A power regulation system and method for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier

Abstract

This invention discloses a power adjustment system and method for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier, relating to the field of audio processing technology. The system includes an audio acquisition module, a sound quality requirement analysis module, a load partitioning module, and a power adjustment module. It acquires the audio signals and audio types played by each load connected to the power amplifier's output; obtains the sound quality requirement level for each load based on the audio type; partitions the loads according to the sound quality requirement level to obtain sound quality requirement zones; and adjusts the power of the loads in different sound quality requirement zones to achieve the corresponding sound quality requirements. This invention achieves differentiated power adjustment for loads in different regions by automatically identifying sound quality requirements based on audio type and automatically partitioning the loads according to those requirements. This solves the problem in existing technologies where the inability to automatically identify sound quality requirements based on the audio type played by each load and automatically partition the loads according to those requirements leads to poor overall power adjustment performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of audio processing technology, and in particular to a power regulation system and method for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier. Background Technology

[0002] Constant voltage power amplifiers are commonly used power amplification devices in public address, background music, and large stadium sound reinforcement systems. They output a standard 70V or 100V constant voltage signal, which drives multiple parallel speaker loads through line transformers. They have advantages such as long transmission distance and the ability to expand the load in parallel.

[0003] In practical applications, different loads often need to play different types of audio content, and the sound quality requirements of different audio content vary significantly. However, existing constant voltage power amplifiers cannot automatically identify the sound quality requirements based on the type of audio played by each load, nor can they automatically partition the load according to sound quality requirements. This results in poor overall power regulation, with loads with high sound quality requirements failing to obtain sufficient high-fidelity output, while loads with low sound quality requirements may be allocated too many sound quality resources, leading to waste.

[0004] Therefore, how to automatically identify the audio quality requirements based on the audio type played by each load, and automatically partition the load according to the audio quality requirements, thereby improving the overall effect of power regulation, has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a power regulation system and method for a high-fidelity constant voltage power amplifier, which aims to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot automatically identify the sound quality requirements according to the audio type played by each load and automatically partition the load according to the sound quality requirements, resulting in poor overall power regulation effect.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a power regulation system for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier, comprising an audio acquisition module, a sound quality demand analysis module, a load partitioning module, and a power regulation module connected via communication, wherein: The audio acquisition module is used to acquire the audio signals and audio types played by each load connected to the power amplifier output terminal; The audio quality requirement analysis module is used to obtain the audio quality requirement level for each load based on the audio type. The load partitioning module is used to partition the load according to the sound quality requirement level to obtain a predetermined number of sound quality requirement zones. The power adjustment module is used to adjust the load power for different sound quality requirement areas so that the audio signal meets the corresponding sound quality requirements.

[0007] Furthermore, the audio types include voice signals, background music signals, dynamic music signals, alarm signals, and / or notification signals.

[0008] Furthermore, obtaining the sound quality requirement level for each load based on the audio type includes: Based on the preset mapping relationship between audio type and sound quality requirement level, the audio type played by the load is mapped to the corresponding sound quality requirement level. According to the sound quality requirement level, retrieve the target sound quality parameter set associated with that level. The target sound quality parameter set includes total harmonic distortion + noise, intermodulation distortion, frequency response range, frequency response flatness, signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range, crosstalk, phase distortion and / or transient response indicators. The target sound quality parameter set is determined as the sound quality requirement that the load currently needs to achieve.

[0009] Further, the load is partitioned according to the stated sound quality requirement level to obtain a predetermined number of sound quality requirement zones, including the following steps: The spatial coordinates of each load are obtained through a pre-built coordinate system; Calculate the distance coefficients between each load based on the spatial coordinate points; For any two loads, by fusing and comparing the sound quality requirement level and distance coefficient between the two loads, it is determined whether the two loads should be classified into the same sound quality requirement zone; Iterate through all the partitioning results to obtain the final predetermined number of audio quality requirement zones.

[0010] Furthermore, obtaining the spatial coordinates of each load through a pre-built coordinate system includes: Construct a two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinate system with the amplifier installation location as the origin; Based on the physical installation location of each load, the corresponding spatial coordinate points are marked in the coordinate system; the spatial coordinate points are obtained through manual configuration and input, automatic identification through bus scanning, or positioning through wireless beacons.

[0011] Further, the step of calculating the distance coefficient between each load based on the spatial coordinate points includes: Calculate the Euclidean distance between any two spatial coordinate points of the load; After normalizing the Euclidean distance, a distance coefficient with a value range of [0,1] is obtained; The smaller the distance coefficient, the closer the two load spaces are; the larger the distance coefficient, the farther the two load spaces are.

