A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for a photovoltaic power station in a plateau hilly area

Abstract

This invention discloses a water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power plants in plateau and hilly areas. It includes a compensation box with a water-cooled heat dissipation component installed on its outer side, an SVG compensator fixedly installed inside the box, a CHNT contactor fixedly installed inside the box, and a DC contactor fixedly installed inside the box. A control processing box employs a photovoltaic output prediction and adaptive compensation collaborative control strategy to accurately predict photovoltaic output, achieving advance reactive power compensation and dynamic adjustment, improving compensation response speed, and effectively suppressing grid voltage fluctuations caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output. The water-cooled heat dissipation component and cooling fan form a composite heat dissipation system, quickly removing heat generated by core components and preventing equipment degradation or damage due to high temperatures. The grid-connected control unit improves the equipment's grid adaptability and reduces start-up and shutdown frequency, ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic power plant itself and providing strong support for the safety and stability of the power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power plant technology, specifically to a water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power plants in plateau and hilly areas. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of the global energy transition, distributed photovoltaic (PV) power has become an important component of the new energy system due to its flexible deployment characteristics. my country's plateau and hilly regions possess abundant solar energy resources, and their open terrain and low population density make them important areas for PV power plant deployment. In recent years, the installed capacity of PV power plants in these regions has continued to grow, playing an increasingly important role in clean energy supply. However, the unique geographical environment and climate conditions of these plateau and hilly regions pose many challenges to the stable operation of PV power plants. In particular, the reliability and compensation effect of SVG (Static Var Compensator), a core component ensuring the grid connection performance of PV power plants, are severely constrained, and existing technologies are insufficient to meet the practical application needs in this scenario. During grid-connected operation of PV power plants, the nonlinear output of the inverter can cause reactive power imbalance and harmonic pollution, leading to grid voltage fluctuations and abnormal power factors, directly affecting grid stability and equipment safety. SVG, as the core equipment for dynamic reactive power compensation, can precisely adjust reactive power to control the grid connection voltage within standard limits, improve the power factor, and reduce grid penalties and line losses. It is a necessary guarantee for the grid connection acceptance and safe operation of PV power plants. However, the special environment of plateau and hilly areas places far greater demands on SVG reactive power compensation devices than on plains. Existing SVG reactive power compensation devices are mostly designed for conventional plain environments, and have many shortcomings when applied in this region.

[0003] High-altitude, hilly regions are characterized by thin air, large diurnal temperature variations, and intense ultraviolet radiation. They are also prone to wind, sandstorms, rain, and snow. Existing SVG compensation devices often use conventional materials for their enclosures, heat dissipation components, and other parts, lacking specific weather-resistant designs. Long-term use can lead to problems such as casing aging and decreased insulation performance. In particular, strong ultraviolet radiation accelerates the aging of insulation materials, while windblown sand and moisture can easily penetrate the device, causing short circuits and condensation aging in electrical components. Large diurnal temperature variations further exacerbate component wear, severely impacting the device's lifespan and operational reliability, making it unsuitable for long-term operation in high-altitude, hilly regions. Existing SVG reactive power compensation devices mostly use a single air-cooling mode for heat dissipation, which has limited heat dissipation efficiency. In high-altitude and hilly areas, the strong sunlight and the continuous generation of a large amount of heat by core components such as SVG compensators, contactors, and transformers during the operation of photovoltaic power plants, coupled with poor heat dissipation conditions in high-altitude environments, make it difficult for a single air-cooling mode to quickly remove the heat generated by the equipment. This can easily lead to excessively high internal temperatures, resulting in decreased compensation accuracy, slower response speed, and even equipment failure and shutdown. It is impossible to achieve accurate dynamic compensation of reactive power and it is difficult to suppress grid voltage fluctuations caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power plants in plateau and hilly areas, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas, comprising a compensation box, a water-cooled heat dissipation component installed on the outside of the compensation box, an SVG compensator fixedly installed inside the compensation box, a CHNT contactor fixedly installed inside the compensation box, a DC contactor fixedly installed inside the compensation box, an electric operator fixedly installed inside the compensation box, and a single-phase source transformer fixedly installed inside the compensation box.

