A fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of auxiliary components for mining motors, and more particularly to a fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction, comprising a mounting box and a flame-retardant box, a fuse wire, a tension spring, and an insulating sleeve disposed inside the mounting box. The insulating sleeve is fitted over the fuse wire, and the tension spring engages with the fuse wire through the insulating sleeve to apply elastic tension to the fuse wire. A breakable connecting strip is provided on the side of the insulating sleeve opposite to the tension spring. The connecting strip can withstand the tension force of the tension spring, ensuring that the fuse wire is not subjected to continuous stress under normal operating conditions. When the connecting strip fails due to stress accumulation, temperature softening, or reaching a preset lifespan threshold, the elastic tension of the tension spring pulls the fuse wire into the flame-retardant box through the insulating sleeve to achieve circuit disconnection. This invention solves the problem that existing fuses are prone to fatigue fracture under continuous tension, leading to malfunctions, by predicting the overall lifespan of the fuse through the connecting strip and disconnecting the circuit in advance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of auxiliary components for mining motors, and more particularly to a fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical overload and short-circuit protection device in the circuit system of mining motors, the reliability of fuses directly affects the operational safety of the entire system. Traditional fuses mostly use a fuse wire as the core protection element, relying on the overload current to cause the fuse wire to melt and break the circuit. To improve breaking speed and operational reliability, some fuses have added an elastic tension mechanism, using spring force to assist in breaking the fuse wire, thereby shortening the arc extinguishing time and improving the protection response speed. However, this type of structure still has significant limitations in practical applications and cannot meet the requirements of long-term stable operation.

[0003] Existing fuses with elastic mechanisms generally suffer from structural defects. Under normal operating conditions, the fuse wire is constantly subjected to the continuous tensile force of the spring, resulting in a long-term high-stress load. Without external force compensation, the fuse wire is highly susceptible to metal fatigue and stress damage, leading to unexpected breakage under non-overload conditions. This causes the fuse to malfunction, resulting in abnormal power outages and affecting the continuous operation of equipment. Furthermore, this type of fuse can only passively respond after the fuse wire melts due to current overload, lacking the ability to predict and protect in advance. It cannot proactively identify and disconnect damage caused by stress accumulation in internal components or natural aging of materials, easily leading to problems such as delayed protection and escalation of faults.

[0004] Furthermore, existing fuses still require optimization in terms of structural fit and operational safety. Some products have weak housing sealing, and the contact areas lack effective insulation, making them susceptible to dust and moisture corrosion, leading to poor contact or short-circuit risks. Internal connectors are mostly fixed, making disassembly and maintenance inconvenient. The single stress-bearing structure and uneven stress distribution further reduce the device's lifespan. In summary, how to prevent continuous fatigue of the fuse wire, predict the aging and stress accumulation of key components, proactively disconnect the circuit before failure, and simultaneously optimize structural assembly and protective performance have become urgent technical problems to be solved in the development of high-performance fuses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] This invention provides a fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction, which aims to solve the problem that the fuse wire of existing fuses is prone to fatigue fracture under continuous tensile force, which leads to malfunction. At the same time, by predicting the overall service life of the fuse through the stress accumulation and fatigue aging of the connecting rubber strip, the fuse can disconnect the circuit in advance according to the planned life.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction, comprising a mounting box and a flame-retardant box disposed inside the mounting box;

[0009] The insulating sleeve is fitted over the fuse, and the tension spring cooperates with the fuse through the insulating sleeve to apply an elastic tension to the fuse;

[0010] The insulating sleeve is provided with a breakable connecting strip on the side opposite to the tension spring. The connecting strip can withstand the tension of the tension spring so that the fuse is not subjected to continuous stress under normal working conditions.

[0011] When the connecting strip fails due to stress accumulation, temperature softening, or reaches a preset lifespan threshold, the elastic tension of the tension spring pulls the fuse into the flame-retardant box through the insulating sleeve to achieve circuit disconnection.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the connecting strip is made of a polymer composite material with thermal creep characteristics and stress accumulation damage characteristics, and its fracture temperature is lower than the melting temperature of the fuse.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the mounting box includes a cover and a base that can be spliced ​​together vertically;

[0014] The bottom of the cover extends downward and is provided with a pair of movable contacts. Between the pair of movable contacts is a mounting plate and a flame-retardant box fixed to the cover. The mounting plate is used to install the connecting strip. The two movable contacts are electrically connected through the fuse.

