Antenna structure, antenna device, and terminal

Abstract

This application discloses an antenna structure, antenna device, and terminal. The antenna structure includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna includes a grounding stub connected to the second antenna. The orthographic projections of the first antenna and the second antenna on a first plane are at least partially offset. The first plane is the plane containing the second antenna. The antenna device of this application is small in size and has a large operating bandwidth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna structure, antenna device and terminal. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicles, drones, and robots all require antenna devices to receive and / or transmit signals so that they can interact with mobile phones or cloud service platforms. Similarly, some smart home products, such as lamps, sockets, door locks, cameras, televisions, or temperature and humidity sensors, also require antenna devices to receive and / or transmit signals so that they can interact with mobile phones, cloud service platforms, or smart voice assistants.

[0003] Existing antenna devices use multiple sub-antennas operating in different sub-frequency bands to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna device, but the antenna device is relatively large. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an antenna structure, an antenna device, and a terminal. The antenna device has a small size and a large operating bandwidth.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides an antenna structure, including: a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna includes a ground stub connected to the second antenna. The orthographic projections of the first antenna and the second antenna onto a first plane are at least partially offset. The first plane is the plane containing the second antenna.

[0006] In this application, the grounding stub of the first antenna is connected to the second antenna, meaning the second antenna serves as the ground plane of the first antenna. Since the orthographic projections of the first antenna and the second antenna on the first plane are at least partially offset—meaning at least a portion of the structure of the first antenna is not vertically opposite to the second antenna—this portion of the first antenna's structure is not affected by the mirror effect of the ground plane. This portion of the first antenna's structure does not need to increase its height to avoid the mirror effect, allowing for a reduction in the height of the first antenna. This facilitates a reduction in the vertical dimensions of the antenna device and promotes miniaturization. Furthermore, both the first and second antennas can receive and / or transmit signals, and their resonant frequency bands complement each other, effectively expanding the overall operating bandwidth and improving broadband adaptability.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the second line is circular, enclosing a clearance zone, and at least part of the first line is opposite to the clearance zone.

[0008] In the above implementation, the first antenna is at least partially located within the avoidance zone in the height direction. This ensures that the orthographic projection of the first antenna on the first plane and the orthographic projection of the second antenna on the first plane are at least partially offset. At the same time, it can reduce the size of the antenna device in the horizontal direction, which is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the antenna device.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the first antenna is a monopole antenna or a PIFA antenna.

[0010] In the above implementation method, the first antenna is small in size and has a flat structure, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the antenna device and reduce the size of the antenna device.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the first antenna further includes a feed stub, a first radiating stub, and a second radiating stub, the feed stub being used to connect to the feed section. The first radiating stub is used to support signals in the first frequency band, and the second radiating stub is used to support signals in the second frequency band.

[0012] In the above implementation, by setting the first radiating stub and the second radiating stub, the first antenna can support signals of different frequency bands, effectively expanding the overall working bandwidth and improving broadband adaptability.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the first radiating branch, the power supply branch, the grounding branch, and the second radiating branch are arranged sequentially along a second direction, which is parallel to the first plane.

[0014] The above implementation method is beneficial to reducing the vertical dimension of the first antenna, thereby reducing the vertical dimension of the antenna device, which is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the antenna device.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the first radiating branch, the power supply branch, the grounding branch, and the second radiating branch are all located in the second plane, which is perpendicular to the first plane.

[0016] In the above implementation, the first antenna is a sheet-like structure, which can be integrally stamped from a steel sheet, facilitating processing and improving efficiency. Furthermore, the first antenna is vertically positioned, with its maximum radiated beam direction being vertical. The second antenna is horizontally positioned, with its maximum radiated beam direction also vertical. The combination of these two antennas increases the vertical radiation of the antenna system. In some possible implementations, the first radiating branch includes a first curved segment.

[0017] In the above implementation, by setting a first bending segment, the length of the first radiating stub can be increased without increasing the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the first antenna, so that the first radiating stub can support lower frequency signals.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the first radiating stub includes a first radiating segment, a second radiating segment, and a third radiating segment connected in sequence. The end of the first radiating segment away from the second radiating segment is connected to a feed stub, and the end of the third radiating segment away from the second radiating segment is connected to a grounding stub. The first and third radiating segments are spaced apart from each other along a first direction, which is perpendicular to a first plane. At least one of the first, second, and third radiating segments includes a first curved section.

[0019] In the above implementation, by segmenting the first radiating stub, on the one hand, the segmented structure facilitates flexible adjustment of the overall outline of the first radiating stub, avoids interference from surrounding devices, and reduces the overall size of the first antenna. On the other hand, by setting the length, direction, and bending shape of each radiating segment, the equivalent electrical length of the current on the stub can be changed, thereby matching electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, effectively widening the operating bandwidth, and optimizing the impedance matching effect.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the first radiating segment includes a first curved segment, which in turn includes multiple first sub-segments and multiple second sub-segments. The first sub-segments extend along a first direction, and the second sub-segments extend along a second direction. The multiple first sub-segments and multiple second sub-segments are arranged alternately and connected sequentially. The second direction is parallel to the first plane and perpendicular to the first direction. The second radiating segment extends along the first direction, and the third radiating segment extends along the second direction.

[0021] In the above implementation, the angle between the first sub-segment and the second sub-segment can be 90 degrees. Compared with the scheme where the angle between the first sub-segment and the second sub-segment is greater than 90 degrees, this implementation can compress the size of the first radial branch to a greater extent, while increasing the number of the first sub-segment and the number of the second sub-segment, thereby increasing the length of the first radial branch.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the second radiating branch includes a second curved segment.

[0023] In the above implementation, by setting a second curved section, the length of the second radiating stub can be increased without increasing the horizontal or vertical dimensions of the first antenna, so that the second radiating stub can support lower frequency signals.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the second radiating stub includes a fourth, fifth, and sixth radiating segment connected in sequence. The end of the fourth radiating segment furthest from the fifth radiating segment is connected to a grounding stub, and the end of the sixth radiating segment furthest from the fifth radiating segment is connected to a feed stub. The fourth and sixth radiating segments are spaced apart from each other along a first direction perpendicular to a first plane. At least one of the fourth, fifth, and sixth radiating segments includes a second curved segment.

[0025] In the above implementation, by segmenting the second radiating stub, on the one hand, the segmented structure facilitates flexible adjustment of the overall outline of the second radiating stub, avoids interference from surrounding devices, and reduces the overall volume of the first antenna. On the other hand, by setting the length, direction, and bending shape of each radiating segment, the equivalent electrical length of the current on the stub can be changed, thereby matching electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, effectively widening the operating bandwidth, and optimizing the impedance matching effect.

[0026] In some possible implementations, the fourth radiating segment includes a second curved segment, which in turn includes multiple third sub-segments and multiple fourth sub-segments. The third sub-segments extend along a first direction, and the fourth sub-segments extend along a second direction. The multiple third and fourth sub-segments are arranged alternately and connected sequentially. The second direction is parallel to the first plane and perpendicular to the first direction. The fifth radiating segment extends along the first direction, and the sixth radiating segment extends along the second direction.

[0027] In the above implementation, the angle between the third sub-segment and the fourth sub-segment can be 90 degrees. Compared with the scheme where the angle between the third sub-segment and the fourth sub-segment is greater than 90 degrees, this implementation can compress the size of the second radial branch to a greater extent, while increasing the number of the third sub-segment and the number of the fourth sub-segment, which is beneficial to increasing the length of the second radial branch.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the first radiating stub, the feed stub, and the grounding stub are all located in a second plane, which is perpendicular to the first plane. The second radiating stub connects to the first radiating stub, the feed stub, and the grounding stub, and there is an angle between the second radiating stub and the second plane.

[0029] In the above implementation, the second radiating stub of the first antenna is bent, which reduces the vertical dimension of the first antenna and thus reduces the vertical dimension of the antenna device. The antenna device is smaller, which is beneficial for the miniaturization design of the antenna device.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the first radiating stub, the feed stub, and the ground stub are arranged sequentially along a second direction, which is parallel to the first and second planes. The first antenna also includes an impedance matching stub connected to the side of the ground stub away from the feed stub.

[0031] In the above implementation method, setting impedance matching stubs helps with impedance matching of the first antenna.

[0032] In some possible implementations, the second antenna includes a connecting stub, a third radiating stub, a fourth radiating stub, a fifth radiating stub, a sixth radiating stub, and a seventh radiating stub connected sequentially. The connecting stub has a feed area and a grounding area; the feed area is used to connect to the feed unit, and the grounding area is used to connect to the RF connector.

[0033] In the above implementation method, by setting the power supply area and the grounding area in the connecting branch, the result is simple and convenient for the processing of the second antenna.

[0034] In some possible implementations, the fifth radiating branch includes the third bending segment.

[0035] In the above implementation, by setting a third bending segment, the length of the fifth radiating stub can be increased without increasing the horizontal dimension of the second antenna, so that the fifth radiating stub can support lower frequency signals.

[0036] In some possible implementations, the third bending segment includes multiple fifth sub-segments and multiple sixth sub-segments. The fifth sub-segments extend along a second direction, and the sixth sub-segments extend along a third direction. The multiple fifth sub-segments and multiple sixth sub-segments are arranged alternately and connected sequentially. Both the second direction and the third direction are parallel to the first plane, and the second direction is perpendicular to the third direction.

