Method for determining carbonation depth of tunnel lining, electronic device and storage medium

Abstract

This application provides a method, electronic device, and storage medium for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining, relating to the field of tunnel engineering technology. The method establishes a quantitative dependence between stress data at a target location in the tunnel lining and the concrete carbonation coefficient. Using a predefined transformation function, it achieves accurate quantification of the stress's influence on carbonation. Combined with the actual load-bearing characteristics of the tunnel lining, the concrete is treated as a non-uniform stress state, ensuring a high degree of fit between the carbonation coefficient at the target location and the actual stress state at that location. This makes the calculated carbonation depth for a set time period more consistent with engineering realities, thus significantly improving the prediction accuracy of carbonation depth under non-uniform stress conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and more specifically, to a method for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining, an electronic device, and a storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of tunnel engineering durability assessment, the carbonation problem of concrete lining has always been a key focus of research and practice. Carbonation refers to the process by which carbon dioxide in the environment penetrates into the interior of concrete and reacts chemically with alkaline hydration products (mainly calcium hydroxide) to produce neutral substances such as calcium carbonate. Its direct consequence is a decrease in the pH value of the pore fluid in the concrete, leading to depassivation and corrosion of the reinforcing steel, thereby threatening the load-bearing safety and service life of the lining structure.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, carbonation analysis models mainly focus on the influence of material properties (such as water-cement ratio, cement type and dosage, and admixtures) and external environmental conditions (such as carbon dioxide concentration, ambient temperature, and humidity) on the carbonation process, and empirical formulas for each influencing factor are obtained by fitting a large amount of experimental data. However, the carbonation depth obtained in this way still has a large error compared with the actual carbonation depth, and the accuracy of carbonation depth assessment is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method, electronic device and storage medium for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining, so as to improve the problem of low accuracy in carbonation depth prediction in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining, the method comprising: Obtain stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining; The stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining is converted into the corresponding concrete carbonation coefficient using a predefined conversion function. The conversion function is used to characterize the dependence of the concrete carbonation coefficient on the stress data at different locations. Based on the concrete carbonation coefficient, the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining at a set time is determined; The carbonization distribution of the tunnel lining is obtained by measuring the carbonization depth at each location along the diffusion path corresponding to each cross section of the tunnel.

[0006] In the above implementation process, a quantitative dependency relationship is established between the stress data of the target location of the tunnel lining and the carbonation coefficient of the concrete. With the help of a predefined transformation function, the influence of stress on carbonation is accurately quantified. Combined with the actual load-bearing characteristics of the tunnel lining, the concrete is regarded as a non-uniform stress state, so that the carbonation coefficient of the target location is highly compatible with the actual stress state at that location. In this way, the carbonation depth calculation results under the set time are more in line with the actual engineering situation, thus significantly improving the prediction accuracy of carbonation depth under non-uniform stress state.

[0007] Optionally, the transformation function is the product of the load influence coefficient and other influence coefficients, whereby the load influence coefficient is determined based on stress data. By explicitly constructing the transformation function as the product of the load influence coefficient and other influence coefficients, modular and decoupled processing of stress factors is achieved. This allows the quantitative influence of stress state on the carbonization process to be independently characterized and calculated, significantly enhancing the physical clarity and engineering applicability of the model.

[0008] Optionally, the load influence coefficient is determined by a linear relationship between the stress data and the ultimate stress of concrete. By using the dimensionless parameter of the ratio of stress data to the ultimate stress of concrete and determining the load influence coefficient using a linear relationship, engineering applications and parameter calibration are facilitated.

[0009] Optionally, when the concrete is under compression, the coefficient of the linear relationship is negative; when the concrete is under tension, the coefficient of the linear relationship is positive. By clearly distinguishing between the compressive and tensile states of concrete and assigning corresponding negative and positive values ​​to the linear relationship coefficient, a refined distinction and quantitative description of the direction of stress influence on the carbonation process is achieved. This more realistically reflects the different physical mechanisms by which compressive stress inhibits carbonation and tensile stress promotes carbonation, improving the theoretical accuracy and predictive reliability of the model.

