A circuit breaker

Abstract

This invention provides a circuit breaker, relating to the field of electrical equipment technology. The circuit breaker includes terminals, mechanical switch modules, solid-state switch modules, and a drive module. The terminals include a first incoming terminal, a first outgoing terminal, a second incoming terminal, and a second outgoing terminal. At least two mechanical switch modules and at least two solid-state switch modules are connected respectively, with one connected in series at the first incoming terminal and the first outgoing terminal to form a positive circuit, and the other connected in series at the second incoming terminal and the second outgoing terminal to form a negative circuit. The drive module is driven by the at least two mechanical switch modules and is used to drive the at least two mechanical switch modules to synchronously close or open, thereby synchronously connecting or disconnecting the positive or negative circuit. It combines reliable isolation capability with high-speed protection capability, meeting the requirements of power systems for safe disconnection and rapid tripping, thus improving the reliability and safety of the circuit breaker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical equipment technology, and more specifically, to a circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-state circuit breakers, as electronic switching devices based on power semiconductor devices, are increasingly widely used in smart power distribution and high-reliability power systems due to their advantages such as fast response speed, arc-free interruption, and long lifespan.

[0003] However, existing solid-state circuit breakers are expensive to manufacture and lack physically isolated mechanical breaks. When semiconductor devices are damaged due to overvoltage breakdown, thermal runaway, or control failure, they may exhibit a short-circuit conducting state, failing to truly disconnect the faulty circuit. Especially in extreme faults such as line short circuits accompanied by fire, if solid-state switches cannot effectively isolate the power supply, they will continue to supply power to the fault point, exacerbating the fire risk and seriously threatening personal and equipment safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a circuit breaker that can control the opening and closing of the positive circuit and the positive circuit through two mechanical switch modules and two solid-state switch modules respectively. It retains the large opening distance isolation advantage of mechanical switches and integrates the microsecond-level response and arc-free breaking characteristics of solid-state switches. Therefore, it has both reliable isolation capability and high-speed protection capability, meeting the requirements of power systems for safe disconnection and rapid disconnection, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the circuit breaker.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a circuit breaker, comprising; The terminal block includes a first inlet terminal, a first outlet terminal, a second inlet terminal, and a second outlet terminal; At least two mechanical switch modules and at least two solid-state switch modules are connected to each other, with one of them connected in series at the first input terminal and the first output terminal to form a positive circuit, and the other connected in series at the second input terminal and the second output terminal to form a negative circuit. A drive module is connected to at least two of the mechanical switch modules for driving the at least two mechanical switch modules to synchronously close or open, so as to synchronously connect or disconnect the positive or negative circuit.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the circuit breaker further includes a mounting housing; The drive module includes a drive shaft, a drive disk, and an energy storage component. One end of the drive shaft is used to connect to a handle or drive mechanism, and the other end is movably disposed in the mounting housing. The drive disk is movably disposed on the mounting housing. The drive disk is driven by the drive shaft and is used to drive the contact shaft of the contact mechanism so as to drive the contact shaft to move under the drive of the drive shaft, so as to make the contact mechanism close or open. The energy storage component is disposed on the mounting housing and acts on the drive disk. During the process of the drive shaft driving the drive disk to move toward the closed position or the open position, the drive shaft also drives the energy storage component to store and release energy in sequence, so as to jointly drive the drive disk to move to the closed position or the open position together with the energy storage component.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the drive module further includes a drive component, which is fixedly disposed on the drive shaft, extends radially along the drive shaft, and is movably connected to the drive disk. The energy storage component includes a first energy storage element, one end of which is connected to the mounting housing, and the other end of which is movably connected to the drive element. When the drive shaft drives the drive component to move, the drive component drives the first energy storage component to store energy, and when the first energy storage component releases energy, it together with the first energy storage component drives the drive disk to move, so as to drive the contact mechanism to close or open.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the drive module further includes a connector, the drive component having a first sliding portion extending radially along the drive shaft, the drive disk having a second sliding portion extending circumferentially around the rotation center of the drive disk, at least a portion of the connector being slidably disposed on the first sliding portion, and at least another portion being slidably disposed on the second sliding portion, and the first energy storage component being movably connected to the connector.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage component further includes a second energy storage element, one end of which is connected to the mounting housing and the other end of which is movably connected to the drive disk; When the drive shaft drives the drive component to move, the drive component drives the first energy storage component to store energy, and when the first energy storage component releases energy, it drives the drive disk to move together with the first energy storage component. This drives the second energy storage component to store energy while the drive disk moves. During or after the first energy storage component releases energy, the second energy storage component releases energy to continue driving the drive disk to the closed or open position.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the mechanical switch module includes a contact shaft and at least two stacked contact mechanisms. Each contact mechanism includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The moving contact of each contact mechanism is connected to the contact shaft, which is connected to the drive disk. One of the stationary contacts in each contact mechanism is connected to the first input terminal or the second input terminal, and the other stationary contact is connected to the corresponding solid-state switch module.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the circuit breaker further includes a face cover and an operating module, the operating module including an operating component, a switching component, and a padlock component; The operating component is movably disposed on the face cover, the switching component is movably disposed on the face cover and is connected to the operating component in a transmission manner, and the padlock component is movably disposed on the switching component; The operating component is used to move the switching component to a first state, a second state, or a third state. In the first state, the switching component exposes the drive shaft so that the drive shaft can be driven by the handle. In the second state, the switching component triggers the drive mechanism so that the drive shaft can be driven by the drive mechanism. In the third state, the switching component moves the padlock component to the padlock position so that the padlock component can lock to restrict the movement of the switching component.

[0012] In an optional implementation, the operation module, the drive module, the mechanical switch module, and the solid-state switch module are stacked sequentially.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, at least two of the mechanical switch modules are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction, and at least two of the mechanical switch modules are stacked in a one-to-one correspondence with at least two of the solid-state switch modules.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the circuit breaker further includes a sensor disposed at at least one of the first incoming terminal and the second incoming terminal, the sensor being used to acquire current and / or voltage signals.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the circuit breaker provided in this embodiment of the invention include: a positive circuit is formed by connecting a first incoming terminal, a mechanical switch module, a solid-state switch module, and a first outgoing terminal in series; and a negative circuit is formed by connecting a second incoming terminal, another mechanical switch module, another solid-state switch module, and a second outgoing terminal in series. This allows the positive and negative circuits to be controlled by at least two mechanical switch modules and at least two solid-state switch modules respectively. This retains the large-distance isolation advantage of mechanical switches while incorporating the microsecond-level response and arc-free breaking characteristics of solid-state switches. Therefore, it combines reliable isolation capability with high-speed protection capability, meeting the requirements of power systems for safe disconnection and rapid disconnection, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the circuit breaker. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 An exploded view of a circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a circuit breaker circuit structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the circuit breaker circuit structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the faceplate and operation module structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first state structure of the operation module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second state structure of the operation module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third state structure of the operation module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the faceplate and operation module structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the switching component and padlock component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the indicator structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the driver module structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the drive disk structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Icons: 10-Circuit breaker; 100-Mounting housing; 110-Face cover; 111-First operating hole; 112-Padlock hole; 113-Guide groove; 114-Limit groove; 115-Indicator window; 120-Top cover; 130-Middle cover; 140-Base; 150-Connecting post; 160-First limiting part; 200-Terminal block; 210-First inlet terminal; 220-First outlet terminal; 230-Second inlet terminal; 2 40 - Second output terminal; 250 - Sensor; 300 - Mechanical switch module; 310 - Contact mechanism; 320 - Contact shaft; 400 - Solid-state switch module; 500 - Drive module; 510 - Drive shaft; 520 - Drive disk; 521 - Second sliding part; 522 - Connecting part; 523 - Second limiting part; 524 - Second transmission rod; 525 - Connecting bearing; 530 - Energy storage component; 531 - First energy storage component; 532 - Second energy storage component; 540 - Drive component; 541 - First sliding part; 550 - Connector; 600 - Operation module; 610 - Operation component; 611 - Operation element; 6111 - Operation part; 612 - Switching element; 6121 - Second operation hole; 6122 - Trigger part; 6123 - First section; 6124 - Second section; 6125 - Third section; 6126 - Mating hole; 613 - Trigger element; 614 - Damping component; 620-Padlock assembly; 621-Padlock component; 6211-Actuation hole; 6212-Padlock part; 630-Indicator assembly; 631-Indicator element; 6311-First indicator part; 6312-Second indicator part; 6313-Fixing part; 6314-First transmission rod; 632-Reset component; 633-Fixing component; 6331-Slide groove; 6332-Through hole; 700-Heat dissipation module; 710-Heat dissipation component. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0021] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0025] Solid-state circuit breakers, as electronic switching devices based on power semiconductor devices, are increasingly widely used in smart power distribution and high-reliability power systems due to their advantages such as fast response speed, arc-free interruption, and long lifespan.

