A wide-scale friction power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heat dissipation

Abstract

This invention discloses a wide-scale triboelectric power generation system and method based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating, belonging to the field of triboelectric power generation technology. Addressing the problems of existing triboelectric power generation devices, such as amplification failure, severe wear, high operating power consumption, and difficulty in high-power applications, this invention employs a three-layer nested sealed cavity structure, combined with permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic levitation to achieve contactless drive; a hyperboloid magnetic mirror is used to form a magnetic field gradient, combined with core-shell bimodal friction particles doped with ferromagnetic / ferrimagnetic microparticles, to constrain particle movement through a combination of centrifugal force and magnetic force, reducing local wear; an inert gas circulation cavity with a reverse spiral flow guiding structure is set inside the cavity, relying on relative motion to form shear turbulence for global heat dissipation, and the low-pressure inert gas environment simultaneously improves insulation and heat exchange performance. This system is started by an external power source, and after operation, it compensates for overall losses through an energy feedback mechanism to achieve self-sustaining operation; the power transfer between the dynamic and static ends is completed using slip rings or rotary transformers, and the modular structure supports multi-level series and parallel power expansion. This invention breaks through the technical bias of traditional triboelectric power generation amplification failure, and has the characteristics of low power consumption, long life, wide scale adaptability and strong anti-interference ability. It can be widely used in various scenarios such as micro portable, vehicle-mounted, industrial power stations and underground emergency power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of independent off-grid power generation, emergency self-sufficient power supply, and energy security technology without reliance. Specifically, it relates to a triboelectric power generation system that is scalable across a wide range of scales, can operate in a closed environment, and is adaptable to multiple scenarios. It is suitable for applications in all scenarios, including micro portable power supply, vehicle-mounted parking power supply, large fixed power station, and underground concealed wartime power supply. Background Technology

[0002] Existing power generation systems generally suffer from core defects such as strong dependence on the external environment, poor resilience, and limited application scenarios: solar and wind power depend on weather and airspace conditions and cannot work in enclosed, dark, windless, or underground environments; fuel-fired power generation depends on fuel supply and generates exhaust emissions and noise, and will be completely paralyzed if supplies are cut off during wartime; traditional electromagnetic generators have fixed structures and dimensions, and cannot achieve multi-specification adaptation.

[0003] Existing triboelectric nanogenerators mostly adopt contact-separated structures, which suffer from severe contact wear, low output power density, and poor high-frequency response. At the same time, existing triboelectric power generation devices are generally limited to the micro-nano energy field, and there is a technical bias of "scale-up failure" in the industry, making it difficult to achieve high power output by scaling up the size.

[0004] Under special conditions such as war, disasters, and extreme blockades, traditional power grids, new energy power plants, and oil-fired power generation equipment are all at high risk of being easily destroyed and having their power supply interrupted. The market urgently needs a power generation technology that is independent of external power grids and fuel, can be deployed covertly, can be expanded at multiple scales, and is maintenance-free for a long time. Summary of the Invention Purpose of the invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies and industry biases, this invention provides a wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating. It overcomes the limitations of traditional equipment size, environmental constraints, and amplification failures. It can be miniaturized or gigantic, deployed on the ground or concealed underground, and meets the needs of both civilian routine power supply and wartime uninterrupted emergency power supply. Core technology principles

[0006] The core of this invention is an integrated architecture combining a sealed inert gas temperature control system, a hyperboloid magnetic mirror particle confinement system, and centrifugal triboelectric power generation. The overall design is modular, allowing for wide expansion of its structural logic and working principle to adapt to different specifications and deployment environments. This system adopts a completely sealed cavity structure, which is isolated from the outside air, water vapor and dust. The cavity is filled with inert gas as a heat transfer and pressure stabilizing medium.

[0007] Friction particles (13) are placed inside the cavity. The rotation of the cavity generates centrifugal force, which drives the friction particles (13) to collide with each other and rub against the cavity wall to achieve charge separation, thus completing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0008] The rotation of the cavity drives the inert gas to form forced convection, which autonomously removes the heat generated by friction, achieving constant temperature throughout the entire area and solving the problems of high temperature leakage and material aging in triboelectric power generation.

[0009] This system requires an external power supply to start up initially. After it starts running, it adopts an auxiliary energy feedback and voltage stabilization mechanism. The generated electricity is used to compensate for the system's operating losses first, and the remaining electricity is output to the outside. The whole system is independent of the external power grid and fuel supply and can operate self-sustainingly for a long time.

[0010] This system has a wide range of scalability capabilities. The cavity volume, particle filling amount, and gas path structure can be adjusted according to the usage requirements. The same core principle can be reused in micro devices, large industrial power plants, and underground giant power plants.

