High-speed strong magnetic force magnetic control column on switch structure

Abstract

This invention proposes a high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetically controlled column-mounted switch structure, comprising a frame, a magnetically controlled execution module, an isolation module, and a switching module. The magnetically controlled execution module is located inside the frame and includes a first main shaft, a magnetically controlled unit, and a vacuum interrupter. The magnetically controlled unit is connected to the vacuum interrupter via the first main shaft. When the first main shaft rotates in the closing direction, the magnetically controlled unit generates a high-speed, high-magnetic force to directly drive the vacuum interrupter to complete the closing operation. When the first main shaft rotates in the opening direction, the magnetically controlled unit disconnects, and the vacuum interrupter completes the opening operation. The isolation module is located outside the frame and connected to the magnetically controlled execution module, and is equipped with a second main shaft. The switching module is located outside the frame, connected to the magnetically controlled execution module via the first main shaft, and connected to the isolation module via the second main shaft. This solution utilizes the high-speed, high-magnetic-force linear motion generated by the magnetically controlled unit, which is synchronously transmitted to the vacuum interrupter via the first main shaft, achieving rapid response and synchronous drive for opening and closing, simplifying the transmission chain, and improving the circuit breaker's breaking speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vacuum circuit breaker technology, and in particular to a high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetically controlled column-mounted switch structure. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum pole-mounted circuit breakers are widely used high-voltage switchgear in power distribution networks. Most existing vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker internal switching modules employ spring-operated mechanisms. To achieve closing and opening actions, spring-operated mechanisms or traditional permanent magnet operating mechanisms typically require multiple intermediate transmission components such as energy storage springs, cams, connecting rods, crank arms, and insulating pull rods. These components convert the rotational or complex linear motion of the mechanism into linear motion of the moving end of the vacuum interrupter. This results in a large number of internal parts and complex assembly processes, increasing not only the overall size and weight of the device but also manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetically controlled column-mounted switch structure, which directly generates high-speed, high-magnetic-force linear motion through a magnetic control unit and transmits it directly to three vacuum interrupters through a first main shaft, thereby achieving rapid response and synchronous drive for opening and closing actions, simplifying the transmission chain, and improving the circuit breaker's breaking speed and mechanical reliability.

[0004] This invention provides a high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetically controlled column-mounted switch structure, including a frame, a magnetically controlled execution module, an isolation module, and a switch module. The magnetically controlled execution module is disposed inside the frame and includes a first spindle, a magnetically controlled unit, and three vacuum interrupters. The magnetically controlled unit is connected to the first spindle and the three vacuum interrupters respectively. The first spindle is used to drive the magnetically controlled unit to turn on and off. When the first spindle rotates in the closing direction, the magnetically controlled unit is turned on and generates a high-speed, high-magnetic force to drive the vacuum interrupters to complete the closing operation. When the first spindle rotates in the opening direction, the magnetically controlled unit is turned off, and the vacuum interrupters rely on a reset force to complete the opening operation. The isolation module is located outside the frame and connected to the magnetically controlled actuator module; the isolation module is equipped with a second spindle. The switch module is located outside the frame. The switch module is connected to the magnetic control actuation module via the first spindle, and the switch module is connected to the isolation module via the second spindle.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present invention, the isolation module includes an isolation mechanism corresponding to the three vacuum interrupters, an isolation left side plate, an isolation right side plate, and a crossbeam. One side of the crossbeam is connected to one side of the isolation left side plate, and the other side of the crossbeam is connected to the isolation right side plate. The other sides of both the isolation left side plate and the isolation right side plate are connected to the frame. The three isolation mechanisms are disposed on the upper part of the crossbeam and connected to the vacuum interrupters and the magnetically controlled execution module. The second main shaft passes through the isolation left side plate and the isolation right side plate and is respectively connected to the isolation mechanism and the switch module.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, each of the isolation mechanisms includes an insulating support, a stationary knife seat, a moving knife seat, an isolation blade, a first insulating tie rod, a first isolation crank plate, and a current transformer. One end of the insulating support is connected to the crossbeam, and the other end of the insulating support is connected to one end of the stationary knife seat. The other end of the stationary knife seat is connected to one end of the isolation blade, and the other end of the isolation blade is connected to one end of the moving knife seat. The other end of the moving knife seat is connected to one end of the current transformer, and the other end of the current transformer is connected to the vacuum interrupter via a conductive rod. The middle part of the isolation blade is connected to one end of the first insulating tie rod, and the other end of the first insulating tie rod is connected to one end of the first isolation crank plate. The other end of the first isolation crank plate is connected to the second main shaft.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, a guide mechanism is provided between the isolation left side plate and the isolation right side plate and the isolation mechanism. The guide mechanism includes a second isolation crank arm plate, a crank arm pin, a transmission fixing member, a transmission rod, an isolation guide sleeve, and an isolation opening spring. One end of the second isolation crank arm plate is sleeved outside the second main shaft, and the other end of the second isolation crank arm plate is connected to one end of the transmission fixing member through the crank arm pin. The other end of the transmission fixing member is connected to one end of the transmission rod. The outer side of the isolation guide sleeve is sleeved outside the other end of the transmission rod and is connected to the isolation left side plate or the isolation right side plate. The isolation opening spring is disposed between the transmission fixing member and the isolation guide sleeve and is sleeved outside the transmission rod.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vacuum interrupter is provided with an inlet side, an outlet side, a flexible connection, a second insulating rod, an overtravel spring, and a voltage sensor. The voltage sensor is connected to the inlet side, the outlet side is connected to the first end of the flexible connection, the second end of the flexible connection is connected to the current transformer, the third end of the flexible connection is connected to one end of the second insulating rod, the other end of the second insulating rod is connected to the frame, and the overtravel spring is disposed between the other end of the second insulating rod and the frame.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the magnetic control unit includes a closing electromagnet, an overcurrent electromagnet, a limit switch, and three magnetic control switches. The first main shaft is electrically connected to the closing electromagnet via the limit switch. Both the closing electromagnet and the overcurrent electromagnet are connected to the magnetic control switches. The closing electromagnet is used to drive the limit switch to open or close according to the rotation direction of the first main shaft, and control the closing state of the magnetic control switches to adjust the closing state of the vacuum interrupter. The overcurrent electromagnet is used to directly control the closing electromagnet to perform a tripping operation when an overcurrent is detected in the main circuit.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the magnetically controlled switch includes a stationary iron core and a moving iron core. The initial polarity of the stationary iron core and the moving iron core is the same. When the first main shaft rotates in the closing direction, the opening and closing electromagnet is turned on, energizing the moving iron core and changing its polarity. The moving iron core and the stationary iron core have opposite polarities and attract each other, so as to close the corresponding vacuum interrupter. When the first main shaft rotates in the opening direction, the opening and closing electromagnet is turned off, the moving iron core is de-energized and restores its initial polarity, and separates from the stationary iron core with the same polarity, so as to open the corresponding vacuum interrupter. The magnetic flux ratio of the stationary iron core and the moving iron core is 1:1.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the switch module includes an isolation handle, a third isolation crank plate, a chain crank pin, a chain rod, a sleeve plate, a first main shaft guide pin, and a first main shaft guide sleeve. The isolation handle is connected to the first main shaft. One side of the third isolation crank plate is sleeved outside the first main shaft. The other end of the third isolation crank plate is connected to one end of the chain rod through the chain crank pin. The other end of the chain rod is connected to one end of the sleeve plate. The other end of the sleeve plate is connected to the first main shaft guide sleeve through the first main shaft guide pin. The first main shaft guide sleeve is sleeved outside the first main shaft.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, an integrated insulating sleeve is provided on the outside of the vacuum interrupter.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rack is further provided with an opening and closing display module, which is connected to the magnetic control execution module and is used to display the opening and closing status of the magnetic control execution module.

