Horizontal hole self-adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function and use method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a horizontal hole adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function and its usage method. It includes a resiliently positioned drill bit device at the front end of the device, a self-cleaning camera unit at the rear end of the resiliently positioned drill bit device, and a tail end guide unit at the tail end of the self-cleaning camera unit. The device includes a transparent tube, a camera module disposed within the transparent tube, and a magnetic coupling drive mechanism for driving the camera module to perform self-cleaning. The magnetic coupling drive mechanism includes a ring electromagnet, an iron core, and a control circuit. The ring electromagnet is fixedly disposed inside the transparent tube; the iron core is slidably sleeved on the outside of the transparent tube, and the inner circumferential surface of the iron core contacts the outer wall surface of the transparent tube; the control circuit is electrically connected to the ring electromagnet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological disaster prevention and underground engineering monitoring technology, specifically relating to an adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal borehole and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In urban infrastructure and industrial applications, horizontally laid-out pipeline systems (such as sewers, heating pipes, and oil and gas pipelines) are widely distributed and of high importance, serving as a key component of fluid transport in modern urbanization. With increasing usage time, pipelines are highly susceptible to damage from environmental corrosion and sediment accumulation. If these hazards are not identified and addressed promptly, they can potentially lead to serious leaks or even explosions. Therefore, real-time monitoring of pipeline internal conditions, hazard identification, and safety early warning systems have become the most direct and effective means of ensuring maintenance and safe operation.

[0003] Traditional pipeline monitoring methods primarily rely on manual pipe entry inspection or observation using simple tools such as flashlights and mirror reflections. While these methods were widely used in the early stages of advancements in inspection technology towards higher precision and automation, their inherent limitations often result in time-consuming and labor-intensive processes, poor practicality in long-distance or small-diameter pipelines, and difficulty in providing high-quality image data for subsequent accurate analysis. In recent years, to address the demand for intelligent pipeline inspection, robotic pipeline inspection equipment has been proposed. However, existing pipeline and borehole inspection devices still face significant technical bottlenecks in practical applications, mainly in the following aspects: 1. Mechanically driven cleaning mechanisms can lead to dynamic seal failure, resulting in a high risk of leakage. Existing inspection devices mostly employ internal motor-driven mechanical transmission mechanisms for their cleaning systems. For example, prior art document 1 (CN217153494U) discloses a drainage pipe inspection device that uses a built-in motor to drive a turntable and a wiping sponge to wipe the inspection body. However, this structure requires a rotating rod to pass through the device housing and connect to the external cleaning components, making the dynamic seal prone to failure due to wear or mud intrusion. Prior art document 2 (CN117419237A) also uses a bidirectional servo motor to drive the wheel and cleaning pins via a transmission rod. The transmission rod needs to extend outside the device, which not only increases the complexity of the dynamic seal but also makes the sealing ring prone to aging and failure in deep-hole, high-pressure water environments, leading to mud backflow and damage to internal precision electronic components. Although the pipe crawler in prior art document 3 (CN113685656A) uses a cleaning spindle to clean the inner wall of the pipe, its walking legs and cleaning mechanism both require complex mechanical linkages, also facing sealing challenges.

[0004] 2. The cleaning method is limited and cannot handle sticky stains and stubborn deposits. Existing cleaning methods mostly involve simple brush wiping or sponge adsorption, with limited cleaning power. The "wiping sponge" in Comparative Document 1 can only remove light dust; it cannot effectively remove viscous formation fluids, colored particles, or dried mud from the borehole, resulting in blurred images. While Comparative Document 2 includes cleaning spikes and scrapers, these are primarily for removing sludge from the inner walls of the pipe and rely on the device's movement, making it unable to perform targeted, high-frequency reciprocating scraping of the camera window. Once the device stops moving, dirt accumulates rapidly, leading to "blind testing." Furthermore, the cleaning shovel in Comparative Document 3 is mainly used to scrape off deposits from the pipe walls, rather than for self-cleaning the transparent window, thus failing to address the core issue of the imaging window being covered.