[0026] However, existing solid-state circuit breakers are expensive to manufacture and lack physically isolated mechanical breaks. When semiconductor devices are damaged due to overvoltage breakdown, thermal runaway, or control failure, they may exhibit a short-circuit conducting state, failing to truly disconnect the faulty circuit. Especially in extreme faults such as line short circuits accompanied by fire, if solid-state switches cannot effectively isolate the power supply, they will continue to supply power to the fault point, exacerbating the fire risk and seriously threatening personal and equipment safety.

[0027] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new circuit breaker architecture that combines fast electronic response with reliable mechanical disconnection capabilities. While retaining the high performance advantages of solid-state switches, it should introduce an inherently safe mechanical isolation mechanism to solve the safety hazards and application limitations caused by the lack of a break point.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 12 This invention provides a circuit breaker 10, which includes a mounting housing 100, a terminal block 200, a mechanical switch module 300, a solid-state switch module 400, a drive module 500, an operation module 600, and a heat dissipation module 700.

[0029] In this embodiment, the mounting housing 100 serves as the mounting and supporting structure for the entire circuit breaker 10. It includes a front cover 110, an upper cover 120, a middle cover 130, and a base 140. The operation module 600 is disposed on the front cover 110 and the upper cover 120 and is used to perform manual operation, i.e., manually drive the contact mechanism 310 in the mechanical switch module 300 to close or open, or perform electric operation, i.e., remotely control the contact mechanism 310 in the mechanical switch module 300 to close or open via an electric drive mechanism, or perform a padlock operation in the open state to lock the operation module 600 to prevent accidental operation and facilitate maintenance by operators. The mechanical switch module 300 and the solid-state switch module 400 are respectively disposed on both sides of the middle cover 130 and can control the conduction or disconnection of the corresponding circuit current. The heat dissipation module 700 is disposed on the base 140 to effectively dissipate heat from the solid-state switch module 400.

[0030] Among them, the solid-state switch module 400 is a contactless electronic switch unit composed of semiconductor power devices (such as silicon carbide SiC MOSFETs or IGBTs); the mechanical switch module 300 refers to an electromechanical switch device with physical contacts that can produce visible breaks.

[0031] In detail, the terminal block 200 includes a first inlet terminal 210, a first outlet terminal 220, a second inlet terminal 230, and a second outlet terminal 240.

[0032] In this embodiment, there are at least two mechanical switch modules 300 and at least two solid-state switch modules 400. The at least two mechanical switch modules 300 and at least two solid-state switch modules 400 are connected respectively. One of them is connected in series at the first input terminal 210 and the first output terminal 220 to form a positive circuit, and the other is connected in series at the second input terminal 230 and the second output terminal 240 to form a negative circuit. The drive module 500 is drivenly connected to the at least two mechanical switch modules 300 and is used to drive the at least two mechanical switch modules 300 to synchronously close or open the circuit, so as to synchronously conduct or disconnect the positive circuit or the negative circuit.

[0033] Specifically, the first incoming terminal 210, one mechanical switch module 300, one solid-state switch module 400, and the first outgoing terminal 220 are connected in series to form a positive circuit. The second incoming terminal 230, another mechanical switch module 300, another solid-state switch module 400, and the second outgoing terminal 240 are connected in series to form a negative circuit. In this way, the positive circuit and the negative circuit can be controlled by at least two mechanical switch modules 300 and at least two solid-state switch modules 400 respectively. This retains the large opening distance isolation advantage of mechanical switches and integrates the microsecond-level response and arc-free breaking characteristics of solid-state switches. Therefore, it has both reliable isolation capability and high-speed protection capability, which meets the requirements of the power system for safe disconnection and fast disconnection, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the circuit breaker 10.

[0034] Furthermore, the terminal block 200 also includes a sensor 250, which is disposed at least one of the first input terminal 210 and the second input terminal 230, and is used to acquire current and / or voltage signals.

[0035] It can be understood that the sensor 250 is a key sensing unit in the circuit breaker 10 for realizing electrical parameter sensing and status monitoring. Specifically, it can be a Hall sensor 250, that is, a solid-state magnetoelectric conversion device based on the Hall effect principle.

[0036] The sensor 250 is physically mounted close to the conductor portion of at least one of the first input terminal 210 and the second input terminal 230, so that the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the input terminal can be effectively coupled to the sensitive surface of the Hall element.

[0037] In practical applications, when current flows through the first input terminal 210 (or the second input terminal 230) in the circuit, a stable, low-noise, high signal-to-noise ratio analog or digital output signal can be generated in the Hall sensor 250. This signal can be received by the control unit of the circuit breaker 10 and used for subsequent functions such as overcurrent protection, short-circuit identification, load monitoring, or energy metering. Since the Hall sensor 250 has the characteristics of strong isolation, fast response, wide bandwidth, and no insertion loss, its position at the input terminal not only ensures measurement accuracy but also avoids affecting the current carrying capacity and insulation performance of the main circuit.

[0038] Furthermore, the operation module 600 includes an operation component 610, a padlock component 620, and an indicator component 630.

[0039] The operation component 610 includes an operation component 611 and a switching component 612; the padlock component 620 includes a padlock component 621; and the drive module 500 includes a drive shaft 510 for driving the contact mechanism 310 in the mechanical switch module 300 to close or open the circuit.

[0040] The operating component 611, which serves as the input structure for the user to apply external force, is movably disposed on the face cover 110. The switching component 612 is movably disposed on the face cover 110 and is connected to the operating component 611 in a transmission manner. The padlock component 621 is movably disposed on the switching component 612.

