A design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device

Abstract

This invention discloses a design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device, belonging to the field of plasma anti-icing technology. The method includes: determining the attachment range and effective action area based on the geometry, radius of curvature, protected area, and de-icing constraints of the surface to be de-iced; selecting a flexible dielectric layer and flexible electrode materials; setting first and second buried electrodes within the flexible dielectric layer and surface-suspended electrodes on the surface to form a flexible three-electrode discharge unit; adjusting the projection position of the surface-suspended electrodes to form a coplanar discharge region between the first and second buried electrodes, and a surface-coupled discharge region between the surface-suspended electrodes and the second buried electrode, thus forming a composite discharge action region coupled with surface-coupled discharge in the protected area; finally, fabricating a conformal attachment prototype and verifying its de-icing capabilities. This invention enables flexible attachment to curved surfaces, composite discharge control, and uniform heat output, improving the adaptability, reliability, and de-icing efficiency of plasma de-icing devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plasma de-icing technology, specifically to a design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device. Background Technology

[0002] Aircraft, drones, rotor blades, sensor probes, and other structural surfaces operating in low-temperature, water-containing environments are prone to icing. Taking aircraft as an example, the leading edges of wings and tail fins, engine air intakes, rotor blades, windshield edges, and pitot tubes—all windward or locally protruding areas—are typical icing zones. Surface icing alters the original aerodynamic shape, leading to decreased lift, increased drag, and potentially reduced handling stability, sensor signal distortion, and even flight safety risks. Therefore, developing efficient, lightweight, and controllable anti-icing and de-icing designs for complex curved structures is of significant engineering importance.

[0003] Existing anti-icing technologies mainly include hot gas anti-icing, electric heating anti-icing, mechanical de-icing, electric pulse de-icing, liquid de-icing, and anti-icing coatings. While these methods have been applied in specific scenarios, they have significant limitations. For example, hot gas and electric heating anti-icing typically consume high energy and may increase system complexity; mechanical and electric pulse de-icing require high standards for structural installation and strength matching; liquid de-icing has limited duration and may introduce environmental adaptability issues; and anti-icing coatings are susceptible to wear, aging, and changes in the service environment. For areas with significant curvature changes, limited space, or weight sensitivity, traditional anti-icing solutions still have room for improvement in terms of structural adaptability, local controllability, and long-term reliability.

[0004] Dielectric barrier discharge plasma anti-icing and de-icing technology utilizes the thermal effects, induced flow, and surface effects generated during low-temperature plasma discharge to achieve anti-icing or de-icing. It features fast response speed, relatively simple structure, no moving mechanical parts, and ease of local deployment. Specifically, surface dielectric barrier discharge can form a discharge channel on the dielectric surface and induce near-wall airflow, making it suitable for surface flow control and localized enhanced heating; coplanar dielectric barrier discharge is beneficial for expanding the discharge coverage area and improving the overall uniformity of surface heating.

[0005] However, the discharge region of traditional two-electrode surface dielectric barrier discharge is mainly concentrated near the edge of the exposed electrode, with limited plasma extension range and effective heating area. Although traditional two-electrode coplanar dielectric barrier discharge is beneficial for forming a large-area discharge, its near-wall induced flow and local enhancement effects are relatively insufficient. In order to balance discharge coverage, thermal effect enhancement, and flow field induction capability, some studies have attempted to introduce a third electrode to change the electric field distribution and capacitive coupling relationship, so that different discharge modes can work synergistically in the same device. However, there are coupling relationships between the relative positions of the electrodes, the induced potential of the suspended electrode, the discharge gap, and the dielectric parameters in the three-electrode structure. Without a systematic design method, this can easily lead to discharge region shift, local dark areas, insufficient energy utilization, or increased insulation risk.

[0006] Furthermore, the icing-prone areas of aircraft and related equipment are mostly curved structures. Rigid planar discharge devices are difficult to stably adhere to complex surfaces such as airfoil leading edges and rotor blades. While flexible dielectric barrier discharge devices have good conformal adhesion capabilities, when a flexible DBD device is attached to a curved surface, curvature deformation can cause local stretching or compression of the dielectric layer, altering the relative projection gap and coupling capacitance between the buried electrode and the surface-suspended electrode, thus leading to uneven electric field distribution along the curved surface. This electric field distortion disrupts the coordinated matching of coplanar discharge and surface discharge under planar design conditions, specifically manifesting as: electric field concentration, excessively strong discharge, or even breakdown at areas with greater curvature, and discharge extinguishing or insufficient energy at areas with less curvature. Simultaneously, stress may create weak insulation areas on the curved inner surface of the dielectric layer. These problems cannot be solved by simply replacing flexible materials or scaling planar devices proportionally. Therefore, a parametric design method considering the effects of curvature deformation must be established, and a systematic design from the perspectives of electrode topology, gap matching, and electric field control is necessary to ensure that flexible dielectric barrier discharge devices are truly suitable for curved surface de-icing scenarios.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device for curved surface attachment applications. This method organically combines flexible material selection, three-electrode topology construction, curvature deformation modeling, discharge thermal effect diagnosis, multi-objective parameter optimization, and icing and de-icing verification, forming a complete design process from structural design to prototype verification. This will improve the design reliability, curved surface adaptability, and engineering application effect of the flexible plasma de-icing device. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device. By addressing the shortcomings of existing plasma de-icing devices in terms of adhesion to complex curved surfaces, discharge range, thermal effect uniformity, and insulation reliability, this invention utilizes a flexible three-electrode composite discharge structure design to replace traditional dual-electrode or rigid planar devices. Furthermore, it establishes electric field, equivalent circuit, and thermal response modeling considering the influence of curvature deformation, and combines discharge thermal effect diagnostic indicators to perform multi-objective optimization of structural and power supply parameters, effectively solving the current technical challenges.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device includes the following steps:

[0011] Step S1: Determine the design object, attachment area, and safety constraints:

