A flexible self-powered device-based wearable equipment and energy management method

Abstract

This invention provides a wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device and an energy management method. The wearable device includes a flexible power generation section, a flexible energy storage section, and a functional load section. The flexible power generation section includes a nanogenerator and a conditioning circuit. The flexible energy storage section is sewn into the clothing and includes a flexible lithium battery pack and an energy management circuit. The flexible lithium battery pack is composed of multiple flexible lithium battery cells laid flat and connected in parallel. The energy management circuit uses a flexible PCB board and includes switch 1, switch 2, N sets of switching switches, an MCU, a voltage divider circuit, a power supply switching circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit. The functional load section includes a power-saving circuit and a functional circuit. The circuit uses a flexible PCB board and is sewn into the clothing. The power-saving circuit ensures stable operation of the subsequent functional circuits when the power source changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wearable devices, specifically to a wearable device and energy management method based on a flexible self-powered device. Background Technology

[0002] Flexible self-powered devices refer to flexible nanogenerators that generate electrical energy using triboelectric, piezoelectric, thermoelectric, photoelectric, magnetoelectric, or hybrid effects. Currently, flexible nanogenerators have two main applications in wearable devices: first, self-powered sensors, which do not require active power supply to the flexible nanogenerator. Based on its ability to spontaneously generate electrical fluctuations in specific scenarios, the generated electrical energy is collected, processed, and calculated through signal processing circuits; second, storing the electrical energy generated by the flexible nanogenerator in capacitors to simply and intermittently drive low-power light-emitting or display devices for alarms and displays. Currently, the energy generated by flexible nanogenerators is not effectively stored and utilized, resulting in energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To avoid energy waste from flexible nanogenerators in wearable devices, this invention proposes a wearable device and energy management method based on a flexible self-powered device, which effectively collects and utilizes the energy generated by the flexible nanogenerator, thereby improving the battery life of the wearable device.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device, comprising a flexible power generation section, a flexible energy storage section, and a functional load section, wherein: The flexible power generation component includes a nanogenerator component and a conditioning circuit. The nanogenerators are distributed in one or more parts of the clothing, and each part has the same type of nanogenerator that outputs one power signal. The conditioning circuit uses a flexible PCB board, sewn onto the clothing, and its function is to condition the high-voltage, low-current AC power generated by one or more nanogenerators into a 5V constant voltage DC power output. The flexible energy storage component is integrated with clothing through sewing and includes a flexible lithium battery pack and an energy management circuit. The flexible lithium battery pack is composed of multiple flexible lithium battery cells laid flat and connected in parallel. The energy management circuit uses a flexible PCB board and includes switch 1, switch 2, N sets of switching switches, MCU, voltage divider circuit, power supply switching circuit, and voltage regulator circuit. Specifically, the power supply switching circuit selects the power source for the energy management circuit; the voltage regulator circuit ensures stable power supply to the MCU, voltage divider circuit, switches 1 and 2, and N sets of switching switches; when the system is powered on, switches 1 and 2, and the N sets of switching switches are all in the open state, and the flexible lithium battery pack has no voltage output, so the input of the power supply switching circuit is the flexible power generation part; after the system initialization is completed, the flexible lithium battery pack supplies power to the functional load part, and the power supply switching circuit selects the source with the higher voltage to output to the voltage regulator circuit based on the output voltage of the flexible power generation part and the output voltage of the flexible lithium battery pack; part of the electricity generated by the flexible power generation part charges the flexible lithium battery pack through the opening / closing of switches 1 and 2 and the N sets of switching switches, and part of it serves as the input of the voltage regulator circuit through the selection and switching of the power supply switching circuit; part of the electricity generated by the flexible lithium battery pack supplies power to the functional load through the opening / closing of the N sets of switching switches, and part of it serves as the input of the voltage regulator circuit through the selection and switching of the power supply switching circuit.