[0014] The high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetically controlled post-switch structure according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This embodiment incorporates a magnetic control unit, directly driven by a first main shaft to switch on and off. When the first main shaft rotates in the closing direction, the magnetic control unit instantly generates a high-speed, strong magnetic force, directly driving the three vacuum interrupters to synchronously complete the closing operation. When the first main shaft rotates in the opening direction, the magnetic control unit disconnects, and the vacuum interrupters quickly open using the reset force. This structure eliminates the complex intermediate transmission components such as connecting rods, cams, and energy storage springs found in traditional spring operating mechanisms or permanent magnet mechanisms, greatly simplifying the transmission chain. This not only reduces the number of parts and assembly steps, lowering the overall size and manufacturing cost, but also significantly improves the response speed and three-phase synchronization of the opening and closing actions, thereby enhancing the circuit breaker's breaking speed and mechanical reliability.

[0015] Furthermore, this embodiment achieves orderly linkage between the first and second main shafts and the internal magnetically controlled actuator module. On the one hand, it realizes physical isolation between the high-voltage isolation section and the magnetically controlled actuator, improving insulation safety and facilitating visual inspection of the isolation break by operators; on the other hand, the switch module can separately control the opening and closing operations of the magnetically controlled actuator module and the isolation operation of the isolation module. An interlocking mechanism can be set between the two to ensure that the isolation module can only be operated in the open state, which meets the five-proof safety requirements of high-voltage switchgear and effectively avoids the risk of opening and closing the disconnect switch under load. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetic control column switch structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic control unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum interrupter provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0020] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides a high-speed, high-force magnetically controlled switch, including a frame 100, a magnetically controlled execution module 200, an isolation module 300, and a switch module 400. The magnetically controlled execution module 200 is disposed inside the frame 100 and includes a first spindle 210, a magnetically controlled unit 220, and three vacuum interrupters 230. The magnetically controlled unit 220 is connected to the first spindle 210 and the three vacuum interrupters 230 respectively. The first spindle 210 is used to drive the magnetically controlled unit 220 to conduct and disconnect. When the first spindle 210 rotates in the closing direction, the magnetically controlled unit 220 conducts and generates... A high-speed, strong magnetic force is generated to drive the vacuum interrupter 230 to complete the closing operation. When the first main shaft 210 rotates in the opening direction, the magnetic control unit 220 is disconnected, and the vacuum interrupter 230 completes the opening operation by relying on the reset force. The isolation module 300 is located outside the frame 100 and connected to the magnetic control execution module 200. The isolation module 300 is equipped with a second main shaft 360. The switch module 400 is located outside the frame 100. The switch module 400 is connected to the magnetic control execution module 200 through the first main shaft 210 and to the isolation module 300 through the second main shaft 360.

