A hydrogen gas combustion explosion risk early warning method, device, equipment and medium for a closed space

Abstract

This application relates to the field of safety monitoring technology, and discloses a method, device, equipment, and medium for early warning of hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces. The method involves acquiring hydrogen sensing signals and internal pressure in a target compartment, converting the hydrogen sensing signals into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment, correcting the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure of the target compartment under the internal pressure, using the lower limit of flammable partial pressure and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment to assess the combustion and explosion risk, obtaining a combustion and explosion risk index, and implementing safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk index to manage the safety of the target compartment and its surrounding space. Its beneficial effects are that it overcomes the distortion effect of environmental pressure on sensing signals, enables dynamic safety management based on the complex pressure distribution between different compartments, and effectively improves the accuracy of judging the risk of hydrogen combustion and explosion in confined spaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of safety monitoring technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and medium for early warning of hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands of deep-sea exploration and operations, hydrogen fuel cells are being gradually introduced as a new power source for underwater confined spaces such as manned submersibles, underwater workstations, and the power compartments of unmanned underwater vehicles. However, the introduction of hydrogen fuel cells has also led to the extremely wide flammability and explosion limits of hydrogen becoming one of the most dangerous safety hazards in these confined spaces. In related technologies, a 4% volume fraction is typically used as the lower flammable limit (LFL) of hydrogen, but this is only a simplified expression under normal pressure. Underwater confined spaces create complex environments with multiple compartments and varying pressures. The LFL of hydrogen under normal pressure cannot be directly applied to underwater confined spaces, and the accuracy of assessing the risk of hydrogen flammability and explosion in underwater confined spaces still needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method, device, equipment, and medium for early warning of hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces. It overcomes the distortion effect of environmental pressure on sensor signals, and can perform dynamic safety management based on the complex pressure distribution between different compartments, effectively improving the accuracy of judging hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted in this application include: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for early warning of hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces, the method comprising: The hydrogen sensing signal and the pressure inside the target compartment are acquired, and the hydrogen sensing signal is converted into a partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment. The lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment is environmentally corrected based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure of the target compartment under the internal pressure; the lower limit of flammable partial pressure and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment are used to conduct a combustion and explosion risk assessment of the target compartment to obtain the combustion and explosion risk index of the target compartment. Safety control measures corresponding to the aforementioned combustion and explosion risk indicators are adopted to conduct safety management of the target compartment and its associated global space.

[0005] The hydrogen combustion and explosion risk early warning method for confined spaces proposed in this application takes any compartment in the confined global space as the target compartment, acquires the hydrogen sensing signal and the internal pressure of the target compartment, and converts the hydrogen sensing signal into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment; corrects the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure under the internal pressure; uses the lower limit of flammable partial pressure and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment to conduct a combustion and explosion risk assessment of the target compartment to obtain a combustion and explosion risk index, which is used to represent the hydrogen combustion and explosion risk in the target compartment; specifies targeted safety control measures based on the combustion and explosion risk index, and conducts safety management of the target compartment and the global space based on the safety control measures to reduce the probability of hydrogen combustion and explosion in any compartment in the global space. Compared with related technologies, this application converts the hydrogen sensing signal output by the hydrogen sensor into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment, and uses the internal pressure to convert the lower flammability limit of hydrogen in the target compartment into the corresponding partial pressure form. Partial pressure is one of the core factors determining chemical reactions, and its influence from environmental conditions is lower than that of physical quantities such as volume fraction, effectively overcoming the distortion effect caused by environmental pressure on the sensing signal. Based on this, this application obtains a combustion and explosion risk index based on the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment and the lower flammable partial pressure limit of the target compartment under the internal pressure, which serves as a basis for safety management. This enables dynamic safety management based on the complex pressure distribution between different compartments, effectively improving the accuracy of judging the risk of hydrogen combustion and explosion in confined spaces.

[0006] Optionally, the step of performing a pressure division conversion on the hydrogen sensing signal to obtain the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment includes: The hydrogen sensing signal is converted into a component ratio based on the sensing ratio coefficient to obtain the hydrogen proportion fraction in the target chamber. The hydrogen partial pressure in the chamber is obtained by converting the hydrogen proportion fraction using calibrated gas pressure data.

[0007] Optionally, the step of performing component ratio conversion on the hydrogen sensing signal according to the sensing ratio coefficient to obtain the hydrogen proportion fraction in the target chamber includes: Acquire the sensing baseline signal of the target compartment; The effective signal of the target compartment is obtained by performing effective signal calculation on the hydrogen sensing signal and the sensing baseline signal. The hydrogen proportion fraction is obtained by proportionally calculating the effective sensing signal based on the sensing proportionality coefficient.

[0008] Optionally, after acquiring the hydrogen sensing signal and cabin pressure in the target compartment, the method further includes: Obtain the internal temperature and humidity of the target compartment; The environmental correction coefficient of the target cabin is obtained by mapping the cabin pressure, cabin temperature and cabin humidity. The hydrogen sensing signal is environmentally compensated based on the environmental correction coefficient to obtain the environmentally compensated hydrogen sensing signal.

[0009] Optionally, the step of performing environmental correction on the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure of the target compartment at the internal pressure includes: Obtain the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment under current environmental conditions; The lower flammability limit of hydrogen is converted by the chamber pressure to obtain the lower flammability partial pressure limit under the chamber pressure.

[0010] Optionally, the safety control measures include a graded response strategy for the target compartment; the adoption of safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk indicators to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space includes: The risk level of the target compartment is obtained by comparing the combustion and explosion risk index with multiple risk scoring thresholds. A graded response strategy is generated based on the risk level, and the target compartment is managed for safety based on the graded response strategy.