[0012] Furthermore, the step of determining whether to classify the two loads into the same sound quality requirement zone by fusing and comparing the sound quality requirement level and distance coefficient between the two loads includes: The fusion determination value between the two loads is calculated using the following formula: F = α·S + β·(1-D); In the formula, F is the fusion judgment value; S is the difference value of the sound quality requirement level between the two loads, α is the corresponding difference value weight; D is the distance coefficient, β is the corresponding distance coefficient weight; where α+β=1; When the fusion determination value is greater than the preset fusion threshold, the two loads are divided into the same sound quality requirement area; otherwise, the two loads are divided into different sound quality requirement areas.

[0013] Furthermore, adjusting the load power for different sound quality requirement zones to ensure the audio signal meets the corresponding sound quality requirements includes: Obtain the target sound quality parameter set corresponding to the target sound quality requirement area; The audio signal at the output of the power amplifier within the required sound quality area is collected in real time, and the current actual sound quality parameter set is calculated. The actual sound quality parameter set is compared with the target sound quality parameter set to generate a deviation signal; The power adjustment parameters corresponding to the sound quality demand zone are dynamically adjusted according to the deviation signal until the deviation signal is lower than the preset deviation condition; the power adjustment parameters include input signal amplitude, amplification gain, output limiting threshold and / or power supply voltage.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a power regulation method for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier, applied to the power regulation system of the high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier as described above, comprising the following steps: Obtain the audio signals and audio types played by each load connected to the power amplifier output; Based on the audio type, obtain the sound quality requirement level for each load; The load is partitioned according to the sound quality requirement level to obtain a predetermined number of sound quality requirement zones; The load power is adjusted for different audio quality requirements so that the audio signal meets the corresponding audio quality requirements.

[0015] The above technical solution has the following technical effects: This invention solves the problem of existing technologies being unable to automatically identify sound quality requirements based on the audio type played by each load by acquiring the audio signals and audio types played by each load. It also solves the problem of existing technologies being unable to automatically partition loads according to sound quality requirements by automatically partitioning loads according to sound quality requirements by automatically zoning loads according to sound quality requirements by automatically partitioning loads according to sound quality requirements by automatically zoning loads according to sound quality requirements by automatically adjusting the load power of different sound quality requirement zones. Furthermore, it avoids the problem of poor overall power adjustment effect caused by the inability to automatically identify sound quality requirements and automatically partition loads by differentially adjusting the load power of different sound quality requirement zones, thus improving the power adjustment effect of constant voltage power amplifiers in multi-load scenarios.

[0016] In a further embodiment, the spatial coordinates of each load are obtained through a pre-constructed coordinate system, the distance coefficient between each load is calculated, and the sound quality requirement level and the distance coefficient are fused and compared to determine the partition assignment. This allows loads that are spatially adjacent and have similar sound quality requirements to be assigned to the same sound quality requirement zone, which ensures the on-demand allocation of sound quality resources and avoids the waste of system resources caused by overly fine partitioning.

[0017] In a further embodiment, by acquiring the target sound quality parameter set corresponding to the target sound quality requirement area, collecting the actual sound quality parameter set in real time and comparing it with the target value to generate a deviation signal, and dynamically adjusting the power adjustment parameters according to the deviation signal, a closed-loop control mechanism is formed to ensure that the audio signal of each zone continuously meets the preset sound quality requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the power regulation system of a high-fidelity constant voltage power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a power adjustment method for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of the present invention, primarily used to illustrate the embodiments and to explain the operating principles of the embodiments in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementations and the advantages of the present invention. Components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0021] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1: Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the power adjustment system for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system can be implemented in public address systems, hotel background music systems, school campus broadcasting systems, or shopping mall zone broadcasting environments, based on an embedded processor or digital signal processor (DSP) hardware platform. The system adopts a modular architecture, with data exchange between functional modules via an internal communication bus or shared memory. The system's main control unit uses an ARM Cortex-A series processor or an equivalent DSP chip, running a real-time operating system or an embedded Linux system. The front end can be configured and monitored via a touchscreen or a web management interface. The system is responsible for audio signal acquisition and analysis, determination of sound quality requirements, spatial zoning of the load, and differentiated power adjustment of each zone.