[0006] Preferably, the water-cooled heat dissipation assembly includes a cooling water tank and a cooling fan. The cooling water tank is installed on the back of the compensation box. A coolant pump is fixedly installed on the top of the cooling water tank. The outlet end of the coolant pump is connected to a connecting pipe two. The end of the connecting pipe two away from the coolant pump is connected to a connecting box one. A cooling coil is connected to the outside of the connecting box one. The end of the cooling coil away from the connecting box one is connected to a connecting box two. The top of the connecting box two is connected to a connecting pipe one. The end of the connecting pipe one away from the connecting box two is connected to the top of the cooling water tank.

[0007] Preferably, a top box is fixedly installed on the top of the compensation box, and air inlet slots are provided on both sides of the top box. Two circular slots are provided at the bottom of the top box and the top of the compensation box, and cooling fans are installed inside the two circular slots.

[0008] Preferably, a cooling fan is snapped onto the top of the top box, and a liquid exchange pipe is connected to the top of the cooling water tank.

[0009] Preferably, the compensation box has a door installed on the front via a hinge, a handle is installed on the front of the door, handles are installed on both sides of the compensation box, and ventilation slots are provided on both sides of the compensation box.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the compensation box is provided with a cable inlet groove and two cable inlet holes.

[0011] Preferably, a support bar is fixedly installed at the bottom of the compensation box. There are two support bars, and the two support bars are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the compensation box.

[0012] Preferably, the compensation box, cooling water tank, box door, top box, and radiator fan are all made of high and low temperature resistant and aging resistant materials suitable for plateau and hilly environments. An anti-condensation sealing ring is provided between the compensation box and the box door, and the anti-condensation sealing ring adopts a wind and sand prevention and anti-condensation design to effectively isolate external wind and sand and water vapor from intrusion, and avoid condensation aging of the insulation structure. The outer side of the compensation box, cooling water tank, box door, top box, and radiator fan is coated with an anti-ultraviolet coating to resist strong ultraviolet radiation at high altitudes and delay the aging of insulation materials.

[0013] Preferably, the compensation box is equipped with a control processing box, which adopts a photovoltaic output prediction and adaptive compensation collaborative control strategy, including a short-term photovoltaic output prediction unit, a model prediction control unit, a fault-tolerant control unit, and a grid-type control unit.

