An automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle battery control technology and discloses an automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery depletion in electric vehicles. The system includes: a data acquisition module, a risk latching module, a quota control module, a quota recovery module, and a lookup execution module. The data acquisition module acquires state-of-charge (SOC) data and historical electricity consumption statistics. The risk latching module performs a one-time risk assessment and writes a SOC flag. The quota control module determines the total global energy consumption and generates branch quota constraints and cut-off control. The quota recovery module recovers and redistributes remaining quotas. The lookup execution module sends messages and performs node lookup control. In this invention, a one-time risk assessment is performed and a SOC flag is written at the moment of parking triggering. Based on the SOC data, load branch energy quota constraints are generated. When the cumulative energy consumption reaches the quota, the power supply is cut off, achieving full-process quota control under a unified triggering benchmark.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle battery control technology, and more specifically to an automatic control system for preventing low-voltage batteries in electric vehicles from running out of power. Background Technology

[0002] As the electrical architecture of electric vehicles becomes increasingly complex, multiple low-voltage electrical loads continue to operate even when the vehicle is parked. These include standby on-board control units, battery management system monitoring, online remote communication modules, and intermittent operation of some comfort and safety-related loads. As a result, the low-voltage battery continues to consume electrical energy even when not in operation.

[0003] In existing technologies, for low-voltage battery anti-discharge control, the low-voltage system is usually monitored in real time or periodically by collecting battery state of charge data and combining it with static current characteristics. When the monitored value is lower than the preset threshold, part of the load is cut off, or a phased power-off strategy based on time or voltage is introduced in some schemes.

[0004] However, because the state of charge of low-voltage batteries can change instantaneously due to factors such as temperature fluctuations, short-term load changes, or battery polarization effects, the aforementioned real-time threshold judgment method can easily lead to frequent adjustments in the control strategy as the state changes. For example, the same load branch may be repeatedly switched on and off in a short period of time, or control decisions may switch back and forth near the threshold. This instability not only affects the service life of the load equipment, but may also lead to premature failure of critical functions or over-discharge of the battery due to misjudgment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes an automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles. The aim is to improve upon the problem that traditional low-voltage battery discharge prevention control systems mostly rely on real-time threshold judgment, which can easily lead to unstable strategies.

[0006] An automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the state of charge data of the low-voltage battery and historical power consumption statistics when the vehicle enters a parking state. The risk latching module has its input end connected to the output end of the data acquisition module. It is used to perform a one-time risk assessment at the time of shutdown triggering based on the historical electricity consumption statistics and the state of charge data, and write a state latching flag when the risk is determined to be high, so as to lock the risk assessment result of the current shutdown cycle. The quota control module, whose enable terminal is connected to the output terminal of the risk latch module, is used to determine the total global available power based on the state of charge data during the existence of the state latch flag, generate power quota constraints for each load branch according to the total global available power and the preset weight coefficients of each load branch, and trigger power supply cut-off control for the load branch when the cumulative power consumption of each load branch reaches the corresponding power quota. The quota recovery module has its input end connected to the current acquisition end of the quota control module and its output end connected to the quota update end of the quota control module. During the quota execution process, when the current of a load branch is continuously lower than a preset threshold for a certain period of time, the module recovers the remaining power quota of the load branch and distributes the recovered power quota to other load branches that are still in power supply according to a preset reduction rule.

[0007] Furthermore, the historical electricity consumption statistics include: historical parking duration statistics, and data on the correspondence between temperature and quiescent current.

[0008] Furthermore, the risk latching module is used for: A reference value for parking duration is determined based on the historical parking duration statistics. The reference value of static current is determined based on the correlation data between temperature and static current. The remaining operating time of the low-voltage battery is calculated based on the state of charge data and the quiescent current reference value. The remaining available time is compared with the parking duration reference value to output a risk assessment result.

[0009] Furthermore, the risk latch module is also used to: write the status latch flag to the non-volatile memory when the risk is determined to be high, and simultaneously write the status latch flag to the quota control module.