[0041] The operating member 611 is used to drive the switching member 612 to move to a first state, a second state, or a third state. In the first state, the switching member 612 exposes the drive shaft 510 so that the drive shaft 510 can be driven by the handle. In the second state, the switching member 612 triggers the drive mechanism so that the drive shaft 510 can be driven by the drive mechanism. In the third state, the switching member 612 drives the padlock member 621 to move to the padlock position so that the padlock member 621 can lock to restrict the movement of the switching member 612.

[0042] Specifically, the switching member 612 is driven to a first state by the driving operation member 611, so that the drive shaft 510 in this state is exposed in the cover 110, allowing the handle to be inserted into the cover 110 and fixedly engaged with the drive shaft 510, so that the drive shaft 510 can be rotated by moving the handle, thereby driving the contact mechanism 310 to close or open. The driving operation member 611 can also be driven to a second state, so that the electrical circuit of the drive mechanism that can electrically drive the drive shaft 510 to rotate is turned on, thereby enabling remote signal control of the drive mechanism to control the contact mechanism 310 to close or open. In addition, the driving operation member 611 can also be driven to a third state, so that the padlock member 621 in this state can extend from the cover 110, thereby allowing the padlock member 621 to be locked by the padlock, thereby rigidly restricting all degrees of freedom of movement of the switching member 612 itself, fundamentally blocking any mode switching possibility.

[0043] As can be seen, the operation module 600 provided in this embodiment has a simple structure and few parts. The circuit breaker 10 can be switched to manual operation mode, electric operation mode or padlock mode by only the operation component 611. This not only facilitates assembly and reduces the assembly volume, but also makes it convenient for users to operate, thereby improving the user experience.

[0044] Furthermore, the faceplate 110 is provided with a first operating hole 111, which is a fixed opening penetrating the body of the faceplate 110, with a fixed position and size adapted to the diameter of a standard handle; the drive shaft 510 is located on the side of the switching member 612 away from the faceplate 110, that is, in the mounting cavity between the faceplate 110 and the contact mechanism 310, with its axis perpendicular to the plane of the faceplate 110, and one end of it is used to be inserted into the handle; the switching member 612 is provided with a second operating hole 6121, which has the same shape as the first operating hole 111, but does not coincide with it when the switching member 612 is not in the first state.

[0045] Specifically, in the first state, the operating member 611 drives the switching member 612 to move along a predetermined trajectory to a designated position. At this time, the center of the second operating hole 6121 is precisely aligned with the center of the first operating hole 111, and the two holes form a through channel to expose the drive shaft 510, thereby allowing the operator to smoothly insert the handle and apply rotational torque. In the second or third state, the switching member 612 has been translated or rotated away from the aligned position, and its main body part just covers and blocks the second operating hole 6121, making the first operating hole 111 a blind hole. The drive shaft 510 is completely blocked between the cover 110 and the switching member 612, and cannot make physical contact.

[0046] Furthermore, the operation component 610 also includes a trigger 613, which is used to turn on the electrical circuit of the drive mechanism in the triggered state. The switching component 612 is provided with a trigger part 6122, and the trigger 613 is located in the movement path of the trigger part 6122. When the switching component 612 switches from the first state or the third state to the second state, the trigger part 6122 triggers the trigger 613.

[0047] In this embodiment, the trigger 613, as a physical switching element for conducting the electrical circuit, is fixedly installed at a predetermined position inside the cover 110. Its structure can be a micro switch or a tactile limit switch, and it has a clear action threshold and mechanical reset characteristics.

[0048] The switching member 612 is provided with a trigger part 6122, which is a protrusion, block or inclined structure extending from the body of the switching member 612. During the movement of the switching member 612 along the set path, its spatial trajectory forms a definite relative relationship with the trigger member 613.

[0049] Specifically, when the operating member 611 drives the switching member 612 to switch from the first state or the third state to the second state, the switching member 612 as a whole translates or rotates, and the trigger part 6122 on it enters the sensing area of ​​the trigger member 613. When it moves to a specific position, it applies directional pressure to the trigger member 613, causing the internal contacts of the trigger member 613 to close, thereby connecting the electrical circuit of the drive mechanism. Once the switching member 612 leaves the position—whether it returns to the first state or switches to the third state—the trigger part 6122 disengages from the trigger member 613, the trigger member 613 resets under its own elastic action, and the electrical circuit is immediately disconnected.

[0050] Thus, whether the drive mechanism is energized depends entirely on the real-time mechanical position of the switching element 612, rather than on the command output or communication status of the upper controller. Therefore, the trigger part 6122 only presses the trigger element 613 when the switching element 612 is precisely stopped at the position corresponding to the second state; in any other state, the contact cannot be maintained closed, thereby giving the activation of the electric operation function the property of preventing accidental operation.

[0051] For example, if the on-site maintenance personnel place the operating component 611 in the third state and attach the physical padlock, the switching component 612 is rigidly locked, and the triggering part 6122 is far away from the triggering part 613. Even if the background system continues to send closing commands, the drive mechanism cannot respond because the circuit is disconnected. Similarly, in the first state, the triggering part 6122 has not yet reached the triggering position, and the motor circuit remains disconnected, completely eliminating the risk of conflict caused by the parallel operation of remote commands and manual operations.

[0052] In summary, this structure achieves effective control of the electronic control circuit through mechanical action by defining the spatial position and contact triggering relationship between the trigger element 613 and the trigger part 6122 of the switching element 612. This eliminates the safety blind spot caused by single-point failure of the electronic system and eliminates the need to add an independent power management module, thereby improving the inherent safety and structural compactness of the whole machine.

[0053] Furthermore, the faceplate 110 is provided with a padlock hole 112, which is a fixed through hole 6332 that penetrates the thickness of the faceplate 110 and whose shape is adapted to the size of a standard padlock.

[0054] The padlock component 621, as a columnar or block-shaped member capable of reciprocating along a straight line, is movably disposed on the switching component 612. That is, the padlock component 621 can move towards the padlock hole 112 to the outside of the face cover 110 under the action of the switching component 612, or move completely from the outside of the face cover 110 through the padlock hole 112 to the inside of the face cover 110. In other words, the direction of movement of the padlock component 621 is perpendicular to the plane of the face cover 110, and its stroke is strictly limited by the displacement path of the switching component 612 itself.

[0055] Specifically, in the second or first state, the switch 612 is in the non-padlock position. At this time, the padlock 621 is completely housed inside the faceplate 110, and its free end does not protrude from the padlock hole 112. The entire operating module 600 has a flat appearance and no exposed structure. When the operating component 611 drives the switch 612 to move to the third state, the switch 612 applies a directional thrust to the padlock 621, causing the padlock 621 to be pushed outward in the direction toward the padlock hole 112. At least a portion of its column passes through the padlock hole 112 and protrudes outside the faceplate 110, forming a rigid protrusion into which the padlock beam can pass, so that the padlock 621 can be padlocked to restrict the movement of the switch 612.

[0056] In practical applications, when the operating member 611 drives the switching member 612 to the first or second state, the switching member 612 is located at the beginning of its stroke. At this time, the padlock member 621 is fully accommodated in the padlock hole 112, neither hindering the operating member 611 from triggering the trigger member 613 to connect the motor circuit of the drive mechanism, nor obstructing the handle insertion channel. When the operating member 611 continues to push the switching member 612 into the third state, the switching member 612 makes a deterministic contact with the padlock member 621 and applies a pushing force, causing the padlock member 621 to move outward along the padlock hole 112 until the padlock part 6212 extends out of the padlock hole 112.