[0037] In the above implementation, the angle between the fifth sub-segment and the sixth sub-segment can be 90 degrees. Compared with the scheme where the angle between the fifth sub-segment and the sixth sub-segment is greater than 90 degrees, this implementation can compress the size of the fifth radial branch to a large extent, while increasing the number of the fifth sub-segment and the number of the sixth sub-segment, thereby increasing the length of the fifth radial branch.

[0038] In some possible implementations, the second line also includes a branching branch, with both ends of the branching branch connected to any fifth sub-segment.

[0039] In the above implementation, the shunt branch shuns the current of the second antenna to form two current paths with different lengths, i.e., different electrical lengths. These two different electrical lengths can be matched with two electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, which helps to broaden the operating bandwidth of the second antenna.

[0040] In some possible implementations, the third and fifth radial branches are spaced apart and opposite each other along a third direction. The third radial branch has a first notch that penetrates the third radial branch along a first direction, extending through the third radial branch towards the fifth radial branch. The first direction is perpendicular to the first plane, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0041] In the above implementation, the first notch can block the original current path of the third radiating stub, changing the current flow path and causing the current to flow around to the edge of the first notch. In addition, the curvature of the edge of the first notch is large, and most of the current of the third radiating stub is concentrated at the edge of the first notch, so that the current at the end of the third radiating stub away from the avoidance area is less, avoiding excessive current flowing to the grounding area and avoiding the current from affecting the RF connector.

[0042] In some possible implementations, the third radiating branch is provided with a first through hole, which penetrates the third radiating branch along a first direction perpendicular to the first plane.

[0043] In the above implementation, the first via can block the original current path of the third radiating stub, changing the current flow path and causing the current to flow around to the edge of the first via. In addition, the curvature of the edge of the first via is large, and most of the current of the third radiating stub is concentrated at the edge of the first via, so that the current at the end of the third radiating stub away from the avoidance area is less, avoiding excessive current flowing to the contact area and avoiding the current from affecting the RF connector.

[0044] In some possible implementations, the seventh and fifth radial branches are spaced apart and opposite each other along a third direction. The seventh radial branch has a second notch that penetrates the seventh radial branch along a first direction, extending through the side of the seventh radial branch toward the fifth radial branch. The first direction is perpendicular to the first plane, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0045] In the above implementation, the second notch can block the original current path of the seventh radiating stub, changing the current flow path and causing the current to flow around to the edge of the second notch. In addition, the curvature of the edge of the second notch is large, and most of the current of the seventh radiating stub is concentrated at the edge of the second notch, so that the current at the end of the seventh radiating stub away from the avoidance area is less, avoiding excessive current flowing to the grounding area and avoiding the current from affecting the RF connector.

[0046] In some possible implementations, the seventh radiating branch is provided with a second through hole, which penetrates the seventh radiating branch along a first direction perpendicular to the first plane.

[0047] In the above implementation, the second via can block the original current path of the seventh radiating stub, changing the current flow path and causing the current to flow around to the edge of the second via. In addition, the curvature of the edge of the second via is large, and most of the current of the seventh radiating stub is concentrated at the edge of the second via, so that the current at the end of the seventh radiating stub away from the avoidance area is less, avoiding excessive current flowing to the grounding area and avoiding the current from affecting the RF connector.

[0048] In some possible implementations, the second antenna also includes a grounding section, with one end connected to the grounding area and the other end connected to a grounding branch.

[0049] In the above implementation method, by setting a grounding part, it is easy to connect the first antenna to the second antenna, which helps to improve assembly efficiency.

[0050] A second aspect of this application provides an antenna device, which includes the antenna structure of the first aspect of this application and a circuit board, the circuit board having a feed section. A first antenna is connected to the feed section. A second antenna is stacked on the circuit board and is connected to the feed section.

[0051] A third aspect of this application provides a terminal that includes the antenna structure of the first aspect of this application, or the antenna device of the second aspect of this application.

[0052] The technical effects of the second and third aspects of this application can be referenced in the first aspect of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0055] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The image shows a cross-sectional view of the antenna device.

[0056] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the antenna device (shell omitted).

[0057] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The antenna device shown (without housing) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0058] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 The antenna device shown (without housing) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0059] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 The antenna setup shown matches the radiation pattern of the first frequency band.

[0060] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 The antenna setup shown matches the radiation pattern of the second frequency band.

[0061] Figure 9 yes Figure 2 The antenna setup shown matches the radiation pattern of the third frequency band.

[0062] Figure 10 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the current simulation when the first antenna of the antenna device resonates in one of the frequency bands.

[0063] Figure 11 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the current simulation when the first antenna of the antenna device resonates with another frequency band.

[0064] Figure 12 yes Figure 2 The antenna device shown (without housing) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0065] Figure 13 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the current simulation when the second antenna of the antenna device resonates with one of the frequency bands.

[0066] Figure 14 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the current simulation when the second antenna of the antenna device resonates with another frequency band.

[0067] Figure 15 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a simulation of the gain of the antenna device.

[0068] Figure 16 yes Figure 2 The simulation diagram of the VSWR of the antenna device is shown.

[0069] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device (without housing) provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0070] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 The antenna device shown (without housing) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0071] Figure 19 yes Figure 17 The antenna device shown (without housing) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0072] Figure 20 yes Figure 17 The diagram shows a simulation of the gain of the antenna device.

[0073] Figure 21 yes Figure 17 The simulation diagram of the VSWR of the antenna device is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0075] The use of prefixes such as "first" and "second" in this scheme is solely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and does not limit the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the described objects. For example, the described object is not limited by the prefix and can be one or more; taking "first device" as an example, "device" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the described object is "device," then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device, the same type of device, or different types of devices. In summary, the use of prefixes to distinguish descriptive objects in this application does not constitute a limitation on the described objects. The description of the described objects is given in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of such prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal 2000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The terminal 2000 in this embodiment can be a vehicle, drone, robot, or other intelligent terminal 2000 or a means of transportation. Here, "vehicle" is used in a broad sense, and can include means of transportation (such as commercial vehicles, passenger cars, motorcycles, flying cars, trains, etc.), industrial vehicles (such as forklifts, trailers, tractors, etc.), engineering vehicles (such as excavators, bulldozers, cranes, etc.), agricultural equipment (such as lawnmowers, harvesters, etc.). Similarly, a robot can be an automated guided vehicle (AGV), a walking conversational robot, or a service robot.

[0077] Taking vehicles as an example, many vehicles are equipped with an antenna device 1000. Typically, the antenna device 1000 is installed inside the vehicle. To meet users' needs for better heat insulation and privacy, current vehicles have added silver plating to the windshield and sunroof, and EC dimming glass to the side windows. The metal contained in the silver plating and EC dimming glass weakens the signal received or transmitted by the antenna device, resulting in unstable signal from the antenna device 1000.

[0078] To address the aforementioned issues, the existing solution is to place the antenna device 1000 on the outside of the vehicle. However, due to the relatively high height of the antenna device 1000, it is mounted on the vehicle's shark fin, roof rack, or spoiler. This design results in greater wind resistance and affects the vehicle's appearance.

[0079] This application provides a low-profile antenna device 1000 that can be installed inside the plastic covering of a vehicle, for example, inside the front bumper 2001. Alternatively, the antenna device 1000 can also be installed inside the rear bumper, fender, or B-pillar trim panel. Because the antenna device 1000 is hidden inside the vehicle's plastic covering, it avoids being exposed on the outside of the vehicle, thus preventing it from affecting the vehicle's appearance and wind resistance. Furthermore, the plastic covering does not affect the signal transmission of the antenna device 1000, resulting in more stable signal transmission.

[0080] Antenna device 1000 typically has cellular network communication capabilities, enabling external communication base stations to communicate with mobile devices of users inside the vehicle via antenna device 1000. Antenna device 1000 can simultaneously transmit and receive multiple signals. For example, signals from the communication base station are transmitted via antenna device 1000 to the vehicle's communication module, which then wirelessly transmits the signals to the user's mobile device inside the vehicle. Alternatively, signals from the user's mobile device are wirelessly transmitted to the vehicle's communication module, which then transmits the signals via antenna device 1000 to the external communication base station.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna device 1000 provided in the first embodiment of this application. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The image shows a cross-sectional view of the antenna device 1000. Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the antenna device 1000 (excluding the housing 300).

[0082] The antenna device 1000 of this application includes an antenna structure 100, a circuit board 200, and a housing 300. The housing 300 includes an outer shell 301 and a cover plate 302. The outer shell 301 has a receiving cavity 303. The circuit board 200 and the antenna structure 100 are both disposed within the receiving cavity 303, and the antenna structure 100 is connected to the circuit board 200. The cover plate 302 is connected to the outer shell 301 and closes the opening of the receiving cavity 303.

[0083] For ease of description, such as Figure 4As shown, the length direction of the antenna structure 100 is defined as the X-axis, the width direction as the Y-axis, and the height direction as the Z-axis. The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are mutually perpendicular. The first direction, second direction, and third direction in the following text refer to the Z-axis, X-axis, and Y-axis, respectively.

