Photovoltaic modules and their wiring modules, photovoltaic systems

Abstract

This disclosure provides a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic wiring module, and a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic wiring module includes multiple photovoltaic wiring devices, each including a bypass controller for bypassing photovoltaic cell strings exhibiting hot spot effects. At least one photovoltaic wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module. The bypass controller includes a MOS, a control chip, and a capacitor packaged according to a preset packaging method, as well as top and bottom pads. The current-carrying strips of each photovoltaic cell string are soldered to the corresponding top pad of the bypass controller. This disclosure uses a bypass controller packaged according to a preset packaging method to replace existing Schottky diodes, which can significantly improve photoelectric conversion efficiency, reduce device temperature, and extend the service life of the bypass controller. The top pad of the photovoltaic wiring device is directly soldered to the current-carrying strips of the photovoltaic cell string, completely eliminating the need for traditional photovoltaic junction boxes and significantly reducing module costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and its photovoltaic wiring module, and a photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic modules (photovoltaic cells) are devices that convert solar energy into electrical energy. In practical use, when part of the photovoltaic module's cell string (or cell) is shaded (e.g., by leaves, bird droppings, etc.), the shaded cell string will change from a power generation unit to an energy consumption unit, leading to localized overheating (i.e., the "hot spot effect"), which may burn out the cell string or even cause a fire. To prevent such accidents, photovoltaic modules need to be connected in parallel with photovoltaic junction boxes. The photovoltaic junction box not only effectively prevents the occurrence of the hot spot effect, but also serves as the electrical interface between the internal cell string of the photovoltaic module and external power equipment (such as inverters and controllers), safely and efficiently leading out the DC power generated by the cell string and transmitting it to the load or power grid system.

[0003] Traditional photovoltaic junction boxes mainly consist of a Schottky diode, two heat sinks, solder pads, and a casing. When hot spot effects occur, the Schottky diode, while in operation, reaches a high temperature and experiences electrical losses, affecting its lifespan and photoelectric conversion efficiency. Furthermore, it requires a large heat sink for heat dissipation, resulting in a relatively large size for the photovoltaic junction box.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned problems of traditional photovoltaic junction boxes has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this disclosure is to overcome the defects of photovoltaic junction boxes using Schottky diodes in the prior art, and to provide a photovoltaic module and its photovoltaic wiring module and photovoltaic system.

[0006] This disclosure solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, a photovoltaic wiring module for a photovoltaic module is provided, wherein the photovoltaic module includes multiple partitioned photovoltaic cell strings, and the photovoltaic wiring module includes multiple photovoltaic wiring devices, wherein each partitioned photovoltaic cell string is connected in parallel with a corresponding photovoltaic wiring device;

[0008] The photovoltaic wiring device includes a bypass controller for bypassing photovoltaic cell strings that exhibit hot spot effects, and at least one of the photovoltaic wiring devices is located inside the photovoltaic module;

[0009] The bypass controller includes a MOS transistor (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), a control chip, and a capacitor packaged according to a preset packaging method, as well as a top-layer pad and a bottom-layer pad.

[0010] The current guide strips of the photovoltaic cell strings in each zone are soldered to the top-level pad of the corresponding bypass controller.

[0011] Optionally, the top layer pad is a tin-plated pad;

[0012] And / or, the underlying pads are bare copper pads;

[0013] And / or, the package thickness of the bypass controller is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the plurality of photovoltaic wiring devices include a first wiring device, a second wiring device, and a third wiring device;

[0015] One end of the lead wire of the first wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller;

[0016] One end of the lead wire of the third wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller.

[0017] The adjacent devices include adjacent photovoltaic modules or power equipment.

[0018] Optionally, the first wiring device and the third wiring device are located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module, and the second wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module;

[0019] Both the first wiring device and the third wiring device include a housing.

[0020] Optionally, the lead wire is soldered to the bottom pad;

[0021] Alternatively, the first wiring device and the third wiring device include a metal sheet, the lead wire is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller via the metal sheet, the guide bar extends out of the photovoltaic module through the guide bar extension hole and is electrically connected to the top pad of the corresponding bypass controller, and the size of the metal sheet is smaller than a preset size threshold.

[0022] Optionally, the first wiring device, the second wiring device, and the third wiring device are all located inside the photovoltaic module;

[0023] Both the first wiring device and the third wiring device include a first fixing unit;

[0024] The first fixing unit of the first wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the first wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the first wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the first wiring device;

[0025] The first fixing unit of the third wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the third wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the third wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the third wiring device.

