Safety battery case and sodium-ion battery

Abstract

This invention proposes a safe battery casing and a sodium-ion battery. The safe battery casing includes a shell, a base, and a positioning cover. The base is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell. The base includes a partition, an annular shell, and a bottom plate. The partition is fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular shell, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the annular shell. The partition, annular shell, and bottom plate form an exhaust chamber. The partition has several through holes, and the chamber of the shell communicates with the exhaust chamber through the through holes. The annular shell has several exhaust ports, and a one-way valve is connected to each exhaust port. A conductive sheet is fixedly connected to the bottom outer side of the base. The conductive sheet is suitable for electrical connection with the negative electrode of the battery cell. The positioning cover is openable and closable and connected to the top of the shell. A gap is left between the positioning cover and the shell. A conductive protrusion is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the positioning cover. The conductive protrusion is suitable for electrical connection with the positive electrode of the battery cell. This invention can quickly expel the gas emitted from the bottom of the battery cell into the casing, reducing the risk of explosion and improving the safety performance of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a safe battery casing and a sodium-ion battery. Background Technology

[0002] Prolonged use of sodium-ion batteries can lead to battery aging, causing internal chemical reactions that result in excessive internal pressure and gas release. Overcharging also increases internal pressure, potentially causing gas release. If this gas is not released promptly, there is a risk of explosion. Since the negative electrode is typically welded, defects in the welding or aging of the welds after prolonged use can cause gas to leak out through the negative electrode. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention provide a safe battery casing and a sodium-ion battery, which can improve the safety performance of the battery.

[0004] One embodiment of the present invention provides a safety battery case, comprising: a housing, a base, and a positioning cover, wherein the interior of the housing has a cavity for installing battery cells.

[0005] The base is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing. The base includes a partition, an annular shell, and a bottom plate. The partition is fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular shell, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the annular shell. The partition, annular shell, and bottom plate form an exhaust chamber. The partition has several through holes in the vertical direction. The chamber of the housing and the exhaust chamber are connected through the through holes. The annular shell has several exhaust ports in the horizontal direction. A one-way valve is connected to the exhaust port. The one-way valve only allows gas to flow from the inside of the annular shell to the outside in one direction. A conductive plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer side of the base. The conductive plate is suitable for electrical connection with the negative electrode of the battery cell.

[0006] The positioning cover can be opened and closed and is connected to the top of the housing. The positioning cover is suitable for pressing and positioning the battery cell. There is a gap between the positioning cover and the housing. A conductive protrusion is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end face of the positioning cover. The conductive protrusion is suitable for electrical connection with the positive electrode of the battery cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, a plurality of springs are fixedly connected to the upper end of the partition. The springs are made of metal and are evenly arranged on the partition. The springs are adapted to apply a vertically upward elastic force to the battery cell.

[0008] In some embodiments, a through-hole is formed at the center of the partition.

[0009] In some embodiments, one side of the positioning cover is hinged to the housing via a torsion spring hinge, and several plug-in blocks are fixedly connected to the edge of the positioning cover. Several first slots are provided on the upper edge of the housing. The number of plug-in blocks and the number of first slots are equal and their positions correspond one-to-one. The plug-in blocks are tightly inserted into the first slots from top to bottom.

[0010] In some embodiments, the positioning cover is detachably connected to the housing on the side opposite to the torsion spring hinge by a press-fit snap.

[0011] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the base plate is larger than the outer diameter of the annular shell, the outer diameter of the base plate is equal to the outer diameter of the shell, the bottom of the shell is inserted into the annular shell, and the inserted shell is located at the upper end of the base plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, a sealing sleeve is fixedly fitted near the bottom of the housing. When the housing is inserted into the annular shell, the sealing sleeve is located between the housing and the annular shell and below the vent. An annular gap is formed between the housing and the annular shell in the portion without the sealing sleeve.

[0013] In some embodiments, an annular boss is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the positioning cover, and the space enclosed by the annular boss forms a second slot for inserting the positive electrode protrusion of the battery cell.

[0014] In some embodiments, a pressure sensor is installed inside the exhaust chamber, and an alarm is connected to the outside of the housing, with the pressure sensor and the alarm being electrically connected.