[0084] For example, the outer casing 301 is square in shape and includes a first side plate 3011, a second side plate 3012, a third side plate 3013, a fourth side plate 3014, and a top plate 3015. The first side plate 3011, the second side plate 3012, the third side plate 3013, and the fourth side plate 3014 are connected end to end. The first side plate 3011 and the third side plate 3013 are spaced apart from each other along the X-axis, and the second side plate 3012 and the fourth side plate 3014 are spaced apart from each other along the Y-axis. The edge of the top plate 3015 is connected to the first side plate 3011, the second side plate 3012, the third side plate 3013, and the fourth side plate 3014 to form a receiving cavity 303. The first side plate 3011 and the third side plate 3013 are respectively provided with a first mounting plate 3016 and a second mounting plate 3017, which are arranged opposite to each other along the X-axis.

[0085] The cover plate 302 is connected to the first side plate 3011, the second side plate 3012, the third side plate 3013, and the fourth side plate 3014 by means including but not limited to screw connections, snap-fit ​​connections, or adhesives, to enclose the receiving cavity 303. One side of the circuit board 200 along its thickness direction faces the cover plate 302, and the other side of the circuit board 200 along its thickness direction is spaced apart from the top plate 3015 along the Z-axis. The antenna structure 100 is located between the circuit board 200 and the top plate 3015, and is stacked on the circuit board 200. The antenna structure 100 is electrically connected to the circuit board 200.

[0086] The first mounting plate 3016 and the second mounting plate 3017 are connected to the inner side of the front bumper 2001 by means including but not limited to screw connections, snap-fit ​​connections, or adhesive connections. The top plate 3015 faces the front bumper 2001, so that the antenna device 1000 faces the outer side of the vehicle. The antenna structure 100 is electrically connected to the vehicle's communication module. The antenna structure 100 can receive signals from an external communication base station and transmit them to the communication module, or the communication module can send signals to an external communication base station via the antenna structure 100.

[0087] Alternatively, the outer casing 301 may be a cylindrical, elliptical cylindrical, or trapezoidal shape or other regular shape, or the outer casing 301 may be an irregular shape.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The antenna device 1000 shown (with housing 300 omitted) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective. Figure 6 yes Figure 2 The antenna device 1000 shown (with housing 300 omitted) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0089] In some embodiments, the circuit board 200 is provided with a power supply section 201. Exemplarily, the power supply section 201 is disposed on the side of the circuit board 200 away from the antenna structure 100 by means including but not limited to copper plating. In other embodiments, the power supply section 201 may also be disposed on the side of the circuit board 200 facing the antenna structure 100.

[0090] Antenna structure 100 includes a first antenna 10 and a second antenna 20. The second antenna 20 is sheet-like and is stacked on circuit board 200 by means including but not limited to copper plating. The second antenna 20 is connected to feed section 201. The second antenna 20 includes feed area 21, ground area 22 and radiating structure 23. The radiating structure 23 is connected to feed area 21 and ground area 22. Ground area 22 is used for connection with RF connector.

[0091] The power supply area 21 is used to connect to the power supply section 201. For example, the circuit board 200 has a via 203 that penetrates the circuit board 200 along the Z-axis. A conductive post 204 is provided within the via 203. One end of the conductive post 204 extends to the power supply section 201 and is soldered to it, while the other end extends to the power supply area 21 and is soldered to it. Alternatively, the circuit board 200 has a metallized via, with one end connected to the power supply section 201 and the other end connected to the power supply area 21.

[0092] The first antenna 10 is connected to the feed section 201. The first antenna 10 includes a feed stub 11, a ground stub 12, and a radiator 13. The radiator 13 is connected to the feed stub 11 and the ground stub 12. The feed stub 11 is used to connect to the feed section 201. For example, one end of the feed stub 11 passes through the side of the circuit board 200 where the feed section 201 is located and is soldered to the feed section 201. The ground stub 12 is connected to the second antenna 20. The ground stub 12 can be soldered to the grounding area 22 of the second antenna 20, or the ground stub 12 can be snapped onto the grounding area 22 of the second antenna 20. That is, the second antenna 20 can both receive and / or transmit signals and serve as the ground plane of the first antenna 10.

[0093] The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are electrically connected to the communication module via RF connectors. For example, the RF connectors are connected to the communication module, with the outer conductor of the RF connector soldered to the side of the second antenna 20's contact area 22 facing away from the circuit board 200, and the inner conductor of the RF connector soldered to the feed section 201. The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can transmit signals to the communication module via the RF connectors, or the communication module can transmit signals to the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 via the RF connectors.

[0094] Specifically, the orthographic projections of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 are at least partially offset. The first plane 202 is the plane containing the second antenna 20, i.e., the surface of the circuit board 200 facing the antenna structure 100. The at least partial offset of the orthographic projections of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 means that when the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are projected perpendicularly onto the first plane 202, the projection of the first antenna 10 is at least partially outside the area of ​​the projection of the second antenna 20.

[0095] For example, the orthographic projection of the radiator 13 of the first antenna 10 onto the first plane 202 and the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 are partially offset. A portion of the orthographic projection of the radiator 13 onto the first plane 202 lies within the region of the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202, while another portion does not lie within the region of the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202. In other embodiments, the orthographic projection of the radiator 13 onto the first plane 202 and the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 are completely offset, that is, the orthographic projection of the radiator 13 onto the first plane 202 is spaced apart from the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202.

[0096] The orthographic projection of the feed stub 11 of the first antenna 10 onto the first plane 202 and the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 are completely offset, that is, the orthographic projection of the feed stub 11 onto the first plane 202 is spaced apart from the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202. In other embodiments, the orthographic projection of the feed stub 11 onto the first plane 202 and the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 are partially offset, that is, a portion of the orthographic projection of the feed stub 11 onto the first plane 202 is located within the region of the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202, while another portion of the orthographic projection of the feed stub 11 onto the first plane 202 is not located within the region of the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202.

[0097] The orthographic projection of the grounding stub 12 of the first antenna 10 onto the first plane 202 is entirely located within the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202. In other embodiments, the orthographic projections of the grounding stub 12 of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 are partially offset, that is, a portion of the orthographic projection of the grounding stub 12 of the first antenna 10 onto the first plane 202 is located within the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202, while another portion of the orthographic projection of the grounding stub 12 of the first antenna 10 is not located within the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202.

[0098] Alternatively, the orthographic projection of the grounding stub 12 of the first antenna 10 onto the first plane 202 and the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 are completely offset, that is, the orthographic projection of the grounding stub 12 of the first antenna 10 onto the first plane 202 is spaced apart from the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202.

[0099] In summary, in this embodiment, the orthographic projections of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 on the first plane 202 are partially offset. In other embodiments, the orthographic projections of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 on the first plane 202 may also be completely offset.

[0100] In this embodiment, the grounding stub 12 of the first antenna 10 is connected to the second antenna 20, meaning the second antenna 20 serves as the ground plane of the first antenna 10. Since the orthographic projection of the first antenna 10 onto the first plane 202 and the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 are at least partially offset, meaning at least a portion of the structure of the first antenna 10 is not opposite to the second antenna 20 along the Z-axis, this portion of the structure of the first antenna 10 is not affected by the mirror effect of the ground plane. Therefore, this portion of the first antenna does not need to increase its height to avoid the mirror effect, and the height dimension of the first antenna 10 can be reduced. This is beneficial for reducing the size of the antenna device 1000 along the Z-axis and for miniaturizing the antenna device 1000. For example, if the orthographic projection of the radiator 13 onto the first plane 202 and the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 onto the first plane 202 are partially offset, more horizontal radiating stubs can be provided on the radiator 13, resulting in a lower overall height of the radiator 13, allowing the radiator 13 to be closer to the circuit board 200.

[0101] Furthermore, the first antenna 10 can receive and / or transmit signals, and the second antenna 20 can also receive and / or transmit signals. The resonant frequency bands of the two antennas complement each other, which can effectively expand the overall operating bandwidth and improve broadband adaptability.

[0102] The antenna device 1000 of this application has a dimension of less than 30 mm along the Z-axis, and the dimension of the antenna device 1000 along the Z-axis is less than 0.1 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency band (0.7 GHz).

[0103] In some embodiments, the second antenna 20 is ring-shaped, enclosing a clearance area 24, with at least a portion of the first antenna 10 opposite to the clearance area 24. Exemplarily, the second antenna 20 is a rectangular ring. In other embodiments, the second antenna 20 may also be a square ring, a circular ring, or an elliptical ring, etc. The radiator 13 is partially opposite to the clearance area 24 along the Z-axis, and the feed stub 11 is entirely opposite to the clearance area 24 along the Z-axis. In other embodiments, the radiator 13 may also be entirely opposite to the clearance area 24 along the Z-axis, and the feed stub 11 may also be partially opposite to the clearance area 24 along the Z-axis.

[0104] In this design, the first antenna 10 is at least partially located within the avoidance zone 24 in the Z-axis direction. This ensures that the orthographic projection of the first antenna 10 on the first plane 202 and the orthographic projection of the second antenna 20 on the first plane 202 are at least partially offset. At the same time, it can reduce the size of the antenna device 1000 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, which is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the antenna device 1000.