[0010] Furthermore, the quota control module is used for: Collect the current of each load branch and perform the current-time integral calculation to generate the cumulative power consumption of each load branch. The cumulative power consumption is compared with the corresponding power quota. When the cumulative power consumption reaches the corresponding power quota, a cut-off trigger signal is generated to control the electronic switch of the corresponding load branch to perform a power-off action.

[0011] Furthermore, the quota recovery module is used for: When the current of a load branch remains below a preset threshold for a preset time, the remaining power quota of that load branch is locked. Generate a quota recovery identifier and remove the power quota binding relationship from the load branch.

[0012] Furthermore, the quota recovery module is also used for: Receive the quota recovery identifier and parse the recovered electricity quota value; The recovered power quota is allocated to the load branches that are still in power supply according to the preset reduction rules, so as to update the total amount of available power in the whole. Based on the updated total available global power, the quota control module is triggered to regenerate the power quota constraints for each load branch.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset reduction rule includes: multiplying the recovered energy quota by a preset reduction factor, wherein the reduction factor is determined according to the priority of the corresponding load branch.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes: The table lookup execution module, whose input terminal is connected to the quota output terminal of the quota control module, is used to encapsulate the power quota of each load branch into a data message and send it to the execution node through the vehicle communication network; The execution node is used to locally store a mapping table between trigger conditions and control actions, and to parse the current trigger conditions according to the received data packets, obtain the corresponding control actions by looking up the table and execute them.

[0015] Furthermore, when the execution node does not receive the data packet within a preset time threshold, the execution node independently retrieves and executes the control action based on the mapping relationship table stored locally and the current state.

[0016] The invention employing the above technical solution has the following advantages: 1. This invention locks the quota control state domain by performing a one-time risk assessment and writing a state latch flag at the time of parking trigger. At the same time, it generates load branch power quota constraints based on the state of charge data and cuts off the power supply when the cumulative power consumption reaches the corresponding power quota. This achieves full-process quota control under a unified trigger benchmark, thereby improving the problem that most traditional low-voltage battery anti-discharge control uses real-time threshold judgment, which causes the strategy to be unstable due to fluctuations in the control process with state changes.

[0017] 2. Based on the whole-process quota control under the above unified triggering benchmark, the present invention further recovers the remaining power quota by determining the time when the load branch current is continuously lower than the preset threshold during the quota execution process, and allocates it to the load branch that is still in the power supply state according to the preset reduction rule, thereby realizing the dynamic recovery and redistribution of power. This improves the problem that most traditional power distribution methods adopt fixed distribution, which does not take into account the actual use status of the load, thus causing insufficient power utilization.

[0018] 3. Based on the whole-process quota control under the above unified triggering benchmark, the present invention also encapsulates the power quota into data packets and sends them to the execution node. The execution node then looks up the table based on the mapping relationship between the triggering conditions and the control actions to execute the control actions, thereby realizing the structured distribution and local execution of the control strategy. This improves the problem that traditional load control methods mostly rely on centralized decision-making and cause response delays due to the dependence on communication links. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery depletion in electric vehicles proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an automatic control method for preventing low-voltage battery depletion in electric vehicles, as proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the state of charge data of the low-voltage battery and historical power consumption statistics when the vehicle enters the parking state. Preferably, the historical power consumption statistics include: historical parking duration statistics and the corresponding relationship data between temperature and static current. In this embodiment, the data acquisition module is used for: The system detects when the vehicle's control status changes from running to stopped. Data acquisition trigger commands are generated based on parking status switching signals; Read low-voltage battery state-of-charge data based on data acquisition trigger command; Historical electricity consumption statistics are read from the storage unit based on data acquisition trigger commands; The acquired low-voltage battery state-of-charge data and historical electricity consumption statistics are stored and not updated during the current shutdown cycle.

[0023] Specifically, when the vehicle switches from running state to parking state, the change in the status bit of the vehicle control status signal is used as the trigger source. When the status bit switches from running to parking, a data acquisition trigger command is generated. Then, based on the trigger command, two types of data reading operations are executed synchronously: one is to read the low-voltage battery state of charge data from the battery management unit, and the other is to read historical power consumption statistics from the storage unit.