[0012] Obtain the geometric shape and radius of curvature of the surface to be de-iced. Boundaries of the protected area, ice thickness Permissible operating temperature Power supply conditions and installation space; the area to be protected is expanded outward by a preset safety margin along the arc length and span direction of the curved surface to obtain the device attachment area. The area to be protected and its surrounding heat-affected zone are designated as the effective de-icing area. Based on the breakdown field strength of the flexible dielectric layer Dielectric layer thickness Minimum gap between electrodes and allowable operating temperature Determine the insulation safety constraints and thermal safety constraints;

[0013] Step S2: Select the flexible dielectric layer material and electrode material:

[0014] Based on the radius of curvature of the surface Discharge voltage amplitude Dielectric layer thickness Permissible operating temperature The selection of flexible dielectric layer materials is required to meet the requirements of de-icing thermal response;

[0015] Electrode materials are selected based on conductivity, thickness, flexible processing performance, discharge etching resistance, and adhesion reliability.

[0016] Step S3: Construct a flexible three-electrode discharge unit:

[0017] A first buried electrode and a second buried electrode are disposed within the flexible dielectric layer, and a surface floating electrode is disposed on the surface of the flexible dielectric layer to form a flexible three-electrode discharge unit; wherein, the first buried electrode is connected to the AC high voltage terminal, the second buried electrode is connected to the ground terminal, and the surface floating electrode is disconnected from the external power supply and obtains an induced potential through capacitive coupling with the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode.

[0018] Step S4: Determine the relative positions of the three electrodes and the recombination discharge region:

[0019] Adjust the projection position of the surface suspended electrode relative to the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode so that the projection of the surface suspended electrode in the thickness direction of the flexible dielectric layer at least partially covers the first buried electrode, and is arranged in a preset state among the projections of the surface suspended electrode being spaced apart, adjacent at the edges, and partially intersecting.

[0020] Among them, a coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region is formed between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode, and a surface dielectric barrier discharge region is formed between the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode; the coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region is used to form a uniform plasma heating region, and the surface dielectric barrier discharge region is used to form a surface induced flow and local enhanced heating region, which together constitute a composite heat-flow de-icing zone.

[0021] Step S5: Establish the electric field model and equivalent circuit model considering curvature correction:

[0022] With flexible dielectric layer thickness Electrode width Gap between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode Gap between surface-suspended electrode and second buried electrode Surface levitation electrode projection overlap length Voltage amplitude and voltage frequency As a design variable, the radius of curvature of the surface to be de-iced is taken into account. Establish curvature correction relationships; based on the corrected electrode projected area and equivalent distance Calculate the coupling capacitance between the three electrodes; calculate the induced potential of the surface-suspended electrode based on the capacitance voltage division relationship. Calculate the local electric field intensity based on the electric field model; and use the maximum local electric field intensity as the starting point. The candidate parameter combinations are obtained by using the initial discharge voltage, coupling capacitance, and induced potential of the surface floating electrode as the criteria.

[0023] Step S6: Conduct discharge and thermal effect tests and extract evaluation indicators:

[0024] Discharge tests were conducted on candidate parameter combinations in both flat and bent attachment states. Voltage and current waveforms, Lissajous figures, discharge images, and infrared thermograms were collected. The discharge power, effective discharge area, discharge uniformity, average temperature rise of the main discharge region, and temperature rise rate were extracted accordingly.

[0025] Step S7: Perform multi-objective comprehensive evaluation using the entropy weight-TOPSIS method:

[0026] An evaluation matrix is ​​constructed using the average temperature rise of the main discharge region, effective heating area, and de-icing area ratio as positive indicators, and discharge power, discharge non-uniformity, exposed conductor area ratio, and insulation failure risk as negative indicators. The evaluation matrix is ​​then normalized, and the [missing information - likely a calculation method] is performed. The first indicator The proportion of each candidate parameter combination, information entropy calculation, weight calculation, weighted normalization processing, ideal solution distance calculation, and comprehensive value calculation are used to select the parameter combination with a larger comprehensive value that meets the insulation safety constraint, thermal safety constraint, and no continuous flashover as the preferred structural parameter and preferred power supply parameter.

[0027] Step S8: Perform icing and de-icing verification and output the final design scheme:

[0028] A prototype of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device is fabricated based on optimized structural and power parameters. The prototype is conformally attached to the surface to be de-iced, forming an ice layer of a predetermined thickness on the surface, and the optimized power parameters are applied for de-icing. The de-icing area ratio is calculated through image acquisition, and the mass de-icing rate is calculated through the melt water and residual ice mass. When the de-icing area ratio, mass de-icing rate, temperature distribution, and discharge stability meet the preset requirements, the final design scheme is output. When the preset requirements are not met, the process returns to steps S5 to S7 to correct the electrode gap, the overlap length of the surface suspended electrode projection, the thickness of the flexible dielectric layer, the voltage amplitude, and the voltage frequency.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S1, the surface to be de-iced includes the leading edge of the aircraft wing, the leading edge of the tail fin, the leading edge of the engine air intake, the leading edge of the rotor blade, the outer surface of the pitot tube, the edge of the windshield, and the curved skin of the UAV.

[0030] The insulation safety constraints are satisfied;

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, The maximum local electric field intensity obtained from the electric field model is... For insulation safety factor, and Thermal safety constraints are satisfied:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, The highest surface temperature of the device obtained from infrared thermal imaging or thermal response model.

[0035] Furthermore, in step S2, the flexible dielectric layer material is selected based on minimum bending radius, breakdown field strength, long-term withstand temperature, dielectric constant, and attachment warpage; and satisfies:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, Minimum allowable bending radius for flexible dielectric layer To ensure the long-term temperature resistance of the flexible dielectric layer, This refers to the warpage after bending and attaching. To allow for warpage;

[0038] When the radius of curvature of the surface to be de-iced is less than the preset radius of curvature threshold, select a polyimide film or a silicone rubber composite insulation layer; when the insulation margin requirement is higher than the preset insulation threshold, select a polyimide multilayer composite insulation layer or a polytetrafluoroethylene composite insulation layer.