[0015] The top of the base is provided with an installation slot and a pair of connecting slots. The installation slot is used to accommodate the mounting plate, the flame-retardant box, and the fuse, tension spring and insulating sleeve disposed between the two. Each of the connecting slots is provided with a fixed contact corresponding to the movable contact, and the fixed contact is connected to an electrode plate.

[0016] A further technical solution is that the movable contact includes two opposing elastic metal sheets, one end of which is fixed to the bottom of the cover, and the other end has a hook-like structure. The hook-like mechanisms at the ends of the two opposing elastic metal sheets form a clamp structure, and the clamp structure and the fixed contact form a snap-fit ​​engagement.

[0017] A further technical solution includes a fixing plate, wherein the mounting plate has a fixing groove on the side facing the flame-retardant box, and the fixing plate can slide into the fixing groove.

[0018] The fixing plate has a slot on the side facing the flame retardant box. One end of the connecting strip is inserted into and fixed to the slot, and the other end is connected to the insulating sleeve. The end of the connecting strip near the slot also has multiple slits along the width of the connecting strip.

[0019] The flame-retardant box has a receiving groove on the side facing the mounting plate. One end of the tension spring is fixed to the bottom of the receiving groove, and the other end is connected to the insulating sleeve.

[0020] When the tension spring is in the pre-tensioned state, the tension is borne solely by the connecting rubber strip.

[0021] A further technical solution is that an arc-extinguishing device is provided inside the receiving groove.

[0022] A further technical solution is that a sealing gasket is provided between the splicing end face of the cover and the base, and the sealing gasket is respectively arranged around the mounting groove and the connecting groove.

[0023] A further technical solution is that the bottom of the cover is provided with insulating and isolating ribs on the outer side of the pair of movable contacts, the insulating and isolating ribs extending downward into the connecting groove and surrounding the outer periphery of the corresponding fixed contact.

[0024] A further technical solution is that the inner walls of the opposite sides of the fixing groove are provided with anti-slip protrusions, and the side of the fixing plate is provided with a limiting groove that matches the anti-slip protrusions.

[0025] A further technical solution is that the fixed contact is connected to an electrode plate, and the electrode plate is embedded inside the base.

[0026] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: On the one hand, through the cooperation of the tension spring and the connecting strip, the tension of the tension spring is not directly applied to the fuse, but is instead borne by the connecting strip on the opposite side. This allows the fuse to be placed naturally and free from external forces, reducing the risk of accidental breakage due to mechanical fatigue caused by continuous stress accumulation, reducing malfunctions under non-fault conditions, and ensuring the continuity of power supply. On the other hand, through the design of the connecting strip, the lifespan can be predicted by the fatigue softening of the connecting strip itself, thereby enabling the fuse to have predictive protection capabilities. As time goes by and the tension of the tension spring continues, the stress inside the connecting strip gradually accumulates, continuously softening and releasing the force. Before the preset lifespan of the connecting strip expires, the tension of the tension spring will prematurely disconnect the circuit. This allows users to obtain proactive protection before unexpected power outages, improving the stability and safety of the power supply system, and ultimately solving the common industry problems of traditional fuses that can only passively melt, cannot predict aging, and are difficult to protect in advance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the top cover and the lower fixing components.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the fixing plate, mounting plate, and connecting strip.

[0032] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0033] 1: Mounting box; 11: Cover; 111: Mounting plate; 1111: Fixing groove; 12: Base; 121: Mounting groove; 122: Connection groove; 2: Flame retardant box; 21: Receiving groove; 3: Fuse; 4: Tension spring; 5: Insulating sleeve; 6: Connecting strip; 61: Crack; 7: Moving contact; 71: Elastic metal sheet; 8: Fixed contact; 9: Electrode sheet; 10: Fixing plate; 101: Receiving slot. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] This embodiment provides a fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction, such as... Figures 1 to 3As shown, the system includes a mounting box 1 and a flame-retardant box 2, a fuse 3, a tension spring 4, and an insulating sleeve 5 disposed inside the mounting box 1. The insulating sleeve 5 is fitted over the fuse 3, and the tension spring 4 engages with the fuse 3 through the insulating sleeve 5 to apply an elastic tension to the fuse 3. A breakable connecting strip 6 is provided on the side of the insulating sleeve 5 opposite to the tension spring 4. The connecting strip 6 can withstand the tension of the tension spring 4, so that the fuse 3 is not subjected to continuous stress under normal operating conditions. When the connecting strip 6 fails due to stress accumulation, temperature softening, or reaching a preset lifespan threshold, the elastic tension of the tension spring 4 pulls the fuse 3 into the flame-retardant box 2 through the insulating sleeve 5 to achieve circuit disconnection.