[0011] Optionally, the safety control measures include global safety measures for the entire space; the adoption of safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk indicators to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space includes: Obtain the individual fire and explosion risk index of each compartment in the global space, and select the maximum value among them as the overall risk index of the global space. The global security measures are generated based on the overall risk indicators, and security management is carried out in the global space based on the global security measures.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a hydrogen combustion and explosion risk warning device for confined spaces, the device comprising: The pressure divider conversion module is used to acquire the hydrogen sensing signal and the cabin pressure in the target cabin, and to perform pressure divider conversion on the hydrogen sensing signal to obtain the cabin hydrogen partial pressure of the target cabin. The risk assessment module is used to perform environmental correction on the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment based on the internal pressure of the compartment, to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure of the target compartment under the internal pressure of the compartment; and to perform a combustion and explosion risk assessment on the target compartment using the lower limit of flammable partial pressure and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment, to obtain the combustion and explosion risk index of the target compartment. The safety management module is used to take safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk indicators to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer device, including: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which are used to cause a computer to perform the method described in any one of the above embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A step diagram illustrating the hydrogen combustion and explosion risk warning method for confined spaces provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of voltage division and conversion of the hydrogen sensing signal in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of converting the hydrogen sensing signal into a component ratio in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of environmental compensation for hydrogen sensing signals in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for environmental correction of the lower flammability limit of hydrogen in this application embodiment; Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the steps involved in implementing security control measures for security management in this application embodiment; Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the steps involved in implementing security control measures for security management in this application embodiment; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen combustion and explosion risk warning method for confined spaces, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 A block diagram of a hydrogen combustion and explosion risk warning device for confined spaces provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] With the increasing demands of deep-sea exploration and operations, hydrogen fuel cells are being gradually introduced as a new power source for underwater confined spaces such as manned submersibles, underwater workstations, and the power compartments of unmanned underwater vehicles. However, the introduction of hydrogen fuel cells has also led to the extremely wide flammability and explosion limits of hydrogen becoming one of the most dangerous safety hazards in these confined spaces. In related technologies, a 4% volume fraction is typically used as the lower flammability limit of hydrogen, but this is only a simplified expression under normal pressure. Underwater confined spaces often form complex environments with multiple compartments and varying pressures. The lower flammability limit of hydrogen under normal pressure cannot be directly applied to underwater confined spaces, and the accuracy of assessing the risk of hydrogen flammability and explosion in underwater confined spaces still needs improvement.

[0019] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for early warning of hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces. The method involves acquiring hydrogen sensing signals and internal pressure within a target compartment, converting the hydrogen sensing signals into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment, correcting the lower flammability limit of hydrogen in the target compartment based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower flammable partial pressure limit of the target compartment under the internal pressure, conducting a combustion and explosion risk assessment using the lower flammable partial pressure limit and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment to obtain a combustion and explosion risk index, and implementing safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk index to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space. The hydrogen combustion and explosion risk early warning method for confined spaces provided in this application takes any compartment in the confined global space as the target compartment, acquires the hydrogen sensing signal and the internal pressure of the target compartment, and converts the hydrogen sensing signal into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment; corrects the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure under the internal pressure; uses the lower limit of flammable partial pressure and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment to conduct a combustion and explosion risk assessment of the target compartment to obtain a combustion and explosion risk index, which is used to represent the hydrogen combustion and explosion risk in the target compartment; specifies targeted safety control measures based on the combustion and explosion risk index, and conducts safety management of the target compartment and the global space based on the safety control measures to reduce the probability of hydrogen combustion and explosion in any compartment in the global space.

[0020] Compared with related technologies, this application converts the hydrogen sensing signal output by the hydrogen sensor into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment, and uses the internal pressure to convert the lower flammability limit of hydrogen in the target compartment into the corresponding partial pressure form. Partial pressure is one of the core factors determining chemical reactions, and its influence from environmental conditions is lower than that of physical quantities such as volume fraction, effectively overcoming the distortion effect caused by environmental pressure on the sensing signal. Based on this, this application obtains a combustion and explosion risk index based on the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment and the lower flammable partial pressure limit of the target compartment under the internal pressure, which serves as a basis for safety management. This enables dynamic safety management based on the complex pressure distribution between different compartments, effectively improving the accuracy of judging the risk of hydrogen combustion and explosion in confined spaces.

[0021] According to an embodiment of this application, an embodiment of a method for early warning of hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, a method for early warning of hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces is provided. The method includes: S100. Acquire the hydrogen sensing signal and cabin pressure in the target cabin, perform pressure division conversion on the hydrogen sensing signal, and obtain the cabin hydrogen partial pressure of the target cabin.

[0023] S200. Based on the internal pressure, perform environmental correction on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen in the target compartment to obtain the lower flammable partial pressure limit of the target compartment under the internal pressure; use the lower flammable partial pressure limit and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment to conduct a combustion and explosion risk assessment of the target compartment to obtain the combustion and explosion risk index of the target compartment.

[0024] S300. Implement safety control measures corresponding to the risk indicators of combustion and explosion to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space.

[0025] The global space can be any enclosed space underwater, including but not limited to manned submersibles, underwater workstations, and the power compartments of unmanned underwater vehicles. In other embodiments, the global space can also be an enclosed space in environments other than underwater. The global space may contain at least two compartments, each of which is an independent enclosed space with its own environmental conditions, including internal pressure, internal temperature, and internal humidity. The target compartment can be any compartment within the global space, or a compartment within the global space with higher safety management requirements.

[0026] The hydrogen sensing signal can be a voltage signal output by a hydrogen sensor installed in the target compartment, which can be used to represent the mole fraction or volume fraction of hydrogen in the target compartment. In other embodiments, the hydrogen sensing signal can also be a current signal output by a hydrogen sensor, and the type of hydrogen sensing signal can be determined according to the specific type of hydrogen sensor.

[0027] Specifically, any compartment in the global space is selected as the target compartment. The hydrogen sensing signal is obtained from the hydrogen sensor in the target compartment, and the internal pressure is obtained from the pressure sensor in the target compartment. In some embodiments, when the global space is any type such as a manned submersible, an underwater workstation, or an unmanned underwater vehicle's energy compartment, the internal pressure can also be obtained in real time through the submersible's main control system.