[0039] Furthermore, in step S2, the electrode material is selected based on sheet resistance, thickness, minimum bending radius, discharge etching resistance, and flexible processing performance, and satisfies the following:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, The sheet resistance of the electrode is... To allow for obstruction, For electrode thickness, To allow for electrode thickness, The minimum allowable bending radius for the electrode;

[0042] When low sheet resistance and high power input are required, choose copper foil electrodes; when printing and large-area flexible processing are required, choose silver paste printing electrodes or conductive ink electrodes.

[0043] Furthermore, in step S5, the gap between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode is 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, the gap between the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode is -1 mm to 2 mm, the negative value indicates that the projection of the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode overlaps in the thickness direction, the electrode width is 1 mm to 8 mm, the thickness of the flexible dielectric layer is 25 μm to 1000 μm, and the AC voltage frequency is 1 kHz to 50 kHz.

[0044] Furthermore, in step S5, for distance from the neutral layer The electrode at the location, after being bent and attached, has its arc-shaped dimension corrected as follows:

[0045]

[0046] The electrode gap after bending and attachment is corrected as follows:

[0047] g R =g0(1+z / R)

[0048] In the formula, The characteristic length of the electrode in a planar state. The electrode gap is in a planar state. The characteristic length of the electrode in a bent state. The electrode gap is in a bent state;

[0049] Based on the corrected electrode projection area and equivalent distance Calculate the coupling capacitance between the three electrodes:

[0050]

[0051] In the formula, For the first time in the bending state Electrode and the first Equivalent coupling capacitance between electrodes The vacuum permittivity, The relative permittivity of the flexible dielectric layer, For the first Electrode and the first Effective projected area between electrodes For the first Electrode and the first Equivalent dielectric distance between electrodes;

[0052] The induced potential of the surface suspended electrode Calculated based on the voltage division relationship of the capacitor:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula, This is the coupling capacitance between the surface-suspended electrode and the first buried electrode. This is the coupling capacitance between the surface-suspended electrode and the second buried electrode. This is the potential of the first buried electrode. This is the potential of the second buried electrode;

[0055] The local electric field intensity:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, For local electric field intensity, It represents the electric potential.

[0058] Furthermore, in step S6, the discharge power is calculated using the Lissajous diagram method:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, For discharge power, The frequency of AC voltage. For external voltage, To transfer charge, To measure capacitance, To measure the voltage across the capacitor;

[0061] Discharge power is calculated using the voltage-current integration method:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, For voltage period, It is an instantaneous voltage. It is the instantaneous current;

[0064] Calculate the effective discharge area based on the binarization result of the discharge image:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, For the effective discharge area, This represents the number of pixels in the discharge region after binarization. To evaluate the total number of pixels in the region, This refers to the actual area of ​​the evaluation region;

[0067] Discharge uniformity can be characterized by the degree of dispersion in the grayscale values ​​of the discharge image.

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, The grayscale dispersion coefficient is . The standard deviation of grayscale The average grayscale value. For the first grayscale value of each pixel This refers to the number of pixels. The smaller the value, the better the discharge uniformity.

[0071] Furthermore, in step S6, based on the preset main discharge region in the infrared thermal image... Temperature data calculation of heating characteristics:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, The average temperature rise in the main discharge region Number of pixels in the main discharge region. For the first Pixels in Temperature at any moment The heating rate is denoted as .

[0075] Furthermore, in step S7, an evaluation matrix is ​​constructed:

[0076]

[0077] in The number of candidate parameter combinations. The number of evaluation indicators;

[0078] Normalize the positive indicators:

[0079]

[0080] Normalize negative indicators:

[0081]

[0082] Calculate the first The first indicator The proportion of each candidate parameter combination:

[0083]

[0084] Calculate the first Information entropy of each indicator:

[0085]

[0086] Calculate the first Individual indicator weights:

[0087]

[0088] Construct the weighted normalized matrix:

[0089]

[0090] Determine the ideal solution and negative ideal solution And calculate the distances from the i-th candidate parameter combination to the positive and negative ideal solutions:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Calculate the overall evaluation value:

[0094]

[0095] choose Larger and satisfy , The parameter combination that eliminates continuous flashover is selected as the preferred structural parameters and preferred power supply parameters.

[0096] Furthermore, in step S8, the thickness of the preset thickness ice layer is 1 mm to 5 mm; the de-icing area ratio is calculated through image acquisition.

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, This represents the percentage of the area to be de-iced. This represents the area of ​​the de-iced area. This represents the initial area of ​​the icing region;

[0099] The mass de-icing rate was calculated based on the mass of meltwater and residual ice after stripping.

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, For quality de-icing rate, For the quality of the collected meltwater, To remove residual ice mass, The initial water mass for freezing.

[0102] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, employing the above technical solution, has the following significant advantages:

[0103] (1) The present invention provides a design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device. By combining a flexible dielectric layer, a flexible electrode and a three-electrode discharge topology, the device can conformally attach to complex curved surfaces, thereby achieving the beneficial effects of improving the structural adaptability and discharge stability in curved surface de-icing applications.

[0104] (2) The present invention provides a design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device. By adjusting the electric field distribution and capacitive coupling relationship through surface suspended electrodes, a coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region and a surface dielectric barrier discharge region are formed in the same flexible device, achieving the beneficial effects of taking into account large-area heating, local enhanced discharge and surface induced flow.

[0105] (3) The present invention provides a design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device. By incorporating the influence of curvature deformation into the parametric design process, the local field strength change, equivalent capacitance change and insulation risk under the bending attachment state are evaluated, thereby achieving the beneficial effect of improving the design reliability under curved surface application conditions.

