Intelligent switch cabinet for underground mine based on internet of things

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of switchgear technology, and in particular provides an IoT-enabled smart switchgear for use in mines, comprising a cabinet, a first protective mechanism, a second protective mechanism, and a linkage mechanism; the top of the cabinet has an assembly hole, in which a perforated ventilator is embedded and fixed; the first protective mechanism includes a plastic cover plate, the edge area of ​​which is fixedly connected to the bottom edge area of ​​the perforated ventilator, and the remaining surface area of ​​the plastic cover plate is fitted to the corresponding area of ​​the bottom surface of the perforated ventilator; a deflection plate with a hinged joint and equipped with an elastic positioning device horizontally carries the extinguishing medium, achieving stable storage and large-capacity storage of the extinguishing medium; by setting up a linkage mechanism, a screw drive drives the pressure plate and the drive plate to move vertically synchronously, so that the pressure plate presses down on the deflection plate and automatically pours the extinguishing medium towards the electrical component installation area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of switchgear technology, and in particular to an IoT-enabled smart switchgear for use in underground mines. Background Technology

[0002] In underground coal mining operations, IoT-enabled smart switchgear, as the core control equipment of the underground power supply system, plays a crucial role in power distribution, circuit on / off control, and equipment overload protection. Its operational stability directly affects underground power supply safety and mining efficiency. The underground working environment is complex and harsh, with relatively enclosed spaces, poor air circulation, and a large amount of particulate matter such as coal dust and rock dust mixed in the air. Currently, most conventional mining switchgear on the market has a fixed ventilation structure on the top for heat dissipation and ventilation during equipment operation. This alleviates the heat accumulation problem caused by long-term operation of components inside the cabinet, meets the basic heat dissipation requirements of the equipment, and is widely used in various underground power supply scenarios.

[0003] Existing mine switchgear still suffers from the following technical defects in actual use: Dust from the underground environment can enter the cabinet, easily causing a decrease in the heat dissipation efficiency and insulation performance of components, leading to safety hazards such as short circuits, overloads, and fires. When the cabinet experiences temperature rise or overheating, it cannot automatically complete fire extinguishing, cooling, and pressure relief operations in a timely manner, relying on manual inspection and risk response, which is insufficient to meet the intelligent safety protection requirements of the high-risk underground environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an IoT-enabled smart switch cabinet for use in mines, comprising a cabinet body, a first protective mechanism, a second protective mechanism, and a linkage mechanism. The top of the cabinet is provided with an assembly hole, and a perforated ventilation plate is embedded and fixed in the assembly hole. The first protective mechanism includes a plastic cover plate, the edge area of ​​which is fixedly connected to the bottom edge area of ​​the perforated ventilated plate, and the remaining plate area of ​​which is attached to the corresponding bottom area of ​​the perforated ventilated plate. The second protective mechanism includes a deflection plate, which is disposed inside the cabinet and located on the bottom side of the plastic cover plate. One end of the deflection plate is hinged to the inner cavity wall of the cabinet. An elastic positioning device is provided between the hinged end of the deflection plate and the cavity wall of the cabinet. The elastic positioning device is used to limit the deflection plate to a horizontal position to carry the fire extinguishing medium. The free end of the deflection plate extends away from the cavity wall of the cabinet. The linkage mechanism includes a screw, a pressure plate, and a drive plate. The screw is vertically installed inside the cabinet and connected to a drive motor. The pressure plate and the drive plate are both connected to the screw via threaded holes. The drive plate is located on the bottom side of the plastic cover plate and connected to the plastic cover plate. The pressure plate is located on the bottom side of the drive plate and presses against the top surface of the free end of the deflection plate. When the screw rotates, it can drive the pressure plate and the drive plate to move vertically in sync. The pressure plate presses down and drives the deflection plate to deflect in order to pour out the fire extinguishing medium. The drive plate pulls the plastic cover plate to deform and separate it from the perforated ventilator, thereby realizing the opening and closing switching of the perforated ventilator.