[0023] After system startup, initial configuration is performed first. The administrator defines the overall operating parameters of the system through the configuration interface, including: the rated output voltage of the power amplifier (70V or 100V), maximum output power, load connection relationships of each output channel, and spatial location information of each load. Spatial location information is entered through a pre-built coordinate system, with the power amplifier installation location as the origin (0, 0, 0). Based on the physical installation location of each load, i.e., the speaker or loudspeaker, the corresponding spatial coordinate points (x, y, z) are marked in the three-dimensional coordinate system. Coordinate points can be manually configured, automatically identified through bus scanning, or obtained through wireless beacon positioning. For example, the load coordinate point for conference room A is (2, 3, 1), the load coordinate point for conference room B is (8, 3, 1), the load coordinate point for the corridor is (5, 1, 0), and the load coordinate point for the lobby is (12, 5, 2); the coordinate unit is meters.

[0024] The system also pre-defines a mapping table between audio types and sound quality requirement levels. In this embodiment, audio types are divided into five categories: dynamic music signals such as rock music and symphonies, background music signals such as ambient music and light music, voice signals such as conference speeches and broadcast announcements, alarm signals such as fire alarms and emergency evacuation announcements, and notification signals such as missing person notices and timed reminders. Sound quality requirement levels are divided into three levels: high sound quality requirement, medium sound quality requirement, and low sound quality requirement. The mapping relationship is as follows: dynamic music signals are mapped to high sound quality requirement, background music signals and voice signals are mapped to medium sound quality requirement, and alarm signals and notification signals are mapped to low sound quality requirement.

[0025] Each audio quality requirement level is associated with a set of target audio quality parameters. In this embodiment, the target audio quality parameter set is defined as follows: High-quality audio requirements: Total harmonic distortion + noise (THD+N) ≤ 0.1%, intermodulation distortion (IMD) ≤ 0.1%, frequency response range 20Hz-20kHz ± 0.5dB, frequency response flatness ± 0.5dB, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ≥ 90dB, dynamic range ≥ 100dB, crosstalk ≤ -60dB, phase distortion ≤ ± 5 degrees, transient response rise time ≤ 10 microseconds.

[0026] Mid-range audio quality requirements: Total harmonic distortion + noise (THD+N) ≤ 1.0%, intermodulation distortion (IMD) ≤ 1.0%, frequency response range 100Hz-15kHz ± 2dB, frequency response flatness ± 2dB, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ≥ 70dB, dynamic range ≥ 80dB, crosstalk ≤ -40dB, phase distortion ≤ ± 15 degrees, transient response rise time ≤ 50 microseconds.

[0027] Low-quality requirements: Total harmonic distortion + noise (THD+N) ≤ 5.0%, intermodulation distortion (IMD) ≤ 5.0%, frequency response range 300Hz-8kHz ± 3dB, frequency response flatness ± 3dB, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ≥ 60dB, dynamic range ≥ 60dB, crosstalk ≤ -30dB, phase distortion ≤ ± 30 degrees, transient response rise time ≤ 100 microseconds.

[0028] The above parameter thresholds can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario, and this embodiment does not limit them.

[0029] After system initialization and parameter configuration are completed, the system enters the running phase. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the audio acquisition module acquires the audio signals played by each load connected to the power amplifier output in real time. The audio acquisition module is deployed at the signal input of the power amplifier or the front end of the digital signal processor (DSP). It converts analog audio signals into digital audio streams via an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), with a sampling rate set to 48kHz or 96kHz and a bit depth set to 16bit or 24bit. The audio acquisition module simultaneously acquires audio type information from the audio source file or data stream. There are three methods for acquiring the audio type: parsing the metadata or tags of the audio source file, such as the music or speech type marked in the ID3 tag; performing real-time time-frequency analysis on the audio signal to extract peak factor, zero-crossing rate, and spectral centroid features, and identifying the audio type based on a pre-trained classifier; and receiving audio type labeling information from a host computer or control system. In this embodiment, a hybrid approach is used: for audio sources with metadata, metadata is parsed first; for real-time audio streams without metadata, real-time time-frequency analysis and identification are enabled.

[0030] Taking a hotel's public address system as an example, different content is played in different areas during system operation: symphonic music is played in conference room A, conference speeches are played in conference room B, light music is played in the corridor, and a fire alarm is played in the lobby. The audio acquisition module collects the audio signals from each area and identifies their audio types, outputting the following results: conference room A contains dynamic music signals, conference room B contains voice signals, the corridor contains background music signals, and the lobby contains alarm signals.