[0057] At this time, the padlock part 6212 protrudes from the surface of the cover 110, and its outer edge contour is just stuck on the return path of the switching part 612, forming an unavoidable mechanical barrier. That is, as long as the padlock is not manually pulled out, the switching part 612 cannot return to any position in the first or second state.

[0058] As can be seen, the operation module 600 provided in this embodiment has a simple and compact structure, and can complete the padlock action simply, effectively, quickly and accurately, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the circuit breaker 10.

[0059] Furthermore, the padlock component 621 is provided with an actuation hole 6211, and the switching component 612 includes a first segment 6123, a second segment 6124 and a third segment 6125 connected in sequence. The first segment 6123, the second segment 6124 and the third segment 6125 are movably inserted through the actuation hole 6211, and the distance between the first segment 6123 and the face shell is greater than the distance between the third segment 6125 and the face shell. In the first and second states, the first segment 6123 is located in the actuation hole 6211 to confine the padlock 621 within the padlock hole 112; in the third state, the third segment 6125 is located in the actuation hole 6211 to allow the padlock portion 6212 of the padlock 621 to extend out of the padlock hole 112.

[0060] Specifically, when the operating member 611 drives the switching member 612 to the first or second state, the switching member 612 is displaced as a whole, and its first segment 6123 is located inside the actuation hole 6211 of the padlock member 621. Since the distance between the first segment 6123 and the face shell is relatively the largest, the padlock member 621 is completely constrained inside the padlock hole 112 at this time. As the operating member 611 continues to push the switching member 612 to the third state, the switching member 612 is displaced along a predetermined trajectory, and the second segment 6124 and the third segment 6125 enter the actuation hole 6211. Since the distance between the third segment 6125 and the face shell is relatively the smallest, when the switching member 612 reaches the position corresponding to the third state, the third segment 6125 completely enters the actuation hole 6211 and drives the padlock part 6212 of the padlock member 621 to extend out of the padlock hole 112.

[0061] It is worth mentioning that the second segment 6124 is inclined relative to the first segment 6123 and the second segment 6124. In other words, the first segment 6123, the second segment 6124 and the third segment 6125 are roughly Z-shaped. Therefore, the inclined second segment 6124 forms a gentle slope transition area on its surface. Thus, in the stage between the actuation hole 6211 and the first segment 6123 and the third segment 6125, the slope first contacts and supports the padlock part 621. The slope component force converts part of the thrust into a guiding component force along the padlock hole 112, so that the padlock part 6212 gradually extends out of the padlock hole 112 under the action of this component force.

[0062] Furthermore, a guide groove 113 is provided on each side wall of the face shell. The first segment 6123 is disposed in the guide groove 113. The extension direction of the guide groove 113 is consistent with the movement direction of the first segment 6123, the second segment 6124 and the third segment 6125. Thus, during the translation of the switching member 612 driven by the operating member 611, the first segment 6123 is guided and limited by the guide groove 113, thereby ensuring that the switching member 612 slides strictly in the direction constrained by the guide groove 113, thereby improving the movement stability of the switching member 612.

[0063] Furthermore, the inner wall of the faceplate is provided with a limiting groove 114, the padlock hole 112 is opened on the bottom wall of the limiting groove 114, and the padlock 621 is provided in the limiting groove 114. The limiting groove 114 is used to limit the padlock 621 to move with the switching component 612.

[0064] In practical applications, when the switching component 612 drives the padlock component 621 to extend out of the padlock hole 112, the main body of the padlock component 621 is always constrained within the cavity of the limiting groove 114, with its two side edges tightly abutting the sidewalls of the limiting groove 114. This structure compresses all the motion freedom of the padlock component 621 into a single translation along the padlock hole 112 opened on the bottom wall of the limiting groove 114, completely eliminating the possibility of rotation around the axis, lateral movement, or local tilting. Especially when the third section 6125 enters the actuation hole 6211 and applies a lifting thrust, the force on the padlock component 621 is balanced in the opposite direction by the sidewall of the limiting groove 114 in real time, avoiding skewing caused by unilateral force; when the padlock part 6212 is fully extended, its root is still supported by the limiting groove 114, ensuring that the padlock part 6212 does not bend or shear when subjected to padlock torque.

[0065] Furthermore, the operating member 611 is rotatably disposed on the face cover 110, that is, the operating member 611 is a knob structure. The operating member 611 is provided with an operating part 6111, which can move in a circular motion synchronously with the body of the operating member 611. The switching member 612 is slidably disposed on the face cover 110. The switching member 612 is provided with a mating hole 6126. The mating hole 6126 is an oblong hole. The extension direction of the mating hole 6126 is set at an angle with the sliding direction of the switching member 612 relative to the face cover 110. The operating part 6111 slides and engages with the mating hole 6126. When the operating member 611 drives the operating part 6111 to move in a circular motion, the operating part 6111 drives the switching member 612 to move in a straight line to the first state, the second state, or the third state through the mating hole 6126.

[0066] In practical applications, the switching member 612 can slide relative to the cover 110, and the sliding direction is limited by the guide rail structure or limiting groove on the cover 110. The operating part 6111 is inserted into the mating hole 6126 and can slide in the hole. When the operating member 611 rotates around its own axis, the operating part 6111 moves in a circular motion. Since the spatial orientation of the mating hole 6126 is fixed and limited by its geometric boundaries, the circular motion of the operating part 6111 in the hole is constrained to a reciprocating displacement along the axis of the mating hole 6126, thereby pushing the switching member 612 to produce a linear motion along its inherent sliding direction.

[0067] During this process, the included angle effectively decomposes the rotational stroke of the operating part 6111, converting it into an effective thrust that drives the switching element 612 to slide. Thus, with just a single rotational action, the switching element 612 can be stably and reliably positioned sequentially to three defined positions: the first state, the second state, or the third state. Each state corresponds to a different stationary point of the switching element 612 on the sliding path, avoiding accidental triggering or partial positioning.

[0068] As can be seen, the sliding engagement between the operating part 6111 and the mating hole 6126 in this embodiment essentially constitutes a rotation-translation motion conversion mechanism. Its structure is simple and does not require additional gears, cams or linkage assemblies, which reduces assembly complexity and the risk of wear on moving parts, thus improving the reliability of long-term operation.

[0069] In addition, the operating component 610 also includes a damping element 614, which is disposed on the face cover 110 and acts on the operating component 611. During the process of the operating component 611 driving the switching component 612 to switch between the first state, the second state and the third state, and before the operating component 611 moves to the critical position, the damping element 614 is used to provide a reverse force for the switching component 612.

[0070] It is understood that the critical position mentioned here refers to the position of the operating component 611 before it drives the switching component 612 from one state to another. During this process, the damping component 614 provides progressive resistance to the operating component 611 through elastic deformation or frictional energy dissipation, allowing the operator to clearly perceive the rhythm and boundary of the state switching, and avoiding the switching component 612 from overstepping its position or entering a non-target state due to inertia or excessive force, or causing abnormal collisions between the internal transmission structure, such as the edge of the mating hole 6126, and the operating part 6111.

[0071] Specifically, the reverse force does not change the three final positions of the switching component 612, nor does it affect the functionality of each state. It only acts on the dynamic process of state switching, thereby improving the controllability and certainty of operation. Thus, even in situations such as no lighting, wearing gloves, or emergency operation, the user can still accurately judge the current state and whether the next action has been completed by touch, reducing the risk of misoperation and minimizing wear on the mechanism caused by repeated probing.

