Multifunctional low-voltage power distribution cabinet

Abstract

This invention provides a multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet for the field of power distribution equipment technology, addressing the contradiction between heat dissipation and sealing in existing distribution cabinets, and adapting to the end-point power distribution needs of smart grids. It includes an outer cabinet, an inner cabinet, a rear sealing plate, condenser tiles, a liquid collection box, an equipment mounting bracket, a cooling fan, a U-shaped inner sealing plate, liquid-cooled heat sinks, and an intelligent control module. The inner cabinet can slide horizontally relative to the outer cabinet, facilitating installation and maintenance; it employs a composite heat dissipation structure combining air cooling and liquid cooling, combined with fluorinated liquid, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency and safe insulation; the fully sealed design ensures outdoor adaptability. The intelligent control module can collect operating parameters and link with the smart grid monitoring platform to achieve remote monitoring, fault warning, and heat dissipation control. This invention has a reasonable structure, combining advantages such as efficient heat dissipation, intelligent linkage, and convenient maintenance, and can stably support high-load operation of smart grids, reducing operation and maintenance costs, and adapting to end-point power distribution in multiple scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power distribution equipment technology, and in particular to a multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] With the comprehensive advancement of smart grid construction, coordinated control of "source, grid, load and storage" has become the core of development. As a key device for power distribution at the end of the smart grid, low-voltage switchgear undertakes important functions such as smart metering, power distribution, electrical protection and fault monitoring. Its operating performance directly affects the stability, security and efficiency of power supply at the end of the smart grid.

[0003] Currently, smart grids are developing towards high load, high intelligence, and outdoor applications. Traditional low-voltage distribution cabinets face prominent contradictions in heat dissipation and sealing, as well as poor adaptability. Specifically, during the operation of a smart grid, the smart metering modules, control components, and switching equipment inside the cabinet continuously generate heat, especially under high summer temperatures, outdoor exposure, or high load conditions, where heat accumulation is severe. However, smart grid applications in outdoor and industrial parks require distribution cabinets with good sealing performance to prevent dust and moisture from entering and damaging electrical components. Traditional sealing structures hinder heat dissipation, and traditional air-cooling methods are inefficient and cannot quickly remove heat from the cabinet, leading to excessively high internal temperatures. This can easily cause electrical component aging, short circuits, and other faults, affecting the continuity of power distribution at the end of the smart grid.

[0004] To address the above issues, a multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to solve the technical problems of heat dissipation and sealing contradictions and poor heat dissipation performance in existing low-voltage distribution cabinets. Compared with the prior art, it provides a multi-functional low-voltage distribution cabinet, including: The outer cabinet consists of an outer rectangular frame and cabinet doors, with the cabinet doors rotatably connected to one side of the front of the outer rectangular frame; The inner cabinet is completely sealed and horizontally slidably connected to the back of the outer cabinet. It includes an inner rectangular frame that matches the inner contour of the outer rectangular frame. The top and bottom of the inner rectangular frame are provided with an exhaust chamber and an air intake chamber, and the two sides of the inner rectangular frame are provided with liquid cooling chambers. The rear cover plate is encapsulated on the back of the inner rectangular frame. The rear cover plate has a double-layer cover plate structure. The rear cover plate is provided with several equidistantly arranged air-cooled heat sinks. Air passages are provided between adjacent air-cooled heat sinks. The air passages connect the exhaust chamber and the intake chamber. The condenser tile is fixed to the top of the rear end plate and extends into the air intake chamber; A liquid collection box is fixed to the bottom of the condenser tile. The liquid collection box is filled with coolant, and droplet return ports are provided on both sides of the liquid collection box. The equipment mounting bracket is fixed to one side of the front of the rear cover plate and is located inside the inner rectangular frame for installing smart grid supporting electrical components; The cooling fan is located at the bottom of the back of the inner rectangular frame to increase the airflow speed in the air duct, exhaust chamber and intake chamber to achieve air cooling. The U-shaped inner sealing plate is located on the inside of the inner rectangular frame and is used to enclose the liquid cooling chamber. Liquid-cooled heat sinks are evenly spaced on the U-shaped inner sealing plate. One side of the liquid-cooled heat sink extends into the inner rectangular frame, and the other side extends into the liquid cooling chamber. These heat sinks are used to transfer heat from the inner rectangular frame into the liquid cooling chamber. The liquid-cooled heat sinks are also provided with liquid channels to guide the coolant in the collection box into the liquid cooling chamber, and then return the coolant to the collection box through evaporation and heat absorption, thereby achieving liquid cooling. The intelligent control module is fixed inside the inner rectangular frame and is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, cooling fan and supporting electrical components of the smart grid. It is used to collect the operating parameters of the distribution cabinet, regulate the working status of the cooling system, and communicate and link with the smart grid monitoring platform.

