Modular photovoltaic racking

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic module technology and discloses a modular photovoltaic support bracket. It includes a photovoltaic panel and a support arm. The photovoltaic panel has a mating part at its frame edge, and a limiting block is provided on the support arm. The limiting block has a main body and a horizontal elastic arm extending from the main body. The free end of the horizontal elastic arm is configured to mechanically couple with the mating part. The horizontal elastic arm can absorb horizontal vibration energy through elastic buckling deformation in a direction parallel to the photovoltaic panel plane. A vertical elastic element is provided between the support arm and the limiting block, providing a buffer force perpendicular to the photovoltaic panel plane. The horizontal elastic arm and / or the vertical elastic element are in a pre-compressed or pre-stretched state during installation to provide initial constraint stiffness. Through the three-dimensional elastic suspension configuration of the support arm, load decoupling and dynamic isolation between the photovoltaic panel array and the existing roof structure are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and specifically relates to a modular photovoltaic bracket. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic retrofit projects on existing rooftops, the installation of support structures often involves the "perforation" process. Whether using expansion bolts or chemical anchors, it is unavoidable to penetrate the original continuous waterproofing system of the roof. To compensate for this structural damage, construction companies typically perform secondary waterproofing repairs on the perforated areas and around the base after installation, by applying sealant, laying waterproof membrane, or filling with asphalt mortar, attempting to rebuild the local waterproofing barrier.

[0003] However, this static repair method is difficult to adapt to the dynamic stress environment of photovoltaic supports. As a typical tall, thin-walled structure, the supports are subjected to wind loads, snow loads, and temperature fluctuations outdoors for extended periods. Especially during typhoons or gusts, they experience continuous low-frequency vibrations or even sudden, large swaying. These mechanical stresses induced by the external environment are transmitted along the support members to the roof connection points without attenuation.

[0004] The problem lies precisely here: when the support structure repeatedly shakes, the connection points are subjected to alternating shear and tensile forces. For repair waterproofing layers that rely on adhesive strength to maintain a seal, this continuous dynamic fatigue can easily lead to peeling, cracking, or even detachment between the repair layer and the support base, or between the repair layer and the original roof waterproofing layer. Once this fragile sealing interface fails, rainwater will seep in through bolt holes or new cracks, causing not only indoor leaks and affecting the normal use of the building, but also potentially triggering a chain of safety hazards such as corrosion of the support foundation and short circuits in electrical wiring, ultimately significantly shortening the overall lifespan of the photovoltaic power station. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular photovoltaic support system to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a modular photovoltaic support structure, comprising a photovoltaic panel and a support arm. The photovoltaic panel has a mating portion at its frame edge, and a limiting block is provided on the support arm. The limiting block has a main body and a horizontal elastic arm extending from the main body. The free end of the horizontal elastic arm is configured to mechanically couple with the mating portion. The horizontal elastic arm can absorb horizontal vibration energy through elastic buckling deformation in a direction parallel to the photovoltaic panel plane. A vertical elastic element is provided between the support arm and the limiting block, providing a buffer force perpendicular to the photovoltaic panel plane. The horizontal elastic arm and / or the vertical elastic element are in a pre-compressed or pre-stretched state during installation to provide initial constraint stiffness.

[0007] Preferably, the system also includes a connecting block, which is disposed at the intersection of the corners of adjacent photovoltaic panels. The connecting block is used to connect the support arm located at the intersection of the corners. The connecting block has an installation interface, which is arranged at preset angle intervals around the center of the connecting block. The end of the support arm is provided with a mating structure adapted to the installation interface, and the support arm is detachably connected through the mating structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the mounting interface is a threaded hole, and the mating structure is a countersunk through hole opened at the end of the support arm. The support arm is fastened to the threaded hole by a bolt passing through the countersunk through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the device also includes a spring sheet disposed between adjacent photovoltaic panels. The spring sheet includes a top deformation section and sidewalls extending downward from both ends of the deformation section. The sidewalls of the spring sheet abut or engage with the mating portions of two adjacent photovoltaic panels. The deformation section provides vertical buffering force and / or absorbs lateral vibration energy through elastic deformation.

[0010] Furthermore, the cross-sectional profile of the deformed segment is arc-shaped, or V-shaped with a rounded transition.