[0026] Optionally, the plurality of photovoltaic wiring devices includes a fourth wiring device and a fifth wiring device;

[0027] One end of the lead wire of the fourth wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad or the corresponding current guide bar of the corresponding bypass controller.

[0028] One end of the lead wire of the fifth wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad or the corresponding current guide bar of the corresponding bypass controller.

[0029] The adjacent devices include adjacent photovoltaic modules or power equipment;

[0030] Both the fourth wiring device and the fifth wiring device are located inside the photovoltaic module, and both the fourth wiring device and the fifth wiring device include a second fixing unit;

[0031] The second fixing unit of the fourth wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the fourth wiring device;

[0032] The second fixing unit of the fifth wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the fifth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the fifth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the fifth wiring device;

[0033] Alternatively, the fourth wiring device may be located inside the photovoltaic module, and the fifth wiring device may be located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module;

[0034] The fourth wiring device includes a third fixing unit, and the fifth wiring device includes a housing;

[0035] The third fixing unit is used to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the fourth wiring device.

[0036] Optionally, if the fourth wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module and the fifth wiring device is located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module, the fifth wiring device may further include a metal sheet;

[0037] The lead wire of the fifth wiring device is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the bypass controller of the fifth wiring device via the metal sheet. The guide bar extends out of the photovoltaic module through the guide bar extension hole and is electrically connected to the top pad of the bypass controller of the fifth wiring device. The size of the metal sheet is smaller than a preset size threshold.

[0038] Secondly, a photovoltaic module is provided, the photovoltaic module including the photovoltaic wiring module of the photovoltaic module described above.

[0039] Thirdly, a photovoltaic system is provided, the photovoltaic system comprising the photovoltaic modules described above.

[0040] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of this disclosure.

[0041] The positive and progressive effects of this disclosure are as follows:

[0042] The photovoltaic module, photovoltaic wiring module, and photovoltaic system disclosed herein include a photovoltaic wiring module comprising several photovoltaic wiring devices, each including a bypass controller. At least one photovoltaic wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module. The bypass controller includes a MOSFET, a control chip, and a capacitor packaged according to a preset packaging method, as well as top-layer and bottom-layer pads. The current-conducting strips of the photovoltaic cell strings in each zone are soldered to the top-layer pads of the corresponding bypass controllers. The photovoltaic wiring device of this disclosure uses a bypass controller packaged according to a preset packaging method to replace the existing Schottky diodes, which can significantly improve photoelectric conversion efficiency, reduce device temperature, and eliminate the need for heat sinks (or use extremely small heat sinks), thereby reducing the size of the photovoltaic wiring device. The top-layer pads of the photovoltaic wiring devices located inside the photovoltaic module are directly soldered to the current-conducting strips of the photovoltaic cell strings, completely eliminating the need for traditional photovoltaic junction boxes and significantly reducing module costs. Furthermore, the bypass controller, composed of a control chip, capacitor, and MOSFET, has a significantly lower temperature under the same load current compared to Schottky diodes, thereby extending the service life of the bypass controller. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic wiring module of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 2 The circuit diagram of the bypass controller in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Corresponding physical image;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bypass controller in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic wiring module of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the first wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the third wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the first wiring device or the third wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a third structural schematic diagram of the first wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a third structural schematic diagram of the third wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0054] Figure 12 This is a third structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic wiring module of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0055] Figure 13 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the fourth wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0056] Figure 14 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the fifth wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0057] Figure 15 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the fourth wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0058] Figure 16 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the fifth wiring device in the photovoltaic wiring module provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0059] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic system provided in Embodiment 3 of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The present disclosure is further illustrated below by way of embodiments, but the present disclosure is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0061] The prefixes such as "first" and "second" used in this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not limit the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the described objects. The use of ordinal numbers and other prefixes used to distinguish descriptive objects in this disclosure does not constitute a limitation on the described objects. The description of the described objects is given in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and should not constitute an unnecessary limitation due to the use of such prefixes. Furthermore, in the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic wiring module for a photovoltaic module, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes photovoltaic cell strings in multiple zones, and the photovoltaic wiring module includes multiple photovoltaic wiring devices 1, with each photovoltaic cell string in a zone connected in parallel with a corresponding photovoltaic wiring device 1;

[0064] The photovoltaic wiring device 1 includes a bypass controller 11, which is used to bypass the photovoltaic cell string that exhibits hot spot effect. At least one photovoltaic wiring device 1 is located inside the photovoltaic module.