[0022] It should be noted that the frame 100 serves as the supporting skeleton for the entire switch, internally housing the magnetic control execution module 200, and externally installing the isolation module 300 and the switch module 400. These modules work together to achieve circuit switching control and safety isolation. Specifically, the magnetic control execution module 200 includes a first main shaft 210, a magnetic control unit 220, and three vacuum interrupters 230. The first main shaft 210 is a drive shaft, and the magnetic control unit 220 is connected to both the first main shaft 210 and the three vacuum interrupters 230. The rotation direction of the first main shaft 210 directly determines the closed or open state of the three vacuum interrupters 230. When the first main shaft 210 rotates in the closing direction, the magnetic control unit 220 is triggered and conducts, instantly generating a high-speed strong magnetic force, which drives the moving contacts in the three vacuum interrupters 230 to close synchronously and quickly, completing the closing operation and making the circuit conduction. When the first main shaft 210 rotates in the opening direction, the magnetic control unit 220 is disconnected, the magnetic field disappears, and the contacts in the vacuum interrupters 230 quickly separate due to the reset force provided by the repulsive force of the magnetic control unit 220, completing the opening operation and cutting off the circuit.

[0023] Furthermore, the isolation module 300 is located outside the frame 100 and is connected to the magnetically controlled actuator module 200 via a mechanical linkage structure. The isolation module 300 is equipped with an independent second spindle 360 ​​for driving isolation components such as the isolating switch. After a tripping operation, operating the second spindle 360 ​​activates the isolation module 300, achieving physical isolation between the main circuit contacts and the power supply side, thus ensuring the safety of maintenance personnel. An interlocking mechanism exists between the isolation module 300 and the magnetically controlled actuator module 200, ensuring that the isolation module 300 can only be operated when the magnetically controlled actuator module 200 is in the tripped state, preventing tripping under load. The switch module 400 is located outside the frame 100 and is connected to the magnetic control execution module 200 via the first spindle 210. It receives external closing or opening commands and transmits torque to the first spindle 210. Simultaneously, the switch module 400 is connected to the isolation module 300 via the second spindle 360, allowing independent operation of the isolation module 300. This enables sequential switching and isolation operations, achieving both rapid on / off control and meeting the stringent safety isolation requirements of high-voltage electrical equipment. Furthermore, this embodiment directly drives the vacuum interrupter 230 using the high-speed, strong magnetic force generated by the magnetic control unit 220, avoiding the complex linkage transmission of traditional operating mechanisms, significantly reducing action delay, and achieving rapid closing and opening in microseconds to milliseconds. This is particularly suitable for applications requiring rapid interruption of fault current.

[0024] Reference Figure 3The isolation module 300 includes an isolation mechanism 310 corresponding to the three vacuum interrupters 230, an isolation left side plate 320, an isolation right side plate 330, and a crossbeam 340. One side of the crossbeam 340 is connected to one side of the isolation left side plate 320, and the other side of the crossbeam 340 is connected to the isolation right side plate 330. The other sides of the isolation left side plate 320 and the isolation right side plate 330 are both connected to the frame 100. The three isolation mechanisms 310 are disposed on the upper part of the crossbeam 340 and are connected to the vacuum interrupters 230 and the execution module. The second main shaft 360 passes through the isolation left side plate 320 and the isolation right side plate 330 and is connected to the isolation mechanism 310 and the execution module respectively.

[0025] It should be noted that the isolation module 300 is located outside the frame 100. The main body of the isolation module 300 consists of a stable frame structure formed by the isolation left side plate 320, the isolation right side plate 330, and the crossbeam 340. Specifically, the other side of the isolation left side plate 320 and the isolation right side plate 330 (i.e., the side away from the crossbeam 340) is connected to the frame 100, thereby fixing the entire isolation module 300 to the external side of the frame 100. Three independent isolation mechanisms 310 are provided on the upper part of the crossbeam 340 (i.e., the side facing away from the frame 100 or the side facing the vacuum interrupter 230), each corresponding to one of the three vacuum interrupters 230. Each isolation mechanism 310 is also connected to the magnetic control actuator 200 to achieve electrical switching. The second main shaft 360 passes horizontally through the isolation left side plate 320 and the isolation right side plate 330 and is supported by guide holes on both side plates. The second spindle 360 ​​is connected to the three isolation mechanisms 310 and the execution module. When it is necessary to operate the isolating switch, the second spindle 360 ​​is driven to rotate through the switch module 400. The second spindle 360 ​​drives the moving knife holders 313 or insulating pull rods of the three isolation mechanisms 310 simultaneously through the crank arms, connecting rods and other transmission components on it, thereby realizing the synchronous closing or opening operation of the three isolating switches.

