Cluster control and expansion system for inventory new energy charging facilities based on internet of things

Abstract

This invention discloses a cluster control and expansion system for existing new energy charging facilities based on the Internet of Things (IoT), belonging to the field of intelligent control technology for electric vehicle charging facilities. It includes a PLC local cluster control gateway and a LoRa external modification module. This invention balances grid security, user flexibility, and operational efficiency, enabling intelligent expansion and load optimization of existing facilities. It retains all the basic functions and safety protections of the original charging facilities while avoiding the equipment damage risks and prolonged downtime associated with traditional modification methods. This significantly lowers the modification threshold and implementation costs, effectively balances grid load, avoids transformer overload, significantly improves grid operational stability, achieves a win-win situation for users and operators, and significantly improves equipment utilization and turnover efficiency, maximizing the use of limited power resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology for electric vehicle charging facilities, and in particular to a cluster control and expansion system for existing new energy charging facilities based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of electric vehicles, a large number of existing AC slow-charging facilities have been put into operation in communities, parks, parking lots, and other scenarios. These facilities are generally early independently installed equipment, which presents many difficult technical and operational challenges: First, most existing charging facilities operate as stand-alone units without cluster management functions. Adding new equipment at will can easily cause overload tripping of the distribution substation, resulting in inefficient use of distribution capacity and making facility expansion extremely difficult. Second, most existing facilities lack vehicle occupancy monitoring and scheduling mechanisms, leading to frequent instances of vehicles occupying charging spots for extended periods without charging, resulting in idle charging resources that other users cannot access, and extremely low facility utilization. Third, existing cluster management solutions for charging facilities mostly rely on cloud servers and external network communication. After a network outage, the functions are completely lost, and modifications require disassembly, replacement of the main control board, or re-flashing the device, damaging the original equipment structure. This is complex, costly, and difficult to promote on a large scale. Fourth, users cannot automatically adapt to time-of-use pricing policies and must manually operate to enjoy off-peak electricity price discounts, resulting in a poor user experience. Fifth, existing facilities lack grid load coordination and control capabilities, with charging load concentrated during peak grid hours, exacerbating the power grid's supply pressure and failing to achieve peak shaving and valley filling.

[0003] Currently, there is no complete technical solution that can achieve integrated management and control of local cluster control, safety expansion, site occupancy management, automatic time-of-use pricing, and peak shaving and valley filling through pure external modification without altering the existing charging facilities or adding new power distribution lines. There is an urgent need in this field for a cluster control and expansion system for existing new energy charging facilities based on the Internet of Things. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a cluster control and expansion system for existing new energy charging facilities based on the Internet of Things.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A cluster control and expansion system for existing new energy charging facilities based on the Internet of Things, including a PLC local cluster control gateway and a LoRa external modification module. The PLC local cluster control gateway adopts local programmable logic control. It builds a LoRa local autonomous network with each LoRa external modification module through LoRa wireless link. It collects data on distribution area load, charging facility operation status, vehicle station signal and charging demand in real time. Based on dynamic power balancing algorithm, it safely expands the number of charging facilities. At the same time, it performs vehicle occupancy management, time-of-use pricing automatic matching and power grid peak shaving and valley filling management. The LoRa add-on module is used to provide real-time feedback on the actual power of the charger and to provide status indications on the module indicator light, while dynamically adjusting the power of the charging facility.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the LoRa external modification module incorporates an STM32 microcontroller, a LoRa wireless communication unit, and a power regulation unit; the LoRa external modification module is installed by means of a snap-fit ​​or bolt, and the power supply end is directly connected to the power supply circuit of the existing charging facility.