[0011] This system uses a hyperboloid magnetic mirror structure to form a magnetic field gradient. The friction particles are doped with ferromagnetic / ferrimagnetic microparticles, which have weak magnetic response characteristics. The magnetic field gradient force, together with the centrifugal force, constrains the movement of the particles, avoiding local accumulation of particles and aggravated wear.

[0012] The rotating end charge is transferred between the moving and stationary ends through a low-friction slip ring or rotary transformer to ensure rotating power generation and stationary output; the magnetic levitation adopts a permanent magnet bias hybrid structure, which greatly reduces the power consumption of levitation and driving, and ensures that the net output power of the system is positive.

[0013] The friction particles have a bimodal particle size distribution. In addition to filling the gaps, the small particles can also form conductive bridges between the large particles, accelerating charge accumulation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numerals: 1-Magnetic levitation rotor assembly (1); 2-Centrifugal constraint rotor (2); 3-Conductive collector (3); 4-Inner and outer ring connecting rod (4); 5-Magnetic levitation stator assembly (5); 6-Insulation shell (6); 7-Fixed outer shell (7); 8-Material filling cavity (8); 9-Inert gas circulation cavity (9); 10-Rotating inner shell (10); 11-Inert gas shielding layer (11); 12-Pressure relief valve (12); 13-Friction particles (13); 14-Built-in circuit collector (14); 15-Control module (15). Detailed Implementation

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to Figure 1. System overall structure

[0016] This system consists of three nested sealed cavities: a fixed outer shell (7), a heat-insulating shell (6), and a rotating inner shell (10). They are fixedly connected by inner and outer ring connecting rods (4). The entire system has no exposed vulnerable parts and can be arranged in any orientation. The rotating inner shell (10) is made of non-magnetic, low-dielectric-loss composite material to avoid electrostatic shielding and charge short circuits. Hybrid magnetic levitation contactless drive system

[0017] The magnetic levitation stator assembly (5) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed outer shell (7), and the magnetic levitation rotor assembly (1) is fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating inner shell (10), forming a contactless magnetic levitation support and drive structure. This magnetic levitation assembly adopts a hybrid magnetic levitation structure with permanent magnet bias. It relies on permanent magnets to provide the main levitation force, and the electromagnetic coils are only responsible for damping control and attitude fine adjustment, which greatly reduces the power consumption during normal operation and ensures that the system as a whole has positive net power output. During operation, the magnetic levitation stator assembly (5) drives the magnetic levitation rotor assembly (1), the rotating inner shell (10), and the centrifugal constrained rotor (2) to rotate synchronously at high speed. There is no mechanical contact or dynamic seal wear, which greatly improves the service life of the equipment. Centrifugal triboelectric power generation, particle confinement, charge conduction and dynamic-static junction system

[0018] The rotating inner shell (10) has a material filling cavity (8) inside, which is filled with friction particles (13). The friction particles (13) have a core-shell structure. The core is a high-density metal ball to enhance centrifugal kinetic energy, and the outer shell is a polymer material with a large difference in triboelectric sequence to generate triboelectric charge. The particles are doped with ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic microparticles, including iron oxide and neodymium iron boron powder, so that the particles have a stable weak magnetic response. At the same time, the particle size adopts a bimodal distribution. The large particles mainly transfer kinetic energy, while the small particles fill the gaps between the particles and form conductive bridges between the large particles, constructing a continuous charge jumping path and accelerating the accumulation of charge to the cavity wall.

[0019] The centrifugal constrained rotor (2) is a hyperboloid magnetic mirror structure, which forms a stable magnetic field gradient during operation; the rotating inner shell (10) rotates at high speed to generate centrifugal force, and the magnetic field gradient force, together with the centrifugal force, constrains the friction particles (13) in the middle region of the cavity, preventing the particles from accumulating at both ends and causing local wear and dynamic imbalance.

[0020] The charge generated on the inner wall of the material filling cavity (8) is connected to the conductive collector (3) at the center through an insulating conductive structure that penetrates the rotating inner shell (10); the conductive collector (3) is integrated with the centrifugal constrained rotor (2) and rotates synchronously. The output end of the conductive collector (3) is connected to the stationary built-in circuit collector (14) through a low-friction precious metal slip ring assembly or a rotary transformer (wireless electromagnetic coupling) to achieve power transfer, thus completing the stable power transmission from the rotating end to the stationary end. Inert gas convection self-cooling system