[0024] Among them, the historical parking duration statistics are obtained by statistically analyzing multiple parking duration sequences, and the correspondence data between temperature and static current is formed by mapping and storing the ambient temperature and the sampled parking static current values.

[0025] In this scheme, historical parking duration statistics can be represented as a time series set: ; in, Indicates the first The duration of each stop, recorded by the vehicle controller, and the correlation between temperature and quiescent current can be represented by a mapping function. The mapping relationship is implemented in the form of discrete lookup tables, and the mapping function is stored using a discrete temperature segmented lookup table method.

[0026] in, It represents the ambient temperature and is acquired by a temperature sensor. This indicates the corresponding static current, which is obtained by sampling the low-voltage circuit current. After the data reading is completed, the low-voltage battery state of charge data and historical power consumption statistics are written into the storage unit to form the data set for the current parking cycle. This data set will not be updated during the parking cycle, thus forming fixed input data for subsequent risk assessment and processing.

[0027] Among them, the state of charge data serves as an input reflecting the current available power and is used in the subsequent global available power calculation; historical parking duration statistics are used to provide a reference benchmark for parking duration; and the correspondence between temperature and quiescent current is used to provide a basis for quiescent power consumption estimation. All three serve as input parameters for the subsequent risk assessment module to support the initialization of one-time risk assessment and quota control.

[0028] The risk latch module has its input end connected to the output end of the data acquisition module. It is used to perform a one-time risk assessment based on historical electricity consumption statistics and state of charge data at the time of shutdown triggering, and write a state latch flag when the risk is determined to be high risk, so as to lock the risk assessment result of the current shutdown cycle. In this embodiment, the risk latching module is used for: Determine reference values ​​for parking duration based on historical parking duration statistics; The reference value of static current is determined based on the correlation data between temperature and static current. The remaining lifespan of the low-voltage battery is calculated based on state-of-charge data and quiescent current reference values. The remaining available time is compared with a reference value for parking duration to output a risk assessment result.

[0029] Specifically, at the moment when the vehicle enters the parking state, historical parking duration statistics, temperature and static current correlation data, and low-voltage battery state of charge data are read as a unified input data set.

[0030] The historical parking duration statistics are derived from the vehicle controller's record set of multiple parking durations. The correlation data between temperature and quiescent current is derived from the historical mapping record of ambient temperature acquisition values ​​and low-voltage circuit quiescent current sampling values. The low-voltage battery state-of-charge data is obtained by the battery management unit in real time. Based on this, a parking duration reference value is first calculated using the historical parking duration statistics. The parking duration reference value can be expressed as an average value as follows: ; in, Indicates the first The duration of each stop is obtained from historical records. The term "statistical frequency" is used to indicate the number of times a parking session is executed. In this scheme, the preferred reference value for parking duration is the average of historical parking durations to reflect typical parking cycles. Secondly, the reference value for static current is determined based on the correlation data between temperature and static current. The static current reference value is determined by mapping the current ambient temperature to the static current. Obtained by looking up a table.

[0031] in, Data collected by a temperature sensor. This represents the typical static current consumption under this temperature condition. In this scheme, the static current reference value is preferably obtained by looking up a table to avoid real-time modeling errors. Then, the low-voltage battery state-of-charge data, the parking time reference value, and the static current reference value are combined to calculate the risk assessment result. The combined calculation can be expressed as the remaining support time: ; in, This represents the current available energy baseline value, calculated from the state-of-charge data and the battery's rated capacity. The calculation relationship is Q = SOC·C. nom , This indicates the reference value for the static current.

[0032] By comparison and The size relationship outputs the risk assessment result when When it is determined to be a high-risk state, when When the risk is determined to be non-high-risk, the risk determination result serves as the triggering basis for subsequent control logic. When the risk is determined to be high-risk, a state latch flag is generated and written to the storage unit to maintain the current control mode. In subsequent steps, this state latch flag is used to trigger the quota control module to execute power quota allocation and power supply cut-off control, thereby realizing the pre-determination of low-voltage battery depletion risk and the selection of control strategies in the initial stage of parking.

[0033] In this embodiment, the risk latch module is also used to: write a status latch flag to the non-volatile memory when the risk is determined to be high, and synchronously write the status latch flag to the quota control module.