[0007] It should be further explained that the LoRa external modification module is installed on the outer shell of the existing AC charging facility in a purely external manner. It does not disassemble, modify, or flash any structure, circuit, or software program of the original charging facility, achieving seamless modification. At the same time, the modification time for a single facility does not exceed 15 minutes, and it is ready to use immediately after installation, fully preserving the basic charging and safety protection functions of the original charging facility.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, the PLC local cluster control gateway establishes a LoRa local autonomous network with each LoRa external modification module via a LoRa wireless link. Specifically, it adopts a star-shaped LoRa networking architecture, with the communication frequency band being the 433MHz industrial unlicensed frequency band. A single PLC local cluster control gateway can simultaneously manage multiple existing AC charging facilities, with a wireless coverage radius of ≥500 meters. Furthermore, the LoRa local autonomous network has a graded overload protection mechanism for the charging area. When the total load of the charging area exceeds the rated threshold, the power of the charging facilities is reduced level by level according to the charging priority. As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific steps of the PLC local cluster control gateway for automatic time-of-use electricity pricing and power grid peak shaving and valley filling management are as follows: S1.1: Before charging starts, users can select the charging mode through the interactive interface attached to the charging facility or mobile device. According to their own needs, they can actively select fixed power charging or variable power charging. If the user selects variable power charging, the user will be automatically identified as an adjustable load and their eligibility to enjoy preferential electricity prices will be recorded. At the same time, the PLC local cluster control gateway will mark the user as a low-priority elastic load and store it in the local scheduling queue. S1.2: The PLC local cluster control gateway pre-writes the rated power limit of the distribution transformer area and the grid time-of-use pricing strategy into the local storage unit of the gateway. At the same time, it loads a special billing model for variable power users. Through the built-in acquisition program, it actively polls the real-time load data of the distribution transformer area every 100ms to obtain the real-time total active power, current and remaining available capacity data of the current transformer area. It also continuously compares the system clock with the stored peak and valley time table and identifies whether the current time period is a price valley or a price peak. S1.3: When it is determined that the current electricity price is in a low-price period, the PLC local cluster control gateway automatically activates the capacity expansion and upgrade logic and sends an instruction to the connected LoRa external modification module to increase the charging power, so that the vehicle charges at the maximum available current preset by the corresponding charging facility. When it is determined that the current electricity price is in a high-price period, the PLC local cluster control gateway starts the peak-shaving and load reduction logic, locks fixed power charging users, and automatically calculates and sends an instruction to reduce the charging power for all users marked as variable power charging based on the real-time load of the transformer area, limiting the output current of the charging facility. S1.4: During the peak load reduction process, the PLC local cluster control gateway dynamically calculates whether a new charging request can be connected based on the real-time released power margin. If the margin meets the preset allowable threshold, the PLC local cluster control gateway allows the new variable power vehicle to connect for charging; otherwise, it will cyclically adjust the non-critical charging circuit according to the principle of prioritizing the load reduction of the later access. S1.5: The PLC local cluster control gateway records the power consumption and corresponding time period of each device in real time during the charging process. For users charging with fixed power, the billing is accumulated according to the real-time electricity price. For users charging with variable power, the discount algorithm is automatically triggered at the time of settlement, and the user's total electricity cost during off-peak hours and the time period involved in the adjustment is reduced by 70% to generate the final bill. At the same time, the PLC local cluster control gateway feeds back the current power allocation status, electricity price mode and user's actual power to the user terminal through the local display screen or wireless link, and then continues to monitor in a loop at 100ms intervals.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the time-of-use pricing strategy for the power grid described in S1.2 specifically includes the start and end times of peak, flat, and valley periods, as well as the power adjustment threshold. As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific steps for the PLC local cluster control gateway to perform vehicle occupancy management are as follows: S2.1: The PLC local cluster control gateway polls the sensor data of all charging facilities at a preset period through the LoRa external modification module. If the plug-in status is detected as inserted and the charging current is 0, it is marked as suspected occupancy. At the same time, the current time is compared with the plug-in time recorded by the timer. If it exceeds the preset threshold, it is confirmed as an occupancy vehicle and an occupancy flag is generated. S2.2: After the placeholder flag is generated, the PLC local cluster control gateway locks the power allocation channel of the charging facility through internal logic, prohibiting it from participating in new power allocation calculations. At the same time, it sends a power freeze command to the LoRa module of the corresponding charging pile, forcibly reducing the output power to 0kW, ensuring that the vehicle in the place cannot start charging, and marks the charging facility as in the placeholder frozen state in the PLC local cluster control gateway HMI interface or local log. S2.3: Accumulate the rated power of all charging facilities in the placeholder frozen state to