[0014] Preferably, the photovoltaic output short-term prediction unit combines the characteristics of photovoltaic output fluctuations in plateau and hilly areas, collects multi-dimensional feature data such as irradiance and temperature, and achieves accurate short-term prediction of photovoltaic output through data normalization, factor analysis dimensionality reduction, and error correction. The model prediction control unit is combined with the fault-tolerant control unit to coordinate the photovoltaic output prediction results with the SVG control algorithm to achieve early compensation and dynamic adjustment of reactive power, improve the compensation response speed, and effectively suppress grid voltage fluctuations caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output. The grid-type control unit meets the latest grid specifications, improves the grid-connected adaptability of equipment, reduces the frequency of equipment start-up and shutdown, and ensures long-term operational reliability.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by adopting a photovoltaic output prediction and adaptive compensation collaborative control strategy through the set control processing box, the photovoltaic output is accurately predicted, reactive power is compensated in advance and dynamically adjusted, the compensation response speed is improved, and grid voltage fluctuations caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output are effectively suppressed; the water-cooled heat dissipation components and heat dissipation fans form a composite heat dissipation, which can quickly remove the heat generated by the core components, avoid equipment efficiency reduction or damage due to high temperature, and the grid-type control unit improves the grid-connection adaptability of the equipment and reduces the start-up and shutdown frequency, which not only ensures the stable operation of the photovoltaic power station itself, but also provides strong support for the safety and stability of the power grid; Furthermore, the core components of the device, such as the compensation tank and cooling water tank, are all made of materials resistant to high and low temperatures and aging, with an anti-UV coating on the outside, which can effectively resist the strong ultraviolet radiation of the plateau and delay the aging of the insulation materials. The anti-condensation sealing ring adopts a wind and sand-proof and anti-condensation design, which can isolate the intrusion of external wind, sand and water vapor, and prevent the insulation structure from condensing and aging. This solves the problems of easy equipment damage and short lifespan caused by large temperature differences, frequent sandstorms and strong ultraviolet radiation in plateau and hilly areas. At the same time, the support bar provides stable support, and the handle facilitates transportation in hilly terrain, further improving the adaptability of the equipment to complex terrain. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional appearance structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another perspective.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention without the cabinet door.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention without the top cover.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of the equipment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Compensation box; 2. Cooling water tank; 3. Ventilation slot; 4. Support bar; 5. Box door; 6. Top box; 7. Handle; 8. Air inlet slot; 9. Cable inlet slot; 10. Cable inlet hole; 11. Handle; 12. SVG compensator; 13. CHNT contactor; 14. DC contactor; 15. Electric operator; 16. Single-phase source transformer; 17. Control processing box; 18. Cooling fan; 19. Circular slot; 20. Connecting box one; 21. Cooling coil; 22. Connecting pipe one; 23. Coolant pump; 24. Coolant replacement pipe; 25. Connecting pipe two; 26. Connecting box two. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-6This invention provides a technical solution: a water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas, comprising a compensation box 1, a water-cooled heat dissipation assembly installed on the outside of the compensation box 1, an SVG compensator 12 fixedly installed inside the compensation box 1, a CHNT contactor 13 fixedly installed inside the compensation box 1, a DC contactor 14 fixedly installed inside the compensation box 1, an electric operator 15 fixedly installed inside the compensation box 1, and a single-phase source transformer 16 fixedly installed inside the compensation box 1. The water-cooled heat dissipation assembly includes a cooling water tank 2 and a cooling fan 18. The cooling water tank 2 is installed on the back of the compensation box 1, and a coolant pump 23 is fixedly installed on the top of the cooling water tank 2. The outlet of the coolant pump 23 is connected to a connecting pipe 25. The end of the connecting pipe 25 away from the coolant pump 23 is connected to a connecting box 20. The outside of the connecting box 20 is connected to a cooling coil 21. The end of the cooling coil 21 away from the connecting box 20 is connected to a connecting box 26. The top of the connecting box 26 is connected to a connecting pipe 22. The end of the connecting pipe 22 away from the connecting box 26 is connected to the top of the coolant tank 2. A top box 6 is fixedly installed on the top of the compensation box 1. Air inlet slots 8 are provided on both sides of the top box 6. Two circular slots 19 are provided on the bottom of the top box 6 and the top of the compensation box 1. A radiator fan 18 is installed inside each of the two circular slots 19. A heat sink is snapped onto the top of the top box 6. The top of the cooling water tank 2 is connected to the fan 18 and the top of the cooling water tank 2, and a liquid exchange pipe 24 is connected to it. The front of the compensation box 1 is fitted with a door 5 via a hinge, and a handle 11 is installed on the front of the door 5. Both sides of the compensation box 1 are fitted with handles 7. Both sides of the compensation box 1 are fitted with ventilation slots 3. The bottom of the compensation box 1 is fitted with a cable inlet slot 9 and two cable inlet holes 10. Support bars 4 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the compensation box 1. There are two support bars 4, and the two support bars 4 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the compensation box 1. The compensation box 17 is installed inside the compensation box 1. The control processing box 17 adopts a photovoltaic output prediction and adaptive compensation collaborative control strategy, including a photovoltaic output short-term prediction unit and a model. The system comprises a predictive control unit, a fault-tolerant control unit, and a grid-type control unit. The short-term photovoltaic output prediction unit combines the characteristics of photovoltaic output fluctuations in plateau and hilly areas, collecting multi-dimensional feature data such as irradiance and temperature. Through data normalization, factor analysis dimensionality reduction, and error correction, it achieves accurate short-term prediction of photovoltaic output. The model prediction control unit and the fault-tolerant control unit are combined to coordinate the photovoltaic output prediction results with the SVG control algorithm, enabling advance compensation and dynamic adjustment of reactive power, improving compensation response speed, and effectively suppressing grid voltage fluctuations caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output. The grid-type control unit meets the latest grid specifications, improves the grid-connected adaptability of equipment, reduces equipment start-up and shutdown frequency, and ensures long-term operational reliability.