[0015] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a sodium-ion battery, including the aforementioned safety battery casing and a battery cell, wherein the battery cell is pluggable into the cavity of the casing, and a gap for venting is provided between the side wall of the battery cell and the inner wall of the cavity. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. in: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety battery casing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Internal structure diagram; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first slot and the alarm. Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the base structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sodium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the battery cell structure; Figure label: 1. Positioning cover; 101. Press-fit buckle; 102. Insertion block; 103. Conductive protrusion; 104. Torsion spring hinge; 105. Annular boss; 2. Housing; 3. Base plate; 4. Alarm; 5. Spring; 6. Partition; 7. Annular shell; 8. Sealing sleeve; 9. First slot; 10. Through hole; 11. Battery cell; 1101. Positive electrode protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0018] The safety battery case and sodium-ion battery of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figures 1-4 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention provides a safety battery case, including: a housing 2, a base and a positioning cover 1, wherein the interior of the housing 2 has a cavity for installing a battery cell 11.

[0020] The base is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 2. The base includes a partition 6, an annular shell 7 and a bottom plate 3. The partition 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular shell 7 and the bottom plate 3 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the annular shell 7. The partition 6, the annular shell 7 and the bottom plate 3 form an exhaust chamber. The partition 6 has several through holes 10 in the vertical direction. The chamber of the housing 2 and the exhaust chamber are connected through the through holes 10. The annular shell 7 has several exhaust ports in the horizontal direction. A one-way valve is connected to the exhaust port. The one-way valve only allows gas to flow from the inside of the annular shell 7 to the outside in one direction. A conductive sheet is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer side of the base. The conductive sheet is suitable for electrical connection with the negative electrode of the battery cell 11.

[0021] The positioning cover 1 is openable and closable and connected to the top of the housing 2. The positioning cover 1 is suitable for pressing and positioning the battery cell 11. There is a gap between the positioning cover 1 and the housing 2. A conductive protrusion 103 is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end face of the positioning cover 1. The conductive protrusion 103 is suitable for electrical connection with the positive electrode of the battery cell 11.

[0022] By providing an exhaust chamber, the gas emitted from the bottom of the battery cell 11 can be quickly discharged from the casing, reducing the risk of explosion, improving the safety performance of the battery, and meeting the stringent requirements of industrial equipment for the safe operation of sodium-ion batteries.

[0023] In use, insert the battery cell 11 into the housing 2 from top to bottom, fasten the positioning cover 1, and press the battery cell 11 tightly. The conductive protrusion 103 of the positioning cover 1 serves as the positive terminal of the battery, and the conductive plate of the base serves as the negative terminal of the battery. When the negative terminal of the battery cell 11 exhausts gas, the gas enters the exhaust chamber of the base. Since the gas pressure in the exhaust chamber is greater than the external gas pressure, the gas drives the one-way valve of the exhaust port to open, and exhausts gas outward through the exhaust port.

[0024] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, several springs 5 ​​are fixedly connected to the upper end of the partition 6. The springs 5 ​​are made of metal and are evenly arranged on the partition 6. The springs 5 ​​are suitable for applying a vertically upward elastic force to the battery cell 11.

[0025] By setting the spring 5, on the one hand, an exhaust space is formed between the battery cell 11 and the separator 6, preventing the negative electrode of the battery cell 11 from being tightly pressed against the separator 6 due to the pressure of the positioning cover 1, which would prevent the gas from being discharged smoothly. On the other hand, it can provide an upward elastic force for the battery cell 11. When the positioning cover 1 is opened, the spring 5 is released, and the battery cell 11 is popped upward, making it easy to remove the battery cell 11 from the housing 2.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the through hole 10 is located at the center of the partition 6.

[0027] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, one side of the positioning cover 1 is hinged to the housing 2 via a torsion spring hinge 104. Several plug-in blocks 102 are fixedly connected to the edge of the positioning cover 1. Several first slots 9 are provided on the upper edge of the housing 2. The number of plug-in blocks 102 and the first slots 9 are equal and their positions correspond one-to-one. The plug-in blocks 102 are tightly inserted into the first slots 9 from top to bottom.

[0028] When it is necessary to remove the battery cell 11, the positioning cover 1 needs to be opened. The moment the insertion block 102 of the positioning cover 1 disengages from the first slot 9 of the housing 2, the torsion spring hinge 104 can quickly pop the positioning cover 1 open. At the same time, the spring 5 of the base pops the battery cell 11 upward.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the positioning cover 1 is detachably connected to the housing 2 on the side opposite to the torsion spring hinge 104 via a press-fit buckle 101. This improves the stability of the positioning cover 1 and prevents it from being easily opened during use.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the outer diameter of the base plate 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the annular shell 7. The outer diameter of the base plate 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the shell 2. The bottom of the shell 2 is inserted into the annular shell 7. The inserted shell 2 is located at the upper end of the base plate 3.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, a sealing sleeve 8 is fixedly fitted near the bottom of the housing 2. When the housing 2 is inserted into the annular shell 7, the sealing sleeve 8 is located between the housing 2 and the annular shell 7 and below the exhaust port. An annular gap is formed between the housing 2 and the annular shell 7 in the part without the sealing sleeve 8. This can improve the insertion stability between the housing 2 and the annular shell 7.

