A high efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system

Abstract

This invention provides a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system, including a floating unit with a supporting beam. A bifacial photovoltaic module is mounted on the supporting beam. A connecting rod is suspended below the floating unit, and a detachable mounting plate is attached to the side of the connecting rod away from the bifacial photovoltaic module. A reflector is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate facing the bifacial photovoltaic module. The floating unit has a hollowed-out section below the bifacial photovoltaic module to allow reflected light from the reflector to reach the back of the bifacial photovoltaic module. A ballast tank is provided inside the floating unit. This invention floats the bifacial photovoltaic system on the water surface using a floating unit. A reflector connected underwater by the mounting plate and connecting rod reflects light entering the water back to the bifacial photovoltaic system. The ballast tank allows operators to easily adjust the floating unit's attitude based on the local solar incidence angle and water wave height, thereby improving the light energy utilization efficiency and overall power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic equipment technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, common floating photovoltaic systems mainly rely on pontoons to support planar modules, receiving solar radiation at a fixed angle in a single direction. While this structure can effectively reduce land occupation and provide some cooling effect in aquatic environments, its light energy utilization rate is low, especially when the solar altitude angle varies significantly, as the back side cannot effectively receive secondary sunlight. Furthermore, traditional support structures are prone to fatigue damage due to wave disturbances, wind loads, and salt corrosion, resulting in limited system resistance to wind and waves and long-term stability.

[0003] On the other hand, while existing technologies have attempted to introduce reflectors or optical focusing elements to improve light capture efficiency, these are mostly limited to land-based fixed systems. Such designs often fail to adequately consider floating stability and reflector optical control in marine and high-albedo environments. Fixed-angle reflectors experience a sharp decrease in reflection efficiency when the solar altitude angle varies significantly, while active tracking devices are difficult to use long-term in marine environments due to high cost and insufficient waterproof reliability. Furthermore, although some floating systems possess certain adjustment mechanisms, they fail to achieve synergistic optimization of optical reflection and structural balance, resulting in limited overall system energy gain.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a novel photovoltaic system is urgently needed that combines structural stability, optical adjustability, and environmental adaptability. This system should be able to operate stably under dynamic water surface conditions, wind and wave disturbances, and high humidity and salinity conditions. Simultaneously, a rationally designed reflector mechanism should enhance back-side illumination, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency and overall power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic modules. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system, including a floating unit with a supporting beam on it. A bifacial photovoltaic module is mounted on the supporting beam. A connecting rod is suspended below the floating unit. A detachable mounting plate is provided on the side of the connecting rod away from the bifacial photovoltaic unit. A reflector is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate facing the bifacial photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the floating unit has a hollowed-out section below the bifacial photovoltaic module to allow the reflected light from the reflector to illuminate the back of the bifacial photovoltaic module. The floating body unit is equipped with a ballast tank.

[0007] This invention floats a bifacial photovoltaic system on the water surface by setting up a floating unit, and reflects the light entering the water into the bifacial photovoltaic system by setting up a reflector underwater by a hanging plate and connecting rod. By setting up a ballast tank, it is convenient for the staff to adjust the attitude of the floating unit according to the local solar incidence angle and water wave height, thereby improving the light energy utilization efficiency and overall power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic module.

[0008] Optionally, the distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 50-150cm; The suspension plate is detachably connected to the connecting rod, and the tilt angle of the suspension plate relative to the horizontal is adjustable, so as to adjust the tilt angle of the reflector relative to the horizontal and then fix it to the connecting rod. The tilt angle adjustment range of the reflector relative to the horizontal is set to 10° to 30°.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting rod and the bearing beam are hinged together, and a damper is provided at the hinge position; The lifting plate is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and a slide rail is provided on the side of the lifting plate away from the reflector, on which a movable ballast is slidably connected.