[0025] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: After the equipment installation and commissioning are completed, the photovoltaic power station line is connected and the device is started. The control processing box 17 inside the compensation box 1 is powered on first and enters the working ready state. Its integrated photovoltaic output short-term prediction unit is specifically designed for the characteristics of large fluctuations in photovoltaic output in plateau and hilly areas, which are significantly affected by terrain and weather. It collects multi-dimensional characteristic data such as on-site irradiance, ambient temperature, and wind speed in real time. It performs a series of preprocessing operations on the collected raw data, such as data normalization, factor analysis dimensionality reduction, and error correction, to eliminate abnormal data interference. Finally, it achieves accurate short-term prediction of photovoltaic output, providing scientific data support for subsequent reactive power compensation adjustment and avoiding compensation lag caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output. The model of control processing box 17 The predictive control unit and the fault-tolerant control unit work together to deeply integrate the prediction results output by the short-term photovoltaic power output prediction unit with the SVG core control algorithm. After logical operations, they precisely send control commands to the SVG compensator 12, CHNT contactor 13, DC contactor 14, electric operator 15, and single-phase source transformer 16 inside the compensation box 1, starting the entire reactive power compensation system. Among them, CHNT contactor 13 and DC contactor 14 are responsible for controlling the on and off of the control loop, electric operator 15 assists in adjusting the equipment operating status, single-phase source transformer 16 realizes voltage adaptation, and SVG compensator 12, as the core compensation component, accurately outputs reactive power according to the commands, realizing advance compensation and dynamic real-time adjustment of reactive power, ensuring compensation accuracy. In accordance with the operational needs of photovoltaic power plants, reactive power compensation is continuously underway. Core electrical components such as the SVG compensator 12, CHNT contactor 13, and single-phase source transformer 16 continuously generate heat. Given the large temperature fluctuations and unique heat dissipation conditions in high-altitude areas, the water-cooled heat dissipation components automatically activate, forming a closed-loop heat dissipation circuit. The specific process is as follows: Specialized coolant, pre-filled in the cooling water tank 2 and adapted to the high and low temperature environments of high-altitude areas, is pressurized and extracted by the coolant pump 23, and stably transported to the connecting box 20 via the connecting pipe 25. The connecting box 20 then evenly distributes the coolant to the cooling coils 21. The cooling coils 21 are positioned close to the core components inside the compensation box 1, effectively absorbing the heat generated by the components. The temperature of the coolant increases after absorbing heat, and it is then transferred to the connecting box 20. After being collected by Box 26, the water flows back to Cooling Water Tank 2 through Connecting Pipe 1 22, completing a full water-cooling cycle and continuously removing heat from the equipment. This is suitable for high-altitude and high-temperature environments. While the water-cooling components are working, the cooling fans 18 installed in the circular slots 19 at the top and bottom of Top Box 6 and the top of Compensation Box 1 are simultaneously powered on and started. The cooling fans 18 are responsible for drawing the cool air from Top Box 6 into the interior of Compensation Box 1, accelerating air circulation inside Compensation Box 1, forming a combined water-cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation mode. This effectively controls the internal temperature of Compensation Box 1 to remain within the optimal operating range of the equipment, preventing performance degradation, accelerated component aging, or shutdown due to high altitude and high temperatures. The grid-type control unit of Control Processing Box 17 strictly complies with the latest power grid connection specifications.The system monitors equipment operating parameters, grid voltage fluctuations, and photovoltaic output changes in real time, dynamically adjusting equipment operating status to effectively improve grid-connected adaptability, reduce unnecessary start-stop frequencies, and lower component wear. Simultaneously, the ventilation slots 3 on both sides of the compensation box 1 work in conjunction with the heat dissipation system to assist in expelling internal hot air and introducing fresh air, further optimizing heat dissipation. The cable inlet slot 9 at the bottom of the compensation box 1 is used to organize the connected photovoltaic power station lines, preventing tangled and messy wiring. Two cable inlets 10 precisely connect to the line interfaces, ensuring smooth reactive power compensation circuits and stable linkage between the compensation system, the photovoltaic power station, and the grid. The control processing box 17 employs a photovoltaic output prediction and adaptive compensation collaborative control strategy to accurately predict photovoltaic output, achieving advance reactive power compensation and dynamic adjustment, improving compensation response speed, and effectively suppressing grid voltage fluctuations caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output. Water-cooled heat dissipation components and cooling fans 18 form a composite heat dissipation system, quickly removing heat generated by core components and preventing equipment degradation or damage due to high temperatures. The grid-type control unit improves grid-connected adaptability and reduces start-stop frequencies, ensuring stable operation of the photovoltaic power station itself and providing strong support for grid safety and stability. ,