[0006] Furthermore, one side of the air-cooled heat sink extends through the rear cover plate and extends to the back side of the rear cover plate to transfer the temperature inside the inner rectangular frame to the outside. The top and bottom of the inner rectangular frame are respectively provided with several upper and lower conduits that communicate with the interior of the inner rectangular frame. The upper and lower conduits are used to insert input cables and output cables into the inner rectangular frame, respectively. The outer side of the upper conduit is provided with an exhaust port that communicates with the air intake chamber, and the outer side of the lower conduit is provided with an air intake port that communicates with the exhaust chamber. The output end of the cooling fan is connected to the input end of the air intake port. The temperature sensor is set inside the inner rectangular frame. The temperature sensor is used to collect temperature data inside the inner rectangular frame and transmit it to the intelligent control module, which adjusts the output power of the cooling fan.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the outer rectangular frame is provided with an adjustment notch that cooperates with the upper conduit, and the outer rectangular frame is also provided with locking bolts for fixing the sliding distance of the outer rectangular frame relative to the inner rectangular frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the overall cross-section of the condensing tile is V-shaped, the droplet return port is located at both ends of the V-shape of the condensing tile, and the top of the air-cooled heat sink extends to the top of the condensing tile to form an L-shaped structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the liquid cooling heat sink also includes an N-type siphon tube connected to the top of the liquid channel, the N-type siphon tube extending into the interior of the collection liquid box, the liquid channel is also provided with two opposing slow-flow baffles, the outer wall of the liquid channel is provided with a side evaporation port, the side evaporation port is connected to the liquid cooling chamber, and the side evaporation port is located between two opposing slow-flow baffles. The bottom of the liquid-cooled heat sink is provided with a drain port, and the liquid channel is connected to the liquid cooling chamber through the drain port.

[0010] Furthermore, the input end of the N-type siphon tube is flush with the lowest point of the collection box, and the highest point of the bend of the N-type siphon tube is lower than the height of the droplet return port.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical inner wall of the liquid cooling chamber is provided with several equally spaced flow-guiding groups. Each flow-guiding group is composed of several S-shaped heat dissipation plates that are adjacent to each other. The flow-guiding groups are located between adjacent liquid cooling heat dissipation plates, and capillary adsorption strips are filled between adjacent flow-guiding groups. The capillary adsorption strips are used to adsorb the coolant vapor condensate in the liquid cooling chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the input cable, output cable and the upper conduit and lower conduit are sealed with sealing rings, and the cabinet door and the outer rectangular frame, as well as the inner rectangular frame and the outer rectangular frame, are sealed with sealing gaskets, so that the inner rectangular frame is in a completely sealed state. The rear sealing plate and the inner rectangular frame are sealed with a sealing ring, forming a complete air-cooled cavity between the air intake chamber, air passage, and exhaust chamber; the U-shaped inner sealing plate and the inner rectangular frame are sealed with a sealing ring, forming a complete liquid-cooled cavity between the liquid-cooled chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the coolant is a fluorinated liquid, specifically Novec 7500, which has a normal boiling point of 128°C. It is insulating, non-conductive, and non-flammable, meeting the safety heat dissipation requirements of smart grid electrical components.

[0014] Compared to existing technologies, the advantages of this application are: This invention adopts a fully sealed structure design, which addresses the protection requirements of electrical components in smart grids and achieves multi-part sealed protection. It uses a composite heat dissipation structure of air cooling and liquid cooling. Air cooling is responsible for rapid heat dissipation over a large area, while liquid cooling achieves efficient cooling through the heat absorption of fluorinated liquid phase change. The two work together to effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency compared to traditional air-cooled distribution cabinets. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the state comparison when the distance between the outer cabinet and the inner cabinet is adjusted, as proposed in this application. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure when the outer cabinet and inner cabinet are separated, as proposed in this application. Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the inner cabinet proposed in this application; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the inner cabinet proposed in this application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of section C; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas flow direction in the air-cooled heat dissipation of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of this application; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram of section D in the middle; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow direction for liquid cooling in this application; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Enlarged structural diagram of section E in the middle.