[0026] Furthermore, this embodiment achieves physical isolation between the high-voltage isolation section and the magnetically controlled actuator by placing the isolation module 300 outside the frame 100 and the vacuum interrupter 230 and the magnetically controlled actuator 200 inside the frame 100. On the one hand, the visible break formed after the isolating switch is opened is exposed outside the frame 100, facilitating visual inspection by operators; on the other hand, external installation is beneficial for heat dissipation of the isolation module 300 and reduces temperature rise. Simultaneously, the three isolation mechanisms 310 are arranged on the upper part of the crossbeam 340, offset from the internal space of the frame 100 below, increasing the insulation distance between phases and to ground of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0027] Reference Figure 4Each isolation mechanism 310 includes an insulating support 311, a stationary knife holder 312, a moving knife holder 313, an isolation blade 314, a first insulating tie rod 315, a first isolation crank plate 316, and a current transformer 317. One end of the insulating support 311 is connected to the crossbeam 340, and the other end of the insulating support 311 is connected to one end of the stationary knife holder 312. The other end of the stationary knife holder 312 is connected to one end of the isolation blade 314, and the other end of the isolation blade 314 is connected to one end of the moving knife holder 313. The other end of the moving knife holder 313 is connected to one end of the current transformer 317. The other end of the current transformer 317 is connected to the vacuum interrupter 230 via a conductive rod. The middle part of the isolation blade 314 is connected to one end of the first insulating tie rod 315, and the other end of the first insulating tie rod 315 is connected to one end of the first isolation crank plate 316. The other end of the first isolation crank plate 316 is connected to the second main shaft 360.

[0028] It should be noted that when the second main shaft 360 is driven to rotate by an external force, the first isolation crank plate 316 rotates accordingly. The first isolation crank plate pulls the first insulating rod 315 to make linear motion. The first insulating rod 315 then pushes and pulls the middle part of the isolation blade 314. Since one end of the isolation blade 314 is connected to the stationary knife seat 312, when the middle part is stretched or compressed, the isolation blade 314 will rotate around the hinge point on the stationary knife seat 312, so that the other end of the isolation blade 314 contacts or separates from the stationary knife seat 312, realizing the closing or opening operation of the isolation blade. The current transformer 317 detects the current passing through the main circuit in real time and provides overcurrent, instantaneous trip and other protection signals to the control unit.

[0029] Furthermore, in this embodiment, by directly connecting the current transformer 317 in series between the moving blade holder 313 and the conductive rod, the isolation mechanism 310 can perform its switching function without requiring additional installation space for the independent current transformer 317 or connecting conductors. This not only shortens the length of the main circuit, reduces circuit resistance and heat generation, but also reduces wiring points and improves conductivity reliability. In addition, the insulating support 311 supports the entire isolation mechanism 310 (stationary blade holder 312, blades, etc.) on the crossbeam 340, ensuring sufficient insulation distance between the high-voltage live parts and the grounded frame 100 and the crossbeam 340.

[0030] Those skilled in the art will understand that in this embodiment, the current transformer 317 and the vacuum interrupter 230 are connected by a conductive rod, rather than by a direct rigid connection. The conductive rod can be bent or its length adjusted according to actual assembly needs, thereby compensating for machining errors and allowing the vacuum interrupter 230 to be arranged in a more optimized position within the frame 100 without strictly aligning it with the isolation mechanism 310, thus improving the overall assembly tolerance.

[0031] Reference Figure 3A guide mechanism 350 is provided between the isolation left side plate 320 and the isolation right side plate 330 and the isolation mechanism 310. The guide mechanism 350 includes a second isolation crank arm plate 351, a crank arm pin 352, a transmission fixing member 353, a transmission rod 354, an isolation guide sleeve 355, and an isolation opening spring 356. One end of the second isolation crank arm plate 351 is sleeved outside the second main shaft 360. The other end of the second isolation crank arm plate 351 is connected to one end of the transmission fixing member 353 through the crank arm pin 352. The other end of the transmission fixing member 353 is connected to one end of the transmission rod 354. The outside of the isolation guide sleeve 355 is sleeved outside the other end of the transmission rod 354 and is connected to the isolation left side plate 320 or the isolation right side plate 330. The isolation opening spring 356 is disposed between the transmission fixing member 353 and the isolation guide sleeve 355 and is sleeved outside the transmission rod 354.

[0032] It should be noted that when the second main shaft 360 rotates to perform a closing operation, the second isolating crank arm plate 351 rotates accordingly, pushing the transmission fixing component 353 and the transmission rod 354 away from the isolating guide sleeve 355 via the crank arm pin 352. At this time, the isolating opening spring 356 is further compressed, storing elastic potential energy. Simultaneously, the other end of the transmission rod 354 is linked to the first insulating pull rod 315 through the isolating guide sleeve 355, driving the isolating blade 314 to move in the closing direction. When it is necessary to open the circuit, the second main shaft 360 rotates in the opposite direction, and the second isolating crank arm plate 351 returns to its original position. At this time, the compressed isolating opening spring 356 releases energy, pushing the transmission fixing component 353 and the transmission rod 354 to move in the opposite direction, thereby assisting the isolating blade 314 to quickly open the circuit and maintain the stability of the open position.

[0033] Furthermore, the isolation guide sleeve 355 is fixed to the side plate, and its inner hole is precisely matched with the transmission rod 354, providing the transmission rod 354 with a unique linear motion trajectory. This effectively limits the radial swing and axial deviation of the transmission rod 354, ensuring that the rotational motion transmitted by the second isolation crank plate 351 is accurately converted into linear motion, thereby driving the isolation blade 314 to open and close smoothly. This avoids jamming, poor contact, or operational sticking of the isolation blade 314 due to the sway of the transmission rod 354. In addition, since the magnetic control execution module 200 of this embodiment has high-speed and strong magnetic force characteristics, the opening and closing speed of the vacuum interrupter 230 is very fast. Although the isolation module 300 does not require the same speed, it still needs to have a fast response capability to avoid becoming a bottleneck in the entire switch operation. Therefore, the isolation opening spring 356 in the guide mechanism 350 can significantly improve the opening speed of the isolation switch, making it match the overall fast operation characteristics of the high-speed magnetic control switch 224, ensuring that the isolation operation does not slow down the overall response time of the machine.