[0065] The bypass controller 11 includes a MOSFET, a control chip, and a capacitor packaged according to a preset packaging method, as well as a top pad 111 and a bottom pad 112.

[0066] The current guide strips of the photovoltaic cell strings in each zone are soldered to the top pad 111 of the corresponding bypass controller 11.

[0067] A photovoltaic cell string can be composed of several cells, and the current guide strip can also be called a current guide strip or current guide strip.

[0068] The bypass controller in this disclosure refers to a device obtained by encapsulating a MOSFET, a control chip, and a capacitor using a preset packaging method. The capacitor includes, but is not limited to, silicon capacitors. The top and bottom pads of the bypass controller are two sides of the pads, meaning that the top and bottom pads are connected together.

[0069] Figure 2The circuit schematic of the bypass controller is shown. The bypass controller includes a MOSFET Q1, a control chip U1, and a capacitor C1, all located on the PCB (Printed Circuit Board). D1 is the parasitic diode of the MOSFET. The control chip controls the charging and discharging of the capacitor and the conduction or cutoff of the MOSFET. Specifically, upon power-up, the bypass controller charges the capacitor through pin 4 of the control chip, at which point the MOSFET is in the off state. When the capacitor is charged to a certain level, the MOSFET turns on, and the bypass controller performs its bypass function. As the capacitor gradually discharges, the MOSFET returns to the off state, and the capacitor is charged again. When it reaches a certain level, the MOSFET turns on again, and this cycle repeats. Because the MOSFET has a small voltage drop, it generates little heat and has high efficiency, resulting in excellent performance of the bypass controller.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, the bypass controller 11 includes a top-level pad 111 and a bottom-level pad 112. Based on a preset packaging method, the MOSFET, control chip, and capacitor are packaged together, and the exposed top-level and bottom-level pads are created to form the bypass controller of this disclosure. The bypass controller is used to replace the function of an existing Schottky diode; the bypass controller can also be called an ideal diode. The preset packaging method can adopt existing mature packaging methods; the specific packaging steps will not be described here.

[0071] The photovoltaic wiring module of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment includes several photovoltaic wiring devices, at least one of which is located inside the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic wiring device uses a bypass controller based on a preset packaging method to replace the existing Schottky diode, which can significantly improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency, reduce the device temperature, and eliminate the need for heat sinks (or use extremely small heat sinks), thereby reducing the size of the photovoltaic wiring device. The top pad of the photovoltaic wiring device located inside the photovoltaic module is directly soldered to the current guide strip of the photovoltaic cell string, completely eliminating the need for the traditional photovoltaic junction box and significantly reducing the module cost. Moreover, the bypass controller is composed of a control chip, capacitor, and MOSFET. Compared with Schottky diodes, the temperature is greatly reduced under the same load current, thereby extending the service life of the bypass controller.

[0072] In an alternative embodiment, the top pad is a tin-plated pad.

[0073] The current guide bars of the photovoltaic cell string are soldered to the tin-plated pads of the corresponding bypass controller by soldering.

[0074] In an alternative implementation, the bottom pad is a bare copper pad.

[0075] The leads of the photovoltaic wiring device are welded to bare copper pads by pressure welding or laser welding.

[0076] In an alternative implementation, the bypass controller has a package thickness of less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0077] In this embodiment, the encapsulation thickness is less than or equal to 1 mm. This extremely thin encapsulation thickness reduces the thickness and overall size of the photovoltaic wiring device, making it easier for the photovoltaic wiring device to be embedded inside the photovoltaic module.

[0078] In an alternative implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the photovoltaic wiring devices include a first wiring device 101, a second wiring device, and a third wiring device 103;

[0079] One end of the lead wire 12 of the first wiring device 101 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power equipment, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller 11.

[0080] One end of the lead wire 12 of the third wiring device 103 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the power equipment, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller 11.

[0081] Among them, the power equipment can be DC / DC (direct current to direct current) converters or DC / AC (direct current to alternating current) inverters, etc., which can realize power generation, energy storage or grid connection.

[0082] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module includes at least three partitions, and each partition is provided with a photovoltaic wiring device, namely a first wiring device, a second wiring device, and a third wiring device. There may be multiple second wiring devices. The first wiring device and the third wiring device have one lead wire each, which are used to electrically connect to the wiring devices of power equipment or other adjacent photovoltaic modules.

[0083] In an alternative implementation, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the first wiring device 101 and the third wiring device 103 are located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module, and the second wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module;

[0084] Both the first wiring device 101 and the third wiring device 103 include a housing 13.

