Anti-seismic and wind pressure resistant photovoltaic support

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation equipment technology, specifically relating to a shock-resistant and wind-pressure-resistant photovoltaic support frame, including a main frame and photovoltaic panels. The main frame has a connecting assembly, and a column assembly is located below the connecting assembly. A stabilizing device is located below the main frame. The stabilizing device includes a fixing plate with a fixing frame on it. A first inner frame is located within the fixing frame, and a second inner frame is rotatably connected to the first inner frame. A motor is fixedly connected to the second inner frame, with its output end fixedly connected to a rotor, and the other end of the rotor rotatably connected to the second inner frame. This invention achieves adaptive adjustment of the support frame stiffness through the collaboration of a permanent magnet connecting assembly and wind pressure and acceleration sensors. Under normal operating conditions, high stiffness is maintained to ensure the positioning accuracy of the photovoltaic panels; under strong wind conditions, forward energization enhances the permanent magnet attraction and activates the gyro stabilizing device to prevent overturning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation equipment technology, specifically relating to a photovoltaic support structure that is resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic (PV) mounting systems are core structural components in photovoltaic (PV) power plants used to support and fix PV modules. Current technologies primarily employ rigid connection structures, consisting of columns, diagonal braces, and crossbeams. However, existing PV mounting systems present a fundamental technical contradiction: wind pressure resistance requires high rigidity to limit module displacement and prevent microcracks in the solar cells, while seismic resistance requires low rigidity (flexibility) to extend the natural vibration period and reduce seismic response acceleration. These two conflicting requirements make it difficult for traditional rigid mounting systems to simultaneously meet both wind and seismic resistance requirements.

[0003] To address the aforementioned contradiction, existing technologies primarily employ the following solutions: First, increasing the column wall thickness and densifying the diagonal bracing to enhance structural redundancy; however, this simultaneously increases stiffness and mass, exacerbating seismic response. Second, adding rubber pads or springs at joints to provide flexibility; however, excessive component displacement under strong winds can lead to fatigue failure of elastic elements. Third, adding viscoelastic or friction dampers; however, their fixed parameters cannot be adaptively adjusted according to working conditions. Fourth, installing a seismic isolation layer between the columns and the foundation; however, this only isolates earthquakes and cannot cope with strong wind conditions. None of these solutions fundamentally resolves the contradiction between wind resistance and seismic resistance requirements for stiffness.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies lack a photovoltaic support structure that can adaptively switch stiffness characteristics according to the type of external excitation, and there is an urgent need for a photovoltaic support structure that is resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in the existing technology, the present invention provides a photovoltaic support structure that is earthquake-resistant and wind-pressure resistant, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A photovoltaic support structure that is earthquake-resistant and wind-pressure resistant includes a main frame and photovoltaic panels. The main frame is provided with a connecting component, a column component is provided below the connecting component, and a stabilizing device is provided below the main frame. The stabilizing device includes a fixed plate, a fixed frame on the fixed plate, a first inner frame inside the fixed frame, a second inner frame rotatably connected to the first inner frame, a motor fixedly connected to the second inner frame, the output end of the motor being fixedly connected to the rotor, and the other end of the rotor being rotatably connected to the second inner frame. The connecting assembly includes a permanent magnet chuck assembly and an anti-detachment ball joint, which are installed side by side with the permanent magnet chuck assembly; the column assembly is provided with a composite vibration isolation support, which includes a shape memory alloy part and a lead core rubber layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed plate is provided with a bearing seat, which is rotatably connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is set on the first inner frame; the fixed frame is provided with a bearing, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the bearing.

[0008] Furthermore, the main frame is provided with a mesh frame, and a mounting bracket is provided on the lower side of the mesh frame, with a fixing plate fixedly connected to the mounting bracket.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting assembly also includes an armature mounting post installed on the main frame. The armature mounting post is equipped with a permanent magnet chuck assembly, which includes an armature, a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic coil. One end of the armature is connected to the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is equipped with an electromagnetic coil.

[0010] Furthermore, the column assembly includes a foundation connection plate, on which a column is provided, and at one end of the column is a composite seismic isolation bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower side of the connecting assembly is connected to an upper connecting plate, the lower side of the upper connecting plate is provided with a composite vibration isolation support, and the upper end of the upper connecting plate is provided with an anti-detachment ball hinge.