[0026] In another implementation scheme, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, the compensation box 1, cooling water tank 2, box door 5, top box 6, and radiator fan 18 are all made of high and low temperature resistant and aging resistant materials suitable for plateau and hilly environments. An anti-condensation sealing ring is set between the compensation box 1 and the box door 5. The anti-condensation sealing ring adopts a wind and sand prevention and anti-condensation design to effectively isolate the intrusion of external wind and sand and water vapor, and avoid condensation aging of the insulation structure. The outer sides of the compensation box 1, cooling water tank 2, box door 5, top box 6, and radiator fan 18 are coated with an anti-ultraviolet coating to resist strong ultraviolet radiation at high altitudes and delay the aging of insulation materials.

[0027] To adapt to the unique environment of high-altitude and hilly areas characterized by frequent sandstorms, large temperature differences, and strong ultraviolet radiation, an anti-condensation sealing ring is installed between the compensation box 1 and the door 5. This ring features a dual design to prevent sandstorms and condensation, ensuring a tight seal and effectively preventing external wind, sand, rain, snow, and moisture from intruding into the compensation box 1. This prevents condensation aging and short-circuit faults in the insulation structure of internal electrical components. The outer surfaces of the compensation box 1, cooling water tank 2, door 5, top box 6, and cooling fan 18 are all coated with an anti-ultraviolet coating to withstand long-term exposure to strong ultraviolet radiation at high altitudes, slowing down the aging of insulation materials and the outer shell, and extending the equipment's service life. Furthermore, the two symmetrically arranged support bars 4 at the bottom provide stable support for the equipment, adapting to uneven installation sites in hilly areas. The handles 7 on both sides facilitate easy access for workers in hilly terrain. The equipment is designed for terrain handling and maintenance. The coolant replacement pipe 24 on the top of the cooling water tank 2 is used for regular coolant replacement to prevent coolant aging from affecting heat dissipation and to ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment. The core components, such as the compensation box 1 and the cooling water tank 2, are made of high and low temperature resistant and aging resistant materials. The outer surface is coated with an anti-ultraviolet coating, which can effectively resist strong ultraviolet radiation at high altitudes and delay the aging of insulation materials. The anti-condensation sealing ring adopts a wind and sand prevention and anti-condensation design, which can isolate external wind and sand and water vapor from intrusion and prevent condensation aging of the insulation structure. This solves the problems of easy damage and short lifespan of equipment caused by large temperature differences, wind and sand and strong ultraviolet radiation in high-altitude and hilly areas. At the same time, the support bar 4 provides stable support and the handle 7 facilitates handling in hilly terrain, further improving the adaptability of the equipment to complex terrain.