[0036] Specifically, mounting box 1 is made of insulating and heat-resistant engineering plastic, such as ABS. This material is non-conductive and does not deform at high temperatures. Mounting box 1 provides the mounting base and isolates the circuit from the external environment. It must not only facilitate assembly but also provide sufficient safety isolation. Flame-retardant box 2 is used to internally house the fuse 3 and extinguish arcs. It can be made of flame-retardant, insulating, high-temperature resistant, and arc-resistant materials to effectively suppress the arc generated during breaking, prevent high-temperature damage to surrounding structures, and improve the safety of the fuse.

[0037] The insulating sleeve 5 is a hollow sleeve structure, with the fuse 3 passing through it. Both ends of the fuse 3 are electrically connected to corresponding contacts inside the mounting box 1. Under normal operating conditions, there is a gap between the fuse 3 and the insulating sleeve 5, meaning the fuse 3 is not subjected to any force from the insulating sleeve 5. This allows the fuse 3 to remain freely mounted under normal operating conditions, without being subjected to external forces from the tension spring 4 or the connecting strip 6. The forces of the connecting strip 6 and the tension spring 4 act on the insulating sleeve 5 respectively, and the forces on both sides are in a balanced state. The fuse 3 can only melt due to overheating caused by a circuit fault, reducing the possibility of accidental breakage. This is directly reflected in a significant decrease in the number of malfunctions of the fuse. This is crucial for mining motors, mainly because mining motors typically operate in complex and harsh environments such as underground mines and mining faces, with long power supply lines, large load fluctuations, and strong vibrations. Furthermore, on-site maintenance and repair are inconvenient, placing extremely high demands on the continuity of power supply and the reliability of protection devices. If the fuse 3 breaks unexpectedly due to mechanical fatigue caused by continuous external force, it will lead to a sudden shutdown of the motor in a non-faulty state. This will not only affect normal production operations but also pose a potential safety risk of equipment shutdown in the mine, and may even cause production interruption or safety hazards. In this invention, the fuse 3 is in a free-standing state without external force during normal operation. It will only melt and break when the circuit actually experiences overload, short circuit, or other faults. Structurally, this eliminates the false tripping caused by mechanical stress, significantly reducing the probability of unnecessary fuse shutdown and ensuring the continuous, stable, and safe operation of the mining motor. In addition, the insulating sleeve 5 can also isolate the fuse 3 from external components, achieving electrical insulation and preventing short circuits or leakage during the breaking process.

[0038] In this embodiment, the connecting strip 6 serves as the core stress-bearing and fatigue prediction triggering component. The connecting strip 6 is made of a polymer composite material with thermal creep and stress accumulation damage characteristics, and its fracture temperature is lower than the melting temperature of the fuse 3. Specifically, the connecting strip 6 can be made of flame-retardant modified polypropylene or nylon-based thermal creep polymer materials. These materials possess stable mechanical decay characteristics and temperature response characteristics, which can accurately match the adaptive protection and fatigue prediction requirements of the fuse.

[0039] The preset breaking temperature of the connecting strip 6 is lower than the rated melting temperature of the fuse 3, with a difference that can be set to 20 degrees Celsius. This ensures that when the circuit experiences overload and temperature rise but does not reach the melting threshold of the fuse 3, the connecting strip 6 can respond first, preventing the fuse 3 from directly melting and causing irreversible damage, while also achieving early warning-type disconnection. It should be noted that although the connecting strip 6 is not directly connected to the fuse 3, it senses the overall internal temperature of the mounting box 1. When the circuit is overloaded, the temperature of the fuse 3 rises, causing the overall internal temperature of the mounting box 1 to rise. In this case, the temperature rise sensed by the connecting strip 6 can trigger early disconnection, making a prediction. Under normal operating conditions at room temperature, this material has sufficient rated load-bearing strength to fully withstand the full tension of the tension spring 4 in the pre-tensioned state. Through force balance, the insulating sleeve 5 is kept fixed, thus allowing the fuse 3 to always be in a free-standing state without external interference.