[0105] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first antenna 10 extends along a first direction (Z-axis direction), which is perpendicular to the first plane 202. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the first antenna 10 is a monopole antenna, with the feed stub 11, ground stub 12, and radiator 13 all extending along the first direction. In other embodiments, a portion of the first antenna 10 extends along the Z-axis direction, and another portion extends along the X-axis or Y-axis direction.

[0106] This design approach can further reduce the size of the first antenna 10 in the Y-axis or X-axis direction, reduce the space occupied by the antenna device 1000 in the Y-axis or X-axis direction, and the saved space can be used to install other components, thereby improving the structural compactness of the antenna device 1000 and helping to reduce the volume of the antenna device 1000.

[0107] In some embodiments, the radiator 13 includes a first radiating stub 131 and a second radiating stub 132. The first radiating stub 131, the feed stub 11, the ground stub 12, and the second radiating stub 132 are arranged sequentially along a second direction (X-axis direction), which is parallel to the first plane 202. The first radiating stub 131 is connected to both the feed stub 11 and the ground stub 12, and the second radiating stub 132 is connected to both the feed stub 11 and the ground stub 12. Understandably, the first antenna 10 also includes the first radiating stub 131 and the second radiating stub 132.

[0108] In this configuration, the length of the first radiating stub 131 is greater than the length of the second radiating stub 132. The first radiating stub 131 supports signals in the first frequency band, and the second radiating stub 132 supports signals in the second frequency band. For example, if the first frequency band is 0.7GHz-0.8GHz and the second frequency band is 0.8GHz-1GHz, then both the first radiating stub 131 and the second radiating stub 132 support low-frequency signals. Alternatively, if the first frequency band is 0.7GHz-1GHz and the second frequency band is 1GHz-2GHz, then the first radiating stub 131 supports low-frequency signals, and the second radiating stub 132 supports high-frequency signals.

[0109] The radiator 13 includes a first radiating stub 131 and a second radiating stub 132, enabling the first antenna 10 to support signals in different frequency bands, effectively expanding the overall operating bandwidth and improving broadband adaptability. Furthermore, the sequential arrangement of the first radiating stub 131, the feed stub 11, the grounding stub 12, and the second radiating stub 132 along the X-axis helps reduce the size of the first antenna 10 along the Z-axis, thereby reducing the size of the antenna device 1000 along the Z-axis and facilitating miniaturization of the antenna device 1000.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first radiating branch 131, the feed branch 11, the grounding branch 12, and the second radiating branch 132 are all located on a second plane, which is perpendicular to the first plane 202. It is understood that the first antenna 10 is an integral sheet structure, which can be integrally stamped from a steel sheet, facilitating processing and improving processing efficiency.

[0111] Furthermore, the first antenna 10 is vertically positioned, and the maximum direction of its radiated beam is in the positive Z-axis direction. The second antenna 20 is horizontally positioned, and the maximum direction of its radiated beam is also in the positive Z-axis direction. When these two antennas are combined, the radiation of the antenna device 1000 in the positive Z-axis direction increases, meaning the radiation of the antenna device 1000 towards the outside of the vehicle increases. This is beneficial for the antenna device 1000 to receive signals from or transmit signals to external communication base stations.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 7 yes Figure 2 The antenna device 1000 shown matches the radiation pattern of the first frequency band. Figure 8 yes Figure 2 The antenna device 1000 shown matches the radiation pattern of the second frequency band. Figure 9 yes Figure 2 The antenna device 1000 shown matches the radiation pattern of the third frequency band. Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The gray sphere represents the radiation direction of antenna device 1000, which is... Figures 7 to 9 As can be seen from the radiation pattern, when a signal with a frequency of 0.733 GHz, 0.915 GHz, or 1.88 GHz is matched with the antenna device 1000, the antenna device 1000 radiates strongly in the positive Z-axis direction, and the consistency of the radiation direction is good.

[0113] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the first radiating stub 131 includes a first radiating segment 1311, a second radiating segment 1312, and a third radiating segment 1313 connected in sequence. The end of the first radiating segment 1311 away from the second radiating segment 1312 is connected to the power supply stub 11, and the end of the third radiating segment 1313 away from the second radiating segment 1312 is connected to the grounding stub 12; along a first direction (Z-axis direction), the first radiating segment 1311 and the third radiating segment 1313 are spaced apart from each other, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane 202.

[0114] By segmenting the first radiating stub 131, on the one hand, the segmented structure facilitates flexible adjustment of the overall outline of the first radiating stub 131, avoids interference from surrounding devices, and reduces the overall volume of the first antenna 10. On the other hand, by setting the length, direction, and bending shape of each radiating segment, the equivalent electrical length of the current on the stub can be changed, thereby matching electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, effectively widening the operating bandwidth, and optimizing the impedance matching effect.

[0115] In some embodiments, the first radiating stub 131 includes a first curved segment 1314. The first curved segment 1314 may be disposed in at least one of the first radiating segment 1311, the second radiating segment 1312, and the third radiating segment 1313. The first curved segment 1314 is a right-angle curved structure, an arc curved structure, or an oblique curved structure, etc. By providing the first curved segment 1314, the resonant frequency of the first antenna 10 can be adjusted, and the length of the first radiating stub 131 can be increased without increasing the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the first antenna 10, so that the first radiating stub 131 can support lower frequency signals.

[0116] In some embodiments, at least one of the first radiating segment 1311, the second radiating segment 1312, and the third radiating segment 1313 includes a first curved segment 1314. The more first curved segments 1314 there are, the longer the first radiating stub 131 is, and the first radiating stub 131 can support lower frequency signals, thereby widening the operating bandwidth of the first antenna 10.

[0117] For example, the first radiating segment 1311 includes a first curved segment 1314, the first curved segment 1314 includes a plurality of first sub-segments 1315 and a plurality of second sub-segments 1316, the first sub-segments 1315 extend along a first direction (Z-axis direction), and the second sub-segments 1316 extend along a second direction (X-axis direction), the second direction is parallel to the first plane 202, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0118] Multiple first sub-segments 1315 and multiple second sub-segments 1316 are arranged alternately and connected sequentially. The multiple first sub-segments 1315 are arranged at intervals along the X-axis, and any two adjacent first sub-segments 1315 are connected to both ends of a second sub-segment 1316. Any two adjacent second sub-segments 1316 are spaced apart along the Z-axis. Specifically, the end of the first second sub-segment 1316 furthest from the first sub-segment 1315 is connected to the feed stub 11, and the end of the last second sub-segment 1316 furthest from the first sub-segment 1315 is connected to the end of the second radiating segment 1312 furthest from the third radiating segment 1313. Understandably, the first curved segment 1314 is serpentine in shape.

[0119] Neither the second radiating segment 1312 nor the third radiating segment 1313 has a first bending segment 1314. Both the second radiating segment 1312 and the third radiating segment 1313 are elongated plates. The second radiating segment 1312 extends along a first direction (Z-axis direction), and the third radiating segment 1313 extends along a second direction (X-axis direction). Alternatively, the second radiating segment 1312 and / or the third radiating segment 1313 may have a first bending segment 1314.

[0120] The included angle between the first sub-segment 1315 and the second sub-segment 1316 can be 90 degrees. Compared with schemes where the included angle between the first sub-segment 1315 and the second sub-segment 1316 is greater than 90 degrees, the design of this embodiment can compress the size of the first radial branch 131 in the X-axis direction to a large extent, while increasing the number of the first sub-segment 1315 and the number of the second sub-segment 1316, thereby increasing the length of the first radial branch 131.

[0121] The length of the first segment 1315 is greater than the length of the second segment 1316. In other embodiments, the length of the first segment 1315 may also be less than or equal to the length of the second segment 1316. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first segment 1315 is less than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second segment 1316. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first segment 1315 is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the second segment 1316. The cross-section of the first segment 1315 is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction, and the cross-section of the second segment 1316 is perpendicular to the X-axis direction.

[0122] Researchers can adjust the impedance of the first antenna 10 by changing the length of the first sub-segment 1315, the length of the second sub-segment 1316, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first sub-segment 1315, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second sub-segment 1316, or the spacing between two adjacent first sub-segments 1315, thereby enabling the antenna device 1000 to achieve broadband matching.

[0123] In some embodiments, the second radiating stub 132 includes a fourth radiating segment 1321, a fifth radiating segment 1322, and a sixth radiating segment 1323 connected in sequence. The end of the fourth radiating segment 1321 away from the fifth radiating segment 1322 is connected to the grounding stub 12, and the end of the sixth radiating segment 1323 away from the fifth radiating segment 1322 is connected to the feed stub 11. Along a first direction (Z-axis direction), the fourth radiating segment 1321 and the sixth radiating segment 1323 are spaced apart from each other, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane 202.

[0124] By segmenting the second radiating stub 132, on the one hand, the segmented structure facilitates flexible adjustment of the overall outline of the second radiating stub 132, avoids interference from surrounding devices, and reduces the overall volume of the first antenna 10. On the other hand, by setting the length, direction, and bending shape of each radiating segment, the equivalent electrical length of the current on the stub can be changed, thereby matching electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, effectively widening the operating bandwidth, and optimizing the impedance matching effect.