[0011] Furthermore, the sidewall of the spring sheet has a preset outward expansion in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel in the free state, so that when the spring sheet is installed between the mating parts of two adjacent photovoltaic panels, the sidewall and the mating parts form an interference fit; so that the spring sheet can fill the assembly gap between adjacent photovoltaic panels while retaining an elastic buckling margin for absorbing lateral vibration energy.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an auxiliary elastic element, which is disposed between adjacent photovoltaic panels and forms a mechanical coupling with the spring sheet; under lateral vibration load, the auxiliary elastic element and the spring sheet undergo elastic deformation synchronously to dissipate vibration energy together.

[0013] Furthermore, at least one longitudinal notch is formed on the sidewall of the spring sheet along the length direction. The longitudinal notch makes the lateral stiffness of the sidewall in the notch area lower than that in the non-notch area, forming a stiffness weakening zone. The auxiliary elastic element is embedded in the longitudinal notch. The auxiliary elastic element is in clearance fit with the sidewall in the stiffness weakening zone to dissipate energy through internal material damping under lateral vibration.

[0014] Furthermore, the auxiliary elastic element is a sealant layer, which fills the mating parts between adjacent photovoltaic panels; the spring forms a light-shielding area between the mating parts of adjacent photovoltaic panels, and the sealant layer is located within the light-shielding area.

[0015] The main technical effects of this invention are reflected in the following aspects: The three-dimensional elastic suspension configuration of the support arm achieves load decoupling and dynamic isolation between the photovoltaic panel array and the existing roof structure. The principle is that the support arm is not a rigid force-transmitting member, but a multi-dimensional elastic body with vertical compression, lateral shear, and torsional flexibility. When wind-induced lift, uneven snow accumulation, or thermal expansion and contraction cause multi-directional displacement of the photovoltaic panel, the support arm preferentially undergoes controllable elastic deformation to absorb the main body's kinetic energy, rather than directly transferring all the load to the roof perforation nodes. This converts high-frequency impact loads into low-frequency elastic responses, significantly reducing peak stress and fatigue accumulation damage at the anchor points. Simultaneously, it allows the photovoltaic panel to adaptively adjust its posture within a safe range, avoiding frame distortion or glass microcracks caused by excessive constraint rigidity, and providing stable boundary conditions for the upper-layer elastic energy dissipation interface.

[0016] The four-way elastic coupling structure of the connecting block achieves the homogenization of the force at the intersection of multiple photovoltaic panels at the array node and the cross-panel transfer and dissipation of vibration energy. The principle is that the connecting block forms elastic contact interfaces with the mating parts of adjacent photovoltaic panels in four directions. When a local panel deforms under load, the connecting block disperses the concentrated force to multiple surrounding photovoltaic panels through the shear and compressive deformation of its own material, avoiding single-point overload. The spring plate achieves bidirectional decoupling and bandwidth broadening of vertical buffering and lateral energy absorption through the synergistic configuration of the arc-shaped or V-shaped cross-section with a circular arc transition in the deformation section and the stiffness-weakening zone of the longitudinal notch in the sidewall. The principle is that the top deformation section bends under vertical relative displacement to provide linear buffering force, and the circular arc transition avoids stress concentration to ensure long-term fatigue resistance; while the sidewall notch area becomes a preferential deformation zone due to the reduction of lateral stiffness, and elastic buckling occurs in a concentrated manner under lateral vibration, which drives the embedded auxiliary elastic element to undergo synchronous shear deformation. Both dissipate energy through internal material damping.