[0034] Specifically, at the moment the parking is triggered, the risk assessment result is first received, and the risk assessment result is recorded as follows: ,in, ,when Indicates a high-risk state, when This indicates a non-high-risk state. The risk assessment result is calculated from the preceding combination and transmitted to the latch control unit via the internal bus.

[0035] In this scheme, the risk assessment result is represented using a single-bit logical quantity to reduce storage and assessment complexity; when a risk is detected... At that time, the state latch flag is then recorded as and perform the assignment operation. The state latch flag is a binary control parameter used to characterize whether the quota control state domain has been entered.

[0036] In this scheme, the state latch flag is preferably stored in a fixed address cell in non-volatile memory to ensure state consistency even after power failure. After writing is complete, the state latch flag is synchronously written to the corresponding storage cell of the quota control module, making the state latch flag an enable signal for the quota control module. In this scheme, once the state latch flag is written to... This value remains unchanged during the current parking cycle, ensuring that the subsequent quota control module continuously performs quota calculation and control operations based on this state throughout the entire parking cycle; the final output is a state latch flag. and quota control enable signal This result is directly used as the trigger input for the subsequent quota control module to start the global available power calculation and quota constraint generation, thereby realizing the closed-loop connection from risk assessment to quota control.

[0037] The quota control module, whose enable terminal is connected to the output terminal of the risk latch module, is used to determine the total global available power based on the state of charge data during the existence of the state latch flag, generate power quota constraints for each load branch according to the total global available power and the preset weight coefficients of each load branch, and trigger the power supply cut-off control for the load branch when the cumulative power consumption of each load branch reaches the corresponding power quota.

[0038] Specifically, the quota calculation process is initiated while the state latch flag is present. First, the low-voltage battery state-of-charge data is read and recorded as... ,in, This indicates the current remaining battery capacity percentage. The state of charge (SOC) data is obtained by the battery management system through voltage-current integration and open-circuit voltage calibration. In this solution... It is preferred to obtain it by coulometric measurement.

[0039] Calculate the current available energy baseline value based on state of charge data and denote it as follows: The calculation method is as follows: ; All electrical energy is measured in watt-hours as a uniform unit. This indicates the rated capacity of the low-voltage battery, in ampere-hours. This represents the average battery voltage within the current operating range, in volts, in this scheme. Preferred battery nominal capacity and The historical average voltage is preferred.

[0040] The current available power baseline value is then mapped to the total global available power and denoted as . The mapping relationship is as follows: ; in, This represents the safety reduction factor, used to reserve a margin for battery protection. In this scheme... The preferred calibration value is one in the range of 0.7 to 0.9.

[0041] After obtaining the total available global electrical energy, an allocation calculation is performed on each load branch. Assume the system has... The load branch, for the first The power quota is allocated to each load branch and recorded as follows: The allocation relationship is as follows: ; in, Indicates the first The weighting coefficients of the load branches and satisfying The weighting coefficients are preset calibration parameters and configured according to load priority. In this scheme, higher priority loads correspond to larger weight values. After allocation, the power quota set of each load branch is output. This result serves as the input for the subsequent power consumption determination module, which compares it with the cumulative power consumption obtained through real-time integration. This triggers power cut-off control when the cumulative power consumption reaches the corresponding power quota, thus realizing a closed-loop execution logic from global power constraints to branch-level power cut-off control.

[0042] In this embodiment, the quota control module is used for: Collect the current of each load branch and perform the current-time integral calculation to generate the cumulative power consumption of each load branch. The cumulative power consumption is compared with the corresponding power quota. When the cumulative power consumption reaches the corresponding power quota, a cut-off trigger signal is generated to control the electronic switch of the corresponding load branch to perform a power-off action.

[0043] Specifically, during the quota execution phase, current is collected for each load branch and time-series current data is generated, denoted as... ;in, Indicates the load branch number and The current data represents a time variable and is obtained in real time by the branch current sensor. In this scheme, the sampling period is denoted as . And preferably, sampling is performed at a fixed period.

