Dual-energy coupled nano-friction power generation device and power generation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device and method, comprising a superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit, an adaptive triboelectric power generation unit, and an energy storage unit. The adaptive triboelectric power generation unit includes a central rotating shaft, a drive unit, and a triboelectric power generation component. The power output terminals of the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit and the triboelectric power generation component are electrically connected to the input terminal of the energy storage unit. The upper superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit captures the kinetic energy of raindrops, continuously generating negative charges through friction to form a first portion of electrical energy. This first portion of electrical energy, generated by friction with the lower adaptive triboelectric power generation unit, is stored in the energy storage unit, inverted, and then used to power electrical equipment. This invention achieves the synergistic capture and conversion of two clean energy sources through a dual-energy coupled collection mode, solving the problem of adaptability to harsh environments and improving the ability to provide continuous power supply around the clock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power generation technology, specifically relating to a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device and power generation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of fossil fuels, energy shortages and environmental pollution have intensified, making the search for new renewable energy sources urgent. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), based on contact electrification and electrostatic induction coupling effects, have attracted considerable attention. TENGs are nanostructured devices that can convert various forms of mechanical energy into electrical energy. They can collect various forms of mechanical energy, including human motion energy, water wave energy, and wind energy, converting often-overlooked minute amounts of mechanical energy into electrical energy. TENGs are widely used due to their low cost and simple structure. However, current TENG technologies struggle to achieve effective electrical output under harsh environmental conditions, and their energy utilization efficiency remains difficult to improve. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device and method. This invention achieves the synergistic capture and conversion of two clean energy sources through a dual-energy coupled collection mode, solving the problem of adaptability to harsh environments, reducing the overall cost of power generation, and improving the ability to provide continuous power supply around the clock. To achieve the above objectives, this invention employs the following technical effects: According to one aspect of the present invention, a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device is provided, the nano-triboelectric power generation device comprising a superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit, an adaptive triboelectric power generation unit, and an energy storage unit; the adaptive triboelectric power generation unit comprises a central rotating shaft, a drive unit, and a triboelectric power generation component, the top end of which is drivenly connected to the drive output end of the drive unit, the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit being relatively stationary and fixed at the top end of the central rotating shaft, the lower end of the central rotating shaft being drivenly connected to the triboelectric power generation component, and the power output ends of the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit and the triboelectric power generation component being electrically connected to the input end of the energy storage unit, respectively.

[0004] In a further preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the triboelectric power generation assembly includes a cylindrical shell with triboelectric conductive electrodes, a triboelectric stator, and a triboelectric rotor arranged concentrically within the cylindrical shell. The triboelectric conductive electrodes are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the cylindrical shell. The triboelectric stator, which is in the shape of a ring, is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the circumference formed by the triboelectric conductive electrodes. The triboelectric rotor is arranged in the internal space of the triboelectric stator. The center of the triboelectric stator is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall near the lower end of the central rotating shaft. The drive unit consists of multiple wind cups connected to the central rotating shaft.

[0005] In a further preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the triboelectric power generation assembly further includes a sealed support base, which is sealed and covered at the top of the cylindrical shell. The sealed support base is used to seal the triboelectric conductive electrode, the triboelectric stator, and the triboelectric rotor disposed inside the cylindrical shell. The central rotating shaft is vertically disposed at the center of the sealed support base through a support bearing. The gap between the triboelectric stator and the triboelectric rotor is between 1mm and 2mm.

[0006] In a further preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the triboelectric conductive electrode is composed of two symmetrical interdigitated electrodes, the triboelectric stator is a triboelectric stator made of polyimide material or a triboelectric stator made of nylon braid, and the triboelectric rotor is a triboelectric rotor made of PTFE film or a triboelectric rotor made of fluororubber.

[0007] In a further preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit includes a lower conductive electrode and a superhydrophobic film distributed along the outer wall of the upper top of the lower conductive electrode. An upper deep groove bearing is provided at the top of the central rotating shaft, and the lower conductive electrode is connected to the outer ring of the upper deep groove bearing through a support column.