[0005] The functional load section includes a power-saving circuit and a functional circuit. The circuit uses a flexible PCB board and is sewn into the clothing. The power-saving circuit ensures the stable operation of the subsequent functional circuit when the power source is switched. The functional circuit includes a power module, an alarm module, a signal processing module, a pulse wave sensor, a blood oxygen sensor, and a body temperature sensor.

[0006] Specifically, the nanogenerator consists of three types of nanogenerators: triboelectric nanogenerators, piezoelectric nanogenerators, and photoelectric nanogenerators. Each type of nanogenerator is made using flexible or woven materials and can be integrated with clothing by weaving or sewing.

[0007] Specifically, the flexible energy storage section includes a flexible lithium battery pack comprising cell 1, cell 2, ..., cell N; the flexible energy storage section's energy management circuit includes switch 1, switch 2, and N sets of switching switches, each set including switch n1, switch n2, switch n3, and switch n4, where n = 1, 2, ..., N; the positive terminal of the electrical energy generated by the flexible power generation section is connected to the positive terminal of the charging channel via switch 1, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the charging channel via switch 2; the positive terminal of cell N is connected to the positive terminal of the charging channel via switch n3, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the charging channel via switch n4; the positive terminal of cell N is connected to the positive terminal of the discharging channel via switch n1, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the discharging channel via switch n2; the charging and discharging channels are directly connected to a voltage divider circuit; the MUC calculates the voltage of the charging and discharging channels in the voltage divider circuit via an ADC; the negative terminals of the charging and discharging channels are connected via ferrite beads.

[0008] Specifically, toggle switches are classified into two types according to their functions: The first method involves opening / closing switches 1 and 2, which allows the electrical energy generated by the flexible power generation unit to be connected to the charging channel. The second method involves opening / closing switches n1 and n2 (n=1, 2, ... N) and opening / closing switches n3 and n4 (n=1, 2, ... N) to control the opening / closing of the charging and discharging path for each battery cell.

[0009] Specifically, the MUC obtains the charging and discharging channel voltage value through a voltage divider circuit, and controls the opening or closing of the charging and discharging path of each cell by combining the open / closed states of switches n1, n2, n3, n4 (n=1, 2, ... N).

[0010] Specifically, the voltage divider circuit is used to divide the voltage of the charging and discharging channel to a voltage range that the MCU can acquire.

[0011] Secondly, this application provides an energy management method for wearable devices based on flexible self-powered devices. The method is applied to the aforementioned wearable devices based on flexible self-powered devices and includes: Step 1: Before powering on, all cells of the flexible battery pack in the flexible energy storage section of the wearable device based on the flexible self-powered device are fully charged, and all switches are in the off state before powering on. Step 2: Power-on initialization. After the system is powered on, the MCU controls the switches n3 and n4 (n=1, 2, ... N) to open and close sequentially, ensuring that only one cell is connected to the charging channel at a time. The MCU obtains the voltage of each cell and calibrates the status of each cell based on the voltage value. Each cell has five statuses: charging, discharging, empty, fully charged, and ready to discharge. Step 3: The MCU controls the closing and opening of each switch according to the status of each cell and the voltage of the charging and discharging channel, so as to realize the parallel charging and discharging function of the system.

[0012] Step 4: If all the battery cells have been depleted, and the power generated by the flexible power generation part is very weak due to the environment in which the wearable device is located, it will not be able to support the normal operation of the energy management circuit. In this case, the entire system will be in a power-off state. When the environment is restored, the power generated by the flexible power generation part will be able to support the operation of the energy management circuit. Repeat steps 2 and 3.

