Battery pack recycling device

Abstract

This invention discloses a battery pack recycling device, belonging to the field of waste battery recycling and processing. The invention includes an evaluation unit, a retesting frame, and a recycling mechanism. The retesting frame includes a placement frame; battery placement slots are arrayed on the placement frame, and a charging control module, a first residual power recovery module, and a data acquisition module are installed inside the battery placement slots; a heating channel is fixedly connected to the rear end of the battery placement slots. The recycling mechanism includes an isolation frame; a second residual power recovery module and a battery cooling tank are arrayed on the isolation frame, and an auxiliary heating channel is fixedly connected to the rear end of the battery cooling tank. A conveyor belt is provided between the retesting frame and the recycling mechanism; the evaluation unit is fixedly installed at the upstream end of the conveyor belt. This invention, through the functions of the evaluation unit, the retesting frame, and the recycling mechanism, has the advantages of fully utilizing residual power and material value, reducing pollution caused by overheating runaway and discharge, and improving recycling efficiency by distributing the testing cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste battery recycling and processing technology, and in particular to a battery pack recycling and utilization device. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles, energy storage power stations, and communication backup power supplies, the number of lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries in use has exploded. Used batteries not only contain valuable materials such as lead, lithium, and electrolytes, but also retain a considerable amount of residual electrical energy. If disposed of properly, they can become valuable secondary resources; conversely, if discarded arbitrarily or treated using substandard processes, they can cause persistent heavy metal pollution and safety hazards to soil, water, and the atmosphere.

[0003] Currently, the main problems in the recycling of used batteries are as follows: First, the mainstream method for accurate assessment of the current health status is still the full charge and discharge test, which requires fully charging the battery and then discharging it at a constant current to the cutoff voltage. This process takes several hours or even up to ten hours, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale processing. Although this mainstream full charge and discharge test has the advantage of accuracy, its time-consuming nature reduces the recycling efficiency. While rapid screening methods such as the open circuit voltage method and the internal resistance method are fast, they can only reflect static parameters and cannot assess dynamic performance such as polarization characteristics and self-discharge rate, which can easily lead to misjudgments. As a result, batteries that can be reused are judged as scrapped, or aging batteries are allowed to enter the market for secondary use. This not only poses safety hazards but also leads to a crisis of trust in quality due to misjudgments in recycling, thus restricting the development of the recycling industry.

[0004] Secondly, existing retired batteries all contain varying degrees of residual electrical energy. Direct disassembly, crushing, or stacking without discharging can trigger severe thermal runaway due to mechanical short circuits or accidental contact between the positive and negative terminals. This is especially true for aging batteries with increased internal resistance; a high-current short circuit can cause a rapid increase in Joule heat, raising the temperature to the ignition point within seconds, igniting the electrolyte and separator, leading to fire or explosion. Therefore, without proper discharge, batteries are prone to thermal runaway and even explosion. Existing discharge methods such as fixed-resistance discharge and brine immersion have significant drawbacks: resistive discharge cannot adjust the current according to internal resistance, easily leading to overheating; brine immersion produces waste liquid containing heavy metals, causing secondary pollution, and the batteries become damp after discharge, making subsequent treatment difficult.

[0005] In response to the aforementioned problems of long testing time reducing recycling efficiency, uncontrolled overheating before discharge, and pollution caused by discharge, this invention designs a battery pack recycling device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery pack recycling device that can solve the problems mentioned above, such as long testing time reducing recycling efficiency, uncontrolled overheating before discharge, and pollution caused by discharge.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention relates to a battery pack recycling device, comprising an evaluation unit, a retesting frame, a recycling mechanism, and a conveyor belt. Its function is to construct a streamlined operation system for evaluation, retesting, conveying, and recycling. First, an initial evaluation is conducted, and battery packs with high value or those that can be reused in the secondary market are subjected to precise retesting to ensure the quality and industry standards of the recycled products. Other battery packs are directly used for secondary utilization or discharged before being recycled. The evaluation unit is used to detect the health status of the battery pack to be processed. The evaluation unit includes at least a voltage detection module, an internal resistance detection module, a temperature detection module, and a control module. The voltage detection module is used to collect the terminal voltage of the battery pack in real time without disassembling or damaging the battery pack, and transmit the voltage signal to the control module. This serves as preliminary data for judging whether the battery is undervoltage, over-discharged, or within the normal range, and whether there is an obvious short circuit or open circuit fault. The internal resistance detection module measures the AC internal resistance or DC internal resistance, injects an AC test signal of a preset frequency into the battery pack, measures the phase difference between the response voltage and current, calculates the AC internal resistance value of the battery pack, and transmits the internal resistance data to the control module as a key parameter for evaluating the health status of the battery. To obtain the health status of the battery packs that require precise evaluation and to provide them with charging, data acquisition, and residual power recovery stations, a retesting frame is designed. This retesting frame performs full-charge and discharge tests. The retesting frame includes a placement frame, a charging control module, a first residual power recovery module, and a data acquisition module. Battery placement slots are evenly arrayed on the placement frame, and battery packs are placed inside each slot. The charging control module, the first residual power recovery module, and the data acquisition module are fixedly installed near the inner wall of the battery packs. A heating channel is fixedly connected to the rear end of each battery placement slot. Its function is to provide batch retesting stations, which has the advantage of distributing the overall testing cycle, thereby significantly reducing the average equivalent time for a single battery and improving recycling efficiency. In order to utilize the tiered value and material classification of used battery packs that will not return to the market, and to centrally recover and cool the residual energy of battery packs with remaining power, a recycling mechanism is designed. This mechanism includes an isolation frame, a second residual energy recovery module, and a battery cooling tank. The isolation frame has the second residual energy recovery module and the battery cooling tank evenly arrayed, and the battery pack is placed inside the battery cooling tank. The rear end of the battery cooling tank is fixedly connected to an auxiliary heating channel. Its function is to provide a channel for residual energy recovery, control the battery discharge temperature through the cooling tank, and dissipate the generated heat through the auxiliary heating channel to provide air slightly above room temperature to the external heating system, thereby avoiding uncontrolled overheating before discharge and pollution caused by discharge. In other words, the second battery pack used for material recovery is fully discharged before material recovery.