[0008] In a further preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the lower conductive electrode is an umbrella-shaped metal electrode sheet, and the superhydrophobic film is a PTFE film, which is formed by attaching the PTFE film to the surface of the metal electrode sheet and then modifying it through hot pressing and ICP etching.

[0009] In a further preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the thickness of the metal electrode sheet is 0.01-0.1 mm, the thickness of the PTFE film is 0.05 mm-0.3 mm, and the metal electrode sheet is a copper foil electrode sheet or an aluminum foil electrode sheet.

[0010] In a further preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the thickness of the metal electrode sheet is 0.02-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the PTFE film is 0.05 mm-0.1 mm.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for generating electricity using a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device, the method comprising the following steps: The upper superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1 captures the kinetic energy of raindrops, causing the raindrops to continuously rub against the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit and continuously accumulate negative charges. The continuous accumulation of negative charges forms the first part of electrical energy, and the second part of electrical energy generated by friction with the adaptive triboelectric power generation unit is stored in the energy storage unit, inverted, and then provided to the electrical equipment through the AC output interface.

[0012] In a further preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the continuous accumulation of negative charges to form the first part of electrical energy specifically includes the following steps: raindrops impact the upper superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1, and the superhydrophobic PTFE film of the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1 continuously captures the kinetic energy of the raindrops, causing the raindrop surface and the upper surface of the PTFE film to continuously generate electricity through friction due to the difference in electron affinity, and continuously accumulating negative charges on the PTFE film; The metal electrode sheet attached to the PTFE film continuously generates electrostatic induction, causing the internal charge of the metal electrode sheet to polarize. When raindrops impact the surface of the PTFE film and bounce off its surface, the induction effect of the metal electrode sheet disappears. The charge is polarized on the lower surface of the metal electrode sheet to form an alternating induced current and is guided to the energy storage unit 3 to form the first part of electrical energy. The second part of the electrical energy generated by the adaptive triboelectric power generation unit 2 through friction specifically includes the following steps: The drive unit 21 receives the kinetic energy driven by the external drive, causing the drive unit 21 to drive the central rotating shaft 20 to rotate. During the rotation of the central rotating shaft 20, the friction rotor 223 of the triboelectric power generation component 22 rotates synchronously within the cylindrical shell 220. During the rotation of the friction rotor 223, it is unfolded under the centrifugal force, causing the friction rotor 223 and the friction stator 222 to come into contact and rub against each other or to induce each other to generate static electricity. Charges continuously accumulate on the surface of the friction stator 222. Due to the high electronegativity and electron affinity of the friction rotor 223 compared to the friction stator 222, electrons on the friction rotor 223 will spontaneously transfer from nylon to PTFE. During the rotation of the friction rotor 223, the driving electrons accumulate between the two interdigitated electrodes that are symmetrical above and below and form a reciprocating flow, forming a periodically output voltage / current. The periodically output voltage / current is diverted to the energy storage unit 3 to form the second part of the electrical energy. The first part of electrical energy is connected in series with the second part of electrical energy to form a whole. After being converted by an inverter and output through an AC output interface, the required alternating voltage is output to power the electrical equipment.

[0013] In summary, the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and the present invention has the following technical effects: (1) This invention uses superhydrophobic protection and adaptive friction to couple power generation, which can ensure the limitations of single energy collection, solve the problem of adaptability to harsh environments, reduce the overall cost of power generation, and ultimately achieve the invention purpose of providing long-term stable power supply for outdoor equipment. It is applicable to various power generation scenarios such as agricultural sensor power supply, outdoor self-powered equipment, environmental monitoring, and smart home.