obtain the total release capacity, update the total release capacity to the available power pool, and broadcast it to the vehicle queue management unit in the LoRa local autonomous network through the internal message queue. Extract vehicles from the queue and sort them according to fixed power users > variable power users. S2.4: Check the vehicles in the queue in turn. If the requested power is less than or equal to the available power pool capacity, send a power unlock command to the corresponding charging pile to restore power supply, update the vehicle status to charging, start the charging timer, and deduct the allocated power from the available power pool. At the same time, the PLC local cluster control gateway continuously monitors whether the vehicle that was originally occupying the charging position has unplugged the charging gun. If the charging gun status is detected as not inserted, clear the timer and the flag bit, and re-mark the charging facility as idle and add it to the available resource pool.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the sensor data in S2.1 specifically includes the insertion status, charging current, and occupation time; The charging gun status is monitored by a Hall sensor or micro switch to determine whether the charging gun is inserted into the vehicle interface; the charging current is monitored by a current transformer to determine whether the charging current is flowing, i.e. whether the vehicle has started charging; the occupancy time is monitored by an independent timer allocated to each charging facility, starting from the moment the charging gun is detected but no charging is started. The data is transmitted in real time to the PLC local cluster control gateway through the LoRa local autonomous network and stored in the local data cache.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific implementation steps of the IoT-based cluster control and expansion system for existing new energy charging facilities are as follows: P1. Equipment Installation: Install the LoRa external modification module as a pure external plug-in on the outer wall of the existing AC charging facility, complete the wiring, connect the PLC local cluster control gateway to the distribution area load monitoring equipment, and build a LoRa local autonomous network. P2. Parameter Configuration: Locally preset the rated power of the distribution area, peak and off-peak hours of time-of-use electricity price, timeout threshold, and charging priority parameters, which are stored locally and will not be lost when power is off; P3. Real-time monitoring: The PLC local cluster control gateway polls the load data of the charging area every 100ms and obtains the operating status of each charging facility and vehicle station information through the LoRa link; P4. Cluster Control: Based on the dynamic power balancing algorithm, combined with peak and off-peak periods and vehicle charging demand, the charging power is allocated, and power resources are released for vehicles that have exceeded their charging time. P5. Capacity Expansion and Protection: Within the original power distribution capacity, by time-sharing peak shifting and power allocation, new charging facilities are added and connected to the cluster network. When the transformer area is overloaded, the load is reduced in stages to achieve safe capacity expansion and peak shaving and valley filling.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the PLC local cluster control gateway described in P1 includes offline and online operation modes. When operating online, the PLC local cluster control gateway connects to the cloud to achieve remote visual management. Maintenance personnel can remotely monitor equipment status, issue policies, and handle alarms. When operating offline, the PLC local cluster control gateway operates completely independently from the cloud. All core control logic is calculated and executed locally in real time, and data is stored locally. Business is not affected when the network is disconnected, ensuring that the charging service is uninterrupted. The cluster control described in P4 is completed independently and locally, without the need for cloud or external network involvement. The control process continues to be executed even when the network is offline, ensuring uninterrupted functionality.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, the PLC local cluster control gateway establishes an autonomous network with wireless coverage of ≥500 meters via a 433MHz LoRa star topology. Users can select fixed or variable power charging through an external interface. Variable power users enjoy preferential rates and are marked as low-priority elastic loads. The gateway has built-in overload protection for distribution areas, polling the area load every 100ms to dynamically allocate power. During off-peak hours, charging power is increased to the maximum value, while during peak hours, fixed power users are prioritized, and variable power users are gradually deloaded to release capacity for new requests. The system performs real-time billing and status feedback, while simultaneously monitoring occupied vehicles. If a vehicle is found to be using a charging spot... If a charging gun fails to charge within a specified time, its power is frozen and resources are released. Once idle, the power is redistributed, balancing grid safety, user flexibility, and operational efficiency. This approach enables intelligent expansion and load optimization of existing facilities, retaining all the basic functions and safety protections of the original charging infrastructure while avoiding the risks of equipment damage and prolonged downtime associated with traditional retrofitting methods. It significantly lowers the threshold and implementation cost of retrofitting, effectively balances grid load, avoids overload in distribution areas, and significantly improves grid operational stability, achieving a win-win situation for both users and operators. It also significantly improves equipment utilization and turnover efficiency, maximizing the use of limited power resources. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the cluster control and expansion system for existing new energy charging facilities based on the Internet of Things proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0017] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 A cluster control and expansion system for existing new energy charging facilities based on the Internet of Things, including a PLC local cluster control gateway and a LoRa external modification module.