[0032] Positioning the sealing sleeve 8 below the exhaust port will not affect the exhaust process. Furthermore, the annular gap formed between the housing 2 and the annular shell 7 serves as an exhaust channel, allowing the exhaust gas to flow upwards along the annular gap. Since there is a gap between the positioning cover 1 and the housing 2, the gas ultimately exits through this gap.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, an annular boss 105 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the positioning cover 1. The space enclosed by the annular boss 105 forms a second slot for inserting the positive electrode protrusion 1101 of the battery cell 11. This facilitates a tight connection between the positioning cover 1 and the positive electrode protrusion 1101 of the battery cell 11, improving conductivity.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a pressure sensor is installed inside the exhaust chamber, and an alarm 4 is connected to the outside of the housing 2. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the alarm 4.

[0035] When abnormal venting occurs at the bottom of cell 11, the air pressure in the venting chamber will gradually increase. When the air pressure exceeds the set value of the pressure sensor, alarm 4 will be triggered to remind personnel to check.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention provides a sodium-ion battery, including the aforementioned safety battery casing, and also including a battery cell 11, which is pluggable into the cavity of the casing 2, and a gap for venting is provided between the side wall of the battery cell 11 and the inner wall of the cavity.

[0037] When the casing 2 needs to vent, the gas enters from the venting chamber into the annular gap formed between the casing 2 and the annular shell 7, then enters the gap between the cell 11 and the chamber, and finally exits outward through the gap between the positioning cover 1 and the casing 2. This reduces the risk of explosion and improves the safety performance of the battery.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0042] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety battery case, characterized by, include: A housing, the interior of which has a chamber for mounting battery cells; A base is detachably and fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing. The base includes a partition, an annular shell, and a bottom plate. The partition is fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular shell, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the annular shell. The partition, the annular shell, and the bottom plate form an exhaust chamber. The partition has several through holes in the vertical direction. The chamber of the housing and the exhaust chamber are connected through the through holes. The annular shell has several exhaust ports in the horizontal direction. A one-way valve is connected to each exhaust port. The one-way valve allows gas to flow unidirectionally from the inside of the annular shell to the outside. A conductive sheet is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer side of the base. The conductive sheet is suitable for electrical connection with the negative electrode of the battery cell. A positioning cover is provided, which is openable and closable and connected to the top of the housing. The positioning cover is adapted to press and position the battery cell. A gap is left between the positioning cover and the housing. A conductive protrusion is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end face of the positioning cover. The conductive protrusion is adapted to be electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell.

2. The safety battery case according to claim 1, wherein Several springs are fixedly connected to the upper end of the partition. The springs are made of metal and are evenly arranged on the partition. The springs are suitable for applying a vertically upward elastic force to the battery cell.

3. The safety battery case of claim 1, wherein, The through hole is located at the center of the partition.

4. The safety battery case of claim 1, wherein One side of the positioning cover is hinged to the housing via a torsion spring hinge. Several plug-in blocks are fixedly connected to the edge of the positioning cover. Several first slots are provided on the upper edge of the housing. The number of plug-in blocks is equal to the number of the first slots and their positions correspond one-to-one. The plug-in blocks are tightly inserted into the first slots from top to bottom.

5. The safety battery case of claim 4, wherein, The positioning cover is detachably connected to the housing on the side opposite to the torsion spring hinge via a press-fit buckle.

6. The safety battery case of claim 4, wherein, The outer diameter of the base plate is larger than the outer diameter of the annular shell. The outer diameter of the base plate is equal to the outer diameter of the shell. The bottom of the shell is inserted into the annular shell. The shell after insertion is located at the upper end of the base plate.

7. The safety battery case of claim 6, wherein, A sealing sleeve is fixedly fitted near the bottom of the housing. When the housing is inserted into the annular shell, the sealing sleeve is located between the housing and the annular shell and below the exhaust port. An annular gap is formed between the housing and the annular shell in the part where the sealing sleeve is not provided.

8. The safety battery case of claim 1, wherein, An annular boss is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the positioning cover, and the space enclosed by the annular boss forms a second slot for inserting the positive electrode protrusion of the battery cell.

9. The battery case of claim 1, wherein A pressure sensor is installed inside the exhaust chamber, and an alarm is connected to the outside of the housing. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the alarm.

10. A sodium-ion battery, characterized in that, The safety battery housing according to any one of claims 1-9 further includes a battery cell, the battery cell being insertable into a cavity of the housing, and a gap for venting is provided between the side wall of the battery cell and the inner wall of the cavity.

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