[0008] To utilize the residual electrical energy of the battery pack, it is designed to directly heat the residual power; the battery pack is electrically connected to the first residual power recovery module or the second residual power recovery module to supply power to it; a conveyor belt is provided between the retesting frame and the recycling mechanism; an evaluation unit is fixedly installed at the upstream end of the conveyor belt.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in order to realize the automated picking, placing and sorting of battery packs between different workstations, a Cartesian coordinate robot is also included; at least three Cartesian coordinate robots are fixedly installed on the conveyor belt, each of which is used to grab the battery packs on the conveyor belt and transfer them to the evaluation unit, the retesting rack and the recycling mechanism respectively; its function is to automatically transfer the undisassembled battery packs from the conveyor belt to the evaluation unit or the retesting rack or the recycling mechanism, thereby improving sorting efficiency and accuracy. To separate the evaluated battery packs into two categories—residual energy recovery and material recovery—the isolation rack includes a row of battery transfer racks and a row of battery waste racks installed on both sides of the conveyor belt. Each battery transfer rack has a cooling tank containing a first battery pack for residual energy recovery, and each battery waste rack has a cooling tank containing a second battery pack for material recovery. The first battery packs, selected for repeated energy storage and residual energy recovery, are centrally managed. The purpose of the battery transfer racks and battery waste racks is to achieve classified temporary storage of batteries, avoid cross-contamination, and provide material preparation for subsequent different processing paths. The retesting rack holds a third battery pack awaiting precise evaluation. This third battery pack has been initially selected by the evaluation unit and deemed to have high value, thus undergoing retesting. If the retest is successful, it can be returned to the market; otherwise, it is reclassified as a first battery pack for secondary use. Simultaneously, to fully utilize renewable energy, photovoltaic and wind power curtailment is used to charge the battery packs, reducing the electricity cost of recycling and avoiding energy waste. The charging control module and the charging input of the first battery pack are electrically connected to the curtailment output of a renewable energy power generation system, including photovoltaic and / or wind power systems. The discharge output of the first battery pack is electrically connected to an AC grid, a DC bus, or at least one terminal load. This system absorbs low-priced or zero-priced curtailment, providing charging power for the third battery pack requiring retesting, and also storing energy to replenish the first battery pack before surplus energy recovery. It also allows for grid-connected power supply, DC microgrid power supply, or direct driving of local loads, improving the flexibility of surplus energy utilization, depending on actual needs.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in order to convert the residual electrical energy of the third battery pack into heat energy and realize residual energy recovery, the first residual energy recovery module includes a first heating tube evenly distributed in an array; the first heating tube is fixedly installed inside the heating channel; the positive and negative terminals of each of the third battery packs are electrically connected to the two ends of a corresponding independent first heating tube; the electrical energy is directly converted into heat through resistance heating to heat the air in the heating channel, realizing electrothermal conversion; in order to monitor the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of the third battery pack in real time during the discharge process, so as to more accurately assess its true health status, each of the third battery packs is also electrically connected to a data acquisition module; the module collects the dynamic response data of the battery during the discharge process, providing a quantitative basis for health status retesting; To convert the residual electrical energy of the second battery pack into heat energy and achieve residual energy recovery, the second residual energy recovery module includes a uniformly arrayed array of second heating tubes; each of the second heating tubes is fixedly installed inside the auxiliary heating channel; the positive and negative terminals of each second battery pack are electrically connected to the two ends of a corresponding independent second heating tube; the energy of the second battery pack, which is determined to be scrapped but still has residual power, is converted into hot air through the second heating tubes for use by the external heating system; each second battery pack is also electrically connected to a voltage acquisition module for real-time voltage monitoring; when the voltage drops to a preset discharge termination threshold, the circuit is automatically cut off to ensure discharge safety; In order to automatically adjust the discharge power according to the remaining battery power and internal resistance state and avoid thermal runaway caused by large current surge, multiple heating tubes with different power levels are designed. The first heating tube and the second heating tube each have at least three switchable heating power levels, namely first-level heating power, second-level heating power and third-level heating power.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in order to realize the automatic connection and disconnection of the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack with the second residual power recovery module of the external circuit, the inner top wall of the battery placement tank and the battery cooling tank are provided with terminal assembly for controlling the circuit connection and disconnection. The terminal assembly includes an electric telescopic rod, a U-shaped rod, and a lead post; the telescopic end of each electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed to the top center of the U-shaped rod; lead posts are fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of each U-shaped rod; each lead post is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to perform final material processing on the second battery pack that has been fully discharged and has no recycling value, the recycling mechanism further includes a material recycling device; the inlet of the material recycling device is fixedly installed at the end of the conveyor belt; the material recycling device is used to perform material recycling processing on the fully discharged second battery pack; the material recycling device includes a crusher, a magnetic separator, an eddy current separator, and a smelting furnace connected in sequence; a sealed dust-proof channel is provided between the end of the conveyor belt and the feed inlet of the crusher; thus realizing the material recycling function.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in order to facilitate the automatic ejection of the battery pack placed in the battery placement slot and the battery cooling slot so that the Cartesian coordinate robot can grasp or transfer it to the next process, the following design is provided: a clearance slot is provided on one side of the battery placement slot and the battery cooling slot, and a limit slide rail is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall near the clearance slot. A cylinder is fixedly installed on one opposite side of the clearance slot of the battery placement slot and the battery cooling slot; a pair of limiting guide posts are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the clearance slot; a thermal insulation door is slidably fitted on the pair of limiting guide posts; a return spring is fitted between the outer end of the pair of limiting guide posts and the outer side of the thermal insulation door; a push plate is fixed to the telescopic end of the cylinder; the cylinder is used to push the battery pack from the inner end of the limiting slide rail to the outside; the cylinder pushes the push plate to move the battery pack out of the slot along the limiting slide rail, and at the same time the thermal insulation door automatically opens and closes to prevent heat loss and dust from entering.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the thermal insulation performance and fire safety of the battery placement slot, prevent heat loss and avoid the spread of external fire, the battery placement slot is a double-layer rectangular cylinder structure; its inner layer is a thermal insulation layer and its outer layer is a fireproof protective layer; the thermal insulation layer is made of fireproof and thermal insulation material; the fireproof protective layer is made of high-temperature resistant metal material; reinforcing ribs are uniformly arranged between the inner wall of the fireproof protective layer and the outer wall of the thermal insulation layer; a first sliding track that slides with the bottom surface of the battery pack is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the thermal insulation layer; the internal space of the thermal insulation layer forms a first heat dissipation channel.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure the structural strength, fireproof isolation, and electrical insulation properties of the battery cooling tank, the battery cooling tank is a rectangular cylindrical structure; the shell of the battery cooling tank is a fireproof isolation layer; the fireproof isolation layer is made of high-temperature resistant metal material, and its inner wall is fixed with an insulating layer; the fireproof isolation layer prevents the spread of high temperature or flame, and the insulating layer prevents leakage and electric shock, ensuring the safety of operators; the bottom wall of the battery cooling tank is provided with a second sliding track that cooperates with the battery pack; the internal space of the battery cooling tank forms a second heat dissipation channel; the second heat dissipation channel guides the hot air generated by electric heating to the auxiliary heating channel to realize waste heat recovery.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to force the flow of hot air and improve heat exchange efficiency, fans or blowers are fixedly installed at the air inlets of both the heating channel and the auxiliary heating channel; hot air in the first and second heat dissipation channels is actively drawn into the heating channel and the auxiliary heating channel to prevent heat retention; the air outlet of the auxiliary heating channel is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the heating channel; hot air from both the retesting frame and the recycling mechanism is supplied to the external heating system to improve the total amount of heat energy and utilization rate; the air outlet of the heating channel is fixedly connected to the external heating system; the external heating system includes a heat pump, a phase change heat storage unit, or heating pipes; the recovered heat is used for heating, heat storage, or production processes; waste heat resource utilization is realized, and external energy consumption is reduced.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heating compensation device is fixedly connected between the heating channel and the external heating system; the heating compensation device includes a duct-type auxiliary electric heater, an electric heating boiler, or a gas boiler; its design purpose is to use it as a peak-shaving heat source to ensure the stability and continuity of heating.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves the functions of initial screening, precise retesting, residual energy recovery, and material recycling through the evaluation unit, retesting frame, and recycling mechanism. It not only effectively ensures the quality of products returning to the market, but also safely discharges battery packs that have no further value for reuse but still have residual power to a state where short-circuit heating is almost impossible to trigger. It has the advantages of making full use of the residual power and material value of waste battery packs, reducing uncontrolled heating caused by undischarged batteries and pollution caused by discharge, and improving recycling efficiency by spreading the overall testing cycle.