[0044] Based on the collected current data, a current-time integral calculation is performed to generate the cumulative energy consumption, which is denoted as . The calculation method is as follows: ; in, This represents the voltage data of the corresponding load branch, measured by the vehicle's low-voltage power supply bus. In scenarios with small voltage fluctuations, an approximate expression can be used: ; in, This represents the average voltage of the low-voltage system; in this scheme, the rated voltage value is preferred. Subsequently, the cumulative energy consumption is... Power quota for corresponding load branch Real-time comparison is performed, including electricity quotas. Obtained from the preceding quota allocation process, when the judgment condition is met... A cut-off trigger signal is generated and recorded as follows: ,in, This indicates that a power outage has been triggered. This indicates that power supply is maintained; in this scheme, the determination is made using a single threshold comparison logic to reduce control complexity and improve response determinism; after generating the cut-off trigger signal, the cut-off trigger signal is output to the execution control unit to drive the corresponding load branch electronic switch to perform the power-off action.

[0045] Among them, the electronic switch preferably adopts a relay or power semiconductor switching device; the final output result is the set of cut-off trigger signals for each load branch. The result is directly used to control the on / off state of the power supply path, thereby realizing branch-level power supply cut-off control based on power quota constraints and ensuring that the cumulative power consumption does not exceed the preset power quota.

[0046] The quota recovery module has its input end connected to the current acquisition end of the quota control module and its output end connected to the quota update end of the quota control module. It is used to recover the remaining power quota of a load branch when the current of a load branch is continuously lower than a preset threshold for a certain period of time during the quota execution process, and to allocate the recovered power quota to other load branches that are still in the power supply state according to a preset reduction rule. In this embodiment, the quota recovery module is used for: When the current of a load branch remains below a preset threshold for a preset time, the remaining power quota of that load branch is locked. Generate a quota recovery identifier and remove the power quota binding relationship from the load branch.

[0047] Specifically, during the quota execution phase, continuous current is collected for each load branch to form time-series current data, denoted as... ;in, Indicates the load branch number and The current data represents a time variable and is obtained by periodic sampling from the branch current sensor. In this scheme, the sampling period is denoted as . Preferably, a fixed sampling period is used; the current data is compared with a preset current threshold, which is denoted as... ;in, This indicates the current limit for determining whether the branch is under low load or no load. This threshold is determined by historical electricity consumption statistics. In this scheme, the upper limit of the typical standby current of the corresponding branch is preferred.

[0048] Construct indicator function The initial value of the indicator function is set to zero, and when the condition is met... The time value is Otherwise, the value is After detection Start timing for duration and generate cumulative duration. The accumulation method is as follows: ; in, Indicates the discrete sampling sequence number; when the cumulative duration meets the judgment condition. The recycling decision is triggered at a certain time, whereby... This indicates the preset judgment time threshold, and in this scheme, the calibration value is preferably selected within the range of several seconds to several minutes.

[0049] After the recycling criteria are met, the remaining energy quota for the corresponding load branch is calculated, and the remaining energy quota is denoted as... The calculation method is as follows: ; in, This indicates the original allocated power quota for this branch and This indicates the cumulative energy consumption of this branch; if the calculated result is less than zero, it is treated as zero. After obtaining the remaining energy quota, a quota recovery identifier is generated and recorded as... ,in This indicates that the branch has entered the quota recovery state, and at the same time, the binding relationship between the power quota of this load branch and the corresponding branch is released; the final output result is the remaining power quota. and quota recovery mark This result serves as input for the subsequent quota redistribution process, which uses preset reduction rules to redistribute the recovered energy quota to load branches that are still in power supply, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of quotas and improving overall utilization efficiency.

[0050] In this embodiment, the quota recovery module is also used for: Receive quota recovery identifiers and parse the recovered electricity quota values; The recovered power quota is allocated to the load branches that are still in power supply according to the preset reduction rules, so as to update the total amount of available power in the whole. Based on the updated total available global power, the quota control module is triggered to regenerate the power quota constraints for each load branch.

[0051] The preset reduction rules include: multiplying the recovered electricity quota by a preset reduction factor, which is determined according to the priority of the corresponding load branch.