[0028] After obtaining the hydrogen sensing signal, the calibration coefficients of the hydrogen sensor in the target chamber are acquired. These calibration coefficients are used to convert the hydrogen sensing signal output by the hydrogen sensor into specific measurement data. The calibration coefficients can be determined based on the specific type of hydrogen sensor, including but not limited to sensitivity and sensing proportionality coefficients. They can be obtained from the hydrogen sensor manufacturer's specifications or through pre-experimental calibration. The experiment to obtain the calibration coefficients can be conducted under a preset pressure. The hydrogen sensing signal is converted into data based on the calibration coefficients to obtain intermediate data representing the proportion of hydrogen molecules in the target chamber. In some embodiments, the intermediate data can be a mole fraction. The intermediate data is then converted into partial pressure using the preset pressure corresponding to the calibration coefficients to obtain the partial pressure data of hydrogen in the target chamber, which serves as the partial pressure of hydrogen in the chamber.

[0029] It's important to note that the necessary condition for a combustion-explosion reaction to occur is that fuel molecules within a unit volume can collide with oxygen molecules to generate free radicals and release heat, and that the released heat is sufficient to ignite other unreacted fuel molecules within that unit volume. In this process, the collision probability between fuel and oxygen molecules, and the rate of heat release from free radicals per unit volume, directly depend on the absolute number of fuel and oxygen molecules per unit volume. When the fuel molecules are hydrogen molecules, according to the ideal gas law, at a constant temperature, the absolute number of hydrogen molecules per unit volume is directly proportional to the partial pressure of hydrogen; that is, the number of hydrogen molecules per unit volume can be expressed by the hydrogen partial pressure. Therefore, in the hydrogen combustion-explosion reaction, the hydrogen partial pressure is one of the core factors determining the chemical reaction, rather than the volume percentage of hydrogen in the gas mixture.

[0030] Based on the above factors, this embodiment converts the hydrogen sensing signal into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin using the calibration coefficient of the hydrogen sensor. This partial pressure is then used as the basis for safety judgment in subsequent calculations. This allows for a direct representation of the combustion and explosion risk within the target cabin through the partial pressure of hydrogen, ensuring logical consistency between the measured physical quantity and the safety judgment criterion. Simultaneously, it avoids the problem of introducing interference from environmental pressure changes into the hydrogen sensor output caused by converting the hydrogen sensing signal into a volume fraction, thus improving the accuracy of the measurement data and enhancing the overall safety management capabilities of the space.

[0031] Furthermore, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen in the target compartment is environmentally corrected based on the internal pressure, thereby converting the volume fraction form of the lower flammability limit of hydrogen into the partial pressure form, to obtain the lower flammable partial pressure limit of the target compartment under the internal pressure. In some embodiments, the environmental correction process may also include correcting the lower flammability limit of hydrogen based on data such as the internal temperature and humidity of the target compartment; the specific type of data used is not specifically limited.

[0032] Furthermore, after obtaining the partial pressure of hydrogen and the lower limit of flammable partial pressure in the compartment, the ratio of these two values ​​is calculated. Based on the relative relationship between the partial pressure of hydrogen and the lower limit of flammable partial pressure, the degree to which the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment meets the lower limit of flammable partial pressure is determined, thus obtaining the explosion risk index. For example, the explosion risk index can be expressed as: in, The partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin; It is the lower limit of the partial pressure of combustible material; For explosion risk indicators, explosion risk indicators This is a dimensionless indicator. In some embodiments, when the target compartment is in an atmospheric pressure environment, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen can be a conventional 4%. In other embodiments, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen can correspond to the environmental conditions of the target compartment and can be determined based on the environmental conditions.

[0033] It should be noted that the combustion and explosion risk index is a dimensionless indicator. The process of obtaining this index also utilizes the lower flammability limit of hydrogen in the target compartment, which can be determined based on the environmental conditions of that compartment. Understandably, using the compartment pressure to assess the combustion and explosion risk index allows it to adaptively adjust to changes in the environmental conditions within the target compartment. This overcomes the problem of a fixed lower flammability limit of hydrogen becoming inaccurate and unapplicable under conditions deviating from normal pressure, such as high or low pressure, thus improving its adaptability to confined spaces.

[0034] Furthermore, corresponding safety control measures are generated based on the combustion and explosion risk indicators. These measures are then used to manage the safety of the target compartment and / or the overall space to which it belongs, thereby reducing the safety risk of any compartment within the overall space and preventing major safety accidents. It is understood that safety control measures can be targeted at a single compartment, the entire space, or both. Safety control measures targeting a single compartment allow for individual safety responses and controls, improving the specificity of safety management; while safety control measures targeting the entire space enable unified management of the entire space, enhancing its overall safety.

[0035] The hydrogen combustion and explosion risk warning method for confined spaces provided in this embodiment takes any compartment in the confined global space as the target compartment, acquires the hydrogen sensing signal and the internal pressure of the target compartment, and converts the hydrogen sensing signal into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment; corrects the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure under the internal pressure; uses the lower limit of flammable partial pressure and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment to conduct a combustion and explosion risk assessment of the target compartment to obtain a combustion and explosion risk index, which is used to represent the hydrogen combustion and explosion risk in the target compartment; specifies targeted safety control measures based on the combustion and explosion risk index, and conducts safety management of the target compartment and the global space based on the safety control measures to reduce the probability of hydrogen combustion and explosion in any compartment in the global space.

[0036] Compared with related technologies, this application converts the hydrogen sensing signal output by the hydrogen sensor into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment, and uses the internal pressure to convert the lower flammability limit of hydrogen in the target compartment into the corresponding partial pressure form. Partial pressure is one of the core factors determining chemical reactions, and its influence from environmental conditions is lower than that of physical quantities such as volume fraction, effectively overcoming the distortion effect caused by environmental pressure on the sensing signal. Based on this, this application obtains a combustion and explosion risk index based on the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment and the lower flammable partial pressure limit of the target compartment under the internal pressure, which serves as a basis for safety management. This enables dynamic safety management based on the complex pressure distribution between different compartments, effectively improving the accuracy of judging the risk of hydrogen combustion and explosion in confined spaces.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the hydrogen sensing signal is subjected to pressure division conversion to obtain the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment, including: S110. Perform component ratio conversion on the hydrogen sensing signal according to the sensing ratio coefficient to obtain the hydrogen ratio fraction in the target chamber.