[0010] Furthermore, the tilt angle adjustment range of the suspension plate relative to the horizontal is set to -15° to 30°; where the negative sign indicates tilting to the other side; The distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 80-250cm.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a sunlight tracking component, which includes a light sensor disposed on the buoy unit, and the light sensor is electrically or wirelessly connected to a controller; A mirror angle adjustment assembly is provided between the connecting rod and the suspension plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the mirror angle adjustment assembly includes a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being axially arranged in the east-west direction; The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and a servo motor is connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The servo motor is electrically or wirelessly connected to the controller. The tilt angle adjustment range of the suspension plate relative to the horizontal is set to -30° to 30°; where the negative sign indicates tilting to the other side. The distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 60-300cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the mirror angle adjustment assembly includes an electric universal joint disposed between the connecting rod and the suspension plate, for controlling the suspension plate to drive the reflector to rotate along the east-west axis and the north-south axis; The electric universal joint is electrically connected to the controller; The range of rotation angle of the suspension plate along the east-west axis is -40° to 40°; the range of rotation angle of the suspension plate along the north-south axis is -45° to 45°; where the negative sign indicates tilting to the other side; The distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 100-600cm.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an attitude detection component, which includes a wave disturbance sensing unit and a wind speed and direction sensor disposed on the floating body unit; a mirror position sensor is disposed at the end of the connecting rod near the reflector assembly; The wave disturbance sensing unit includes a triaxial accelerometer, an inclinometer, and a wave height radar. The wave disturbance sensing unit, the wind speed and direction sensor and the mirror position sensor are all electrically or wirelessly connected to a control unit. The lifting plate includes a center plate and multiple segmented plates. The center plate is connected to the reflector angle adjustment component, and the multiple segmented plates are symmetrically arranged on the north and south sides of the center plate. The center plate and the segmented plates, as well as the multiple segmented plates, are rotatably connected, and each rotatable connection position is independently controlled by a small servo motor. Each small servo motor is electrically connected to a controller. The reflector is configured in conjunction with the segmented plate in multiple segments, and each reflector segment is fixedly mounted on a segmented plate facing the floating unit; the multiple reflector segments are configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple segmented plates.

[0015] Furthermore, the distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 50–300 cm; The tilt angle of each segment plate relative to the horizontal direction is set to a range of -30° to 30°.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a water surface scattering intensity monitoring unit, which includes an albedo sensor and a shortwave scattering sensor disposed at the leading edge of the floating body unit. Both the albedo sensor and the prime number shortwave scattering sensor are electrically or wirelessly connected to the controller.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system according to the present invention; Figure 4 According to the present invention, a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the rotation axis distribution of the reflector in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system according to the present invention; Figure 6 According to the present invention, a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the rotation axis distribution of the reflector in the embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system according to the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Floating unit; 110. Ballast tank; 200. Bearing beam; 300. Bifacial photovoltaic module; 400. Connecting rod; 410. Damper; 500. Lifting plate; 600. Reflector; 610. Slide rail; 620. Moving ballast; 700. Light tracking component; 710. Mirror angle adjustment component; 800. Wave disturbance sensing unit; 900. Wind speed and direction sensor; 1000. Mirror position sensor; 1100. Water surface scattering intensity monitoring unit. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] This invention proposes a high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system, as described below. Figures 1 to 7 Please provide a detailed explanation.

[0022] A high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system includes a floating body unit 100, a supporting beam 200 on the floating body unit 100, a bifacial photovoltaic module 300 on the supporting beam 200, and a cable of the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 that can be fixed on the supporting beam 200. A connecting rod 400 is suspended below the floating unit 100. A detachable hanging plate 500 is installed on the side of the connecting rod 400 away from the bifacial photovoltaic unit. A reflector 600 is fixedly installed on the side of the hanging plate 500 facing the bifacial photovoltaic module 300. The floating unit 100 is hollowed out below the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 so that the reflected light from the reflector 600 can illuminate the back of the bifacial photovoltaic module 300. The floating unit 100 is equipped with a ballast tank 110. The ballast tank 110 can be adjusted by adding counterweights inside, or it can be a cavity set in the ballast tank and the center of gravity can be adjusted by injecting water of different weights into the cavity. Thus, the elevation angle of the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 can be adjusted by adjusting the attitude of the floating unit 100.

[0023] This invention floats the bifacial photovoltaic system on the water surface by setting up a floating unit 100, and reflects the light entering the water into the bifacial photovoltaic system by setting up a reflector 600 connected by a lifting plate 500 and a connecting rod 400 underwater. By setting up a ballast tank 110, it is convenient for the staff to adjust the attitude of the floating unit 100 according to the local solar incidence angle and water wave height, thereby improving the light energy utilization efficiency and overall power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic module 300.

[0024] Specifically, the floating unit 100 is composed of several pontoons or pontoons to form a modular floating body. It can be HDPE integral blow-molded hollow pontoons, glass fiber reinforced composite (FRP) closed-cell floating bodies, or water-filled / air-filled composite structures. The floating bodies are connected to each other by stainless steel / aluminum alloy connecting rods or flexible expansion joints to form an array. The floating unit 100 needs to leave a hollow position below the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 so that the reflected light from the reflector 600 can enter the back of the bifacial photovoltaic module 300. The floating unit 100 must bear the weight of the photovoltaic module, the mirror body, wind load and wave moment, and have a safety margin (usually a safety factor of 1.5–2.0). The load-bearing beam 200 is made of aluminum alloy (6061-T6) or stainless steel (316L) combined with FRP composite material, and the surface is coated with anti-corrosion coating (PVDF or hot spray zinc + organic coating).