[0013] Specifically, step 2 includes: Step 21: After the system is powered on, the MCU controls switch 13 and switch 14 to close, connecting the positive and negative terminals of battery cell 1 to the charging channel; Step 22: The MCU obtains the voltage of cell 1 and the set full charge voltage threshold V through a voltage divider circuit and ADC acquisition and calculation. 充满 and discharge voltage threshold V 放空 Comparison: If the voltage of cell 1 is greater than or equal to the full charge voltage threshold V... 充满If the voltage of cell 1 is less than the full charge voltage threshold V, then cell 1 is marked as fully charged; 充满 And greater than or equal to the discharge voltage threshold V 放空 If the voltage of cell 1 is less than the discharge voltage threshold V, then cell 1 is marked as dischargeable. 放空 Cell 1 is then calibrated as discharged; proceed to the next step. Step 23: MCU control 13 and switch 14 are disconnected, control 23 and switch 24 are closed, connecting the positive and negative terminals of battery cell 2 to the charging channel; Repeat step 22; Step 24: The MCU controls (N-1)3 and switch (N-1)4 to open, and controls N3 and switch n4 to close. The MCU obtains the cell N voltage and the set full charge voltage threshold V through the voltage divider circuit and ADC acquisition and calculation. 充满 and discharge voltage threshold V 放空 Comparison: If the voltage of cell N is greater than or equal to the full charge voltage threshold V... 充满 If the voltage of cell N is less than the full charge voltage threshold V, then cell N is marked as fully charged. 充满 And greater than or equal to the discharge voltage threshold V 放空 If the voltage of cell N is less than the discharge voltage threshold V, then cell N is marked as dischargeable. 放空 The cell N state is then set to discharged; the MCU controls N3 and switch n4 to disconnect, and the system initialization is complete. Step 25: After the system initialization is successful, the status of all battery cells is determined.

[0014] Specifically, step 3 includes: Step 31: The MCU first controls switches 11 and 12 to close, connecting the positive and negative terminals of cell 1 to the discharge channel. The MCU collects the discharge channel voltage in real time and updates the status of cell 1 to discharge. Step 32: When the discharge channel voltage is less than the discharge voltage threshold V 放空 The MCU controls switches 11 and 12 to open and switches 21 and 22 to close, connecting cell 2 to the discharge channel to supply power to the functional load, updating the status of cell 1 to discharged and the status of cell 2 to discharging. Step 33: The MCU then controls switches 1 and 2 to close, and switches 13 and 14 to close, using the electrical energy generated by the flexible power generation section to charge cell 1, updating the status of cell 1 to "charging". Simultaneously, the MCU acquires the charging channel voltage in real time; when the charging channel voltage is greater than or equal to V... 充满 The MCU controls switches 1 and 2 to open, switches 13 and 14 to open, and updates the status of cell 1 to fully charged; Step 34: The discharge channel switching logic is as follows: if cell n is discharging, when the discharge channel voltage is less than V...放空 The MCU searches for cells in the order of 1 to N that are either fully charged or ready to discharge. If a cell m (where m = 1, 2, ..., N) meets the above conditions, the MCU controls switches n1 and n2 to disconnect cell n from the discharge channel, and controls switches m1 and m2 to close, connecting cell m to the discharge channel to supply power to the functional load. The state of cell n is updated to discharged, and the state of cell m is updated to discharging. If no cell m meets the above conditions, the MCU controls switches n1 and n2 to disconnect cell n from the discharge channel, and updates the state of cell n to discharged. Since no cell can supply power to the functional load, the MCU waits for a fully charged cell to open the corresponding channel to supply power to the functional load. Step 35: The charging channel switching logic is as follows: if cell n is charging, when the charging channel voltage is greater than or equal to V... 充满 The system searches for cells in the vented state in the order of cells 1 to N. If a cell m that meets the above conditions exists, the MCU controls switches n3 and n4 to open, disconnecting cell n from the charging channel. It then controls switches 1 and 2, and switches n3 and n4 to close, connecting cell m to the charging channel for charging. The status of cell n is updated to fully charged, and the status of cell m is updated to charging. If no cell m that meets the above conditions exists, the MCU controls switches n1 and n2 to open, disconnecting cell n from the charging channel. It then controls switches 1 and 2 to open, disconnecting the power generated by the flexible power generation section from the charging channel. The status of cell n is updated to fully charged.