[0005] 3. Lack of adaptive alignment mechanism results in blind spots and distortion in the imaging field of view. In horizontal or inclined boreholes, due to irregular borehole diameters, sediment accumulation, or the device's own weight, the detection device is prone to tilting to one side of the borehole wall, causing the camera module's optical axis to deviate from the borehole center, resulting in imaging blind spots or edge distortion. Reference document 1 relies solely on roller support and lacks radial adaptive capability; reference document 2, while having adjustable wheels, can only adapt to changes in pipe diameter and cannot guarantee strict centering of the camera module; reference document 3, although featuring extendable legs, primarily serves for obstacle crossing and lacks an elastic centering mechanism. This "single-point support" or "rigid contact" mode is prone to causing device tilting due to vibration in long-distance horizontal boreholes, making the acquired images unable to accurately reflect the geometry around the borehole wall, severely impacting the accuracy of landslide slip surface monitoring data.

[0006] 4. Complex structure and high maintenance costs To achieve cleaning and walking functions, existing technologies often integrate too many motors and transmission components (such as the bidirectional servo motor, drive motor, and electronically controlled air pump in Comparative Document 2), resulting in bulky devices, high energy consumption, and increased failure rates. In deep-hole operations, if the transmission mechanism jams or the seal fails, the entire device needs to be recycled and repaired, greatly increasing the difficulty and cost of the operation.

[0007] In summary, there is an urgent need for a visual monitoring device that does not require mechanical drilling and transmission, has a highly reliable dynamic seal, can actively remove stubborn stains, and can adapt to the borehole center, in order to solve the problem of long-term online monitoring in deep hole high-pressure and high-pollution environments. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solution to the aforementioned problems. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: This invention discloses a horizontal hole adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function, comprising an elastically positioned drill bit device at the front end of the device, which serves as the front-end guiding component of the device, responsible for obstacle breaking and guidance, and using an elastic structure to adapt to changes in hole diameter, providing stable front-end support for the subsequent camera unit. The rear end of the elastically positioned drill bit device is provided with a self-cleaning camera unit, which is the core functional unit of the device, integrating imaging and self-cleaning functions. The tail end of the self-cleaning camera unit is provided with a tail-end guiding unit, which serves as the rear-end support and cable connection component of the device, preventing the device from tilting inside the hole, ensuring overall horizontality, and protecting the cable. The self-cleaning camera unit includes a transparent tube, which serves as both a protective cover for the camera module and a track for the sliding iron core, ensuring light transmittance. The camera module, housed within the transparent tube, performs image acquisition and drives a magnetically coupled drive mechanism for self-cleaning the exterior of the camera module, enabling non-contact power transmission and driving the movement of external cleaning components. The magnetically coupled drive mechanism includes a ring electromagnet, the source of the magnetic field, which changes the magnetic poles by altering the current direction; an iron core, the actuator of the magnetically coupled drive, which reciprocates under the influence of the magnetic field, directly scraping the outer wall of the transparent tube; and a control circuit, the "brain" of the control system, responsible for switching the current direction of the electromagnet to achieve logical control of the reciprocating motion. The ring electromagnet is fixedly installed inside the transparent tube. The iron core uses a permanent magnet and is slidably fitted onto the outside of the transparent tube, with the inner circumferential surface of the iron core in contact with the outer wall surface of the transparent tube. The control circuit is electrically connected to the ring electromagnet.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastically positioned drill bit device includes a front cone, a front support spring, and a front slider; the front cone has a streamlined structure with an internal mounting cavity, the streamlined design reducing forward resistance, and the interior providing mounting space for the spring and slider; one end of the front support spring is fixed to the bottom of the mounting cavity, and the other end is fixedly connected to the front slider, providing elastic restoring force so that the slider can retract when encountering obstacles or changes in borehole diameter, and always remain in close contact with the borehole wall; the front slider is symmetrically arranged at the front end of the front cone along the circumferential direction, and extends outward in its natural state, a rolling / sliding component that directly contacts the borehole wall, maintaining the center of the device at the center of the drill hole; the rear end of the front cone is sealed to the front end of the transparent tube through a front end cap.