[0014] (2) The present invention achieves the synergistic capture and conversion of two clean energy sources through the dual energy coupling collection mode of "upper layer raindrop power generation - lower layer wind power generation", so that the device can stably collect energy in different weather scenarios such as no wind and rain, wind and no rain, and wind and rain, thereby improving the all-weather continuous power supply capability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation and energy storage control of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the triboelectric power generation component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction rotor of the present invention; In the attached figure, there is a superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1, an adaptive triboelectric power generation unit 2, an energy storage unit 3, a central rotating shaft 20, a drive unit 21, a triboelectric power generation component 22, a lower conductive electrode 100, an upper deep groove bearing 100a, a superhydrophobic film 101, an upper deep groove bearing 100a, a support arm 100b, and a lower deep groove bearing 100c. Cylindrical shell 220, triboelectric electrode 221, triboelectric stator 222, triboelectric rotor 223, arc-shaped triboelectric blade 223a, radial connecting arm 223b, fixed connecting column 223c, sealing support seat 224, and support bearing 225. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are merely to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device, combining Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The nano-triboelectric power generation device includes a superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1, an adaptive triboelectric power generation unit 2, and an energy storage unit 3. The adaptive triboelectric power generation unit includes a central rotating shaft 20, a drive unit 21, and a triboelectric power generation component 22. The energy storage unit 3 integrates a BMS (Battery Management System), a supercapacitor or energy storage battery pack, a full-wave rectifier bridge, and interfaces. The full-wave rectifier bridge is used to rectify the electrical energy output from the power generation unit. The BMS system has rectification, voltage regulation, current limiting, and charge / discharge protection functions. It can regulate unstable generated electrical energy into stable DC power and store it in the supercapacitor, while simultaneously monitoring the energy storage unit's status in real time to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, and other abnormalities, ensuring the stability of the power supply voltage. The interface is used to connect to external electrical equipment, providing it with a stable power supply. The top end of the central rotating shaft 20 is connected to the drive output end of the drive unit. The superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit is relatively stationary and fixed at the top end of the central rotating shaft. The lower end of the central rotating shaft is connected to the triboelectric power generation component. The power output ends of the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit and the triboelectric power generation component are electrically connected to the input end of the energy storage unit 3, respectively. In this invention, the electrical energy generated by the triboelectric power generation unit 2 and the electrical energy generated by the energy storage unit 3 are led out in an orderly manner to provide a transmission channel for subsequent energy rectification, voltage stabilization, and storage, ensuring the reliability of power transmission. The two sets of power generation components are coupled and charged for energy storage through corresponding full-wave rectifier bridges, supercapacitors, and / or battery packs, and the energy is stored through a BMS system (Battery Monitoring and Management System). The Monitoring and Management System monitors parameters such as voltage, temperature, and current during the charging of supercapacitors and / or battery packs in real time, dynamically manages the status of supercapacitors and / or battery packs, and prevents overcharging and over-discharging. The electrical energy stored in the supercapacitors and / or battery packs is converted by a DC / AC inverter, and then converted by a transformer through an AC output interface to obtain the required voltage to power electrical equipment.

