Stacked energy storage device and energy storage system based on lead-carbon battery

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of energy storage technology, and particularly relates to a stacked energy storage device and system based on lead-carbon batteries. The stacked energy storage device includes at least a top stacked energy storage compartment and a bottom stacked energy storage compartment, both of which house energy storage battery packs. The top stacked energy storage compartment also houses a heat dissipation device, and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment houses an electrical control device. The bottom and top stacked energy storage compartments share the heat dissipation device and electrical control device after being stacked from bottom to top. The energy storage system includes an energy storage module, a transmission module, and a power consumption module. The energy storage module includes at least one of the aforementioned stacked energy storage devices. This structure can significantly reduce the height of the subsequent stacking structure while also saving on usage and maintenance costs. Furthermore, by sharing the heat dissipation device located at the top, it can avoid interference from the external high-temperature environment on the internal temperature of the top stacked energy storage compartment, thus possessing certain market value and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage technology, and particularly relates to a stacked energy storage device and energy storage system based on lead-carbon batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of renewable energy and the implementation of peak-valley electricity pricing policies, the demand for industrial and commercial energy storage systems is growing. Lead-carbon batteries have broad application prospects in the field of industrial and commercial energy storage due to their advantages such as low cost, high safety, long cycle life, and mature recycling system. However, when deploying industrial and commercial energy storage systems, on the one hand, many industrial and commercial sites (such as old factories, basements, data center mezzanines, etc.) have limited door openings, passages, or freight elevator sizes, making it impossible to fit standard integrated large energy storage cabinets as a whole, thus hindering the deployment plan; on the other hand, in order to achieve a practical capacity (such as 200kWh or more), lead-carbon battery systems are extremely heavy, and the overall installation relies on large hoisting equipment and a spacious working space, which places stringent requirements on site conditions and significantly increases installation costs and time.

[0003] In response, various types of stacked energy storage devices have been designed. For example, invention patent CN112968530 B discloses an energy storage device and system, which discloses a stacked design for energy storage compartments. However, its shortcomings are as follows: (1) Increased overall height and limited applicable scenarios: In order to achieve centralized power conversion and bottom load bearing, the energy storage converter (PCS) is integrated into a dedicated energy storage converter compartment and placed at the bottom. Under the same energy storage conditions, the overall height of the energy storage device is significantly increased, making it difficult for the energy storage device to be used in places with limited installation height, resulting in poor versatility and scenario adaptability. (2) Independent heat dissipation configuration, high system cost: Each energy storage battery compartment adopts an independent heat dissipation design. Each compartment needs to be equipped with heat dissipation equipment and heat dissipation circuits separately. The heat dissipation system is not integrated and shared, resulting in redundant heat dissipation devices, increased energy consumption and equipment investment costs, which is not conducive to reducing the overall cost of the system. Moreover, in high temperature environment, the temperature of the energy storage battery compartment at the top is significantly higher than that at the bottom, which significantly increases the heat dissipation cost of the energy storage battery compartment at the top. (3) The conductors are gathered from top to bottom to the energy storage converter compartment, which makes the conductor layout structure complex and costly. The multi-layer energy storage battery compartment, which is stacked higher on top of the energy storage converter compartment, requires its power conductors and control conductors to be gathered downwards to connect to the bottom energy storage converter compartment. The conductor path is longer, the wiring distance is farther, and the wiring difficulty is greater. This not only increases the amount of conductors used and the construction cost, but also makes it difficult to maintain and troubleshoot later.

[0004] Based on the above analysis, there is an urgent need for an energy storage device that integrates rapid deployment, secure connection, easy maintenance, and low-cost deployment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a stacked energy storage device and system based on lead-carbon batteries, which aims to solve the shortcomings of existing stacked energy storage devices, such as limited application scenarios due to increased height, high heat dissipation costs, and complicated and costly wiring.