[0125] In some embodiments, the second radiating stub 132 includes a second curved segment 1324. The second curved segment 1324 is disposed in at least one of the fourth radiating segment 1321, the fifth radiating segment 1322, and the sixth radiating segment 1323. The second curved segment 1324 is a right-angle curved structure, a circular arc curved structure, or an oblique angle curved structure. By providing the second curved segment 1324, the resonant frequency of the first antenna 10 can be adjusted. Without increasing the horizontal or vertical dimensions of the first antenna 10, the length of the second radiating stub 132 can be increased, allowing the second radiating stub 132 to support lower frequency signals.

[0126] In some embodiments, at least one of the fourth radiating segment 1321, the fifth radiating segment 1322, and the sixth radiating segment 1323 includes a second curved segment 1324. The more second curved segments 1324 there are, the longer the second radiating stub 132 is, and the second radiating stub 132 can support lower frequency signals, thereby widening the operating bandwidth of the first antenna 10.

[0127] For example, the fourth radiating segment 1321 includes a second curved segment 1324, the length of which is less than the length of the first curved segment 1314. The second curved segment 1324 includes a plurality of third sub-segments 1325 and a plurality of fourth sub-segments 1326. The third sub-segments 1325 extend along a first direction (Z-axis direction), and the fourth sub-segments 1326 extend along a second direction (X-axis direction). The plurality of third sub-segments 1325 and the plurality of fourth sub-segments 1326 are arranged alternately and connected sequentially. The plurality of third sub-segments 1325 are arranged at intervals along the X-axis direction, and any two adjacent third sub-segments 1325 are respectively connected to both ends of a fourth sub-segment 1326. Any two adjacent fourth sub-segments 1326 have a gap in the Z-axis direction. The end of the first fourth sub-segment 1326 away from the third sub-segment 1325 is connected to the grounding branch 12, and the end of the third sub-segment 1325 away from the fourth sub-segment 1326 is connected to the fifth radiating segment 1322. Understandably, the second curved segment 1324 is snake-shaped.

[0128] Neither the fifth radiating segment 1322 nor the sixth radiating segment 1323 has a second curved segment 1324. The fifth radiating segment 1322 is a rectangular plate extending along the first direction (Z-axis direction). The fifth radiating segment 1322 has a larger dimension along the X-axis direction to facilitate impedance matching. The sixth radiating segment 1323 is a long strip plate extending along the second direction (X-axis direction).

[0129] The angle between the third sub-segment 1325 and the fourth sub-segment 1326 can be 90 degrees. Compared with schemes where the angle between the third sub-segment 1325 and the fourth sub-segment 1326 is greater than 90 degrees, the design of this embodiment can compress the size of the second radial branch 132 in the X-axis direction to a greater extent, while increasing the number of the third sub-segment 1325 and the fourth sub-segment 1326, which is beneficial to increasing the length of the second radial branch 132.

[0130] The length of the third segment 1325 is greater than the length of the fourth segment 1326. In other embodiments, the length of the third segment 1325 may also be less than or equal to the length of the fourth segment 1326. The cross-sectional area of ​​the third segment 1325 is less than the cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth segment 1326. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the third segment 1325 is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth segment 1326. The cross-section of the third segment 1325 is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction, and the cross-section of the fourth segment 1326 is perpendicular to the X-axis direction.

[0131] Researchers can adjust the impedance of the first antenna 10 by changing the length of the third sub-segment 1325, the length of the fourth sub-segment 1326, the cross-sectional area of ​​the third sub-segment 1325, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth sub-segment 1326, or the spacing between two adjacent third sub-segments 1325, thereby enabling the antenna device 1000 to achieve broadband matching.

[0132] In some embodiments, the first antenna 10 further includes a reinforcing stub 14, one end of which is connected to the feed stub 11 and the ground stub 12, and the other end of which is connected to the third radiating segment 1313 and the sixth radiating segment 1323, respectively. For example, the reinforcing stub 14 is rectangular plate-shaped, with the lower left and lower right corners of the reinforcing stub 14 connected to the feed stub 11 and the ground stub 12, respectively, and the upper left and upper right corners of the reinforcing stub 14 connected to the third radiating segment 1313 and the sixth radiating segment 1323, respectively.

[0133] Understandably, the third radiating segment 1313 is indirectly connected to the grounding branch 12 and the feed branch 11 via the reinforcing branch 14, and the sixth radiating segment 1323 is indirectly connected to the grounding branch 12 and the feed branch 11 via the reinforcing branch 14. In other embodiments, the third radiating segment 1313 may also be directly connected to the grounding branch 12 and the feed branch 11, and the sixth radiating segment 1323 may also be directly connected to the grounding branch 12 and the feed branch 11.

[0134] In this embodiment, by setting up reinforcing branches 14 to support the third radiating segment 1313 and the sixth radiating segment 1323, the third radiating segment 1313 and the sixth radiating segment 1323 are prevented from deforming due to vibration. The first antenna 10 has higher structural strength, which is beneficial to improving the lifespan of the antenna device 1000.

[0135] Please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 10 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the current simulation of the first antenna 10 of the antenna device 1000 when it resonates with one of the frequency bands. Figure 11 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a simulation of the current when the first antenna 10 of the antenna device 1000 resonates with another frequency band. It should be noted that... Figure 10 and Figure 11 The arrow in the diagram indicates the direction of the current at a given moment.

[0136] In this embodiment, the first antenna 10 can resonate with electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, and the distribution position of the current extrema changes with frequency. For example... Figure 10When an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 0.733 GHz acts on the first antenna 10, the first antenna 10 satisfies the resonance condition and resonates. During resonance, the first antenna 10 forms a stable current standing wave. A typical characteristic of the standing wave is the periodic occurrence of a current maximum point (peak) and a current minimum point (trough). This current distribution corresponds to a 1 / 4 wavelength resonant mode. The first antenna 10 structure exhibits one current maximum point and one current minimum point: the current maximum point is point A, located at the feed stub 11; the current minimum point is point B, located at the end of the first curved section 1314 near the second radiating section 1312. This current distribution pattern visually demonstrates the resonant state of the first antenna 10 at this frequency.

[0137] like Figure 11 When an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 0.915 GHz acts on the first antenna 10, the first antenna 10 satisfies the resonance condition and resonates. During resonance, the first antenna 10 forms a stable current standing wave. A typical characteristic of the standing wave is the periodic occurrence of a current maximum point (peak) and a current minimum point (trough). This current distribution corresponds to a 1 / 4 wavelength resonant mode. The first antenna 10 structure exhibits one current maximum point and one current minimum point: the current maximum point is point C, located at the feed stub 11; the current minimum point is point D, located at the fifth radiation segment 1322. This current distribution pattern visually reflects the resonant state of the first antenna 10 at this frequency.

[0138] Please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 yes Figure 2 The antenna device 1000 shown (with housing 300 omitted) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0139] In some embodiments, the second antenna 20 includes a connecting branch 231, a third radial branch 232, a fourth radial branch 233, a fifth radial branch 234, a sixth radial branch 235, and a seventh radial branch 236 connected end-to-end. Along the X-axis, the fourth radial branch 233 and the sixth radial branch 235 are spaced apart from each other. The third radial branch 232, the connecting branch 231, and the seventh radial branch 236 are arranged sequentially along the X-axis, and the sum of their dimensions along the X-axis is equal to the dimension of the fifth radial branch 234 along the X-axis. The third radial branch 232, the connecting branch 231, and the seventh radial branch 236 are all spaced apart from the fifth radial branch 234 along the Y-axis. Understandably, the third radiating branch 232, the fourth radiating branch 233, the fifth radiating branch 234, the sixth radiating branch 235, and the seventh radiating branch 236 together constitute the radiating structure 23 of the second antenna 20.

[0140] The connecting branch 231 is provided with a power supply area 21 and a grounding area 22. Figure 12 The dashed line marks the boundary between the feed area 21 and the grounding area 22. The feed area 21 is connected to the feed section 201 on the circuit board 200. The outer conductor of the RF connector is soldered to the end of the grounding area 22 away from the avoidance area 24, that is, the outer conductor of the RF connector is close to the outer periphery of the second antenna 20. By placing the feed area 21 and the grounding area 22 at the connection stub 231, the structure is simple and facilitates the processing of the second antenna 20.

[0141] When the second antenna 20 is operating, the radiation effect of the radiation structure 23 is determined by the degree of matching between the electrical length of each radiating segment of the second antenna 20 and the operating wavelength of the signal. For example, when the electrical length of a single radiating segment resonates at a specific multiple of 1 / 4 wavelength of the signal's operating frequency, that radiating segment independently radiates electromagnetic waves to the outside. When the electrical length of two connected radiating segments resonates at a specific multiple of 1 / 4 wavelength of the signal's operating frequency, the two radiating segments together radiate electromagnetic waves to the outside. When the electrical length of three connected radiating segments resonates at a specific multiple of 1 / 4 wavelength of the signal's operating frequency, the three radiating segments together radiate electromagnetic waves to the outside. When the electrical length of four connected radiating segments resonates at a specific multiple of 1 / 4 wavelength of the signal's operating frequency, the four radiating segments together radiate electromagnetic waves to the outside. When the electrical length of all radiating segments resonates at a specific multiple of 1 / 4 wavelength of the signal's operating frequency, the entire radiation structure 23 radiates electromagnetic waves to the outside.