[0010] Furthermore, the self-cleaning camera unit also includes a lens bracket, a circuit board, and sealing structures at both ends of the transparent tube; the camera module includes three cameras, which are fixed to the center of the transparent tube via the lens bracket to ensure 360-degree coverage; the circuit board is fixed inside the transparent tube and electrically connected to the camera module and the annular electromagnet, respectively, carrying the control circuit and image processing circuit, and distributing power and signals; the transparent tube has a front end cover and a rear end cover at both ends, the front end cover is fixedly connected to the front cone head, and the rear end cover is connected to the tail end guide unit, sealing both ends of the transparent tube to form a sealed cavity and protect the internal precision electronic components.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner circumferential surface of the iron core is provided with an axially oriented mounting groove to provide space for the slip ring to be embedded, preventing the slip ring from falling off. The slip ring is embedded in the mounting groove. The slip ring is a key friction-reducing component and is made of a low-friction material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, to reduce the frictional resistance between the iron core and the transparent tube when sliding. The inner surface of the slip ring slides against the outer wall of the transparent tube. The surface of the slip ring and the remaining inner circumferential surface of the iron core are covered with a wear-resistant synthetic rubber layer. The wear-resistant synthetic rubber layer is a key scraping component, providing elastic contact force to scrape away stubborn stains, while filling the tiny gaps between the slip ring and the transparent tube to assist in sealing. The inner surfaces of the front end cap and the rear end cap are provided with waterproof sealing rings to prevent water and mud from entering the transparent tube, protecting the circuit board and camera. The waterproof sealing rings are interference-fitted with the end face and outer wall of the transparent tube to ensure the clamping force of the sealing rings.

[0012] Furthermore, both the front and rear covers are provided with a combined low-friction sealing structure on their outer edges. This combined low-friction sealing structure includes the waterproof sealing ring and the slip ring, forming a functionally complementary composite structure. The inner circumferential surfaces of the front and rear covers are provided with sealing grooves to accommodate the waterproof sealing ring, precisely positioning the waterproof sealing ring. The waterproof sealing ring is made of elastic rubber and applies radial preload to the transparent tube. The slip ring is located axially inside the waterproof sealing ring, making it closer to the high-pressure side or the moving side, preferentially bearing friction, protecting the sealing ring from wear, and simultaneously using the sealing ring to block external mud and sand, preventing them from entering the slip ring friction surface.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a limiting structure to prevent the iron core from falling off during reciprocating motion; the limiting structure includes a limiting screw, which is threaded to the outer side wall of the front end cover and the rear end cover, and the inner end of the limiting screw extends into the inner cavity of the front end cover and the rear end cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the tail end guide unit includes a rear end cover, a rear support spring, and a rear slider. The rear end cover is fixedly connected to the rear end of the self-cleaning camera unit. One end of the rear support spring is fixed inside the rear end cover, providing elastic support for the rear end and forming two-point support with the front end, preventing the device from shaking during long-distance drilling. The other end is fixedly connected to the rear slider, which is the component that contacts the hole wall at the rear end, and works with the rear support spring to achieve adaptive centering of the rear end. The rear slider is symmetrically arranged at the rear end of the rear end cover along the circumferential direction and extends outward in its natural state. The tail end of the rear end cover is provided with a tensile-resistant waterproof connection assembly, which is specifically designed to protect the cable inlet, prevent the cable from being pulled apart by force, and prevent water from seeping in from the cable. The tensile-resistant waterproof connection assembly is connected to the multi-core cable by a reinforced waterproof sealing ring. The reinforced waterproof sealing ring is specially designed for sealing at the cable connection point and can withstand greater compression and tension.

[0015] Furthermore, the three cameras are evenly distributed circumferentially at a 60° angle with respect to the central axis of the transparent tube. The three cameras are 60 degrees apart, which can achieve panoramic coverage or specific stereoscopic visual effects, facilitating subsequent image stitching and defect location. The lens bracket is a ring structure with three mounting slots on its inner circumferential surface to fix the three cameras respectively. The outer circumferential surface of the lens bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transparent tube.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a threader, one end of which is fixedly connected to the tail of the tail guide unit, and the other end extends to the outside of the device; the multi-core cable passes through the inside of the threader and is electrically connected to the circuit board inside the tail guide unit, for guiding the device into the deep hole, and serving as a traction rope during retrieval to protect the internal multi-core cable from being scratched.