[0038] S120. The hydrogen partial pressure is obtained by converting the hydrogen proportion fraction using the calibrated gas pressure data.

[0039] The sensing proportionality coefficient can be the calibration coefficient of the hydrogen sensor in the target chamber, determined through the manufacturer's specifications or prior experimental calibration. It is used to convert the hydrogen sensing signal output by the hydrogen sensor into the mole fraction of hydrogen. The calibration pressure data can be the pressure data set during the determination of the sensing proportionality coefficient, determined through the manufacturer's specifications or prior experimental environmental settings. In engineering, the calibration pressure data is typically taken as standard atmospheric pressure, approximately 101.13 kPa.

[0040] Specifically, the sensing ratio coefficient and calibration pressure data of the hydrogen sensor in the target compartment are acquired. The hydrogen sensing signal is then converted based on the sensing ratio coefficient, thereby converting the hydrogen sensing signal into the mole fraction of hydrogen in the target compartment, which is used as the hydrogen proportion fraction in the target compartment. For example, the hydrogen proportion fraction can be expressed as: in, This refers to the proportion of hydrogen gas. This is the sensing proportionality coefficient; This is a hydrogen sensing signal.

[0041] Furthermore, the calibration pressure data is multiplied by the hydrogen proportion fraction to calculate the pressure data corresponding to the total amount of hydrogen represented by the hydrogen proportion fraction at the calibration pressure data. This process converts the hydrogen proportion fraction into partial pressure to obtain the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment. For example, the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment can be expressed as: in, This is for calibrating air pressure data.

[0042] Understandably, by converting the hydrogen sensing signal into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin and using this partial pressure as the basis for safety judgment in subsequent calculations, the risk of combustion and explosion within the target cabin can be intuitively represented through the partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin, ensuring logical consistency between the measured physical quantity and the basis for safety judgment. Simultaneously, this avoids the problem of introducing interference from environmental pressure changes to the hydrogen sensor output caused by converting the hydrogen sensing signal into a volume fraction, improving the accuracy of the measurement data and thus enhancing the ability to manage the safety of the entire space.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 As shown in one embodiment of this application, the hydrogen sensing signal is converted into a component ratio based on a sensing ratio coefficient to obtain the hydrogen proportion fraction in the target chamber, including: S112. Acquire the sensing baseline signal of the target compartment.

[0044] S114. Perform effective signal calculation on the hydrogen sensing signal and sensing baseline signal to obtain the effective sensing signal of the target compartment.

[0045] S116. Calculate the proportion of hydrogen gas by proportionalizing the effective sensing signal based on the sensing proportionality coefficient.

[0046] The sensing baseline signal can be the baseline signal of the hydrogen sensor in the target compartment, representing the signal output by the hydrogen sensor when it is in a hydrogen-free environment. The sensing baseline signal can be obtained by pre-calibrating the hydrogen sensor in a hydrogen-free environment. In some embodiments, the baseline signal can be recalibrated while the hydrogen sensor is in standby mode, and the newly obtained baseline signal is used to update the original sensing baseline signal to improve calculation accuracy. For example, the process of recalibrating the baseline signal may include: placing the hydrogen sensor in a hydrogen-free environment while it is in standby mode, acquiring signals from the hydrogen sensor over multiple sampling periods, and taking the average value of the acquired signals to update the sensing baseline signal. The multiple sampling periods can be 100 to 300 sampling periods.

[0047] Specifically, the sensing baseline signal of the hydrogen sensor in the target compartment is acquired. The difference between the hydrogen sensing signal and the sensing baseline signal is calculated to obtain the effective signal value of the hydrogen sensing signal relative to the sensing baseline signal, thus obtaining the effective sensing signal of the target compartment. For example, the effective sensing signal can be expressed as: in, For effective sensing signals; This is the sensing baseline signal.

[0048] Furthermore, using the effective sensing signal as the data basis, the effective sensing signal is converted according to the sensing ratio coefficient, thereby converting the effective sensing signal into the mole fraction of hydrogen in the target compartment, which is taken as the hydrogen ratio fraction in the target compartment. For example, in this embodiment, the hydrogen ratio fraction can be expressed as: The resulting partial pressure of hydrogen in the chamber can be expressed as: Understandably, by using the baseline sensing signal to calculate the effective sensing signal and then using it to obtain the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment, the zero-point drift of the hydrogen sensor caused by equipment aging or environmental changes is eliminated, ensuring the accuracy of the hydrogen sensor response signal. This effectively improves the accuracy of the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the explosion risk assessment of the target compartment.

[0049] Reference Figure 4 As shown in one embodiment of this application, after acquiring the hydrogen sensing signal and cabin pressure in the target chamber, the method further includes: S102. Obtain the internal temperature and humidity of the target compartment.

[0050] S104. Obtain the environmental correction coefficient of the target cabin based on the mapping of cabin pressure, cabin temperature and cabin humidity.

[0051] S106. Perform environmental compensation on the hydrogen sensing signal according to the environmental correction coefficient to obtain the environmentally compensated hydrogen sensing signal.

[0052] Specifically, the target compartment can also be equipped with temperature and humidity sensors. The temperature sensor output signal is read to determine the internal temperature of the target compartment. The humidity sensor output signal is read to determine the internal humidity of the target compartment.

[0053] Furthermore, considering that the calibration coefficients of hydrogen sensors are usually obtained under normal temperature and pressure conditions, while the environmental conditions of the target chamber may differ from those under normal temperature and pressure conditions, these environmental differences will affect the signal output of the hydrogen sensor. For example, the temperature inside the chamber can affect the chemical reaction rate inside the hydrogen sensor, and the temperature inside the chamber can affect the microstructure of the sensitive material inside the hydrogen sensor.

[0054] In this embodiment, an environmental correction coefficient is obtained under the current environmental conditions of the target compartment by mapping the internal pressure, internal temperature, and internal humidity of the target compartment. It can be understood that the environmental correction coefficient can be a function related to the internal pressure, internal temperature, and internal humidity, obtained through pre-conducted calibration experiments, and is used to compensate for the influence of environmental conditions on the hydrogen sensor response signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the hydrogen sensing signal.