[0106] (4) The present invention provides a design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device. By comprehensively evaluating multiple indicators such as electrical parameters, discharge images, infrared temperature fields and de-icing results, it achieves the beneficial effect of avoiding local overheating, excessive power consumption, uneven discharge or dielectric damage caused by single indicator optimization.

[0107] (5) This invention provides a design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device. The design closed loop is formed by verifying the ice-covered curved surface prototype, and the structural parameters and power parameters applicable to the actual curved surface de-icing object are output, which realizes the beneficial effect of providing a basis for the engineering application of flexible plasma anti-icing devices. Attached Figure Description

[0108] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the design method of the flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device of the present invention.

[0109] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device of the present invention;

[0110] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the flexible three-electrode discharge unit of the present invention;

[0111] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positional relationship between the surface-suspended electrode and the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode of the present invention;

[0112] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the conformal attachment of the flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device of the present invention on a curved surface structure;

[0113] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge and thermal effect diagnosis, parameter optimization, and icing and de-icing verification process of the present invention. Specific implementation methods

[0114] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0115] A design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device includes the following steps:

[0116] Step S1: Determine the design object, attachment area, and safety constraints:

[0117] Obtain the geometric shape and radius of curvature of the surface to be de-iced. Boundaries of the protected area, ice thickness Permissible operating temperature Power supply conditions and installation space; the area to be protected is expanded outward by a preset safety margin along the arc length and span direction of the curved surface to obtain the device attachment area. The area to be protected and its surrounding heat-affected zone are designated as the effective de-icing area. Based on the breakdown field strength of the flexible dielectric layer Dielectric layer thickness Minimum gap between electrodes and allowable operating temperature Determine the insulation safety constraints and thermal safety constraints;

[0118] Step S2: Select the flexible dielectric layer material and electrode material:

[0119] Based on the radius of curvature of the surface Discharge voltage amplitude Dielectric layer thickness Permissible operating temperature The selection of flexible dielectric layer materials is required to meet the requirements of de-icing thermal response;

[0120] Electrode materials are selected based on conductivity, thickness, flexible processing performance, discharge etching resistance, and adhesion reliability.

[0121] Step S3: Construct a flexible three-electrode discharge unit:

[0122] A first buried electrode and a second buried electrode are disposed within the flexible dielectric layer, and a surface floating electrode is disposed on the surface of the flexible dielectric layer to form a flexible three-electrode discharge unit; wherein, the first buried electrode is connected to the AC high voltage terminal, the second buried electrode is connected to the ground terminal, and the surface floating electrode is disconnected from the external power supply and obtains an induced potential through capacitive coupling with the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode.

[0123] Step S4: Determine the relative positions of the three electrodes and the recombination discharge region:

[0124] Adjust the projection position of the surface suspended electrode relative to the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode so that the projection of the surface suspended electrode in the thickness direction of the flexible dielectric layer at least partially covers the first buried electrode, and is arranged in a preset state among the projections of the surface suspended electrode being spaced apart, adjacent at the edges, and partially intersecting.

[0125] Among them, a coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region is formed between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode, and a surface dielectric barrier discharge region is formed between the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode; the coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region is used to form a uniform plasma heating region, and the surface dielectric barrier discharge region is used to form a surface induced flow and local enhanced heating region, which together constitute a composite heat-flow de-icing zone.

[0126] Step S5: Establish the electric field model and equivalent circuit model considering curvature correction:

[0127] With flexible dielectric layer thickness Electrode width Gap between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode Gap between surface-suspended electrode and second buried electrode Surface levitation electrode projection overlap length Voltage amplitude and voltage frequency As a design variable, the radius of curvature of the surface to be de-iced is taken into account. Establish curvature correction relationships; based on the corrected electrode projected area and equivalent distance Calculate the coupling capacitance between the three electrodes; calculate the induced potential of the surface-suspended electrode based on the capacitance voltage division relationship. Calculate the local electric field intensity based on the electric field model; and use the maximum local electric field intensity as the starting point. The candidate parameter combinations are obtained by using the initial discharge voltage, coupling capacitance, and induced potential of the surface floating electrode as the criteria.

[0128] Step S6: Conduct discharge and thermal effect tests and extract evaluation indicators:

[0129] Discharge tests were conducted on candidate parameter combinations in both flat and bent attachment states. Voltage and current waveforms, Lissajous figures, discharge images, and infrared thermograms were collected. The discharge power, effective discharge area, discharge uniformity, average temperature rise of the main discharge region, and temperature rise rate were extracted accordingly.

[0130] Step S7: Perform multi-objective comprehensive evaluation using the entropy weight-TOPSIS method:

[0131] An evaluation matrix is ​​constructed using the average temperature rise of the main discharge region, effective heating area, and de-icing area ratio as positive indicators, and discharge power, discharge non-uniformity, exposed conductor area ratio, and insulation failure risk as negative indicators. The evaluation matrix is ​​then normalized, and the [missing information - likely a calculation method] is performed. The first indicator The proportion of each candidate parameter combination, information entropy calculation, weight calculation, weighted normalization processing, ideal solution distance calculation, and comprehensive value calculation are used to select the parameter combination with a larger comprehensive value that meets the insulation safety constraint, thermal safety constraint, and no continuous flashover as the preferred structural parameter and preferred power supply parameter.

[0132] Step S8: Perform icing and de-icing verification and output the final design scheme:

[0133] A prototype of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device is fabricated based on optimized structural and power parameters. The prototype is conformally attached to the surface to be de-iced, forming an ice layer of a predetermined thickness on the surface, and the optimized power parameters are applied for de-icing. The de-icing area ratio is calculated through image acquisition, and the mass de-icing rate is calculated through the melt water and residual ice mass. When the de-icing area ratio, mass de-icing rate, temperature distribution, and discharge stability meet the preset requirements, the final design scheme is output. When the preset requirements are not met, the process returns to steps S5 to S7 to correct the electrode gap, the overlap length of the surface suspended electrode projection, the thickness of the flexible dielectric layer, the voltage amplitude, and the voltage frequency.