[0034] Reference Figure 5The vacuum interrupter 230 is provided with an inlet side 231, an outlet side 232, a flexible connection 233, a second insulating pull rod 234, an overtravel spring, and a voltage sensor. The voltage sensor is connected to the inlet side 231, the outlet side 232 is connected to the first end of the flexible connection 233, the second end of the flexible connection 233 is connected to the current transformer 317, the third end of the flexible connection 233 is connected to one end of the second insulating pull rod 234, the other end of the insulating pull rod is connected to the frame 100, and the overtravel spring is located between the other end of the second insulating pull rod 234 and the frame 100.

[0035] It should be noted that during closing, the first main shaft 210 pushes the moving conductive rod of the vacuum interrupter 230 towards the stationary contact. After the contact is made, the first main shaft 210 continues to move a short distance, compressing the overtravel spring to generate preload and ensure final contact pressure. During opening, the first main shaft 210 moves in the opposite direction, the overtravel spring releases its stored energy, assisting the moving contact to rebound quickly and increasing the initial opening speed. Throughout the entire process, the flexible connection 233 provides a flexible conductive connection, allowing the moving conductive rod and the insulating pull rod to move freely in the axial direction without generating additional reaction force. The voltage sensor monitors the voltage on the incoming line side 231 in real time, providing a voltage signal to the control unit for functions such as determining whether the circuit is energized, synchronizing closing, and undervoltage protection.

[0036] Specifically, the moving contact of the vacuum interrupter 230 needs to move linearly during opening and closing, while the outgoing line side 232 is usually fixedly connected. A flexible connection 233 connects the outgoing line side 232 to an external conductive rod (leading to the current transformer 317), ensuring that the movement of the moving contact is not restricted by a rigid conductor, significantly reducing the additional resistance that the operating mechanism needs to overcome. Simultaneously, the flexibility of the flexible connection 233 itself can absorb installation errors and thermal expansion and contraction deformation, preventing breakage at the connection due to long-term vibration or temperature changes. Furthermore, the second end of the flexible connection 233 connects to the current transformer 317, and the third end connects to the second insulating pull rod 234. This Y-shaped forked connection method ensures the continuity of the main circuit and provides a driving point for the second insulating pull rod 234, resulting in a compact structure.

[0037] The magnetic control unit 220 includes a closing electromagnet 221, an overcurrent electromagnet 222, a limit switch 223, and three magnetic control switches 224. The first main shaft 210 is electrically connected to the closing electromagnet 221 via the limit switch 223. The closing electromagnet 221 and the overcurrent electromagnet 222 are both connected to the magnetic control switches 224. The closing electromagnet 221 is used to drive the limit switch 223 to open or close according to the rotation direction of the first main shaft 210, and control the magnetic control switch 224 to adjust the closing state of the vacuum interrupter 230. The overcurrent electromagnet 222 is used to directly control the closing electromagnet 221 to perform the opening operation when an overcurrent in the main circuit is detected.

[0038] It should be noted that the first main shaft 210 is electrically connected to the closing and opening electromagnet 221 via the limit switch 223. Simultaneously, both the closing and opening electromagnet 221 and the overcurrent electromagnet 222 are connected to the control terminals of the three magnetic switches 224. During normal closing operation, when the first main shaft 210 rotates in the closing direction, it triggers the limit switch 223 to close, thereby connecting the power supply to the closing and opening electromagnet 221. The energized closing and opening electromagnet 221 generates attraction, driving the three magnetic switches 224 to operate, causing the magnetic switches 224 to quickly close, allowing the moving contact in the arc-extinguishing chamber to complete the closing under high-speed, strong magnetic force. When the first main shaft 210 rotates in the opening direction, the limit switch 223 is opened, the closing and opening electromagnet 221 is de-energized, and the magnetic switches 224 open due to internal repulsive force, allowing the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 230 to complete the opening. In addition, the overcurrent electromagnet 222 is connected in series or coupled to the main circuit current detection link. When an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit (such as a short circuit or overload), the core of the overcurrent electromagnet 222 is quickly attracted by the magnetic field generated by the strong current, directly forcing the opening and closing electromagnet 221 to be de-energized or change its state. Thus, without the delay of the first main shaft 210 and the limit switch 223, the opening operation is directly triggered, realizing the rapid removal of fault current.

[0039] This embodiment achieves reliable conversion of the closing command to the magnetic control switch 224 through the linkage between the first main shaft 210 and the limit switch 223. The operation logic is clear, and the limit switch 223 provides clear mechanical position feedback, avoiding malfunctions. The opening and closing electromagnet 221 works in conjunction with the magnetic control switch 224 to directly drive the vacuum interrupter 230 using electromagnetic force. Compared with traditional operating mechanisms, this reduces intermediate transmission links, resulting in faster response speed and less closing impact. In addition, the overcurrent electromagnet 222 provides autonomous protection capability for the circuit breaker. Once an overcurrent is detected in the main circuit, the overcurrent electromagnet 222 can independently intervene in the opening and closing electromagnet 221, forcibly executing the opening operation. The protection mechanism of the overcurrent electromagnet 222 does not rely on an external power supply or controller, greatly improving the reliability and instantaneous tripping capability of the magnetic control switch under fault conditions, effectively preventing equipment burnout and accident escalation.