[0018] In this invention, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5As shown, the triboelectric power generation assembly 22 includes a cylindrical shell 220 with triboelectric conductive electrodes 221, a triboelectric stator 222, a triboelectric rotor 223, and a sealed support 224 arranged concentrically within the cylindrical shell 220. The triboelectric conductive electrodes 221 are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 220. The triboelectric stator 222, which is annular in shape, is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the circumference formed by the triboelectric conductive electrodes. The triboelectric rotor 223 is arranged in the internal space of the triboelectric stator 222. The triboelectric conductive electrodes 221 are composed of two symmetrical interdigitated electrodes. The triboelectric stator 222 is a triboelectric stator made of polyimide material or a triboelectric stator made of nylon braid. The triboelectric rotor 223 is a rotor made of PTFE film or a rotor made of fluororubber. The triboelectric rotor 223 is composed of multiple arc-shaped friction blades 223a that are connected to the outer wall of the central rotating shaft 20. Figure 5As shown, multiple radial connecting arms 223b are vertically arranged on the outer wall of the central rotating shaft 20. A fixed connecting column 223c is vertically arranged on each radial connecting arm. The fixed connecting column 223c is a metal connecting column, and an arc-shaped friction blade 223a is fixedly arranged on the fixed connecting column 223c. The arc-shaped friction blade 223a is a rotor made of PTFE film or an arc-shaped blade rotor made of fluororubber. The surface of the fixed connecting column 223c is coated with PTFE film or fluororubber, which not only provides insulation but also generates static electricity through friction with the stator. The center of the friction stator 223 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall near the lower end of the central rotating shaft 20. The drive unit 21 consists of multiple wind cups connected to the central rotating shaft 20. After receiving wind power, the wind cups drive the central rotating shaft 20 to rotate, thereby providing power to the adaptive triboelectric generator 22, ensuring that wind energy can be effectively transferred to the triboelectric generator 22 structure, realizing the conversion of wind energy into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy; the dense A sealing support 224 is provided at the top of the cylindrical shell 220. The sealing support 224 seals the triboelectric electrode 221, triboelectric stator 222, and triboelectric rotor 223 disposed within the cylindrical shell 220. A central rotating shaft 20 is vertically positioned at the center of the sealing support 224 via a support bearing 225. A wind cup is fixedly mounted on the central rotating shaft 20 (located above the sealing support 224 and below the superhydrophobic raindrop generator unit 1). The wind cup is connected to the triboelectric rotor 223 (PTFE) via the central rotating shaft 20. The rotor and stator are connected by a thin-film rotor drive, forming a dual structure to transmit wind power to the rotor. The center of the sealed support 224 and the bottom of the cylindrical shell 220 are connected to the central shaft 20 through bearings. The sealed support 224 and the cylindrical shell 220 form an integrated encapsulation frame design, which can effectively isolate the corrosion of moisture and salt spray, solve the problem of equipment performance degradation in high humidity, rain and salt spray environments, and ensure the stable operation of the device in harsh environments. The sealed support 224 and the cylindrical shell 220 provide stable support for the entire device, ensure the relative position of each functional module is fixed, and ensure the structural stability of the device during operation. The gap between the friction stator 222 and the friction rotor 223 is between 1mm and 2mm. Using the "rotor-stator" dual structure, the wind-driven triboelectric power generation component is used. The PTFE film of the rotor serves as both an "adaptive actuator" and a friction layer. The stator is made of nylon material, forming a nylon-PTFE optimized friction pair. Compared with traditional friction material combinations, the friction resistance is lower and the power output efficiency is higher. This triboelectric power generation module achieves adaptive switching between "non-contact" and "soft contact" through centrifugal force, reducing the starting wind speed while decreasing friction loss and extending the device's lifespan.