[0040] During long-term operation, the connecting strip 6 will gradually suffer from stress accumulation damage. The internal polymer chains slowly decay under continuous stress. When the preset lifespan threshold is reached, the mechanical strength decreases to the point where it can no longer bear the tension of the tension spring 4, and then it breaks. When the circuit is overloaded or the equipment overheats abnormally, causing the ambient temperature to rise, the connecting strip 6 softens rapidly due to thermal creep, and its mechanical load-bearing capacity drops sharply, which will also trigger breakage. Both breakage methods can accurately achieve fatigue prediction and adaptive stress compensation, and no mechanical stress is transmitted to the fuse 3 throughout the process. This eliminates the possibility of fatigue failure of the fuse 3 at the source, better adapting to the demanding working conditions of mining motors and other applications requiring high power supply reliability, and ensuring accurate and controllable circuit protection actions.

[0041] In this embodiment, the mounting box 1 includes a cover 11 and a base 12 that can be joined vertically. A pair of movable contacts 7 extend downwards from the bottom of the cover 11. A mounting plate 111 and a flame-retardant box 2, fixed to the cover 11, are provided between the pairs of movable contacts 7. The mounting plate 111 is used to install a connecting strip 6, and the two movable contacts 7 are electrically connected by a fuse 3. The top of the base 12 has a mounting groove 121 and a pair of connecting grooves 122. The mounting groove 121 accommodates the mounting plate 111, the flame-retardant box 2, and the fuse 3, tension spring 4, and insulating sleeve 5 located between them. A fixed contact 8 is provided in each connecting groove 122 corresponding to the movable contact 7.

[0042] The movable contact 7 includes two opposing elastic metal pieces 71. One end of the elastic metal piece 71 is fixed to the bottom of the cover 11, and the other end has a hook-like structure. The hook-like mechanisms at the ends of the two opposing elastic metal pieces 71 form a clamp structure, which engages with the fixed contact 8.

[0043] Specifically, the mounting box 1 is composed of a cover 11 and a base 12 spliced ​​together, which facilitates the assembly, positioning and maintenance of internal components, simplifies the overall assembly process, and facilitates effective isolation between the inside and outside of the housing, thereby improving the structural stability and protection reliability of the fuse.

[0044] The movable contacts 7 are respectively located at both ends of the cover 11, and are used to form a snap-fit ​​engagement with the fixed contacts inside the connecting groove 122 of the base 12, thereby enabling circuit conduction. The mounting plate 111 and the flame-retardant box 2 are located at the lower center of the cover 11, between the two movable contacts 7, with a compact and reasonable spatial layout. The mounting plate 111 is used to install the connecting strip 6, providing a point of force for the connecting strip 6. The flame-retardant box 2 is used to install the tension spring 4 to accurately pull the fuse 3 into it.

[0045] The mounting slot 121 of the base 12 can orderly accommodate the mounting plate 111, the flame-retardant box 2, and related moving parts. The paired connecting slots 122 provide precise positioning for the fixed contact 8, facilitating reliable docking between the fixed contact 8 and the movable contact 7. The movable contact 7 uses two oppositely arranged elastic metal plates 71, which, together with the hook-like structure at the end, form a clamp-like structure to engage with the fixed contact 8. This enables quick and stable electrical connection and mechanical locking between the contacts, effectively improving contact reliability. At the same time, it facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the cover 11 and the base 12. The overall structure is firmly connected, which can significantly improve the assembly efficiency and operational stability of the fuse.

[0046] Reference Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a fixing plate 10 is also included. A fixing groove 1111 for mounting the fixing plate 10 is provided on the side of the mounting plate 111 facing the flame-retardant box 2, allowing the fixing plate 10 to slide into the fixing groove 1111. A receiving slot 101 is provided on the side of the fixing plate 10 facing the flame-retardant box 2. One end of the connecting strip 6 is inserted and fixed to the receiving slot 101, and the other end is connected to the insulating sleeve 5. Multiple slits 61 along the width direction of the connecting strip 6 are also provided on the end of the connecting strip 6 near the receiving slot 101. A receiving groove 21 is provided on the side of the flame-retardant box 2 facing the mounting plate 111. One end of the tension spring 4 is fixed to the bottom of the receiving groove 21, and the other end is connected to the insulating sleeve 5. When the tension spring 4 is in a pre-tensioned state, the tension is borne solely by the connecting strip 6.