[0005] As a further preferred embodiment, the plastic cover plate has a plurality of plastic deformation holes arranged in a ring array. When the plastic cover plate is attached to the corresponding area on the bottom surface of the perforated vent plate, the plastic deformation holes shrink and close. When the plastic cover plate is pulled to deformation by the drive disc, the plastic deformation holes open.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, a thin steel wire is connected to the plastic cover plate, the other end of the thin steel wire is connected to the drive plate, the cabinet cavity wall is provided with a guide rail along the height direction, the outer wall of the drive plate is connected with a lifting rod, and the other end of the lifting rod is slidably engaged with the guide rail.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the area of ​​the mounting hole is one-third of the area of ​​the top of the cabinet.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the deflection plates are arranged in two locations, symmetrically on both sides of the screw. The bottom surface of the pressure plate is provided with two sets of rollers, and the two rollers abut against the top surface of the free end of the corresponding two deflection plates. The top surface of the free end of the deflection plates is provided with wheel rails that cooperate with the two rollers.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the screw is vertically positioned in the middle of the cabinet, and the free ends of the two deflection plates extend to the middle of the cabinet.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the motor is fixed inside the cabinet to drive the screw to rotate. A temperature sensor is installed inside the cabinet and is signal-connected to the drive motor. The temperature sensor collects the ambient temperature inside the cabinet in real time. When the detected temperature reaches the preset protection threshold range of 55℃-60℃, the temperature sensor outputs an electrical signal to trigger the drive motor to start, driving the screw to rotate, thereby completing the automatic protection action of pouring the fire extinguishing medium and conducting heat dissipation through the perforated ventilated plate 102.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the elastic positioning device includes a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the hinge shaft connecting the deflection plate and the cabinet. One end of the torsion spring abuts against the cabinet cavity wall, and the other end abuts against the deflection plate. Under normal conditions, the torsion spring provides an elastic pushing force to keep the deflection plate in a horizontal locked position. When the pressure plate is pressed down, it can overcome the spring force of the torsion spring and drive the deflection plate to deflect downward. After the pressure is released, the torsion spring drives the deflection plate to automatically return to a horizontal state.