[0028] Working Principle: After the equipment is installed and debugged, the photovoltaic power station line is connected and the device is started. The control processing box 17 inside the compensation box 1 is the first to be powered on and start, entering the working ready state. Its integrated short-term photovoltaic output prediction unit is specifically designed for the characteristics of large fluctuations in photovoltaic output in plateau and hilly areas, which are significantly affected by terrain and weather. It collects multi-dimensional characteristic data such as on-site irradiance, ambient temperature, and wind speed in real time. It performs a series of preprocessing operations on the collected raw data, such as data normalization, factor analysis dimensionality reduction, and error correction, to eliminate abnormal data interference. Finally, it achieves accurate short-term prediction of photovoltaic output, providing scientific data support for subsequent reactive power compensation adjustments and avoiding compensation lag caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output. The model prediction control unit of the control processing box 17... The SVG core control algorithm works in conjunction with the fault-tolerant control unit to deeply integrate the prediction results output by the photovoltaic power output short-term prediction unit with the SVG core control algorithm. After logical operations, it precisely sends control commands to the SVG compensator 12, CHNT contactor 13, DC contactor 14, electric operator 15, and single-phase source transformer 16 inside the compensation box 1, starting the entire reactive power compensation system. Among them, CHNT contactor 13 and DC contactor 14 are responsible for controlling the on and off of the control loop, electric operator 15 assists in adjusting the equipment operating status, single-phase source transformer 16 realizes voltage adaptation, and SVG compensator 12, as the core compensation component, accurately outputs reactive power according to the commands, realizing advance compensation and dynamic real-time adjustment of reactive power, ensuring that the compensation accuracy matches the photovoltaic system. During power plant operation, reactive power compensation is continuously underway. Core electrical components such as the SVG compensator 12, CHNT contactor 13, and single-phase source transformer 16 continuously generate heat. Given the large temperature fluctuations and unique heat dissipation conditions in high-altitude areas, the water-cooled heat dissipation components automatically activate, forming a closed-loop heat dissipation circuit. The specific process is as follows: Special coolant, pre-filled in the cooling water tank 2 and adapted to the high and low temperature environment of high-altitude areas, is pressurized and extracted by the coolant pump 23, and stably transported to the connecting box 20 via the connecting pipe 25. The connecting box 20 then evenly distributes the coolant to the cooling coils 21. The cooling coils 21 are arranged close to the core components inside the compensation box 1, effectively absorbing the heat generated by the components. After absorbing heat, the coolant temperature rises, and the coolant is then transported to the connecting box 20. After being collected, the water flows back to the cooling water tank 2 through the connecting pipe 22, completing a full water-cooling cycle and continuously removing heat from the equipment. This is suitable for high-altitude and high-temperature environments. While the water-cooling components are working, the cooling fans 18 installed in the circular slots 19 at the top and bottom of the top box 6 and the top of the compensation box 1 are simultaneously powered on and started. The cooling fans 18 are responsible for drawing the cool air from the top box 6 into the compensation box 1, accelerating the air circulation inside the compensation box 1, forming a combined water-cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation mode. This effectively controls the internal temperature of the compensation box 1 to remain within the optimal operating range of the equipment, avoiding performance degradation, accelerated component aging, or shutdown due to high altitude and high temperatures. The grid-type control unit of the control processing box 17 strictly complies with the latest power grid connection specifications.Real-time monitoring of equipment operating parameters, grid voltage fluctuations, and photovoltaic output changes allows for dynamic adjustment of equipment operating status, effectively improving grid-connected adaptability, reducing unnecessary start-stop frequencies, and minimizing component wear. Simultaneously, the ventilation slots 3 on both sides of the compensation box 1 work in conjunction with the heat dissipation system to assist in expelling internal hot air and introducing fresh air, further optimizing heat dissipation. The cable inlet slot 9 at the bottom of the compensation box 1 is used to organize the connected photovoltaic power station lines, preventing tangled and messy wiring. Two cable inlets 10 precisely connect to the line interfaces, ensuring smooth reactive power compensation circuits and stable linkage between the compensation system, photovoltaic power station, and grid. To adapt to the special environment of high-altitude and hilly areas with frequent sandstorms, large temperature differences, and strong ultraviolet radiation, an anti-condensation sealing ring is installed between the compensation box 1 and the box door 5. This ring features a dual design for preventing wind and sand erosion and condensation, tightly sealing the gaps to effectively isolate external wind, sand, rain, snow, and moisture from intruding into the compensation box 1, preventing condensation aging and short-circuit faults in the insulation structure of internal electrical components. The outer surfaces of the compensation box 1, cooling water tank 2, box door 5, top box 6, and cooling fan 18 are all coated with... The UV-resistant coating can withstand long-term exposure to strong ultraviolet radiation at high altitudes, slowing down the aging of insulation materials and the outer casing, and extending the service life of the equipment. Furthermore, the two symmetrically arranged support bars 4 at the bottom provide stable support for the equipment, adapting to uneven installation sites in hilly areas. The handles 7 on both sides facilitate the handling and maintenance of the equipment in hilly terrain. The coolant replacement pipe 24 on the top of the cooling water tank 2 is used for regular coolant replacement to prevent coolant aging from affecting heat dissipation, comprehensively ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment. The control processing box 17 adopts a photovoltaic output prediction and adaptive compensation collaborative control strategy, accurately predicting photovoltaic output, achieving reactive power advance compensation and dynamic adjustment, improving compensation response speed, and effectively suppressing grid voltage fluctuations caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output. The water-cooled heat dissipation components and cooling fans 18 form a composite heat dissipation system, quickly removing heat generated by core components and preventing equipment from becoming inefficient or damaged due to high temperatures. The grid-type control unit improves the equipment's grid-connection adaptability and reduces start-stop frequency, ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic power station itself and providing strong support for the safety and stability of the power grid.