[0085] Figure 6A wiring diagram of the first wiring device 101 is shown. The first wiring device 101 is located on the outside of the photovoltaic module, specifically attached to the back of the photovoltaic module. The front of the photovoltaic module is the light-receiving surface. The first wiring device 101 includes a housing 13, a bypass controller 11, and lead wires 12. The housing has holes for the lead wires to extend out, and the housing can fix the lead wires. The lead wires 12 of the first wiring device 101 are soldered to the bottom pad 112 of the bypass controller 11. The current guide strip extends out of the current guide strip extension hole of the photovoltaic module and is soldered to the top pad 111 of the corresponding bypass controller.

[0086] Figure 7 The wiring diagram of the second wiring device 102 is shown. The second wiring device is the bypass controller itself, which does not require lead wires or other components. The guide bar is soldered to the top pad 111 of the corresponding bypass controller.

[0087] Figure 8 A wiring diagram of the third wiring device 103 is shown. The third wiring device 103 includes a housing 13, a bypass controller 11, and lead wires 12. The housing has holes for the lead wires to extend out and can fix the lead wires. The lead wires 12 of the third wiring device 103 are soldered to the bottom pad 112 of the bypass controller. The current guide bar extends out of the current guide bar extension hole of the photovoltaic module and is soldered to the top pad 111 of the corresponding bypass controller.

[0088] The first and third wiring devices have basically the same structure, the only difference being the object connected to the other end of their respective leads.

[0089] In an alternative embodiment, the lead wire is soldered to the bottom pad.

[0090] In this embodiment, the first and third wiring devices are located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module, and the leads of each of the first and third wiring devices are directly soldered to the bottom pads of the corresponding bypass controller. Since the first and third wiring devices use bypass controllers packaged according to a preset packaging method instead of existing Schottky diodes, the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be significantly improved, the device temperature reduced, and the need for heat sinks eliminated, thereby reducing the size of the photovoltaic wiring device.

[0091] In an alternative implementation, such as Figure 9 As shown, the first wiring device 101 and the third wiring device 103 include a metal sheet 14. The lead wire 12 is electrically connected to the bottom pad 112 of the corresponding bypass controller 11 via the metal sheet 14. The guide bar extends out of the photovoltaic module through the guide bar extension hole and is electrically connected to the top pad 111 of the corresponding bypass controller 11. The size of the metal sheet is smaller than a preset size threshold.

[0092] Among them, the size of the metal sheet is smaller than the preset size threshold, which indicates that the size of the metal sheet is very small. The metal sheet can provide heat dissipation function and also serve as a welding carrier.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first and third wiring devices are located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module. The leads of each device are electrically connected to the bottom pads of the corresponding bypass controller via corresponding metal plates; that is, the leads are soldered onto the metal plates, which are then soldered onto the bottom pads. Because the first and third wiring devices use bypass controllers packaged according to a preset packaging method instead of existing Schottky diodes, photoelectric conversion efficiency can be significantly improved, device temperature reduced, and extremely small heat dissipation metal plates can be used, thereby reducing the size of the photovoltaic wiring devices.

[0094] In one optional embodiment, the first wiring device, the second wiring device, and the third wiring device are all located inside the photovoltaic module;

[0095] Both the first wiring device and the third wiring device include a first fixing unit;

[0096] The first fixing unit of the first wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the first wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the first wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the first wiring device;

[0097] The first fixing unit of the third wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the third wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the third wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the third wiring device.

[0098] Figure 10 A wiring diagram of the first wiring device is shown. The first wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module. The first wiring device includes a first fixing unit 15, a bypass controller 11, and a lead wire 12. The first fixing unit 15 is used to fix the lead wire 12 of the first wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire 12 of the first wiring device. A part of the guide strip is welded to the top layer pad 111, and another part is bent and extends out of the guide strip extension hole of the photovoltaic module and is welded to the lead wire 12 of the photovoltaic wiring device. The first fixing unit 15 is used to fix the lead wire and the guide strip welded to the lead wire.

[0099] In this embodiment, the second wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module. The second wiring device is the bypass controller itself, and no lead wires or other components are required. The current guide bar is soldered to the top layer pad of the bypass controller. Its wiring method and structure have been described above. Figure 7 The above has been shown in the document, so I will not repeat it here.