[0012] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: By setting mounting holes on the top of the cabinet and embedding a perforated ventilated plate, a controllable ventilation and heat dissipation channel is provided for the cabinet, achieving rapid heat dissipation. A first protective mechanism, utilizing a plastic cover plate to seal the bottom of the perforated ventilated plate under normal conditions, effectively blocks underground dust and coal ash impurities, ensuring the cleanliness of the cabinet interior and achieving controllable ventilation. A second protective mechanism inside the cabinet uses a hinged deflector plate equipped with an elastic positioning device to horizontally support the extinguishing medium, achieving stable storage and large-capacity reserve of the extinguishing medium. A linkage mechanism, using a screw drive to synchronously move the pressure plate and drive plate vertically, achieves a double-linkage protection action: the pressure plate presses down on the deflector plate to automatically tilt the extinguishing medium towards the electrical component installation area, and the screw drives the drive plate to automatically open the ventilated structure by pulling the plastic cover plate, replacing manual risk response and meeting the intelligent safety protection needs of high-risk underground environments. Under the linkage action, the deformation of the plastic cover plate allows for rapid release of high-temperature pressure inside the cabinet, resulting in a simple structure. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an IoT-enabled smart switchgear for underground mining provided as an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the opening of the cabinet door of an IoT-enabled smart switchgear used in underground mines, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an IoT smart switchgear for use in mines, provided as an embodiment of the present invention, from a third-person perspective; Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A of an IoT-enabled smart switchgear for use in mines, provided for an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The IoT smart switchgear for underground mining provided in the embodiments of the present invention consists of... Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the main view plane; Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B of an IoT-enabled smart switchgear for use in mines, provided for an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A bottom-view plan view of the plastic cover plate in the IoT smart switch cabinet for underground mining provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Cabinet; 101. Assembly hole; 102. Perforated ventilation plate; 103. Guide rail; 2. First protective mechanism; 21. Plastic cover plate; 211. Plastic deformation hole; 212. Fine steel wire; 3. Second protective mechanism; 31. Deflection plate; 311. Wheel and rail; 4. Linkage mechanism; 41. Screw; 42. Pressure plate; 421. Roller; 43. Drive plate; 431. Lifting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The above and other embodiments and advantages of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0016] In one implementation, such as Figures 1-7 As shown: This embodiment provides an IoT smart switch cabinet for use in mines, including a cabinet body 1, a first protective mechanism 2, a second protective mechanism 3, and a linkage mechanism 4; The top of the cabinet 1 has an assembly hole 101, and a perforated ventilation plate 102 is embedded and fixed in the assembly hole 101. The first protective mechanism 2 includes a plastic cover plate 21. The edge area of ​​the plastic cover plate 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom edge area of ​​the perforated ventilated plate 102, and the remaining plate area of ​​the plastic cover plate 21 is attached to the corresponding area of ​​the bottom surface of the perforated ventilated plate 102. The second protective mechanism 3 includes a deflection plate 31, which is located inside the cabinet 1 and on the bottom side of the plastic cover plate 21. One end of the deflection plate 31 is hinged to the inner wall of the cabinet 1. An elastic positioning device is provided between the hinged end of the deflection plate 31 and the inner wall of the cabinet 1. The elastic positioning device is used to limit the deflection plate 31 to a horizontal position to carry the fire extinguishing medium. The free end of the deflection plate 31 extends away from the inner wall of the cabinet 1. The linkage mechanism 4 includes a screw 41, a pressure plate 42, and a drive plate 43. The screw 41 is vertically installed inside the cabinet 1 and connected to the drive motor. The pressure plate 42 and the drive plate 43 are both connected to the screw 41 through threaded holes. The drive plate 43 is located on the bottom side of the plastic cover plate 21 and is connected to the plastic cover plate 21. The pressure plate 42 is located on the bottom side of the drive plate 43 and presses against the top surface of the free end of the deflection plate 31. When the screw 41 rotates, it can drive the pressure plate 42 and the drive disc 43 to move vertically in sync. The pressure plate 42 presses down to drive the deflection plate 31 to deflect and pour out the extinguishing medium. The drive disc 43 pulls the plastic cover plate 21 to deform and separate it from the perforated ventilated plate 102, thereby realizing the opening and closing switching of the perforated ventilated plate 102.

[0017] Cabinet 1 serves as the overall load-bearing base for the equipment. The top of cabinet 1 has an assembly hole 101, and a perforated ventilation plate 102 is embedded and fixed inside the assembly hole 101. The perforated ventilation plate 102 serves as the basic structure for ventilation and protection of the top of cabinet 1, enabling airflow between the inside and outside of cabinet 1, while also forming a closed shield to protect the assembly hole 101 on the top of cabinet 1, preventing large debris from entering the interior of cabinet 1.

[0018] The first protective mechanism 2 is mainly composed of a plastic cover plate 21, which is made of elastically deformable plastic material and has good deformation recovery ability. The edge area of ​​the plastic cover plate 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom edge area of ​​the perforated vent plate 102. Except for the fixed edge area, the remaining plate area of ​​the plastic cover plate 21 is completely attached to the corresponding bottom area of ​​the perforated vent plate 102. Through the full-coverage attachment structure of the plastic cover plate 21, the vent holes of the perforated vent plate 102 can be sealed and blocked, and the perforated vent plate 102 is sealed from the bottom, preventing external dust, coal ash and other impurities from entering the cabinet 1 through the vent holes, thus achieving dust protection for the components inside the cabinet 1.

[0019] The second protective mechanism 3 mainly consists of a deflector plate 31, which is horizontally arranged inside the cabinet 1 and located at the bottom of the plastic cover plate 21, forming a layered structure with the upper plastic cover plate 21. One end of the deflector plate 31 is hinged to the inner wall of the cabinet 1, allowing the deflector plate 31 to rotate around the hinge point. An elastic positioning device is installed between the hinge end of the deflector plate 31 and the inner wall of the cabinet 1. Under normal conditions, the elastic positioning device locks the posture of the deflector plate 31, keeping it in a stable horizontal state. The horizontal deflector plate 31 can stably support and hold fire extinguishing media, storing fire extinguishing materials for high temperature and fire malfunctions of the cabinet 1. At the same time, the free end of the deflector plate 31 extends away from the inner wall of the cabinet 1, effectively expanding the load-bearing area and increasing the storage capacity of the fire extinguishing media, ensuring sufficient fire extinguishing materials are available in the event of a malfunction.