[0055] Furthermore, environmental compensation is applied to the hydrogen sensing signal based on an environmental correction coefficient to correct for the effects of cabin pressure, cabin temperature, and cabin humidity on the hydrogen sensor response signal, resulting in an environmentally compensated hydrogen sensing signal. For example, the environmentally compensated hydrogen sensing signal can be expressed as: in, The hydrogen sensing signal after environmental compensation; This refers to the environmental correction factor for the target compartment. The cabin pressure; The cabin temperature; The humidity inside the cabin.

[0056] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment is environmentally corrected based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure of the target compartment under the internal pressure, including: S210. Obtain the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment under current environmental conditions; S220. The partial pressure of hydrogen flammability is converted by the pressure inside the chamber to obtain the lower limit of flammability under the pressure inside the chamber.

[0057] Specifically, based on the current environmental conditions of the target compartment, the lower limit of hydrogen flammability under those conditions is determined. It is understood that the current environmental conditions of the target compartment can include factors such as internal pressure, internal temperature, and internal humidity. Different environmental conditions can affect the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in different ways. In particular, internal pressure may have a non-linear effect on the lower limit of hydrogen flammability; therefore, a preferred method for determining the lower limit of hydrogen flammability is a lookup table method, where the lower limit of hydrogen flammability is determined by searching a table relating it to multiple environmental conditions.

[0058] In some embodiments, the correlation table used to determine the lower flammability limit of hydrogen can be pre-established and stored in a database. The data used to establish the correlation table can be publicly available combustion experimental data, including but not limited to data from publications such as the *Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries* and the *International Journal of Hydrogen Energy*. In other embodiments, if the pressure sensor in the target compartment malfunctions, a preset conservative value can be used as the current lower flammability limit of hydrogen. In this case, the safety control measures generated based on the preset conservative value should be within the conservative range to avoid impacting the target compartment and the overall space.

[0059] After obtaining the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment under current environmental conditions, partial pressure conversion is performed based on the compartment pressure and the lower limit of hydrogen flammability. The partial pressure data of hydrogen in the target compartment that can satisfy the lower limit of hydrogen flammability under the current compartment pressure is calculated and used as the lower limit of flammability for the target compartment. For example, the lower limit of flammability partial pressure can be expressed as: in, The lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment under current environmental conditions.

[0060] Reference Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the safety control measures include a graded response strategy for the target compartment; and the adoption of safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk indicators to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space, including: S310. The risk level of the target compartment is obtained by comparing the combustion and explosion risk indicators with multiple risk scoring thresholds.

[0061] S320. Generate a graded response strategy based on the risk level, and conduct safety management of the target compartment according to the graded response strategy.

[0062] Specifically, the combustion and explosion risk index can be used to indicate the degree to which the partial pressure of hydrogen in a compartment meets the lower limit of flammability. A higher value for the combustion and explosion risk index indicates that the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment is closer to the lower limit of flammability. When the value of the combustion and explosion risk index is 1, it means that the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment meets the lower limit of flammability, and a risk of combustion and explosion begins to exist. After the value of the combustion and explosion risk index exceeds 1, a risk of deflagration still exists in the target compartment, and the degree of danger of deflagration gradually increases.

[0063] Considering that the risk of deflagration within the target compartment is directly proportional to the deflagration risk index, before implementing safety control measures, the deflagration risk index of the target compartment is first compared with multiple risk scoring thresholds to determine the risk range in which the deflagration risk index falls, thus obtaining the risk level of the target compartment. The risk range can be formed by adjacent risk scoring thresholds.

[0064] Furthermore, a corresponding graded response strategy is generated based on the risk level of the target cabin, and the target cabin is managed for safety based on the graded response strategy, so as to carry out targeted management for cabins with different risk levels.

[0065] For example, the number of risk scoring thresholds can be three, including 0.1, 0.25, and 1, forming a safe interval, a first risk interval, a second risk interval, and a third risk interval, respectively. Among these, the explosion risk index... When the explosion risk index is determined to be within the safe range, the hydrogen partial pressure in the target compartment is low and far from the lower limit of the combustible partial pressure, so it can be considered that there is no risk of explosion. At this point, the explosion risk index is determined to be in the first risk zone. At this time, the hydrogen partial pressure in the target compartment meets the lower limit of combustible partial pressure to some extent, requiring an early warning to management personnel. [The text abruptly ends here, likely due to an incomplete sentence or missing information.] At this point, the explosion risk index is determined to be in the second risk zone. At this time, the hydrogen partial pressure in the target compartment largely meets the lower limit of combustible partial pressure. If there is a continued upward trend, it may cause an explosion risk. An alarm needs to be issued to management personnel to prompt them to inspect and manage the target compartment. (The last sentence appears to be incomplete and possibly refers to a separate issue: "Explosion risk index...") When the explosion risk index is determined to be in the third risk zone, the hydrogen partial pressure in the target compartment has reached the lower limit of combustible partial pressure, resulting in a risk of explosion in the target compartment. It is necessary to notify the management personnel to take emergency measures to prevent hydrogen explosion.

[0066] Reference Figure 7As shown, as one embodiment of this application, the safety control measures include global safety measures for the entire space; and adopting safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk indicators to conduct safety management of the target compartment and its associated global space, including: S330. Obtain the individual fire and explosion risk indicators of all compartments in the global space, and select the maximum value as the overall risk indicator of the global space.

[0067] S340. Generate global security measures based on overall risk indicators, and conduct security management in the global space based on global security measures.

[0068] Specifically, for a global space comprising multiple compartments, the pressure conditions in each compartment vary significantly, and each compartment corresponds to a different fire and explosion risk index, making it difficult to handle with a single safety measure. In this embodiment, the fire and explosion risk index for each compartment is obtained, the maximum value of all fire and explosion risk indices is extracted, and the fire and explosion risk index with the highest risk in the global space is taken as the overall risk index. For example, the overall risk index can be expressed as: in, As an overall risk indicator; This represents the total number of compartments in the global space.