[0100] Figure 11A wiring diagram of the third wiring device is shown. The third wiring device includes a first fixing unit 15, a bypass controller 11, and a lead wire 12. The first fixing unit 15 of the third wiring device is used to fix the lead wire 12 of the third wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire 12 of the third wiring device. Among them, a part of the guide strip is welded to the top pad 111 of the bypass controller 11, and another part is bent and extended out of the guide strip extension hole of the photovoltaic module and welded to the lead wire 12 of the photovoltaic wiring device. The first fixing unit 15 is used to fix the lead wire and the guide strip welded to the lead wire.

[0101] Alternatively, one end of the lead wire can be directly soldered to the bottom pad of the bypass controller. One end of the lead wire is located outside the photovoltaic module, and the first fixing unit is used to fix the lead wire.

[0102] The first and third wiring devices have basically the same structure, the only difference being the object connected to the other end of their respective leads.

[0103] In this embodiment, the first wiring device, the second wiring device, and the third wiring device are all located inside the photovoltaic module. The top pad of each wiring device is directly welded to the current guide strip of the photovoltaic cell string, completely eliminating the need for a traditional photovoltaic junction box and significantly reducing the module cost.

[0104] In an alternative implementation, such as Figure 12 , 13 As shown in Figures 1 and 14, the plurality of photovoltaic wiring devices 1 include a fourth wiring device and a fifth wiring device;

[0105] One end of the lead wire 12 of the fourth wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad 112 of the corresponding bypass controller 11 or the corresponding current guide strip.

[0106] One end of the lead wire 12 of the fifth wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad 112 of the corresponding bypass controller 11 or the corresponding current guide bar.

[0107] Adjacent devices include adjacent photovoltaic modules or power equipment;

[0108] Both the fourth and fifth wiring devices are located inside the photovoltaic module, and both the fourth and fifth wiring devices include the second fixing unit 16;

[0109] The second fixing unit 16 of the fourth wiring device is used to fix the lead wire 12 of the fourth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire 12 of the fourth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire 12 of the fourth wiring device;

[0110] The second fixing unit 16 of the fifth wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the fifth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire 12 of the fifth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire 12 of the fifth wiring device.

[0111] Figure 13 A wiring diagram of the fourth wiring device is shown. The fourth wiring device includes a second fixing unit 16, a bypass controller 11, and a lead wire 12. The second fixing unit 16 of the fourth wiring device is used to fix the lead wire 12 of the fourth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire 12 of the fourth wiring device. Among them, a part of the guide strip is welded to the top pad 111, and another part is bent and extended out of the guide strip extension hole of the photovoltaic module and welded to the lead wire 12 of the photovoltaic wiring device. The second fixing unit 16 is used to fix the lead wire and the guide strip welded to the lead wire.

[0112] Figure 14 A wiring diagram of the fifth wiring device is shown. The fifth wiring device includes a second fixing unit 16, a bypass controller 11, and a lead wire 12. The second fixing unit 16 is used to fix the lead wire 12 of the fifth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire 12 of the fifth wiring device. A part of the guide strip is welded to the top pad 111, and another part is bent and extended out of the guide strip extension hole of the photovoltaic module and welded to the lead wire 12 of the photovoltaic wiring device. The second fixing unit 16 is used to fix the lead wire and the guide strip welded to the lead wire.

[0113] Alternatively, one end of the lead wire can be directly soldered to the bottom pad of the bypass controller. One end of the lead wire is located outside the photovoltaic module, and the fifth fixing unit is used to fix the lead wire.

[0114] The fourth and fifth wiring devices are basically the same in structure, the only difference being the object connected to the other end of their respective leads.

[0115] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module includes two partitions, each partition corresponding to a photovoltaic wiring device, namely a fourth wiring device and a fifth wiring device. The fourth and fifth wiring devices each have one lead wire for electrical connection with adjacent devices to achieve power transmission. Adjacent devices include adjacent photovoltaic modules or power equipment, including but not limited to DC / DC converters or DC / AC inverters.

[0116] In this embodiment, the fourth and fifth wiring devices are both located inside the photovoltaic module. The top pads of each wiring device are directly welded to the current guide strips of the photovoltaic cell string, completely eliminating the need for traditional photovoltaic junction boxes and significantly reducing module costs.

[0117] In one alternative embodiment, the plurality of photovoltaic wiring devices includes a fourth wiring device and a fifth wiring device;

[0118] One end of the lead wire of the fourth wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom layer solder of the corresponding bypass controller or the corresponding current guide bar.

[0119] One end of the lead wire of the fifth wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller or the corresponding current guide bar.

