A blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system and control method

Abstract

This invention discloses a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system and control method. The energy storage system includes multiple energy storage devices, a cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform, a blockchain network, a smart contract module, and a communication interface module. The energy storage devices are interconnected through the blockchain network and communicate with the cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform through the communication interface module. The cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform generates the energy storage system's operating strategy. The smart contract execution module defines the verification rules for the energy storage system's control strategy, determines whether the control strategy meets safety constraints and operating conditions, and generates a control event when the triggering conditions are met. This invention deeply integrates blockchain and smart contract mechanisms with the energy storage system's control logic, achieving automatic verification based on smart contracts before the control strategy is executed, control triggering during execution, and reliable recording of results after execution, thereby constructing a closed-loop control system of "strategy verification—control execution—result traceability."

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of commercial and industrial energy storage systems in peak shaving, demand response, and virtual power plant scenarios, the intelligence and scalability of these systems are continuously improving. Existing commercial and industrial energy storage systems typically include a Battery Management System (BMS), an Energy Management System (EMS), a Power Conversion System (PCS), and a cloud platform. The BMS is used for battery status monitoring and safety protection, the EMS for charging and discharging strategy formulation and scheduling, the PCS for bidirectional energy conversion between the energy storage system and the grid, and the cloud platform for remote monitoring, data analysis, and strategy distribution. Through hierarchical control and centralized management, the system achieves the basic operation and scheduling functions of the energy storage system.

[0003] However, with the increasing demand for multi-energy storage cabinets, multi-site, and cross-regional collaborative applications, existing technologies have gradually revealed the following problems: First, the reliability of operational data is insufficient. The operational status data and control commands of existing energy storage systems are mainly stored in the form of logs or databases, lacking effective anti-tampering mechanisms. In the event of anomalies or disputes, it is difficult to reliably trace control actions and determine responsibility.

[0004] Secondly, the execution of control policies lacks an effective verification mechanism. During the execution of scheduling policies issued by EMS at the edge, there is a lack of automated verification and constraint methods. It usually relies on manual auditing after the fact, which can easily lead to policy execution deviations or even violations, affecting system security and consistency.

[0005] Secondly, the reliability of multi-energy storage cabinet collaborative scheduling is insufficient. Existing multi-device collaborative operation mainly relies on centralized cloud platforms for unified scheduling, which poses a risk of single point of failure; at the same time, there is a lack of a reliable data sharing foundation between different energy storage devices, making it difficult to achieve highly reliable distributed collaborative control.

[0006] Furthermore, existing blockchain technology is difficult to directly adapt to real-time control scenarios in energy storage. Existing blockchain solutions mostly focus on data storage or transaction settlement, typically employing full data upload to the blockchain or public blockchain mechanisms, which suffer from high latency and low throughput, making it difficult to meet the real-time and closed-loop control requirements of energy storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system and control method to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section.

[0008] The technical solution for achieving the objective of this invention is: a control method for a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: Acquire the operating status data and control command data of the industrial and commercial energy storage system, wherein the operating status data includes at least battery status data and power conversion status data; S2: Perform a summary calculation on the operating status data and control command data to generate corresponding data summary information; S3: Write the data digest information into the blockchain for storage to form an immutable operation and control record; S4: Before the control strategy is issued, the legality of the control strategy is verified by a smart contract deployed on the blockchain; S5: When the control strategy is verified, the smart contract triggers the corresponding control instruction execution event; S6: The edge control unit of the energy storage device receives the control command execution event and performs the corresponding control operation; S7: Obtain the execution result of the control command, and write the data digest corresponding to the execution result back into the blockchain; S8: Based on trusted data from multiple energy storage devices in the blockchain, it enables collaborative control across energy storage devices.

[0009] Furthermore, the operating status data includes at least one of the following: State of Charge (SOC), State of Health (SOH), voltage, current or temperature data collected by the battery management system, output power of the power conversion system, operating mode or alarm status data.

[0010] Furthermore, the data digest information is a digest value calculated from the running status data or control instruction data using a hash algorithm, and the original data is stored in a local or cloud database.

[0011] Furthermore, the blockchain is a consortium blockchain or a private blockchain, and the participating nodes include energy storage device edge control unit nodes and cloud platform nodes.