[0019] This invention utilizes a friction rotor made of fluororubber. Fluororubber molecules are rich in fluorine atoms, possessing strong electron affinity. In the triboelectric sequence, they tend to gain electrons, becoming highly efficient negatively charged materials. The selected fluororubber, as a friction rotor, maintains high charge density. Fluororubber is an excellent electrical insulator, effectively suppressing charge leakage and preventing charge dissipation due to internal conductivity, thereby maintaining high surface charge density and improving energy conversion efficiency. The combination of fluororubber and polyimide exhibits low frictional resistance and high charge separation efficiency, achieving superior energy conversion performance compared to the original nylon-PTFE friction pair combination. PTFE... The PTFE membrane serves as the TENG rotor (rotating with the shaft), while the nylon fabric is attached to the stator interdigitated electrode surface to form the stator (fixed). The two are arranged circumferentially opposite each other with an initial gap of 1.5mm. At low wind speeds, they remain in non-contact. At high wind speeds, the PTFE membrane expands under centrifugal force and makes soft contact with the nylon, with the contact area increasing with wind speed. At low wind speeds (≤1m / s, with starting wind speeds as low as 0.5m / s), the centrifugal force is small, and the PTFE membrane only undergoes slight deformation. The TENG rotor is in non-contact mode, with no direct friction. Only the rotational movement of the PTFE membrane triggers electrostatic induction between the electrodes, generating a weak charge flow, thus achieving start-up power generation at ultra-low wind speeds. As wind speed increases (>1m / s): the centrifugal force increases, the PTFE film is stretched and unfolded, and comes into contact with the nylon fabric. The contact area gradually increases with the increase in wind speed, and TENG enters soft contact mode: PTFE and nylon generate electricity through friction due to the difference in electron affinity, and opposite charges accumulate on both sides; as the wind cup drives the PTFE film rotor to rotate, the PTFE film rotor and the electrode periodically approach and separate, driving electrons to flow back and forth between the two interdigitated electrodes, forming a periodic voltage / current output. The larger the contact area, the more charge is transferred, and the higher the output power.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1 includes a lower conductive electrode 100 and a superhydrophobic thin film 101 distributed along the outer wall of the upper top of the lower conductive electrode 100. An upper deep groove bearing 100a is provided at the top of the central rotating shaft 20. The lower end of the central rotating shaft 20 is connected to the center of the bottom of the cylindrical shell 220 via a lower deep groove bearing 100c. The lower conductive electrode 100 is connected via a support arm 100b on the outer ring of the upper deep groove bearing 100a. To keep the lower conductive electrode 100 and the superhydrophobic thin film 101 at the top of the central rotating shaft 20 stationary, an upper deep groove bearing 100a is added at the top of the central rotating shaft 20. The bearing ring is interference-fitted with the shaft. The outer ring is rigidly connected to the center hole of the lower conductive electrode 100 and the superhydrophobic film 101 (PTFE-copper foil assembly) via the support arm 100b. This ensures that when the shaft rotates, only the inner ring of the bearing rotates, while the lower conductive electrode 100 and the superhydrophobic film 101 (PTFE-copper foil assembly) remain stationary via the outer ring of the bearing and the external support arm. The lower conductive electrode 100 (copper foil) acts as a stationary electrode, and its lead wire is directly connected to the rectifier bridge via a fixed wire, achieving slip-ring-free power extraction. The rotation of the shaft does not affect the wire, thus achieving stable and reliable power transmission. PTFE The thin film is attached and fixed to the surface of the lower conductive electrode 100. A lead-out electrode (not shown) is located at the center of the lower conductive electrode 100. One end of the lower conductive electrode 100 is fixedly connected to the lead-out electrode. The other end of the lead-out electrode transmits power to the energy storage unit through a wire passing through the internal channel of the central rotating shaft 20 (the shaft rotates while the wire remains stationary). The wire passes through the top of the central rotating shaft 20, extends from the internal channel to the bottom, and exits through the wire outlet hole at the bottom of the shaft, connecting sequentially to the rectifier bridge and the BMS system. Finally, it is directly connected to the positive and negative terminals of the supercapacitor through a low-resistance wire, completing the power transmission and storage. The lower conductive electrode 100 is an umbrella-shaped metal electrode sheet, and the superhydrophobic thin film 101 is a PTFE thin film. The thickness of the PTFE thin film is 0.05mm-0.3mm, and the thickness of the metal electrode sheet is 0.01-0.1mm. The metal electrode sheet is a copper foil electrode sheet or an aluminum foil electrode sheet. The superhydrophobic thin film 101, formed by attaching the PTFE thin film to the surface of the metal electrode sheet, undergoing hot pressing and ICP etching modification, is then subjected to ICP... The etch-modified PTFE film is a rigid / semi-rigid sheet with no flexibility or mobility. It is flat and has no folds or roll-up design. The specific process of ICP etching modification is as follows: the PTFE film is adhered to the surface of the lower conductive electrode 100 with photoresist and then subjected to a process of 0.6-0.After hot-pressing at 0.8 MPa and 70-85℃ for 5-15 minutes, a superhydrophobic layer of PTFE film is formed by etching modification in an ICP (inductively coupled plasma) etching environment. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is an extremely inert material with very low surface energy. Chemical modification of the PTFE film surface using ICP bombardment creates tiny pits, increasing surface roughness and improving its hydrophilicity, adhesion, and other surface properties, thereby increasing surface energy. The upper layer of the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit uses a PTFE film modified by ICP etching. The modification constructs a micro-nano rough structure to achieve superhydrophobic properties, enabling rapid separation of raindrops and water vapor, avoiding charge shielding problems caused by water accumulation. A copper foil sheet is placed below the PTFE film. By optimizing the electrode structure and gap design, charge separation and transfer efficiency are improved, ensuring efficient energy conversion upon raindrop impact.