[0019] 2. The present invention has at least three switchable heating power levels for both the first heating tube and the second heating tube, which can automatically select the discharge power according to the remaining power and internal resistance of the battery pack, thus avoiding thermal runaway caused by high current surge. At the same time, it is designed to combine two hot air streams to send to the external heating system, and a heating compensation device is set at the outlet of the heating channel, which has the advantages of ensuring stable heating, improving discharge safety and efficiently recovering low-grade waste heat. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the overall location of the battery pack recycling device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the battery placement slot and partial placement frame provided by the present invention in the state of moving the battery pack out of the slot; Figure 3 This is a side perspective view of the battery placement slot and partial placement frame provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the battery placement slot and partial placement frame provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cooling tank and partial isolation frame provided by the present invention in the state of removing the battery pack from the tank. Figure 6 A side perspective view of the battery cooling tank and partial isolation frame provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view of the battery cooling tank and partial isolation frame provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack recycling device provided by the present invention. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Evaluation unit; 2. Retesting frame; 3. Recycling mechanism; 4. Battery pack; 5. Conveyor belt; 6. Terminal block assembly; 7. Clearance slot; 8. Limiting slide rail; 9. Cylinder; 10. Limiting guide post; 11. Insulated isolation door; 12. Return spring; 13. Push plate; 201. Placement frame; 202. Charging control module; 203. First residual power recovery module; 204. Data acquisition module; 205. Battery placement slot; 206. Heating channel; 301. Isolation frame; 302. Second residual power recovery module; 303. Battery cooling tank; 304. Auxiliary heating. 305. Material recycling equipment; 401. First battery pack; 402. Second battery pack; 403. Third battery pack; 601. Electric telescopic pole; 602. U-shaped pole; 603. Guide post; 2031. First heating tube; 2051. Insulation layer; 2052. Fireproof protective layer; 2053. Reinforcing rib; 2054. First sliding rail; 2055. First heat dissipation channel; 3021. Second heating tube; 3031. Fireproof isolation layer; 3032. Insulation layer; 3033. Second sliding rail; 3034. Second heat dissipation channel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the battery pack recycling device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes an evaluation unit 1, a retesting frame 2, a recycling mechanism 3, and a conveyor belt 5; its function is to construct a streamlined operation system for evaluation, retesting, conveying, and recycling; the evaluation unit 1 is used to detect the health status of the battery pack 4 to be processed; the evaluation unit 1 includes at least a voltage detection module, an internal resistance detection module, a temperature detection module, and a control module; The voltage detection module is designed to collect the terminal voltage of the battery pack 4 in real time without disassembling or damaging it, and transmit the voltage signal to the control module. This serves as the initial data for determining whether the battery is under-voltage, over-discharged, or within the normal range, and whether there is an obvious short circuit or open circuit fault. The input terminal of the voltage detection module is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 4 via a detection cable. The output terminal of the voltage detection module is electrically connected to the analog input port of the control module. The internal resistance detection module measures the AC or DC internal resistance, injects an AC test signal of a preset frequency into the battery pack 4, measures the phase difference between the response voltage and current, calculates the AC internal resistance value of the battery pack 4, and transmits the internal resistance data to the control module as a key parameter for evaluating the battery's health status. The excitation signal output terminal of the internal resistance detection module is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 4 via a detection cable to inject the AC test signal. The response signal input terminal of the internal resistance detection module is also electrically connected to the terminals of the battery pack 4 to collect the response voltage. The data output terminal of the internal resistance detection module is electrically connected to the communication interface of the control module. The temperature detection module is fixedly installed on the detection station of the evaluation unit 1 to detect abnormal temperature rises that may occur in the battery pack 4 during charging and discharging or after aging. The control module coordinates the timing of each detection module, collects detection data, executes a preset grading algorithm, and sends classification instructions to the Cartesian robot and back-end equipment. The input of the control module is electrically connected to the output of the voltage detection module, internal resistance detection module, and temperature detection module, respectively. The control signal output of the control module is electrically connected to the Cartesian robot, the drive motor of the conveyor belt, the charging control module, and other equipment. In order to obtain the health status of the battery pack 4 that needs to be accurately evaluated, and to provide it with charging, data acquisition and residual power recovery stations, a retesting frame 2 is designed. The retesting frame 2 performs a full charge and discharge test. The retesting frame 2 includes a placement frame 201, a charging control module 202, a first residual power recovery module 203 and a data acquisition module 204. Battery placement slots 205 are evenly arrayed on the placement frame 201. The battery pack 4 is placed inside the battery placement slots 205, and the charging control module 202, the first residual power recovery module 203 and the data acquisition module 204 are fixedly installed near the inner wall of the battery pack 4. Block 204; The rear end of the battery placement slot 205 is fixedly connected to a heating channel 206, and a check valve is installed inside it; Its function is to provide a batch retesting station, and to perform charging management and residual power recovery during the retesting process, and to centrally export the heat generated by the discharge to provide air at a temperature higher than room temperature for the external heating system; Taking advantage of the long testing time, it can perform parallel multi-station centralized testing and centrally recover and utilize the generated heat energy, which has the advantages of distributing the overall testing cycle, thereby significantly reducing the average equivalent time of a single battery and improving the recycling efficiency; The check valve is used to prevent the backflow of hot air; In order to classify and recycle the waste battery packs 4 that will not return to the market for secondary use based on their value and materials, and to centrally recover and cool the remaining battery packs 4 with residual power, a recycling mechanism 3 is designed. The recycling mechanism 3 includes an isolation frame 301, a second residual power recovery module 302, and a battery cooling tank 303. The second residual power recovery module 302 and the battery cooling tank 303 are evenly arrayed on the isolation frame 301. The battery packs 4 are placed inside the battery cooling tank 303. The rear end of the battery cooling tank 303 is fixedly connected to an auxiliary heating channel 304, and a check valve is installed inside it. Its function is to first move each battery pack 4 in the recycling mechanism 3 to the secondary residual energy recycling area or the material recycling area, which are the battery transfer rack 3011 and the battery waste rack 3012, respectively. At the same time, the battery waste rack 3012 is used to provide a channel station for residual energy recycling. The battery discharge temperature is controlled by the cooling tank, and the generated heat is discharged through the auxiliary heating channel to provide air at a slightly higher temperature than room temperature to the external heating system. This avoids the problems of uncontrolled heat generation and pollution caused by discharge. That is, the second battery pack 402 used for material recycling is fully discharged before material recycling. In order to utilize the residual electrical energy of the battery pack 4, it is designed to directly heat the residual electricity; the battery pack 4 is electrically connected to the first residual electricity recovery module 203 or the second residual electricity recovery module 302 to supply power to it; a conveyor belt 5 is provided between the retesting frame 2 and the recycling mechanism 3; an evaluation unit 1 is fixedly installed at the upstream end of the conveyor belt 5.