[0010] Optionally, the other influencing coefficients include at least one of the following: environmental humidity influence coefficient, environmental temperature influence coefficient, concrete material influence coefficient, and cement type and dosage influence coefficient. By incorporating multiple key factors such as environmental humidity, temperature, concrete materials, and cement properties into the transformation function as independent coefficients, a comprehensive and modular characterization of the carbonation influence mechanism is achieved, enhancing the completeness and environmental adaptability of the model. This allows the prediction results to simultaneously reflect the actual climatic conditions and specific material proportions of a particular tunnel, thereby further improving the accuracy of carbonation depth prediction based on a comprehensive consideration of stress state.

[0011] Optionally, determining the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining at a set time based on the concrete carbonation coefficient includes: The set duration is discretized into multiple consecutive time steps; Within each time step, the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining is iteratively calculated based on the concrete carbonation coefficient until the carbonation depth calculated in the last time step is obtained.

[0012] In the above implementation process, by discretizing the set time into multiple continuous time steps and performing iterative calculations, it transforms the complex continuous carbonization process into a series of small incremental accumulations, thereby accurately simulating the non-uniform motion of the carbonization front in a variable stress field, and realizing a more accurate and reliable prediction of the true carbonization depth of the tunnel lining after the set time.

[0013] Optionally, the step of iteratively calculating the carbonation depth at the target location of the tunnel lining based on the concrete carbonation coefficient within each time step includes: Based on the concrete carbonation coefficient, calculate the increment of carbonation depth within the current time step; Based on the cumulative carbonization depth calculated from the previous time step and the carbonization depth increment, the cumulative carbonization depth at the target location of the tunnel lining at the current time step is obtained.

[0014] In the above implementation process, by independently calculating the carbonization depth increment in each time step and accumulating it successively, the complex continuous carbonization process is decomposed into a precisely controllable discretized simulation, thereby improving the accuracy of carbonization depth prediction.

[0015] Optionally, the time step is less than a set threshold. Controlling the time step to be less than the set threshold effectively ensures that the advance distance of the carbonation front is small enough in each small time period, so that the concrete micro-segment traversed by the carbonation front in that time period can be regarded as being under an approximately constant stress state and carbonation coefficient, minimizing the error caused by the "averaging" of the spatial changes in the stress field within a calculation step.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a device for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining, the device comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining; The coefficient acquisition module is used to convert the stress data of the target location of the tunnel lining into the corresponding concrete carbonation coefficient through a predefined conversion function, wherein the conversion function is used to characterize the dependence of the concrete carbonation coefficient on the stress data at different locations. The depth determination module is used to determine the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining over a set time period based on the concrete carbonation coefficient. The carbonization distribution determination module is used to obtain the carbonization distribution of the tunnel lining based on the carbonization depth at each location on each diffusion path corresponding to each cross section of the tunnel.

[0017] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-readable instructions, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above are performed.

[0018] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0019] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which, when read and executed by a processor, perform the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0020] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing embodiments of this application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining, as provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 (a) A schematic diagram of a tunnel discretized into multiple cross sections along the axial direction, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 (b) A schematic diagram of a one-dimensional carbon dioxide erosion direction provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 (a) A schematic diagram showing the initial stage of carbonization as provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 (b) A schematic diagram showing carbonization after a certain period of time, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of time step division provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a device for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining provided in this application embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for performing a method for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this invention can be used interchangeably. "Multiple" refers to two or more; therefore, in the embodiments of this invention, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two". "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0025] It should also be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this application are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the application is located, and with the authorization granted by the owner of the relevant device.

[0026] This application provides a method for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining. This method establishes a quantitative dependence between the stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining and the concrete carbonation coefficient. By using a predefined transformation function, it achieves accurate quantification of the influence of stress on carbonation. Combined with the actual load-bearing characteristics of the tunnel lining, the concrete is regarded as a non-uniform stress state, so that the carbonation coefficient at the target location is highly compatible with the actual stress state at that location. This makes the carbonation depth calculation result under a set time period more consistent with the actual engineering situation, thus significantly improving the prediction accuracy of carbonation depth under non-uniform stress state.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining provided in this application embodiment, the method including the following steps: Step S110: Obtain stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining.