[0017] The multi-purpose adaptability mechanism of the connecting block enables universal assembly and consistent structural performance across all boundary conditions of the rectangular photovoltaic array. The uniform 90-degree equally spaced threaded hole layout maintains the central symmetry of the connecting block body in terms of geometry and stiffness. Regardless of whether the actual number of connecting support arms is four, three, or two, unused interfaces are sealed by tightening a cover plate with an annular sealing ring. This maintains the symmetry of the node's mass distribution and moment of inertia, avoiding additional bending moments and torsional vibration mode distortion caused by eccentricity, and completely blocks the path of rainwater and dust intrusion through unused threaded holes. This design allows the four-plate intersection area inside the array to form a complete spatial truss node, achieving load distribution. The T / L-shaped intersection area of ​​the three edge plates maintains stiffness continuity and sealing integrity, while the straight-line docking area of ​​the two end plates compensates for torsional resistance with added mass and constraint through the cover plate. The dynamic response characteristics of the node are highly consistent across the three scenarios, significantly reducing mold development costs, on-site material management complexity, and the risk of localized stress concentration caused by node heterogeneity. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a structure where four adjacent planes intersect, three adjacent right angles intersect at the edges, and two adjacent straight lines meet at the ends; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of a photovoltaic panel; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting block and the support arm; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of shrapnel; Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure between adjacent photovoltaic panels; In the diagram: 1. Photovoltaic panel; 11. Mating part; 2. Support arm; 21. Limiting block; 22. Horizontal elastic arm; 3. Connecting block; 31. Installation interface; 32. Mating structure; 4. Spring piece; 41. Deformation section; 42. Side wall; 43. Longitudinal notch; 5. Auxiliary elastic element; A. Four adjacent planes intersect; B. Three adjacent right angles intersect at the edge; C. Two adjacent straight lines are connected at the end. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to make the technical solution of the present invention easier to understand and master. In the embodiments, it should be understood that the terms "middle," "upper," "lower," "top," "right side," "left end," "above," "back," "center," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise specified in this specific embodiment, the connection or fixing method between components can be achieved by bolt fixing, pin fixing, or pin connection commonly used in the prior art, etc., and therefore will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0020] The modular photovoltaic bracket provided by this invention is mainly used for vibration suppression and waterproof sealing of the assembly gap between adjacent rectangular photovoltaic panels in existing rooftop distributed photovoltaic renovation scenarios. However, it is not limited to this and can also be used in other prefabricated enclosure structures that have similar dynamic loads on panel gaps and need to take into account both vibration reduction and energy dissipation as well as environmental protection. For example, it can be used in the same or similar production processes such as metal roofing systems, curtain wall unit panel joints, precast concrete exterior wall panel connection joints, and modular skin splicing of transportation equipment.

[0021] Furthermore, as common knowledge in this industry, the material selection for the sealant layer (such as silicone, polyurethane, or modified silanes), the selection of the elastomer or metal spring steel for the spring sheet 4 substrate, the engineering calculation method for the interference fit, the processing technology of the longitudinal notch 43 (stamping, laser cutting, or injection molding), the protective mechanism of the light-shielding area for the polymer material's resistance to ultraviolet aging, and the stress concentration relief principle of the stiffness weakening area in structural dynamics, etc., are all technical contents that those skilled in the art can directly obtain and implement based on actual working conditions through conventional design manuals, material databases, and finite element simulation methods. Since these are common knowledge, their principles and structures will not be elaborated upon further.

[0022] Example 1 Addressing the core pain point of fatigue failure of perforated waterproofing layers due to dynamic swaying of supports during existing roof renovations, this embodiment fundamentally cuts off the transmission path of vibration energy to roof connection nodes through a multi-level elastic decoupling and panel joint collaborative energy dissipation mechanism, achieving dual protection of structural safety and long-term waterproofing.

[0023] In this embodiment, the main supporting unit of the modular photovoltaic bracket consists of a support arm 2, a limiting block 21, and a vertical elastic element, forming a three-dimensional elastic suspension system to solve the problem of "rigid force transmission leading to the peeling of the waterproof layer" in the background technology. Specifically, the support arm 2 is no longer rigidly connected to the photovoltaic panel 1 frame, but is mechanically coupled to the mating part 11 (existing structure of photovoltaic panel 1) at the edge of the photovoltaic panel 1 frame through the horizontal elastic arm 22 on the limiting block 21. In the installed state, the horizontal elastic arm 22 (spring telescopic rod) is pre-compressed or pre-stretched, giving it initial constraint stiffness in the direction parallel to the plane of photovoltaic panel 1; when the bracket sways at low frequency due to typhoons or gusts, the horizontal elastic arm 22 preferentially undergoes elastic buckling deformation, converting the horizontal shear force that would originally be directly transmitted to the roof along the support rod into the strain energy of the spring 4 itself and dissipating it. At the same time, the vertical elastic element (spring) provided between the support arm 2 and the limiting block 21 provides buffering in the vertical direction, absorbing the vertical impact caused by wind lift and snow load. This dual-degree-of-freedom decoupled design of "horizontal buckling energy absorption" and "vertical elastic buffer" reduces the amplitude of dynamic loads transmitted to the roof perforation nodes compared to traditional rigid connections. This eliminates the fatigue tearing effect of alternating stress on the secondary waterproofing repair layer and solves the persistent problems of sealant cracking and membrane detachment caused by repeated shaking of the support in the background technology.