[0016] Explanation of markings in the diagram: 1. Outer cabinet body; 11. Cabinet door; 12. Outer rectangular frame; 121. Adjustment notch groove; 2. Inner cabinet; 201. Air intake chamber; 202. Exhaust chamber; 203. Liquid cooling chamber; 21. Inner rectangular frame; 22. Top conduit; 221. Exhaust port; 23. Bottom conduit; 231. Air intake port; 24. Airflow guide assembly; 241. S-shaped heat sink; 3. Cooling fan; 4. Rear end plate; 41. Air-cooled heat sink; 42. Air duct; 5. Condensing tiles; 6. Equipment mounting frame; 7. Liquid collection box; 71. Droplet reflux port; 8. U-shaped inner sealing plate; 9. Liquid cooling fins; 91. N-type siphon tube; 92. Side evaporation port; 93. Flow damper; 94. Liquid channel; 95. Discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The embodiments will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Example: This invention provides a multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 - Figure 13 It includes an outer cabinet 1, an inner cabinet 2, a rear sealing plate 4, a condensing tile 5, a liquid collection box 7, an equipment mounting bracket 6, a cooling fan 3, a U-shaped inner sealing plate 8, liquid cooling heat sinks 9, and an intelligent control module. All components work together to achieve the functions of power distribution, efficient heat dissipation, intelligent monitoring, sealing protection, and convenient maintenance.

[0019] For details, please refer to the following first. Figure 1 The outer cabinet 1 consists of an outer rectangular frame 12 and a cabinet door 11. The cabinet door 11 is rotatably connected to one side of the front of the outer rectangular frame 12 and is used to open or close the distribution cabinet, which facilitates the daily inspection and maintenance of the electrical components of the smart grid. The cabinet door 11 is equipped with a transparent observation window, which makes it easy to observe the operating status of the electrical components inside the cabinet in real time. Routine inspections can be completed without disassembly, which meets the needs of efficient operation and maintenance of the smart grid.

[0020] The inner cabinet 2 is completely sealed and horizontally slidably connected to the back of the outer cabinet 1. The outer cabinet 1 can slide back and forth horizontally relative to the inner cabinet 2, flexibly adjusting the maintenance space and solving the problem of limited maintenance space in traditional distribution cabinets. It can also accommodate the installation requirements of electrical components of different specifications. The inner cabinet 2 includes an inner rectangular frame 21 that matches the inner contour of the outer rectangular frame 12. The top and bottom of the inner rectangular frame 21 are provided with an exhaust chamber 202 and an air intake chamber 201 for smooth airflow and to provide a channel for air cooling. The inner rectangular frame 21 has liquid cooling chambers 203 on both sides to contain coolant vapor, realize liquid cooling circulation, ensure stable operation of the heat dissipation system, and meet the high load heat dissipation requirements of smart grids.

[0021] Please refer to this first. Figure 4 - Figure 9 The rear cover plate 4 is encapsulated on the back of the inner rectangular frame 21. It adopts a double-layer cover plate structure, which not only enhances the sealing performance but also reduces heat conduction loss and improves heat dissipation efficiency. The rear cover plate 4 is provided with several equidistantly arranged air-cooled heat sinks 41. Air passages 42 are provided between adjacent air-cooled heat sinks 41. The air passages 42 connect the exhaust chamber 202 and the intake chamber 201 to form a complete air-cooled circulation channel, ensuring that the air-cooled airflow can fully contact the air-cooled heat sinks 41, quickly dissipate the heat inside the cabinet, and provide a suitable operating temperature environment for the electrical components of the smart grid.

[0022] Please refer to this first. Figure 5 - Figure 11 The condensing tile 5 is fixed to the top of the rear sealing plate 4 and extends into the air inlet chamber 201. Its core function is to condense the coolant vapor evaporated in the liquid cooling chamber 203 into liquid, realizing the recycling of coolant without the need for frequent coolant replenishment, thus reducing maintenance costs. The condensing tile 5 has a V-shaped cross-section, with droplet return ports 71 located at both ends of the V-shape, facilitating the rapid flow of condensed coolant along the V-shaped slope into the droplet return ports 71, thereby improving return efficiency. The top of the air-cooled heat sink 41 extends to the top of the condensing tile 5 and forms an L-shaped structure, which can be combined with air cooling to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the condensing tile 5, accelerate the condensation of coolant vapor, and ensure the smoothness of liquid cooling circulation.

[0023] The collection box 7 is fixed to the bottom of the condensing tile 5 and is filled with coolant. The coolant is Novec 7500 fluorinated liquid, which has a boiling point of 128°C at normal pressure. It has the characteristics of being insulating, non-conductive, non-flammable, chemically inert, low volatile, and having high heat dissipation efficiency. It is suitable for the safe heat dissipation requirements of electrical components in the smart grid and can effectively avoid electrical short circuit faults caused by coolant leakage, thus ensuring the power distribution safety of the smart grid. Both sides of the collection box 7 are provided with droplet return ports 71 to receive the coolant after condensation in the condensing tile 5, realizing a closed-loop circulation of coolant and improving resource utilization.