[0142] The second antenna 20 is a loop antenna. The second antenna 20 adopts a loop arrangement, resulting in a large total unfolded length to meet the requirements for supporting low-frequency signals. Simultaneously, this design utilizes the loop shape to arrange long stubs in a circuitous manner, greatly compressing the overall size of the second antenna 20, making it compact and occupying less space, which is beneficial for the miniaturization design of the antenna device 1000. Furthermore, the second antenna 20 has multiple sequentially connected radiating stubs. Different radiating stubs and combinations of radiating stubs can form multiple sets of different electrical lengths, each corresponding to a different operating wavelength to achieve resonance, effectively expanding the operating bandwidth of the second antenna 20 and enabling multi-band operation.

[0143] In some embodiments, the second antenna 20 further includes a grounding portion 25, which is opposite to the grounding branch 12 of the first antenna 10 along the Z-axis. One end of the grounding portion 25 is connected to the grounding area 22, and the other end of the grounding portion 25 is connected to the grounding branch 12. By providing the grounding portion 25, it is convenient to connect the first antenna 10 to the second antenna 20, which helps to improve assembly efficiency. In other embodiments, the grounding portion 25 may be omitted, and the grounding branch 12 of the first antenna 10 is directly connected to the grounding area 22 of the second antenna 20.

[0144] For example, the grounding portion 25 is U-shaped and includes a first grounding segment 251, a second grounding segment 252, and a third grounding segment 253 connected in sequence. The first grounding segment 251 and the third grounding segment 253 both extend along the Y-axis and are spaced apart along the X-axis. The second grounding segment 252 extends along the X-axis. The first grounding segment 251 is connected to the grounding area 22, and the third grounding segment 253 is connected to the grounding stub 12. The gap between the first grounding segment 251 and the third grounding segment 253 is opposite to the second radiating stub 132 of the first antenna 10. This design reduces the area of ​​the ground plane at the bottom of the first antenna 10, further weakening the mirror effect of the ground plane on the horizontal current of the first antenna 10.

[0145] In some embodiments, the third grounding segment 253 includes a connecting portion 2531 and a mating portion 2532 connected to each other, with the area of ​​the connecting portion 2531 being larger than the area of ​​the mating portion 2532. The end of the mating portion 2532 furthest from the connecting portion 2531 is connected to the second grounding segment 252, and the connecting portion 2531 is connected to the grounding branch 12. This design, where the area of ​​the connecting portion 2531 is larger than the area of ​​the mating portion 2532, results in a larger contact area between the grounding branch 12 and the connecting portion 2531. This not only ensures a more stable connection between the grounding branch 12 and the connecting portion 2531 but also reduces the area of ​​the mating portion 2532, thereby saving materials.

[0146] In some embodiments, the fifth radiating stub 234 includes a third curved segment 2341. The third curved segment 2341 is a right-angle curved structure, an arc curved structure, or an oblique curved structure. By setting the third curved segment 2341, the resonant frequency of the second antenna 20 can be adjusted, and the length of the fifth radiating stub 234 can be increased without increasing the horizontal dimension of the second antenna 20, so that the fifth radiating stub 234 can support lower frequency signals.

[0147] For example, the third curved segment 2341 includes a plurality of fifth sub-segments 2342 and a plurality of sixth sub-segments 2343. The fifth sub-segments 2342 extend along a second direction (X-axis direction), and the sixth sub-segments 2343 extend along a third direction (Y-axis direction). Both the second direction and the third direction are parallel to the first plane 202, and the second direction is perpendicular to the third direction. The plurality of fifth sub-segments 2342 and the plurality of sixth sub-segments 2343 are arranged alternately and connected sequentially. The plurality of sixth sub-segments 2343 are arranged at intervals along the X-axis direction. Any two adjacent sixth sub-segments 2343 are connected to the two ends of a fifth sub-segment 2342, and any two adjacent fifth sub-segments 2342 have a gap in the Y-axis direction. Understandably, the third curved segment 2341 is serpentine in shape.

[0148] The angle between the fifth sub-segment 2342 and the sixth sub-segment 2343 can be 90 degrees. Compared with schemes where the angle between the fifth sub-segment 2342 and the sixth sub-segment 2343 is greater than 90 degrees, the design of this embodiment can compress the size of the fifth radial branch 234 in the X-axis direction to a large extent, while increasing the number of the fifth sub-segment 2342 and the number of the sixth sub-segment 2343, thereby increasing the length of the fifth radial branch 234.

[0149] In some embodiments, the second antenna 20 further includes a branch 26, with both ends of the branch 26 connected to any one of the fifth sub-segments 2342. Exemplarily, the branch 26 is U-shaped; in other embodiments, it may also be V-shaped or arc-shaped. The branch 26 is located in the interval region between two adjacent sixth sub-segments 2343. The branch 26 includes a first branch segment 261, a second branch segment 262, and a third branch segment 263 connected sequentially. Both the first and third branch segments 261 extend along the Y-axis, and are spaced apart along the X-axis. The second branch segment 262 extends along the X-axis; that is, the second branch segment 262 is perpendicular to the first branch segment 261 and perpendicular to the third branch segment 263. The end of the first branch section 261 away from the second branch section 262 and the end of the third branch section 263 away from the second branch section 262 are respectively connected to the fifth sub-section 2342.

[0150] The shunt stub 26 shunts the current in the second antenna 20 to form two current paths of different lengths (electrical lengths). These two different electrical lengths can be matched to two electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, which helps to broaden the operating bandwidth of the second antenna 20. Furthermore, the design of the shunt stub 26 located in the interval region between two adjacent sixth sub-segments 2343 makes the structure of the second antenna 20 compact, which helps to reduce the size of the second antenna 20 and thus the volume of the antenna device 1000.

[0151] The length of the sixth sub-segment 2343 is greater than the length of the fifth sub-segment 2342. In other embodiments, the length of the sixth sub-segment 2343 may also be less than or equal to the length of the fifth sub-segment 2342. The cross-sectional area of ​​the sixth sub-segment 2343 is less than the cross-sectional area of ​​the fifth sub-segment 2342. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sixth sub-segment 2343 is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the fifth sub-segment 2342. The cross-section of the fifth sub-segment 2342 is perpendicular to the X-axis direction, and the cross-section of the sixth sub-segment 2343 is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.

[0152] During the design phase of the second antenna 20, researchers can change the parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance parameters by altering the length of the fifth segment 2342, the length of the sixth segment 2343, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fifth segment 2342, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sixth segment 2343, or the spacing between two adjacent sixth segments 2343. This allows the antenna device 1000 to achieve broadband matching.

[0153] Please refer to Figure 12 In some embodiments, along a third direction (Y-axis direction), the third radial branch 232 and the fifth radial branch 234 are spaced apart and opposite to each other; the third radial branch 232 has a first notch 2321, which penetrates the third radial branch 232 along a first direction (Z-axis direction), and the first notch 2321 penetrates the third radial branch 232 on the side facing the fifth radial branch 234. The first direction is perpendicular to the first plane 202, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Exemplarily, the first notch 2321 is close to the avoidance area 24, and there are multiple first notches 2321, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the X-axis direction. In other embodiments, the number of first notches 2321 may also be one.

[0154] The first notch 2321 can block the original current path of the third radiating stub 232, changing the current flow path so that the current flows around to the edge of the first notch 2321. In addition, the curvature of the edge of the first notch 2321 is large, and most of the current of the third radiating stub 232 is concentrated at the edge of the first notch 2321, so that the current at the end of the third radiating stub 232 away from the avoidance area 24 is less, avoiding excessive current flowing to the grounding area 22 and avoiding the current from affecting the RF connector.

[0155] In some embodiments, the third radial branch 232 is provided with a first through hole 2322, which penetrates the third radial branch 232 along a first direction (Z-axis direction) perpendicular to the first plane 202. Exemplarily, the first through hole 2322 is located near the avoidance area 24. There are multiple first through holes 2322, and multiple first notches 2321 are arranged alternately along the X-axis direction. In other embodiments, the number of first through holes 2322 may be one.

[0156] Similarly, the first via 2322 can block the original current path of the third radiating stub 232, changing the current flow path and causing the current to flow around to the edge of the first via 2322. In addition, the curvature of the edge of the first via 2322 is relatively large, and most of the current of the third radiating stub 232 is concentrated at the edge of the first via 2322, so that the current at the end of the third radiating stub 232 away from the avoidance area 24 is less, avoiding excessive current flowing to the grounding area 22 and avoiding the current from affecting the RF connector.

[0157] In this embodiment, if all third radiating branches 232 are provided with first through holes 2322 and first notches 2321, more current will accumulate at the end of the third radiating branch 232 near the avoidance area 24, and less current will flow from the third radiating branch 232 to the grounding area 22. In other embodiments, the third radiating branch 232 may only be provided with first through holes 2322, or the third radiating branch 232 may only be provided with first notches 2321.

[0158] In some embodiments, the seventh radial branch 236 and the fifth radial branch 234 are spaced apart and opposite each other along a third direction (Y-axis direction); the seventh radial branch 236 has a second notch 2361, which penetrates the seventh radial branch 236 along a first direction (Z-axis direction), and the second notch 2361 penetrates the side of the seventh radial branch 236 facing the fifth radial branch 234; the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane 202, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Exemplarily, the second notch 2361 is close to the avoidance area 24, and there are multiple second notches 2361, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the X-axis direction. In other embodiments, the number of second notches 2361 may also be one.