[0028] The target location for tunnel lining can refer to a specific location in the three-dimensional structure of the tunnel where the carbonation depth needs to be calculated. This is typically determined by the axial cross-section number, the circumferential position of the cross-section, and the radial path. For example... Figure 2 As shown, assuming that the diffusion of carbon dioxide in the tunnel lining is one-dimensional, since the carbon dioxide in carbonization mainly comes from the atmospheric environment, the diffusion direction of carbon dioxide is from the inside of the arch to the outside of the surrounding rock. The tunnel is discretized into multiple cross-sections along the axial direction (e.g., ...). Figure 2(as shown in (a)), at this point, for each discrete point, carbon dioxide erodes radially (as shown in (a)). Figure 2 (b) shown).

[0029] Stress data refers to the actual working stress that the target location bears during the tunnel operation phase. It can include the stress type (tensile stress or compressive stress) and specific values, and is a key mechanical parameter affecting the carbonation rate of concrete.

[0030] Assuming the target location for the tunnel lining is the radial path of the arch waist in the second cross section, 150mm from the inner side of the lining, this location will primarily bear compressive stress due to the lateral pressure of the surrounding rock during tunnel operation. The stress in the tunnel lining can then be calculated using the load-structure method.

[0031] The stress distribution applied to the lining structure is determined based on the tunnel's burial depth and the surrounding rock grade.

[0032] Based on tunnel design data, the burial depth and surrounding rock grade are determined. According to relevant design specifications, the distribution of loosening pressure loads acting on the lining by the surrounding rock is calculated. For shallow-buried tunnels or tunnels in special geological conditions, the total soil column pressure or other special loads must also be considered.

[0033] In finite element method (FEM) software, a load-structure model is established to calculate the internal forces of the tunnel lining. Specifically, the tunnel lining is simplified into a two-dimensional planar beam model, with its axis being the centerline of the lining. The equivalent stiffness method is employed. The reinforced concrete lining is considered as a homogeneous material, and its equivalent elastic modulus E is calculated using the formula... calculate.

[0034] in, This refers to the elastic modulus of concrete. This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the concrete. The elastic modulus of the reinforcing steel bar. This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing steel. This method can reasonably reflect the overall axial and flexural stiffness of composite materials.

[0035] The elastic resistance of the surrounding rock is often considered by setting spring units that are only subjected to compression around the lining.

[0036] The calculated surrounding rock pressure (usually reduced according to specifications) is applied to the outer edge of the beam model for static calculation. After solving, the internal force results (axial force N, bending moment M) at each point along the circumference of the lining are output, and the stress distribution at each point section can then be calculated.

[0037] Step S120: Convert the stress data of the target location of the tunnel lining into the corresponding concrete carbonation coefficient using a predefined conversion function.

[0038] The transformation function characterizes the dependence of the concrete carbonation coefficient on stress data at different locations. The transformation function can be a predefined mathematical model based on experimental data and engineering experience. Its core function is to quantify the dependence of stress on the carbonation coefficient, achieving a precise mapping from stress data to the carbonation coefficient.

[0039] The carbonation coefficient of concrete is a parameter characterizing the diffusion rate of carbon dioxide in concrete, and its unit is m. s - ¹ / ², the larger the value, the faster the carbonization diffusion.

[0040] In some implementations, the transformation function can be: ,in, Represents the baseline carbonization coefficient under stress-free conditions. This is the stress influence coefficient; for example, it can be taken as -0.4 when under compression and 0.6 when under tension. The actual stress at the target location; It can be the standard value of the axial compressive strength of concrete.

[0041] By substituting the above parameters and stress data into the above conversion function, the carbonation coefficient of concrete can be calculated, thus realizing the conversion from stress data to carbonation coefficient.

[0042] Step S130: Based on the concrete carbonation coefficient, calculate the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining over a set time period.

[0043] Carbonation depth refers to the actual depth to which carbon dioxide diffuses from the inside of the lining to the outside and reacts with the concrete within a set time period. It is a core indicator for evaluating the durability of the lining.

[0044] After obtaining the carbonation coefficient of concrete, it can be calculated using the following formula: k represents the concrete carbonation coefficient, which takes into account the influence of stress data, t represents the set time, and x represents the diffusion depth of carbon dioxide in the lining after time t, i.e., the carbonation depth.