[0021] Between the heat-insulating shell (6) and the rotating inner shell (10) is an inert gas circulation cavity (9), which is filled with inert gases such as argon or helium and equipped with an inert gas shielding layer (11). The internal pressure of the inert gas circulation cavity (9) is controlled at 0.5~0.8 standard atmospheres to balance insulation performance and convective heat transfer efficiency. The circulation cavity (9) is equipped with spiral guide vanes, the direction of which is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating inner shell (10), which can enhance the gas turbulent heat transfer effect. When the cavity rotates, it drives the inert gas to convect throughout the entire area, quickly dissipating frictional heat, suppressing high-temperature leakage and material aging, while isolating oxygen to avoid oxidation and wear of the friction pair. Safety maintenance and power expansion structure

[0022] The fixed outer casing (7) is equipped with a pressure relief valve (12), which has the functions of material filling, inert gas filling and overpressure relief, ensuring the safety of equipment operation and maintenance. This system supports multi-level expansion and can adopt multi-level axial series or radial parallel connection. Multiple sets of rotating inner casings (10) share a set of fixed outer casings (7), which can increase the overall output power as needed and adapt to high-power power plant scenarios. Workflow

[0023] An external power supply provides power to the control module (15) and the magnetic levitation stator assembly (5), driving the magnetic levitation rotor assembly (1), the rotating inner shell (10), and the centrifugal constrained rotor (2) to start rotating synchronously. The rotating inner shell (10) drives the gas in the inert gas circulation chamber (9) to form forced convection, establishing a constant temperature and sealed operating environment; Centrifugal force and magnetic field gradient force of hyperboloid magnetic mirror jointly constrain friction particles (13). Particles collide with each other and rub against the cavity wall to continuously generate charge. Small particles form conductive bridges to accelerate charge accumulation. Charge is conducted to the conductive collector (3) through the insulating conductive structure, and then transferred to the built-in circuit collector (14) through the slip ring or rotary transformer, and sent to the control module (15) to complete the rectification, voltage regulation and inversion process; After the system reaches the critical speed, it enters the self-sustaining operation state: the control module (15) extracts a part of the electrical energy as auxiliary feedback electrical energy to compensate for various losses such as magnetic levitation drive, mechanical damping, and hysteresis, and no longer relies on the external starting power supply; the remaining electrical energy is output as effective electrical energy. The inert gas continuously circulates to dissipate heat, ensuring stable operation of the equipment at full load for extended periods.

[0024] The critical speed refers to the lowest speed at which the system's power generation is equal to the overall operating losses. Core innovation of this invention

[0025] Overcoming industry technical biases and breaking through the traditional triboelectric power generation amplification failure problem, it adopts a modular wide-scale expansion design, enabling full-scenario application from micro-devices to giant power plants.

[0026] A novel composite constraint scheme combining hyperboloid magnetic mirrors and magnetically doped particles was developed, utilizing magnetic gradient force in conjunction with centrifugal force to restrict particle movement, significantly reducing localized wear and extending equipment life.

[0027] The system adopts a permanent magnet bias hybrid magnetic levitation structure, which significantly reduces drive power consumption while ensuring contactless operation and ensuring that the system has positive net energy output.

[0028] Adding slip rings / rotary transformers enables the transfer of power between the dynamic and static ends, completely solving the engineering implementation problem of rotating power generation and static output.

[0029] The magnetic levitation contactless drive, combined with a sealed inert gas self-heating structure, eliminates dynamic seal wear, is resistant to high temperatures and oxidation, and enables long-term maintenance-free operation.

[0030] It features a sophisticated energy feedback logic, relies on an external power source to start, and self-compensates for losses and independently supplies power after operation. It does not depend on fuel or the public power grid, has strong survivability, and can be concealed underground for emergency power supply during wartime.

[0031] Core-shell friction particles, bimodal particle size distribution with the use of small particles to build conductive bridges, and low-pressure inert gas environment are among the multiple optimizations that significantly improve power generation efficiency and operational stability.

[0032] It supports multi-level series and parallel expansion, and can be flexibly combined to meet different power requirements, making the product more adaptable. Beneficial effects

[0033] Wide adaptability to different scales: The modular structure can be freely expanded to cover all scenarios such as micro portable, vehicle-mounted, industrial, and underground emergency power stations.

[0034] High degree of operational independence: After startup, it can be disconnected from the external power grid and fuel supply. Its sealed structure can be buried deep underground, providing continuous power supply in disaster and war environments.

[0035] Low power consumption: Hybrid magnetic levitation uses permanent magnets to provide the main levitation force, resulting in low electromagnetic power consumption and sufficient net power output from the system.

[0036] High reliability: Inert gas constant temperature heat dissipation, magnetic mirror constraint wear reduction, and magnetic levitation contactless drive solve the problems of high temperature failure and high wear in traditional triboelectric power generation.

[0037] Excellent power generation efficiency: Core-shell particles, bimodal particle size + conductive bridge design, low-pressure inert gas environment, optimize triboelectric charging and charge collection effects.