[0159] The second notch 2361 can block the original current path of the seventh radiating stub 236, changing the current flow path so that the current flows around to the edge of the second notch 2361. In addition, the curvature of the edge of the second notch 2361 is large, and most of the current of the seventh radiating stub 236 is concentrated at the edge of the second notch 2361, so that the current at the end of the seventh radiating stub 236 away from the avoidance area 24 is less, avoiding excessive current flowing to the grounding area 22 and avoiding the current from affecting the RF connector.

[0160] In some embodiments, the seventh radial branch 236 is provided with a second through hole 2362, which penetrates the seventh radial branch 236 along a first direction (Z-axis direction), the first direction being perpendicular to the first plane 202. Exemplarily, the second through hole 2362 is located near the clearance area 24, and there are multiple second through holes 2362, with multiple second through holes 2362 and multiple second notches 2361 arranged alternately along the X-axis direction. In other embodiments, the number of second through holes 2362 may be one.

[0161] Similarly, the second via 2362 can block the original current path of the seventh radiating stub 236, changing the current flow path and causing the current to flow around to the edge of the second via 2362. In addition, the curvature of the edge of the second via 2362 is relatively large, and most of the current of the seventh radiating stub 236 is concentrated at the edge of the second via 2362, so that the current at the end of the seventh radiating stub 236 away from the avoidance area 24 is less, avoiding excessive current flowing to the grounding area 22 and preventing the current from affecting the RF connector.

[0162] Please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14 , Figure 13 yes Figure 2 The simulation diagram shows the current when the second antenna 20 of the antenna device 1000 resonates with one of the frequency bands. Figure 14 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a simulation of the current when the second antenna 20 of the antenna device 1000 resonates with another frequency band. It should be noted that... Figure 13 and Figure 14 The arrow in the diagram indicates the direction of the current at a given moment.

[0163] In this embodiment, the second antenna 20 resonates with electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, and the distribution position of the current extrema changes with frequency. For example, as Figure 13 When an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 0.733 GHz acts on the second antenna 20, the second antenna 20 satisfies the resonance condition and resonates. During resonance, the second antenna 20 forms a stable current standing wave. A typical characteristic of the standing wave is the periodic occurrence of a current maximum point (peak) and a current minimum point (trough). This current distribution corresponds to one wavelength resonance mode. The second antenna 20 structure shows two current maximum points and two current minimum points: the current maximum points are points E and F, with point E located in the feed region 21 connecting stub 231 and point F located in the third bend segment 2341; the current minimum points are points G and H, with point G located in the fourth radiating stub 233 and point H located in the sixth radiating stub 235. This current distribution pattern visually reflects the antenna's resonance state at this frequency.

[0164] like Figure 14When an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 0.915 GHz acts on the second antenna 20, the second antenna 20 satisfies the resonance condition and resonates. During resonance, the second antenna 20 forms a stable current standing wave. A typical characteristic of the standing wave is the periodic occurrence of a current maximum point (peak) and a current minimum point (trough). This current distribution corresponds to one wavelength resonance mode. The second antenna 20 structure shows two current maximum points and two current minimum points: the current maximum points are points I and J. Point I is near the feed area 21 connecting stub 231, and point J is located at the end of the third bend segment 2341 near the sixth radiating stub 235. The current minimum points are points K and L. Point K is located at the end of the third bend segment 2341 near the fourth radiating stub 233, and point L is located at the end of the sixth radiating stub 235 near the seventh radiating stub 236. This current distribution pattern visually reflects the antenna's resonance state at this frequency.

[0165] Please refer to Figure 15 and Figure 16 , Figure 15 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the gain simulation of the antenna device 1000. Figure 16 yes Figure 2 The simulation diagram of the VSWR of the antenna device 1000 is shown.

[0166] Under the excitation of different frequency signals, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 resonate at the corresponding frequency points, forming different current standing wave distributions. The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 work together to further optimize the radiation performance. Figure 15 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the signal frequency, and the vertical axis represents the antenna gain. Figure 16 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the signal frequency, and the vertical axis represents the standing wave ratio (VSWR). Figure 15 and Figure 16 It can be seen that within the 0.7GHz-0.2GHz frequency band, the gain at each frequency point is higher than 2dBi, demonstrating that the antenna device 1000 possesses excellent high-gain characteristics. The VSWR of antenna device 1000 is below 3 in some frequency bands (0.7GHz-0.757 GHz, 0.875GHz-0.956GHz, 1.28GHz-2GHz), indicating good impedance matching. Combining the gain simulation results and the VSWR simulation structure, it can be concluded that the two antennas work together to effectively improve the overall radiation capability, ensuring the overall performance of antenna device 1000.

[0167] Please refer to Figure 17 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 , Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device 1000 (with housing 300 omitted) provided in the second embodiment of this application. Figure 18 yes Figure 17The antenna device 1000 shown (with housing 300 omitted) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective. Figure 19 yes Figure 17 The antenna device 1000 shown (with housing 300 omitted) is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0168] The antenna structure 100 provided in the second embodiment of this application is similar to the antenna structure 100 provided in the first embodiment of this application. The main difference is that the structure of the first antenna 10 in the second embodiment is different from that in the first embodiment, as detailed below: In the first antenna 10 of the second embodiment, the first radiating stub 131, the feed stub 11, the grounding stub 12, and the reinforcing stub 14 are all located on a second plane, which is perpendicular to the first plane 202. The first radiating stub 131, the feed stub 11, and the grounding stub 12 are arranged sequentially along a second direction (X-axis direction), which is parallel to the first plane 202 and the second plane. The second radiating stub 132 is connected to the first radiating stub 131, the feed stub 11, and the grounding stub 12. One side of the second radiating stub 132 along the thickness direction is opposite to the avoidance area 24 along the Z-axis direction, and there is an angle α between the second radiating stub 132 and the second plane. It can be understood that the first antenna 10 of the second embodiment is a planar inverted cone antenna (PIFA). The PIFA antenna is small in size and has a flat structure, which is beneficial to reducing the space occupied by the antenna device 1000 and reducing the volume of the antenna device 1000.

[0169] For example, the second radiating branch 132 is a rectangular plate. In other embodiments, the second radiating branch 132 may also be a triangular or circular plate. The second radiating branch 132 is located on one side of the first radiating branch 131 along the Y-axis. The second radiating branch 132 is connected to the third radiating segment 1313 and the reinforcing branch 14 of the first radiating branch 131, respectively. It can be understood that the second radiating branch 132 is indirectly connected to the feed branch 11 and the grounding branch 12 through the reinforcing branch 14. In other embodiments, the second radiating branch 132 may also be directly connected to the feed branch 11 and the grounding branch 12.

[0170] The angle α between the second radial branch 132 and the second plane is less than or equal to 90 degrees. Exemplarily, the angle α between the second radial branch 132 and the second plane is 0 degrees, 1 degree, 2 degrees, 3 degrees, 4 degrees, 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, 10 degrees, 11 degrees, 12 degrees, 13 degrees, 14 degrees, 15 degrees, 16 degrees, 17 degrees, 18 degrees, 19 degrees, 20 degrees, 21 degrees, 22 degrees, 23 degrees, 24 degrees, 25 degrees, 26 degrees, 27 degrees, 28 degrees, 29 degrees, 30 degrees, 31 degrees, 32 degrees, 33 degrees, 34 degrees, 35 degrees, 36 degrees, 37 degrees, 38 degrees, 39 degrees, 40 degrees, 41 degrees, or 42 degrees. 43 degrees, 44 degrees, 45 degrees, 46 degrees, 47 degrees, 48 ​​degrees, 49 degrees, 50 degrees, 51 degrees, 52 degrees, 53 degrees, 54 degrees, 55 degrees, 56 degrees, 57 degrees, 58 degrees, 59 degrees, 60 degrees, 61 degrees, 62 degrees, 63 degrees, 64 degrees, 65 degrees, 66 degrees, 67 degrees, 68 degrees, 69 degrees, 70 degrees, 71 degrees, 72 degrees, 73 degrees, 74 degrees, 75 degrees, 76 degrees, 77 degrees, 78 degrees, 79 degrees, 80 degrees, 81 degrees, 82 degrees, 83 degrees, 84 degrees, 85 degrees, 86 degrees, 87 degrees, 88 degrees, 89 degrees, or 90 degrees.

[0171] The second radiating stub 132 of the first antenna 10 is bent, which reduces the size of the first antenna 10 along the Z-axis, thereby reducing the size of the antenna device 1000 along the Z-axis. The antenna device 1000 is smaller in size, which is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the antenna device 1000.

[0172] In some embodiments, the grounding stub 12 includes a first sub-stub 121 and a second sub-stub 122. One end of the first sub-stub 121 along the Z-axis is connected to the reinforcing stub 14, and one end of the second sub-stub 122 along its length is connected to the first sub-stub 121. The end of the second sub-stub 122 away from the first sub-stub 121 is connected to the grounding portion 25. For example, the upper right corner of the second sub-stub 122 is connected to the lower left corner of the first sub-stub 121, forming a corner between the second sub-stub 122 and the first sub-stub 121 to increase the length of the current path, thereby matching lower frequency signals.