[0031] The audio quality requirement analysis module receives the audio type output by the audio acquisition module and maps the audio type of each load to the corresponding audio quality requirement level according to a preset mapping relationship. In this embodiment, dynamic music signals are mapped to high audio quality requirements, voice signals to medium audio quality requirements, background music signals to medium audio quality requirements, and alarm signals to low audio quality requirements. The audio quality requirement analysis module further retrieves the target audio quality parameter set associated with the audio quality requirement level. For example, the target audio quality parameter set for conference room A includes THD+N≤0.1% and a frequency response range of 20Hz-20kHz; the target audio quality parameter set for conference room B includes THD+N≤1.0% and a frequency response range of 100Hz-15kHz; the target audio quality parameter set for the corridor is the same as that for conference room B; and the target audio quality parameter set for the lobby includes THD+N≤5.0% and a frequency response range of 300Hz-8kHz. The audio quality requirement analysis module determines the above target audio quality parameter set as the audio quality requirement that each load currently needs to achieve and outputs it to the load partitioning module.

[0032] The load partitioning module receives the sound quality requirement levels for each load from the sound quality requirement analysis module and performs partitioning based on spatial location information. The specific steps of the partitioning process are as follows: The spatial coordinates of each load are obtained through a pre-constructed coordinate system. In this embodiment, the spatial coordinates of each load are: load coordinates of conference room A (2, 3, 1), load coordinates of conference room B (8, 3, 1), load coordinates of the corridor (5, 1, 0), and load coordinates of the lobby (12, 5, 2). It should be noted that multiple loads may exist in the same physical area. For example, there are 4 speakers in conference room A, located at (1, 2, 1), (1, 4, 1), (3, 2, 1), and (3, 4, 1) respectively. These speakers belong to the same physical area and will be processed as a group of loads in subsequent processing.

[0033] The distance coefficient between each load is calculated based on its spatial coordinates. In this embodiment, the distance coefficient D is calculated as follows: First, the Euclidean distance between the spatial coordinates of any two loads is calculated; then, the Euclidean distance is normalized to obtain a distance coefficient D with a value range of [0, 1]. A smaller distance coefficient indicates that the two loads are spatially closer, and a larger distance coefficient indicates that the two loads are spatially farther apart.

[0034] For any two loads, the sound quality requirement level and distance coefficient between the two loads are compared to determine whether they should be classified into the same sound quality requirement zone. In this embodiment, the fusion decision value F is calculated using the following formula: F = α·S + β·(1-D). Where F is the fusion decision value, ranging from [0, 1]; S is the difference in sound quality requirement level between the two loads, α is the corresponding difference weight; D is the distance coefficient, β is the corresponding distance coefficient weight, and α + β = 1. In this embodiment, α = 0.6, β = 0.4, meaning the difference in sound quality requirement level has a 60% weight on the partitioning decision, and the spatial distance has a 40% weight.

[0035] The difference value S between the sound quality requirement levels is determined as follows: if the sound quality requirement levels of the two loads are the same, then S=1; if the sound quality requirement levels of the two loads are adjacent (e.g., high sound quality and mid sound quality are adjacent, or mid sound quality and low sound quality are adjacent), then S=0.5; if the sound quality requirement levels of the two loads are separated (e.g., high sound quality and low sound quality), then S=0. The preset fusion threshold T is set to 0.65 in this embodiment. When the fusion judgment value F is greater than the fusion threshold T, the two loads are divided into the same sound quality requirement zone; otherwise, they are divided into different sound quality requirement zones.

[0036] The following calculations determine the fusion criteria between each load pair: Meeting Room A and Meeting Room B: S=0.5, D≈0.120, 1-D=0.880, F=0.6×0.5+0.4×0.880=0.3+0.352=0.652. F=0.652, slightly greater than T=0.65, therefore Meeting Room A and Meeting Room B are classified as the same sound quality requirement zone.

[0037] Meeting Room A and the Corridor: S=0.5, D≈0.072, 1-D=0.928, F=0.6×0.5+0.4×0.928=0.3+0.371=0.671. F=0.671>0.65, therefore they are classified as the same sound quality requirement zone.

[0038] Conference Room A and the Lobby: S=0, D≈0.224, 1-D=0.776, F=0.6×0+0.4×0.776=0+0.310=0.310. F=0.310<0.65, thus divided into zones for different sound quality requirements.