[0120] Adjacent devices include adjacent photovoltaic modules or power equipment;

[0121] The fourth wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module, and the fifth wiring device is located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module;

[0122] The fourth wiring device includes the third fixing unit, and the fifth wiring device includes the housing;

[0123] The third fixing unit is used to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the fourth wiring device.

[0124] Figure 15 A wiring diagram of the fourth wiring device is shown. The fourth wiring device includes a third fixing unit 17, a bypass controller 11, and a lead wire 12. The third fixing unit 17 of the fourth wiring device is used to fix the lead wire 12 of the fourth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire 12 of the fourth wiring device. Among them, a part of the guide strip is welded to the top pad 111 of the corresponding bypass controller 11, and another part is bent and extended out of the guide strip extension hole of the photovoltaic module and welded to the lead wire 12 of the photovoltaic wiring device. The third fixing unit 17 is used to fix the lead wire and the guide strip welded to the lead wire.

[0125] Figure 16 The wiring diagram of the fifth wiring device is shown. The fifth wiring device includes a housing 13, a bypass controller 11, and a lead wire 12. The housing has holes for the lead wire to extend out and can fix the lead wire. The lead wire 12 of the third wiring device 103 is soldered to the bottom pad of the bypass controller 11. The current guide bar extends out of the current guide bar extension hole of the photovoltaic module and is soldered to the top pad of the corresponding bypass controller 11.

[0126] Alternatively, the fourth wiring device can be located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module, and the fifth wiring device can be located inside the photovoltaic module. In this case, the fifth wiring device includes a fourth fixing unit and a housing. The fourth fixing unit is used to fix the lead wire of the fifth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the fifth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the fifth wiring device.

[0127] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module includes two partitions, each partition corresponding to a photovoltaic wiring device, namely a fourth wiring device and a fifth wiring device. The fourth and fifth wiring devices each have one lead wire for electrical connection with adjacent devices to achieve power transmission. Adjacent devices include adjacent photovoltaic modules or power equipment, including but not limited to DC / DC converters or DC / AC inverters.

[0128] In an alternative embodiment, where the fourth wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module and the fifth wiring device is located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the fifth wiring device also includes a metal sheet 14; the lead wire 12 of the fifth wiring device is electrically connected to the bottom pad 112 of the bypass controller 11 of the fifth wiring device via the metal sheet 14, and the guide bar extends out of the photovoltaic module through the guide bar extension hole and is electrically connected to the top pad 111 of the bypass controller 11 of the fifth wiring device. The size of the metal sheet is smaller than a preset size threshold.

[0129] In this embodiment, the fifth wiring device is located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module. The lead wire of the fifth wiring device is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller via a corresponding metal plate, that is, the lead wire is soldered to the metal plate, and the metal plate is located on the bottom pad. Since the fifth wiring device uses a bypass controller packaged based on a preset packaging method to replace the existing Schottky diode, the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be greatly improved, the device temperature can be reduced, and a very small heat dissipation metal plate can be used to reduce the size of the photovoltaic wiring device.

[0130] The following table compares the test data of temperature, efficiency, and duty cycle of a conventional Schottky diode and the bypass controller disclosed herein at a load current of 10A:

[0131]

[0132] As can be seen, the bypass controller disclosed herein, due to the encapsulation of the control chip, capacitor and MOSFET, has a significantly lower temperature under the same load current compared to traditional Schottky diodes, resulting in a longer service life for the bypass controller compared to traditional Schottky diodes.

[0133] Example 2

[0134] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, which includes the photovoltaic wiring module of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1.

[0135] The photovoltaic module of this embodiment includes the photovoltaic wiring module of the aforementioned photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic wiring module includes several photovoltaic wiring devices, each including a bypass controller. At least one photovoltaic wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module. The bypass controller includes a MOSFET, a control chip, and a capacitor packaged according to a preset packaging method, as well as top-layer and bottom-layer pads. The current-conducting strips of the photovoltaic cell strings in each zone are soldered to the top-layer pads of the corresponding bypass controllers. The photovoltaic wiring device of this embodiment uses a bypass controller packaged according to a preset packaging method to replace the existing Schottky diodes, which can significantly improve photoelectric conversion efficiency, reduce device temperature, and eliminate the need for heat sinks (or use extremely small heat sinks), thereby reducing the size of the photovoltaic wiring device. The top-layer pads of the photovoltaic wiring devices located inside the photovoltaic module are directly soldered to the current-conducting strips of the photovoltaic cell strings, completely eliminating the need for traditional photovoltaic junction boxes and significantly reducing module costs. Furthermore, the bypass controller is composed of a control chip, capacitor, and MOSFET, which, compared to Schottky diodes, has a significantly lower temperature under the same load current, thereby extending the service life of the bypass controller and improving the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0136] Example 3

[0137] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic system, which includes the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1.