[0018] The PLC local cluster control gateway adopts local programmable logic control. It builds a LoRa local autonomous network with each LoRa external modification module through LoRa wireless link. It collects data on distribution area load, charging facility operation status, vehicle station signal and charging demand in real time. Based on dynamic power balancing algorithm, it safely expands the number of charging facilities. At the same time, it performs vehicle occupancy management, automatic time-of-use pricing matching and grid peak shaving and valley filling management.

[0019] Specifically, before charging begins, users select the charging mode via the external interface of the charging facility or their mobile device, actively choosing between fixed-power charging and variable-power charging based on their needs. If a user selects variable-power charging, the system automatically identifies the user as an adjustable load and records their eligibility for preferential electricity pricing. Simultaneously, the PLC local cluster control gateway marks the user as a low-priority flexible load and stores it in the local scheduling queue. The PLC local cluster control gateway pre-writes the rated power limit of the distribution substation and the grid time-of-use pricing strategy into the gateway's local storage unit, and loads the parameters for variable-power charging. The special billing model for power users actively polls the real-time load data of the distribution transformer area every 100ms through a built-in data acquisition program. This obtains the current total active power, current, and remaining available capacity data for the transformer area. It continuously compares the data with the system clock and the stored peak-valley time period table to identify whether the current time period is a low-price or high-price period. When it determines that the current time period is a low-price period, the PLC local cluster control gateway automatically activates the capacity expansion logic and sends a command to the connected LoRa external modification module to increase the charging power, enabling the vehicle to charge at the preset maximum available current of the corresponding charging facility. During peak electricity price periods, the PLC local cluster control gateway initiates peak-shaving and load reduction logic, locking in users charging at fixed power. Based on the real-time load situation of the distribution area, it automatically calculates and issues commands to reduce charging power for all users marked as variable-power charging, limiting the output current of the charging facilities. During peak-shaving, the PLC local cluster control gateway dynamically calculates whether new charging requests can be accepted based on the real-time released power margin. If the margin meets the preset allowable threshold, the PLC local cluster control gateway allows new variable-power vehicles to connect for charging; otherwise, it prioritizes the later-connecting user for load reduction. Then, non-critical charging circuits are cyclically adjusted. The PLC local cluster control gateway records the power consumption and corresponding time period of each device in real time during the charging process. For users charging with fixed power, the billing is accumulated according to the real-time electricity price. For users charging with variable power, the discount algorithm is automatically triggered at the time of settlement, and the user's total electricity cost during off-peak hours and the time period in which the adjustment is carried out is reduced by 70% to generate the final bill. At the same time, the PLC local cluster control gateway feeds back the current power allocation status, electricity price mode and user's actual power to the user end through the local display or wireless link, and then continues to monitor cyclically at a 100ms cycle.

[0020] Specifically, the PLC local cluster control gateway polls the sensor data of all charging facilities at a preset period through a LoRa external modification module. If it detects that the charging gun is inserted and the charging current is 0, it marks it as potentially occupied. Simultaneously, it compares the current time with the insertion time recorded by the timer. If the comparison exceeds a preset threshold, it confirms the vehicle as occupied and generates an occupation flag. After the occupation flag is generated, the PLC local cluster control gateway locks the power allocation channel of the charging facility through internal logic, prohibiting it from participating in new power allocation calculations. At the same time, it sends a power freeze command to the LoRa module of the corresponding charging pile, forcibly reducing the output power to 0kW to ensure that the occupied vehicle cannot start charging. The gateway also marks the charging facility as occupied and frozen in the PLC local cluster control gateway HMI interface or local log, accumulating all... The rated power of charging facilities in a frozen, occupied state is used to obtain the total release capacity. This total release capacity is updated to the available power pool and broadcast to the vehicle queue management unit in the LoRa local autonomous network via an internal message queue. Vehicles are extracted from the queue and sorted according to fixed power users > variable power users. The vehicles in the queue are checked one by one. If the requested power is less than or equal to the available power pool capacity, a power unlocking command is sent to the corresponding charging pile to restore power supply, update the vehicle status to charging, and start the charging timer. At the same time, the allocated power is deducted from the available power pool. Meanwhile, the PLC local cluster control gateway continuously monitors whether the charging gun of the vehicle in the original occupied position has been removed. If the charging gun is found to be not inserted, the timer and flag are cleared, and the charging facility is remarked as idle and added to the available resource pool.