[0023] Among them, such as Figure 1As shown, in order to realize the automated picking, placing, sorting and conveying of battery packs between different workstations, a Cartesian coordinate robot is also included; at least three Cartesian coordinate robots are fixedly installed on the conveyor belt 5. Each Cartesian coordinate robot is used to grab the battery packs 4 on the conveyor belt 5 and transfer them to the evaluation unit 1, the retesting rack 2 and the recycling mechanism 3 respectively; its function is to automatically transfer the undisassembled battery packs 4 from the conveyor belt 5 to the evaluation unit 1 or the retesting rack 2 or the recycling mechanism 3, thereby improving sorting efficiency and accuracy. To separate the evaluated battery packs 4 into two categories—residual energy recovery and material recovery—the isolation rack 301 includes a row of battery transfer racks 3011 and a row of battery waste racks 3012, respectively installed on both sides of the conveyor belt 5. Each battery transfer rack 3011 has a battery cooling tank 303 containing a first battery pack 401 for residual energy recovery, and each battery waste rack 3012 has a battery cooling tank 303 containing a second battery pack 402 for material recovery. The bottom of each battery transfer rack 3011 is fixedly equipped with locking casters. These casters facilitate flexible movement and maintenance of the battery transfer rack 3011, enabling mobility and easy on-site layout adjustments. The first battery pack 401, selected from four options for repeated energy storage and residual energy recovery, is centrally managed. Since this first battery pack 401 requires multiple and long-term use, the battery transfer rack 3011 is designed with mobility to facilitate its transfer to an adjacent or nearby dedicated facility for centralized management. The battery waste rack 3012 only needs to temporarily store the second battery pack 402 during discharge. Because the second battery pack 402 generally does not reach full charge, its discharge time is not long, usually not exceeding a few hours. The purpose of the battery transfer rack 3011 and battery waste rack 3012 is to achieve classified temporary storage of batteries, avoid cross-contamination, and provide material preparation for different subsequent processing paths. The retesting rack 2 holds a third battery pack 403 awaiting precise evaluation. This third battery pack 403 was initially selected by the evaluation unit 1 and deemed to have high value, thus undergoing retesting. If it passes the retest, it can be returned to the market; otherwise, it is reclassified as part of the first battery pack 401 for secondary use. Simultaneously, to fully utilize renewable energy, solar and wind power curtailment is used to charge the battery packs, reducing the electricity cost of recycling and avoiding energy waste. The charging control module 202 and the charging input terminals of the first battery pack 401 are electrically connected to the curtailment output terminals of the renewable energy power generation system, which includes a solar power generation system and / or a wind power generation system. The first battery pack 403... The discharge output terminal of battery 01 is electrically connected to an AC power grid, a DC bus, or at least one terminal load; it absorbs low-priced or zero-priced abandoned electricity, provides charging power for the third battery pack that needs to be recharged and retested, and also stores energy to replenish the first battery pack 401 before recovering residual energy; it can also select grid-connected power supply, DC microgrid power supply, or direct drive of local loads according to actual needs, improving the flexibility of residual power utilization; wherein, the charging control module 202 is used to control the charging status of the third battery pack 403; the discharge output terminal of the first battery pack 401 is connected in series with the AC power grid, and is connected in series with the DC bus with a DC / DC converter, and is connected in series with the terminal load with a voltage protection module or directly electrically connected.