[0006] This solution provides a stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries, including at least a top stacked energy storage compartment and a bottom stacked energy storage compartment. Both the top and bottom stacked energy storage compartments have built-in energy storage battery packs. The top stacked energy storage compartment also has built-in heat dissipation equipment, and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment also has built-in electrical control equipment. The bottom and top stacked energy storage compartments share the heat dissipation equipment and the electrical control equipment after being stacked from bottom to top.

[0007] As the preferred embodiment of this application: The bottom wall of the top stacked energy storage compartment and the top wall of the bottom stacked energy storage compartment are each provided with a corresponding guide positioning groove and multiple perforations. The guide positioning grooves are respectively arranged to cooperate with the positioning components to limit and lock the top stacked energy storage compartment and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment. The multiple perforations are used to introduce the conductive components and air ducts in the top stacked energy storage compartment into the bottom stacked energy storage compartment, thereby realizing the sharing of the heat dissipation equipment and the electrical control equipment.

[0008] As the preferred embodiment of this application: The plurality of perforations include wire perforations, air duct perforations, and copper busbar perforations.

[0009] As the preferred embodiment of this application: The heat dissipation device includes a wall-mounted air conditioner, an air inlet duct, and an air return duct. One end of the air inlet duct and the air return duct are respectively connected to the positive pressure port and the negative pressure port of the wall-mounted air conditioner, and the other end passes through the air duct perforation and is located in two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments. The air inlet duct and the air return duct are located on opposite sides of the energy storage battery pack, and air vents are provided on the air inlet duct and the air return duct to face each layer of energy storage battery pack.

[0010] As the preferred embodiment of this application: A copper busbar isolation column and an air duct guide pipe are provided. The copper busbar isolation column is an axially through hollow structure that can be inserted into the copper busbar through hole to form an insulating protective channel through which the upper and lower series copper busbars of two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments can be connected. The air duct guide pipe can be inserted into the corresponding air duct through hole to form a guide channel through which the air duct of the heat dissipation equipment can pass.

[0011] As the preferred embodiment of this application: The positioning component includes an integrally formed mounting base plate, an upper insertion section, and a lower insertion section. The upper insertion section and the lower insertion section are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the mounting base plate. At the same time, the upper insertion section and the lower insertion end are rotary structures that extend from the mounting base plate to the free end and are adapted to the guide positioning groove. At least one slot is provided around the surface of the rotary structure.

[0012] As the preferred embodiment of this application: At least one intermediate stacking energy storage compartment is provided between the bottom stacking energy storage compartment and the top stacking energy storage compartment. The intermediate stacking energy storage compartment has a built-in energy storage battery pack. The top and bottom walls of the intermediate stacking energy storage compartment are respectively provided with guide positioning grooves and multiple perforations that are connected to and communicate with the bottom stacking energy storage compartment and the top stacking energy storage compartment, so that the heat dissipation equipment and the electrical control equipment can be shared after the stacking is completed.

[0013] As the preferred embodiment of this application: When the interstitial stacked energy storage compartments comprise multiple compartments, each compartment is stacked sequentially from bottom to top. Adjacent stacked energy storage compartments are locked together by corresponding guide positioning grooves and guide components. Meanwhile, the heat dissipation equipment and the electrical control equipment are shared through multiple interconnected perforations.

[0014] As the preferred embodiment of this application: The energy storage battery pack is installed inside the cell compartment, and a fire compartment is provided at the top of the cell compartment. The fire compartment is equipped with a fire-fighting integrated module that can be detachably installed through a standardized docking interface group, which is used to detect fires, provide early warnings, and extinguish fires for the energy storage battery pack inside the cell compartment.

[0015] This solution also provides an energy storage system, including: The energy storage module comprises an energy storage module, a transmission module, and a power consumption module, wherein the energy storage module supplies electrical energy to the power consumption module through the transmission module; the energy storage module includes at least one of the stacked energy storage devices described above.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) All stacked energy storage compartments are energy storage battery compartments. Electrical control equipment is placed in the bottom stacked energy storage compartment at the bottom and shared. This improves the stability of the later stacked structure and eliminates the need to expand the energy storage compartment for separate storage of electrical control equipment. This significantly reduces the height of the later stacked structure and improves the versatility and practicality of the energy storage device. In addition, due to the reduced stacking height, the wire length can be effectively reduced compared to the existing technology, saving the cost of consumables.