[0047] Specifically, this embodiment adds a fixing plate 10 and provides a fixing groove 1111 for mounting the fixing plate 10 on the side of the mounting plate 111 facing the flame-retardant box 2. This allows the fixing plate 10 to be quickly assembled and positioned by sliding and snapping in, improving assembly convenience and structural stability. The socket 101 on the fixing plate 10 can reliably insert and fix the connecting strip 6, ensuring that the connecting strip 6 does not shift or loosen under stress. The multiple slits 61 distributed along the width direction near the end of the connecting strip 6 near the socket 101 can optimize the stress distribution of the strip, avoid stress concentration leading to unexpected breakage, and improve the accuracy and consistency of action. The receiving groove 21 on the flame-retardant box 2 can provide a stable installation space and motion guide for the tension spring 4, making the force direction of the tension spring 4 more stable and reliable.

[0048] In addition, one end of the tension spring 4 is fixed to the bottom of the receiving groove 21 of the flame retardant box 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the insulating sleeve 5 facing the tension spring 4.

[0049] The tension spring 4 is always in a pre-tensioned state, and its elastic tension acts directly on the insulating sleeve 5. During normal operation, the side of the insulating sleeve 5 away from the tension spring 4 is fixedly connected to the connecting strip 6. The connecting strip 6 bears and balances the tension of the tension spring 4, so that the fuse 3 is not subjected to the spring tension during the entire working process, thereby avoiding mechanical fatigue of the fuse 3 due to continuous stress.

[0050] When the connecting strip 6 breaks, the tension of the tension spring 4 pulls the fuse 3 directly through the insulating sleeve 5, quickly drawing the fuse 3 into the flame-retardant box 2, thus reliably disconnecting the circuit. This effectively avoids the problems of conventional fuses where the fuse 3, lacking restraint measures, is prone to springing away due to stress at the moment of breakage, and the fuse 3 has a random fracture surface after melting.

[0051] In this embodiment, an arc-extinguishing device is provided in the receiving groove 21. When the fuse 3 is pulled into the flame-retardant box 2 to break the circuit, it can quickly extinguish the arc generated during the breaking process, reduce the arc's erosion damage to surrounding components, avoid arc leakage causing short circuits or safety hazards, effectively improve the safety and reliability of the fuse breaking process, and extend the overall service life of the fuse.

[0052] In this embodiment, a sealing gasket is provided between the splicing end faces of the cover 11 and the base 12. The sealing gasket can be made of a fire-resistant material and is provided around the mounting groove 121 and the connecting groove 122 respectively. The sealing gasket can form a complete sealing barrier structure after the cover 11 and the base 12 are assembled, effectively preventing external dust, moisture and impurities from entering the mounting groove 121 and the connecting groove 122. This ensures that internal components such as the moving contact 7, the fixed contact 8, the connecting strip 6, and the tension spring 4 are not corroded by the external environment, maintains stable electrical contact and reliable structural operation, and enhances the overall protective performance and environmental adaptability of the fuse, thus extending the product's service life.

[0053] In this embodiment, the inner walls of opposite sides of the fixing groove 1111 are provided with anti-slip protrusions, and the side of the fixing plate 10 is provided with a limiting groove that matches the anti-slip protrusions. The purpose is to form a limiting structure with a concave-convex fit between the fixing plate 10 and the fixing groove 1111, which effectively improves the firmness and stability of the fixing plate 10 after assembly, prevents the fixing plate 10 from loosening, slipping or falling off during use, and ensures that the installation position of the connecting strip 6 is accurate and reliable.

[0054] In this embodiment, the bottom of the cover 11 is provided with insulating isolation ribs on the outer sides of the paired movable contacts 7. The insulating isolation ribs extend downward into the connecting groove 122 and surround the outer periphery of the corresponding fixed contact 8. This can form a reliable electrical barrier between adjacent contacts, effectively preventing electrical hazards such as creepage and short circuits between contacts, improving the insulation performance and safety of the fuse, and guiding and positioning the contact mating position to ensure accurate assembly and stable contact.

[0055] In this embodiment, the fixed contact 8 is connected to an electrode plate 9, which is embedded inside the base 12. The electrode plate 9 is used to connect to an external circuit.