[0021] In this invention, more preferably, the thickness of the metal electrode sheet is 0.02-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the PTFE film is 0.05 mm-0.1 mm. When raindrops impact the superhydrophobic PTFE film, the liquid-solid interface is energized by friction due to the difference in electron affinity, and negative charges accumulate on the PTFE surface. This generates electrostatic induction on the copper foil attached below, causing the internal charge of the copper foil to polarize. After the raindrop bounces away, the induction effect disappears, and the polarized charge of the copper foil is reset by an external closed circuit to form an alternating induced current. The current is guided to the energy storage unit 3 for storage, continuously converting the mechanical energy of the raindrops into electrical energy.

[0022] According to another aspect of the invention, in combination Figures 1 to 6This invention provides a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation method. The invention utilizes a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device to generate electricity, comprising the following steps: A superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1 on the upper layer of the nano-triboelectric power generation device captures the kinetic energy of raindrops, causing the raindrops to continuously rub against the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1, accumulating negative charges. This accumulation of negative charges forms a first portion of electrical energy, and / or a second portion of electrical energy generated by the adaptive triboelectric power generation unit 2 through friction is stored in an energy storage unit 3, inverted, and then supplied to electrical devices via an AC output interface. Specifically, the accumulation of negative charges to form the first portion of electrical energy includes the following steps: Raindrops impact the upper superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1, and the superhydrophobic PTFE film of the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1 continuously captures the kinetic energy of the raindrops, causing the raindrop surface and the upper surface of the PTFE film to continuously generate frictional charge due to differences in electron affinity, accumulating negative charges on the PTFE film; the metal electrode sheet attached to the PTFE film continuously generates electrostatic induction, polarizing the charge inside the metal electrode sheet, and the raindrop impacts the PTFE... The thin film surface bounces off its surface, the induction effect of the metal electrode sheet disappears, and the charge is polarized on the lower surface of the metal electrode sheet to form an alternating induced current and is guided to the energy storage unit 3 to form the first part of electrical energy. In this invention, when raindrops fall on the PTFE thin film surface of the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1, due to the superhydrophobic properties of the PTFE thin film, the raindrops roll down quickly and hit the film, causing charge separation between the film and the electrode below. Through the optimized electrode structure and gap, the charge is efficiently transferred to form electrical energy, which is then led out through the electrode and transmitted to the corresponding energy storage unit.