[0015] In summary, the wearable device and energy management method based on flexible self-powered devices proposed in this invention fully collects and utilizes the electrical energy generated by the flexible nanogenerator, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency, avoiding energy waste, and enhancing the battery life of the wearable device. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of a wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device proposed in this invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply logic for a wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example 1 like Figure 1-3 As shown, wearable equipment based on flexible self-powered devices includes: a flexible power generation section, a flexible energy storage section, and a functional load section, wherein: The flexible power generation component includes a nanogenerator component and a conditioning circuit. The nanogenerators are distributed in one or more parts of the clothing, and each part has the same type of nanogenerator that outputs one power signal. The conditioning circuit uses a flexible PCB board, sewn onto the clothing, and its function is to condition the high-voltage, low-current AC power generated by one or more nanogenerators into a 5V constant voltage DC power output.

[0019] The flexible energy storage component is integrated with clothing through sewing and includes a flexible lithium battery pack and an energy management circuit. The flexible lithium battery pack is composed of multiple flexible lithium battery cells laid flat and connected in parallel. The energy management circuit uses a flexible PCB board and includes switch 1, switch 2, N sets of switching switches, MCU, voltage divider circuit, power supply switching circuit, and voltage regulator circuit. The functional load section includes a power-saving circuit and a functional circuit. The circuit uses a flexible PCB board and is sewn into the clothing. The power-saving circuit ensures the stable operation of the subsequent functional circuit when the power source is switched. The functional circuit includes a power module, an alarm module, a signal processing module, a pulse wave sensor, a blood oxygen sensor, and a body temperature sensor.

[0020] Specifically, the nanogenerator consists of three types of nanogenerators: triboelectric nanogenerators, piezoelectric nanogenerators, and photoelectric nanogenerators. Each type of nanogenerator is made using flexible or woven materials and can be integrated with clothing by weaving or sewing.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the flexible energy storage section includes a flexible lithium battery pack comprising cell 1, cell 2, ..., cell N; the energy management circuit of the flexible energy storage section includes switch 1, switch 2, and N sets of switching switches, each set including switch n1, switch n2, switch n3, and switch n4, where n = 1, 2, ..., N; the positive terminal of the electrical energy generated by the flexible power generation section is connected to the positive terminal of the charging channel through switch 1, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the charging channel through switch 2; the positive terminal of cell N is connected to the positive terminal of the charging channel through switch n3, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the charging channel through switch n4; the positive terminal of cell N is connected to the positive terminal of the discharging channel through switch n1, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the discharging channel through switch n2; the charging channel and the discharging channel are directly connected to a voltage divider circuit; the MUC calculates the voltage of the charging channel and the discharging channel through an ADC. The negative terminals of the charging channel and the discharging channel are connected by a ferrite bead.

[0022] Specifically, the power supply switching circuit selects the power source for the energy management circuit; the voltage regulator circuit ensures a stable power supply to the MCU, voltage divider circuit, switch 1 and switch 2, and N sets of switching switches. When the system is powered on, switches 1 and 2, and N sets of switching switches are all in the open state, and the flexible lithium battery pack has no voltage output. Therefore, the input of the power supply switching circuit is the flexible power generation part. After the system initialization is completed, the flexible lithium battery pack supplies power to the functional load part. The power supply switching circuit selects the source with the higher voltage to output to the voltage regulator circuit according to the output voltage of the flexible power generation part and the output voltage of the flexible lithium battery pack. The electricity generated by the flexible power generation unit is used partly to charge the flexible lithium battery pack through the opening / closing of switches 1 and 2 and N sets of switching switches, and partly as the input of the voltage regulator circuit through the selection and switching of the power supply switching circuit. The electricity generated by the flexible lithium battery pack is used partly to power the functional load through the opening / closing of N sets of switching switches, and partly as the input of the voltage regulator circuit through the selection and switching of the power supply switching circuit.

[0023] Specifically, toggle switches are classified into two types according to their functions: The first method involves opening / closing switches 1 and 2, which allows the electrical energy generated by the flexible power generation unit to be connected to the charging channel. The second method involves opening / closing switches n1 and n2 (n=1, 2, ... N), and opening / closing switches n3 and n4 (n=1, 2, ... N) to control the opening / closing of the charging / discharging path for each battery cell. Specifically, the voltage divider circuit is used to divide the voltage of the charging and discharging channel to a voltage range that the MCU can acquire.