[0045] Of course, in some implementations, a large amount of stress data, concrete carbonation coefficient, and carbonation depth at different locations can be collected in advance and input into a neural network model for training to obtain a trained neural network model. During actual prediction, this neural network model can be used to predict the carbonation depth. For example, by inputting the stress data or carbonation coefficient at the target location, the corresponding carbonation depth can be predicted. Of course, if the carbonation coefficient is based on stress data and other data, such as some environmental parameters mentioned in later embodiments, then these environmental parameters need to be input during both the model training and prediction processes to predict the carbonation depth.

[0046] Understandably, the set duration can be flexibly set according to actual needs. In this way, the carbonation depth determination method of this scheme can be used to calculate the carbonation depth of different locations of the tunnel lining at different durations.

[0047] Step S140: Based on the carbonization depth at each location on each diffusion path corresponding to each cross section of the tunnel, the carbonization distribution of the tunnel lining is obtained.

[0048] Specifically, the tunnel axial direction is discretized into multiple cross sections, and each cross section is further discretized into multiple radial diffusion paths along the circumference. The carbonization depth at each location on all paths is calculated, and the carbonization depth of the cross section is obtained by summing the results of all paths within the total cross section. Finally, the carbonization depth distribution of the entire tunnel lining structure is obtained by summing the calculation results of all cross sections.

[0049] In the above implementation process, a quantitative dependency relationship is established between the stress data of the target location of the tunnel lining and the carbonation coefficient of the concrete. With the help of a predefined transformation function, the influence of stress on carbonation is accurately quantified. Combined with the actual load-bearing characteristics of the tunnel lining, the concrete is regarded as a non-uniform stress state, so that the carbonation coefficient of the target location is highly compatible with the actual stress state at that location. In this way, the carbonation depth calculation results under the set time are more in line with the actual engineering situation, thus significantly improving the prediction accuracy of carbonation depth under non-uniform stress state.

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, in the above implementation method of determining the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining within a set time period, the set time period can be discretized into multiple consecutive time steps. Then, within each time step, the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining is iteratively calculated based on the concrete carbonation coefficient until the carbonation depth calculated in the last time step is obtained.

[0051] This implementation is based on Fick's first law, which is commonly used to describe the diffusion rate of diffusing substances in structures or structural components. Therefore, it can also be used to describe the carbonation development rate in concrete members, denoted as dx / dt. Here, t represents the carbonation time of the member, and x represents the diffusion depth of carbon dioxide in the member after time t, i.e., the carbonation depth of the member. According to the "Standard for Durability Assessment of Existing Concrete Structures," combined with Fick's first law, the mathematical expression for carbonation depth is given as follows:

[0052] Where k represents the concrete carbonation coefficient, t represents the set time, and x represents the carbonation depth of carbon dioxide in the lining after time t.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 (a) indicates the initial stage of carbonization. Figure 3(b) represents the situation after a certain carbonation time. During carbonation, calcium hydroxide inside the concrete reacts to form calcium carbonate, which blocks the pores and hinders the diffusion of carbon dioxide. Therefore, the carbonation rate decreases with increasing depth. Thus, the carbonation depth x of the component is used to describe this hindering effect on carbon dioxide diffusion. Simultaneously, since carbonation is also affected by stress level, the carbonation development rate of the component will also be related to the carbonation coefficient k, which considers the influence of stress level. Based on this, the above calculation formula can be modified as follows: .

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, assuming carbon dioxide diffusion is one-dimensional, a discretization method can be used to solve for the carbonization depth of the component considering the influence of stress level. The set time period t is discretized into multiple consecutive time steps. This is equivalent to dividing the component into several segments along the direction of carbon dioxide diffusion, each segment being the length of a segment after the same time interval. The subsequent carbonization depth.

[0055] Assuming carbon dioxide is in Figure 4 The diagram illustrates one-dimensional diffusion from left to right within a concrete member. Here, x0 represents the concrete surface; x1 represents the carbonation process starting at x0 and progressing through... The carbonization depth reached after a certain time; x2 represents the carbonization depth from x1 onwards. The carbonization depth reached after a certain time, and so on.