[0040] The magnetically controlled switch 224 includes a stationary iron core 2241 and a moving iron core 2242. The initial polarities of the stationary iron core 2241 and the moving iron core 2242 are the same. When the first main shaft 210 rotates in the closing direction, the opening and closing electromagnet 221 is turned on, which energizes the moving iron core 2242 and changes its polarity. The moving iron core 2242 and the stationary iron core 2241 have opposite polarities and attract each other, so that the corresponding vacuum interrupter 230 is closed. When the first main shaft 210 rotates in the opening direction, the opening and closing electromagnet 221 is turned off, the moving iron core 2242 is de-energized and restores its initial polarity, and separates from the stationary iron core 2241 with the same polarity, so that the corresponding vacuum interrupter 230 is opened. The magnetic flux ratio of the stationary iron core 2241 and the moving iron core 2242 is 1:1.

[0041] It should be noted that each magnetically controlled switch 224 consists of a stationary iron core 2241 and a moving iron core 2242, and the initial magnetic polarity of the stationary iron core 2241 and the moving iron core 2242 is the same (e.g., both are N poles or both are S poles). The stationary iron core 2241 is made of permanent magnet material and its polarity is fixed, while the moving iron core 2242 has variable electromagnetic polarity, and its coil is controlled by the opening and closing electromagnet 221. When the first main shaft 210 is in the open position, the opening and closing electromagnet 221 is in the off state, and the moving iron core 2242 is not energized. At this time, the moving iron core 2242 maintains its initial polarity (the same as the stationary iron core 2241). Due to the mutual repulsion of like magnetic poles, a repulsive force is generated between the moving iron core 2242 and the stationary iron core 2241, causing the moving iron core 2242 to move away from the stationary iron core 2241, and the corresponding vacuum interrupter 230 remains in the open state. When the first main shaft 210 rotates in the closing direction, the limit switch 223 is triggered, the opening and closing electromagnet 221 is turned on, and a current with a specific direction is applied to the coil of the moving iron core 2242, forcing the polarity of the moving iron core 2242 to reverse, changing to a polarity opposite to that of the stationary iron core 2241 (e.g., from N to S). At this time, opposite magnetic poles attract each other, and the moving iron core 2242 is quickly attracted to the stationary iron core 2241 under the action of strong magnetic force, driving the moving contact of the vacuum interrupter 230 to complete the closing operation. When the first main shaft 210 rotates in the opening direction, the opening and closing electromagnet 221 is disconnected, the coil of the moving iron core 2242 is de-energized, and the magnetism of the moving iron core 2242 immediately disappears or returns to its initial polarity. Therefore, the moving iron core 2242 and the stationary iron core 2241 are once again in the same polarity state, generating a repulsive force, thereby causing the moving iron core 2242 to separate. The vacuum interrupter 230 relies on this repulsive force and the reset force to complete the opening operation.

[0042] It should be noted that the flux ratio between the stationary iron core 2241 and the moving iron core 2242 is 1:1. In the closed state, the permanent magnet flux provided by the stationary iron core 2241 and the electromagnetic flux excited by the coil of the moving iron core 2242 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction (for changing polarity), or equal in magnitude and act together on the air gap. When the magnetic field strength generated by the stationary iron core 2241 and the moving iron core 2242 is comparable, the combined magnetic flux distribution in the air gap is uniform, avoiding unilateral magnetic saturation. This maximizes and balances the attraction force of the magnetically controlled switch 224. When the magnetic fluxes on both sides are equal, the magnetic lines of force are symmetrically distributed in the air gap, and the attraction force reaches the optimal value for this material combination, avoiding wasted attraction force or localized overheating caused by strong magnetic flux on one side and insufficient flux on the other. Furthermore, the 1:1 flux ratio minimizes the electromagnetic energy required for the polarity reversal of the moving iron core 2242, because only an equal amount of permanent magnet flux needs to be canceled to change the direction of the net magnetic field, thereby shortening the excitation time and achieving high-speed, high-force magnetic drive. Furthermore, during the tripping operation, after the moving iron core 2242 is de-energized, its initial polarity is restored. Since the magnetic flux of the stationary iron core 2241 and the magnetic flux of the moving iron core 2242 are equal and opposite, the repulsive force generated by the two is uniform, which avoids the moving iron core 2242 from getting stuck or delayed in separation due to magnetic circuit asymmetry, thus ensuring the speed and consistency of tripping.

[0043] The switch module 400 includes an isolation handle 410, a third isolation crank plate 420, a chain crank pin 430, a chain rod 440, a sleeve plate 450, a first main shaft guide pin 460, and a first main shaft guide sleeve 470. The isolation handle 410 is connected to the first main shaft 210. One side of the third isolation crank plate 420 is fitted outside the first main shaft 210. The other end of the third isolation crank plate 420 is connected to one end of the chain rod 440 through the chain crank pin 430. The other end of the chain rod 440 is connected to one end of the sleeve plate 450. The other end of the sleeve plate 450 is connected to the first main shaft guide sleeve 470 through the first main shaft guide pin 460. The first main shaft guide sleeve 470 is fitted outside the first main shaft 210.