[0039] Meeting Room B and the corridor: S=1, D≈0.072, 1-D=0.928, F=0.6×1+0.4×0.928=0.6+0.371=0.971. F=0.971>0.65, therefore they are classified as the same sound quality requirement zone.

[0040] Meeting Room B and the Lobby: S=0.5, D≈0.224, 1-D=0.776, F=0.6×0.5+0.4×0.776=0.3+0.310=0.610. F=0.610<0.65, thus divided into zones for different sound quality requirements.

[0041] Corridor and lobby: S=0.5, D≈0.224, 1-D=0.776, F=0.6×0.5+0.4×0.776=0.3+0.310=0.610. F=0.610<0.65, divided into zones for different sound quality requirements.

[0042] By iterating through all the partitioning results, the final predetermined number of audio quality requirement zones are obtained. In this embodiment, based on the pairwise comparison results above, meeting room A, meeting room B, and the corridor meet the merging conditions, therefore they are divided into the same audio quality requirement zone, denoted as audio quality requirement zone 1, such as the mid-high audio quality mixed zone. The lobby does not meet the merging conditions with other areas, therefore the lobby is divided into a separate audio quality requirement zone, denoted as audio quality requirement zone 2, such as the low audio quality zone. Finally, two audio quality requirement zones are obtained.

[0043] The system generates a unique zone identifier for each audio quality requirement zone and establishes a zone control mapping table. The zone control mapping table includes the following fields: zone identifier (e.g., Zone_1, Zone_2), spatial location range, load list, audio quality requirement level, target THD+N threshold, and target frequency response range. In this embodiment, Zone_1 includes the load of three physical areas: conference room A, conference room B, and the corridor. The audio quality requirement level is determined to be "mixed mid-to-high audio quality," and the system adopts an adjustment strategy that balances mid-to-high audio quality for this zone. Zone_2 includes the load of the lobby, with a low audio quality requirement level.

[0044] The power adjustment module receives the zone control mapping table and adjusts the load power for different sound quality requirement zones to ensure that the audio signal in each zone meets the corresponding sound quality requirements. The adjustment steps of the power adjustment module are as follows: The system obtains the target audio quality parameter set corresponding to the desired audio quality requirement zone. For example, for Zone_1, the system obtains the target audio quality parameter set as: THD+N≤0.5%. Since the audio quality requirement of the mixed zone is between high and medium, the system automatically takes the median value between the high and medium audio quality thresholds, with a frequency response range of 50Hz-18kHz±1.5dB. For Zone_2, the system obtains the target audio quality parameter set as: THD+N≤5.0%, with a frequency response range of 300Hz-8kHz±3dB.

[0045] Real-time collect the audio signal at the power amplifier output end within the sound quality requirement area. The power adjustment module sets feedback sampling points at the end of each output channel, converts the output analog signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and the sampling rate is consistent with the input signal. The system performs fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis on the collected output signal to calculate the current actual sound quality parameter set, including the actual THD+N value, actual frequency response characteristic, actual signal-to-noise ratio, etc.

[0046] Compare the actual sound quality parameter set with the target sound quality parameter set to generate a deviation signal. For example, the system detects that the current THD+N value in Zone_1 is 0.8%, which is higher than the target threshold of 0.5%, and the deviation amount is +0.3%; the frequency response characteristic attenuates by 2.5 dB at 100 Hz, exceeding the target flatness range of ±1.5 dB. The system converts these deviation amounts into deviation signals and inputs them to the power adjustment execution unit.

[0047] Dynamically adjust the power adjustment parameters corresponding to the sound quality requirement area according to the deviation signal. The power adjustment parameters include one or more of the input signal amplitude, amplification gain, output limit threshold, and supply voltage. In this embodiment, the system selects different adjustment methods according to the level of the sound quality requirement area: For Zone_1, that is, the medium-high sound quality mixing area, the system preferentially adopts the method of adjusting the input signal amplitude and enables a negative feedback compensation network. Specifically, the system multiplies the input audio signal by a gain coefficient G (0 < G ≤ 1) through a multiplier in the digital signal processor (DSP) to reduce the input signal amplitude and thus reduce the output power. At the same time, the system enables a negative feedback compensation network to detect output distortion in real time and synchronously adjust the pre-stage bias voltage. The negative feedback compensation network includes three sub-units: a distortion detection unit, connected to the power amplifier output end, samples the output waveform through a high-speed ADC to calculate the real-time THD+N value; an error comparison unit, compares the real-time THD+N value with the target THD+N threshold to generate an error signal; a compensation execution unit, dynamically adjusts the bias voltage of the power amplifier pre-stage or the equalization filter coefficient according to the error signal. In this embodiment, when THD+N = 0.8% is detected, the error comparison unit calculates an error amount of +0.3%, and the compensation execution unit inputs this error amount into a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. The PID controller outputs a bias voltage adjustment amount, which is applied to the base bias circuit of the differential amplification pair transistors at the input stage of the power amplifier, causing the operating point of the power transistors to change, thereby reducing the non-linear distortion. The system executes the above closed-loop control every 10 milliseconds until THD+N converges to below 0.5%.