[0012] Furthermore, the mesh frame is equipped with a wind pressure sensor and an acceleration sensor. The permanent magnet chuck assembly, the wind pressure sensor, and the acceleration sensor are electrically connected to the controller, which is mounted on the mesh frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the first inner frame is connected by a vertical axis provided on the second inner frame; the vertical axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotating shaft is parallel to the mesh frame, and an electromagnetic brake is provided on the rotating shaft, which is electrically connected to the controller.

[0015] Furthermore, the composite seismic isolation bearing comprises, from bottom to top, a shape memory alloy wire bundle layer and a lead core rubber layer. The shape memory alloy wire bundle layer and the lead core rubber layer are vulcanized and bonded together. The composite seismic isolation bearing is fixedly connected to the column and the upper connecting plate by a central through bolt.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By coordinating permanent magnet connection components with wind pressure and acceleration sensors, the rigidity of the support structure can be adaptively adjusted. Under normal operating conditions, high rigidity is maintained to ensure the positioning accuracy of the photovoltaic panels; under strong wind conditions, forward energization enhances the permanent magnet attraction and activates the gyro stabilization device to prevent overturning; under earthquake conditions, reverse energization demagnetizes and releases rigid constraints, achieving flexible seismic isolation, fundamentally resolving the contradiction between the need for high rigidity for wind resistance and the need for low rigidity for earthquake resistance. 2. Highly efficient anti-tipping performance under strong wind conditions is achieved through multi-stage synergy of a gyroscopic stabilization device, permanent magnet connection components, and anti-detachment ball joints. In the gyroscopic stabilization device, the high-speed rotation of the rotor generates a gyroscopic torque opposite to the overturning torque; the permanent magnet connection components provide direct connection stiffness; and the anti-detachment ball joints serve as a safety redundancy to maintain the connection. Through this multi-stage synergy, the reliability and stability of the photovoltaic support system in strong wind environments are significantly improved. 3. The composite seismic isolation bearing dissipates seismic energy through a lead-core rubber layer and provides superelastic restoring force through shape memory alloy wire bundles, effectively reducing the transmission of seismic acceleration and shear force at the bottom of the column, achieving efficient dissipation of seismic energy and automatic post-earthquake reset of the structure. The main frame mesh frame enhances the structural strength, and the connecting components are firmly connected and have good adaptability. Each component is easy to install, and the composite seismic isolation bearing is easy to disassemble and maintain, and can be adapted to different specifications of photovoltaic panels and installation environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a photovoltaic support structure that is resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a stabilization device for a photovoltaic support structure that is resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure, according to the present invention. Figure 3 A half-section view of the stabilizing device; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rotating structure of the stabilizing device; The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Main frame; 11. Foundation connection plate; 12. Column; 13. Upper connection plate; 14. Mesh frame; 15. Mounting frame; 2. Photovoltaic panel; 3. Connecting assembly; 31. Armature mounting column; 32. Armature; 33. Permanent magnet; 34. Anti-detachment ball hinge; 35. Connecting assembly; 46. Stabilizing device; 47. Fixing frame; 48. First inner frame; 49. Second inner frame; 40. Rotor; 41. Motor; 42. Rotating shaft; 43. Bearing seat; 44. Fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0020] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present application. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 4, the present invention provides a photovoltaic support structure that is resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure, comprising a main frame 1 and a photovoltaic panel 2. A connecting component 3 is provided on the main frame 1, a column component is provided on the lower side of the connecting component 3, and a stabilizing device 4 is provided on the lower side of the main frame 1. A stabilizing device 4 is disposed on the lower side of the main frame 1 to provide anti-overturning stiffness. The stabilizing device 4 includes a fixing plate 48, on which a fixing frame 41 is fixed. A first inner frame 42 is provided inside the fixing frame 41, and a second inner frame 43 is rotatably connected to the first inner frame 42. The first inner frame 42 is connected to the second inner frame 43 through a vertical axis provided on the second inner frame 43, which is perpendicular to the rotation axis 46. The first inner frame 42 and the second inner frame 43 constitute a universal support structure, allowing the second inner frame 43 to rotate freely about two orthogonal axes.

[0023] A motor 45 is fixedly connected to the second inner frame 43, and the output end of the motor 45 is fixedly connected to the rotor 44. The rotor 44 is a disc-shaped high-speed flywheel, driven to rotate at high speed by the motor 45. The other end of the rotor 44 is rotatably connected to the second inner frame 43 through a bearing. The rotating shaft 46 is parallel to the mesh frame 14, and an electromagnetic brake is provided on the rotating shaft 46. The electromagnetic brake is electrically connected to the controller and is used to control the precession damping. The connecting component 3 includes a permanent magnet chuck assembly and an anti-detachment ball joint 34, which are mounted side by side with the permanent magnet chuck assembly on the main frame 1. The connecting component 3 also includes an armature mounting post 31 welded to the main frame 1. The armature mounting post 31 is equipped with a permanent magnet chuck assembly, which includes an armature 32, a permanent magnet 33 and an electromagnetic coil. One end of the armature 32 is magnetically fixed to the permanent magnet 33. An electromagnetic coil is wound on the permanent magnet 33 and is electrically connected to the controller.