[0134] Furthermore, in step S1, the surface to be de-iced includes the leading edge of the aircraft wing, the leading edge of the tail fin, the leading edge of the engine air intake, the leading edge of the rotor blade, the outer surface of the pitot tube, the edge of the windshield, and the curved skin of the UAV.

[0135] The insulation safety constraints are satisfied;

[0136]

[0137] In the formula, The maximum local electric field intensity obtained from the electric field model is... For insulation safety factor, and Thermal safety constraints are satisfied:

[0138]

[0139] In the formula, The highest surface temperature of the device obtained from infrared thermal imaging or thermal response model.

[0140] Furthermore, in step S2, the flexible dielectric layer material is selected based on minimum bending radius, breakdown field strength, long-term withstand temperature, dielectric constant, and attachment warpage; and satisfies:

[0141]

[0142] In the formula, Minimum allowable bending radius for flexible dielectric layer To ensure the long-term temperature resistance of the flexible dielectric layer, This refers to the warpage after bending and attaching. To allow for warpage;

[0143] When the radius of curvature of the surface to be de-iced is less than the preset radius of curvature threshold, select a polyimide film or a silicone rubber composite insulation layer; when the insulation margin requirement is higher than the preset insulation threshold, select a polyimide multilayer composite insulation layer or a polytetrafluoroethylene composite insulation layer.

[0144] Furthermore, in step S2, the electrode material is selected based on sheet resistance, thickness, minimum bending radius, discharge etching resistance, and flexible processing performance, and satisfies the following:

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, The sheet resistance of the electrode is... To allow for obstruction, For electrode thickness, To allow for electrode thickness, The minimum allowable bending radius for the electrode;

[0147] When low sheet resistance and high power input are required, choose copper foil electrodes; when printing and large-area flexible processing are required, choose silver paste printing electrodes or conductive ink electrodes.

[0148] Furthermore, in step S5, the gap between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode is 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, the gap between the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode is -1 mm to 2 mm, the negative value indicates that the projection of the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode overlaps in the thickness direction, the electrode width is 1 mm to 8 mm, the thickness of the flexible dielectric layer is 25 μm to 1000 μm, and the AC voltage frequency is 1 kHz to 50 kHz.

[0149] Furthermore, in step S5, for distance from the neutral layer The electrode at the location, after being bent and attached, has its arc-shaped dimension corrected as follows:

[0150]

[0151] The electrode gap after bending and attachment is corrected as follows:

[0152] g R =g0(1+z / R)

[0153] In the formula, The characteristic length of the electrode in a planar state. The electrode gap is in a planar state. The characteristic length of the electrode in a bent state. The electrode gap is in a bent state;

[0154] Based on the corrected electrode projection area and equivalent distance Calculate the coupling capacitance between the three electrodes:

[0155]

[0156] In the formula, For the first time in the bending state Electrode and the first Equivalent coupling capacitance between electrodes The vacuum permittivity, The relative permittivity of the flexible dielectric layer, For the first Electrode and the first Effective projected area between electrodes For the first Electrode and the first Equivalent dielectric distance between electrodes;

[0157] The induced potential of the surface suspended electrode Calculated based on the voltage division relationship of the capacitor:

[0158]

[0159] In the formula, This is the coupling capacitance between the surface-suspended electrode and the first buried electrode. This is the coupling capacitance between the surface-suspended electrode and the second buried electrode. This is the potential of the first buried electrode. This is the potential of the second buried electrode;

[0160] The local electric field intensity:

[0161]

[0162] In the formula, For local electric field intensity, It represents the electric potential.

[0163] Furthermore, in step S6, the discharge power is calculated using the Lissajous diagram method:

[0164]

[0165] In the formula, For discharge power, The frequency of AC voltage. For external voltage, To transfer charge, To measure capacitance, To measure the voltage across the capacitor;

[0166] Discharge power is calculated using the voltage-current integration method:

[0167]

[0168] In the formula, For voltage period, It is an instantaneous voltage. It is the instantaneous current;

[0169] Calculate the effective discharge area based on the binarization result of the discharge image:

[0170]

[0171] In the formula, For the effective discharge area, This represents the number of pixels in the discharge region after binarization. To evaluate the total number of pixels in the region, This refers to the actual area of ​​the evaluation region;

[0172] Discharge uniformity can be characterized by the degree of dispersion in the grayscale values ​​of the discharge image.

[0173]

[0174]

[0175] In the formula, The grayscale dispersion coefficient is . The standard deviation of grayscale The average grayscale value. For the first grayscale value of each pixel This refers to the number of pixels. The smaller the value, the better the discharge uniformity.

[0176] Furthermore, in step S6, based on the preset main discharge region in the infrared thermal image... Temperature data calculation of heating characteristics:

[0177]

[0178]

[0179] In the formula, The average temperature rise in the main discharge region Number of pixels in the main discharge region. For the first Pixels in Temperature at any moment The heating rate is denoted as .

[0180] Furthermore, in step S7, an evaluation matrix is ​​constructed:

[0181]

[0182] in The number of candidate parameter combinations. The number of evaluation indicators;

[0183] Normalize the positive indicators:

[0184]

[0185] Normalize negative indicators:

[0186]

[0187] Calculate the first The first indicator The proportion of each candidate parameter combination:

[0188]

[0189] Calculate the first Information entropy of each indicator:

[0190]

[0191] Calculate the first Individual indicator weights:

[0192]

[0193] Construct the weighted normalized matrix:

[0194]

[0195] Determine the ideal solution and negative ideal solution And calculate the distances from the i-th candidate parameter combination to the positive and negative ideal solutions:

[0196]

[0197]

[0198] Calculate the overall evaluation value:

[0199]

[0200] choose Larger and satisfy , The parameter combination that eliminates continuous flashover is selected as the preferred structural parameters and preferred power supply parameters.

[0201] Furthermore, in step S8, the thickness of the preset thickness ice layer is 1 mm to 5 mm; the de-icing area ratio is calculated through image acquisition.