[0024] Specifically, the MUC obtains the charging and discharging channel voltage value through a voltage divider circuit, and controls the opening or closing of the charging and discharging path of each cell by combining the open / closed states of switches n1, n2, n3, n4 (n=1, 2, ... N).

[0025] Example 2 This application provides an energy management method for wearable devices based on flexible self-powered devices, the method comprising: Step 1: Before powering on, all cells of the flexible battery pack in the flexible energy storage section of the wearable device based on the flexible self-powered device are fully charged, and all switches are in the off state before powering on. Step 2: Power-on initialization. After the system is powered on, the MCU controls the switches n3 and n4 (n=1, 2, ... N) to open and close sequentially, ensuring that only one cell is connected to the charging channel at a time. The MCU obtains the voltage of each cell and calibrates the status of each cell based on the voltage value. Each cell has five statuses: charging, discharging, empty, fully charged, and ready to discharge. Step 3: The MCU controls the closing and opening of each switch according to the status of each cell and the voltage of the charging and discharging channel, so as to realize the parallel charging and discharging function of the system.

[0026] Step 4: If all the battery cells have been depleted, and the power generated by the flexible power generation part is very weak due to the environment in which the wearable device is located, it will not be able to support the normal operation of the energy management circuit. In this case, the entire system will be in a power-off state. When the environment is restored, the power generated by the flexible power generation part will be able to support the operation of the energy management circuit. Repeat steps 2 and 3.

[0027] Specifically, step 2 includes: Step 21: After the system is powered on, the MCU controls switch 13 and switch 14 to close, connecting the positive and negative terminals of battery cell 1 to the charging channel; Step 22: The MCU obtains the voltage of cell 1 and the set full charge voltage threshold V through a voltage divider circuit and ADC acquisition and calculation. 充满 and discharge voltage threshold V 放空 Comparison: If the voltage of cell 1 is greater than or equal to the full charge voltage threshold V... 充满 If the voltage of cell 1 is less than the full charge voltage threshold V, then cell 1 is marked as fully charged; 充满 And greater than or equal to the discharge voltage threshold V 放空 If the voltage of cell 1 is less than the discharge voltage threshold V, then cell 1 is marked as dischargeable. 放空 Cell 1 is then calibrated as discharged; proceed to the next step. Step 23: MCU control 13 and switch 14 are disconnected, control 23 and switch 24 are closed, connecting the positive and negative terminals of battery cell 2 to the charging channel; Repeat step 22; Step 24: The MCU controls (N-1)3 and switch (N-1)4 to open, and controls N3 and switch n4 to close. The MCU obtains the cell N voltage and the set full charge voltage threshold V through the voltage divider circuit and ADC acquisition and calculation. 充满 and discharge voltage threshold V 放空 Comparison: If the voltage of cell N is greater than or equal to the full charge voltage threshold V... 充满 If the voltage of cell N is less than the full charge voltage threshold V, then cell N is marked as fully charged. 充满 And greater than or equal to the discharge voltage threshold V 放空 If the voltage of cell N is less than the discharge voltage threshold V, then cell N is marked as dischargeable. 放空 The cell N state is then set to discharged; the MCU controls N3 and switch n4 to disconnect, and the system initialization is complete. Step 25: After the system initialization is successful, the status of all battery cells is determined.