[0069] Furthermore, corresponding global safety measures are generated based on overall risk indicators, and the global space is managed according to these measures. This allows for the priority identification of the highest-risk compartments within the global space, enabling rapid response to these compartments. This achieves an automated closed loop from risk perception to safety response, ensuring the overall safety of the global space. For example, global safety measures may include activating the ventilation system, cutting off the hydrogen source, or activating compartment isolation devices.

[0070] Reference Figure 8 As shown in the embodiments of this application, a method for early warning of hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces is also provided, the method comprising: S401. Acquire signals from the target compartment and obtain hydrogen sensing signals from the target compartment. cabin temperature cabin humidity and cabin pressure .

[0071] S403. Perform baseline calibration on the hydrogen sensor in the target compartment to obtain the calibrated sensing baseline signal. And based on hydrogen sensing signals and the corrected sensing baseline signal Calculate the effective sensor signals of the target compartment.

[0072] S405. Calculate the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment based on the effective sensing signal, the sensing ratio coefficient of the hydrogen sensor in the target compartment, and the calibration pressure data, and obtain the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment. , can be represented as: in, This is the sensing proportionality coefficient; This is for calibrating air pressure data.

[0073] S407. As an optional step, based on the internal temperature of the target compartment. cabin humidity and cabin pressure partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin Environmental corrections were performed to obtain the corrected partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin. , can be represented as: in, The environmental correction factor for the target compartment can be determined based on the internal pressure. cabin temperature and cabin humidity Confirmed. In subsequent steps, the environmentally corrected partial pressure of hydrogen in the chamber will be determined. Compared to the partial pressure of hydrogen in the unmodified cabin They are the same and can all be used for fire and explosion risk indicators, and will be uniformly represented thereafter as... .

[0074] S409. Based on the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment. cabin pressure An explosion risk assessment was conducted based on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen under current environmental conditions to obtain the explosion risk index for the target compartment. , can be represented as: in, The lower limit of hydrogen flammability under current environmental conditions can be determined based on the cabin pressure. cabin temperature and cabin humidity Sure.

[0075] S411. Explosion risk indicators The risk level of the target cabin is determined by comparing it with a three-tier risk scoring threshold to determine the threshold range it falls within. The risk scoring thresholds can be 0.1, 0.25, and 1.

[0076] S413. In terms of fire and explosion risk indicators When this occurs, it indicates that the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment has reached the lower limit of combustible partial pressure, resulting in a risk of combustion and explosion in the target compartment. It is necessary to notify the management personnel for emergency handling to prevent hydrogen combustion and explosion.

[0077] S415. In terms of fire and explosion risk indicators When the pressure reaches a certain level, it indicates that the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment largely meets the lower limit of combustible partial pressure. If there is a continued upward trend, it may cause a risk of combustion and explosion. It is necessary to alert the management personnel to inspect and manage the target compartment.

[0078] S417. In terms of fire and explosion risk indicators At this time, it indicates that the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment has reached the lower limit of combustible partial pressure to a certain extent, and an early warning needs to be issued to the management personnel.

[0079] S419. In terms of fire and explosion risk indicators The hydrogen partial pressure in the target compartment is low and far from the lower limit of flammable partial pressure, so it can be considered that there is no risk of combustion or explosion and no action is required. Return to the next safety management cycle and repeat step S401.

[0080] S421. Take the maximum value of the individual fire and explosion risk index of each compartment to obtain the overall risk index of the global space; generate global safety measures based on the overall risk index, and carry out safety management in the global space based on the global safety measures.

[0081] S423. After completing safety management and addressing the risk of hydrogen combustion and explosion in each compartment, return to the next safety management cycle and repeat step S401.

[0082] This application also provides various practical application examples of the hydrogen combustion and explosion risk warning method for confined spaces described in any of the above embodiments.

[0083] Example 1: In this embodiment, the target chamber can be the energy chamber of a submersible. This energy chamber employs an isobaric design, with a total internal pressure of 2.5 MPa during operation. Signal acquisition is performed on this energy chamber to obtain the hydrogen sensor signal. The baseline signal is 5.25mV. The pressure inside the chamber is 0.50mV. The pressure is 2.5 MPa, and the internal temperature is... The temperature inside the cabin is 30°C, and the humidity is... It is 70%.

[0084] Based on the calibration relationship of the hydrogen sensor in the energy module, its sensing proportionality coefficient can be obtained. The environmental correction factor is 0.01 under the above environmental conditions. The value is 1.5. The partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin can be obtained by converting the hydrogen sensing signal into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin. The pressure is 7.21 kPa. Considering the changing characteristics of the lower flammability limit of hydrogen under high pressure, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen in this energy cabin under the current environmental conditions is obtained by querying the data. The value is 5%. The lower flammability limit of hydrogen is obtained by converting the partial pressure of hydrogen under the chamber pressure. The pressure is 125 kPa. This is based on the partial pressure of hydrogen in the chamber. and lower limit of combustible partial pressure An explosion risk assessment was conducted on the energy compartment, and its explosion risk index was obtained. It is 0.0576.

[0085] It can be seen that the explosion risk index of the energy compartment at this time is... If the device is located within a safe zone, it is considered to be in a safe state and no safety management actions are triggered.

[0086] In contrast, related technologies use a volume fraction of 4% as the lower limit of hydrogen flammability. When this technology is applied to this embodiment, the hydrogen sensing signal is converted into a volume fraction concentration, and the result is 4.75%, which exceeds the lower limit of hydrogen flammability. This would trigger a safety management action on the submarine, which is clearly a false trigger.

[0087] Example 2: In this embodiment, the target chamber is the energy chamber of a submersible shown in Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the submersible experiences an abnormal operating condition, causing the pressure inside the energy chamber to drop to 50 kPa (approximately 0.5 atmospheres). At this time, signal acquisition is performed on the energy chamber to obtain the hydrogen sensor signal. The baseline signal is 3.25mV. The pressure inside the chamber is 0.50mV. The pressure is 50 kPa, and the internal temperature is... The temperature inside the cabin is 25°C, and the humidity is... It is 70%.

