduces the difficulty and cost of ice crack shape extraction, greatly improves efficiency and accuracy, and allows for the quantification of the self-similarity and irregularity of the ice cross-section geometry and spatial distribution by introducing fractal dimension.
[0103] Please see Figure 5 A system combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation includes:
[0104] Universal testing machine 510, which is used to load ice slices until they form ice cross-sections;
[0105] A pressure sensor matrix 520 is installed on the universal testing machine at the position for collecting the pressure of the ice slice in the direction of force. The pressure sensor matrix 520 is used to collect the pressure values of the ice slice in different directions of force during the loading process.
[0106] Sprayer 530, the sprayer 530 being used to spray a developer onto the ice cross-section of an ice slice;
[0107] 3D scanner 540, which is used to scan the ice cross-section from all angles after the developer has dried and cured, to obtain an ice cross-section model;
[0108] A processor 550, connected to the pressure sensor matrix 520, the sprayer 530, and the 3D scanner 540, is used to construct a three-dimensional pressure map by mapping the ice cross-section model to the collected pressure values in coordinates; to obtain a two-dimensional contour line by cutting the three-dimensional pressure map with a plane parallel to the contact surface of the ice slice; to form corresponding circular chains on the two-dimensional contour line by circles of different radii, and to record the radius r of the circles of different radii and the number N(r) of the circular chains formed on the two-dimensional contour line; and to obtain an expression equation by fitting the coordinate system according to the radius r of the different circles and the corresponding number of circles N(r). Then, the fractal dimension D can be calculated.
[0109] The contact surface of the ice slice is loaded using a universal testing machine 510 until an ice cross-section is formed. Simultaneously, a pressure sensor matrix 520 collects the pressure values in the direction of the force applied to the ice slice and sends these values to a processor 550. Then, a developer is sprayed onto the ice cross-section using a sprayer 520. After the developer dries and cures, a 3D scanner performs a full-angle scan of the ice cross-section to obtain an ice cross-section model. This model is sent to the processor 550, which maps the ice cross-section model to the collected pressure values to construct a three-dimensional pressure map. A two-dimensional contour line is obtained by cutting the three-dimensional pressure map with a plane parallel to the contact surface of the ice slice. Different circular chains are formed on the two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii. The radius r of each circle and the number N(r) of the circular chains formed on the two-dimensional contour line are recorded. An equation is obtained by fitting the coordinate system based on the radius r and the corresponding number of circles N(r). Furthermore, the fractal dimension D is calculated. By using a developing agent, the fine structures such as the interior, branches, and tips of cracks in the ice cross-section can be clearly visualized, solving the technical problem of difficulty in identifying ice cross-section cracks due to the transparency and reflectivity of sea ice. At the same time, the 3D scanner can completely restore the three-dimensional spatial morphology of ice cross-section cracks, providing data support for more accurate ice load analysis and research on sea ice breakage excitation. In addition, the introduction of fractal dimension effectively quantifies the ice cross-section contour and geometric structure, laying the foundation for further exploration of the physical properties and laws of sea ice.
[0110] In some embodiments, it also includes:
[0111] A bone saw is used to slice layered ice samples that conform to the physical characteristics of polar sea ice after removing impurities, snow, and weathering layers from the sample surface.
[0112] By selecting ice samples that conform to the physical characteristics of polar sea ice, impurities, snow, and weathering layers on the surface of the ice samples are removed to ensure the integrity of the original ice body. The ice is then sliced according to experimental requirements using a bone saw. The slicing plane is perpendicular or parallel to the layering direction of the ice sample to accommodate the crack generation requirements under different stress directions.
[0113] In some embodiments, it also includes:
[0114] A grinding machine, used to grind the surface of sliced ice samples.
[0115] After cutting the ice sample, the surface of the slice is lightly polished to remove cutting marks and ensure that the upper and lower surfaces of the ice slice are flat and free of initial cracks or damage.
[0116] In some embodiments, the universal testing machine is a low-temperature universal testing machine, which includes a low-temperature fixture for close contact of ice slices without applying additional stress.
[0117] By fixing the ice slice in the cryogenic fixture of the cryogenic universal testing machine, the physical properties of the ice slice are avoided from being affected by temperature changes. At the same time, it is ensured that the cryogenic fixture is in close contact with the ice slice without additional stress, thus avoiding external forces from affecting the formation of the ice cross section on the ice slice.
[0118] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to, when forming a corresponding circular chain on a two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii, randomly select a starting point on the two-dimensional contour line; draw a circle with the starting point as the center and a preset radius; then draw a circle with the intersection of the new circle and the two-dimensional contour line as the new center and a preset radius, repeating this process until the generated circular chain traverses the two-dimensional contour line once; change to different radii and form a circular chain on the two-dimensional contour line according to the above steps; record the different radii and the number of circles required to form a circular chain on the two-dimensional contour line.