[0072] Furthermore, the face cover 110 is provided with an indicator window 115, and the indicator component 630 includes an indicator 631, which is movably disposed on the face cover 110. The indicator 631 is directly or indirectly connected to the drive shaft 510. When the drive shaft 510 drives the contact module to close or open, the drive shaft 510 synchronously drives the indicator 631 to be exposed in the indicator window 115 to indicate that the contact module is in the closed or open state.

[0073] Specifically, when the drive shaft 510 rotates due to the operation of the handle or drive mechanism, the rotational motion is directly or indirectly converted into the linear sliding or swinging of the indicator 631 along a predetermined trajectory. This exposes at least one of the information on the indicator 631 that can represent the closed state and the open state on the indicator window 115, so as to accurately indicate the closed and open state information of the contact mechanism 310. Since this conversion does not rely on electrical signals or sensor 250 feedback, but is based on rigid linkage achieved by pure mechanical cooperation, it has the characteristics of instant response, no power supply dependence, and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference.

[0074] As can be seen, the operation module 600 provided in this embodiment has a simple structure, efficient and reliable transmission, which not only avoids the risk of misjudgment of status caused by false triggering, failure or communication interruption of sensor 250, but also eliminates the need for additional wiring and power supply. In a simple and reliable pure mechanical way, it can present the closed or open status in a true and intuitive way, thereby improving the safety and reliability of operation.

[0075] In detail, the indicator 631 is provided with a first indicator 6311 and a second indicator 6312. When the contact module is closed, the first indicator 6311 is exposed in the indicator window 115; when the contact module is open, the second indicator 6312 is exposed in the indicator window 115.

[0076] Specifically, when the contact module is in the closed state, the drive shaft 510 converts the rotational motion into the directional translation of the indicator 631 through the transmission structure, so that the whole moves in the first preset direction until the first indicator 6311 is fully entered and stably exposed in the range of the indicator window 115; at this time, the second indicator 6312 is completely out of the view of the indicator window 115 and is blocked by the cover 110 structure.

[0077] Conversely, when the contact module performs the opening action, the drive shaft 510 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the indicator 631 to slide in the opposite direction along the slide groove 6331. The second indicator 6312 then enters the indicator window 115, while the first indicator 6311 exits simultaneously.

[0078] It is understood that the first indicator 6311 and the second indicator 6312 can be at least one of color, shape, pattern, symbol and text. For example, the first indicator 6311 can be painted red and the second indicator 6312 can be painted green. Of course, it is not limited to this. As long as the indicator can provide visually recognizable status information, it is acceptable. No specific limitation is made here.

[0079] Furthermore, the indicator assembly 630 also includes a reset member 632, which is disposed on the face cover 110 and acts on the indicator 631; when the drive shaft 510 drives the contact module to open, the drive shaft 510 synchronously drives the first indicator part 6311 of the drive shaft 510 to be exposed in the indicator window 115; when the drive shaft 510 drives the contact module to close, the reset member 632 drives the second indicator part 6312 of the indicator 631 to be exposed in the indicator window 115.

[0080] Specifically, during the process of the drive shaft 510 driving the contact module to open the circuit, the drive shaft 510 applies a unidirectional thrust to the indicator 631 through the transmission structure, so that it overcomes the elastic force of the reset member 632 and slides along the slide groove 6331, thereby pushing the first indicator part 6311 into the indicator window 115. At this time, the reset member 632 is compressed or stretched, storing elastic potential energy.

[0081] During the closing process, the drive shaft 510 rotates in the opposite direction. Its transmission path does not directly pull the indicator 631 back, but allows the reset component 632 to complete the reset action autonomously with its inherent elastic characteristics.

[0082] In other words, the open state is "actively pushed out" by the drive shaft 510, while the closed state is "passively pulled back" by the reset component 632. This avoids adding extra transmission links in the closing path, which simplifies the structure and eliminates the risk of delayed or incomplete closing indication due to gear backlash, loose connecting rods, or poor lubrication.

[0083] To ensure the operational stability of the reset member 632 and prevent buckling, skewing, or localized stress concentration during compression or tension, the indicator member 631 is provided with a fixing part 6313, which is in the shape of a groove or a protruding column. The reset member 632 is a spring structure, with one end of the reset member 632 sleeved or embedded in the positioning part and the other end abutting against the face shell.

[0084] Furthermore, the indicator assembly 630 also includes a fixing member 633, which is disposed on the face cover 110. The fixing member 633 is provided with a sliding groove 6331, which corresponds to the indicator window 115. The indicator member 631 is slidably disposed on the indicator window 115.

[0085] Specifically, the indicator 631 is slidably disposed inside the slide 6331, with a small gap maintained between its side and the wall of the slide 6331 to ensure smooth movement, but the gap is small enough to prevent lateral displacement caused by vibration or external impact.

[0086] The bottom wall of the slide 6331 is provided with a through hole 6332, the extension direction of the through hole 6332 is consistent with the extension direction of the slide 6331, the indicator 631 is provided with a first transmission rod 6314, the first transmission rod 6314 is movably disposed in the through hole 6332, and the part of the first transmission rod 6314 extending out of the through hole 6332 is directly or indirectly connected to the drive shaft 510.

[0087] Specifically, when the drive shaft 510 rotates due to handle operation, the transmission feature on it rotates accordingly, pushing the extended end of the first transmission rod 6314 at a specific phase, thereby causing the entire indicator 631 to slide along the groove 6331. Since the through hole 6332 is axially aligned with the groove 6331, the first transmission rod 6314 only undergoes translation during the pushing process, without torsion or bending deformation, thus converting the angular displacement of the drive shaft 510 into the linear displacement of the indicator 631 with high fidelity. At the same time, the constraint effect of the sidewall of the groove 6331 on the body of the indicator 631, in turn, restricts the radial wobbling of the first transmission rod 6314 within the through hole 6332, ensuring that it can only transmit driving force in a predetermined direction.

[0088] Furthermore, the operation module 600 also includes a drive disk 520, which is connected to the drive shaft 510 and is used to connect to the contact shaft 320 of the contact module. The drive disk 520 is provided with a second transmission rod 524. When the drive shaft 510 drives the drive disk 520 to move to open the contact module, the drive shaft 510 drives the second transmission rod 524 to move synchronously so that the second transmission rod 524 abuts against the first transmission rod 6314, thereby causing the first indicator part 6311 of the indicator 631 to be exposed in the indicator window 115.

[0089] Specifically, when the drive shaft 510 drives the drive disc 520 to rotate to perform the opening operation, the second transmission rod 524 rotates synchronously with the drive disc 520 and sweeps across the space area where the protruding end of the first transmission rod 6314 is located on its movement path. Since the first transmission rod 6314 is constrained in the through hole 6332 at the bottom wall of the slide groove 6331 and moves in a straight line, its protruding end is in a preset position when stationary. When the second transmission rod 524 rotates to this position, the end faces of the two make surface contact. The second transmission rod 524 continues to rotate, which pushes the first transmission rod 6314 to translate along the direction of the slide groove 6331, thereby driving the entire indicator 631 to slide, so that the first indicator part 6311 gradually enters the field of view of the indicator window 115.