[0056] The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction functions provided in this embodiment achieves stable and reliable circuit protection through structural coordination in actual use. Its complete working process can be divided into four stages: normal working state, stress accumulation and aging prediction state, overload response state, and fault disconnection state. Each stage is interconnected and cooperates with each other, fundamentally solving the problems of traditional fuses such as easy false operation, unpredictability, and unreliable disconnection.

[0057] Under normal operating conditions, the circuit current is within the rated range, the internal temperature of the fuse remains stable, and the tension spring 4 is always in a pre-tensioned state. Its tension is borne and balanced solely by the connecting rubber strip 6. The connecting rubber strip 6 is stably fixed by the fixing plate 10 and the mounting plate 111. Together with the insulating sleeves 5 on both sides that are evenly stressed, the fuse 3 is always in a free-standing state, not bearing any mechanical external force from the tension spring 4 or the connecting rubber strip 6. This avoids metal fatigue of the fuse 3 due to continuous stress, eliminating the phenomenon of accidental breakage and false tripping under non-fault conditions from the structural root, and ensuring continuous and stable power supply. At this time, the sealing gasket, the insulating isolation rib, and the mounting box 1 together form a complete protection, effectively blocking the intrusion of external dust, moisture, and impurities, ensuring that the internal contacts, elastic elements, and triggering structure are not affected by the harsh external environment, especially suitable for the long-term operation requirements of complex working conditions such as mining motors.

[0058] During long-term use, the fuse enters the stress accumulation and aging prediction stage. The connecting strip 6 is made of a polymer material with stress accumulation damage characteristics. During continuous tensile stress, the internal structure of the material gradually decays over time, and its mechanical properties slowly decline. When it reaches the preset lifespan threshold, its strength is insufficient to maintain the stress balance, and it will break autonomously, achieving equivalent prediction and active protection of the component's aging state. This makes the fuse no longer a random and uncontrollable sudden failure, but rather completes the protection action smoothly and controllably according to the preset lifespan, avoiding risks such as power outages and equipment shutdowns caused by sudden component failures. It is especially suitable for underground equipment and mining motor systems where maintenance is inconvenient and power supply reliability requirements are extremely high. At the same time, the slits 61 opened on the connecting strip 6 can optimize the stress distribution, avoid unexpected fractures caused by local stress concentration, and further improve the consistency and stability of the protection action.

[0059] When the circuit experiences a mild overload or prolonged abnormal heating, the fuse enters the temperature-responsive overload protection stage. At this time, the increased current causes the temperature of the contacts and internal space to rise. The connecting strip 6 can sense the ambient temperature inside the mounting box 1. Because its preset fracture temperature is lower than the melting temperature of the fuse 3, the connecting strip 6 can quickly soften and fail due to thermal creep before the ambient temperature reaches the melting threshold of the fuse 3. This triggers the protection action before the fuse 3 melts, achieving early warning disconnection.

[0060] The aforementioned two-level protection mode not only avoids damage caused by prolonged overheating of the equipment, but also reduces the replacement cost resulting from the direct melting of fuse 3, achieving dual optimization of overload protection and lifespan management. Compared with traditional fuses that can only passively protect after fuse 3 melts, this embodiment can identify potential overload hazards in advance, significantly improving the timeliness and comprehensiveness of protection.

[0061] When a severe overload or short circuit occurs in the circuit, or when the connecting strip 6 breaks due to the expiration of its lifespan or increased temperature, the fuse quickly enters the fault-breaking stage. After the connecting strip 6 breaks, the force balance is disrupted, and the elastic tension of the tension spring 4 acts quickly through the insulating sleeve 5 onto the fuse 3, smoothly and precisely pulling the fuse 3 into the flame-retardant box 2, thus quickly disconnecting the circuit. The arc-extinguishing device inside the flame-retardant box 2 can quickly extinguish the arc generated during the breaking process, preventing the arc from burning surrounding components or leaking outwards, thus improving the safety and reliability of the breaking process. At the same time, the insulating sleeve 5 can isolate the fuse 3 from other structures, avoiding potential hazards such as short circuits and leakage during breaking, ensuring that the entire operation is safe and controllable.

[0062] Overall, this embodiment achieves functional advantages such as adaptive stress compensation, fatigue life prediction, reduced false tripping, and improved protection accuracy by utilizing the thermal creep characteristics and stress accumulation damage characteristics of the connecting strip 6 and the stress design of the freely mounted fuse 3. This fuse not only enables rapid and reliable disconnection during circuit faults but also prevents fatigue damage to the fuse 3 during long-term use, achieving component life prediction and early protection. This significantly reduces the probability of unnecessary downtime, improves power supply continuity and equipment operation safety, and is particularly suitable for equipment and systems with stringent protection reliability requirements, such as mining motors.