[0173] In some embodiments, the reinforcing stub 14 is provided with a third through hole 141, which is a rectangular hole that extends through the reinforcing stub 14 along the Y-axis. By providing the third through hole 141, the second through hole 2362 can block the current path of the reinforcing stub 14, allowing the current to flow along the edge of the third through hole 141, which helps to increase the length of the current path and thus match lower frequency signals.

[0174] In some embodiments, the first antenna 10 further includes an impedance matching stub 15 connected to the side of the grounding stub 12 away from the feed stub 11. Exemplarily, the impedance matching stub 15 includes a first segment 151 and a second segment 152. One end of the first segment 151 is connected to the reinforcing stub 14, and the other end of the first segment 151 extends along the X-axis. One end of the second segment 152 is connected to the end of the first segment 151 away from the reinforcing stub 14, and the second segment 152 extends along the Z-axis. The area of ​​the second segment 152 is larger than the area of ​​the first segment 151. By providing the impedance matching stub 15, impedance matching of the first antenna 10 is facilitated.

[0175] Please refer to Figure 20 and Figure 21 , Figure 20 yes Figure 17 The diagram shows the gain simulation of the antenna device 1000. Figure 21 yes Figure 17 The simulation diagram of the VSWR of the antenna device 1000 is shown.

[0176] In the second embodiment, under different frequency signal excitation, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 respectively achieve resonance at the corresponding frequency point, forming different current standing wave distributions. The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 cooperate to further optimize the radiation performance. Figure 20 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the signal frequency, and the vertical axis represents the antenna gain. Figure 21 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the signal frequency, and the vertical axis represents the standing wave ratio (VSWR). Figure 20 and Figure 21 It can be seen that within the 0.7GHz-1.88GHz frequency band, the gain at each frequency point is higher than 2.5dBi, demonstrating that the antenna device 1000 possesses excellent high-gain characteristics. The VSWR of antenna device 1000 is below 3 in some frequency bands (0.703GHz-0.789GHz, 0.849GHz-0.994GHz, 1.26GHz-1.88GHz), indicating good impedance matching. Combining the gain simulation results and the VSWR simulation structure, it can be concluded that the two antennas work together to effectively improve the overall radiation capability, ensuring the overall performance of antenna device 1000.

[0177] In addition, a few additional points need to be made regarding this application: I. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0178] 2. Unless otherwise stated, “multiple” means two or more.

[0179] 3. Unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions in different embodiments of this application are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0180] IV. The various numerical designations used in this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The magnitude of the serial numbers used in this application does not imply a sequential order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic. For example, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and other various terminology (if present) in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. Such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0181] Furthermore, any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner for ease of understanding.

[0182] V. The terms “comprising” and “having” and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules that are expressly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not expressly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product or device.

[0183] VI. The terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0184] VII. The Cartesian coordinate system and the x, y, z directions shown in the various embodiments of this application are exemplary identifiers for ease of understanding and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. In actual implementation, the placement of devices, the arrangement direction, and the direction of the beam may be designed differently, and other coordinate systems such as spherical coordinates may also be used.

[0185] 8. Unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. In this application, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0186] 9. Unless otherwise stated, the names of devices, systems, modules and other information in the embodiments of this application are merely examples, and devices, modules and modules are used to represent possible entities that implement a certain function, and the meanings of the three can be used interchangeably.

[0187] The above are merely some embodiments and implementation methods of this application. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by The antenna structure includes: a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna including a grounding stub connected to the second antenna; the orthographic projection of the first antenna on a first plane and the orthographic projection of the second antenna on the first plane are at least partially offset; the first plane is the plane where the second antenna is located.

2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The second antenna is in the shape of a ring, and the second antenna is arranged to form a clearance zone, with at least a portion of the first antenna opposite to the clearance zone.

3. The antenna structure of any one of claims 1-2, wherein, The first antenna is a monopole antenna or a PIFA antenna.

4. The antenna structure of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The first antenna further includes a feed stub, a first radiating stub, and a second radiating stub. The feed stub is used to connect to the feed section. The first radiating stub is used to support signals in a first frequency band, and the second radiating stub is used to support signals in a second frequency band.

5. The antenna structure of claim 4, wherein, The first radiating branch, the power supply branch, the grounding branch, and the second radiating branch are arranged sequentially along a second direction, which is parallel to the first plane.

6. The antenna structure of claim 5, wherein, The first radiating branch, the power supply branch, the grounding branch, and the second radiating branch are all located in the second plane, which is perpendicular to the first plane.

7. The antenna structure of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein, The first radiating branch includes a first curved segment.

8. The antenna structure of claim 7, wherein, The first radiating stub includes a first radiating segment, a second radiating segment, and a third radiating segment connected in sequence; the end of the first radiating segment away from the second radiating segment is connected to the power supply stub, and the end of the third radiating segment away from the second radiating segment is connected to the grounding stub; Along a first direction, the first radiating segment and the third radiating segment are spaced apart from each other, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane; At least one of the first radiation segment, the second radiation segment, and the third radiation segment includes the first curved segment.

9. The antenna structure of claim 8, wherein, The first radiating segment includes the first curved segment, which includes a plurality of first sub-segments and a plurality of second sub-segments. The first sub-segments extend along the first direction, and the second sub-segments extend along the second direction. The plurality of first sub-segments and the plurality of second sub-segments are arranged alternately and connected sequentially. The second direction is parallel to the first plane and perpendicular to the first direction. The second radiating segment extends along the first direction, and the third radiating segment extends along the second direction.

10. The antenna structure of any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein, The second radial branch includes a second curved segment.

11. The antenna structure of claim 10, wherein, The second radiating stub includes a fourth radiating segment, a fifth radiating segment, and a sixth radiating segment connected in sequence; the end of the fourth radiating segment away from the fifth radiating segment is connected to the grounding stub, and the end of the sixth radiating segment away from the fifth radiating segment is connected to the power supply stub; Along a first direction, the fourth radiation segment and the sixth radiation segment are spaced apart and opposite each other, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane; At least one of the fourth, fifth, and sixth radiation segments includes the second curved segment.

12. The antenna structure of claim 11, wherein, The fourth radiating segment includes the second curved segment, which includes multiple third sub-segments and multiple fourth sub-segments. The third sub-segments extend along the first direction, and the fourth sub-segments extend along the second direction. The multiple third sub-segments and multiple fourth sub-segments are arranged alternately and connected sequentially. The second direction is parallel to the first plane, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; The fifth radiation segment extends along the first direction, and the sixth radiation segment extends along the second direction.

13. The antenna structure of any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein, The first radiating branch, the feeding branch, and the grounding branch are all located in the second plane, which is perpendicular to the first plane; The second radiating branch is connected to the first radiating branch, the power supply branch, and the grounding branch, and there is an angle between the second radiating branch and the second plane.

14. The antenna structure according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first radiating branch, the feeding branch, and the grounding branch are arranged sequentially along a second direction, which is parallel to the first plane and the second plane. The first antenna further includes an impedance matching stub connected to the side of the grounding stub away from the feed stub.

15. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The second antenna includes a connecting stub, a third radiating stub, a fourth radiating stub, a fifth radiating stub, a sixth radiating stub, and a seventh radiating stub connected in sequence. The connecting branch has a power supply area and a grounding area. The power supply area is used to connect with the power supply unit, and the grounding area is used to connect with the radio frequency connector.

16. The antenna structure according to claim 15, characterized in that, The fifth radiating branch includes the third curved segment.

17. The antenna structure according to claim 16, characterized in that, The third bending segment includes multiple fifth sub-segments and multiple sixth sub-segments. The fifth sub-segments extend along the second direction, and the sixth sub-segments extend along the third direction. The multiple fifth sub-segments and multiple sixth sub-segments are arranged alternately and connected sequentially. Both the second direction and the third direction are parallel to the first plane, and the second direction is perpendicular to the third direction.

18. The antenna structure according to claim 17, characterized in that, The second antenna also includes a shunt stub, both ends of which are connected to any one of the fifth sub-segments.

19. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that, Along a third direction, the third radial branch and the fifth radial branch are spaced apart and opposite each other; the third radial branch is provided with a first notch, the first notch penetrates the third radial branch along a first direction, and the first notch penetrates the third radial branch on the side facing the fifth radial branch; The first direction is perpendicular to the first plane, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

20. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that, The third radial branch is provided with a first through hole, which penetrates the third radial branch along a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane.

21. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that, Along a third direction, the seventh radial branch and the fifth radial branch are spaced apart and opposite each other; the seventh radial branch is provided with a second notch, the second notch penetrates the seventh radial branch along a first direction, and the second notch penetrates the side of the seventh radial branch facing the fifth radial branch; The first direction is perpendicular to the first plane, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

22. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that, The seventh radial branch is provided with a second through hole, which penetrates the seventh radial branch along a first direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the first plane.

23. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that, The second antenna also includes a grounding part, one end of which is connected to the grounding area, and the other end of which is connected to the grounding branch.

24. An antenna device, characterized in that, The antenna device includes an antenna structure and a circuit board as described in any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the circuit board is provided with a power supply section; the first antenna is connected to the power supply section; the second antenna is stacked on the circuit board and is connected to the power supply section.

25. A terminal, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes any one of claims 1 to 23, or the antenna device according to claim 24.

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