[0028] Specifically, step 3 includes: Step 31: The MCU first controls switches 11 and 12 to close, connecting the positive and negative terminals of cell 1 to the discharge channel. The MCU collects the discharge channel voltage in real time and updates the status of cell 1 to discharge. Step 32: When the discharge channel voltage is less than the discharge voltage threshold V 放空 The MCU controls switches 11 and 12 to open and switches 21 and 22 to close, connecting cell 2 to the discharge channel to supply power to the functional load, updating the status of cell 1 to discharged and the status of cell 2 to discharging. Step 33: The MCU then controls switches 1 and 2 to close, and switches 13 and 14 to close, using the electrical energy generated by the flexible power generation section to charge cell 1, updating the status of cell 1 to "charging". Simultaneously, the MCU acquires the charging channel voltage in real time; when the charging channel voltage is greater than or equal to V... 充满 The MCU controls switches 1 and 2 to open, switches 13 and 14 to open, and updates the status of cell 1 to fully charged; Step 34: The discharge channel switching logic is as follows: if cell n is discharging, when the discharge channel voltage is less than V... 放空 The MCU searches for cells in the order of 1 to N that are either fully charged or ready to discharge. If a cell m (where m = 1, 2, ..., N) meets the above conditions, the MCU controls switches n1 and n2 to disconnect cell n from the discharge channel, and controls switches m1 and m2 to close, connecting cell m to the discharge channel to supply power to the functional load. The state of cell n is updated to discharged, and the state of cell m is updated to discharging. If no cell m meets the above conditions, the MCU controls switches n1 and n2 to disconnect cell n from the discharge channel, and updates the state of cell n to discharged. Since no cell can supply power to the functional load, the MCU waits for a fully charged cell to open the corresponding channel to supply power to the functional load. Step 35: The charging channel switching logic is as follows: if cell n is charging, when the charging channel voltage is greater than or equal to V... 充满 The system searches for cells in the vented state in the order of cells 1 to N. If a cell m that meets the above conditions exists, the MCU controls switches n3 and n4 to open, disconnecting cell n from the charging channel. It then controls switches 1 and 2, and switches n3 and n4 to close, connecting cell m to the charging channel for charging. The status of cell n is updated to fully charged, and the status of cell m is updated to charging. If no cell m that meets the above conditions exists, the MCU controls switches n1 and n2 to open, disconnecting cell n from the charging channel. It then controls switches 1 and 2 to open, disconnecting the power generated by the flexible power generation section from the charging channel. The status of cell n is updated to fully charged.

[0029] In summary, the wearable device and energy management method based on flexible self-powered devices proposed in this invention fully collects and utilizes the electrical energy generated by the flexible nanogenerator, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency, avoiding energy waste, and enhancing the battery life of the wearable device.

Claims

1. A wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device, characterized in that, It includes a flexible power generation component, a flexible energy storage component, and a functional load component, among which: The flexible power generation component includes a nanogenerator component and a conditioning circuit. The nanogenerators are distributed in one or more parts of the clothing, and each part has the same type of nanogenerator that outputs one power signal. The conditioning circuit uses a flexible PCB board, sewn onto the clothing, and its function is to condition the high-voltage, low-current AC power generated by one or more nanogenerators into a 5V constant voltage DC power output. The flexible energy storage component is integrated with clothing through sewing and includes a flexible lithium battery pack and an energy management circuit. The flexible lithium battery pack is composed of multiple flexible lithium battery cells laid flat and connected in parallel. The energy management circuit uses a flexible PCB board and includes switch 1, switch 2, N sets of switching switches, MCU, voltage divider circuit, power supply switching circuit, and voltage regulator circuit. The functional load section includes a power-saving circuit and a functional circuit. The circuit uses a flexible PCB board and is sewn into the clothing. The power-saving circuit ensures the stable operation of the subsequent functional circuit when the power source is switched. The functional circuit includes a power module, an alarm module, a signal processing module, a pulse wave sensor, a blood oxygen sensor, and a body temperature sensor.

2. The wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nanogenerator consists of three types of nanogenerators: triboelectric nanogenerators, piezoelectric nanogenerators, and photoelectric nanogenerators. Each type of nanogenerator is made using flexible or woven materials and can be combined with clothing by weaving or sewing.