[0024] Among them, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, in order to convert the residual electrical energy of the third battery pack 403 into heat energy and realize residual energy recovery, the first residual energy recovery module 203 includes a uniformly arrayed first heating tube 2031; the first heating tube 2031 is fixedly installed inside the heating channel 206; the positive and negative terminals of each third battery pack 403 are electrically connected to the two ends of a corresponding independent first heating tube 2031; the electrical energy is directly converted into heat through resistance heating to heat the air in the heating channel, realizing electrothermal conversion; in order to monitor the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of the third battery pack 403 in real time during the discharge process, so as to more accurately assess its true health status, each third battery pack 403 is also electrically connected to a data acquisition module 204; collect the dynamic response data of the battery during the discharge process, and provide a quantitative basis for health status retesting; In order to convert the residual electrical energy of the second battery pack 402 into heat energy and realize the recovery of residual energy, the second residual energy recovery module 302 includes a uniformly arrayed array of second heating tubes 3021; ​​each second heating tube 3021 is fixedly installed inside the auxiliary heating channel 304; the positive and negative terminals of each second battery pack 402 are electrically connected to the two ends of a corresponding independent second heating tube 3021; ​​the energy of the second battery pack 402 that is determined to be scrapped but still has residual power is converted into hot air through the second heating tubes 3021 for use by the external heating system; each second battery pack 402 is also electrically connected to a voltage acquisition module for real-time voltage monitoring; the terminal voltage of the second battery pack 402 is monitored in real time during the discharge process, and the circuit is automatically cut off when the voltage drops to a preset discharge termination threshold to ensure discharge safety; Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, in order to perform final material processing on the second battery pack 402 that has been fully discharged and has no recycling value, the recycling mechanism 3 also includes a material recycling device 305; the inlet of the material recycling device 305 is fixedly installed at the end of the conveyor belt 5; the material recycling device 305 is used to perform material recycling processing on the second battery pack 402 that has been fully discharged; the material recycling device 305 includes a crusher, a magnetic separator, an eddy current separator and a smelting furnace connected in sequence; a sealed dust-proof channel is provided between the end of the conveyor belt 5 and the feed inlet of the crusher; thus realizing the material recycling function.