[0017] A method for using a horizontal hole adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function includes the following steps: S1: The above device is guided into the horizontal borehole by the threader. The elastically positioning drill bit at the front end of the device contacts the borehole wall. The front slider compresses the front support spring under the pressure of the borehole wall, so as to achieve self-adaptive centering of the front end of the device. S2: The tail end guide unit of the device enters the drill hole, and the rear slider is compressed by the hole wall and supports the spring. Together with the front end, it realizes the double-end elastic alignment of the entire device, so that the optical axis of the camera module coincides with the center line of the drill hole. S3: Start the camera module to acquire images, and transmit the image signal to the external display terminal via a multi-core cable; S4: When dirt adheres to the outer wall of the transparent tube and affects imaging, the magnetic coupling drive mechanism is activated; the control circuit changes the current direction of the ring electromagnet and uses the magnetic coupling force to drive the external iron core to make high-frequency reciprocating linear motion along the axis of the transparent tube. S5: The wear-resistant synthetic rubber layer on the inner circumference of the iron core contacts the outer wall of the transparent tube to scrape off stains; at the same time, the polytetrafluoroethylene slip ring slides relative to the outer wall of the transparent tube to maintain low frictional resistance. S6: After the test is completed, the device is pulled out along the borehole using a threader to complete the monitoring operation.

[0018] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention employs magnetic coupling drive. An internal annular electromagnet generates a magnetic field when energized, and this magnetic force penetrates the transparent tube and acts on the external iron core. By changing the current direction through a control circuit, the iron core is driven to perform high-frequency reciprocating motion along the axial direction. Power is transmitted via the magnetic field, eliminating the need for a drive shaft through a hole in the transparent tube. This completely avoids water leakage caused by dynamic seal failure. Without disassembling the device or compromising the seal, the external iron core can directly scrape the outer wall of the transparent tube to remove stains in real time, ensuring image clarity during long-term monitoring and reducing maintenance costs.

[0019] 2. The front slider of the present invention compresses the front support spring under the pressure of the hole wall, and the rear slider at the rear end is also supported by the spring, forming a "double-end elastic straightening", which enables the device to automatically adapt to drill holes of different diameters and always keep the transparent tube and the camera module on the central axis of the drill hole, avoiding camera blind spots and ensuring that the collected images can truly reflect the situation around the hole wall, greatly improving the accuracy and comparability of monitoring data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the self-cleaning camera unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This invention relates to a self-cleaning camera unit with perspective capabilities. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This invention relates to a self-cleaning camera unit with perspective capabilities. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a top view of the self-cleaning camera unit of the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1: Elastically positioned drill bit device; 1-1: Front cone; 1-2: Front support spring; 1-3: Front slider; 1-4: Front end cover; 2: Self-cleaning camera unit; 2-1: Limiting screw; 2-2: Iron core; 2-3: Transparent tube; 2-4: Screw; 2-5: Ring electromagnet; 2-6: Front waterproof sealing ring; 2-7: Circuit board; 2-8: Rear waterproof sealing ring; 2-9: Camera; 2-10: Lens bracket; 3: Tail end guide unit; 3-1: Rear end cover; 3-2: Rear support spring; 3-3: Rear slider; 4: Housing. Detailed Implementation

[0022] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0023] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: Structure of an adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal hole Reference Figures 1 to 6 The embodiment provides a horizontal hole adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function, which mainly consists of three functional modules: a drill bit device 1 with elastic positioning, a self-cleaning camera unit 2, and a tail end guide unit 3.

[0025] 1. Flexible positioning drill bit device The device is positioned at the very front of the overall structure to enable adaptive centering within narrow or irregular boreholes.

[0026] The front cone 1-1 features a streamlined design and is made of high-strength stainless steel or hard alloy to reduce feed resistance in viscous mud or complex geological conditions. It has an internal mounting cavity to accommodate the spring and slider assembly.

[0027] The front support spring 1-2 is made of spring steel with high elasticity and fatigue life. One end of it is welded or clipped to the bottom of the mounting cavity of the front cone 1-1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the front slider 1-3.

[0028] The front sliders 1-3 are made of wear-resistant materials, consisting of balls or sliders, and are symmetrically arranged along the circumference (usually 3-6). In their natural state, the front sliders 1-3 extend outward under the action of spring force, with a diameter slightly larger than the average diameter of the drilled hole. When the device is inserted into the drilled hole, the front sliders 1-3 are squeezed back by the hole wall, and the radial preload force automatically keeps the center of the device on the axis of the drilled hole.

[0029] The front cover 1-4 is connected to the rear end of the front cone 1-1 by thread or flange, and is sealed to the front end of the transparent tube 2-3 of the self-cleaning camera unit.