[0012] Furthermore, the smart contract is used to verify whether the control strategy meets at least one of the following constraints: whether the system control strategy exceeds the battery safety boundary, whether the control strategy conflicts with the historical strategy, and whether the preset operating conditions are met.

[0013] Furthermore, the conditions for the smart contract to trigger the execution of control instructions include at least one of the following: the operating state of the energy storage system reaches a preset threshold, the state difference between multiple energy storage devices exceeds a preset threshold, or an external scheduling or demand response instruction is received.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an abnormal device handling mechanism, which includes, when an abnormal state of a certain energy storage device is detected, the smart contract removes the energy storage device from the collaborative control and adjusts the control strategy of other energy storage devices.

[0015] A blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system, operating using the aforementioned control method, includes multiple energy storage devices, a cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform, a blockchain network, a smart contract module, and a communication interface module. The energy storage devices are interconnected via the blockchain network and communicate with the cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform through the communication interface module. The cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform generates energy storage system operation strategies, writes these strategies into the blockchain network, deploys or updates smart contracts, and audits and analyzes control behavior. The smart contract execution module defines verification rules for the energy storage system control strategies, determines whether the control strategies meet safety constraints and operating conditions, and generates control events when trigger conditions are met.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the energy storage devices includes an edge control unit, a battery management system (BMS), an energy management system (EMS), a power conversion system (PCS), and a blockchain node module. The edge control unit is communicatively connected to the battery management system (BMS), the energy management system (EMS), and the power conversion system (PCS), respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a blockchain node module, which is used to store the data digest information and achieve consensus with other nodes; the blockchain node module is integrated with the edge control unit, or is set up independently on a local server or cloud platform. By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention introduces blockchain and smart contract mechanisms and deeply integrates them with the control logic of energy storage system. It realizes automatic verification based on smart contracts before the execution of control strategy, realizes control triggering during execution, and realizes reliable recording of results after execution, thereby constructing a closed-loop control system of "strategy verification - control execution - result traceability".

[0018] (2) This invention reduces system latency and meets real-time control requirements by summarizing and uploading the operating data to the blockchain instead of uploading the entire data. Based on the distributed characteristics of blockchain, it realizes trusted state sharing and decentralized collaborative control among multiple energy storage devices, effectively reducing the risk of single point of failure caused by centralized scheduling.

[0019] (3) This invention not only improves the reliability and traceability of energy storage system data, but also enhances the security and consistency of control strategy execution, and significantly improves the reliability of multi-energy storage device collaborative operation and the overall system operating efficiency, and has significant engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein... Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the energy storage system of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the energy storage system control method of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the smart contract triggering logic of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0026] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances. The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See Figure 1-3 The blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system of the present invention includes multiple energy storage devices, a cloud scheduling and auditing platform, a blockchain network, a smart contract module, a communication interface module, and a blockchain node module. The energy storage devices are interconnected through the blockchain network. Each energy storage device includes an edge control unit, a battery management system (BMS), an energy management system (EMS), and a power conversion system (PCS). The edge control unit is communicatively connected to the BMS, EMS, and PCS, respectively.

[0030] The node module of the blockchain network receives data digests from the edge control unit, packages the data digests into blocks, achieves consensus with other blockchain nodes, and provides a trusted data query interface. Preferably, the blockchain is a consortium blockchain or a private blockchain.

[0031] The smart contract module is used to define the verification rules for the control strategy of the energy storage system, determine whether the control strategy meets the safety constraints and operating conditions, and generate control events when the triggering conditions are met.

[0032] The cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform is used to generate energy storage system operation strategies, write the system operation strategies into the blockchain network, deploy or update smart contracts, and audit and analyze control behaviors.

[0033] The communication interface module is mainly used to realize data communication between the edge control unit, the blockchain node module, and the cloud scheduling and auditing platform, and supports wired or wireless communication methods.

[0034] Example 1 illustrates a scenario where a single commercial energy storage unit operates in a peak-shaving and valley-filling environment within an industrial park. This energy storage unit is connected to the power distribution system, charging during off-peak hours and discharging during peak hours to reduce electricity costs. The system includes a Battery Management System (BMS), an Energy Management System (EMS), a Power Conversion System (PCS), an Edge Control Unit, a Blockchain Node Module, a Cloud Scheduling and Auditing Platform, a Blockchain Application, a Smart Contract Module, and a Communication Interface Module.