[0202]

[0203] In the formula, This represents the percentage of the area to be de-iced. This represents the area of ​​the de-iced area. This represents the initial area of ​​the icing region;

[0204] The mass de-icing rate was calculated based on the mass of meltwater and residual ice after stripping.

[0205]

[0206] In the formula, For quality de-icing rate, For the quality of the collected meltwater, To remove residual ice mass, The initial water mass for freezing.

[0207] To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following embodiments are used for further explanation:

[0208] This embodiment uses airfoil leading edge de-icing as an example to illustrate the design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device. The surface to be de-iced can be the leading edge of a NACA0012 airfoil, or it can be the leading edge of an aircraft wing, the leading edge of a tail fin, the leading edge of an engine inlet, a rotor blade, the outer surface of a pitot tube, the curved skin of a UAV, or other structural surfaces that require curved surface de-icing. The ice thickness can be set from 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0209] like Figure 1 As shown, the radius of curvature of the airfoil leading edge, the length of the arc to be protected, the available width, the expected icing thickness, the maximum allowable operating temperature, and the power supply conditions are first obtained. Based on this, the attachment area, the effective de-icing area, and the insulation safety constraints of the flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device are determined. The insulation safety constraints include preventing continuous flashover, insulation breakdown, localized ablation, and localized overheating exceeding the allowable temperature during device operation.

[0210] The selection of materials is then carried out. The flexible dielectric layer can be made of polyimide film, or a flexible insulating layer formed by the composite of polyimide and silicone rubber; the electrode material can be copper foil, aluminum foil, silver paste printed electrodes, conductive ink electrodes, or flexible conductive films. For devices that operate in low-temperature, humid, or discharge environments for extended periods, a flexible encapsulation layer can be installed on the outside of the buried electrodes to improve insulation stability and environmental resistance.

[0211] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device includes a surface-suspended electrode 1, a flexible dielectric layer 2, a first buried electrode 3, a second buried electrode 4, and a PI substrate 5. The surface-suspended electrode 1 is disposed on the upper surface of the flexible dielectric layer 2. The first buried electrode 3 and the second buried electrode 4 are disposed within the flexible dielectric layer 2 or on its lower surface. The PI substrate 5 is disposed at the bottom of the device, providing support and insulating encapsulation. The first buried electrode 3 is connected to an AC high-voltage terminal, and the second buried electrode 4 is connected to a ground terminal. The surface-suspended electrode 1 is not directly connected to an external power source, but obtains an induced potential through capacitive coupling with the first buried electrode 3 and the second buried electrode 4.

[0212] like Figure 3 As shown, when determining the relative positions of the electrodes, the projection of the surface-suspended electrode 1 in the thickness direction of the flexible dielectric layer 2 at least partially covers the first buried electrode 3, and a preset gap is maintained between the surface-suspended electrode 1 and the second buried electrode 4. Thus, a coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region is formed between the first buried electrode 3 and the second buried electrode 4, and a surface dielectric barrier discharge region is formed between the surface-suspended electrode 1 and the second buried electrode 4. These two types of discharge regions couple with each other within the protected area, forming a composite discharge action region.

[0213] like Figure 4 As shown, the coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region is mainly used to expand the discharge coverage and form a relatively uniform surface thermal effect; the surface dielectric barrier discharge region is mainly used to form near-wall induced flow and localized enhanced heating on the surface of the flexible dielectric layer. By adjusting the projection position of the surface suspended electrode, its induced potential and the position and intensity distribution of the composite discharge effect region can be changed, thereby improving the consistency of de-icing in curved areas such as the airfoil leading edge.

[0214] In one specific embodiment, the electrode width is set to 4 mm, the gap between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode is set to 1 mm to 1.5 mm, and the gap between the surface-suspended electrode and the second buried electrode is set to 0 mm to 1 mm. The thickness of the flexible dielectric layer can be determined according to the insulation requirements and bending radius; for thin-film flexible structures, the thickness of the flexible dielectric layer can be selected from 25 μm to 200 μm; for structures requiring higher insulation margin, a multilayer flexible dielectric composite structure can be used. The AC high-voltage power supply frequency can be set to 1 kHz to 50 kHz, and the voltage amplitude is determined according to the initial discharge voltage, discharge stability, and insulation safety margin.

[0215] In the parametric design phase, the planar three-electrode structure is first mapped to a curved surface attachment state based on the airfoil leading edge curvature to obtain the relative positions of the electrodes and the local gap changes after bending. Then, an equivalent circuit model is established to include the equivalent capacitance, air gap resistance, and air gap capacitance between the first buried electrode, the second buried electrode, and the surface-suspended electrode in the analysis. At the same time, an electric field model and a thermal response model are established to analyze the effects of curvature radius, dielectric thickness, electrode gap, voltage amplitude, and frequency on local electric field strength, initial discharge voltage, discharge power, and surface temperature rise.

[0216] During the discharge and thermal effect diagnosis phase, candidate parameter combinations were tested under both flat and bent attachment conditions. Voltage and current waveforms were acquired using high-voltage and current probes, and the discharge power and equivalent capacitance were obtained using the Lissajous plot method or voltage-current integration method. Discharge images were acquired using a camera, and the discharge area and discharge uniformity were characterized based on the image grayscale values ​​and their dispersion. The surface temperature field was obtained using an infrared thermal imager, and the average temperature rise, maximum temperature, and effective heating area of ​​the main discharge region were calculated.

[0217] When the gap between the first and second buried electrodes is too large, the initiation discharge voltage of the coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region increases, and the discharge expansion capability decreases. When the gap is too small, although discharge is easier to establish, the effective coverage area may be limited. Therefore, the gap needs to be determined comprehensively based on the discharge area, discharge uniformity, temperature rise effect, and insulation safety. Similarly, when the gap between the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode is too large, the sustaining voltage of the surface dielectric barrier discharge region increases, and the induced flow and localized enhanced heating effects weaken. When the gap is small or there is projection overlap, discharge is easier to form, but localized field strength concentration and insulation failure must be avoided.