[0048] During the adjustment process, the system employs a soft-start / soft-stop envelope shaping strategy to avoid transient clipping distortion. The soft-start / soft-stop envelope shaping strategy uses an S-shaped transition function with a power change time constant set to 20 milliseconds. Specifically, when the input signal amplitude needs to be changed, the gain coefficient G does not jump directly to the target value, but changes gradually according to an S-shaped curve. In this way, the power change slope is continuously controllable, avoiding the clicking sound and transient clipping caused by sudden gain changes.

[0049] For Zone_2, the low-quality zone, the system employs a fast-response strategy, prioritizing the adjustment of the output limiting threshold. Specifically, the system sets a programmable limiter at the amplifier output, with the limiting threshold dynamically adjusted according to the target sound quality requirements. In this embodiment, the hall is playing an alarm signal with low sound quality requirements; therefore, the system sets the limiting threshold to 80% of the amplifier's rated output voltage, i.e., 80V (rated 100V), thereby limiting the maximum output power and protecting the speakers from impact. The limiter's activation time is set to 1 millisecond, and its release time is set to 100 milliseconds to ensure a rapid response to sudden alarm signals.

[0050] During power regulation, the system also performs load impedance detection and closed-loop stabilization. In a constant-voltage broadcast system, the number of speakers connected in parallel at the end may change at any time, for example, by shutting down broadcasts in a certain area, leading to fluctuations in equivalent impedance. The system injects a detection signal in the ultra-audible frequency band at the power amplifier output, set to 22kHz (the upper limit of human hearing is 20kHz; 22kHz is inaudible). The detection signal is a single-frequency sine wave with an amplitude of 1% of the rated output voltage. The system detects the voltage and current response of this detection signal, and calculates the equivalent impedance value of the current load in real time by calculating the phase difference and amplitude ratio of the voltage and current. When an impedance change is detected, the system dynamically adjusts the power regulation coefficient to suppress system oscillations caused by load fluctuations. For example, when the equivalent impedance suddenly drops from 200Ω to 50Ω, the system detects the impedance change, automatically reduces the output limiting threshold from 80V to 60V, and increases the gain of the negative feedback compensation network to ensure that the system does not oscillate.

[0051] The system also performs status monitoring and logging functions. Status information for each power adjustment channel, including current THD+N value, frequency response characteristics, load impedance, and power adjustment parameters, is written to the status buffer every second and displayed in real time through the system management interface. Administrators can view the operating status of each sound quality requirement zone, including target sound quality parameters, actual sound quality parameters, deviation, and adjustment strategies, via a web interface or local touchscreen. The system also supports historical data querying, writing status data to non-volatile memory at minute-by-minute granularity and retaining data from the most recent 30 days for post-event analysis and troubleshooting.

[0052] When a user stops power adjustment for a specific audio quality requirement zone via the management interface, the system performs a graceful stop procedure. First, the system gradually reduces the input signal amplitude to zero, employing a soft-drop envelope shaping strategy, with the power change time constant set to 50 milliseconds to avoid any sudden, jerky noise at the moment of stop. Then, the system shuts down the amplifier output for that channel, releases the system resources occupied by that channel, and updates the status of that audio quality requirement zone to the stopped state.

[0053] The system also supports configuration persistence and restart recovery. The system stores complete configuration information in non-volatile memory, including coordinate system parameters, resource pool range, audio type and sound quality requirement level mapping, target sound quality parameter set, weighting coefficients α and β in the fusion decision formula, and fusion threshold T. After a power outage and restart, the system automatically reads the saved configuration information, rebuilds the sound quality requirement partition, and restores the power adjustment function. For partitions that are currently running, the system writes the current state to a state snapshot file before restarting, and reads the state snapshot file after restarting to restore the previous adjustment state, achieving seamless recovery.