[0044] It should be noted that when the isolating handle 410 drives the first main shaft 210 to rotate in the closing direction, the third isolating crank arm plate 420 rotates accordingly. This, through the interlocking crank arm pin 430, pushes the interlocking rod 440 to generate axial displacement (push or pull). The interlocking rod 440 then drives the sleeve plate 450 to move. The sleeve plate 450 transmits the motion to the first main shaft guide sleeve 470 through the first main shaft guide pin 460, causing the first main shaft guide sleeve 470 to slide against the first main shaft 210 (for example, by pressing against the latch of the isolating module 300 or engaging in the limiting groove of the second main shaft 360). When the first main shaft 210 is in the open position, the transmission chain moves in the reverse direction, and the first main shaft guide sleeve 470 resets.

[0045] Furthermore, when the magnetically controlled actuator 200 is in the closed state (the first main shaft 210 rotates to the closed position), the first main shaft guide sleeve 470 is pushed to the locked position, preventing the rotation of the second main shaft 360 of the isolation module 300, thereby prohibiting the operation of the isolation module 300 under load. When the first main shaft 210 is in the open state, the guide sleeve returns to the unlocked position, allowing the isolation module 300 to perform opening and closing operations. Conversely, when the isolation module 300 is in the closed position (i.e., the isolating switch is closed), it may also lock the first main shaft 210 in reverse through another interlock to prevent accidental closing of the switch. This bidirectional interlock complies with the safety specifications of the five protection requirements for high-voltage switchgear, including preventing the opening and closing of isolating switches under load and preventing accidental entry into energized compartments.

[0046] An integrated insulating sleeve 237 is provided on the exterior of the vacuum interrupter 230. It should be noted that the integrated insulating sleeve 237 completely encloses the vacuum interrupter 230, eliminating the direct interface between the ceramic shell of the interrupter and the external air, effectively preventing surface flashover caused by surface contamination, moisture, or condensation. Since the insulating sleeve is typically integrally cast from solid insulating materials such as epoxy resin, its dielectric strength is much higher than that of an air gap, and the creepage distance between the inner and outer surfaces is significantly increased, thereby significantly improving the switchgear's tolerance to overvoltage and system harmonics. Furthermore, the integrated insulating sleeve 237 and the vacuum interrupter 230 form a gapless connection through casting or tight fitting, serving a positioning and support function. This eliminates the need for metal clamps or insulating supports that separately fix the interrupter in traditional structures, reducing the number of parts and also preventing relative loosening or positional displacement caused by vibration or long-term electrodynamic forces. The insulating cylinder itself has high bending and torsional strength, and can withstand the impact and reaction force generated during the opening and closing of the switch, ensuring that the moving contact axis of the vacuum interrupter 230 is always aligned, thus improving mechanical life and operational reliability.

[0047] The rack 100 is also equipped with a circuit breaker opening and closing display module 500, which is connected to the magnetic control execution module 200. The circuit breaker opening and closing display module 500 is used to display the circuit breaker opening and closing status of the magnetic control execution module 200.

[0048] It should be noted that the opening / closing display module 500 uses a mechanical position indicator. Since the display module is directly connected to the magnetically controlled actuator module 200, its indication status accurately reflects the actual opening / closing position of the vacuum interrupter 230, rather than relying solely on control signals. Before operating the isolating module 300 or the switching module 400, operators can clearly confirm whether the main circuit has been opened, thus avoiding opening or closing the isolating switch under load or accidentally entering a energized compartment. This complies with the safety regulations for preventing accidental opening / closing of circuit breakers and preventing grounding of energized wires, which are part of the five-prevention requirements for high-voltage switches. Furthermore, because the opening / closing display module 500 is mechanically or electrically synchronized with the magnetically controlled actuator module 200, when the interlocking mechanism of the isolating module 300 is activated, the operator can observe the display module to confirm whether the first main shaft 210 is correctly positioned. For example, if the display module still indicates closing after an opening operation, the interlocking lever 440 may not be able to unlock the isolating module 300, thus allowing for timely detection of interlocking faults.

[0049] The above provides a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetically controlled column-mounted switch structure, comprising a frame, a magnetically controlled execution module, an isolation module, and a switching module, characterized in that: The magnetically controlled execution module is disposed inside the frame. The magnetically controlled execution module includes a first main shaft, a magnetic control unit, and three vacuum interrupters. The magnetic control unit is connected to the first main shaft and the three vacuum interrupters respectively. The first main shaft is used to drive the magnetic control unit to turn on and off. When the first main shaft rotates in the closing direction, the magnetic control unit is turned on and generates a high-speed strong magnetic force to drive the vacuum interrupters to complete the closing operation. When the first main shaft rotates in the opening direction, the magnetic control unit is turned off, and the vacuum interrupters complete the opening operation by relying on the reset force. The isolation module is located outside the frame and connected to the magnetically controlled actuation module, and the isolation module is equipped with a second spindle; The switch module is located outside the frame. The switch module is connected to the magnetic control actuation module via the first spindle, and the switch module is connected to the isolation module via the second spindle.