[0020] The linkage mechanism 4, as the core linkage drive structure of the equipment, mainly includes a screw 41, a pressure plate 42, and a drive disc 43. The screw 41 is vertically mounted and fixed inside the cabinet 1. A dedicated drive motor is connected to the top or bottom of the screw 41, providing power to rotate the screw 41 in either the forward or reverse direction. Both the pressure plate 42 and the drive disc 43 have threaded holes adapted to the screw 41. They are mounted on the screw 41 via threaded transmission, allowing for synchronized vertical upward or downward displacement following the forward and reverse rotation of the screw 41. In terms of assembly structure, the drive disc 43 is located on the bottom side of the plastic cover plate 21 and is fixedly connected to it, allowing for synchronous pulling and pushing of the plastic cover plate 21. The pressure plate 42 is located on the bottom side of the drive disc 43, with its bottom surface pressing against the top surface of the free end of the deflection plate 31, creating vertical pressure on the free end of the deflection plate 31.

[0021] Under normal operating conditions with no abnormal temperatures, the drive motor is stopped, the screw 41 remains stationary, and both the pressure plate 42 and the drive disc 43 are stationary in their upper positions. At this time, the elastic positioning device continuously provides elastic limit to the deflection plate 31, ensuring that the deflection plate 31 remains stable and horizontal, and the plate surface smoothly supports the extinguishing medium without deviation or tilting. Simultaneously, the plastic cover plate 21 completely adheres to and covers the bottom surface of the perforated vent plate 102, completely sealing the ventilation channels of the perforated vent plate 102. Downhole dust and moisture impurities cannot enter the cabinet 1 through the ventilation holes, effectively ensuring a clean working environment for the electrical components inside the cabinet and preventing equipment failures caused by dust accumulation and moisture.

[0022] When the switchgear operates under overload for a long time, the underground environment heats up, or components inside the cabinet malfunction and generate heat, a high-temperature risk condition occurs. The temperature inside the cabinet continues to rise, triggering the equipment's preset high-temperature protection mechanism. At this time, the drive motor starts working, driving the screw 41 to rotate in a specific direction. Utilizing the principle of threaded transmission, the pressure plate 42 on the drive screw 41 and the drive disc 43 move downwards and vertically in sync. During the downward movement, the pressure plate 42 first applies a downward squeezing force to the free end of the deflection plate 31. This squeezing force overcomes the elastic limiting force of the elastic positioning device, forcing the deflection plate 31 to deflect and tilt downwards around the hinge point. The fire extinguishing medium, which was originally horizontally supported, slides and tilts rapidly with the tilted plate surface, accurately falling onto the surface of the overheated or malfunctioning components inside the cabinet, achieving automatic fire extinguishing, cooling, and flame retardancy, and preventing the further spread of the fault.

[0023] Simultaneously, the drive plate 43 moves downward synchronously with the screw 41, continuously pulling the plastic cover plate 21 during the downward movement. This causes the plastic cover plate 21, which was originally attached to the perforated vent plate 102, to undergo elastic deformation. The area where the plastic cover plate 21 and the perforated vent plate 102 are attached gradually separates, creating a gap. This releases the blockage of the perforated vent plate 102, and the perforated vent plate 102 switches from a closed state to a fully open state. The high-temperature hot air and accumulated heat generated during the fire extinguishing process inside the cabinet can be quickly released to the outside through the open perforated vent plate 102, rapidly reducing the ambient temperature inside the cabinet. This prevents heat accumulation from causing secondary fires, insulation aging, and other problems, achieving a linkage protection function for fire extinguishing and heat dissipation under high-temperature faults. After the temperature inside the cabinet returns to normal, the motor reverses to drive the screw 41 to reset, the pressure plate 42 and the drive plate 43 move upward to relieve pressure, the deflection plate 31 automatically resets to a horizontal state under the action of the elastic positioning device, the plastic cover plate 21 re-attaches to the sealing hole type ventilation plate 102, the equipment returns to normal dust protection state, and the cabinet door is opened to store the fire extinguishing medium again.