[0054] In this embodiment, the system successfully implemented multi-zone differentiated power adjustment for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier, including audio type recognition, sound quality requirement level mapping, fusion zone based on spatial coordinates and sound quality levels, independent closed-loop power adjustment for each zone, soft-start and soft-stop envelope shaping, negative feedback compensation network, load impedance detection and closed-loop stabilization, status monitoring and log recording, graceful stop, configuration persistence, and restart recovery. This solution can be deployed in a single constant-voltage power amplifier device or integrated into the central controller of a large broadcast system through modular design, fully demonstrating that the present invention can achieve differentiated power adjustment for different broadcast zones without sacrificing sound quality, meeting the practical application needs of high-fidelity constant-voltage broadcast systems.

[0055] Example 2: Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a power adjustment method for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the system described in Embodiment 1, and the method includes the following steps: Obtain the audio signals and audio types played by each load connected to the power amplifier output; Obtain the audio quality requirement level for each load based on the audio type; The load is partitioned according to the audio quality requirement level to obtain a predetermined number of audio quality requirement zones; Adjust the load power for different audio quality requirement zones to ensure that the audio signal meets the corresponding audio quality requirements.

[0056] Specifically, in the step of acquiring the audio signals and audio types played by each load connected to the power amplifier output, the audio acquisition module is deployed at the signal input of the power amplifier or the front end of the digital signal processor, and converts the analog audio signals into digital audio streams through an analog-to-digital converter. The audio type is acquired through methods including: parsing the metadata or tags of the audio source file, performing real-time time-frequency analysis of the audio signal and identifying it based on a classifier, or receiving audio type labeling information from a host computer. Audio types include at least one of voice signals, background music signals, dynamic music signals, alarm signals, and notification signals.

[0057] Specifically, in the step of obtaining the sound quality requirement level for each load based on audio type, the sound quality requirement analysis module maps the audio type of each load to the corresponding sound quality requirement level according to the preset mapping relationship between audio type and sound quality requirement level, and retrieves the target sound quality parameter set associated with that level, determining the target sound quality parameter set as the sound quality requirement that each load currently needs to achieve. The sound quality requirement levels include at least three levels: high sound quality requirement, mid sound quality requirement, and low sound quality requirement. The target sound quality parameter set includes at least one of the following: total harmonic distortion plus noise, intermodulation distortion, frequency response range, frequency response flatness, signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range, crosstalk, phase distortion, and transient response indicators. Different sound quality requirement levels correspond to different parameter thresholds.

[0058] Specifically, in the step of partitioning the load according to the sound quality requirement level to obtain a predetermined number of sound quality requirement zones, the load partitioning module partitions the load according to the sound quality requirement level and spatial location information of each load. The system obtains the spatial coordinates of each load through a pre-constructed coordinate system and calculates the distance coefficient between each load based on the spatial coordinates. For any two loads, the system calculates a fusion judgment value by comparing the sound quality requirement level and the distance coefficient. If the fusion judgment value is greater than a preset fusion threshold, the two loads are divided into the same sound quality requirement zone; otherwise, they are divided into different sound quality requirement zones. The system iterates through all partitioning results to obtain the final predetermined number of sound quality requirement zones and establishes a partitioning control mapping table. The formula for calculating the fusion judgment value is F = α·S + β·(1-D), where S is the difference in sound quality requirement level between the two loads, α is the corresponding difference weight, D is the distance coefficient, β is the corresponding distance coefficient weight, and α+β=1.

[0059] Specifically, in the step of adjusting the load power of different sound quality demand zones to ensure the audio signal meets the corresponding sound quality requirements, the power adjustment module adjusts the load power of different sound quality demand zones according to the zone control mapping table. The system acquires the target sound quality parameter set corresponding to the target sound quality demand zone, collects the audio signal at the power amplifier output in the zone in real time, calculates the current actual sound quality parameter set, and compares the actual sound quality parameter set with the target sound quality parameter set to generate a deviation signal. Based on the deviation signal, the power adjustment parameters corresponding to the sound quality demand zone are dynamically adjusted, including the input signal amplitude, amplification gain, output limiting threshold, or supply voltage. During the adjustment process, a soft-start and soft-stop envelope shaping strategy is used to avoid transient clipping distortion, and different adjustment strategies are selected according to the level of the sound quality demand zone: high sound quality demand zone prioritizes adjusting the input signal amplitude and enabling the negative feedback compensation network; mid-range sound quality demand zone uses amplification gain adjustment; and low sound quality demand zone uses output limiting threshold adjustment. The above steps are repeated to form a closed-loop control until the actual sound quality parameters meet the requirements of the target sound quality parameter set.