[0025] Example 2 A more preferred technical solution based on Embodiment 1 is as follows: In order to automatically adapt the discharge power according to the remaining battery power and internal resistance state and avoid thermal runaway caused by large current surge, multiple heating tubes with different power levels are designed; the first heating tube 2031 and the second heating tube 3021 each have at least three switchable heating power levels, namely first-level heating power, second-level heating power and third-level heating power; the purpose of this design is to achieve graded discharge, using high power level for fast discharge of batteries with high power and low internal resistance, and using low power level for safe discharge of batteries with low power and high internal resistance.

[0026] Among them, such as Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, in order to automatically connect and disconnect the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 4 from the second residual power recovery module 302 of the external circuit, the inner top walls of the battery placement slot 205 and the battery cooling slot 303 are equipped with terminal assembly 6 for controlling the circuit connection and disconnection. The purpose is to automate the circuit connection and disconnection by electrically controlling the extension and retraction of the terminal to contact or detach from the battery terminals, thus avoiding the safety risks caused by manual wiring; that is, to control the connection and disconnection status of the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 4 from the terminal 603. The data acquisition module 204 on the placement frame 201 also detects it through the terminal assembly 6, and the data acquisition module 204 and the charging control module 202 can be detected and charged separately, and each is equipped with an electric control switch. The terminal assembly 6 includes an electric telescopic rod 601, a U-shaped rod 602, and a conductor post 603; the telescopic end of each electric telescopic rod 601 is fixedly installed at the top center of the U-shaped rod 602; a conductor post 603 is fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of each U-shaped rod 602; and each conductor post 603 is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 4.

[0027] Example 3 A more preferred technical solution based on Embodiment 1 is as follows: Figures 2 to 8 As shown, in order to facilitate the automatic ejection of the battery pack 4 placed in the battery placement slot 205 and the battery cooling slot 303 so that the Cartesian coordinate robot can grasp or transfer it to the next process, the following design is provided: a clearance slot 7 is provided on one side of both the battery placement slot 205 and the battery cooling slot 303, and a limit slide rail 8 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall near the clearance slot. Among them, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a cylinder 9 is fixedly installed on one opposite side of the clearance slot 7 of the battery placement slot 205 and the battery cooling slot 303; a pair of limiting guide posts 10 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the clearance slot 7; a thermal insulation door 11 is slidably fitted on the pair of limiting guide posts 10; a return spring 12 is fitted between the outer end of the pair of limiting guide posts 10 and the outer side of the thermal insulation door 11; a push plate 13 is fixed to the telescopic end of the cylinder 9; the cylinder 9 is used to push the battery pack 4 from the inner end of the limiting slide rail 8 to the outside; the cylinder 9 pushes the push plate 13 to move the battery pack 4 out of the slot along the limiting slide rail 8, and at the same time the thermal insulation door 11 automatically opens and closes to prevent heat loss and dust from entering.