[0056] Obviously, in actual structures, the stress varies at different locations, and the corresponding carbonization coefficients also differ. Therefore, the time step can be smaller than a set threshold, which can be a very small value, as long as the time step is adjusted. Get small enough Within the time interval, the newly added carbonation range of concrete components is x n-1 ~x n If the depth is very small, then segment x n-1 ~x n The stress level within the section can be considered a fixed level, and the carbonization coefficient within the section can also be considered a constant. In actual operation, any section x can be considered... n-1 ~x n Mid-terminal position x n The stress state and carbonization coefficient at the location are regarded as the stress state and carbonization coefficient of the section.

[0057] Discretizing the set duration t into multiple consecutive time steps can mean dividing the set duration into several small time periods that are seamless, non-overlapping, and sequentially connected, with the start and end times of each time step being continuous (e.g., the first step is 0-1 years, the second step is 1-2 years, and so on). The core objective of "discretization" is to ensure that within each step, the stress state, concrete carbonation coefficient, and environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration) at the target location of the tunnel lining all satisfy the "approximately constant" assumption, providing a prerequisite for iterative calculation of the carbonation depth increment.

[0058] The above-mentioned threshold settings can take into account the stability period of stress and environmental parameters. If the load is stable during the tunnel operation period (e.g., no sudden change in surrounding rock pressure) and the environmental conditions are stable (e.g., small fluctuations in temperature / humidity in urban tunnels throughout the year), the step size can be appropriately increased; if the parameters may fluctuate (e.g., stress changes caused by construction around the tunnel), the step size needs to be reduced to ensure that the parameters do not change significantly within each step size.

[0059] The time step needs to be small enough to accurately capture the characteristic of carbonization rate decaying with depth. If the step is too large, the increase in carbonization depth within a single step will be too large, and the diffusion decay caused by pore blockage cannot be approximated as "linear", which will introduce errors. If the step is too small, it will increase the amount of computation (e.g., 10 years are broken down into 3650 1-day steps).

[0060] Iterative calculation refers to calculating the carbonization depth increment of the next step sequentially based on the cumulative carbonization depth of each time step, so as to gradually approach the actual carbonization depth under the set time. In this way, after calculating the last time step, the carbonization depth of the tunnel lining target location at the set time can be obtained.

[0061] In the above implementation process, by discretizing the set time into multiple continuous time steps and performing iterative calculations, it transforms the complex continuous carbonization process into a series of small incremental accumulations, thereby accurately simulating the non-uniform motion of the carbonization front in a variable stress field, and realizing a more accurate and reliable prediction of the true carbonization depth of the tunnel lining after the set time.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, during the iterative calculation process, the carbonation depth increment within the current time step can be calculated based on the concrete carbonation coefficient. Then, based on the cumulative carbonation depth and carbonation depth increment calculated in the previous time step, the cumulative carbonation depth of the tunnel lining target position at the current time step can be obtained.

[0063] Among them, the carbonization depth increment can refer to the new depth of carbon dioxide penetration into the target location of the tunnel lining within a single time step (denoted as ). The value of , in meters, is positively correlated with the concrete carbonation coefficient and negatively correlated with the cumulative carbonation depth of the previous step (due to diffusion attenuation caused by pore blockage).

[0064] Cumulative carbonization depth refers to the total depth of carbon dioxide permeation from the initial state (uncarbonized) to the end of the current time step (denoted as ). (in meters) represents the intermediate result of the iterative calculation.

[0065] This implementation method uses an incremental approach to process any... The carbonization depth at time t is calculated. At that time, carbonization depth This can be viewed as carbonization starting from the surface of the component, and then... The carbonization depth reached after a certain time is shown in the following formula: ; right Similarly, it can be seen as starting from the end position of the previous section, i.e., the first section. Carbonization begins, after The carbonization depth reached after a certain time, i.e.: ; And so on, until the nth segment, at which point... Carbon dioxide starts from the end position of the previous segment, i.e., the (n-1)th segment. The diffusion begins, and the diffusion time is... ,Right now: ; Therefore, we only need to determine the time step size. The carbonization depth at any given time can then be calculated. Therefore, in order to obtain and The mathematical relationship, for By transforming the equation so that the degree of 't' on the right-hand side is 1, 't' can be eliminated through differentiation. After transformation, let the coefficient of 't' on the right-hand side be K (including the previous carbonization coefficient k). The right-hand side then becomes a function of x, namely g(x). The transformed mathematical expression is as follows: ; Taking the differential of both sides of the above equation, we get: ; Written in incremental form, we have: ; Right now: ; The above formula is the time. The increment of carbonization depth over time.