[0023] In this invention, the second portion of electrical energy generated by the adaptive triboelectric power generation unit 2 through friction specifically includes the following steps: the drive unit 21 receives kinetic energy from an external drive, causing the drive unit 21 to drive the central rotating shaft 20 to rotate. During the rotation of the central rotating shaft 20, the friction rotor 223 of the triboelectric power generation assembly 22 rotates synchronously within the cylindrical shell 220. During the rotation of the friction rotor 223, it is unfolded under centrifugal force, causing the friction rotor 223 to come into contact with the friction stator 222 through friction or mutual induction to generate static electricity, and continuously accumulating charge on the surface of the friction stator 222. Due to the higher electronegativity and electron affinity of the friction rotor 223 compared to the friction stator 222, electrons on the friction rotor 223 spontaneously transfer from nylon to PTFE. During rotation, the friction rotor 223 drives electrons to accumulate between two symmetrical interdigitated electrodes, forming a reciprocating flow and generating a periodic voltage / current output. This periodic voltage / current is then channeled to the energy storage unit 3 to form a second portion of electrical energy. When wind is present, the wind cup drives the central shaft 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the friction rotor 2231 of the adaptive triboelectric generator assembly 22 to rotate. Under centrifugal force, the PTFE film of the friction rotor 223 and the nylon material of the friction stator 222 achieve an adaptive switching between "non-contact" and "soft contact." The friction between them generates static electricity, which is then led out through electrodes and transmitted to the corresponding energy storage unit. The first and second portions of electrical energy are connected in series to form a single unit. This unit is then converted by an inverter and outputs the required alternating voltage via an AC output interface to power the electrical equipment. To manage this, the two energy components are rectified by the full-wave rectifier bridge of their respective energy storage units, which then rectifies the energy from the two generator units. The BMS system then regulates and current-limits the rectified energy, converting it into stable DC power for storage in a supercapacitor or battery. The BMS system monitors the supercapacitor's status in real time and provides stable power as needed when external equipment is connected via the interface. It also features charge / discharge protection and fault warning functions to ensure the stability and safety of the entire power supply process. In this invention, in windless and rainy scenarios: only the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit operates independently, processing and storing electrical energy for power supply, preventing equipment idleness; in windy but rainless scenarios: only the adaptive triboelectric power generation unit operates, using wind power to drive triboelectric power generation, ensuring continuous power supply; in scenarios with both wind and rain: both power generation units operate simultaneously, with dual energy sources working together to improve power sufficiency. In high humidity and salt spray scenarios: the sealed structure and moisture-proof insulation materials isolate external corrosion, and the PTFE membrane quickly removes moisture, avoiding charge shielding and ensuring stable device operation. This invention utilizes a dual-energy coupling collection mode of "upper-layer raindrop power generation - lower-layer wind power generation" to achieve the synergistic capture and conversion of two clean energy sources. This enables the device to stably collect energy under various weather conditions, including windless rain, windy but rainless conditions, and mixed wind and rain, thus enhancing its all-weather continuous power supply capability. Simultaneously, addressing the issues of poor adaptability, severe performance degradation, and friction layer wear in high-humidity and rainy environments: on one hand, the superhydrophobic structure of the PTFE film in the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit, modified by ICP etching, reduces the need for additional cleaning and maintenance in humid environments; on the other hand, a sealed-level protection design solves the problems of water accumulation, charge shielding, and component corrosion in humid and salt-spray environments. The adaptive triboelectric power generation unit's "non-contact-soft contact" adaptive mode avoids the long-term wear problems of traditional contact-type friction structures, extending the device's lifespan. The adaptive friction structure reduces the frequency of friction layer replacement, reducing long-term operation and maintenance costs. Addressing the issues of insufficient energy conversion efficiency and power supply stability: energy conversion efficiency is improved by optimizing the combination of friction pair materials, electrode structure, and gap parameters. The energy storage unit's BMS... The system works in conjunction with supercapacitors to achieve the orderly storage of unstable electrical energy and stable on-demand power supply, ensuring the stability of the power supply voltage.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device, characterized in that: The nano-triboelectric power generation device includes a superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit, an adaptive triboelectric power generation unit, and an energy storage unit. The adaptive triboelectric power generation unit includes a central rotating shaft, a drive unit, and a triboelectric power generation component. The top end of the central rotating shaft is connected to the drive output end of the drive unit. The superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit is relatively stationary and fixed at the top end of the central rotating shaft. The lower end of the central rotating shaft is connected to the triboelectric power generation component. The power output ends of the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit and the triboelectric power generation component are electrically connected to the input end of the energy storage unit, respectively.

2. The dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triboelectric power generation assembly includes a cylindrical shell with triboelectric conductive electrodes, a triboelectric stator, and a triboelectric rotor arranged concentrically inside the cylindrical shell. The triboelectric conductive electrodes are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the cylindrical shell. The triboelectric stator, which is in the shape of a ring, is closely attached to the inner wall surface of the circumference formed by the triboelectric conductive electrodes. The triboelectric rotor is arranged in the internal space of the triboelectric stator. The center of the triboelectric stator is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall near the lower end of the central rotating shaft. The drive unit consists of multiple wind cups connected to the central rotating shaft.