[0030] 2. Self-cleaning camera unit This unit, located in the middle of the device, is key to achieving high-definition imaging and real-time cleaning.

[0031] The transparent tube 2-3 serves as the main outer shell of the device, made of high-transmittance, high-strength quartz glass or polycarbonate (PC) material. It acts as both a pressure-resistant window protecting the internal camera module and a sliding guide rail for the external cleaning mechanism.

[0032] The camera module 2-10 contains three miniature high-definition cameras, which are fixed to the internal geometric center of the transparent tube 2-3 by a ring-shaped lens bracket. The three cameras are evenly distributed around the central axis of the transparent tube 2-3 at a 60° angle, achieving 360° panoramic monitoring without blind spots.

[0033] Circuit board 2-7 is fixed inside transparent tube 2-3 and integrates image acquisition and processing module, power management module and control logic. Circuit board 2-7 is electrically connected to camera module 2-10 and ring electromagnet 2-5 via wiring harnesses.

[0034] The magnetic coupling drive mechanism is the core component for achieving non-contact power transmission.

[0035] The annular electromagnet 2-5 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the transparent tube 2-3 by screws 2-4.

[0036] The iron core 2-2 is a cylindrical structure made of a soft magnetic material with good magnetic permeability, and is slidably sleeved on the outside of the transparent tube 2-3.

[0037] The inner circumferential surface of the slip ring and wear-resistant core 2-2 has an axially oriented mounting groove, into which a slip ring (made of polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE) is embedded. The inner surface of the slip ring slides against the outer wall of the transparent tube 2-3. The remaining part of the inner circumferential surface of the core 2-2 and the surface of the slip ring are covered with a wear-resistant synthetic rubber layer for scraping off stains.

[0038] Sealing structure: The two ends of the transparent tube 2-3 are sealed by the front cover 1-4 and the rear cover 3-1.

[0039] Waterproof sealing rings 2-6 / 2-8 have sealing grooves on the inner sides of the front end cap 1-4 and the rear end cap 3-1. The waterproof sealing rings made of elastic rubber are embedded in the grooves. Through interference fit, they tightly press the end face and outer wall of the transparent tube 2-3 to achieve an IP68 level static seal.

[0040] The combined low-friction sealing slip ring is located on the axial inner side of the waterproof sealing ring (close to the high-pressure mud side). It uses the sealing ring to prevent external mud and sand from entering the friction surface of the slip ring, while the slip ring bears the main sliding friction, protecting the sealing ring from shear damage.

[0041] The limiting structure has a limiting screw 2-1 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the front cover 1-4 and the rear cover 3-1. The inner end of the screw extends into the inner cavity to limit the axial sliding stroke of the iron core 2-2 and prevent it from falling off.

[0042] 3. Tail-end guide unit This unit is located at the rear of the device to prevent the device from "lifting up" and to protect the cables.

[0043] The rear cover 3-1 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the self-cleaning camera unit.

[0044] The structure of the rear support spring 3-2 and the rear slider 3-3 is similar to that of the front end. One end of the rear support spring 3-2 is fixed inside the rear end cover 3-1, and the other end is connected to the rear slider 3-3. The rear slider 3-3 is symmetrically distributed around the rear of the rear end cover 3-1 and extends out in its natural state. The cooperation of the spring sliders at both ends ensures that the device remains horizontal within the long horizontal hole.

[0045] The rear end cap 3-1 of the tensile-resistant and waterproof connector assembly has a dedicated connector at its tail, and contains a reinforced waterproof sealing ring. A multi-core cable passes through this assembly and is electrically connected to the internal circuit board 2-7, achieving tensile resistance and waterproofing through compression sealing.

[0046] 4. Auxiliary components One end of the cable threader is fixed to the tail of the tail guide unit, while the other end extends out of the hole. The multi-core cable is threaded through the cable threader, guided into the hole by the cable threader guide device, and also acts as a traction rope during retrieval to prevent the cable from being scratched.

[0047] Example 2: Usage and Working Principle of the Device The workflow of this invention is as follows: Step S1: Align the manhole with the front end Using the front end of the threading device, the elastically positioned drill bit is fed into the horizontal borehole. After the front cone 1-1 enters the borehole, the front slider 1-3 contacts the borehole wall. Due to potential fluctuations or reductions in borehole diameter, the front slider 1-3 is compressed by the front support spring 1-2, causing it to retract into the mounting cavity. Utilizing the spring's reaction force, the front slider 1-3 remains firmly against the borehole wall, "aligning" the front end of the device and ensuring that the center of the transparent tube 2-3 is approximately located at the center of the borehole.