[0024] Specifically, the plastic cover plate 21 has a number of plastic deformation holes 211 arranged in a ring array. When the plastic cover plate 21 is attached to the corresponding area on the bottom surface of the perforated vent plate 102, the plastic deformation holes 211 shrink and close. When the plastic cover plate 21 is pulled to deformation by the drive disk 43, the plastic deformation holes 211 open.

[0025] Plastic deformation holes 211 are installed throughout the surface of the plastic cover plate 21. Utilizing the elastic plastic deformation characteristics of the plastic cover plate 21 itself, the plastic deformation holes 211 can open and close according to changes in the stress state of the plate surface. When the equipment is in normal working condition, the plastic cover plate 21 is flat and adheres to the corresponding area on the bottom surface of the perforated vent plate 102. At this time, the plastic cover plate 21 is not subjected to any external pulling force, and the plate surface remains flat and closed. Each plastic deformation hole 211 then contracts and closes completely, further ensuring the sealing effect of the plastic cover plate 21 on the perforated vent plate 102. This completely prevents fine dust from penetrating into the cabinet 1 through the gaps in the plate, further improving the dustproof and airtight performance of the cabinet 1. When a high-temperature risk condition occurs inside the cabinet, the drive plate 43 moves downward with the screw 41 and exerts a downward pulling force on the plastic cover plate 21. The plastic cover plate 21 undergoes elastic deformation under tension, changing from a flat state to an axially stretched state. The array of plastic deformation holes 211 open synchronously with the stretching action, increasing the overall ventilation area of ​​the perforated vent plate 102. This allows the accumulated high-temperature heat inside the cabinet to escape more quickly and smoothly, effectively improving the heat dissipation and pressure relief efficiency under high-temperature conditions and ensuring rapid cooling and reset of the components inside the cabinet. For example, during retraction, the plastic deformation holes 211 close; during stretching, they are stretched into elliptical holes, allowing the high-temperature heat inside the cabinet to pass through the plastic deformation holes 211 and enter the perforated vent plate 102, from which it is released outwards.

[0026] Specifically, a thin steel wire 212 is connected to the plastic cover plate 21, and the other end of the thin steel wire 212 is connected to the drive plate 43. The cavity wall of the cabinet 1 is provided with a guide rail 103 along the height direction. The outer wall of the drive plate 43 is connected with a lifting rod 431, and the other end of the lifting rod 431 slides in cooperation with the guide rail 103.

[0027] The thin steel wire 212 is arranged around the plastic cover plate 21 along its layout trajectory, with the lower end of the thin steel wire 212 uniformly connected to the surface of the drive plate 43. Through the annular traction structure of the thin steel wire 212, a multi-point uniform traction engagement is formed between the drive plate 43 and the plastic cover plate 21. Compared to a single-point connection, this ensures that the tension is evenly distributed across the entire surface of the plastic cover plate 21, avoiding uneven local stress leading to unilateral deformation or traction deviation, and ensuring uniform overall deformation and synchronous opening and closing of the plastic cover plate 21. Simultaneously, a guide rail 103 is provided along the vertical height of the inner wall of the cabinet 1, and a lifting rod 431 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drive plate 43, with the outer end of the lifting rod 431 forming a vertical sliding engagement with the guide rail 103. During the process of the screw 41 driving the drive plate 43 to move up and down, the lifting rod 431 always slides along the guide rail 103 to limit the circumferential rotational freedom of the drive plate 43 with the screw 41, and eliminates problems such as rotation, shaking and deviation of the drive plate 43. This ensures that the drive plate 43 can only make stable vertical linear lifting and lowering movements, thereby ensuring that the stroke and force of each pull of the plastic cover plate 21 are uniform and stable, improving the stability and reliability of the overall structure linkage operation, and effectively ensuring the ventilation opening and closing.