[0025] Bifacial modules are available in the following options: bifacial perovskite, bifacial crystalline silicon (double glass / backsheet light transmission), or bifacial heterogeneous perovskite / bifacial crystalline silicon tandem modules. An angle-adjustable bracket is provided between the supporting beam 200 and the bifacial photovoltaic module 300. The angle-adjustable bracket is used to adjust the elevation angle of the bifacial photovoltaic module 300, and the angle adjustment range is within ±15° to ±30°. The positive and negative signs only indicate that the adjustment direction is opposite, and the specific angle adjustment can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0026] The mirror structure of the 600 reflector consists of a mirror substrate + a reflective layer + an anti-corrosion encapsulation layer. The substrate can be a lightweight honeycomb aluminum panel, FRP, or polycarbonate (PC) board. The reflective layer can be a metallized film (such as aluminum, silver, or metallized polyester film) or a silvered glass / plastic mirror; the encapsulation layer uses a transparent weather-resistant coating (such as SiO2 / fluoride composite film or PVDF transparent film) to prevent corrosion and scratches. The shape and geometry of the reflector 600: The mirror surface can be a planar rectangle, a slightly curved surface (with a slight curvature to expand the incident angle receiving area), or a segmented adjustable polygonal reflector. The mirror surface size matches the component area (e.g., the mirror width is approximately 0.8–1.2 times the component width, and the length is designed according to the array). In one embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 1 The mirrors are installed at a fixed angle and do not track sunlight in real time. This is suitable for cost-sensitive and maintenance-constrained scenarios (such as small water surface arrays); specifically: The spacing between the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 and the reflector 600 is set to 50-150cm; The suspension plate 500 and the connecting rod 400 are detachably connected, and the tilt angle of the suspension plate 500 relative to the horizontal is adjustable to adjust the tilt angle of the reflector 600 relative to the horizontal before fixing it to the connecting rod 400; the tilt angle of the reflector 600 is determined according to the average annual solar altitude angle of the design location. If the component is placed horizontally (back side down), the goal is to tilt it slightly during the morning / evening hours to increase back illumination at low solar altitude angles; At this time, the tilt angle adjustment range of the reflector 600 relative to the horizontal is set to 10°~30°.

[0027] This embodiment has a simple structure, no controls, and requires little maintenance. It is suitable for scenarios including small reservoirs, experimental verification platforms, and demonstration projects with limited budgets.

[0028] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2To adapt to changes in wind and waves, a structure for passively adjusting the angle of the reflector 600 is added. The mirror surface of the reflector 600 is connected to the floating body unit 100 via a hinge. A movable ballast 620 or buoyancy cavity is provided at the lower part of the mirror body. When external forces (waves, gravity) or water levels change, the mirror surface passively changes its angle to seek a stable attitude. At the same time, it has a passive response to solar incidence (not precise tracking, but it can obtain good reflection at different solar altitudes). Specifically, the connecting rod 400 and the bearing beam 200 are hinged together, and a damper 410 is provided at the hinge position. The lifting plate 500 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 400, and a slide rail 610 is provided on the side of the lifting plate 500 away from the reflector 600. A movable ballast 620 or a buoyancy cavity is slidably connected on the slide rail 610. When it is necessary to adjust the center of gravity, the weight of the movable ballast 620 can be adjusted, or water can be injected or released into the buoyancy cavity to achieve the adjustment of the center.

[0029] Furthermore, the tilt angle adjustment range of the suspension plate 500 relative to the horizontal is set to -15° to 30°; where the negative sign indicates tilting to the other side; The spacing between the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 and the reflector 600 is set to 80-250cm (limited by the hinge height).

[0030] This embodiment is non-electrically driven, can automatically cope with waves and wind loads, and has high reliability. It is suitable for medium and large-sized floating power stations and occasions where safety is the priority in harsh sea conditions.

[0031] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 3 to 6 It also includes a sunlight tracking component, which includes a light sensor disposed on the floating body unit 100, and the light sensor is electrically or wirelessly connected to a controller. A mirror angle adjustment component 710 is provided between the connecting rod 400 and the suspension plate 500.