[0024] Building upon this, to effectively extend the advantages of the single-point elastic suspension to the entire rectangular photovoltaic array and further enhance the uniformity of stress distribution in the corner areas, this embodiment includes a connecting block 3 at the intersection of the corners of four adjacent rectangular photovoltaic panels 1. Since most mainstream photovoltaic modules are rectangular, this connecting block 3 is specifically designed as a four-way symmetrical structure, with its four mounting interfaces 31 arranged at 90-degree intervals around the center, precisely adapting to the orthogonal layout of the corners of the rectangular modules. This design is a key extension of the aforementioned three-dimensional elastic suspension system at the array level: traditional rectangular photovoltaic supports often use independent bases for dispersed anchoring, with each support arm 2 operating independently under wind load, resulting in a single roof perforation node bearing the entire eccentric load; however, this embodiment uses the connecting block 3 to rigidly converge the four support arms 2 at the corners, forming a spatial truss-like collaborative stress-bearing system, significantly reducing the peak dynamic load at each roof anchoring point and suppressing the resonance amplification effect at its source.

[0025] In terms of the specific assembly structure, the mounting interface 31 on the connecting block 3 is set as a threaded hole, and the end of the support arm 2 is correspondingly provided with a countersunk through hole as a mating structure 32. The two are detachably fastened together by bolts passing through the countersunk through hole. In order to adapt to the geometric boundary conditions of different positions in the rectangular photovoltaic array, this embodiment uses a uniform specification four-way symmetrical cross-shaped connecting block 3 as a general basic node. Its four threaded holes are always arranged at 90-degree intervals around the center. By simply changing the number of support arms 2 actually connected and using a special sealing cover to seal the idle interfaces, it can seamlessly cover three typical scenarios: four adjacent planes intersecting (A), three adjacent right angles intersecting at the edge (B), and two adjacent straight lines connecting at the end (C). In the area where the four plates intersect inside the array, all four mounting interfaces 31 are fastened to the support arm 2 with countersunk bolts, forming a complete spatial truss node. This evenly distributes the wind load borne by any single arm to the other three arms, minimizing the peak dynamic load of the roof perforation node in this area. In the T (L) shaped intersection area of ​​the three plates at the edge of the array, only three adjacent interfaces are connected to the support arm 2, and the remaining unused interface is sealed with a sealing cover plate with matching thread specifications. The outer edge of the cover plate is provided with an annular sealing rubber ring, which maintains the structural integrity and rigidity symmetry of the connecting block 3 body and completely blocks the path of rainwater and dust intrusion from the unused threaded hole. In the area where the two plates meet at the end of the array, only the two opposite interfaces are connected to the support arm 2, and the other two unused interfaces in the vertical direction are also sealed with sealing covers. At this time, the connecting block 3 is transformed into an axial tension and compression force transmission node. At the same time, the additional mass and constraint provided by the cover plate further compensate for the reduced torsional resistance at the end due to the lack of lateral support. This "one mold for multiple uses, cover plate adaptability" design strategy allows the entire rectangular photovoltaic array to be assembled for all boundary conditions with only one type of connector block 3 body, which greatly reduces mold development costs and on-site material management complexity.

[0026] More importantly, regardless of their location or the number of support arms 2 connected, all in-use interfaces use the same countersunk bolt detachable connection method, and all unused interfaces are effectively sealed and protected by standardized cover plates, ensuring the mechanical consistency and waterproof reliability of the entire array's connection interfaces. When a roof perforation develops a potential leakage risk due to long-term vibration, maintenance personnel do not need to distinguish the node type; they only need to loosen the corresponding countersunk bolts to independently disassemble the support arm 2 for waterproof repair. The cover plates of unused interfaces can also be replaced or resealed at any time, ensuring that the entire array always possesses repairability and dynamic adaptability for roof perforation waterproofing throughout its entire life cycle, completely eliminating protection shortcomings and maintenance blind spots caused by location differences or interface redundancy. Finally, mounting holes are pre-set at the top of the connecting block 3 to integrate air guide strips to fix the interfaces. As an edge airflow rectification device, the air guide strips can effectively suppress the shedding of separation vortices and negative pressure pulsation of the incoming flow at the windward edge of the array, reducing the wind-induced flutter amplitude of the edge photovoltaic panels 1.