[0028] To accelerate heat release inside the cabinet, the area of ​​the mounting hole 101 is one-third of the top area of ​​the cabinet 1, meaning that the area of ​​the ventilation holes on the perforated ventilation plate 102 is relatively large.

[0029] Specifically, there are two deflection plates 31, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the screw 41. The bottom surface of the pressure plate 42 is provided with two sets of rollers 421. The two sets of rollers 421 abut against the top surface of the free end of the corresponding two deflection plates 31. The top surface of the free end of the two deflection plates 31 is provided with wheel rails 311 that cooperate with the rollers 421.

[0030] The bottom surface of the pressure plate 42 is provided with two sets of rollers 421. Correspondingly, the top surface of the free end of the two deflection plates 31 on both sides is provided with wheel rails 311 that match the two rollers 421. The rollers 421 roll and abut against the corresponding wheel rails 311, forming a rolling sliding fit structure. During normal operation of the equipment, the pressure plate 42 is in the upper position, and the rollers 421 are stably pressed against the wheel rails 311. Together with the elastic positioning device, they lock the horizontal posture of the deflection plates 31, ensuring that the two deflection plates 31 on both sides are evenly stressed and placed stably when carrying the fire extinguishing medium, and there will be no situation of tilting or falling off on one side. When the high temperature inside the cabinet triggers the protection action, the screw 41 rotates and drives the pressure plate 42 to move down synchronously. The two rollers 421 at the bottom of the pressure plate 42 roll down stably along the wheel rails 311 on the top surface of the deflection plate 31. Compared with direct hard surface compression contact, this can greatly reduce the sliding friction resistance between the pressure plate 42 and the deflection plate 31, and avoid the plate surface jamming caused by long-term rigid compression. Meanwhile, relying on the dual-sided symmetrical synchronous downward pressing structure, the deflection plates 31 on both sides can be deflected synchronously and smoothly downward, ensuring that the fire extinguishing medium on both sides is poured synchronously and evenly, resulting in a wider fire extinguishing coverage and further improving the fire extinguishing and protection effect of high temperature faults inside the cabinet.

[0031] Specifically, the screw 41 is vertically positioned in the middle of the cabinet 1, and the free ends of the two deflection plates 31 extend to the middle of the cabinet 1. This arrangement of the screw 41 allows it to be vertically positioned in the middle of the cabinet 1 without affecting the installation of other components inside the cabinet. A set of electrical component installation areas is set on the left side of the cabinet cavity, and another set of electrical component installation areas is set on the right side of the cabinet cavity. When the two deflection plates 31 deflect downwards simultaneously at their opposite ends (free ends), the extinguishing medium can be poured into the two component areas on the left and right sides, achieving symmetrical double-sided fire extinguishing safety protection. The extinguishing medium can be ultrafine fire extinguishing dry powder. Under normal conditions, ultrafine fire extinguishing dry powder is a dry and loose granular powder that can be stably accumulated and supported on the surfaces of the two deflection plates 31 without flowing or spilling on its own, adapting to the horizontal storage working form of the deflection plates 31. When the deflection plates 31 are driven downwards and tilted by the pressure plate 42, the granular dry powder can quickly and evenly slide down and pour down by its own weight, accurately covering the heating and ignition fault points inside the cabinet, achieving rapid cooling and suffocation fire extinguishing.

[0032] Specifically, the motor is fixed inside the cabinet 1 to drive the screw 41 to rotate. A temperature sensor is installed inside the cabinet 1 and is connected to the drive motor. The temperature sensor collects the ambient temperature inside the cabinet in real time. When the detected temperature reaches the preset protection threshold range of 55℃-60℃, the temperature sensor outputs an electrical signal to trigger the drive motor to start, drive the screw 41 to rotate, and complete the automatic protection action of pouring fire extinguishing medium and conducting heat dissipation through the perforated ventilated plate 102.