[0035] At a typical operating moment, the energy storage system operates as follows: the BMS collects the battery's state of charge (SOC) at 65%; the battery temperature is 28°C; the PCS is currently in standby mode with an output power of 0kW; the system is operating during peak electricity price periods and has discharge demand. The edge control unit collects the above operating status data in real time and prepares to execute scheduling strategies.

[0036] The specific implementation steps of this embodiment are as follows: S1: Operational Status Data Acquisition and Summary Generation The edge control unit obtains operational status data from the BMS and PCS, including battery parameters such as SOC, voltage, current, and temperature; and the PCS's operating mode and power status. Subsequently, the data digest module performs a hash calculation on this data to generate a data digest, for example: Hash(SOC=65%, Temperature=28℃, Power=0kW, Timestamp T). This digest is used for subsequent on-chain storage to reduce data transmission volume and ensure data integrity.

[0037] S2: Run data digest on-chain storage The edge control unit writes the aforementioned data digest into the blockchain network through the blockchain node module and confirms it through consensus with other nodes, thereby forming an immutable record of the operating status. This step achieves a reliable record of the critical operating status of the energy storage system, providing a foundation for subsequent control decisions and auditing.

[0038] S3: Control Strategy Generation and On-Chain Integration Based on current electricity price information and the status of the energy storage system, the cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform generates the following control strategy: discharge during the current peak electricity price period; the target discharge power is set at 80kW. Before being issued, this control strategy is first written into the blockchain network to form a strategy record, and simultaneously triggers a smart contract to verify the legality of the strategy.

[0039] S4: Smart contracts validate control strategies. The smart contract module in the blockchain automatically verifies the above strategy, including: 1. Battery safety constraints: whether the State of Charge (SOC) is higher than the minimum discharge threshold (e.g., 30%); whether the current temperature is within a safe range; 2. PCS operation constraints: whether the target power is within the PCS rated power range; 3. Historical strategy consistency: whether there are conflicting strategies or repeated executions. In this embodiment: SOC = 65% > 30%, which meets the conditions; temperature = 28℃, which is within the safe range; 80kW is within the PCS's allowable range; therefore, the smart contract determines that the strategy is legal.

[0040] S5: Smart Contract Trigger Control Execution Once verification is successful, the smart contract generates a control execution event and notifies the edge control unit via the blockchain node module. Upon receiving the control event, the edge control unit sends a control command to the PCS via the EMS execution module, increasing the PCS output power to the target value of 80kW, thereby enabling the energy storage system to discharge to the load side.

[0041] S6: Control Execution and Result Acquisition The PCS executes the discharge operation according to the control command. In actual operation, due to system losses or control accuracy, the actual output power may be 78kW. The edge control unit collects the execution result and records the actual operating data.

[0042] S7: Upload execution result summary to the blockchain The edge control unit generates a new data digest for the execution result: Hash (target power = 80kW, actual power = 78kW, timestamp T2). This digest is then written to the blockchain network, forming a closed-loop record as follows: strategy → verification → execution → result → on-chain.

[0043] This embodiment achieves immutable recording of key data in the energy storage system by uploading summaries of operational data and control behaviors to the blockchain, and constructs a closed-loop traceability mechanism of "strategy-execution-result".

[0044] Example 2: This example applies to scenarios where abnormal or unreasonable scheduling strategies are issued during the actual operation of industrial and commercial energy storage systems. For example, due to cloud algorithm errors, communication anomalies, or human configuration errors, the energy management system (EMS) generates control strategies that do not meet the conditions for safe battery operation.

[0045] In traditional energy storage systems, such strategies may be directly issued to edge devices for execution, posing safety risks such as battery overcharging, over-discharging, or thermal runaway. This embodiment introduces blockchain and smart contract mechanisms to automatically verify and intercept control strategies before execution, thereby preventing abnormal strategies from entering the execution phase.

[0046] At a certain operating moment, the energy storage system status is as follows: Battery Management System (BMS) data: SOC = 15% (low charge state); Battery temperature = 32℃; PCS is currently in standby mode; The system is operating during peak electricity price periods; Under these conditions, the energy storage system should avoid further discharge to prevent over-discharge of the battery.