[0138] In an alternative implementation, the photovoltaic system also includes electrical equipment, such as... Figure 17 As shown, the photovoltaic system includes multiple photovoltaic modules connected in series; several photovoltaic wiring devices include a first wiring device 101, a second wiring device, and a third wiring device 103;

[0139] One end of the lead wire 12 of the first wiring device 101 of the frontmost photovoltaic module is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power equipment, and one end of the lead wire 12 of the third junction box 103 of the frontmost photovoltaic module is electrically connected to one end of the lead wire 12 of the first wiring device 101 of the adjacent photovoltaic module.

[0140] One end of the lead wire 12 of the first wiring device 101 of the last photovoltaic module is electrically connected to one end of the lead wire 12 of the third wiring device 103 of the adjacent photovoltaic module, and one end of the lead wire 12 of the third wiring device 103 of the last photovoltaic module is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the power equipment.

[0141] Figure 17 In the photovoltaic system shown, the first wiring device 101 and the third wiring device 103 are located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module, and the second wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module. Alternatively, the first, second, and third wiring devices can all be located inside the photovoltaic module.

[0142] Specifically, one end of the lead wire 12 of the first wiring device 101 of the foremost photovoltaic module can be electrically connected to the negative terminal of the power equipment; one end of the lead wire 12 of the third junction box 103 of the foremost photovoltaic module can be electrically connected to one end of the lead wire 12 of the first wiring device 101 of the adjacent photovoltaic module; one end of the lead wire 12 of the first wiring device 101 of the last photovoltaic module can be electrically connected to one end of the lead wire 12 of the third wiring device 103 of the adjacent photovoltaic module; and one end of the lead wire 12 of the third wiring device 103 of the last photovoltaic module can be electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power equipment.

[0143] Electrical equipment includes, but is not limited to, DC / DC converters or DC / AC inverters. For example, by electrically connecting photovoltaic modules to a DC / AC inverter, the DC power is converted into AC power and then supplied to the external power grid or load. Alternatively, energy storage can be achieved by storing the converted electrical energy in a battery through a DC / DC converter.

[0144] In an optional embodiment, the photovoltaic system further includes electrical equipment, and the photovoltaic system includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series; the plurality of photovoltaic wiring devices include a fourth wiring device and a fifth wiring device;

[0145] One end of the lead wire of the fourth wiring device of the frontmost photovoltaic module is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power equipment, and one end of the lead wire of the fifth junction box of the frontmost photovoltaic module is electrically connected to one end of the lead wire of the fourth wiring device of the adjacent photovoltaic module.

[0146] One end of the lead wire of the fourth wiring device of the last photovoltaic module is electrically connected to one end of the lead wire of the fifth wiring device of the adjacent photovoltaic module, and one end of the lead wire of the fifth wiring device of the last photovoltaic module is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the power equipment.

[0147] Of these, at least one of the fourth and fifth wiring devices is located inside the photovoltaic module.

[0148] Alternatively, one end of the lead wire of the fourth wiring device of the foremost photovoltaic module can be electrically connected to the negative terminal of the power equipment; one end of the lead wire of the fifth junction box of the foremost photovoltaic module can be electrically connected to one end of the lead wire of the fourth wiring device of the adjacent photovoltaic module; one end of the lead wire of the fourth wiring device of the last photovoltaic module can be electrically connected to one end of the lead wire of the fifth wiring device of the adjacent photovoltaic module; and one end of the lead wire of the fifth wiring device of the last photovoltaic module can be electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power equipment.