[0017] (2) In this scheme, multiple stacked energy storage compartments share the heat dissipation equipment set in the top stacked energy storage compartment. On the one hand, it saves the cost of use and maintenance, and on the other hand, it can avoid the interference of the external high temperature environment on the internal temperature of the top stacked energy storage compartment. Specifically, according to the principle of airflow friction loss, the wind speed and wind pressure are usually greater near the air conditioning vent than far from the air conditioning vent. Therefore, this energy storage structure turns the airflow friction loss from a disadvantage to an advantage, effectively improving the temperature consistency of each stacked energy storage compartment.

[0018] (3) The wiring and ductwork are installed inside the stacked energy storage compartment through perforations, which enhances the integration and compactness of the energy storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the energy storage device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the top-stacked energy storage compartment provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the top-stacked energy storage compartment provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the bottom-stacked energy storage compartment provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bottom-stacked energy storage compartment provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the energy storage device provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This invention provides Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal air duct layout structure of the energy storage device provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning component provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 Provided by the present invention Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the air duct guide pipe provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the copper busbar isolation column provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the triple-stacked energy storage device provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure Labels

[0033] 1-Top stacked energy storage compartment; 2-Sealed door; 3-Hinge; 4-EMS touch screen; 5-Heat dissipation louvers; 6-Bottom stacked energy storage compartment; 7-Air duct perforation; 8-Copper busbar perforation; 9-Wire perforation; 10-Guide positioning groove; 11-Fire protection integrated module; 12-BMS slave control module; 13-Internal copper busbar; 14-Terminal; 15-Energy storage battery pack; 16-Upper and lower series copper busbars; 17-Copper busbar isolation column; 18-Positioning component; 181-Mounting base plate; 182-Upper plug-in section; 183-Lower plug-in section; 184-Card slot; 19-Series wire; 20-Wire retainer; 21-Sealing gasket; 22-BMS main control module; 23-Energy storage converter; 24-Air conditioner; 25-Inlet duct; 26-Return duct; 27-Air duct guide pipe; 28-Raised edge; 30-Intermediate stacked energy storage compartment. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1: This embodiment provides a stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries. See [link to documentation]. Figure 1-5The device includes at least a top stacked energy storage compartment 1 and a bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6. As the name suggests, the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 is placed at the bottom of the stacked structure and is in direct contact with the foundation. The top stacked energy storage compartment 1 is the topmost part of the stacked structure. It is understood that, to avoid the accumulation of rainwater, the top of the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 is preferably an inclined structure (sloping). Both the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 have closed doors 2 fixed by hinges 3 on their walls. At the same time, both the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 have built-in energy storage battery packs 15. Preferably, each stacked energy storage compartment has five standardized lead-carbon battery packs, which are connected in series by internal copper busbars 13 to form a battery pack. The top stacked energy storage compartment 1 also has built-in heat dissipation equipment (heat dissipation devices are provided on the compartment wall at the position corresponding to the heat dissipation equipment). (Leaf 5) The bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 also has built-in electrical control equipment. After the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 and the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 are stacked from bottom to top, the two share heat dissipation equipment and electrical control equipment. That is, after the stacking is completed, the serial wire 19 in the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 enters the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 and connects with the electrical control equipment located in the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 to form an electrical detection system. In addition, the air duct in the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 extends to the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 for synchronous temperature control. It can be understood that in this embodiment, perforations that allow the serial wire 19 and air duct to pass through should be provided on any compartment wall of the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6. Furthermore, the serial wire 19 and the air duct can either run continuously inside the stacked energy storage compartment or extend to the outside of the upper stacked energy storage compartment and then pass through the adjacent compartment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the electrical control equipment preferably includes a battery management system (BMS), a power storage converter (PCS) 23, and an EMS touchscreen 4. The battery management system includes a BMS slave module 12 and a BMS master module 22. The BMS slave module 12 is installed on each layer of energy storage battery pack 15, and the BMS master module 22 and the power storage converter (PCS) 23 are installed in the electrical compartment. The EMS touchscreen 4 is preferably installed on the closed door 2 of the top stacked energy storage compartment 1. Of course, it can also be installed on the closed door 2 of the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6, depending on the overall height of the stacking device, for the purpose of facilitating operation.