[0048] Step S2: Overall straightening and positioning As the device continues to penetrate deeper, the tail guide unit enters the borehole. The rear slider 3-3 is compressed under the pressure of the borehole wall, supporting the spring 3-2. The double-ended elastic supports at the front and rear ends form a mechanical balance, eliminating the device's swaying and tilting within the borehole, and ensuring that the optical axis of the camera module 2-10 is strictly aligned with the borehole axis.

[0049] Step S3: Image Acquisition Connect the external display terminal to the multi-core cable. Start circuit board 2-7; camera module 2-10 will then begin operation. Three cameras positioned at 60° angles simultaneously capture images, transmitting them in real-time to the ground or control room via the multi-core cable. Operators can obtain a panoramic, high-definition view of the borehole's inner wall.

[0050] Step S4: Self-cleaning triggered During monitoring, if mud, oil, or colored fluid adheres to the outer wall of the transparent tube 2-3 inside the borehole, causing the image to become blurry, the operator can activate the self-cleaning mode via an external control switch.

[0051] Step S5: Magnetic Coupler Driven Scraping Control circuit 2-7 controls the current direction of the ring electromagnet 2-5 to switch periodically (e.g., 1-5 times per second).

[0052] When the current is positive, the electromagnet generates a N pole magnetic field, which attracts the iron core 2-2 to move in a certain direction; When the current is reversed, the electromagnet generates a S-pole magnetic field, which repels the iron core 2-2 to move in the opposite direction.

[0053] As the magnetic force penetrates the transparent tube 2-3 and acts on the iron core 2-2, the iron core 2-2 makes a high-frequency reciprocating linear motion on the outer wall of the transparent tube.

[0054] Scraping action: The wear-resistant synthetic rubber layer on the inner circumference of the iron core 2-2 is in close contact with the outer wall of the transparent tube 2-3. By utilizing the elasticity and friction of the rubber, the stubborn stains (such as dried mud) are physically scraped off.

[0055] Friction reduction action: Simultaneously, the PTFE slip ring embedded in the iron core 2-2 slides relative to the outer wall of the transparent tube 2-3. Due to the extremely low coefficient of friction of PTFE (approximately 0.04), the resistance to the reciprocating motion of the iron core is significantly reduced, allowing a low-power electromagnet to drive the iron core to move at high frequency without generating excessive heat or wear.

[0056] Sealing protection: During this process, the waterproof sealing rings 2-6 / 2-8 at the front and rear covers maintain a static seal to prevent high-pressure water from entering the hole; the slip ring in the combined sealing structure is located on the inside to prevent mud and sand from entering the root of the sealing ring.

[0057] Step S6: Recycling After the monitoring task is completed, the operator slowly pulls the device out along the borehole using a cable puller. During this process, the front slider 1-3 and the rear slider 3-3 extend again under the action of spring force, and the auxiliary device is successfully withdrawn. At the same time, the cable puller protects the multi-core cable from being scratched by the borehole wall.

[0058] The embodiments described above merely illustrate specific implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are detailed and specific, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the technical solution of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A horizontal hole adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function, characterized in that, It includes an elastically positioned drill bit device disposed at the front end of the device, a self-cleaning camera unit disposed at the rear end of the elastically positioned drill bit device, and a tail end guide unit disposed at the tail end of the self-cleaning camera unit. The device includes a transparent tube, a camera module disposed within the transparent tube, and a magnetic coupling drive mechanism for driving the camera module to perform self-cleaning. The magnetic coupling drive mechanism includes a ring electromagnet, an iron core, and a control circuit. The ring electromagnet is fixedly disposed inside the transparent tube. The iron core is slidably sleeved on the outside of the transparent tube, and the inner circumferential surface of the iron core is in contact with the outer wall surface of the transparent tube. The control circuit is electrically connected to the ring electromagnet.