3. The wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible lithium battery pack includes cell 1, cell 2, ..., cell N; each set of switches in the energy management circuit includes switch n1, switch n2, switch n3, and switch n4, where n = 1, 2, ..., N; The positive terminal of the electrical energy generated by the flexible power generation section is connected to the positive terminal of the charging channel via switch 1, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the charging channel via switch 2. The positive terminal of cell N is connected to the positive terminal of the charging channel via switch n3, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the charging channel via switch n4. The positive terminal of cell N is connected to the positive terminal of the discharging channel via switch n1, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the discharging channel via switch n2. The charging channel and the discharging channel are directly connected to the voltage divider circuit. The MUC calculates the voltage of the charging channel and the discharging channel of the voltage divider circuit respectively via ADC. The negative terminals of the charging channel and the discharging channel are connected by a ferrite bead in the circuit.

4. The wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply switching circuit selects the power source for the energy management circuit; the voltage regulator circuit ensures stable power supply to the MCU, voltage divider circuit, switches 1 and 2, and N sets of switching switches; when the system is powered on, switches 1 and 2, and N sets of switching switches are all in the open state, and the flexible lithium battery pack has no voltage output, so the input of the power supply switching circuit is the flexible power generation part; after the system initialization is completed, the flexible lithium battery pack supplies power to the functional load part, and the power supply switching circuit selects the source with the higher voltage to output to the voltage regulator circuit based on the output voltage of the flexible power generation part and the output voltage of the flexible lithium battery pack; The electricity generated by the flexible power generation section is used partly to charge the flexible lithium battery pack through the opening / closing of switches 1 and 2 and N sets of switching switches, and partly to serve as the input of the voltage regulator circuit through the selection and switching of the power supply switching circuit. A portion of the power from the flexible lithium battery pack is used to power the functional load through the opening and closing of N sets of switching switches, while another portion is used as the input to the voltage regulator circuit through the selection and switching of the power supply switching circuit.

5. The wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Switches can be categorized into two types based on their function: The first method involves opening / closing switches 1 and 2, which allows the electrical energy generated by the flexible power generation unit to be connected to the charging channel. The second method involves opening / closing switches n1 and n2 (n=1, 2, ... N), and opening / closing switches n3 and n4 (n=1, 2, ... N) to control the opening / closing of the charging / discharging path for each battery cell.

6. The wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MUC obtains the charging and discharging channel voltage value through a voltage divider circuit, and controls the opening or closing of the charging and discharging path of each cell by combining the open / closed states of switches n1, n2, n3, n4 (n=1, 2, ... N).

7. The wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage divider circuit is used to divide the voltage of the charging and discharging channel to a voltage range that the MCU can acquire.