[0047] Due to an anomaly in the cloud-based scheduling algorithm, the following control strategy was generated: Control type: Discharge; Target power: 100kW; Execution condition: Immediate execution. This strategy clearly violates battery safety constraints, but it might be directly executed in a traditional system.

[0048] The specific implementation steps of this embodiment are as follows: Step S1: Run data acquisition and summary generation The edge control unit collects the current operating status: SOC=15%; temperature=32℃; power status=0kW; and generates summary information through the data summary module: Hash(SOC=15%, temperature=32℃, power=0kW, timestamp T1).

[0049] Step S2: Run the data digest upload to the blockchain The edge control unit writes the aforementioned data digest to the blockchain node and completes consensus confirmation, thereby forming a trusted record of the current system state. This record serves as the input basis for subsequent smart contract judgments.

[0050] Step S3: Upload control strategy to the blockchain The cloud-based scheduling platform writes the abnormal policy into the blockchain to form a policy record: Policy: SOC=15%→Discharge 100kW; This policy will not be sent directly to the PCS, but will first enter the blockchain verification process.

[0051] Step S4: Smart Contract Verification Mechanism The smart contract in the blockchain is automatically triggered to perform multi-dimensional verification of the strategy, including: 1. Battery safety constraint verification: Rule set: Minimum discharge SOC threshold = 30%; Current state: SOC = 15% < 30%; Judgment: Discharge conditions not met. 2. Temperature constraint verification: Temperature = 32℃ (normal range); 3. Power validity verification: 100kW is within the PCS rated range. Overall contract judgment result: Strategy is illegal (violation of SOC constraints).

[0052] Step S5: Policy Interception and Execution Blocking Based on the above judgment results, the smart contract performs the following operations: 1. Refuses to generate control execution events; 2. Blocks the transmission of the policy to the edge control unit; 3. Records the abnormal event in the blockchain, event type: policy rejection, reason: SOC is lower than the security threshold, time: T2.

[0053] Step S6: Anomaly Alarm and Feedback Mechanism The edge control unit or cloud platform can trigger the following actions by listening to blockchain events: sending alarms to maintenance personnel; marking policy anomalies on the cloud platform interface; and optionally triggering backup policies (such as disabling discharge or entering protection mode).

[0054] Step S7: Upload the execution result to the blockchain (abnormal loop closure) Even if the strategy is not executed, the system still generates an execution result record: Execution status: Not executed; Reason: Strategy was intercepted by the smart contract; Time: T3; and writes its summary to the blockchain, thus forming a complete closed loop: Strategy → Verification → Rejection → Record → On-chain.

[0055] In this embodiment, the strategy must be verified by the contract. It can automatically identify abnormal strategies and block the execution path without manual interception. All abnormal behaviors are recorded on the blockchain and cannot be tampered with. This can be used for accountability and can effectively prevent battery over-discharge, thermal runaway risks, and abnormal PCS operation.

[0056] This embodiment uses smart contracts to verify control strategies before execution, enabling automatic interception of abnormal or non-compliant strategies, thus shifting system security control from "post-event protection" to "pre-event constraints".

[0057] Example 3 applies to a scenario where multiple energy storage cabinets operate in parallel within an industrial park or commercial complex. In this scenario, multiple energy storage cabinets are connected to the same power distribution system, and peak shaving, load balancing, and grid ancillary services are achieved through coordinated control.

[0058] The energy storage system comprises: multiple energy storage cabinets (energy storage cabinet A, energy storage cabinet B, and energy storage cabinet C), a cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform, a blockchain network, a smart contract module, and a communication interface module. Each energy storage cabinet includes: a battery management system (BMS), a power conversion system (PCS), an edge control unit, and a blockchain node module; the energy storage cabinets are interconnected through the blockchain network to form a distributed collaborative control system.

[0059] At a certain operating moment, the status of each energy storage cabinet is as follows: Maximum discharge capacity of the energy storage cabinet at state of charge (SOC) .

[0060] Meanwhile: The park's load suddenly increased, requiring a total discharge power of 200kW; the system entered peak shaving operation mode.