[0027] In this embodiment, addressing the technical challenge of the assembly gap between adjacent rectangular photovoltaic panels 1 in existing roof renovation scenarios transforming into an "impact stroke" under dynamic wind loads, a spring plate 4 is installed between adjacent photovoltaic panels 1 to convert passive process allowances into active elastic energy dissipation interfaces. The spring plate 4 includes a top deformation section 41 and sidewalls 42 extending downwards from both ends of the deformation section 41. The sidewalls 42 respectively abut or engage with the mating portions 11 of the two adjacent photovoltaic panels 1. The cross-sectional profile of the deformation section 41 is arc-shaped or V-shaped with a rounded transition, providing both vertical buffering force and lateral vibration energy absorption capacity through elastic deformation. The sidewall 42 of the spring sheet 4 has a preset outward expansion in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel 1 in the free state. During installation, it is compressed into the mating part 11 to form an interference fit. This interference fit completely fills the assembly gap reserved due to manufacturing tolerance, installation error and thermal expansion and contraction, so that the mating part 11 of the adjacent photovoltaic panels 1 is always in a state of pressure and contact. This eliminates the initial degree of freedom of the photovoltaic panel 1 to make undamped free acceleration motion within the gap range, thereby cutting off the starting conditions for collision between the photovoltaic panels 1 and converting the originally discrete pulse impact force into a continuous elastic force with a significantly reduced amplitude, which is transmitted to the adjacent panels and the support system.

[0028] Furthermore, the interference compression of the sidewall 42 of the spring sheet 4 is not completely rigidly locked, but retains sufficient elastic buckling margin while filling the gap. When gusts of wind or turbulence cause the adjacent photovoltaic panels 1 to have a tendency to shift laterally, the pre-compressed sidewall 42 preferentially undergoes secondary elastic buckling deformation, converting the lateral vibration kinetic energy into the strain energy of the spring sheet 4 material and dissipating it through internal friction, rather than transmitting it to the mating part 11 as rigid shear force; the arc-shaped or V-shaped deformation section 41 at the top undergoes bending deformation when the adjacent panels have vertical relative displacement due to wind-induced lift or uneven snow accumulation, providing linear vertical buffer force, and the arc transition avoids stress concentration, ensuring that the deformation section 41 does not undergo plastic yielding or fatigue fracture during repeated buckling. This dual mechanism of "pre-compression" and "secondary buckling" enables the spring plate 4 to still have independent lateral and bidirectional vibration absorption capabilities while eliminating the gap degree of freedom. Moreover, the preset outward expansion can cover the maximum expected tolerance range. Even if the photovoltaic panel 1 frame undergoes slight dimensional changes due to creep or temperature cycling after long-term operation, the spring plate 4 can still maintain effective contact pressure and energy dissipation stroke through its own elastic deformation, avoiding the reintroduction of free stroke due to gap expansion or loss of energy absorption capacity due to permanent deformation.

[0029] In this embodiment, to further enhance the vibration dissipation capability at the assembly gap between adjacent photovoltaic panels 1 and to ensure waterproof sealing, an auxiliary elastic element 5 is added to the spring sheet 4, forming a mechanically coupled composite energy dissipation interface. Specifically, at least one longitudinal notch 43 is provided on the sidewall 42 of the spring sheet 4 along its length. This notch makes the lateral stiffness of the sidewall 42 in the notch area significantly lower than that in the non-notch area, forming a controllable stiffness weakening zone. The auxiliary elastic element 5 is embedded in the longitudinal notch 43 and maintains a clearance fit with the sidewall 42 in the stiffness weakening zone. When a lateral vibration load is applied to the photovoltaic panel 1, the stiffness weakening zone of the sidewall 42 of the spring sheet 4 preferentially undergoes concentrated elastic deformation, which drives the auxiliary elastic element 5 embedded therein to simultaneously undergo shear and compression composite deformation. The two dissipate vibration energy together through material internal damping and interface friction. Compared with the single spring sheet 4 structure, this coupling mechanism significantly broadens the energy dissipation frequency band and improves the energy absorption efficiency per unit volume, especially for suppressing low- and medium-frequency wind-induced vibrations.

[0030] Furthermore, the auxiliary elastic element 5 is implemented using a sealant layer, which fills the gap between the mating parts 11 of adjacent photovoltaic panels 1, serving both as an energy dissipation medium and a waterproof sealing function; the spring piece 4 forms a light-shielding area between the mating parts 11 of adjacent photovoltaic panels 1, and the sealant layer is completely located within this light-shielding area. This layout design has dual technical advantages: on the one hand, the light-shielding area effectively blocks the direct irradiation of ultraviolet rays to the sealant layer, significantly delaying the hardening, cracking, and adhesion failure of the sealant due to photo-oxidative aging, ensuring that it maintains a stable elastic modulus and damping characteristics throughout its entire life cycle, so that the energy dissipation performance does not decrease due to material degradation; on the other hand, the physical wrapping of the sealant layer by the spring piece 4 forms a mechanical protective barrier, avoiding direct damage to the sealant from tool scratches during installation, sand and dust abrasion during long-term operation, and micro-friction between panels. At the same time, the interference fit of the spring piece 4 sidewall 42 provides continuous lateral constraint pressure for the sealant layer, enhancing the adhesion reliability between the sealant and the mating part 11 interface, and preventing sealing failure caused by sealant layer debonding under alternating stress.