[0033] During normal operation, the temperature sensor continuously monitors the ambient temperature inside cabinet 1, collecting real-time data on the operating temperature rise of components and changes in ambient temperature to determine the operating status of the switchgear. When the load inside the cabinet is abnormal, components overheat, or the underground ambient temperature rises, causing the temperature reading inside the cabinet to rise to the preset protection threshold range of 55℃-60℃, the temperature sensor immediately outputs a corresponding electrical signal, precisely triggering the drive motor to start. After being powered on, the drive motor drives the screw 41 to rotate in a specific direction. Relying on the threaded transmission of the screw 41, it synchronously drives the pressure plate 42 and the drive disc 43 to move vertically, completing a series of mechanical actions in conjunction with the deflection plate 31 to deflect and tilt the extinguishing medium, and the plastic cover plate 21 to deform under tension and open the perforated ventilation plate 102. This automatically realizes the integrated protection function of fire extinguishing, flame retardancy, and pressure relief and heat dissipation. Through the temperature threshold range triggering method, false triggering caused by the normal operating temperature rise of the equipment can be effectively avoided, and early overheating faults of the switchgear can be accurately identified, replacing manual intervention and achieving intelligent operation.

[0034] Specifically, the elastic positioning device includes a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the deflection plate 31 and the cabinet 1. One end of the torsion spring abuts against the cavity wall of the cabinet 1, and the other end abuts against the deflection plate 31. Under normal conditions, the torsion spring provides an elastic pushing force to keep the deflection plate 31 in a horizontal locked position. When the pressure plate 42 is pressed down, it can overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring and drive the deflection plate 31 to deflect downward. After the pressure is released, the torsion spring drives the deflection plate 31 to automatically return to the horizontal state.

[0035] When the equipment is in normal and stable operation, the torsion spring always remains in an energy-storing and pushing state, continuously applying an elastic pushing force to the deflection plate 31. This ensures that the deflection plate 31 can stably maintain a horizontally locked posture without external force, guaranteeing that the plate surface of the deflection plate 31 can smoothly bear the extinguishing medium. This effectively avoids problems such as plate shaking, tilting, and medium spillage caused by equipment operation vibration and airflow disturbance, ensuring a stable and reliable storage state. When the high-temperature protection action is triggered inside the cabinet, the pressure plate 42 moves down with the screw 41 and applies downward pressure to the free end of the deflection plate 31. The downward pressure can effectively overcome the elastic torque of the torsion spring, forcing the deflection plate 31 to rotate downward around the hinge axis, successfully completing the protection action of plate tilting and extinguishing medium spillage. When the fault is cleared and the drive motor reverses to move the pressure plate 42 upward to remove the downward pressure, the torsion spring releases the residual torque and pushes the deflection plate 31 in the opposite direction, driving the deflection plate 31 to automatically rotate back to the initial horizontal position, completing the structural reset, enabling the equipment to return to normal dustproof material storage conditions, ensuring that the overall structure can operate repeatedly, and effectively improving the stability and service life of the equipment's multiple start-stop protection.

[0036] The above orientation references do not represent the specific orientations of each component in this implementation scheme. This implementation scheme is only for the convenience of describing the scheme and to make relative descriptions based on the orientations of the references. In reality, the specific orientations of each component are based on their actual installation and use, as well as the orientation descriptions that are customary to those skilled in the art. This is hereby stated.