[0024] Please refer to this first. Figure 3 - Figure 4 The equipment mounting bracket 6 is fixed to one side of the front of the rear cover plate 4 and is located inside the inner rectangular frame 21. It is specifically used to install supporting electrical components for smart grids, such as smart metering modules, smart control switches, protection components, communication modules, etc. The mounting bracket can flexibly adjust the installation position according to the specifications of the electrical components to adapt to different types of supporting equipment for smart grids and improve equipment compatibility.

[0025] Please refer to this first. Figure 8 The cooling fan 3 is located at the bottom of the back of the inner rectangular frame 21 to increase the airflow speed in the air duct 42, exhaust chamber 202 and intake chamber 201, thereby enhancing the air cooling effect. The cooling fan 3 is electrically connected to the intelligent control module, which can automatically adjust the output power according to the temperature inside the cabinet to avoid energy waste and meet the requirements of energy saving and consumption reduction. The output end of the cooling fan 3 is connected to the input end of the air inlet 231 to ensure that the outside cold air can smoothly enter the air cooling circulation channel and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0026] The U-shaped inner sealing plate 8 is located inside the inner rectangular frame 21 to enclose the liquid cooling chamber 203, forming a complete liquid cooling cavity. This prevents coolant vapor leakage, ensures the stability of the liquid cooling cycle, and also prevents coolant vapor from entering the inner rectangular frame 21 and damaging the supporting electrical components of the smart grid. The U-shaped inner sealing plate 8 and the inner rectangular frame 21 are sealed with a sealing ring, further improving the sealing reliability and adapting to the outdoor and harsh environment operation requirements of the smart grid.

[0027] Liquid-cooled heat sinks 9 are evenly spaced on the U-shaped inner sealing plate 8, extending from one side into the inner rectangular frame 21 and from the other side into the liquid cooling chamber 203. Their primary function is to transfer heat from the inner rectangular frame 21 into the liquid cooling chamber 203 for efficient cooling. Each liquid-cooled heat sink 9 contains a liquid channel 94, the top of which is connected to an N-shaped siphon tube 91. The N-shaped siphon tube 91 extends into the liquid collection box 7. When the liquid level in the collection box 7 is higher than the height of the N-shaped siphon tube 91, the coolant in the collection box 7 is drawn into the liquid channel 94 using the siphon principle, requiring no additional power and providing energy efficiency and stability. The liquid channel 94 contains two opposing slow-flow mechanisms. The baffle 93 slows down the flow rate of the coolant, prolongs the residence time of the coolant in the liquid channel 94, improves the heat absorption efficiency, and ensures that the heat is fully absorbed. The outer wall of the liquid channel 94 is provided with a side evaporation port 92, which is connected to the liquid cooling chamber 203 and is located between two sets of opposing slow-flow baffles 93. This facilitates the coolant to absorb heat in the liquid channel 94 and then evaporate, forming coolant vapor that re-enters the liquid cooling chamber 203. The bottom of the liquid cooling fin 9 is provided with a discharge port 95, through which the liquid channel 94 is connected to the liquid cooling chamber 203. This facilitates the flow of unevaporated coolant in the liquid channel 94 into the liquid cooling chamber 203 to participate in the circulation and ensure the integrity of the liquid cooling circulation.

[0028] The intelligent control module is fixed inside the inner rectangular frame 21 and is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, cooling fan 3 and supporting electrical components of the smart grid. The intelligent control module can collect the operating parameters of the distribution cabinet, such as temperature, current and voltage, regulate the working status of the cooling system, and communicate and link with the smart grid monitoring platform to realize remote monitoring, fault early warning and remote control without the need for manual on-site duty, thus reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0029] Furthermore, one side of the air-cooled heat sink 41 extends through the rear cover plate 4 and to the back side of the rear cover plate 4, which can directly transfer the heat inside the inner rectangular frame 21 to the external environment, bypassing the intermediate conduction link, improving heat dissipation efficiency, and alleviating the high temperature pressure under high load conditions of the smart grid; the top and bottom of the inner rectangular frame 21 are respectively provided with several upper conduits 22 and lower conduits 23 that are connected to the inside of the inner rectangular frame 21, which are used to insert input cables and output cables into the inner rectangular frame 21 to realize the input and distribution of electrical energy, providing power for the smart grid. The power grid provides stable power to end users; the outer side of the upper conduit 22 is provided with an exhaust port 221 that communicates with the air intake chamber 201, and the outer side of the lower conduit 23 is provided with an air intake port 231 that communicates with the exhaust chamber 202, forming a complete air-cooled airflow channel; a temperature sensor is set in the inner rectangular frame 21 to collect temperature data in the inner rectangular frame 21 and transmit it to the intelligent control module, which automatically adjusts the output power of the cooling fan 3 according to the temperature data to achieve intelligent adaptation of air-cooled heat dissipation and avoid energy waste.