[0052] Specifically, after the quota recovery determination is completed, the quota recovery identifier of each load branch is received and the corresponding remaining power quota value is parsed, and the number is recorded as follows: The recycling identifier for each load branch is: And satisfy The remaining electricity quota is recorded as ,in, The difference between the previous cumulative energy consumption and the initial quota is obtained; for those that meet the requirements... The branch performs a reduction process, mapping the recovered energy quota to a global available energy increment value, denoted as . The calculation method is as follows: ; in, Indicates the first The reduction factor corresponding to each load branch is determined by a preset reduction rule. In this scheme, the reduction factor is preferably set to different values ​​based on load priority to avoid excessive impact of low-priority branch reclamation quotas on the system; thus forming the updated total global available power. ;in, This represents the total global available electrical energy before recycling. After obtaining the updated total global available electrical energy, a new quota allocation calculation is performed on the set of load branches that are still in a power supply state. Let the number of branches currently in a power supply state be . , for the The branch is allocated a new power quota and recorded as The allocation relationship is ;in, This represents the total redistributable electrical energy after reduction processing. It is obtained by summing the remaining quotas of each branch after processing with a reduction factor. This parameter is used to characterize the total electrical energy scale that can participate in quota allocation at the current moment. Indicates the first The redistribution weighting coefficients of each load branch are pre-determined based on load priority and current power supply status, and the sum of the weighting coefficients of all branches in a power supply state is 1, thereby distributing the recovered energy to each branch according to its weight; the final output is the updated set of load branch energy quotas. This result is used to replace the original energy quota constraint and input into the subsequent cumulative energy consumption determination process, thereby realizing dynamic redistribution control after quota recovery.

[0053] Also includes: The table lookup execution module has its input end connected to the quota output end of the quota control module. It is used to encapsulate the power quota of each load branch into a data message and send it to the execution node through the vehicle communication network. The execution node is used to locally store the mapping table between trigger conditions and control actions, and to parse the current trigger conditions based on the received data packets, retrieve the corresponding control actions by looking up the table, and execute them.

[0054] Specifically, after the quotas are generated, the power quota data for each load branch is acquired and a quota data set is formed, denoted as... ,in, This indicates the load branch number and that the energy quota is obtained from the previous quota allocation process. The energy quota, branch identification information, and timestamp information are combined to form a structured data unit. The header field, data field, and checksum field are combined to form a data message. This quota data message is sent to the execution node via the vehicle communication network. The execution node receives the data message and parses it to obtain the current triggering condition, denoted as... The triggering conditions are formed by a combination of electricity quota data and real-time operating status; a mapping table between triggering conditions and control actions is pre-stored locally on the execution node, denoted as... The mapping relationship is defined as follows: ; in The control action code and mapping relationship are generated through offline calibration. In this scheme, the mapping relationship is preferably stored in the local storage unit in a discrete lookup table format. The current trigger condition is used as an index to input the mapping relationship table for a single matching operation to obtain the corresponding control action code. Then, the control action code is output to the execution unit to drive the execution unit to execute the corresponding control action. The final output result is the control action code. The result of the control signal is used to achieve rapid switching of the power supply status of the load branch, thereby completing the closed-loop control process from power quota constraints to specific execution actions.

[0055] In this embodiment, when the execution node does not receive a data packet within a preset time threshold, the execution node independently retrieves and executes the control action based on the mapping table stored locally and the current state.

[0056] Specifically, on the execution node side, data packet reception time records are maintained, and the time of the most recent valid data packet reception is recorded as... Meanwhile, the current time is continuously generated by the local clock. Construct communication state determination quantities: ; in, The communication interface updates the information when a successfully parsed and verified data packet arrives. The time resolution is preferably in the millisecond range, obtained by counting the internal clock of the execution node. The communication status determination quantity is compared with a preset time threshold, which is denoted as […]. This threshold is obtained by calibrating the system communication cycle, and in this scheme... The preferred setting is two to five times the normal message sending cycle.