3. The dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triboelectric power generation assembly also includes a sealed support base, which is sealed and covered at the top of the cylindrical shell. The sealed support base is used to seal the triboelectric conductive electrode, the triboelectric stator, and the triboelectric rotor disposed inside the cylindrical shell. The central rotating shaft is vertically disposed at the center of the sealed support base through a support bearing. The gap between the triboelectric stator and the triboelectric rotor is between 1 mm and 2 mm.

4. A dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The triboelectric conductive electrode consists of two symmetrical interdigitated electrodes, the triboelectric stator is a triboelectric stator made of polyimide material or a triboelectric stator made of nylon braid, and the triboelectric rotor is a triboelectric rotor made of PTFE film or a triboelectric rotor made of fluororubber.

5. The dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit includes a lower conductive electrode and a superhydrophobic film distributed along the outer wall of the upper top of the lower conductive electrode. An upper deep groove bearing is provided at the top of the central rotating shaft, and the lower conductive electrode is connected to the outer ring of the upper deep groove bearing through a support arm.

6. The dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower conductive electrode is an umbrella-shaped metal electrode sheet, and the superhydrophobic film is a PTFE film, which is formed by attaching the PTFE film to the surface of the metal electrode sheet and then modifying it through hot pressing and ICP etching.

7. The dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal electrode sheet has a thickness of 0.01-0.1 mm, the PTFE film has a thickness of 0.05 mm-0.3 mm, and the metal electrode sheet is a copper foil electrode sheet or an aluminum foil electrode sheet.

8. The dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the metal electrode sheet is 0.02-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the PTFE film is 0.05 mm-0.1 mm.

9. A method for generating electricity based on a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The power generation method includes the following steps: The upper-layer superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit captures the kinetic energy of raindrops, causing the raindrops to continuously rub against the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit 1, thus accumulating negative charges. The continuous accumulation of negative charges forms the first part of electrical energy, which, along with the second part of electrical energy generated by the lower-layer adaptive triboelectric power generation unit through friction, is stored and inverted by the energy storage unit and then supplied to electrical equipment through the AC output interface.

10. The power generation method of a dual-energy coupled nano-triboelectric power generation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The process of continuously accumulating negative charges to form the first part of electrical energy includes the following steps: raindrops collide with the upper superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit, and the superhydrophobic PTFE film of the superhydrophobic raindrop power generation unit continuously captures the kinetic energy of the raindrops, causing the raindrop surface and the upper surface of the PTFE film to continuously generate electricity through friction due to the difference in electron affinity, and negative charges are continuously accumulated on the PTFE film. The metal electrode sheet attached to the PTFE film continuously generates electrostatic induction, causing the internal charge of the metal electrode sheet to polarize. When raindrops impact the surface of the PTFE film and bounce off its surface, the induction effect of the metal electrode sheet disappears. The charge is polarized on the lower surface of the metal electrode sheet to form an alternating induced current, which is then guided to the energy storage unit to form the first part of electrical energy. The second part of the electrical energy generated by the adaptive triboelectric power generation unit through friction specifically includes the following steps: The drive unit receives the kinetic energy driven by the external drive, causing the drive unit to drive the central rotating shaft to rotate. During the rotation of the central rotating shaft, the friction rotor of the triboelectric power generation component rotates synchronously inside the cylindrical shell. During the rotation of the friction rotor, it is unfolded under the centrifugal force, causing the friction rotor and the friction stator to come into contact and rub against each other or to induce each other to generate static electricity. Charges continuously accumulate on the surface of the friction stator. Due to the high electronegativity and electron affinity of the friction rotor compared to the electron affinity of the friction stator, electrons on the friction rotor will spontaneously transfer from nylon to PTFE. During the rotation of the friction rotor, the driving electrons accumulate between the two interdigitated electrodes that are symmetrical above and below and form a reciprocating flow, forming a periodically output voltage / current. The periodically output voltage / current is diverted to the energy storage unit to form the second part of the electrical energy. The first part of electrical energy is connected in series with the second part of electrical energy to form a whole. After being converted by an inverter and output through an AC output interface, the required alternating voltage is output to power the electrical equipment.

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