[0090] It is worth mentioning that the contact process is not an instantaneous impact, but a gradual push achieved through the arc transition or inclined surface guidance at the end of the second transmission rod 524, avoiding indication jumps or structural damage caused by rigid collisions. At the same time, the rotation angle of the drive disc 520 strictly corresponds to the opening stroke of the contact shaft 320, so the contact timing of the second transmission rod 524 is also precisely synchronized with the actual contact separation moment, ensuring that the indication action is neither premature nor delayed.

[0091] Of course, in other embodiments, the second transmission rod 524 can also be connected to the contact shaft 320 of the contact module to rotate synchronously with the contact shaft 320. When the drive shaft 510 drives the contact shaft 320 to move to open the contact module, the contact shaft 320 drives the second transmission rod 524 to move synchronously so that the second transmission rod 524 abuts against the first transmission rod 6314, thereby causing the first indicator part 6311 of the indicator 631 to be exposed in the indicator window 115.

[0092] Furthermore, the drive module 500 includes a drive shaft 510, a drive disk 520, and an energy storage component 530. One end of the drive shaft 510 is used to connect to a handle or drive mechanism, and the other end is movably disposed in the mounting housing 100.

[0093] The drive disk 520 is movably disposed in the mounting housing 100. The drive disk 520 is connected to the drive shaft 510 and is used to connect to the contact shaft 320 of the contact mechanism 310 so as to drive the contact shaft 320 to move under the drive of the drive shaft 510, so as to close or open the contact mechanism 310.

[0094] The energy storage component 530 is disposed on the mounting housing 100 and acts on the drive disk 520. During the process of the drive shaft 510 driving the drive disk 520 to move toward the closed position or the open position, the drive shaft 510 also drives the energy storage component 530 to store and release energy in sequence, so as to jointly drive the drive disk 520 to move to the closed position or the open position together with the energy storage component 530.

[0095] During the process of the drive shaft 510 driving the drive disc 520 toward the closed or open position, the rotational motion of the drive shaft 510 is synchronously converted into the deformation of the energy storage component 530, such as a tension spring, compression spring, or torsional elastic element, to complete energy storage in sequence. Subsequently, when the drive disc 520 moves to the vicinity of the critical position, the deformation potential energy is released in sequence, thereby pushing the drive disc 520 to move further toward the closed or open position. The additional driving force provided by the energy storage component 530, together with the drive shaft 510, ensures that the drive disc 520 moves to the position quickly in one go, ensuring that the contact mechanism 310 is stably closed or opened. This avoids the mid-way stop caused by insufficient input force alone, and also eliminates the unstable phenomenon of repeated fine-tuning before closing. This significantly improves the response speed, positioning accuracy, and reliability of repeated operation of the contact action, thereby effectively improving the safety, breaking speed, and adaptability of the circuit breaker 10.

[0096] Furthermore, the drive module 500 also includes a drive member 540, which is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 510 and extends radially along the drive shaft 510. The drive member 540 is movably connected to the drive disk 520. The energy storage component 530 includes a first energy storage component 531, one end of which is connected to the mounting housing 100, and the other end is movably connected to the drive member 540. When the drive shaft 510 drives the drive member 540 to move, the drive member 540 drives the first energy storage component 531 to store energy, and when the first energy storage component 531 releases energy, it together with the first energy storage component 531 drives the drive disk 520 to move, thereby driving the contact mechanism 310 to close or open.

[0097] In detail, the drive member 540, as an extension structure of the drive shaft 510, is rigidly fixed to the body of the drive shaft 510 and extends radially outward along the drive shaft 510 so that the drive member 540 can rotate synchronously with the drive shaft 510 and become the force output end of the drive shaft 510 in motion.

[0098] When the operator turns the handle or starts the drive mechanism, the drive shaft 510 drives the drive component 540 to rotate around its own axis. The outer edge of the drive component 540 then traces an arc trajectory, thus enabling it to drive other components to move.

[0099] The drive component 540 and the drive disk 520 are connected in a movable manner, such as through a groove 6331-pin engagement, a roller-concave contact, or a curved guide engagement. This connection is not rigidly locked, but allows for relative sliding or rotation between the two during movement.

[0100] The first energy storage element 531 is fixedly connected at one end to the mounting housing 100 and movably connected at the other end to the drive element 540. It is typically an energy storage element such as a spring (e.g., a tension spring, torsion spring, or leaf spring), an elastic rubber block, or a pre-compressed disc spring assembly. During the movement of the drive element 540 driven by the drive shaft 510, the radial displacement of the drive element 540 pulls the first energy storage element 531, causing it to undergo controllable deformation and store elastic potential energy.

[0101] It is worth mentioning that during the initial rotation phase, the drive component 540 only drives the first energy storage component 531 to store energy. This energy storage process continues until the drive component 540 just comes into contact with the drive disk 520. At this time, the energy accumulated by the first energy storage component 531 reaches the set threshold. That is, at the same time that the first energy storage component 531 is about to start releasing energy, the drive component 540 comes into contact with the drive disk 520 and together with the first energy storage component 531 drives the drive disk 520 to move toward the closing or opening position.

[0102] Thus, with the synergy of the two, the closing and opening actions, which originally relied on continuous human force to complete, are transformed into a process of first smoothly introducing energy to buffer and then bursting into place. This significantly improves the certainty of the contact action and the rigidity of the terminal position, and also reduces the risk of malfunction caused by uneven operating force.

[0103] Furthermore, the drive module 500 also includes a connector 550. The drive component 540 is provided with a first sliding portion 541, which extends radially along the drive shaft 510. The drive disk 520 is provided with a second sliding portion 521, which extends circumferentially around the rotation center of the drive disk 520. At least a portion of the structure of the connector 550 is slidably disposed on the first sliding portion 541, and at least another portion of the structure is slidably disposed on the second sliding portion 521. The first energy storage component 531 is movably connected to the connector 550.

[0104] It is understandable that the connector 550, as an independent intermediate force transmission component, is not directly fixed to the drive shaft 510 or the drive disk 520, but establishes a dynamic coupling relationship with the two through two sliding pairs. In order to reduce the friction between the connector 550 and the first energy storage component 531 during relative motion, the connector 550 can be selected as a bearing structure.

[0105] The first sliding part 541 provided on the drive component 540 extends radially along the drive shaft 510, and is usually manifested as a straight groove 6331, a guide rail or a pin through hole; while the second sliding part 521 provided on the drive disk 520 extends circumferentially around the rotation center of the drive disk 520, and is commonly manifested as an arc-shaped groove 6331, an annular guide rail or a fan-shaped limiting concave surface.

[0106] The connector 550 has at least a portion of its structure embedded in the first sliding part 541 and can slide along it, while another portion of its structure is embedded in the second sliding part 521 and can slide along it. That is, during the movement, the connector 550 moves radially with the drive member 540 and circumferentially with the drive disk 520. Its trajectory is a composite motion path formed by the joint constraint of the two sliding pairs.

[0107] When the drive shaft 510 starts to rotate, the drive member 540 drives the connector 550 to move along the arc-shaped second sliding part 521 of the drive disk 520, and under the constraint of the second sliding part 521, it also moves along the first sliding part 541 toward the drive shaft 510. The connector 550 then pulls the first energy storage member 531 to deform and store energy.