[0057] When the judgment condition is met A communication interruption flag is generated and recorded as follows: ,in, This indicates that the communication has been lost. This indicates that communication is normal; Under certain conditions, the dependency on external data packets is stopped and the execution path is switched to the local table lookup execution path. The execution node reads the mapping relationship table between trigger conditions and control actions from the local storage unit, denoted as... Simultaneously, based on the most recent energy quota status cached locally and the current branch operating status, the current triggering condition is constructed and denoted as... The triggering condition is formed by the combination of the current power quota status and the branch operating status; the current triggering condition is used as an index input to the mapping table to perform a matching operation and obtain the control action code, denoted as... In this scheme, the mapping relationship preferably adopts a discrete lookup table form to ensure that a single match is completed; then the control action code is output to the execution unit to drive the corresponding control action to be executed.

[0058] The final output is a communication interruption flag. and control action coding The control action code is used to maintain the continuous execution of the load branch power supply control logic in the event of communication loss, thereby ensuring that the system can still complete the control action output based on the local mapping relationship even without external data message input.

[0059] Example 2: This invention provides an automatic control method for preventing low-voltage battery depletion in electric vehicles, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps: When the vehicle enters a parking state, low-voltage battery state of charge data and historical power consumption statistics are acquired. The historical power consumption statistics include historical parking duration statistics and data on the correspondence between temperature and static current. Based on historical parking duration statistics, temperature and static current correlation data, and state of charge data, a one-time risk assessment is performed at the moment of parking triggering, and a state latch flag is written to lock the quota control state domain when the risk is high. During the period when the state latch flag exists, the total amount of global available power is determined based on the state of charge data and the power quota constraint of the load branch is generated. When the cumulative power consumption reaches the corresponding power quota, the power supply cut-off control of the corresponding load branch is triggered. During the quota execution process, the remaining power quota of the corresponding load branch is recovered based on the determination time when the load branch current is continuously lower than the preset threshold, and the recovered power quota is allocated to the load branch that is still in the power supply state according to the preset reduction rule. The electricity quota is encapsulated into a data message and sent to the execution node. Each execution node retrieves the corresponding control action based on the pre-stored mapping relationship between trigger conditions and control actions, and executes it.

[0060] In scenarios where electric vehicles are parked outdoors for extended periods, the vehicle is in a parked state with the engine off and the low-voltage battery continuously supplies power to the on-board controller, security module, and remote communication module. Due to changes in ambient temperature and fluctuations in static load, the low-voltage battery may over-discharge, leading to a technical problem where the entire vehicle cannot be woken up or started.

[0061] To solve the above problems, an automatic control method for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles, provided by this invention, is adopted, and its process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown. The specific implementation process of this method is as follows: First, when the vehicle enters the parking state, low-voltage battery state of charge data and historical power consumption statistics are acquired. The historical power consumption statistics include historical parking duration statistics and the correspondence between temperature and static current data, thus forming a unified input data set for the current parking cycle. This can fix key input parameters at the initial stage of parking, avoid the impact of data fluctuations on the consistency of judgment during subsequent operation, and provide a stable data foundation for subsequent risk assessment. Then, based on historical parking duration statistics, temperature and static current correspondence data, and state of charge data, a one-time risk assessment is performed at the parking trigger moment. When the risk is high, a state latch flag is written to lock the quota control state domain. This completes the pre-identification of low-voltage battery depletion risk at the initial stage of parking and avoids control oscillations caused by repeated assessments through state latching, thus achieving consistency and determinism of the control strategy. Next, during the existence of the state latch flag, the total amount of global available power is determined based on the state of charge data and a power quota constraint for the load branch is generated. When the cumulative power consumption reaches the corresponding power quota, the power supply cut-off control of the corresponding load branch is triggered, thereby allocating the limited power to each load branch according to priority. The quota constraint enables refined energy management, avoids disorderly power consumption by low-priority loads, and extends the maintenance time of critical functions. Subsequently, during the quota execution process, the remaining power quota of the corresponding load branch is recovered based on the determination time when the load branch current is continuously lower than the preset threshold. The recovered power quota is then allocated to the load branches that are still in power supply according to the preset reduction rules, thereby realizing the dynamic recovery and redistribution of power resources, improving the overall power utilization efficiency, and avoiding the problems of power idleness or uneven distribution. Finally, the power quota is encapsulated into a data message and sent to the execution node. Each execution node retrieves the corresponding control action based on the pre-stored mapping relationship between trigger conditions and control actions, and executes it. This enables the rapid issuance and local execution of control decisions, ensuring control consistency under normal communication conditions and allowing the system to independently complete control actions based on the local mapping relationship even under abnormal communication conditions, thereby improving the system's robustness and reliability.