[0037] In this embodiment, a sealing gasket 21 is preferably provided between two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments to achieve a sealed connection between adjacent energy storage compartments, prevent air leakage in the air duct and intrusion of external debris, and at the same time play a role in buffering and shock absorption and compensating for assembly gaps.

[0038] In this embodiment, the series conductor 19 and the air duct are preferably continuously connected inside the stacked energy storage compartment. This arrangement effectively enhances the integration and compactness of the energy storage device. Specifically, the bottom wall of the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 and the top wall of the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 are each provided with a corresponding guide positioning groove 10 and multiple through holes. The guide positioning groove 10 is located at the four corner areas of each wall and, in conjunction with the positioning component 18, can limit and lock the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6, further improving the stability of the stacked structure. Figure 6-7 As shown; multiple perforations are used to introduce conductive components and air ducts from the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 into the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6, thereby enabling the heat dissipation equipment and electrical control equipment to be shared. In this embodiment, the multiple perforations preferably include wire perforations 9, air duct perforations 7, and copper busbar perforations 8.

[0039] like Figure 9-10 The diagram shows the structure of the positioning component 18 provided in this embodiment. The positioning component 18 includes an integrally formed mounting base plate 181, an upper insertion section 182, and a lower insertion section 183. The mounting base plate 181 is a flat plate structure with a thickness of approximately 1-2 cm. The upper insertion section 182 and the lower insertion section 183 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the mounting base plate 181 relative to its central axis. The upper insertion section 182 and the lower insertion section are rotating structures extending from the mounting base plate 181 to a free end and adapted to the guide positioning groove 10. At least one slot 184 is provided around the surface of the rotating structure. In this embodiment, the rotating structure is preferably conical. The slot 184 is preferably located near the mounting base plate 181. It is understood that the guide positioning... The structure of the slot 10 should correspond to the rotating body structure and should be provided with a protruding ridge that can engage with the slot 184. In use, the positioning member 18 first engages with the guide positioning groove 10 of the stacked energy storage compartment located below through the lower insertion section 183, and then the stacked energy storage compartment located above (which is the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 in this embodiment) is hoisted so that the guide positioning groove 10 on it engages with the upper insertion section 182 to complete the stacking arrangement of the two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments. Through the engagement of the protruding ridge with the slot 184 and the synergistic effect of the insertion section and the positioning groove, the stacked structure can be effectively fixed without the need to add additional external fixing structures such as locks. Preferably, a sealing gasket 21 is provided between the two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments, and the thickness of the sealing gasket 21 is equal to or slightly greater than the thickness of the mounting base plate 181.

[0040] The conductive component includes series wires 19 and upper and lower series copper busbars 16. Each energy storage battery pack 15 within the stacked energy storage compartment is connected in series via corresponding internal copper busbars 13 to form a battery group. Battery groups in adjacent stacked energy storage compartments are connected in series via upper and lower series copper busbars. In this embodiment, the upper and lower series copper busbars 16 are elongated structures with bolt holes at both ends for connection to battery pack terminals 14. The upper and lower series copper busbars 16 can simultaneously pass through copper busbar through-holes 8 located on adjacent stacked energy storage compartments, and both ends are connected to the corresponding terminals 14 on the battery groups in the adjacent stacked energy storage compartments via bolts, achieving the purpose of series connection of the battery groups. The battery groups in the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 are connected to electrical control equipment via series wires 19 passing through wire through-holes 9 on adjacent stacked energy storage compartments. To facilitate wire management, wire fasteners 20 are preferably provided on the compartment walls. Figure 6 As shown.