[0030] The top of the outer rectangular frame 12 is provided with an adjustment notch 121 that cooperates with the upper conduit 22, so that the upper conduit 22 can move smoothly when the inner cabinet 2 slides relative to the outer cabinet 1 without affecting the cable connection, ensuring the continuity of power transmission of the smart grid and avoiding power outages during maintenance; the outer rectangular frame 12 is also provided with locking bolts for fixing the sliding distance of the outer rectangular frame 12 relative to the inner rectangular frame 21. When the inner cabinet 2 is adjusted to a suitable maintenance position, it is fixed by locking bolts to ensure the stability of the cabinet structure during maintenance and the structural reliability during operation.

[0031] Please refer to this first. Figure 11 - Figure 13 The inlet of the N-type siphon 91 is flush with the lowest point of the collection box 7, ensuring that the coolant in the collection box 7 can be fully diverted, avoiding residue, improving coolant utilization, and reducing replenishment frequency. The highest point of the bend of the N-type siphon 91 is lower than the height of the droplet return port 71, ensuring that the condensed coolant can flow back smoothly to the collection box 7 to form a complete liquid cooling cycle without the need for additional power, reducing energy consumption and meeting the energy-saving requirements of smart grids.

[0032] Please refer to this first. Figure 5 The vertical inner wall of the liquid cooling chamber 203 is provided with several equally spaced flow-guiding groups 24. Each flow-guiding group 24 is composed of several S-shaped heat dissipation plates 241 arranged end to end and placed between adjacent liquid cooling heat dissipation fins 9. This can increase the heat dissipation area inside the liquid cooling chamber 203, accelerate the heat dissipation and condensation of coolant vapor, and improve the liquid cooling heat dissipation efficiency. The spaces between adjacent flow-guiding groups 24 are filled with capillary adsorption strips, which are used to adsorb the coolant vapor condensate inside the liquid cooling chamber 203 and guide the condensate to move upward from the bottom of the liquid cooling chamber 203 along the capillary adsorption strips to increase the heated evaporation area and further improve the heat dissipation efficiency. At the same time, it avoids the accumulation of condensate and affects the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling chamber 203.

[0033] The input and output cables are sealed with the upper conduit 22 and the lower conduit 23 by sealing rings. The cabinet door 11 and the outer rectangular frame 12, and the inner rectangular frame 21 and the outer rectangular frame 12 are sealed with sealing gaskets, so that the inner rectangular frame 21 is completely sealed, effectively blocking the intrusion of external dust, moisture and impurities, protecting the supporting electrical components of the smart grid from pollution and corrosion, and adapting to the operating requirements of the smart grid in harsh environments such as outdoor and industrial parks. The rear sealing plate 4 and the inner rectangular frame 21 are sealed with sealing rings, so that the air intake chamber 201, the air passage 42 and the exhaust chamber 202 form a complete air-cooling cavity, ensuring smooth airflow and improving air-cooling heat dissipation efficiency. The U-shaped inner sealing plate 8 and the inner rectangular frame 21 are sealed with sealing rings, so that the liquid cooling chamber 203 forms a complete liquid cooling cavity, preventing coolant vapor leakage, ensuring the stability of liquid cooling circulation, and preventing coolant vapor from entering the inner rectangular frame 21 and damaging electrical components.

[0034] The electric energy of the smart grid enters the inner rectangular frame 21 through the input cable passing through the upper pipe 22. After the electrical components supporting the smart grid on the equipment installation rack 6 complete power metering, distribution, and protection, it is transmitted to the end - user of the smart grid through the output cable of the lower pipe 23, realizing the precise distribution of electric energy at the end of the smart grid and ensuring stable terminal power consumption.

[0035] As the core control unit, the intelligent control module is fully linked with the temperature sensor, the cooling fan 3, and the electrical components supporting the smart grid. It real - time collects the operation parameters of the power distribution cabinet, such as the temperature inside the inner rectangular frame 21, the current, voltage, power of the electrical components, etc. The control unit analyzes and processes the collected parameters in real - time to judge whether the operation state is normal. At the same time, the intelligent control module establishes a wireless communication connection with the smart grid monitoring platform through the communication unit, and transmits the collected operation parameters to the monitoring platform in real - time, realizing the remote monitoring of the operation state of the power distribution cabinet.