[0061] The specific implementation steps of this embodiment are as follows: S1: Data Acquisition and Summary Generation for Each Energy Storage Cabinet Each energy storage cabinet's edge control unit collects its own operating status data, including: SOC, voltage, temperature; current PCS power capacity; and generates data summaries, for example: Node A: Hash (SOC=80%, Pmax=120kW); Node B: Hash (SOC=60%, Pmax=100kW); Node C: Hash (SOC=40%, Pmax=80kW).

[0062] S2: Run data digest up-chain Each energy storage unit writes the aforementioned data summary into the blockchain network, and a globally consistent state view is formed through a consensus mechanism. At this point, all nodes can obtain trusted state information from other nodes.

[0063] S3: Cooperative Scheduling Strategy Generation A scheduling request is initiated by the cloud platform or edge node: Target: Total discharge power of 200kW. This scheduling request is written to the blockchain and triggers a smart contract to execute collaborative computation.

[0064] S4: Smart Contract Collaborative Decision-Making Smart contracts execute allocation logic based on on-chain global state data. For example, coordination rules include: 1. Higher SOC → greater power allocation; 2. SOC below a threshold (e.g., 30%) → output limitation; 3. Total power meets demand constraints. Contract calculation process: Allocation based on SOC weight: A: 80% → 100kW allocation; B: 60% → 70kW allocation; C: 40% → 30kW allocation; satisfying: 100 + 70 + 30 = 200kW.

[0065] S5: Contract Trigger Control Execution The smart contract generates the following control events: A: Discharge 100kW; B: Discharge 70kW; C: Discharge 30kW; After each energy storage cabinet edge control unit hears the event, it sends control commands to the local PCS.

[0066] S6: Control Execution and Feedback Each PCS executes control: A actual output 98kW; B actual output 68kW; C actual output 30kW; the edge control unit collects the execution results.

[0067] S7: Upload execution result summary to the blockchain Each node generates an execution digest and writes it to the blockchain: A: Hash (target = 100, actual = 98); B: Hash (target = 70, actual = 68); C: Hash (target = 30, actual = 30); forming a collaborative control closed-loop record: global state → contract calculation → allocation → execution → on-chain.

[0068] This embodiment uses blockchain to achieve trusted state sharing among multiple energy storage cabinets and completes collaborative scheduling decisions based on smart contracts, realizing decentralized power allocation and global optimization control.

[0069] Example 4: This example is applied to an industrial and commercial energy storage system in which multiple energy storage cabinets are connected in parallel. In actual operation, due to battery aging, abnormal thermal management or changes in the external environment, one of the energy storage cabinets may experience an abnormal state (such as excessive temperature, abnormal SOC, abnormal voltage, etc.).

[0070] At a certain operating moment, the operating status of each energy storage cabinet is as follows: .

[0071] Current system scheduling requirements: Total discharge power requirement = 220kW.

[0072] The specific implementation steps of this embodiment are as follows: S1: Operation Data Acquisition Each energy storage cabinet collects operational data in real time through the BMS: Energy storage cabinet B detected a temperature of 62℃ (exceeding the safety threshold, for example, 60℃).

[0073] S2: Data Digest Generation and On-Chain Submission Each node generates a data digest and writes it into the blockchain: A: Hash (SOC=75%, temperature=30℃); B: Hash (SOC=65%, temperature=62℃); C: Hash (SOC=55%, temperature=28℃); After the blockchain completes consensus, a globally trusted state is formed.

[0074] S3: Automatic contract detection of abnormal states The smart contract executes the following rules based on on-chain data: Anomaly detection conditions: Temperature > 60℃ → determined as abnormal device; SOC abnormality or voltage abnormality → can also trigger anomaly detection; In this embodiment: Energy storage cabinet B: Temperature = 62℃ is abnormal; S4: Abnormal Equipment Marking and Removal Smart contract execution: 1. Mark energy storage cabinet B as "unavailable for scheduling"; 2. Remove this node from the collaborative control set; 3. Record the abnormal event in the blockchain: Event: Equipment abnormality; Node: B; Cause: Temperature exceeding limit; Time: T1.

[0075] S5: Recalculate the cooperative scheduling strategy Original scheduling plan (before removal): A: 80kW; B: 70kW; C: 70kW; Total: 220kW; After removing B: Remaining nodes: A, C; Contract redistribution rules: Recalculated based on SOC weight + maximum capacity constraint, calculation result: A: 120kW (close to maximum capacity); C: 100kW; Satisfying total demand: 120 + 100 = 220kW.