[0041] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation device includes a wall-mounted air conditioner 24, an air inlet duct 25, and a return air duct 26. One end of the air inlet duct 25 and the return air duct 26 are respectively connected to the positive pressure port and negative pressure port of the wall-mounted air conditioner 24, and the other end passes through the air duct perforation 7 and is located in two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments. Cooling airflow is provided to the two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments through the air inlet duct 25, and the heat-exchanged airflow is returned to the air conditioner 24 through the return air duct 26 for internal circulation. In order to improve the cooling effect, it is preferable that the air inlet duct 25 and the return air duct 26 are connected to the wall-mounted air conditioner 24. The air ducts 26 are located on opposite sides of the energy storage battery pack 15, and air inlets corresponding to each layer of the energy storage battery pack 15 are provided on the inlet air duct 25 and the return air duct 26. That is, the airflow blows directly from one side of the energy storage battery pack 15 to the other. The cooling airflow generated by the air conditioner 24 is evenly distributed to multiple completely parallel air ducts, flowing independently and at equal pressure through each energy storage battery pack 15 for heat exchange. The airflow after heat exchange is located on the return air duct 26 side and is drawn back under negative pressure. Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the internal air duct layout structure of the energy storage device provided in this embodiment.

[0042] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the adjustment of air volume, it is preferable to provide an air volume adjustment plate (not shown in the figure) at the air outlet of the air inlet duct 25 and the air outlet duct 26. The air volume adjustment plate can be fixed to the duct wall by bolts or the like. By adjusting the air volume adjustment plate, the opening of the air outlet can be adjusted to meet the required wind speed, air volume, etc., and further ensure that the wind speed and air volume entering each stacked energy storage compartment are as similar as possible, thereby improving the consistency of cooling of each energy storage battery pack.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, a copper busbar isolation column 17 and an air duct guide pipe 27 are provided. The copper busbar isolation column 17 is an axially through hollow structure that can be inserted into the copper busbar through hole 8 to form an insulating protective channel through which the upper and lower series copper busbars 16 of two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments can be connected. The air duct guide pipe 27 can be inserted into the corresponding air duct through hole 7 to form a guide channel through which the air duct of the heat dissipation equipment can pass.

[0044] like Figure 11-12 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the copper busbar isolation column 17 and the air duct guide pipe 27 provided in this embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, both the copper busbar isolation column 17 and the air duct guide pipe 27 are axially through hollow structures. The width of the air duct guide pipe 27 is larger than the width of the copper busbar isolation column 17, and its width corresponds to the width of the battery pack. The width of the copper busbar isolation column 17 corresponds to the size of the copper busbar. For ease of assembly, it is preferable to provide a protruding edge 28 at the top of the copper busbar isolation column 17 and the air duct guide pipe 27 respectively. When the copper busbar isolation column 17 and the air duct guide pipe 27 are inserted into the corresponding air duct through hole 7 and copper busbar through hole 8, the protruding edge 28 can place them on the upper end face of the through hole located on the upper layer to limit and fix the copper busbar isolation column 17 or the air duct guide pipe 27. It can be seen that the copper busbar isolation column 17 and the air duct guide pipe 27 of this structure are pluggable and detachable structures with respect to the through holes, which facilitates subsequent installation and disassembly.

[0045] In this embodiment, the copper busbar isolation column 17 is preferably made of a hollow cylindrical shell made of high-strength insulating material (such as glass fiber reinforced nylon, PBT), which has excellent electrical insulation, mechanical strength and flame retardant properties; the air duct guide pipe 27 is made of flame retardant insulating plastic or glass fiber reinforced composite material to meet the requirements of insulation, flame retardancy, structural support and air duct sealing.