[0108] Just as the connector 550 slides to the end of the second sliding part 521, the first energy storage member 531 is in the "dead point" position, that is, it is about to convert from energy storage to energy release. At this time, the drive member 540 continues to rotate under the drive of the drive shaft 510. The connector 550 on it is driven by the drive force of the drive member 540 and begins to drive the drive disk 520 toward the closing or opening position. On the other hand, since the first energy storage member 531 begins to release energy, it also receives the force of the first energy storage member 531 to drive the drive disk 520 toward the closing or opening position, thereby effectively improving the response speed of the drive disk 520.

[0109] Furthermore, the energy storage component 530 also includes a second energy storage element 532, one end of which is connected to the mounting housing 100, and the other end is movably connected to the connecting bearing 525 of the drive disk 520.

[0110] It is worth mentioning that the connection position between the second energy storage component 532 and the drive disk 520 is located in the middle of the second sliding part 521, and is located on the side of the second sliding part 521 away from the rotation center of the drive disk 520.

[0111] When the drive shaft 510 drives the drive component 540 to move, the drive component 540 drives the first energy storage component 531 to store energy, and when the first energy storage component 531 releases energy, it together with the first energy storage component 531 drives the drive disk 520 to move, so that while driving the drive disk 520 to move, it also drives the second energy storage component 532 to store energy, so that during or after the release of energy by the first energy storage component 531, the second energy storage component 532 releases energy, so as to continue to drive the drive disk 520 to move to the closed position or the open position.

[0112] Specifically, when the drive shaft 510 starts to rotate, the drive component 540 first drives the first energy storage component 531 to store energy. Then, the drive disk 520 starts to move in conjunction with the drive shaft 510 during the release of energy from the first energy storage component 531. As the drive disk 520 continues to rotate, the connection point on it used to connect the second energy storage component 532 moves accordingly, causing the second energy storage component 532 to be gradually stretched to accumulate elastic potential energy. Therefore, the energy storage process of the second energy storage component 532 is carried out synchronously during the same time period as the release of energy from the first energy storage component 531. That is, while the first energy storage component 531 releases energy to drive the drive disk 520, the movement of the drive disk 520 itself loads the second energy storage component 532, forming a "use and store" mechanism for energy.

[0113] Therefore, during or immediately after the energy release process of the first energy storage component 531, the energy stored in the second energy storage component 532 immediately enters the release phase. Since the second energy storage component 532 acts directly on the drive disk 520 body, the thrust or pull generated by its energy release does not need to pass through intermediate links such as the drive component 540 and the connecting component 550, but is directly converted into the angular acceleration of the drive disk 520 through the shortest path, which is used to make up for the power gap after the attenuation of the first energy storage component 531.

[0114] Especially in the last few degrees of rotation of the drive plate 520 when it is close to the closed or open position, the contacts are about to contact or have already left the arc zone. At this time, the system damping changes abruptly, and it is often difficult to ensure the rigidity of the position by relying solely on the residual force of the first energy storage device 531 or the torque maintained by the drive shaft 510. However, the second energy storage device 532 releases energy in this process, and the instantaneously enhanced torque ensures that the drive plate 520 can reliably reach and stably stay at the target position.

[0115] It is worth mentioning that the mounting housing 100 is provided with a connecting post 150, and the first energy storage component 531 and the second energy storage component 532 are both movably connected to the connecting post 150. The rotation centers of the drive shaft 510, the drive disk 520 and the connecting post 150 are located on the same straight line.

[0116] Since the centers of the drive shaft 510, drive disk 520, and connecting column 150 are collinear, the deformation start point, maximum point, and energy release inflection point of the two energy storage components have a definite phase relationship in space. This ensures that after the first energy storage component 531 releases energy to push the drive disk 520 over the middle section resistance, the second energy storage component 532 can take over and output power, achieving seamless connection of power supply.

[0117] It is worth mentioning that the elastic deformation capacity of the second energy storage device 532 is less than that of the first energy storage device 531.

[0118] It is also worth mentioning that the rotation center of the drive disk 520 is provided with a connecting part 522, which is used to connect with the contact shaft 320 of the contact module.

[0119] Furthermore, the mounting housing 100 is provided with a first limiting part 160, and the drive disk 520 is provided with a second limiting part 523. When the drive disk 520 moves to the closed position or the open position, the first limiting part 160 and the second limiting part 523 abut against each other.

[0120] In this embodiment, the first limiting part 160 is directly formed on the inner wall or bracket of the mounting housing 100, and the second limiting part 523 is correspondingly disposed on the back of the drive disk 520 body. Its shape is adapted to the first limiting part 160. One of the first limiting part 160 and the second limiting part 523 is a protruding column structure, and the other is an arc-shaped groove or hole structure with the drive disk 520 as the center.

[0121] When the drive disc 520 rotates toward the closed position under the combined action of the drive shaft 510 and the energy storage component 530, its second limiting part 523 rotates with the disc until it reaches a point of surface contact or engagement with the first limiting part 160 on the mounting housing 100. At this point, the drive disc 520 can no longer rotate in its original direction, and the entire movement is forcibly terminated at the angle corresponding to the closed position. Similarly, when the drive disc 520 moves in the opposite direction to the open position, another set or the same set of limiting structures will also be triggered to engage, thereby locking the open position.

[0122] Furthermore, the number of drive disks 520, energy storage components 530 and contact mechanisms 310 are all at least two. At least two drive disks 520, at least two energy storage components 530 and at least two contact mechanisms 310 are arranged symmetrically about the drive shaft 510. The drive shaft 510 is used to drive the two drive disks 520 to move synchronously and drive the at least two energy storage components 530 to store and release energy in sequence, thereby driving the at least two contact mechanisms 310 to close or open synchronously.

[0123] When the drive shaft 510 rotates, driving the drive component 540 to move, the two drive components 540 simultaneously pull their respective energy storage components 530, causing them to undergo equal deformation and accumulate equal elastic potential energy. Subsequently, at least two energy storage components 530 also release energy synchronously at the same phase point, applying the stored energy to at least two drive disks 520 in a rectangular pattern with opposite directions but equal magnitudes. Since the two drive disks 520 are symmetrically distributed, these two opposing torques form a pair of balanced force couples on the drive shaft 510, which effectively drives each drive disk 520 to complete the closing or opening stroke, without superimposing net torque disturbance on the drive shaft 510, thereby avoiding problems such as shaft bending, bearing wear, or housing vibration.

[0124] It is worth mentioning that the mechanical switch module 300 includes a contact shaft 320 and at least two stacked contact mechanisms 310. Each contact mechanism 310 includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The moving contact of each contact mechanism 310 is connected to the contact shaft 320, and the contact shaft 320 is connected to the drive disk 520. In addition, one of the stationary contacts in each contact mechanism 310 is connected to the first input terminal 210 or the second input terminal 230, and the other stationary contact is connected to the corresponding solid-state switch module 400.

[0125] It is worth mentioning that the operation module 600, drive module 500, mechanical switch module 300 and solid-state switch module 400 are stacked in sequence, which makes the overall structure of the circuit breaker 10 compact, thereby improving its integration level and reducing the overall volume occupied, so as to meet the design requirements of miniaturized circuit breaker 10.

[0126] In addition, at least two mechanical switch modules 300 are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction, and at least two mechanical switch modules 300 are stacked in a one-to-one correspondence with at least two solid-state switch modules 400.