[0062] Through the above process, this invention achieves pre-judgment of low-voltage battery depletion risk, energy quota constraint and dynamic optimization allocation in long-term parking scenarios, effectively avoiding the problem of vehicle failure to start due to low-voltage battery depletion, while taking into account system stability and energy utilization efficiency.

[0063] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle low-voltage battery power loss prevention automatic control system, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the state of charge data of the low-voltage battery and historical power consumption statistics when the vehicle enters a parking state. The risk latching module has its input end connected to the output end of the data acquisition module. It is used to perform a one-time risk assessment at the time of shutdown triggering based on the historical electricity consumption statistics and the state of charge data, and write a state latching flag when the risk is determined to be high, so as to lock the risk assessment result of the current shutdown cycle. The quota control module, whose enable terminal is connected to the output terminal of the risk latch module, is used to determine the total global available power based on the state of charge data during the existence of the state latch flag, generate power quota constraints for each load branch according to the total global available power and the preset weight coefficients of each load branch, and trigger power supply cut-off control for the load branch when the cumulative power consumption of each load branch reaches the corresponding power quota. The quota recovery module has its input end connected to the current acquisition end of the quota control module and its output end connected to the quota update end of the quota control module. During the quota execution process, when the current of a load branch is continuously lower than a preset threshold for a certain period of time, the module recovers the remaining power quota of the load branch and distributes the recovered power quota to other load branches that are still in power supply according to a preset reduction rule.

2. The low-voltage battery power loss prevention automatic control system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The historical electricity consumption statistics include: historical parking duration statistics, and data on the relationship between temperature and quiescent current.

3. The low-voltage battery anti-depletion automatic control system of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The risk latching module is used for: A reference value for parking duration is determined based on the historical parking duration statistics. The reference value of static current is determined based on the correlation data between temperature and static current. The remaining operating time of the low-voltage battery is calculated based on the state of charge data and the quiescent current reference value. The remaining available time is compared with the parking duration reference value to output a risk assessment result.

4. The automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The risk latch module is also used to: write the status latch flag to the non-volatile memory when the risk is determined to be high, and simultaneously write the status latch flag to the quota control module.

5. The automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quota control module is used for: Collect the current of each load branch and perform the current-time integral calculation to generate the cumulative power consumption of each load branch. The cumulative power consumption is compared with the corresponding power quota. When the cumulative power consumption reaches the corresponding power quota, a cut-off trigger signal is generated to control the electronic switch of the corresponding load branch to perform a power-off action.

6. The automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quota recovery module is used for: When the current of a load branch remains below a preset threshold for a preset time, the remaining power quota of that load branch is locked. Generate a quota recovery identifier and remove the power quota binding relationship from the load branch.

7. The automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The quota recovery module is also used for: Receive the quota recovery identifier and parse the recovered electricity quota value; The recovered power quota is allocated to the load branches that are still in power supply according to the preset reduction rules, so as to update the total amount of available power in the whole. Based on the updated total available global power, the quota control module is triggered to regenerate the power quota constraints for each load branch.

8. The automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset reduction rule includes: multiplying the recovered energy quota by a preset reduction factor, wherein the reduction factor is determined according to the priority of the corresponding load branch.

9. The automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The table lookup execution module, whose input terminal is connected to the quota output terminal of the quota control module, is used to encapsulate the power quota of each load branch into a data message and send it to the execution node through the vehicle communication network; The execution node is used to locally store a mapping table between trigger conditions and control actions, and to parse the current trigger conditions according to the received data packets, obtain the corresponding control actions by looking up the table and execute them.

10. The automatic control system for preventing low-voltage battery discharge in electric vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the execution node does not receive the data packet within a preset time threshold, the execution node independently retrieves the control action based on the mapping relationship table stored locally and executes it according to the current state.

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