[0046] The operating principle of this embodiment includes: installing the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 on the foundation base, then snapping the lower insertion section 183 of the positioning component 18 into the guide positioning grooves 10 located in the four corner areas of the top wall of the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6; simultaneously, pre-inserting the copper busbar isolation column 17 and the air duct guide pipe 27 into the corresponding air duct through holes 7 and copper busbar through holes 8 on the bottom wall of the top stacked energy storage compartment 1; at the same time, extending the series wires 19, air ducts (inlet air duct 25 and return air duct 26) and the upper and lower series copper busbars 16 in the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 to the outside through the wire through holes 9, the air duct guide pipe 27 and the copper busbar isolation column 17; hoisting the top stacked energy storage compartment 1, ensuring that the series wires 19 and air ducts are connected... The upper and lower series copper busbars 16 enter the interior of the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 through the wire through-holes 9, air duct through-holes 7 and copper busbar through-holes 8 set on the top wall of the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6. At the same time, the upper plug-in section 182 is used for limiting and guiding to accurately stack the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 on the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6. It should be noted that after the precise docking is completed, the air vents set on the air duct are exactly aligned with the energy storage battery packs 15 of each layer in the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6. Finally, the wires are connected to the electrical control equipment, so as to realize the purpose of the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 sharing the heat dissipation equipment of the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 and the top stacked energy storage compartment 1 sharing the electrical control equipment of the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the energy storage battery pack 15 is housed within the cell compartment, and a fire compartment is located at the top of the cell compartment. The fire compartment houses a fire-fighting integrated module 11, which can be detachably installed via standardized interface groups. This module is used for fire detection, early warning, and fire suppression protection of the energy storage battery pack 15 within the cell compartment. In this embodiment, the fire-fighting integrated module 11 is preferably an independent functional module designed by the manufacturer, comprising a self-contained detector array (a composite detector for temperature, smoke, and combustible gas), a fire extinguishing agent storage container, distribution pipelines, nozzles, and a built-in control board. It is installed in the fire compartment of the upper stacked module via standardized mechanical and quick-connect electrical interfaces. In this embodiment, after installation, the nozzles can correspond to each energy storage battery pack 15 or be located at the top of the cell compartment, depending on the actual spatial location.

[0048] In summary, all stacked energy storage compartments in this embodiment are energy storage battery compartments. The electrical control equipment is located in the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 at the bottom and shared with it. This improves the stability of the later stacked structure and eliminates the need to expand the energy storage compartment for separate storage of electrical control equipment. It can significantly reduce the height of the later stacked structure and improve the versatility and practicality of the energy storage device. In addition, due to the reduced stacking height, the wire length can be effectively reduced compared with the prior art, saving consumable costs. Furthermore, in this embodiment, multiple stacked energy storage compartments share the heat dissipation equipment located in the top stacked energy storage compartment 1. On the one hand, it saves on usage and maintenance costs, and on the other hand, it can avoid the interference of the external high temperature environment on the internal temperature of the top stacked energy storage compartment 1, effectively improving the temperature consistency of each stacked energy storage compartment.

[0049] Example 2: Compared with Embodiment 1 above, the difference in this embodiment is that at least one intermediate stacked energy storage compartment 30 is provided between the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 and the top stacked energy storage compartment 1. Due to the air supply volume limitation, the number of intermediate stacked energy storage compartments 30 in this embodiment is preferably no more than two.

[0050] In this embodiment, the interstitial stacked energy storage compartment 30 houses an energy storage battery pack 15. The top and bottom walls of the interstitial stacked energy storage compartment 30 are respectively provided with guide positioning grooves 10 that mate and communicate with the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6 and the top stacked energy storage compartment 1, so that the heat dissipation equipment and electrical control equipment can be shared after stacking is completed. Figure 13 As shown; it should be noted that in this structure, the stacking method of two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments, as well as the through-hole method of the series wires 19, air ducts, and upper and lower series copper busbars 16 and their fixing method in the compartment are the same as in Embodiment 1, so this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0051] Depend on Figure 13 It is understood that only the energy storage battery pack 15 needs to be installed in the intermediate stacked energy storage compartment 30, without the need for separate heat dissipation equipment and electrical control equipment. This can save on design and usage costs and reduce the load pressure on the bottom stacked energy storage compartment 6.