[0021] Furthermore, it should be noted that the PLC local cluster control gateway establishes a LoRa local autonomous network with each LoRa external modification module via a LoRa wireless link. Specifically, it adopts a star-shaped LoRa networking architecture, with the communication frequency band being the 433MHz industrial unlicensed frequency band. A single PLC local cluster control gateway can simultaneously manage multiple existing AC charging facilities, with a wireless coverage radius of ≥500 meters. Moreover, this LoRa local autonomous network has a graded overload protection mechanism for the charging area. When the total load of the charging area exceeds the rated threshold, the power of the charging facilities is reduced in stages according to the charging priority.

[0022] The LoRa add-on module provides real-time feedback on the actual power of the charger and displays status indicators on the module, while also dynamically adjusting the charging power.

[0023] It should be noted that the LoRa external modification module is installed on the outer shell of the existing AC charging facility in a purely external manner. It does not disassemble, modify, or flash any structure, circuit, or software program of the original charging facility, achieving seamless modification. At the same time, the modification time for a single facility does not exceed 15 minutes, and it is ready to use immediately after installation, fully preserving the basic charging and safety protection functions of the original charging facility.

[0024] In this embodiment, the specific implementation steps of the IoT-based cluster control and expansion system for existing new energy charging facilities are as follows: Equipment installation: The LoRa external modification module is installed externally on the outer wall of the existing AC charging facility, the wiring is completed, the PLC local cluster control gateway is connected to the distribution area load monitoring equipment, and a LoRa local autonomous network is built. Parameter configuration: Locally preset rated power of distribution area, peak and off-peak time of electricity price, time-occupancy timeout threshold, charging priority parameters, stored locally and not lost when power is off; Real-time monitoring: The PLC local cluster control gateway polls the load data of the charging station area every 100ms and obtains the operating status of each charging facility and vehicle station information through the LoRa link; Cluster control: Based on the dynamic power balancing algorithm, combined with peak and off-peak periods and vehicle charging demand, the charging power is allocated, and power resources are released for vehicles that have exceeded their charging time limit. Expansion and protection: Within the original power distribution capacity, by time-sharing peak shifting and power allocation, new charging facilities are added and connected to the cluster network. When the transformer area is overloaded, the load is reduced in stages to achieve safe capacity expansion and peak shaving and valley filling.