2. The high-speed strong magnetic force magnetic control on-column switch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation module includes isolation mechanisms corresponding to the three vacuum interrupters, an isolation left side plate, an isolation right side plate, and a crossbeam. One side of the crossbeam is connected to one side of the isolation left side plate, and the other side of the crossbeam is connected to the isolation right side plate. The other sides of both the isolation left side plate and the isolation right side plate are connected to the frame. The three isolation mechanisms are disposed on the upper part of the crossbeam and are connected to the vacuum interrupter and the magnetic control execution module. The second main shaft passes through the isolation left side plate and the isolation right side plate and is connected to the isolation mechanisms and the switch module, respectively.

3. The high-speed strong magnetic force magnetic control on-column switch structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the isolation mechanisms includes an insulating support, a stationary knife holder, a moving knife holder, an isolation blade, a first insulating tie rod, a first isolation crank plate, and a current transformer. One end of the insulating support is connected to the crossbeam, and the other end of the insulating support is connected to one end of the stationary knife holder. The other end of the stationary knife holder is connected to one end of the isolation blade, and the other end of the isolation blade is connected to one end of the moving knife holder. The other end of the moving knife holder is connected to one end of the current transformer, and the other end of the current transformer is connected to the vacuum interrupter via a conductive rod. The middle part of the isolation blade is connected to one end of the first insulating tie rod, and the other end of the first insulating tie rod is connected to one end of the first isolation crank plate. The other end of the first isolation crank plate is connected to the second main shaft.

4. The high-speed strong magnetic force magnetic control on-column switch structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A guide mechanism is provided between the isolation left side plate and the isolation right side plate and the isolation mechanism. The guide mechanism includes a second isolation crank arm plate, a crank arm pin, a transmission fixing component, a transmission rod, an isolation guide sleeve, and an isolation opening spring. One end of the second isolation crank arm plate is sleeved outside the second main shaft, and the other end of the second isolation crank arm plate is connected to one end of the transmission fixing component through the crank arm pin. The other end of the transmission fixing component is connected to one end of the transmission rod. The outer side of the isolation guide sleeve is sleeved outside the other end of the transmission rod and is connected to the isolation left side plate or the isolation right side plate. The isolation opening spring is disposed between the transmission fixing component and the isolation guide sleeve and is sleeved outside the transmission rod.

5. The high-speed strong magnetic force magnetic control on-column switch structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vacuum interrupter is equipped with an inlet side, an outlet side, a flexible connector, a second insulating rod, an overtravel spring, and a voltage sensor. The voltage sensor is connected to the inlet side, the outlet side is connected to the first end of the flexible connector, the second end of the flexible connector is connected to the current transformer, the third end of the flexible connector is connected to one end of the second insulating rod, the other end of the second insulating rod is connected to the frame, and the overtravel spring is disposed between the other end of the second insulating rod and the frame.

6. The high-speed strong magnetic force magnetic control on-column switch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic control unit includes a closing electromagnet, an overcurrent electromagnet, a limit switch, and three magnetic switches. The first main shaft is electrically connected to the closing electromagnet via the limit switch. Both the closing electromagnet and the overcurrent electromagnet are connected to the magnetic switches. The closing electromagnet drives the limit switch to open or close according to the rotation direction of the first main shaft, controlling the closing state of the magnetic switches to adjust the closing state of the vacuum interrupter. The overcurrent electromagnet directly controls the closing electromagnet to perform a closing operation when an overcurrent is detected in the main circuit.

7. The high-speed strong magnetic force magnetic control on-column switch structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The magnetically controlled switch includes a stationary iron core and a moving iron core. The initial polarity of the stationary iron core and the moving iron core is the same. When the first main shaft rotates in the closing direction, the opening and closing electromagnet is turned on, energizing the moving iron core and changing its polarity. The moving iron core and the stationary iron core have opposite polarities and attract each other, so as to close the corresponding vacuum interrupter. When the first main shaft rotates in the opening direction, the opening and closing electromagnet is turned off, the moving iron core is de-energized and restores its initial polarity, and separates from the stationary iron core with the same polarity, so as to open the corresponding vacuum interrupter. The magnetic flux ratio of the stationary iron core and the moving iron core is 1:

1.

8. The high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetic control column-mounted switch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch module includes an isolation handle, a third isolation crank plate, a chain crank pin, a chain rod, a sleeve, a first main shaft guide pin, and a first main shaft guide sleeve. The isolation handle is connected to the first main shaft. One side of the third isolation crank plate is sleeved outside the first main shaft. The other end of the third isolation crank plate is connected to one end of the chain rod through the chain crank pin. The other end of the chain rod is connected to one end of the sleeve. The other end of the sleeve is connected to the first main shaft guide sleeve through the first main shaft guide pin. The first main shaft guide sleeve is sleeved outside the first main shaft.

9. The high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetic control column-mounted switch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum interrupter is equipped with an integrated insulating sleeve on the outside.

10. The high-speed, high-magnetic-force magnetic control column-mounted switch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rack is also equipped with a circuit breaker opening and closing display module, which is connected to the magnetic control execution module. The circuit breaker opening and closing display module is used to display the circuit breaker opening and closing status of the magnetic control execution module.

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