[0060] Through the above steps, this invention achieves multi-zone differentiated power adjustment for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier.

[0061] Although the invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, all of which shall be within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A power regulation system for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier, characterized in that, It includes an audio acquisition module for communication connection, a sound quality demand analysis module, a load partitioning module, and a power adjustment module, among which: The audio acquisition module is used to acquire the audio signals and audio types played by each load connected to the power amplifier output terminal; The audio quality requirement analysis module is used to obtain the audio quality requirement level for each load based on the audio type. The load partitioning module is used to partition the load according to the sound quality requirement level to obtain a predetermined number of sound quality requirement zones. The power adjustment module is used to adjust the load power for different sound quality requirement areas so that the audio signal meets the corresponding sound quality requirements.

2. The power regulation system for the high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The audio types include voice signals, background music signals, dynamic music signals, alarm signals, and / or notification signals.

3. The power regulation system for the high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the sound quality requirement level for each load based on the audio type includes: Based on the preset mapping relationship between audio type and sound quality requirement level, the audio type played by the load is mapped to the corresponding sound quality requirement level. According to the sound quality requirement level, retrieve the target sound quality parameter set associated with that level. The target sound quality parameter set includes total harmonic distortion + noise, intermodulation distortion, frequency response range, frequency response flatness, signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range, crosstalk, phase distortion and / or transient response indicators. The target sound quality parameter set is determined as the sound quality requirement that the load currently needs to achieve.

4. The power regulation system for the high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load is partitioned according to the sound quality requirement level to obtain a predetermined number of sound quality requirement zones, including the following steps: The spatial coordinates of each load are obtained through a pre-built coordinate system; Calculate the distance coefficients between each load based on the spatial coordinate points; For any two loads, by fusing and comparing the sound quality requirement level and distance coefficient between the two loads, it is determined whether the two loads should be classified into the same sound quality requirement zone; Iterate through all the partitioning results to obtain the final predetermined number of audio quality requirement zones.

5. The power regulation system for the high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the spatial coordinates of each load using a pre-built coordinate system includes: Construct a two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinate system with the amplifier installation location as the origin; Based on the physical installation location of each load, the corresponding spatial coordinate points are marked in the coordinate system; the spatial coordinate points are obtained through manual configuration and input, automatic identification through bus scanning, or positioning through wireless beacons.

6. The power regulation system of the high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the distance coefficient between each load based on the spatial coordinate points includes: Calculate the Euclidean distance between any two spatial coordinate points of the load; After normalizing the Euclidean distance, a distance coefficient with a value range of [0,1] is obtained; The smaller the distance coefficient, the closer the two load spaces are; the larger the distance coefficient, the farther the two load spaces are.

7. The power regulation system for the high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to classify two loads into the same sound quality requirement zone by fusing and comparing the sound quality requirement level and distance coefficient between the two loads includes: The fusion determination value between the two loads is calculated using the following formula: F = α·S + β·(1-D); In the formula, F is the fusion judgment value; S is the difference value of the sound quality requirement level between the two loads, α is the corresponding difference value weight; D is the distance coefficient, β is the corresponding distance coefficient weight; where α+β=1; When the fusion determination value is greater than the preset fusion threshold, the two loads are divided into the same sound quality requirement area; otherwise, the two loads are divided into different sound quality requirement areas.

8. The power regulation system for the high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment of the load power for different audio quality requirement zones to achieve the corresponding audio quality requirements includes: Obtain the target sound quality parameter set corresponding to the target sound quality requirement area; The audio signal at the output of the power amplifier within the required sound quality area is collected in real time, and the current actual sound quality parameter set is calculated. The actual sound quality parameter set is compared with the target sound quality parameter set to generate a deviation signal; The power adjustment parameters corresponding to the sound quality requirement zone are dynamically adjusted according to the deviation signal until the deviation signal is lower than the preset deviation condition; the power adjustment parameters include the input signal amplitude, amplification gain, output limiting threshold and / or power supply voltage.

9. A power regulation method for a high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier, applied to the power regulation system of the high-fidelity constant-voltage power amplifier as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the audio signals and audio types played by each load connected to the power amplifier output; Based on the audio type, obtain the sound quality requirement level for each load; The load is partitioned according to the sound quality requirement level to obtain a predetermined number of sound quality requirement zones; The load power is adjusted for different audio quality requirements so that the audio signal meets the corresponding audio quality requirements.

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