[0032] The solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle are obtained by the light sensor. The controller obtains the solar incident light vector according to the solar position algorithm (SPA) and controls the reflector to adjust the angle by 600 degrees according to the solar incident light vector.

[0033] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figures 3 to 4 Taking into account the variation of the angle of sunlight incidence, the mirror is driven by an electric linear actuator or servo along an axis (usually an east-west axis) and adjusted in timed / segmented manner according to the sun's altitude or azimuth throughout the day (e.g., every 30 minutes or hour). The control strategy aims to maximize the back light flux, but does not need to be so precise as to track continuously in real time. The mirror angle adjustment assembly 710 includes a rotation axis that is axially set in the east-west direction. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 500, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 400. A servo motor is connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The controller controls the rotation of the servo motor to control the rotation of the reflector 600 and adjust its angle. The servo motor is electrically or wirelessly connected to the controller. The tilt angle adjustment range of the lifting plate 500 relative to the horizontal is set to -30° to 30°, and its end angle limit is executed by a servo motor; where the negative sign indicates tilting to the other side. The spacing between the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 and the reflector 600 is set to 60-300cm (100-250cm is commonly used to facilitate wiring and actuator installation).

[0034] Adjustment frequency: every 15–60 minutes (depending on project cost / benefit trade-offs).

[0035] This embodiment offers higher energy gain than fixed or passive solutions, with moderate system complexity and cost. It is suitable for projects where cost is acceptable and the goal is to increase returns while controlling complexity.

[0036] In another embodiment, refer to Figures 5 to 6 Considering the azimuth angle shift of the sun's position, an east-west rotation effect is added to the reflector 600. The mirror surface is precisely calculated and adjusted in real time according to the sun's position (azimuth angle and elevation angle) and the module's attitude, so that the reflected light can maximize the illumination of the central area on the back of the bifacial photovoltaic module 300. Specifically, the mirror angle adjustment assembly 710 includes an electric universal joint set between the connecting rod 400 and the suspension plate 500, which controls the suspension plate 500 to drive the reflector 600 to rotate along the east-west axis and the north-south axis. Electrical connection between the electric universal joint and the controller is configured; In this embodiment, the mirror surface of the reflector 600 can rotate along two orthogonal axes under the action of the electric universal joint, thereby facilitating the precise adjustment of the reflected light input axis according to the solar incident light vector, and ensuring that the reflected light maximizes the illumination of the back of the bifacial photovoltaic module 300. Furthermore, the range of rotation angle of the suspension plate 500 along the east-west axis is -40° to 40°; the range of rotation angle of the suspension plate 500 along the north-south axis is -45° to 45°; where the negative sign indicates tilting to the other side; The spacing between the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 and the reflector 600 is set to 100-600cm.

[0037] This embodiment offers the highest optical benefits and maintains optimal reflection under different sun positions throughout the day. It is suitable for large-scale commercial projects at sea and sites that require maximum returns and can afford maintenance costs.

[0038] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7 In order to maximize the recovery of diffuse light in the water and to make targeted adjustments to the reflector 600 according to the water ripples, the reflector 600 is set to multiple segments, so that diffuse light can be collected and reflected to the back of the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 to the maximum extent under waves. Specifically, it also includes an attitude detection component, which includes a wave disturbance sensing unit 800 and a wind speed and direction sensor 900 disposed on the floating body unit 100; a mirror position sensor 1000 is disposed at one end of the connecting rod 400 near the reflector 600 component. The wave disturbance sensing unit 800 includes a triaxial accelerometer, an inclinometer, and a wave height radar; The wave disturbance sensing unit 800, wind speed and direction sensor 900, and mirror position sensor 1000 are all electrically or wirelessly connected to a control unit. The lifting plate 500 includes a center plate and multiple segmented plates. The center plate is connected to the angle adjustment component of the reflector 600. The multiple segmented plates are symmetrically arranged on the north and south sides of the center plate. The center plate and the segmented plates, as well as the multiple segmented plates, are rotatably connected. Each rotatable connection position is independently controlled by a small servo motor. Each small servo motor is electrically connected to the controller. The reflector 600 is configured with multiple segments in conjunction with the segmented plate, and each reflector 600 segment is fixedly installed on the side of the segmented plate facing the floating unit 100; the multiple reflector segments 600 are configured one-to-one with the multiple segmented plates; Furthermore, the distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module 300 and the reflector 600 is set to 50-300cm; The tilt angle of each segment plate relative to the horizontal direction is set to a range of -30° to 30°.

[0039] This embodiment is flexible, fault-resistant, and can improve average returns under wave conditions; local repair costs are low, and it is suitable for medium to large arrays and engineered deployments that require a balance between safety and returns.