[0036] When the collected parameters exceed the preset thresholds, such as too high cabinet temperature, current overload, voltage abnormality, etc., the intelligent control module immediately issues a fault warning signal, which is synchronously transmitted to the smart grid monitoring platform to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to deal with it in time; at the same time, it automatically starts emergency regulation measures, such as increasing the power of the cooling fan 3, cutting off the faulty circuit, etc. When necessary, it联动智能电网监控平台进行远程断电保护,避免故障扩大,保障智能电网末端配电系统的安全稳定运行,减少停电损失。

[0037] The present invention adopts an air - cooling and liquid - cooling composite heat - dissipation structure. The two work together, which not only solves the heat - dissipation problem of the sealed cabinet but also ensures the heat - dissipation efficiency, fully adapting to the high - temperature heat - dissipation requirements under the high - load working conditions of the smart grid. During air - cooling, part of the heat generated during the operation of the electrical components supporting the smart grid is conducted to the air inside the inner rectangular frame 21 through the air. The temperature sensor real - time collects the temperature data inside the cabinet and transmits it to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module automatically regulates the start and output power of the cooling fan 3 according to the temperature data. When the temperature inside the cabinet is at a relatively low level, such as below 30 °C, the cooling fan 3 operates at a low power to reduce energy consumption; when the temperature inside the cabinet rises, such as between 30 °C and 35 °C, the cooling fan 3 increases its power to improve the air - cooling efficiency. Here, the part "联动智能电网监控平台进行远程断电保护,避免故障扩大,保障智能电网末端配电系统的安全稳定运行,减少停电损失。" seems to be a bit unclear in the original Chinese. I've left it as is for now, but it might need further clarification in the original text.

[0038] When the cooling fan 3 is working, it draws outside cold air into the exhaust chamber 202 through the air inlet 231 of the under-conduit 23. After the cold air is evenly distributed in the exhaust chamber 202, it flows upward through the air passage 42 on the rear cover plate 4. During the flow, it comes into full contact with the air-cooled heat sink 41 and absorbs the heat transferred by the air-cooled heat sink 41. The air-cooled heat sink 41 directly absorbs the heat from the air inside the inner rectangular frame 21 and the heat conducted by the electrical components. The hot air that has absorbed the heat continues to flow upward, enters the air inlet 201, and is finally discharged from the distribution cabinet through the exhaust port 221 of the upper conduit 22, completing the air-cooling heat dissipation cycle. At the same time, the part of the air-cooled heat sink 41 that extends to the back of the rear cover plate 4 directly transfers heat to the external environment, bypassing the intermediate conduction link, further improving the air-cooling heat dissipation efficiency, realizing the rapid removal of heat from the cabinet, and alleviating the problem of heat accumulation under high load conditions of the smart grid.

[0039] During liquid cooling, when the Novec 7500 fluorinated liquid in the collection box 7 is full, it is guided into the liquid channel 94 through the N-type siphon 91 of the liquid cooling fin 9. The flow-slowing baffle 93 in the liquid channel 94 slows down the flow rate of the coolant, prolonging the residence time of the coolant in the liquid channel 94, ensuring that the coolant can fully absorb heat. The liquid cooling fin 9 extends to one side of the inner rectangular frame 21, directly contacting the high-temperature air and electrical components inside the inner rectangular frame 21, quickly transferring the local high-temperature heat generated under the high load conditions of the smart grid to the fluorinated liquid in the liquid channel 94.

[0040] After absorbing heat, the fluorinated liquid's temperature rises. A portion of it evaporates into vapor through the side evaporation port 92 on the outer wall of the liquid channel 94 and enters the sealed liquid cooling chamber 203. The fluorinated liquid vapor in the liquid cooling chamber 203 comes into full contact with the drainage group 24 on the inner wall of the liquid cooling chamber 203 and the S-shaped heat dissipation plate 241. The S-shaped heat dissipation plate 241 increases the heat dissipation area, allowing the vapor to dissipate heat and cool down quickly. At the same time, the air-cooled heat sink 41 extends to the L-shaped structure of the condensing tile 5, accelerating the heat dissipation of the condensing tile 5. The condensing tile 5 quickly condenses the rising fluorinated liquid vapor in the liquid cooling chamber 203 into liquid coolant.