[0218] In the multi-objective comprehensive optimization stage, one or more methods can be used, such as the entropy weight method, the approximation ideal solution ranking method, or the weighted scoring method. The average temperature rise of the main discharge region, the effective heating area, the discharge coverage range, and the proportion of de-icing area are used as positive indicators, while power consumption, discharge non-uniformity, local overheating risk, and insulation failure risk are used as negative indicators. After standardization, the comprehensive evaluation results of each candidate parameter combination are calculated, and the parameter combination with the highest comprehensive evaluation value and that meets the insulation safety constraints is selected as the preferred solution.

[0219] like Figure 5 As shown, a prototype of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device was fabricated according to optimized parameters and conformally attached to the leading edge of an airfoil. During the attachment process, it is essential to ensure close contact between the flexible dielectric layer and the curved surface to avoid wrinkles, warping, or localized air gaps. For areas with significant curvature variations, the attachment state and electric field distribution can be improved through segmented array arrangement, localized correction of electrode spacing, or adjustment of the encapsulation layer thickness.

[0220] like Figure 6 As shown, icing and de-icing verification can be conducted on a temperature-controlled icing platform or an airfoil de-icing experimental platform. First, an ice layer of a predetermined thickness is formed on the leading edge surface of the airfoil. Then, optimized power parameters are applied to the prototype, and images, infrared thermograms, and voltage and current waveforms of the de-icing process are recorded. After de-icing, the de-icing area percentage can be obtained through image processing, the temperature distribution can be obtained through infrared thermal imaging, the discharge stability can be determined through electrical measurements, and the de-icing rate can be determined by collecting the meltwater and the mass of the remaining peeled ice.

[0221] If the de-icing response time, de-icing area ratio, de-icing rate, temperature distribution uniformity, and discharge stability meet the design requirements, the final design scheme will be output; otherwise, the process will return to the structural parameter or power parameter optimization step to correct the electrode gap, the projection position of the surface floating electrode, the dielectric layer thickness, voltage amplitude, or frequency until the curved surface de-icing requirements are met.

[0222] Through the above embodiments, the present invention can form a stable three-electrode composite discharge region under flexible curved surface attachment conditions, and utilize the large-area heating effect of coplanar dielectric barrier discharge and the induced flow and local reinforcement effect of surface dielectric barrier discharge to achieve effective de-icing of complex curved surface areas such as airfoil leading edges.

[0223] Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise specified, the meanings of the technical and scientific terms used herein are consistent with the general understanding of the relevant technical field. Furthermore, terms defined in general dictionaries should be understood in the context of the technical background in this field and should not be interpreted in an overly idealized or formalistic manner divorced from practical application scenarios.

[0224] The above embodiments have described in detail the main concept, technical solution, and technical effects of the present invention. It should be noted that the above content is merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications, substitutions, or optimizations based on the present invention without departing from its core principles are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Determine the design object, attachment area, and safety constraints: Obtain the geometric shape and radius of curvature of the surface to be de-iced. Boundaries of the protected area, ice thickness Permissible operating temperature Power supply conditions and installation space; the area to be protected is expanded outward by a preset safety margin along the arc length and span direction of the curved surface to obtain the device attachment area. The area to be protected and its surrounding heat-affected zone are designated as the effective de-icing area. ; Based on the breakdown field strength of the flexible dielectric layer Dielectric layer thickness Minimum gap between electrodes and allowable operating temperature Determine the insulation safety constraints and thermal safety constraints; Step S2: Select the flexible dielectric layer material and electrode material: Based on the radius of curvature of the surface Discharge voltage amplitude Dielectric layer thickness Permissible operating temperature The selection of flexible dielectric layer materials is required to meet the requirements of de-icing thermal response; Electrode materials are selected based on conductivity, thickness, flexible processing performance, discharge etching resistance, and adhesion reliability. Step S3: Construct a flexible three-electrode discharge unit: A first buried electrode and a second buried electrode are disposed within the flexible dielectric layer, and a surface floating electrode is disposed on the surface of the flexible dielectric layer to form a flexible three-electrode discharge unit; wherein, the first buried electrode is connected to the AC high voltage terminal, the second buried electrode is connected to the ground terminal, and the surface floating electrode is disconnected from the external power supply and obtains an induced potential through capacitive coupling with the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode. Step S4: Determine the relative positions of the three electrodes and the recombination discharge region: Adjust the projection position of the surface suspended electrode relative to the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode so that the projection of the surface suspended electrode in the thickness direction of the flexible dielectric layer at least partially covers the first buried electrode, and is arranged in a preset state among the projections of the surface suspended electrode being spaced apart, edge-adjacent, and partially staggered. Among them, a coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region is formed between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode, and a surface dielectric barrier discharge region is formed between the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode; the coplanar dielectric barrier discharge region is used to form a uniform plasma heating region, and the surface dielectric barrier discharge region is used to form a surface induced flow and local enhanced heating region, which together constitute a composite heat-flow de-icing zone. Step S5: Establish the electric field model and equivalent circuit model considering curvature correction: With flexible dielectric layer thickness Electrode width Gap between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode Gap between surface-suspended electrode and second buried electrode Surface levitation electrode projection overlap length Voltage amplitude and voltage frequency As a design variable, the radius of curvature of the surface to be de-iced is taken into account. Establish curvature correction relationships; based on the corrected electrode projected area and equivalent distance Calculate the coupling capacitance between the three electrodes; calculate the induced potential of the surface-suspended electrode based on the capacitance voltage division relationship. Calculate the local electric field intensity based on the electric field model; and use the maximum local electric field intensity as the starting point. The candidate parameter combinations are obtained by using the initial discharge voltage, coupling capacitance, and induced potential of the surface floating electrode as the criteria. Step S6: Conduct discharge and thermal effect tests and extract evaluation indicators: Discharge tests were conducted on candidate parameter combinations in both flat and bent attachment states. Voltage and current waveforms, Lissajous figures, discharge images, and infrared thermograms were collected. The discharge power, effective discharge area, discharge uniformity, average temperature rise of the main discharge region, and temperature rise rate were extracted accordingly. Step S7: Perform multi-objective comprehensive evaluation using the entropy weight-TOPSIS method: An evaluation matrix is ​​constructed using the average temperature rise of the main discharge region, effective heating area, and de-icing area ratio as positive indicators, and discharge power, discharge non-uniformity, exposed conductor area ratio, and insulation failure risk as negative indicators. The evaluation matrix is ​​then normalized, and the [missing information - likely a calculation method] is performed. The first indicator The proportion of each candidate parameter combination, information entropy calculation, weight calculation, weighted normalization processing, ideal solution distance calculation, and comprehensive value calculation are used to select the parameter combination with a larger comprehensive value that meets the insulation safety constraint, thermal safety constraint, and no continuous flashover as the preferred structural parameter and preferred power supply parameter. Step S8: Perform icing and de-icing verification and output the final design scheme: A prototype of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device is fabricated based on optimized structural and power parameters. The prototype is conformally attached to the surface to be de-iced, forming an ice layer of a predetermined thickness on the surface, and the optimized power parameters are applied for de-icing. The de-icing area ratio is calculated through image acquisition, and the mass de-icing rate is calculated through the melt water and residual ice mass. When the de-icing area ratio, mass de-icing rate, temperature distribution, and discharge stability meet the preset requirements, the final design scheme is output. When the preset requirements are not met, the process returns to steps S5 to S7 to correct the electrode gap, the overlap length of the surface suspended electrode projection, the thickness of the flexible dielectric layer, the voltage amplitude, and the voltage frequency.