[0119] Use a plane parallel to the contact surface to cut the 3D pressure map and extract the 2D contour line. On the obtained 2D contour line, arbitrarily select a starting point and draw a circle with a given radius r1. Then, using the intersection of this circle and the contour line as the new center, continue drawing circles of the same radius, repeating this process until the generated circular chain traverses the contour line. Keeping the 2D contour line unchanged, change to different radii r2, r3, ..., and repeat this operation, recording the different radii r and the corresponding required number of circles N(r).
[0120] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the text and drawings of this application, this should not limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Any technical solutions that are based on the essential concept of this application and utilize the content described in the text and drawings of this application, resulting in equivalent structural or procedural substitutions or modifications, as well as the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the above embodiments to other related technical fields, are all included within the scope of patent protection of this application.
Claims
1. A method combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The contact surface of the ice slice is loaded until the ice slice forms an ice cross section, and the pressure value in the direction of the force on the ice slice is collected. Spray developing agent onto the ice section of the ice slice; After the developer dries and cures, the ice cross-section is scanned from all angles using a 3D scanner to obtain an ice cross-section model. By mapping the ice cross-section model to the collected pressure values in coordinates, a three-dimensional pressure map is constructed. A two-dimensional contour line is obtained by cutting the three-dimensional pressure map with a plane parallel to the contact surface of the ice slice; By forming corresponding circular chains on a two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii, the radius r of the circles of different radii and the number N(r) of the circular chains formed on the two-dimensional contour line are recorded. The equation is obtained by fitting the coordinate system with different radii r of circles and the corresponding number of circles N(r). c is a constant, and then the fractal dimension D is calculated.
2. The method for combining ice fracture surface crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the ice slices is as follows: Select ice samples that conform to the physical characteristics of polar sea ice, and remove impurities, snow and weathering layer from the sample surface; The ice sample is sliced using a bone saw, with the sliced plane perpendicular or parallel to the stratification direction of the ice sample.
3. The method for combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation according to claim 2, characterized in that, After slicing the ice sample using a bone saw, the process also includes the following steps: The surface of the sliced ice sample is then polished.
4. The method for combining ice fracture surface crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading of the contact surface of the ice slice specifically includes the following steps: The ice slice is fixed in the cryogenic fixture of the cryogenic universal testing machine, and the cryogenic fixture is in close contact with the ice slice without applying any additional stress. The ice slices were loaded using a low-temperature universal testing machine.
5. The method for combining ice fracture surface crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of forming a corresponding circular chain on a two-dimensional contour line using circles of different radii specifically includes the following steps; Randomly select a starting point on the two-dimensional contour line; Draw a circle with the starting point as the center and a preset radius. Next, using the intersection of the new circle and the two-dimensional contour line as the new center, draw a circle with a preset radius, and repeat this process until the generated circular chain traverses the two-dimensional contour line once. By changing the radius, circular chains are formed on the two-dimensional contour line following the steps described above; Record different radii and the number of circles required to form a circular chain on a two-dimensional profile.
6. A system combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation, characterized in that, include: A universal testing machine is used to load ice slices until they form an ice cross-section. A pressure sensor matrix is set on the universal testing machine at a position for collecting the pressure of the ice slice in the direction of force. The pressure sensor matrix is used to collect the pressure values of the ice slice in different directions of force during the loading process. A sprayer for spraying a developer onto the ice cross-section of an ice slice; A 3D scanner is used to scan the ice cross-section from all angles after the developer has dried and solidified, to obtain an ice cross-section model. A processor, connected to the pressure sensor matrix, sprayer, and 3D scanner, is used to map the ice cross-section model to the collected pressure values in coordinates, constructing a three-dimensional pressure map. A two-dimensional contour line is obtained by cutting the three-dimensional pressure map with a plane parallel to the contact surface of the ice slice. Circles of different radii are used to form corresponding circular chains on the two-dimensional contour line, and the radius r of each circle and the number N(r) of the circular chains formed on the two-dimensional contour line are recorded. An equation is obtained by fitting the coordinate system based on the radius r of each circle and the corresponding number of circles N(r). Then, the fractal dimension D can be calculated.
7. The system for combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: A bone saw is used to slice ice slices from layered ice samples that conform to the physical characteristics of polar sea ice after removing impurities, snow, and weathering layers from the sample surface.
8. The system for combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A grinding machine, used to grind the surface of sliced ice samples.
9. The system for combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The universal testing machine is a low-temperature universal testing machine, which includes a low-temperature fixture for close contact of ice slices without applying additional stress.
10. The system for combining ice fracture crack morphology extraction and fractal dimension calculation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The processor is also used to randomly select a starting point on the two-dimensional contour line when forming a corresponding circular chain using circles of different radii; draw a circle with the starting point as the center and a preset radius; then draw a circle with the intersection of the new circle and the two-dimensional contour line as the new center and a preset radius, repeating this process until the generated circular chain traverses the two-dimensional contour line once; change to different radii and form a circular chain on the two-dimensional contour line according to the above steps; record the different radii and the number of circles required to form a circular chain on the two-dimensional contour line.