[0127] Therefore, the above layout method can achieve both physical isolation and synchronous control of the positive and negative circuits without increasing the overall thickness, and also form a compact, low-inductance, and high-reliability electrical interface between the mechanical switch module 300 and the solid-state switch module 400, thereby improving the structural compactness and reliability of the circuit breaker 10.

[0128] Furthermore, the heat dissipation module 700 includes a heat sink 710 and an airflow component, with the solid-state switch module 400 attached to the heat sink 710 and the airflow component disposed on one side of the heat sink 710.

[0129] In this embodiment, the solid-state switch module 400 is tightly attached to the surface of the heat sink 710 by means of thermally conductive adhesive, thermally conductive pad, or mechanical pressing, thereby forming a physical contact path with low thermal resistance. This allows the heat generated by the conduction loss and switching loss of the semiconductor device during the switching process of the solid-state switch module 400 to be efficiently conducted to the heat sink 710 body. The airflow component is arranged on one side of the heat sink 710 to force airflow across the surface of the heat sink 710 and continuously remove the accumulated heat through convection heat transfer.

[0130] In addition, the base 140 is provided with a connected heat dissipation cavity and a mounting groove. The heat dissipation component 710 is provided in the heat dissipation cavity, and the airflow component is provided in the mounting groove. The heat dissipation module 700 also includes a grille component, which covers the airflow component to provide physical protection, prevent foreign object intrusion, and guide the airflow direction. It is provided with evenly distributed ventilation holes or strip grids to ensure smooth airflow and meet electrical safety and mechanical protection requirements.

[0131] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a circuit breaker 10, wherein a first incoming terminal 210, a mechanical switch module 300, a solid-state switch module 400, and a first outgoing terminal 220 are connected in series to form a positive circuit, and a second incoming terminal 230, another mechanical switch module 300, another solid-state switch module 400, and a second outgoing terminal 240 are connected in series to form a negative circuit. Thus, the on / off state of the positive circuit and the negative circuit can be controlled by at least two mechanical switch modules 300 and at least two solid-state switch modules 400 respectively. This retains the large opening-distance isolation advantage of mechanical switches and integrates the microsecond-level response and arc-free breaking characteristics of solid-state switches, thereby possessing both reliable isolation capability and high-speed protection capability, meeting the requirements of power systems for safe disconnection and rapid disconnection, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the circuit breaker 10.

[0132] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker (10), characterized in that, include; The terminal block (200) includes a first inlet terminal (210), a first outlet terminal (220), a second inlet terminal (230), and a second outlet terminal (240). At least two mechanical switch modules (300) and at least two solid-state switch modules (400) are connected respectively, and one of them is connected in series at the first input terminal (210) and the first output terminal (220) to form a positive circuit, and the other is connected in series at the second input terminal (230) and the second output terminal (240) to form a negative circuit; A drive module (500) is connected to at least two mechanical switch modules (300) for driving at least two mechanical switch modules (300) to synchronously close or open, so as to synchronously conduct or disconnect the positive or negative circuit.

2. The circuit breaker (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit breaker (10) also includes a mounting housing (100); The drive module (500) includes a drive shaft (510), a drive disk (520), and an energy storage component (530). One end of the drive shaft (510) is used to connect to a handle or drive mechanism, and the other end is movably disposed in the mounting housing (100). The drive disk (520) is movably disposed on the mounting housing (100). The drive disk (520) is drivenly connected to the drive shaft (510) and is used to drively connect to the contact shaft (320) of the contact mechanism (310) so as to drive the contact shaft (320) to move under the drive of the drive shaft (510) so as to close or open the contact mechanism (310). The energy storage component (530) is disposed on the mounting housing (100) and acts on the drive disk (520). During the process of the drive shaft (510) driving the drive disk (520) to move toward the closed position or the open position, the drive shaft (510) also drives the energy storage component (530) to store and release energy in sequence, so as to jointly drive the drive disk (520) to move to the closed position or the open position together with the energy storage component (530).

3. The circuit breaker (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive module (500) further includes a drive member (540), which is disposed on the drive shaft (510) and extends radially along the drive shaft (510). The drive member (540) is movably connected to the drive disk (520). The energy storage component (530) includes a first energy storage element (531), one end of which is connected to the mounting housing (100), and the other end is movably connected to the drive element (540); When the drive shaft (510) drives the drive member (540) to move, the drive member (540) drives the first energy storage member (531) to store energy, and when the first energy storage member (531) releases energy, it together with the first energy storage member (531) drives the drive disk (520) to move, so as to drive the contact mechanism (310) to close or open.

4. The circuit breaker (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive module (500) further includes a connector (550). The drive component (540) is provided with a first sliding portion (541) which extends radially along the drive shaft (510). The drive disk (520) is provided with a second sliding portion (521) which extends circumferentially around the rotation center of the drive disk (520). At least a portion of the structure of the connector (550) is slidably disposed on the first sliding portion (541), and at least another portion of the structure is slidably disposed on the second sliding portion (521). The first energy storage component (531) is movably connected to the connector (550).

5. The circuit breaker (10) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The energy storage component (530) further includes a second energy storage element (532), one end of which is connected to the mounting housing (100), and the other end is movably connected to the drive disk (520); When the drive shaft (510) drives the drive member (540) to move, the drive member (540) drives the first energy storage member (531) to store energy, and when the first energy storage member (531) releases energy, it together with the first energy storage member (531) drives the drive disk (520) to move, so that while driving the drive disk (520) to move, it also drives the second energy storage member (532) to store energy, so that during the release of energy by the first energy storage member (531) or after the release of energy, the second energy storage member (532) releases energy, so as to continue to drive the drive disk (520) to move to the closed position or the open position.

6. The circuit breaker (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mechanical switch module (300) includes a contact shaft (320) and at least two stacked contact mechanisms (310). Each contact mechanism (310) includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The moving contact of each contact mechanism (310) is connected to the contact shaft (320). The contact shaft (320) is connected to the drive disk (520). One of the stationary contacts in each contact mechanism (310) is connected to the first input terminal (210) or the second input terminal (230), and the other stationary contact is connected to the corresponding solid-state switch module (400).

7. The circuit breaker (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circuit breaker (10) also includes a face cover (110) and an operation module (600), the operation module (600) including an operation component (611), a switching component (612) and a padlock component (621). The operating component (611) is movably disposed on the face cover (110), the switching component (612) is movably disposed on the face cover (110) and is connected to the operating component (611) in a transmission manner, and the padlock component (621) is movably disposed on the switching component (612). The operating element (611) is used to drive the switching element (612) to a first state, a second state, or a third state. In the first state, the switching element (612) exposes the drive shaft (510) so that the drive shaft (510) can be driven by the handle. In the second state, the switching element (612) triggers the drive mechanism so that the drive shaft (510) can be driven by the drive mechanism. In the third state, the switching element (612) drives the padlock (621) to a padlock position so that the padlock (621) can lock to restrict the movement of the switching element (612).

8. The circuit breaker (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The operation module (600), the drive module (500), the mechanical switch module (300), and the solid-state switch module (400) are stacked sequentially.

9. The circuit breaker (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least two of the mechanical switch modules (300) are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction, and at least two of the mechanical switch modules (300) are stacked in a one-to-one correspondence with at least two of the solid-state switch modules (400).

10. The circuit breaker (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit breaker (10) further includes a sensor (250) disposed at at least one of the first input terminal (210) and the second input terminal (230), the sensor (250) being used to acquire current and / or voltage signals.

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