[0028] Among them, such as Figure 4As shown, to improve the thermal insulation performance and fire safety of the battery placement tank, prevent heat loss, and avoid the spread of external fire, the battery placement tank 205 has a double-layer rectangular cylindrical structure; its inner layer is an insulation layer 2051, and its outer layer is a fireproof protective layer 2052; the insulation layer 2051 is made of fireproof and thermal insulation material; the fireproof protective layer 2052 is made of high-temperature resistant metal material; reinforcing ribs 2053 are evenly arranged between the inner wall of the fireproof protective layer 2052 and the outer wall of the insulation layer 2051; the insulation layer... A first sliding track 2054 is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the 2051 and slides with the bottom surface of the battery pack 4; the internal space of the insulation layer 2051 forms a first heat dissipation channel 2055; the insulation layer 2051 reduces heat loss to improve heat recovery efficiency, the high temperature resistant metal material of the fireproof protective layer 2052 plays a fireproof isolation role, and the middle reinforcing rib 2053 enhances the structural strength; the first heat dissipation channel 2055 guides the hot air generated by electric heating to the heating channel to realize the centralized output of hot air.

[0029] Among them, such as Figure 7 As shown, to ensure the structural strength, fireproof isolation, and electrical insulation properties of the battery cooling tank 303, the battery cooling tank 303 has a rectangular cylindrical structure; the shell of the battery cooling tank 303 is a fireproof isolation layer 3031; the fireproof isolation layer 3031 is made of high-temperature resistant metal material, and its inner wall is fixed with an insulating layer 3032; the fireproof isolation layer 3031 prevents the spread of high temperature or flame, and the insulating layer 3032 prevents leakage and electric shock, ensuring the safety of operators; the inner bottom wall of the battery cooling tank 303 is provided with a second sliding rail 3033 that cooperates with the battery pack 4; the internal space of the battery cooling tank 303 forms a second heat dissipation channel 3034; the second heat dissipation channel 3034 guides the hot air generated by electric heating to the auxiliary heating channel to realize waste heat recovery.

[0030] In order to force the flow of hot air and improve heat exchange efficiency, fans or blowers are fixedly installed at the air inlets of the heating channel 206 and the auxiliary heating channel 304. The hot air in the first heat dissipation channel 2055 and the second heat dissipation channel 3034 is actively drawn into the heating channel and the auxiliary heating channel to prevent heat retention. The air outlet of the auxiliary heating channel 304 is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the heating channel 206. The hot air from the retesting frame 2 and the recycling mechanism 3 are supplied to the external heating system to improve the total amount of heat energy and utilization rate. The air outlet of the heating channel 206 is fixedly connected to the external heating system. The external heating system includes a heat pump, a phase change heat storage unit, or heating pipelines. The recovered heat is used for heating, heat storage, or production processes to realize the utilization of waste heat resources and reduce external energy consumption.

[0031] In order to supplement the heat to meet the needs of the external heating system when the temperature or heat output from the heating channel 206 is insufficient, a heating compensation device is fixedly connected between the heating channel 206 and the external heating system. The heating compensation device includes a duct-type auxiliary electric heater, an electric heating boiler, or a gas boiler. Its function is to serve as a peak-shaving heat source to ensure the stability and continuity of heating.

[0032] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Apparatus for recycling storage batteries, comprising an evaluation unit (1) for detecting the state of health of storage batteries (4) to be treated, characterized in that, It also includes a retesting frame (2) and a recycling mechanism (3); The retesting frame (2) includes a placement frame (201); battery placement slots (205) are evenly arrayed on the placement frame (201), a battery pack (4) is placed inside the battery placement slot (205), and a charging control module (202), a first residual power recovery module (203) and a data acquisition module (204) are fixedly installed near the inner wall of the battery pack (4); a heating channel (206) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the battery placement slot (205). The recycling mechanism (3) includes an isolation frame (301); a second residual power recovery module (302) and a battery cooling tank (303) are evenly arrayed on the isolation frame (301), and a battery pack (4) is placed inside the battery cooling tank (303); an auxiliary heating channel (304) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the battery cooling tank (303). The battery pack (4) is electrically connected to the first residual power recovery module (203) or the second residual power recovery module (302) to supply power to it; A conveyor belt (5) is provided between the retesting frame (2) and the recycling mechanism (3); an evaluation unit (1) is fixedly installed at the upstream end of the conveyor belt (5).

2. The storage battery recycling device according to claim 1, further comprising a Cartesian robot; characterized by, At least three Cartesian robots are fixedly installed on the conveyor belt (5). Each Cartesian robot is used to grab the battery pack (4) on the conveyor belt (5) and transfer it to the evaluation unit (1), the retesting frame (2) and the recycling mechanism (3) respectively. The isolation frame (301) includes a row of battery transfer frames (3011) and a row of battery waste frames (3012) installed on both sides of the conveyor belt (5). The battery cooling tank (303) on each battery transfer frame (3011) contains a first battery pack (401) for residual energy recovery. The battery cooling tank (303) on each battery waste frame (3012) contains a second battery pack (402) for material recovery. The retesting frame (2) holds a third battery pack (403) to be precisely evaluated; the charging input terminals of the charging control module (202) and the first battery pack (401) are electrically connected to the power curtailment output terminal of the renewable energy power generation system, which includes a photovoltaic power generation system and / or a wind power generation system; the discharge output terminal of the first battery pack (401) is electrically connected to an AC power grid, a DC bus or at least one terminal power load.