[0149] The photovoltaic system of this embodiment includes the aforementioned photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic wiring module of the photovoltaic module includes several photovoltaic wiring devices, each including a bypass controller. At least one photovoltaic wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module. The bypass controller includes a MOSFET, a control chip, and a capacitor packaged according to a preset packaging method. The bypass controller includes a top-level pad as the positive electrode and a bottom-level pad as the negative electrode. The current-conducting strips of the photovoltaic cell strings in each zone are soldered to the top-level pads of the corresponding bypass controllers. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic wiring device uses a bypass controller packaged according to a preset packaging method instead of the existing Schottky diode, which can significantly improve photoelectric conversion efficiency, reduce device temperature, and eliminate the need for heat sinks (or use extremely small heat sinks), thereby reducing the size of the photovoltaic wiring device. The top-level pads of the photovoltaic wiring device located inside the photovoltaic module are directly soldered to the current-conducting strips of the photovoltaic cell strings, completely eliminating the need for traditional photovoltaic junction boxes and significantly reducing module costs. Furthermore, the bypass controller, composed of a control chip, capacitor, and MOSFET, has a significantly lower temperature under the same load current compared to Schottky diodes, thereby extending the service life of the bypass controller, improving the service life of the photovoltaic module, and extending the maintenance cycle of the photovoltaic system.

[0150] While specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of this disclosure, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic wiring module for a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes photovoltaic cell strings in multiple zones, and the photovoltaic wiring module includes multiple photovoltaic wiring devices, with each zone's photovoltaic cell strings connected in parallel to a corresponding photovoltaic wiring device; The photovoltaic wiring device includes a bypass controller for bypassing photovoltaic cell strings that exhibit hot spot effects, and at least one of the photovoltaic wiring devices is located inside the photovoltaic module; The bypass controller includes a MOS, a control chip, and a capacitor packaged according to a preset packaging method, as well as a top-level pad and a bottom-level pad. The current guide strips of the photovoltaic cell strings in each zone are soldered to the top-level pad of the corresponding bypass controller.

2. The photovoltaic wiring module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top-layer pad is a tin-plated pad; And / or, the underlying pads are bare copper pads; And / or, the package thickness of the bypass controller is less than or equal to 1 mm.

3. The photovoltaic wiring module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of photovoltaic wiring devices includes a first wiring device, a second wiring device, and a third wiring device; One end of the lead wire of the first wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller. One end of the lead wire of the third wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller. The adjacent devices include adjacent photovoltaic modules or power equipment.

4. The photovoltaic wiring module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first wiring device and the third wiring device are located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module, and the second wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module; Both the first wiring device and the third wiring device include a housing.

5. The photovoltaic wiring module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lead wire is soldered to the bottom pad; Alternatively, the first wiring device and the third wiring device include a metal sheet, the lead wire is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the corresponding bypass controller via the metal sheet, the guide bar extends out of the photovoltaic module through the guide bar extension hole and is electrically connected to the top pad of the corresponding bypass controller, and the size of the metal sheet is smaller than a preset size threshold.

6. The photovoltaic wiring module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first wiring device, the second wiring device, and the third wiring device are all located inside the photovoltaic module; Both the first wiring device and the third wiring device include a first fixing unit; The first fixing unit of the first wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the first wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the first wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the first wiring device; The first fixing unit of the third wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the third wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the third wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the third wiring device.

7. The photovoltaic wiring module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of photovoltaic wiring devices include a fourth wiring device and a fifth wiring device; One end of the lead wire of the fourth wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad or the corresponding current guide bar of the corresponding bypass controller. One end of the lead wire of the fifth wiring device is electrically connected to the adjacent device, and the other end is electrically connected to the bottom pad or the corresponding current guide bar of the corresponding bypass controller. The adjacent devices include adjacent photovoltaic modules or power equipment; Both the fourth wiring device and the fifth wiring device are located inside the photovoltaic module, and both the fourth wiring device and the fifth wiring device include a second fixing unit; The second fixing unit of the fourth wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the fourth wiring device; The second fixing unit of the fifth wiring device is used to fix the lead wire of the fifth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the fifth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the fifth wiring device; Alternatively, the fourth wiring device may be located inside the photovoltaic module, and the fifth wiring device may be located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module; The fourth wiring device includes a third fixing unit, and the fifth wiring device includes a housing; The third fixing unit is used to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device, or to fix the lead wire of the fourth wiring device and the guide strip welded to the lead wire of the fourth wiring device.

8. The photovoltaic wiring module according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the case where the fourth wiring device is located inside the photovoltaic module and the fifth wiring device is located on the outer back of the photovoltaic module, the fifth wiring device further includes a metal sheet; The lead wire of the fifth wiring device is electrically connected to the bottom pad of the bypass controller of the fifth wiring device via the metal sheet. The guide bar extends out of the photovoltaic module through the guide bar extension hole and is electrically connected to the top pad of the bypass controller of the fifth wiring device. The size of the metal sheet is smaller than a preset size threshold.

9. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes the photovoltaic wiring module of the photovoltaic module as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, The photovoltaic system includes the photovoltaic module as described in claim 9.

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