Claims

1. A cluster control and expansion system for inventory new energy charging facilities based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, This includes a PLC local cluster control gateway and a LoRa add-on module; The PLC local cluster control gateway adopts local programmable logic control. It builds a LoRa local autonomous network with each LoRa external modification module through LoRa wireless link. It collects data on distribution area load, charging facility operation status, vehicle station signal and charging demand in real time. Based on dynamic power balancing algorithm, it safely expands the number of charging facilities. At the same time, it performs vehicle occupancy management, time-of-use pricing automatic matching and power grid peak shaving and valley filling management. The LoRa add-on module is used to provide real-time feedback on the actual power of the charger and to provide status indications on the module indicator light, while dynamically adjusting the power of the charging facility. 2.The system according to claim 1, wherein, The LoRa add-on module integrates an STM32 microcontroller, a LoRa wireless communication unit, and a power regulation unit. The LoRa add-on module is installed by snap-on or bolt fixing, and the power supply end is directly connected to the power supply circuit of the original charging facility. 3.The system according to claim 1, wherein, The PLC local cluster control gateway establishes a LoRa local autonomous network with each LoRa external modification module via a LoRa wireless link. Specifically, it adopts a star-shaped LoRa networking architecture, with the communication frequency band being the 433MHz industrial unlicensed frequency band. A single PLC local cluster control gateway can simultaneously manage multiple existing AC charging facilities, with a wireless coverage radius of ≥500 meters. Furthermore, the LoRa local autonomous network has a graded overload protection mechanism for the charging area. When the total load of the charging area exceeds the rated threshold, the power of the charging facilities is reduced level by level according to the charging priority. 4.The system according to claim 1, wherein, The specific steps for automatic time-of-use pricing and power grid peak shaving and valley filling management via the PLC local cluster control gateway are as follows: S1.1: Before charging starts, users can select the charging mode through the interactive interface attached to the charging facility or mobile device. According to their own needs, they can actively select fixed power charging or variable power charging. If the user selects variable power charging, the user will be automatically identified as an adjustable load and their eligibility to enjoy preferential electricity prices will be recorded. At the same time, the PLC local cluster control gateway will mark the user as a low-priority elastic load and store it in the local scheduling queue. S1.2: The PLC local cluster control gateway pre-writes the rated power limit of the distribution transformer area and the grid time-of-use pricing strategy into the local storage unit of the gateway. At the same time, it loads a special billing model for variable power users. Through the built-in acquisition program, it actively polls the real-time load data of the distribution transformer area every 100ms to obtain the real-time total active power, current and remaining available capacity data of the current transformer area. It also continuously compares the system clock with the stored peak and valley time table and identifies whether the current time period is a price valley or a price peak. S1.3: When it is determined that the current electricity price is in a low-price period, the PLC local cluster control gateway automatically activates the capacity expansion and upgrade logic and sends an instruction to the connected LoRa external modification module to increase the charging power, so that the vehicle charges at the maximum available current preset by the corresponding charging facility. When it is determined that the current electricity price is in a high-price period, the PLC local cluster control gateway starts the peak-shaving and load reduction logic, locks fixed power charging users, and automatically calculates and sends an instruction to reduce the charging power for all users marked as variable power charging based on the real-time load of the transformer area, limiting the output current of the charging facility. S1.4: During the peak load reduction process, the PLC local cluster control gateway dynamically calculates whether a new charging request can be connected based on the real-time released power margin. If the margin meets the preset allowable threshold, the PLC local cluster control gateway allows the new variable power vehicle to connect for charging; otherwise, it will cyclically adjust the non-critical charging circuit according to the principle of prioritizing the load reduction of the later access. S1.5: The PLC local cluster control gateway records the power consumption and corresponding time period of each device in real time during the charging process. For users charging with fixed power, the billing is accumulated according to the real-time electricity price. For users charging with variable power, the discount algorithm is automatically triggered at the time of settlement, and the user's total electricity cost during off-peak hours and the time period involved in the adjustment is reduced by 70% to generate the final bill. At the same time, the PLC local cluster control gateway feeds back the current power allocation status, electricity price mode and user's actual power to the user terminal through the local display screen or wireless link, and then continues to monitor in a loop at 100ms intervals. 5.The system according to claim 4, wherein, The specific time-of-use pricing strategy for the power grid described in S1.2 includes the specific start and end times of peak, flat, and valley periods, as well as the power regulation threshold. 6.The system according to claim 1, wherein, The specific steps for the PLC local cluster control gateway to perform vehicle occupancy management are as follows: S2.1: The PLC local cluster control gateway polls the sensor data of all charging facilities at a preset period through the LoRa external modification module. If the plug-in status is detected as inserted and the charging current is 0, it is marked as suspected occupancy. At the same time, the current time is compared with the plug-in time recorded by the timer. If it exceeds the preset threshold, it is confirmed as an occupancy vehicle and an occupancy flag is generated. S2.2: After the placeholder flag is generated, the PLC local cluster control gateway locks the power allocation channel of the charging facility through internal logic, prohibiting it from participating in new power allocation calculations. At the same time, it sends a power freeze command to the LoRa module of the corresponding charging pile, forcibly reducing the output power to 0kW, ensuring that the vehicle in the place cannot start charging, and marks the charging facility as in the placeholder frozen state in the PLC local cluster control gateway HMI interface or local log. S2.3: Accumulate the rated power of all charging facilities in the placeholder frozen state to obtain the total release capacity, update the total release capacity to the available power pool, and broadcast it to the vehicle queue management unit in the LoRa local autonomous network through the internal message queue. Extract vehicles from the queue and sort them according to fixed power users > variable power users. S2.4: Check the vehicles in the queue in turn. If the requested power is less than or equal to the available power pool capacity, send a power unlock command to the corresponding charging pile to restore power supply, update the vehicle status to charging, start the charging timer, and deduct the allocated power from the available power pool. At the same time, the PLC local cluster control gateway continuously monitors whether the vehicle that was originally occupying the charging position has unplugged the charging gun. If the charging gun status is detected as not inserted, clear the timer and the flag bit, and re-mark the charging facility as idle and add it to the available resource pool.

Images