[0024] The column assembly includes a foundation connection plate 11, which is fixed to the foundation by anchor bolts. A column 12 is welded to the foundation connection plate 11, and a composite seismic isolation bearing is provided at the top of the column 12. An upper connection plate 13 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the connection assembly 3. A composite seismic isolation bearing is provided on the lower side of the upper connection plate 13. An anti-detachment ball joint 34 is fixed to the upper end of the upper connection plate 13 by bolts. The upper end of the anti-detachment ball joint 34 is connected to the main frame 1. The anti-detachment ball joint 34 includes a ball head and a ball socket. The ball head is fixed to the lower end of the main frame 1 by bolts, and the ball socket is fixed to the upper end of the upper connection plate 13 by bolts. The ball head is wrapped and limited by the ball socket, allowing relative rotation but restricting axial detachment.

[0025] The composite seismic isolation bearing consists of, from bottom to top, a shape memory alloy wire bundle layer and a lead-core rubber layer. The shape memory alloy wire bundle layer and the lead-core rubber layer are bonded together through a vulcanization process. The shape memory alloy wire bundle layer is composed of multiple NiTi shape memory alloy wires arranged radially. The lead-core rubber layer is a laminated rubber bearing containing a lead core. The composite seismic isolation bearing is fixedly connected to the column 12 and the upper connecting plate 13 by a central through bolt, ensuring a firm connection. The permanent magnet 33 is made of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) material, with an upper operating temperature limit of 150℃, and its surface is treated with a NiCuNi three-layer electroplating. The shape memory alloy wire bundle is made of NiTi shape memory alloy, with an austenite finish temperature of 15℃, and is in a superelastic state at room temperature. The lead-core rubber layer adopts a composite structure of natural rubber and lead core.

[0026] Furthermore, two bearing seats 47 are fixed to both sides of the fixed plate 48 by bolts. The bearing seats 47 are rotatably connected to one end of the rotating shaft 46. The rotating shaft 46 is welded to the opposite sides of the first inner frame 42. The fixed frame 41 is provided with a bearing, and the rotating shaft 46 is rotatably connected inside the bearing. The rotating shaft 46 is parallel to the mesh frame 14, and an electromagnetic brake is provided on the rotating shaft 46. The electromagnetic brake is electrically connected to the controller.

[0027] Furthermore, a mesh frame 14 is welded onto the main frame 1. The mesh frame 14 is made of stainless steel to enhance the structural strength of the main frame 1. A mounting bracket 15 is welded to the lower side of the mesh frame 14. A fixing plate 48 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 15 by bolts. A wind pressure sensor, a controller, and an acceleration sensor are fixed to the mesh frame 14 by brackets. The wind pressure sensor is installed on the windward edge of the mesh frame 14, and the acceleration sensor is installed at the four corners of the mesh frame 14. The controller is electrically connected to the permanent magnet chuck assembly, wind pressure sensor, acceleration sensor, motor 45, and electromagnetic brake to achieve automatic control. The controller has preset wind pressure and acceleration thresholds. It collects wind pressure and acceleration signals in real time. When the root mean square value of acceleration exceeds the threshold, it is determined to be an earthquake condition; when the wind pressure value exceeds the threshold, it is determined to be a strong wind condition; and when both are below the thresholds, it is determined to be a normal condition.

[0028] In terms of specific control principles, under normal operating conditions, when the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, the permanent magnet 33 remains engaged, and the main frame 1 is rigidly connected to the column assembly, resulting in high system rigidity. The rotor 44 operates at low speed in standby mode. The anti-detachment ball joint 34 is in a relaxed state and is not subjected to force. In the event of an unexpected power outage, the permanent magnet 33 remains engaged, maintaining the system's high rigidity and ensuring safety.

[0029] When encountering strong winds, if the measured wind pressure exceeds the threshold, the controller is energized in the forward direction to enhance the attraction of the permanent magnet 33, increasing the connection stiffness; the rotor 44 accelerates to the rated speed, the electromagnetic brake applies precession damping, and the precession of the rotor 44 generates gyroscopic torque to help resist the wind overturning torque. The anti-detachment ball joint 34 remains in a relaxed state.