[0037] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the inventive purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart switchgear for use in underground mines via the Internet of Things, characterized in that, It includes a cabinet (1), a first protective mechanism (2), a second protective mechanism (3), and a linkage mechanism (4); The cabinet (1) has an assembly hole (101) on the top, and a perforated ventilation plate (102) is embedded and fixed in the assembly hole (101). The first protective mechanism (2) includes a plastic cover plate (21), the edge area of ​​the plastic cover plate (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom edge area of ​​the perforated ventilated plate (102), and the remaining plate area of ​​the plastic cover plate (21) is attached to the corresponding area of ​​the bottom surface of the perforated ventilated plate (102). The second protective mechanism (3) includes a deflection plate (31), which is located inside the cabinet (1) and on the bottom side of the plastic cover plate (21). One end of the deflection plate (31) is hinged to the inner wall of the cabinet (1). An elastic positioning device is provided between the hinged end of the deflection plate (31) and the inner wall of the cabinet (1). The elastic positioning device is used to limit the deflection plate (31) to a horizontal position to carry the fire extinguishing medium. The free end of the deflection plate (31) extends away from the inner wall of the cabinet (1). The linkage mechanism (4) includes a screw (41), a pressure plate (42), and a drive plate (43). The screw (41) is vertically installed inside the cabinet (1) and connected to a drive motor. The pressure plate (42) and the drive plate (43) are both connected to the screw (41) through threaded holes. The drive plate (43) is located on the bottom side of the plastic cover plate (21) and connected to the plastic cover plate (21). The pressure plate (42) is located on the bottom side of the drive plate (43) and presses against the top surface of the free end of the deflection plate (31). When the screw (41) rotates, it can drive the pressure plate (42) and the drive disc (43) to move vertically in sync. The pressure plate (42) presses down to drive the deflection plate (31) to deflect in order to pour out the extinguishing medium. The drive disc (43) pulls the plastic cover plate (21) to deform and separate it from the perforated ventilator (102), thereby realizing the opening and closing switching of the perforated ventilator (102).

2. The IoT-enabled smart switchgear for underground mining as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plastic cover plate (21) has a plurality of plastic deformation holes (211) arranged in a ring array. When the plastic cover plate (21) is attached to the corresponding area of ​​the bottom surface of the perforated vent plate (102), the plastic deformation holes (211) shrink and close. When the plastic cover plate (21) is pulled to deformation by the drive disc (43), the plastic deformation holes (211) open.

3. The IoT-enabled smart switchgear for underground mining as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A thin steel wire (212) is connected to the plastic cover plate (21), and the other end of the thin steel wire (212) is connected to the drive plate (43). The cavity wall of the cabinet (1) is provided with a guide rail (103) along the height direction. The outer wall of the drive plate (43) is connected with a lifting rod (431), and the other end of the lifting rod (431) is slidably engaged with the guide rail (103).

4. The IoT-enabled smart switchgear for underground mining as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The area of ​​the mounting hole (101) is one-third of the top area of ​​the cabinet (1).

5. The IoT-enabled smart switchgear for underground mining as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The deflection plates (31) are located at two points and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the screw (41). The bottom surface of the pressure plate (42) is provided with two sets of rollers (421). The two rollers (421) abut against the top surface of the free end of the corresponding two deflection plates (31). The top surface of the free end of the deflection plates (31) is provided with wheel rails (311) that cooperate with the two rollers (421).

6. The IoT-enabled smart switchgear for underground mining as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The screw (41) is vertically positioned in the middle of the cabinet (1), and the free ends of the two deflection plates (31) extend to the middle of the cabinet (1).

7. The IoT-enabled smart switchgear for underground mining as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The motor is fixed inside the cabinet (1) to drive the screw (41) to rotate. A temperature sensor is installed inside the cabinet (1) and is connected to the drive motor. The temperature sensor collects the ambient temperature inside the cabinet in real time. When the detected temperature reaches the preset protection threshold range of 55℃-60℃, the temperature sensor outputs an electrical signal to trigger the drive motor to start, drive the screw (41) to rotate, and complete the automatic protection action of pouring fire extinguishing medium and conducting heat dissipation through the perforated ventilator (102).

8. The IoT-enabled smart switchgear for underground mining as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The elastic positioning device includes a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the deflection plate (31) and the cabinet (1). One end of the torsion spring abuts against the cavity wall of the cabinet (1), and the other end abuts against the deflection plate (31). Under normal conditions, the torsion spring provides an elastic pushing force to keep the deflection plate (31) in a horizontal locked position. When the pressure plate (42) is pressed down, it can overcome the spring force of the torsion spring and drive the deflection plate (31) to deflect downward. After the pressure is released, the torsion spring drives the deflection plate (31) to automatically return to the horizontal state.

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