[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power plants in plateau and hilly areas, comprising a compensation box (1), characterized in that: The outside of the compensation box (1) is equipped with a water-cooled heat dissipation component. An SVG compensator (12) is fixedly installed inside the compensation box (1). A CHNT contactor (13) is fixedly installed inside the compensation box (1). A DC contactor (14) is fixedly installed inside the compensation box (1). An electric operator (15) is fixedly installed inside the compensation box (1). A single-phase source transformer (16) is fixedly installed inside the compensation box (1).

2. The water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-cooled heat dissipation assembly includes a cooling water tank (2) and a cooling fan (18). The cooling water tank (2) is installed on the back of the compensation box (1). A coolant pump (23) is fixedly installed on the top of the cooling water tank (2). The outlet end of the coolant pump (23) is connected to a connecting pipe two (25). The end of the connecting pipe two (25) away from the coolant pump (23) is connected to a connecting box one (20). The outside of the connecting box one (20) is connected to a cooling coil (21). The end of the cooling coil (21) away from the connecting box one (20) is connected to a connecting box two (26). The top of the connecting box two (26) is connected to a connecting pipe one (22). The end of the connecting pipe one (22) away from the connecting box two (26) is connected to the top of the cooling water tank (2).

3. A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the compensation box (1) is fixedly installed with a top box (6). Air inlet slots (8) are provided on both sides of the top box (6). Two circular slots (19) are provided at the bottom of the top box (6) and the top of the compensation box (1). Cooling fans (18) are installed inside the two circular slots (19).

4. A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cooling fan (18) is snapped onto the top of the top box (6), and a liquid exchange pipe (24) is connected to the top of the cooling water tank (2).

5. A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front of the compensation box (1) is fitted with a door (5) via a hinge. The front of the door (5) is fitted with a handle (11). Both sides of the compensation box (1) are fitted with handles (7). Both sides of the compensation box (1) are fitted with ventilation slots (3).

6. A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the compensation box (1) is provided with a cable inlet groove (9) and two cable inlet holes (10) are provided at the bottom of the compensation box (1).

7. A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the compensation box (1) is fixedly installed with support bars (4). There are two support bars (4), and the two support bars (4) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the compensation box (1).

8. A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The compensation box (1), cooling water tank (2), box door (5), top box (6) and radiator (18) are all made of high and low temperature resistant and aging resistant materials suitable for the plateau and hilly environment. An anti-condensation sealing ring is provided between the compensation box (1) and the box door (5), and the anti-condensation sealing ring adopts a wind and sand and anti-condensation design to effectively isolate the intrusion of external wind and sand and water vapor, and avoid condensation aging of the insulation structure. The outer side of the compensation box (1), cooling water tank (2), box door (5), top box (6) and radiator (18) is coated with an anti-ultraviolet coating to resist strong ultraviolet radiation on the plateau and delay the aging of the insulation material.

9. A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The compensation box (1) is equipped with a control processing box (17). The control processing box (17) adopts a photovoltaic power output prediction and adaptive compensation collaborative control strategy, including a photovoltaic power output short-term prediction unit, a model prediction control unit, a fault-tolerant control unit and a grid-type control unit.

10. A water-cooled SVG reactive power compensation device suitable for photovoltaic power stations in plateau and hilly areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: The photovoltaic output short-term prediction unit combines the characteristics of photovoltaic output fluctuations in plateau and hilly areas, collects multi-dimensional feature data such as irradiance and temperature, and achieves accurate short-term prediction of photovoltaic output through data normalization, factor analysis dimensionality reduction, and error correction. The model prediction control unit is combined with the fault-tolerant control unit to coordinate the photovoltaic output prediction results with the SVG control algorithm to achieve early compensation and dynamic adjustment of reactive power, improve the compensation response speed, and effectively suppress grid voltage fluctuations caused by sudden changes in photovoltaic output. The grid-type control unit meets the latest grid specifications, improves the grid-connected adaptability of equipment, reduces the frequency of equipment start-up and shutdown, and ensures long-term operational reliability.

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