[0066] Substituting the above equation into x1, x2, ..., xn, we can perform the following iterative solution: (1) When At that time, there were: ; (2) When At that time, there were: ; ; (3) When At that time, there were: ; ; By analogy, the carbonization depth at any given time can be calculated. At that time, the carbonization depth is shown in the following two equations.

[0067] ; ; Calculate up to x j When the time limit is reached, the iteration stops. The carbonization depth x obtained after the last time step update is... j , which is the final carbonization depth reached by the target location of the tunnel lining within a set total time t, after considering the dynamic influence of stress level.

[0068] In the above implementation process, by independently calculating the carbonization depth increment in each time step and accumulating it successively, the complex continuous carbonization process is decomposed into a precisely controllable discretized simulation, thereby improving the accuracy of carbonization depth prediction.

[0069] Based on the above embodiments, the transformation function is the product of the load influence coefficient and other influence coefficients, with the load influence coefficient determined based on stress data. By explicitly constructing the transformation function as the product of the load influence coefficient and other influence coefficients, modularization and decoupling of stress factors are achieved. This allows the quantitative influence of stress state on the carbonization process to be independently characterized and calculated, significantly enhancing the physical clarity and engineering applicability of the model.

[0070] Among them, the load influence coefficient is a direct quantitative product of stress data. It is a parameter that characterizes the effect of stress on the carbonization rate and is affected by the stress type and stress magnitude.

[0071] Other influencing factors integrate non-stress factors such as the environment and the inherent properties of concrete. Each component factor can be obtained by fitting experimental data.

[0072] In some implementations, other influence coefficients may include at least one of the following: environmental humidity influence coefficient, environmental temperature influence coefficient, concrete material influence coefficient, and cement type and dosage influence coefficient. By incorporating multiple key factors such as environmental humidity, temperature, concrete material, and cement properties into the transformation function as independent coefficients, a comprehensive and modular characterization of the carbonation influence mechanism is achieved. This enhances the completeness and environmental adaptability of the model, enabling the prediction results to simultaneously reflect the actual climatic conditions and specific material proportions of a particular tunnel. Therefore, based on a comprehensive consideration of stress state, the accuracy of carbonation depth prediction is further improved.

[0073] Among them, the environmental humidity influence coefficient is used to quantify the inhibitory effect of environmental relative humidity on carbon dioxide diffusion, and the specific value can be calibrated through experiments.

[0074] The ambient temperature influence coefficient is used to reflect the accelerating effect of ambient temperature on the carbonization reaction rate, and is usually based on a simplified form of the Arrhenius formula.

[0075] The concrete material influence coefficient characterizes the combined effect of concrete mix ratio and internal structure on carbonation resistance, and is often associated with concrete compressive strength or water-cement ratio.

[0076] The influence coefficient of cement type and dosage can reflect the impact of cement type and dosage per unit volume on the content of carbonizable substances.

[0077] The carbonation coefficient of concrete can be obtained by multiplying the load influence coefficient with other influence coefficients, thus completing the conversion from stress data to carbonation coefficient.

[0078] Based on the above embodiments, the load influence coefficient is determined by a linear relationship between the stress data and the ultimate stress of concrete. By using the dimensionless parameter of the ratio of stress data to the ultimate stress of concrete and utilizing a linear relationship to determine the load influence coefficient, engineering applications and parameter calibration are facilitated.

[0079] The load influence factor is calculated from the stress ratio through a linear equation, the general form of which can be expressed as: , This represents stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining. This represents the ultimate stress of concrete. The formula can also be converted to... . This dimensionless ratio reflects the proportion of actual stress to the material's ultimate capacity and is an indicator of the stress level.