[0041] The condensed liquid coolant flows along the V-shaped slope of the condenser tile 5 into the droplet return ports 71 on both sides of the collection box 7, re-entering the collection box 7 to complete one phase change heat dissipation cycle. Unevaporated fluorinated liquid in the liquid channel 94 flows into the liquid cooling chamber 203 through the discharge port 95 at the bottom of the liquid cooling fin 9. After being adsorbed and guided by the capillary strips between the guide groups 24, the distribution area of ​​the fluorinated liquid increases, allowing it to participate in the heat absorption and evaporation cycle again, forming a complete liquid cooling phase change heat dissipation cycle. The evaporation process of the fluorinated liquid absorbs a large amount of heat, and the condensation process releases heat. Through this phase change process, efficient heat removal from the cabinet is achieved, which is particularly suitable for localized high-temperature heat dissipation under high load conditions in smart grids, ensuring that the temperature inside the cabinet remains stable within the suitable operating range of the smart grid electrical components.

[0042] The composite heat dissipation logic employs two main methods: air cooling primarily removes heat from the overall air within the cabinet, achieving large-area, rapid heat dissipation and addressing the issue of overall temperature rise within the cabinet; liquid cooling primarily removes heat from localized high-temperature areas under high load conditions in the smart grid, achieving efficient cooling through phase change heat absorption and resolving localized overheating. Both work in tandem, with the intelligent control module automatically adjusting the heat dissipation mode based on the cabinet temperature. When the cabinet temperature is low, only air cooling is activated; when the temperature rises to a preset threshold, such as 35°C, liquid cooling is simultaneously activated, forming a dual heat dissipation mode of air and liquid cooling. This solves the heat dissipation problem of the sealed cabinet while ensuring heat dissipation efficiency, preventing excessively high temperatures from affecting the operational performance of smart grid electrical components and ensuring the stability of power distribution at the smart grid's end.

[0043] This invention employs a fully sealed structural design, addressing the protection requirements of electrical components in smart grids. It achieves multi-part sealed protection, ensuring stable operation of the distribution cabinet in harsh environments such as outdoors and industrial parks. A composite heat dissipation structure combining air cooling and liquid cooling is used. Air cooling handles rapid, large-area heat dissipation, while liquid cooling achieves efficient cooling through the heat absorption of fluorinated liquid phase change. The synergistic effect of both significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency compared to traditional air-cooled distribution cabinets. This effectively solves the problems of severe overheating and insufficient heat dissipation of electrical components under high load conditions in smart grids, preventing faults such as component aging, short circuits, and insulation damage. It extends the service life of electrical components, ensures the stable operation of the smart grid's end-point distribution system, reduces power outage losses due to high-temperature faults, and contributes to achieving the goal of continuous power supply for smart grids.

[0044] The above description is only the best implementation method adopted in this application in combination with current practical needs, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto.

Claims

1. A multifunction low voltage switchgear cabinet characterized in that, include: The outer cabinet (1) is composed of an outer rectangular frame (12) and a cabinet door (11), wherein the cabinet door (11) is rotatably connected to one side of the front of the outer rectangular frame (12); The inner cabinet (2) is sealed as a whole and horizontally slidably connected to the back of the outer cabinet (1), including an inner rectangular frame (21) that matches the inner contour of the outer rectangular frame (12). The top and bottom of the inner rectangular frame (21) are provided with an exhaust chamber (202) and an air intake chamber (201). The two sides of the inner rectangular frame (21) are provided with liquid cooling chambers (203). The rear sealing plate (4) is encapsulated on the back of the inner rectangular frame (21). The rear sealing plate (4) is a double-layer sealing plate structure. The rear sealing plate (4) is provided with a number of equidistantly arranged air-cooled heat sinks (41). Air passages (42) are provided between adjacent air-cooled heat sinks (41). The air passages (42) connect the exhaust chamber (202) and the intake chamber (201). The condenser tile (5) is fixed to the top of the rear sealing plate (4) and extends into the air intake chamber (201); A liquid collection box (7) is fixed to the bottom of the condenser tile (5). The liquid collection box (7) is filled with coolant. Both sides of the liquid collection box (7) are provided with droplet return ports (71). The equipment mounting bracket (6) is fixed to one side of the front of the rear sealing plate (4) and is set inside the inner rectangular frame (21) for installing smart grid supporting electrical components; A cooling fan (3) is located at the bottom of the back of the inner rectangular frame (21) to increase the airflow speed in the air passage (42), exhaust chamber (202) and intake chamber (201) to achieve air cooling. The U-shaped inner sealing plate (8) is set on the inner side of the inner rectangular frame (21) and is used to encapsulate the liquid cooling chamber (203). Liquid cooling heat sinks (9) are evenly spaced on the U-shaped inner sealing plate (8). One side of the liquid cooling heat sink (9) extends into the inner rectangular frame (21), and the other side of the liquid cooling heat sink (9) extends into the liquid cooling chamber (203) to transfer heat from the inner rectangular frame (21) into the liquid cooling chamber (203). The liquid cooling heat sink (9) is also provided with a liquid channel (94) to guide the coolant in the collection liquid box (7) into the liquid cooling chamber (203) and return it to the collection liquid box (7) through evaporation and heat absorption, thereby achieving liquid cooling heat dissipation. The intelligent control module is fixed inside the inner rectangular frame (21) and electrically connected to the temperature sensor, cooling fan (3) and supporting electrical components of the smart grid. It is used to collect the operating parameters of the distribution cabinet, regulate the working status of the heat dissipation system, and communicate and link with the smart grid monitoring platform.