[0030] When an earthquake occurs, if the measured acceleration exceeds the threshold, the controller is demagnetized by reverse power. The attraction of the permanent magnet 33 is canceled, the permanent magnet connection assembly disengages, and the rigid constraint between the main frame 1 and the column assembly is released. At this time, the anti-detachment ball joint 34 becomes the only connection between the main frame 1 and the column assembly, allowing the main frame 1 to swing freely relative to the column assembly (maximum ±15°), while preventing the main frame 1 from detaching upwards. The horizontal shear force of the earthquake cannot be transmitted through a rigid path, and the main frame 1 remains almost stationary due to inertia, with only the column assembly moving with the ground. The lead-core rubber layer in the composite seismic isolation bearing dissipates seismic energy through hysteretic deformation, and the shape memory alloy wire bundle layer provides restoring force using the hyperelastic effect, automatically resetting after the earthquake.

[0031] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all prior art, fully achievable by those skilled in the art, and require no further explanation. The content protected by this application does not involve improvements to the software and methods. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are able to access all prior art in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic mounting system resistant to seismic and wind pressure, characterized by: It includes a main frame (1) and a photovoltaic panel (2). The main frame (1) is provided with a connecting component (3), the connecting component (3) is provided with a column component on the lower side, and the main frame (1) is provided with a stabilizing device (4). The stabilizing device (4) includes a fixed plate (48), a fixed frame (41) is provided on the fixed plate (48), a first inner frame (42) is provided inside the fixed frame (41), a second inner frame (43) is rotatably connected to the first inner frame (42), a motor (45) is fixedly connected to the second inner frame (43), the output end of the motor (45) is fixedly connected to the rotor (44), and the other end of the rotor (44) is rotatably connected to the second inner frame (43); The connecting component (3) includes a permanent magnet chuck assembly and an anti-detachment ball joint (34), which is installed in parallel with the permanent magnet chuck assembly; the column assembly is provided with a composite vibration isolation support, which includes a shape memory alloy part and a lead core rubber layer.

2. The anti-seismic and wind pressure resistant photovoltaic mounting structure of claim 1, wherein: The fixed plate (48) is provided with a bearing seat (47), which is rotatably connected to one end of the rotating shaft (46). The rotating shaft (46) is set on the first inner frame (42). The fixed frame (41) is provided with a bearing, and the rotating shaft (46) is rotatably connected inside the bearing.

3. A photovoltaic support structure resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main frame (1) is provided with a mesh frame (14), and a mounting bracket (15) is provided on the lower side of the mesh frame (14). A fixing plate (48) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (15).

4. A photovoltaic support structure resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting component (3) also includes an armature mounting post (31) installed on the main frame (1). The armature mounting post (31) is provided with a permanent magnet chuck assembly. The permanent magnet chuck assembly includes an armature (32), a permanent magnet (33) and an electromagnetic coil. One end of the armature (32) is connected to the permanent magnet (33), and the permanent magnet (33) is provided with an electromagnetic coil.

5. A photovoltaic support structure resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The column assembly includes a foundation connection plate (11), on which a column (12) is provided, and at one end of the column (12) is a composite seismic isolation bearing.

6. A photovoltaic support structure resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting component (3) is connected to an upper connecting plate (13) on its lower side. The upper connecting plate (13) is provided with a composite vibration isolation support on its lower side. The upper end of the upper connecting plate (13) is provided with an anti-detachment ball hinge (34).

7. A photovoltaic support structure resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The mesh frame (14) is equipped with a wind pressure sensor and an acceleration sensor. The permanent magnet chuck assembly, the wind pressure sensor, and the acceleration sensor are electrically connected to the controller, which is set on the mesh frame (14).

8. A photovoltaic support structure resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first inner frame (42) is connected by a vertical axis provided on the second inner frame (43); the vertical axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis (46).

9. A photovoltaic support structure resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (46) is parallel to the mesh frame (14), and an electromagnetic brake is provided on the rotating shaft (46), which is electrically connected to the controller.

10. A photovoltaic support structure resistant to earthquakes and wind pressure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The composite seismic isolation bearing consists of a shape memory alloy wire bundle layer and a lead core rubber layer from bottom to top. The shape memory alloy wire bundle layer and the lead core rubber layer are vulcanized and bonded together. The composite seismic isolation bearing is fixedly connected to the column (12) and the upper connecting plate (13) by a central through bolt.

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