[0076] S6: Control command triggered The smart contract generates new control events: A: Discharge 120kW; C: Discharge 100kW; B: Stop participating.

[0077] Step S7: Control Execution A is adjusted to 118kW; C is adjusted to 98kW; B stops discharging and enters protection mode.

[0078] S8: Upload execution results to the blockchain Each node generates an execution digest: A: Hash (target = 120, actual = 118); C: Hash (target = 100, actual = 98); B: Hash (state = exited execution); forming a complete closed loop: anomaly detection → removal → rescheduling → execution → on-chain.

[0079] This embodiment uses smart contracts to automatically identify and remove abnormal devices and dynamically reconstruct the collaborative scheduling strategy to achieve the system's adaptive recovery capability in abnormal situations.

[0080] This invention elevates blockchain from a "data storage tool" to a "control decision participation mechanism," realizing the transformation of energy storage systems from centralized control to trusted distributed collaborative control. It enhances the credibility and traceability of energy storage system operation data, strengthens the security and consistency of control strategy execution, improves the reliability and efficiency of collaborative scheduling of multiple energy storage devices, reduces the risk of single point of failure caused by centralized scheduling, and enhances the stability and adaptability of the system under complex operating conditions.

[0081] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Acquire the operating status data and control command data of the industrial and commercial energy storage system, wherein the operating status data includes at least battery status data and power conversion status data; S2: Perform a summary calculation on the operating status data and control command data to generate corresponding data summary information; S3: Write the data digest information into the blockchain for storage to form an immutable operation and control record; S4: Before the control strategy is issued, the legality of the control strategy is verified by a smart contract deployed on the blockchain; S5: When the control strategy is verified, the smart contract triggers the corresponding control instruction execution event; S6: The edge control unit of the energy storage device receives the control command execution event and performs the corresponding control operation; S7: Obtain the execution result of the control command, and write the data digest corresponding to the execution result back into the blockchain; S8: Based on trusted data from multiple energy storage devices in the blockchain, it enables collaborative control across energy storage devices.

2. The control method for a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating status data includes at least one of the following: State of Charge (SOC), State of Health (SOH), voltage, current or temperature data collected by the battery management system, output power of the power conversion system, operating mode or alarm status data.

3. The control method for a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data digest information is a digest value calculated from the running status data or control command data using a hash algorithm, and the original data is stored in a local or cloud database.

4. The control method for a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blockchain is either a consortium blockchain or a private blockchain, and the participating nodes include energy storage device edge control unit nodes and cloud platform nodes.

5. The control method for a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart contract is used to verify whether the control strategy meets at least one of the following constraints: battery safety operation constraints, power conversion system operation boundaries, and no conflict with previously executed strategies.

6. The control method for a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditions for the smart contract to trigger the execution of control instructions include at least one of the following: the operating state of the energy storage system reaches a preset threshold, the state difference between multiple energy storage devices exceeds a preset threshold, or an external scheduling or demand response instruction is received.

7. The control method for a blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an abnormal device handling mechanism, which includes, when an abnormal state of a certain energy storage device is detected, the smart contract removes the energy storage device from the collaborative control and adjusts the control strategy of other energy storage devices.

8. A blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system, operating using the control method described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The system includes multiple energy storage devices, a cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform, a blockchain network, a smart contract module, and a communication interface module. The energy storage devices are interconnected via the blockchain network and communicate with the cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform through the communication interface module. The cloud-based scheduling and auditing platform generates energy storage system operation strategies, writes these strategies into the blockchain network, deploys or updates smart contracts, and audits and analyzes control behaviors. The smart contract execution module defines verification rules for the energy storage system control strategies, determines whether the control strategies meet safety constraints and operating conditions, and generates control events when trigger conditions are met.

9. A blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the energy storage devices includes an edge control unit, a battery management system (BMS), an energy management system (EMS), and a power conversion system (PCS), wherein the edge control unit is communicatively connected to the BMS, EMS, and PCS, respectively.

10. A blockchain-based industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a blockchain node module, which is used to store the data digest information and reach consensus with other nodes; the blockchain node module is integrated with the edge control unit or set up independently on a local server or cloud platform.

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