[0088] Based on the calibration relationship of the hydrogen sensor in the energy cabin, the environmental correction coefficient under the above environmental conditions can be obtained. The value is 0.8. The partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin can be obtained by converting the hydrogen sensing signal into the partial pressure of hydrogen in the cabin. The pressure is 2.23 kPa. Based on the current environmental conditions, the lower limit of hydrogen flammability for this energy module under those conditions is obtained. The value is 3.5%. The lower flammability limit of hydrogen is obtained by converting the partial pressure of hydrogen under the chamber pressure. The pressure is 1.75 kPa. This is based on the partial pressure of hydrogen in the chamber. and lower limit of combustible partial pressure An explosion risk assessment was conducted on the energy compartment, and its explosion risk index was obtained. It is 1.27.

[0089] It can be seen that the explosion risk index of the energy compartment at this time is... Located within the third risk zone, the energy module requires emergency handling.

[0090] In contrast, applying the related technology that uses a 4% volume fraction as the lower limit of hydrogen flammability to this embodiment, the hydrogen sensing signal is converted into a volume fraction concentration of 2.75%, which does not exceed the lower limit of hydrogen flammability. Therefore, no safety management actions will be triggered, posing a risk of missed alarms. Thus, the related technology cannot reflect the true risk state of an underwater confined space under the abnormal low-pressure or decompression conditions shown in this embodiment, posing a safety hazard.

[0091] Example 3: In this embodiment, the global space can be a submersible as shown in Embodiment 1, including a transition chamber and an energy chamber as shown in Embodiment 1, wherein the energy chamber serves as the first target chamber and the transition chamber serves as the second target chamber.

[0092] The energy module, serving as the primary target module, is a high-pressure isobaric chamber. Signal acquisition is performed within the primary target module to obtain its internal pressure. The pressure is 2.5 MPa, and the internal temperature is... The temperature inside the cabin is 30°C, and the humidity is... The value is 70%. Based on the calibration relationship of the hydrogen sensor in the first target compartment, the hydrogen sensing signal of the first target compartment is converted into the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the compartment, thus obtaining the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the first target compartment. The pressure is 8 kPa.

[0093] The transition chamber serving as the second target compartment is a medium-pressure chamber. Signal acquisition is conducted on the second target compartment to obtain the internal pressure within it. The pressure is 0.2 MPa, and the internal temperature is... The temperature inside the cabin is 25°C, and the humidity is... The value is 70%. Based on the calibration relationship of the hydrogen sensor in the second target compartment, the hydrogen sensing signal of the second target compartment is converted into the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the compartment, thus obtaining the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the second target compartment. The pressure is 3 kPa.

[0094] Based on the current environmental conditions of the first target compartment, the lower limit of hydrogen flammability under the current environmental conditions can be obtained. The value is 5%. By converting the partial pressure of hydrogen flammability in the first target compartment, the lower limit of flammability partial pressure of the first target compartment under its internal pressure can be obtained. The pressure is 100 kPa. This is based on the partial pressure of hydrogen in the chamber. and lower limit of combustible partial pressure An explosion risk assessment was conducted on the first target compartment, and the explosion risk index of the first target compartment was obtained. It is 0.08.

[0095] Based on the current environmental conditions of the second target compartment, the lower limit of hydrogen flammability under the current environmental conditions can be obtained. The value is 4.2%. By converting the partial pressure of hydrogen flammability in the second target compartment, the lower limit of flammability partial pressure of the second target compartment under its internal pressure can be obtained. It is 8.4 kPa. (Based on the partial pressure of hydrogen in the chamber.) and lower limit of combustible partial pressure An explosion risk assessment was conducted on the second target compartment, and the explosion risk index of the second target compartment was obtained. It is 0.357.

[0096] The explosion risk indicators of the first and second target compartments respectively The maximum value is selected from the values ​​to obtain the overall risk index of the submersible. It is 0.357. Based on the overall risk index... A global safety measure is generated for the submersible, which may prioritize the handling of the transition chamber with a higher risk of combustion and explosion.

[0097] In contrast, this embodiment applies a related technology that uses a 4% volume fraction as the lower limit of hydrogen flammability. The hydrogen sensing signals from the first and second target chambers are converted into volume fraction concentrations, resulting in a hydrogen integral concentration of 5.3% for the first target chamber and 2.7% for the second target chamber. It is understandable that because the pressures inside the first and second target chambers differ, their hydrogen integral concentrations are difficult to compare directly, making it difficult to identify the higher-risk chambers in a timely manner.

[0098] Accordingly, please refer to Figure 9 This application provides a hydrogen combustion and explosion risk warning device for confined spaces, the device comprising: The pressure divider conversion module 910 is used to acquire the hydrogen sensing signal and the cabin pressure in the target cabin, and to perform pressure divider conversion on the hydrogen sensing signal to obtain the cabin hydrogen partial pressure in the target cabin.

[0099] The risk assessment module 920 is used to perform environmental correction on the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment based on the internal pressure, so as to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure of the target compartment under the internal pressure; and to conduct a combustion and explosion risk assessment of the target compartment using the lower limit of flammable partial pressure and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment, so as to obtain the combustion and explosion risk index of the target compartment.

[0100] Safety management module 930 is used to take safety control measures corresponding to the fire and explosion risk indicators and to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space.

[0101] In some alternative implementations, the voltage divider conversion module 910 includes: The component ratio conversion unit is used to convert the hydrogen sensing signal into a component ratio based on the sensing ratio coefficient to obtain the hydrogen ratio fraction in the target chamber.

[0102] The hydrogen partial pressure conversion unit is used to convert the hydrogen partial pressure by using the calibrated pressure data to obtain the hydrogen partial pressure in the cabin.

[0103] In some optional embodiments, the component ratio conversion unit includes: The baseline signal acquisition subunit is used to acquire the sensing baseline signal of the target compartment.

[0104] The effective signal calculation subunit is used to calculate the effective signal from the hydrogen sensing signal and the sensing baseline signal to obtain the effective sensing signal of the target compartment.

[0105] The proportion fraction calculation subunit is used to perform proportion calculation on the effective sensing signal based on the sensing proportion coefficient to obtain the hydrogen proportion fraction.

[0106] In some alternative implementations, the voltage divider conversion module 910 further includes an environmental compensation unit, comprising: The environmental condition acquisition subunit is used to acquire the internal temperature and humidity of the target compartment.