8. An energy management method for wearable devices based on flexible self-powered devices, characterized in that, The method is applied to the wearable device based on a flexible self-powered device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method includes: Step 1: Before powering on, all cells of the flexible battery pack in the flexible energy storage section of the wearable device based on the flexible self-powered device are fully charged, and all switches are in the off state before powering on. Step 2: Power-on initialization. After the system is powered on, the MCU controls the switches n3 and n4 (n=1, 2, ... N) to open and close sequentially, ensuring that only one cell is connected to the charging channel at a time. The MCU obtains the voltage of each cell and calibrates the status of each cell based on the voltage value. Each cell has five statuses: charging, discharging, empty, fully charged, and ready to discharge. Step 3: The MCU controls the closing and opening of each switch according to the status of each cell and the voltage of the charging and discharging channel, thereby realizing the parallel charging and discharging function of the system; Step 4: If all the battery cells have been depleted, and the power generated by the flexible power generation part is very weak due to the environment in which the wearable device is located, it will not be able to support the normal operation of the energy management circuit. In this case, the entire system will be in a power-off state. When the environment is restored, the power generated by the flexible power generation part will be able to support the operation of the energy management circuit. Repeat steps 2 and 3.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step 2 includes: Step 21: After the system is powered on, the MCU controls switch 13 and switch 14 to close, connecting the positive and negative terminals of battery cell 1 to the charging channel; Step 22: The MCU obtains the voltage of cell 1 and the set full charge voltage threshold V through a voltage divider circuit and ADC acquisition and calculation. 充满 and discharge voltage threshold V 放空 Comparison: If the voltage of cell 1 is greater than or equal to the full charge voltage threshold V... 充满 If the voltage of cell 1 is less than the full charge voltage threshold V, then cell 1 is marked as fully charged; 充满 And greater than or equal to the discharge voltage threshold V 放空 If the voltage of cell 1 is less than the discharge voltage threshold V, then cell 1 is marked as dischargeable. 放空 Cell 1 is then calibrated as discharged; proceed to the next step. Step 23: MCU control 13 and switch 14 are disconnected, control 23 and switch 24 are closed, connecting the positive and negative terminals of battery cell 2 to the charging channel; Repeat step 22; Step 24: The MCU controls (N-1)3 and switch (N-1)4 to open, and controls N3 and switch n4 to close. The MCU obtains the cell N voltage and the set full charge voltage threshold V through the voltage divider circuit and ADC acquisition and calculation. 充满 and discharge voltage threshold V 放空 Comparison: If the voltage of cell N is greater than or equal to the full charge voltage threshold V... 充满 If the voltage of cell N is less than the full charge voltage threshold V, then cell N is marked as fully charged. 充满 And greater than or equal to the discharge voltage threshold V 放空 If the voltage of cell N is less than the discharge voltage threshold V, then cell N is marked as dischargeable. 放空 The cell N state is then set to discharged; the MCU controls N3 and switch n4 to disconnect, and the system initialization is complete. Step 25: After the system initialization is successful, the status of all battery cells is determined.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step 3 includes: Step 31: The MCU first controls switches 11 and 12 to close, connecting the positive and negative terminals of cell 1 to the discharge channel. The MCU collects the discharge channel voltage in real time and updates the status of cell 1 to discharge. Step 32: When the discharge channel voltage is less than the discharge voltage threshold V 放空 The MCU controls switches 11 and 12 to open and switches 21 and 22 to close, connecting cell 2 to the discharge channel to supply power to the functional load, updating the status of cell 1 to discharged and the status of cell 2 to discharging. Step 33: The MCU then controls switches 1 and 2 to close, and switches 13 and 14 to close, using the electrical energy generated by the flexible power generation section to charge cell 1, updating the status of cell 1 to "charging". Simultaneously, the MCU acquires the charging channel voltage in real time; when the charging channel voltage is greater than or equal to V... 充满 The MCU controls switches 1 and 2 to open, switches 13 and 14 to open, and updates the status of cell 1 to fully charged; Step 34: The discharge channel switching logic is as follows: if cell n is discharging, when the discharge channel voltage is less than V... 放空 The MCU searches for cells in the order of 1 to N that are either fully charged or ready to discharge. If a cell m (where m = 1, 2, ..., N) meets the above conditions, the MCU controls switches n1 and n2 to disconnect cell n from the discharge channel, and controls switches m1 and m2 to close, connecting cell m to the discharge channel to supply power to the functional load. The state of cell n is updated to discharged, and the state of cell m is updated to discharging. If no cell m meets the above conditions, the MCU controls switches n1 and n2 to disconnect cell n from the discharge channel, and updates the state of cell n to discharged. Since no cell can supply power to the functional load, the MCU waits for a fully charged cell to open the corresponding channel to supply power to the functional load. Step 35: The charging channel switching logic is as follows: if cell n is charging, when the charging channel voltage is greater than or equal to V... 充满 The system searches for cells in the vented state in the order of cells 1 to N. If a cell m that meets the above conditions exists, the MCU controls switches n3 and n4 to open, disconnecting cell n from the charging channel. It then controls switches 1 and 2, and switches n3 and n4 to close, connecting cell m to the charging channel for charging. The status of cell n is updated to fully charged, and the status of cell m is updated to charging. If no cell m that meets the above conditions exists, the MCU controls switches n1 and n2 to open, disconnecting cell n from the charging channel. It then controls switches 1 and 2 to open, disconnecting the power generated by the flexible power generation section from the charging channel. The status of cell n is updated to fully charged.

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