[0080] Coefficient A is an empirical coefficient whose value reflects the sensitivity of stress to the carbonation rate. In some implementations, the sign of coefficient A determines the direction of the effect. Typically, when concrete is under compression ( When (is negative), A takes a negative value, such as This indicates that compressive stress may inhibit the development of microcracks and denser pores, thereby slowing down carbonation; when concrete is in a tensile state ( When A is positive, it takes a positive value, such as... This indicates that tensile stress may induce or propagate microcracks, providing pathways for CO2 diffusion and thus accelerating carbonization. The specific value of coefficient A can be obtained through laboratory load-carbonization coupling tests or by fitting regression to a large amount of field measurement data.

[0081] Based on the above description, the formula for calculating the carbonation coefficient of concrete can be as follows: ; In the formula, The environmental humidity influence coefficient. ,in, The relative humidity in a carbonized environment. The standard ambient relative humidity is 70%. The environmental temperature influence coefficient. , For ambient temperature, The standard ambient temperature is 20℃. The ratio of the CO2 diffusion coefficient after 1 year of natural carbonization to that after 28 days of rapid carbonization can be taken as 20; The CO2 concentration on the concrete surface is 0.0143 mol / m³ under natural carbonation. 3 ; The carbon dioxide diffusion coefficient after rapid carbonization for 28 days can be obtained from... We obtained, among which, This refers to the amount of CO2 absorbed per unit volume of concrete when using silicate cement. (mol / m 3 When using ordinary Portland cement, (mol / m 3 ); The standard carbonization time is 28 days; This refers to the carbonization time, i.e., the set duration. The influence coefficient related to time is 0.3 for concrete below C40 and 0.1 for concrete above C45. This is the load influence factor. , The ultimate stress of concrete is the stress under compression when the concrete is subjected to pressure. When concrete is under tension: ; The influence coefficient for cement type is 8.03 for silicate cement and 6.83 for ordinary silicate cement. The amount of cement used per cubic meter of concrete, expressed in kg.

[0082] This method utilizes the stress distribution of each cross-section of the tunnel lining, calculated using materials mechanics principles, based on the stress conditions and geometric information of each cross-section. Since the stress distribution varies across different locations within the tunnel lining, the carbonation coefficient also differs. Input parameters for calculating the carbonation coefficient can include external carbon dioxide concentration, ambient temperature, relative humidity, carbonation time, and stress data, yielding the carbonation depth along a carbonation path. By calculating and summing the carbonation depths along all carbonation paths, the carbonation depth distribution at any cross-section of the tunnel lining can be obtained, providing a reference for tunnel operation and management personnel.

[0083] Please refer to the above method embodiments. Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a tunnel lining carbonation depth determination device 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 200 may be a module, program segment, or code on an electronic device. It should be understood that the device 200 corresponds to the above method embodiment and is capable of performing the various steps involved in the method embodiment. The specific functions of the device 200 can be found in the description above. To avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are appropriately omitted here.

[0084] Optionally, the device 200 includes: The data acquisition module 210 is used to acquire stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining; The coefficient acquisition module 220 is used to convert the stress data of the target location of the tunnel lining into the corresponding concrete carbonation coefficient through a predefined conversion function, wherein the conversion function is used to characterize the dependence of the concrete carbonation coefficient on the stress data at different locations. The depth determination module 230 is used to determine the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining at a set time based on the concrete carbonation coefficient. The carbonization distribution determination module 240 is used to obtain the carbonization distribution of the tunnel lining based on the carbonization depth at each position on each diffusion path corresponding to each cross section of the tunnel.

[0085] Optionally, the conversion function is the product of the load influence coefficient and other influence coefficients, wherein the load influence coefficient is determined based on stress data.

[0086] Optionally, the load influence coefficient is determined by a linear relationship between the stress data and the ultimate stress of concrete.

[0087] Optionally, when the concrete is under compression, the coefficient of the linear relationship is negative; when the concrete is under tension, the coefficient of the linear relationship is positive.

[0088] Optionally, the other influence coefficients include at least one of the following: environmental humidity influence coefficient, environmental temperature influence coefficient, concrete material influence coefficient, and cement type and dosage influence coefficient.