[0052] Example 3: This embodiment provides an energy storage system, which includes an energy storage module, a transmission module, and a power consumption module. The energy storage module provides electrical energy to the power consumption module through the transmission module. The energy storage module includes at least one stacked energy storage device as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 above. When there are multiple stacked energy storage devices, they are arranged side by side at a certain interval.

[0053] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics in the solutions is not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements without departing from the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of the claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries, characterized in that: It includes at least a top stacked energy storage compartment and a bottom stacked energy storage compartment, both of which have built-in energy storage battery packs. The top stacked energy storage compartment also has built-in heat dissipation equipment, and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment also has built-in electrical control equipment. The bottom stacked energy storage compartment and the top stacked energy storage compartment share the heat dissipation equipment and the electrical control equipment after being stacked from bottom to top.

2. The stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the top stacked energy storage compartment and the top wall of the bottom stacked energy storage compartment are each provided with a corresponding guide positioning groove and multiple perforations. The guide positioning grooves are respectively arranged to cooperate with the positioning components to limit and lock the top stacked energy storage compartment and the bottom stacked energy storage compartment. The multiple perforations are used to introduce the conductive components and air ducts in the top stacked energy storage compartment into the bottom stacked energy storage compartment, thereby realizing the sharing of the heat dissipation equipment and the electrical control equipment.

3. The stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of perforations include wire perforations, air duct perforations, and copper busbar perforations.

4. The stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device includes a wall-mounted air conditioner, an air inlet duct, and an air return duct. One end of the air inlet duct and the air return duct are respectively connected to the positive pressure port and the negative pressure port of the wall-mounted air conditioner, and the other end passes through the air duct perforation and is located in two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments. The air inlet duct and the air return duct are located on opposite sides of the energy storage battery pack, and air vents are provided on the air inlet duct and the air return duct to face each layer of energy storage battery pack.

5. The stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: A copper busbar isolation column and an air duct guide pipe are provided. The copper busbar isolation column is an axially through hollow structure that can be inserted into the copper busbar through hole to form an insulating protective channel through which the upper and lower series copper busbars of two adjacent stacked energy storage compartments can be connected. The air duct guide pipe can be inserted into the corresponding air duct through hole to form a guide channel through which the air duct of the heat dissipation equipment can pass.

6. The stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning component includes an integrally formed mounting base plate, an upper insertion section, and a lower insertion section. The upper insertion section and the lower insertion section are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the mounting base plate. At the same time, the upper insertion section and the lower insertion end are rotary structures that extend from the mounting base plate to the free end and are adapted to the guide positioning groove. At least one slot is provided around the surface of the rotary structure.

7. The stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one intermediate stacking energy storage compartment is provided between the bottom stacking energy storage compartment and the top stacking energy storage compartment. The intermediate stacking energy storage compartment has a built-in energy storage battery pack. The top and bottom walls of the intermediate stacking energy storage compartment are respectively provided with guide positioning grooves and multiple perforations that are connected to and communicate with the bottom stacking energy storage compartment and the top stacking energy storage compartment, so that the heat dissipation equipment and the electrical control equipment can be shared after the stacking is completed.

8. The stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the interstitial stacked energy storage compartments comprise multiple compartments, each compartment is stacked sequentially from bottom to top. Adjacent stacked energy storage compartments are locked together by corresponding guide positioning grooves and guide components. Meanwhile, the heat dissipation equipment and the electrical control equipment are shared through multiple interconnected perforations.

9. The stacked energy storage device based on lead-carbon batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage battery pack is installed inside the cell compartment, and a fire compartment is provided at the top of the cell compartment. The fire compartment is equipped with a fire-fighting integrated module that can be detachably installed through a standardized docking interface group, which is used to detect fires, provide early warnings, and extinguish fires for the energy storage battery pack inside the cell compartment.

10. An energy storage system, characterized by, include: The system includes an energy storage module, a transmission module, and a power consumption module, wherein the energy storage module supplies power to the power consumption module through the transmission module. The energy storage module includes at least one stacked energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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