[0107] The correction coefficient mapping subunit is used to obtain the environmental correction coefficient of the target compartment based on the internal pressure, internal temperature and internal humidity.

[0108] The environmental compensation subunit is used to perform environmental compensation on the hydrogen sensing signal according to the environmental correction coefficient, so as to obtain the environmentally compensated hydrogen sensing signal.

[0109] In some optional implementations, the risk assessment module 920 includes: The lower limit pressure conversion unit is used to obtain the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment under the current environmental conditions.

[0110] The risk index calculation unit is used to convert the partial pressure of hydrogen flammability using the cabin pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammability under the cabin pressure.

[0111] In some alternative implementations, the security management module 930 includes: The risk level assessment unit is used to compare the combustion and explosion risk indicators with multiple risk scoring thresholds to obtain the risk level of the target compartment.

[0112] The graded response management unit is used to generate graded response strategies based on risk levels and to manage the safety of target compartments according to the graded response strategies.

[0113] In some optional implementations, the security management module 930 further includes: The overall risk assessment unit is used to obtain the individual combustion and explosion risk indicators of all compartments in the global space, and select the maximum value as the overall risk indicator of the global space.

[0114] The global security management unit is used to generate global security measures based on overall risk indicators, and to perform security management in the global space based on the global security measures.

[0115] Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as those in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0116] In this embodiment, the hydrogen combustion and explosion risk warning device for confined spaces is presented in the form of a functional unit. Here, a unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that execute one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0117] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the computer device includes one or more processors 10, memory 20, and interfaces for connecting the components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The components communicate with each other via different buses and can be mounted on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processors can process instructions executed within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of a GUI on external input / output devices (such as display devices coupled to the interfaces). In some alternative implementations, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple memory modules, if desired. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, each providing some of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). Figure 10Take a processor 10 as an example.

[0118] Processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor, or a combination thereof. Processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device (CAMP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (GDA), or any combination thereof.

[0119] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10 to cause the at least one processor 10 to perform the method shown in the above embodiments.

[0120] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the computer device. Furthermore, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0121] The memory 20 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk or solid-state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0122] The computer device also includes a communication interface 30 for communicating with other devices or communication networks.

[0123] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described in this application can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as recordable on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded over a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and subsequently stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium may also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the methods shown in the above embodiments are implemented.

[0124] This application provides a computer program product including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the method of any embodiment of this application.

[0125] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0126] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, a computer can be, for example, a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular phone, camera phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0127] For ease of description, the above devices are described separately by function as various units. Of course, in implementing this application, the functions of each unit can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0129] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0130] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0131] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0132] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0133] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0134] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

[0135] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of hydrogen combustion and explosion risks in confined spaces, characterized in that, The method includes: The hydrogen sensing signal and the pressure inside the target compartment are acquired, and the hydrogen sensing signal is converted into a partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment. The lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment is environmentally corrected based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure of the target compartment under the internal pressure; the lower limit of flammable partial pressure and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment are used to conduct a combustion and explosion risk assessment of the target compartment to obtain the combustion and explosion risk index of the target compartment. Safety control measures corresponding to the aforementioned combustion and explosion risk indicators are adopted to conduct safety management of the target compartment and its associated global space.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing a pressure division conversion on the hydrogen sensing signal to obtain the partial pressure of hydrogen in the target compartment includes: The hydrogen sensing signal is converted into a component ratio based on the sensing ratio coefficient to obtain the hydrogen proportion fraction in the target chamber. The hydrogen partial pressure in the chamber is obtained by converting the hydrogen proportion fraction using calibrated gas pressure data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of performing component ratio conversion on the hydrogen sensing signal based on the sensing ratio coefficient to obtain the hydrogen proportion fraction in the target chamber includes: Acquire the sensing baseline signal of the target compartment; The effective signal of the target compartment is obtained by performing effective signal calculation on the hydrogen sensing signal and the sensing baseline signal. The hydrogen proportion fraction is obtained by proportionally calculating the effective sensing signal based on the sensing proportionality coefficient.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After acquiring the hydrogen sensing signal and cabin pressure in the target compartment, the method further includes: Obtain the internal temperature and humidity of the target compartment; The environmental correction coefficient of the target cabin is obtained by mapping the cabin pressure, cabin temperature and cabin humidity. The hydrogen sensing signal is environmentally compensated based on the environmental correction coefficient to obtain the environmentally compensated hydrogen sensing signal.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing environmental correction on the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment based on the internal pressure to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure of the target compartment at the internal pressure includes: Obtain the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment under current environmental conditions; The lower flammability limit of hydrogen is converted by the chamber pressure to obtain the lower flammability partial pressure limit under the chamber pressure.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety control measures include a graded response strategy for the target compartment; the adoption of safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk indicators to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space includes: The risk level of the target compartment is obtained by comparing the combustion and explosion risk index with multiple risk scoring thresholds. A graded response strategy is generated based on the risk level, and the target compartment is managed for safety based on the graded response strategy.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety control measures include global safety measures for the entire space; the adoption of safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk indicators to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space includes: Obtain the individual fire and explosion risk index of each compartment in the global space, and select the maximum value among them as the overall risk index of the global space. The global security measures are generated based on the overall risk indicators, and security management is carried out in the global space based on the global security measures.

8. A hydrogen combustion and explosion risk warning device for confined spaces, characterized in that, The device includes: The pressure divider conversion module is used to acquire the hydrogen sensing signal and the cabin pressure in the target cabin, and to perform pressure divider conversion on the hydrogen sensing signal to obtain the cabin hydrogen partial pressure of the target cabin. The risk assessment module is used to perform environmental correction on the lower limit of hydrogen flammability in the target compartment based on the internal pressure of the compartment, to obtain the lower limit of flammable partial pressure of the target compartment under the internal pressure of the compartment; and to perform a combustion and explosion risk assessment on the target compartment using the lower limit of flammable partial pressure and the partial pressure of hydrogen in the compartment, to obtain the combustion and explosion risk index of the target compartment. The safety management module is used to take safety control measures corresponding to the combustion and explosion risk indicators to manage the safety of the target compartment and its associated global space.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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