[0040] In some embodiments, a water surface scattering intensity monitoring unit 1100 is also included. The water surface scattering intensity monitoring unit 1100 includes an albedo sensor and a shortwave scattering sensor disposed at the leading edge of the float unit 100. Both the albedo sensor and the prime shortwave scattering sensor are electrically or wirelessly connected to the controller. Further analysis of the water scattering light under wave conditions provides angle correction for actively controlling the angle of the reflector 600 under wave conditions.

[0041] In some embodiments, in order to monitor the position of the reflector in real time during various active control processes, a mirror position sensor 1000 is provided at the end of the connecting rod 400 near the reflector 600.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system, characterized by, The system includes a floating body unit, on which a supporting beam is mounted, and on which a bifacial photovoltaic module is mounted. A connecting rod is suspended below the floating body unit, and a detachable mounting plate is mounted on the side of the connecting rod away from the bifacial photovoltaic module. A reflector is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate facing the bifacial photovoltaic module. The floating body unit is also hollowed out below the bifacial photovoltaic module so that the reflected light from the reflector can illuminate the back of the bifacial photovoltaic module. A ballast tank is provided inside the floating body unit.

2. A high efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 50-150cm; The suspension plate is detachably connected to the connecting rod, and the tilt angle of the suspension plate relative to the horizontal is adjustable, so as to adjust the tilt angle of the reflector relative to the horizontal and then fix it to the connecting rod. The tilt angle adjustment range of the reflector relative to the horizontal is set to 10° to 30°.

3. A high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod and the bearing beam are hinged together by a hinge, and a damper is provided at the hinge position; The lifting plate is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and a slide rail is provided on the side of the lifting plate away from the reflector, on which a movable ballast is slidably connected.

4. A high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The tilt angle adjustment range of the suspension plate relative to the horizontal is set to -15° to 30°; where the negative sign indicates tilting to the other side. The distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 80-250cm.

5. A high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system as described in any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that, It also includes a sunlight tracking component, which includes a light sensor disposed on the buoy unit, and the light sensor is electrically or wirelessly connected to a controller; A mirror angle adjustment assembly is provided between the connecting rod and the suspension plate.

6. A high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The mirror angle adjustment assembly includes a rotating shaft, which is axially arranged in the east-west direction; The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and a servo motor is connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The servo motor is electrically or wirelessly connected to the controller. The tilt angle adjustment range of the suspension plate relative to the horizontal is set to -30° to 30°; where the negative sign indicates tilting to the other side. The distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 60-300cm.

7. A high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The mirror angle adjustment assembly includes an electric universal joint set between the connecting rod and the suspension plate, which controls the suspension plate to drive the reflector to rotate along the east-west axis and the north-south axis; The electric universal joint is electrically connected to the controller; The range of rotation angle of the suspension plate along the east-west axis is -40° to 40°; the range of rotation angle of the suspension plate along the north-south axis is -45° to 45°; where the negative sign indicates tilting to the other side; The distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 100-600cm.

8. A high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system as described in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, It also includes an attitude detection component, which includes a wave disturbance sensing unit and a wind speed and direction sensor disposed on the floating body unit; a mirror position sensor is disposed at the end of the connecting rod near the reflector assembly. The wave disturbance sensing unit includes a triaxial accelerometer, an inclinometer, and a wave height radar. The wave disturbance sensing unit, the wind speed and direction sensor and the mirror position sensor are all electrically or wirelessly connected to a control unit. The lifting plate includes a center plate and multiple segmented plates. The center plate is connected to the reflector angle adjustment component, and the multiple segmented plates are symmetrically arranged on the north and south sides of the center plate. The center plate and the segmented plates, as well as the multiple segmented plates, are rotatably connected, and each rotatable connection position is independently controlled by a small servo motor. Each small servo motor is electrically connected to a controller. The reflector is configured in conjunction with the segmented plate in multiple segments, and each reflector segment is fixedly mounted on a segmented plate facing the floating unit; the multiple reflector segments are configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple segmented plates.

9. A high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The distance between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the reflector is set to 50-300 cm; The tilt angle of each segment plate relative to the horizontal direction is set to a range of -30° to 30°.

10. A high-efficiency bifacial photovoltaic system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a water surface scattering intensity monitoring unit, which includes an albedo sensor and a shortwave scattering sensor disposed at the leading edge of the floating body unit. Both the albedo sensor and the prime number shortwave scattering sensor are electrically or wirelessly connected to the controller.

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