[0038] Strong scalability: Supports multi-level series and parallel combinations, and can build power generation systems of different power levels as needed.

[0039] The project has good feasibility: the power transmission between the moving and stationary ends is achieved through slip rings or rotary transformers, and the structure is complete and the solution is feasible.

Claims

1. A wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating, characterized in that, include: The three-layer nested sealed cavity consists of a fixed outer shell (7), a heat insulation shell (6), and a rotating inner shell (10); the magnetic levitation stator assembly (5) and the magnetic levitation rotor assembly (1) constitute a permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic levitation contactless drive structure; the rotating inner shell (10) is provided with a material filling cavity (8), which is filled with friction particles (13); an inert gas circulation cavity (9) is provided between the heat insulation shell (6) and the rotating inner shell (10); the rotating inner shell (10) is fixedly connected to a centrifugal constrained rotor (2) with a hyperboloid magnetic mirror structure, and the centrifugal constrained rotor (2) is provided with a conductive collector (3), which is connected to the built-in circuit collector (14) and the control module (15) through a dynamic and static end power transfer structure.

2. The wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The friction particles (13) have a core-shell structure, with a high-density metal sphere as the core and a polymer triboelectric material as the outer shell. The friction particles (13) are doped with ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic microparticles and have a bimodal particle size distribution. Small particles form conductive bridges between large particles to accelerate charge accumulation. At the same time, the particles can be constrained by the magnetic field gradient force of the hyperboloid magnetic mirror.

3. The wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inert gas circulation cavity (9) is equipped with fixed spiral guide vanes that rotate in the opposite direction to the rotating inner shell (10). The gas pressure inside the circulation cavity (9) is maintained at 0.5~0.8 standard atmospheres. The rotating inner shell (10) rotates at high speed relative to the fixed guide vanes, forming shear turbulence to achieve forced heat dissipation and internal anti-oxidation.

4. The wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive collector (3) rotates synchronously with the rotating inner shell (10), and its output end achieves stable power transfer from the rotating end to the stationary circuit end through a low-friction precious metal slip ring assembly or a rotary transformer wireless coupling structure.

5. The wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (15) is equipped with an energy feedback voltage regulation mechanism. The system is started by an external power supply. After reaching the critical speed, it autonomously extracts part of the electrical energy to compensate for magnetic levitation damping, hysteresis and mechanical loss. The remaining electrical energy is stably output to the outside to achieve self-sustaining operation.

6. The wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating inner shell (10) is made of non-magnetic, low dielectric loss composite material, and the inner wall of the material filling cavity (8) is stably connected to the central conductive collector (3) through an insulating conductive structure that penetrates the shell.

7. The wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed outer shell (7) is equipped with a pressure relief valve (12), which also has the functions of granule filling, inert gas filling and automatic pressure relief in case of overpressure.

8. The wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system adopts a modular wide-scale expansion structure, which supports multiple sets of rotating inner shells (10) in axial series or radial parallel combination, and uses the same fixed outer shell (7) to realize power expansion, adapting to multiple scenarios such as micro, vehicle-mounted, industrial and underground strategic power stations.

9. The wide-scale triboelectric power generation system based on magnetic mirror confinement and gas self-heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic levitation structure uses permanent magnets to provide the main levitation support force, while electromagnetic coils are only responsible for attitude fine-tuning and damping suppression, which greatly reduces the system's levitation power consumption and ensures that the system's continuous net power output is positive.

10. A triboelectric power generation method based on magnetic mirror confinement, characterized in that, Applied to the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Fill the material filling cavity (8) with core-shell bimodal friction particles (13) doped with magnetic microparticles, and adjust the gas pressure in the inert gas circulation cavity (9) to 0.5~0.8 standard atmospheres; Step 2: Start the hybrid magnetic levitation structure with an external power source, drive the rotating inner shell (10) and the hyperboloid magnetic mirror to rotate synchronously and establish a gradient constraint magnetic field; Step 3: Use centrifugal force and magnetic field gradient force to constrain the friction particles (13), so that the particles continuously collide and rub to generate charges, and the charges are quickly collected through the conductive bridge between the particles. Step 4: The rotating inner shell (10) moves at high speed relative to the fixed reverse spiral flow guiding structure, forming inert gas shear turbulence, and realizing constant temperature heat dissipation throughout the cavity; Step 5: The charge is transmitted to the control module (15) through the insulating conductive structure, the rotating conductive collector (3), and the dynamic and static end transfer structure. After the system reaches the critical speed, it enters the self-compensating and self-sustaining power generation state, and outputs electrical energy stably after compensating for the loss of the whole machine.

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