2. The adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resiliently positioned drill bit device includes a front cone, a front support spring, and a front slider; the front cone has a streamlined structure with an internal mounting cavity; one end of the front support spring is fixed to the bottom of the mounting cavity, and the other end is fixedly connected to the front slider; the front slider is symmetrically arranged at the front end of the front cone along the circumferential direction and extends outward in its natural state; the rear end of the front cone is sealed to the front end of the transparent tube through a front end cap.

3. The adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal hole according to claim 2, characterized in that, The self-cleaning camera unit also includes a lens bracket, a circuit board, and sealing structures at both ends of the transparent tube; the camera module includes three cameras, which are fixed to the center of the transparent tube via the lens bracket; the circuit board is fixed inside the transparent tube and electrically connected to the camera module and the annular electromagnet respectively; the two ends of the transparent tube are respectively provided with a front end cover and a rear end cover, the front end cover is fixedly connected to the front cone head, and the rear end cover is connected to the tail end guide unit.

4. The adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal hole according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner circumferential surface of the iron core is provided with an axial mounting groove, and a slip ring is embedded in the mounting groove. The inner surface of the slip ring slides against the outer wall surface of the transparent tube. The surface of the slip ring and the remaining inner circumferential surface of the iron core are covered with a wear-resistant synthetic rubber layer. The inner surfaces of the front end cover and the rear end cover are provided with waterproof sealing rings, and the waterproof sealing rings are interference-fitted with the end face and outer wall of the transparent tube.

5. The adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal hole according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the front and rear covers have a combined low-friction sealing structure on their outer edges; the combined low-friction sealing structure includes the waterproof sealing ring and the slip ring; the inner circumferential surfaces of the front and rear covers have sealing grooves for accommodating the waterproof sealing ring, and the waterproof sealing ring is made of elastic rubber.

6. The adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal hole according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting structure; the limiting structure includes a limiting screw, which is threaded to the outer side wall of the front end cover and the rear end cover, and the inner end of the limiting screw extends into the inner cavity of the front end cover and the rear end cover.

7. The adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal hole according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tail end guide unit includes a rear end cover, a rear support spring, and a rear slider. The rear end cover is fixedly connected to the rear end of the self-cleaning camera unit. One end of the rear support spring is fixed inside the rear end cover, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rear slider. The rear slider is symmetrically arranged at the rear end of the rear end cover along the circumferential direction and extends outward in its natural state. The tail end of the rear end cover is provided with a tensile-resistant waterproof connection assembly, which is connected to the multi-core cable by a reinforced waterproof sealing ring.

8. The adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal hole according to claim 3 or 7, characterized in that, The three cameras are evenly distributed circumferentially at a 60° angle with respect to the central axis of the transparent tube; the lens bracket is a ring structure with three mounting slots on its inner circumferential surface to fix the three cameras respectively; the outer circumferential surface of the lens bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transparent tube.

9. The adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function in a horizontal hole according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a threader; one end of the threader is fixedly connected to the tail of the tail guide unit, and the other end extends to the outside of the device; the multi-core cable passes through the inside of the threader and is electrically connected to the circuit board inside the tail guide unit.

10. A method of using a horizontal hole adaptive camera monitoring device with magnetic coupling self-cleaning function, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The device described in claim 9 is guided into a horizontal borehole by a threader. The elastically positioning drill bit device at the front end of the device contacts the borehole wall. The front slider compresses the front support spring under the pressure of the borehole wall, thereby achieving adaptive centering of the front end of the device. S2: The tail end guide unit of the device enters the drill hole, and the rear slider is compressed by the hole wall and supports the spring. Together with the front end, it realizes the double-end elastic alignment of the entire device, so that the optical axis of the camera module coincides with the center line of the drill hole. S3: Start the camera module to acquire images, and transmit the image signal to the external display terminal via a multi-core cable; S4: When dirt adheres to the outer wall of the transparent tube and affects imaging, the magnetic coupling drive mechanism is activated; the control circuit changes the current direction of the ring electromagnet and uses the magnetic coupling force to drive the external iron core to make high-frequency reciprocating linear motion along the axis of the transparent tube. S5: The wear-resistant synthetic rubber layer on the inner circumference of the iron core contacts the outer wall of the transparent tube to remove stains; at the same time, the polytetrafluoroethylene slip ring slides relative to the outer wall of the transparent tube to maintain low frictional resistance. S6: After the test is completed, the device is pulled out along the borehole using a threader to complete the monitoring operation.

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