3. The storage battery recycling device according to claim 2, wherein The first residual power recovery module (203) includes a uniformly arrayed first heating tube (2031); the first heating tube (2031) is fixedly installed inside the heating channel (206); the positive and negative terminals of each of the third battery packs (403) are electrically connected to the two ends of a corresponding independent first heating tube (2031); each of the third battery packs (403) is also electrically connected to a data acquisition module (204). The second residual power recovery module (302) includes a uniformly arrayed array of second heating tubes (3021); each of the second heating tubes (3021) is fixedly installed inside the auxiliary heating channel (304); the positive and negative terminals of each of the second battery packs (402) are electrically connected to the two ends of a corresponding independent second heating tube (3021); each of the second battery packs (402) is also electrically connected to a voltage acquisition module for real-time voltage monitoring; The first heating tube (2031) and the second heating tube (3021) each have at least three switchable heating power levels, namely, first-level heating power, second-level heating power and third-level heating power.

4. The storage battery recycling device according to claim 2, wherein The inner top walls of the battery placement slot (205) and the battery cooling slot (303) are each provided with terminal assembly (6) for controlling the on / off state of the circuit. The terminal assembly (6) includes an electric telescopic rod (601), a U-shaped rod (602), and a lead post (603); the telescopic end of each electric telescopic rod (601) is fixedly installed at the top center of the U-shaped rod (602); lead posts (603) are fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of each U-shaped rod (602); each lead post (603) is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack (4).

5. The storage battery recycling device as defined in claim 2, wherein The recycling mechanism (3) also includes a material recycling device (305); the inlet of the material recycling device (305) is fixedly installed at the end of the conveyor belt (5); the material recycling device (305) includes a crusher, a magnetic separator, an eddy current separator and a smelting furnace connected in sequence; a sealed dust prevention channel is provided between the end of the conveyor belt (5) and the feed inlet of the crusher.

6. The storage battery recycling device as defined in claim 1, wherein Both the battery placement slot (205) and the battery cooling slot (303) have a clearance slot (7) on one side, and both have a limit slide rail (8) fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall near the clearance slot. A cylinder (9) is fixedly installed on one opposite side of the clearance slot (7) of the battery placement slot (205) and the battery cooling slot (303); a pair of limiting guide posts (10) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the clearance slot (7); a thermal insulation door (11) is slidably fitted on the pair of limiting guide posts (10); a return spring (12) is fitted between the outer end of the pair of limiting guide posts (10) and the outer side of the thermal insulation door (11); a push plate (13) is fixed to the telescopic end of the cylinder (9); the cylinder (9) is used to push the battery pack (4) from the inner end of the limiting slide rail (8) to the outside.

7. The storage battery recycling device as defined in claim 1, wherein The battery placement slot (205) is a double-layer rectangular tube structure; its inner layer is a heat insulation layer (2051), and its outer layer is a fireproof protective layer (2052); the heat insulation layer (2051) is made of fireproof heat insulation material; the fireproof protective layer (2052) is made of high-temperature resistant metal material; reinforcing ribs (2053) are evenly arranged between the inner wall of the fireproof protective layer (2052) and the outer wall of the heat insulation layer (2051); a first sliding track (2054) is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the heat insulation layer (2051) and slides with the bottom surface of the battery pack (4); the internal space of the heat insulation layer (2051) forms a first heat dissipation channel (2055).

8. The storage battery recycling device as defined in claim 7, wherein The battery cooling tank (303) is a rectangular cylindrical structure; the shell of the battery cooling tank (303) is a fireproof isolation layer (3031); the fireproof isolation layer (3031) is made of high-temperature resistant metal material, and its inner wall is fixed with an insulating layer (3032); the bottom wall of the battery cooling tank (303) is provided with a second sliding track (3033) that cooperates with the battery pack (4); the internal space of the battery cooling tank (303) forms a second heat dissipation channel (3034).

9. The storage battery recycling device as defined in claim 8, wherein A fan or blower is fixedly installed at the air inlet of both the heating channel (206) and the auxiliary heating channel (304); the air outlet of the auxiliary heating channel (304) is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the heating channel (206); the air outlet of the heating channel (206) is fixedly connected to an external heating system; the external heating system includes a heat pump, a phase change heat storage unit, or a heating pipeline.

10. The storage battery recycling device as defined in claim 9, wherein The heating channel (206) is also fixedly connected to the external heating system by a heating compensation device; the heating compensation device includes a duct-type auxiliary electric heater, an electric heating boiler, or a gas boiler.

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