[0089] Optionally, the depth determination module 230 is used to discretize the set duration into multiple consecutive time steps; within each time step, based on the concrete carbonation coefficient, iteratively calculate the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining until the carbonation depth calculated in the last time step is obtained.

[0090] Optionally, based on the concrete carbonation coefficient, the carbonation depth increment within the current time step is calculated; based on the cumulative carbonation depth calculated in the previous time step and the carbonation depth increment, the cumulative carbonation depth at the target location of the tunnel lining in the current time step is obtained.

[0091] Optionally, the time step is less than a set threshold.

[0092] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device for performing a method for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining, provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may include: at least one processor 310, such as a CPU; at least one communication interface 320; at least one memory 330; and at least one communication bus 340. The communication bus 340 is used to establish communication between these components. In this embodiment, the communication interface 320 is used for signaling or data communication with other node devices. The memory 330 may be a high-speed RAM or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory 330 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor. The memory 330 stores computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by the processor 310, cause the electronic device to perform the aforementioned method process.

[0094] Understandable. Figure 6 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only; the electronic device may also include components that are more advanced than those shown. Figure 6 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 6 The different configurations shown. Figure 6 The components shown can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof.

[0095] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the method process executed by the electronic device in the above method embodiments.

[0096] This embodiment discloses a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can perform the methods provided in the above-described method embodiments, such as including: Obtain stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining; The stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining is converted into the corresponding concrete carbonation coefficient using a predefined conversion function. The conversion function is used to characterize the dependence of the concrete carbonation coefficient on the stress data at different locations. Based on the concrete carbonation coefficient, the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining at a set time is determined; The carbonization distribution determination module is used to obtain the carbonization distribution of the tunnel lining based on the carbonization depth at each location on each diffusion path corresponding to each cross section of the tunnel.

[0097] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide a method, electronic device, and storage medium for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining. This method establishes a quantitative dependence between the stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining and the concrete carbonation coefficient. By using a predefined transformation function, it achieves accurate quantification of the influence of stress on carbonation. Combined with the actual load-bearing characteristics of the tunnel lining, the concrete is regarded as a non-uniform stress state, making the carbonation coefficient at the target location highly compatible with the actual stress state at that location. This makes the carbonation depth calculation results under a set time period more consistent with the actual engineering situation, thus significantly improving the prediction accuracy of carbonation depth under non-uniform stress state.

[0098] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0099] Furthermore, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0100] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0101] In this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0102] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the carbonation depth of tunnel lining, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining; The stress data at the target location of the tunnel lining is converted into the corresponding concrete carbonation coefficient using a predefined conversion function. The conversion function is used to characterize the dependence of the concrete carbonation coefficient on the stress data at different locations. Based on the concrete carbonation coefficient, the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining at a set time is determined; The carbonization distribution of the tunnel lining is obtained by measuring the carbonization depth at each location along the diffusion path corresponding to each cross section of the tunnel.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion function is the product of the load influence coefficient and other influence coefficients, and the load influence coefficient is determined based on stress data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The load influence coefficient is determined by a linear relationship between the stress data and the ultimate stress of concrete.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, When concrete is under compression, the coefficient of the linear relationship is negative; when concrete is under tension, the coefficient of the linear relationship is positive.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The other influence coefficients include at least one of the following: environmental humidity influence coefficient, environmental temperature influence coefficient, concrete material influence coefficient, and cement type and dosage influence coefficient.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining at a set time based on the concrete carbonation coefficient includes: The set duration is discretized into multiple consecutive time steps; Within each time step, the carbonation depth of the target location of the tunnel lining is iteratively calculated based on the concrete carbonation coefficient until the carbonation depth calculated in the last time step is obtained.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of iteratively calculating the carbonation depth at the target location of the tunnel lining based on the concrete carbonation coefficient within each time step includes: Based on the concrete carbonation coefficient, calculate the increment of carbonation depth within the current time step; Based on the cumulative carbonization depth calculated from the previous time step and the carbonization depth increment, the cumulative carbonization depth at the target location of the tunnel lining at the current time step is obtained.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The time step is less than a set threshold.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer-readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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