[0063] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this embodiment, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0065] In this embodiment, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] It should be understood that the above description of specific embodiments of the present invention is only for illustrating the technical approach and features of the present invention, and is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. All changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuse having adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction, characterized by, Includes mounting box (1) and flame-retardant box (2), fuse (3), tension spring (4) and insulating sleeve (5) disposed inside the mounting box (1); The insulating sleeve (5) is fitted over the fuse (3), and the tension spring (4) cooperates with the fuse (3) through the insulating sleeve (5) to apply elastic tension to the fuse (3); The insulating sleeve (5) is provided with a breakable connecting strip (6) on the side opposite to the tension spring (4). The connecting strip (6) can withstand the tension of the tension spring (4) so ​​that the fuse (3) is not subjected to continuous stress under normal working conditions. When the connecting strip (6) breaks due to stress accumulation failure, temperature softening failure, or reaching the preset life threshold, the elastic tension of the tension spring (4) pulls the fuse (3) into the flame-retardant box (2) through the insulating sleeve (5) to achieve circuit disconnection.

2. The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting strip (6) is made of a polymer composite material with thermal creep characteristics and stress accumulation damage characteristics, and the fracture temperature of the connecting strip (6) is lower than the melting temperature of the fuse (3).

3. The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting box (1) includes a cover (11) that can be spliced ​​up and down and a base (12). The bottom of the cover (11) extends downward and is provided with a pair of movable contacts (7). Between the pair of movable contacts (7) is a mounting plate (111) fixed to the cover (11) and the flame retardant box (2). The mounting plate (111) is used to install the connecting strip (6). The two movable contacts (7) are electrically connected through the fuse (3). The top of the base (12) is provided with an installation groove (121) and a pair of connecting grooves (122). The installation groove (121) is used to accommodate the mounting plate (111), the flame retardant box (2), and the fuse (3), tension spring (4) and insulating sleeve (5) located between the two. Each of the connecting grooves (122) is provided with a fixed contact (8) corresponding to the movable contact (7).

4. The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The movable contact (7) includes two opposing elastic metal sheets (71). One end of the elastic metal sheet (71) is fixed to the bottom of the cover (11), and the other end has a hook-like structure. The hook-like mechanisms at the ends of the two opposing elastic metal sheets (71) form a clamp structure. The clamp structure and the fixed contact (8) form a snap-fit ​​engagement.

5. The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction as described in claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a fixing plate (10), and the mounting plate (111) has a fixing groove (1111) for mounting the fixing plate (10) on the side facing the flame retardant box (2), and the fixing plate (10) can slide into the fixing groove (1111). The fixing plate (10) has a socket (101) on the side facing the flame retardant box (2). One end of the connecting strip (6) is inserted and fixed to the socket (101), and the other end is connected to the insulating sleeve (5). The connecting strip (6) also has a plurality of slits (61) along the width direction of the connecting strip (6) at the end near the socket (101). The flame-retardant box (2) has a receiving groove (21) on the side facing the mounting plate (111). One end of the tension spring (4) is fixed to the bottom of the receiving groove (21), and the other end is connected to the insulating sleeve (5). When the tension spring (4) is in the pre-tension state, the tension is borne solely by the connecting rubber strip (6).

6. The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction as described in claim 3, characterized in that, An arc-extinguishing device is provided inside the receiving groove (21).

7. The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A sealing gasket is provided between the splicing end face of the cover (11) and the base (12), and the sealing gasket is respectively arranged around the mounting groove (121) and the connecting groove (122).

8. The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the cover (11) is provided with insulating and isolating ribs on the outer side of the pair of movable contacts (7). The insulating and isolating ribs extend downward into the connecting groove (122) and surround the outer periphery of the corresponding fixed contact (8).

9. The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The inner walls of the opposite sides of the fixing groove (1111) are provided with anti-slip protrusions, and the side of the fixing plate (10) is provided with a limiting groove that matches the anti-slip protrusions.

10. The fuse with adaptive stress compensation and fatigue prediction as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed contact (8) is connected to an electrode plate (9), which is embedded inside the base (12).

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