2. The multifunction low voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that, One side of the air-cooled heat sink (41) extends through the rear cover plate (4) and extends to the back side of the rear cover plate (4) to transfer the temperature inside the inner rectangular frame (21) to the outside. The top and bottom of the inner rectangular frame (21) are respectively provided with a number of upper conduits (22) and lower conduits (23) that are connected to the inside of the inner rectangular frame (21). The upper conduits (22) and lower conduits (23) are respectively used to insert input cables and output cables into the inner rectangular frame (21). The outer side of the upper conduit (22) is provided with an exhaust port (221) that communicates with the air intake chamber (201), and the outer side of the lower conduit (23) is provided with an air intake port (231) that communicates with the exhaust chamber (202). The output end of the cooling fan (3) is connected to the input end of the air intake port (231). The temperature sensor is set inside the inner rectangular frame (21). The temperature sensor is used to collect temperature data inside the inner rectangular frame (21) and transmit it to the intelligent control module, which adjusts the output power of the cooling fan (3).

3. The multifunction low voltage switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the outer rectangular frame (12) is provided with an adjustment notch (121) that cooperates with the upper conduit (22). The outer rectangular frame (12) is also provided with a locking bolt for fixing the sliding distance of the outer rectangular frame (12) relative to the inner rectangular frame (21).

4. A multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The condenser tile (5) has a V-shaped cross-section. The droplet return port (71) is located at both ends of the V-shape of the condenser tile (5). The top of the air-cooled heat sink (41) extends to the top of the condenser tile (5) and forms an L-shaped structure.

5. A multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid cooling heat sink (9) also includes an N-type siphon tube (91) connected to the top of the liquid channel (94). The N-type siphon tube (91) extends into the interior of the liquid collection box (7). The liquid channel (94) is also provided with two opposing slow-flow baffles (93). The outer wall of the liquid channel (94) is provided with a side evaporation port (92). The side evaporation port (92) is connected to the liquid cooling chamber (203). The side evaporation port (92) is located between two opposing slow-flow baffles (93). The bottom of the liquid cooling heat sink (9) is provided with a discharge port (95), and the liquid channel (94) is connected to the liquid cooling chamber (203) through the discharge port (95).

6. A multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that, The input end of the N-type siphon (91) is flush with the lowest point of the collection box (7), and the highest point of the bend of the N-type siphon (91) is lower than the height of the droplet return port (71).

7. A multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vertical inner wall of the liquid cooling chamber (203) is provided with several equally spaced drainage groups (24). The drainage group (24) is composed of several S-shaped heat dissipation plates (241) arranged end to end. The drainage group (24) is located between adjacent liquid cooling heat dissipation plates (9). The space between adjacent drainage groups (24) is filled with capillary adsorption strips. The capillary adsorption strips are used to adsorb the coolant vapor condensate in the liquid cooling chamber (203).

8. A multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The input cable, output cable and the upper conduit (22) and lower conduit (23) are sealed with sealing rings. The cabinet door (11) and the outer rectangular frame (12) and the inner rectangular frame (21) and the outer rectangular frame (12) are sealed with sealing gaskets, so that the inner rectangular frame (21) is completely sealed. The rear sealing plate (4) and the inner rectangular frame (21) are sealed by a sealing ring, so that the air intake chamber (201), the air passage (42) and the exhaust chamber (202) form a complete air-cooled cavity; the U-shaped inner sealing plate (8) and the inner rectangular frame (21) are sealed by a sealing ring, so that the liquid cooling chamber (203) forms a complete liquid cooling cavity.

9. A multifunctional low-voltage distribution cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coolant is a fluorinated liquid, specifically Novec 7500, which has a normal boiling point of 128°C. It is insulating, non-conductive, and non-flammable, meeting the safety and heat dissipation requirements of smart grid electrical components.

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