[0031] Furthermore, the clearance fit design between the longitudinal notch 43 and the auxiliary elastic element 5 also endows the composite interface with adaptive adjustment capability. Due to the weakened stiffness in the notch area, the sidewall 42 of the spring sheet 4 is more likely to undergo flexible deformation in response to the slight misalignment of the photovoltaic panel 1, avoiding stress concentration caused by rigid constraints; the clearance fit between the auxiliary elastic element 5 and the sidewall 42 allows the two to slip relative to each other during vibration, dissipating additional energy through interface friction, while reserving space for the thermal expansion and contraction and creep deformation of the sealant layer, preventing the accumulation of internal stress caused by volume changes.

[0032] Of course, the above are just typical examples of the present invention. In addition, the present invention may have many other specific embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular photovoltaic support frame, comprising a photovoltaic panel and a support arm, wherein the frame edge of the photovoltaic panel is provided with a mating part, characterized in that, The support arm is provided with a limiting block, the limiting block has a main body and a horizontal elastic arm extending from the main body, the free end of the horizontal elastic arm is configured to form a mechanical coupling with the mating part, and the horizontal elastic arm can absorb horizontal vibration energy through elastic buckling deformation in a direction parallel to the photovoltaic panel plane. A vertical elastic element is provided between the support arm and the limiting block, and the vertical elastic element is used to provide a buffer force perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel; The horizontal elastic arm and / or the vertical elastic element are in a pre-compressed or pre-stretched state in the installed state to provide initial constraint stiffness.

2. The modular photovoltaic support structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting block, which is disposed in the corner intersection area of ​​adjacent photovoltaic panels and is used to connect the support arm located in the corner intersection area; The connecting block has an installation interface, which is arranged at preset angles around the center of the connecting block; the end of the support arm has a mating structure that is adapted to the installation interface, and the support arm is detachably connected through the mating structure.

3. The modular photovoltaic support structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting interface is a threaded hole, and the mating structure is a countersunk through hole at the end of the support arm. The support arm is fastened to the threaded hole by a bolt passing through the countersunk through hole.

4. The modular photovoltaic support structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a spring sheet, which is disposed between adjacent photovoltaic panels. The spring sheet includes a top deformation section and sidewalls extending downward from both ends of the deformation section. The sidewalls of the spring sheet abut or snap into the mating parts of two adjacent photovoltaic panels respectively. The deformation segment provides vertical buffering force and / or absorbs lateral vibration energy through elastic deformation.

5. The modular photovoltaic support structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-sectional profile of the deformed segment is arc-shaped or V-shaped with a rounded transition.

6. The modular photovoltaic support structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The sidewall of the spring sheet has a preset outward expansion in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the photovoltaic panel when in a free state, so that when the spring sheet is installed between the mating parts of two adjacent photovoltaic panels, the sidewall and the mating parts form an interference fit; so that the spring sheet can fill the assembly gap between adjacent photovoltaic panels while retaining an elastic buckling margin for absorbing lateral vibration energy.

7. The modular photovoltaic support structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary elastic element, which is disposed between adjacent photovoltaic panels and mechanically coupled with the spring sheet; under lateral vibration load, the auxiliary elastic element and the spring sheet undergo elastic deformation synchronously to dissipate vibration energy together.

8. The modular photovoltaic support structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, At least one longitudinal notch is provided on the sidewall of the spring sheet along the length direction. The longitudinal notch makes the lateral stiffness of the sidewall in the area where the notch is located lower than that in the non-notch area, forming a stiffness weakening zone. The auxiliary elastic element is embedded in the longitudinal notch, and the auxiliary elastic element is in clearance fit with the sidewall in the stiffness weakening zone so as to dissipate energy through internal material damping under lateral vibration.

9. The modular photovoltaic support structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The auxiliary elastic element is a sealant layer, which fills the mating parts between adjacent photovoltaic panels; The spring forms a light-shielding area between the mating parts of adjacent photovoltaic panels, and the sealant layer is located within the light-shielding area.

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