2. The design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the surface to be de-iced includes the leading edge of the aircraft wing, the leading edge of the tail fin, the leading edge of the engine air intake, the leading edge of the rotor blade, the outer surface of the pitot tube, the edge of the windshield, and the curved skin of the UAV. The insulation safety constraints are satisfied; In the formula, The maximum local electric field intensity obtained from the electric field model is... For insulation safety factor, and Thermal safety constraints are satisfied: In the formula, The highest surface temperature of the device obtained from infrared thermal imaging or thermal response modeling. For the allowable operating temperature.

3. The design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the flexible dielectric layer material is selected based on minimum bending radius, breakdown field strength, long-term withstand temperature, dielectric constant, and attachment warpage; and satisfies: In the formula, Minimum allowable bending radius for flexible dielectric layer To ensure the long-term temperature resistance of the flexible dielectric layer, This refers to the warpage after bending and attaching. To allow for warpage; When the radius of curvature of the surface to be de-iced is less than the preset radius of curvature threshold, select a polyimide film or a silicone rubber composite insulation layer; when the insulation margin requirement is higher than the preset insulation threshold, select a polyimide multilayer composite insulation layer or a polytetrafluoroethylene composite insulation layer.

4. The design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the electrode material is selected based on sheet resistance, thickness, minimum bending radius, discharge etching resistance, and flexible processing performance, and satisfies the following: In the formula, The sheet resistance of the electrode is... To allow for obstruction, For electrode thickness, To allow for electrode thickness, The minimum allowable bending radius for the electrode; When low sheet resistance and high power input are required, choose copper foil electrodes; when printing and large-area flexible processing are required, choose silver paste printing electrodes or conductive ink electrodes.

5. The design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the gap between the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode is 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, the gap between the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode is -1 mm to 2 mm, and the negative value indicates that the projection of the surface suspended electrode and the second buried electrode overlaps in the thickness direction. The electrode width is 1 mm to 8 mm, the thickness of the flexible dielectric layer is 25 μm to 1000 μm, and the AC voltage frequency is 1 kHz to 50 kHz.

6. The design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, for distance from the neutral layer The electrode at the location, after being bent and attached, has its arc-shaped dimension corrected as follows: The electrode gap after bending and attachment is corrected as follows: In the formula, The characteristic length of the electrode in a planar state. The electrode gap is in a planar state. The characteristic length of the electrode in a bent state. The electrode gap is in a bent state; Based on the corrected electrode projection area and equivalent distance Calculate the coupling capacitance between the three electrodes: In the formula, For the first time in the bending state Electrode and the first Equivalent coupling capacitance between electrodes The vacuum permittivity, The relative permittivity of the flexible dielectric layer, For the first Electrode and the first Effective projected area between electrodes For the first Electrode and the first Equivalent dielectric distance between electrodes; The induced potential of the surface suspended electrode Calculated based on the voltage division relationship of the capacitor: In the formula, This is the coupling capacitance between the surface-suspended electrode and the first buried electrode. This is the coupling capacitance between the surface-suspended electrode and the second buried electrode. This is the potential of the first buried electrode. This is the potential of the second buried electrode; The local electric field intensity: In the formula, For local electric field intensity, It represents the electric potential.

7. The design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the discharge power is calculated using the Lissajous diagram method: In the formula, For discharge power, The frequency of AC voltage. For external voltage, To transfer charge, To measure capacitance, To measure the voltage across the capacitor; Discharge power is calculated using the voltage-current integration method: In the formula, For voltage period, It is an instantaneous voltage. It is the instantaneous current; Calculate the effective discharge area based on the binarization result of the discharge image: In the formula, For the effective discharge area, This represents the number of pixels in the discharge region after binarization. To evaluate the total number of pixels in the region, This refers to the actual area of ​​the evaluation region; Discharge uniformity can be characterized by the degree of dispersion in the grayscale values ​​of the discharge image. In the formula, The grayscale dispersion coefficient is . The standard deviation of grayscale The average grayscale value. For the first grayscale value of each pixel This refers to the number of pixels. The smaller the value, the better the discharge uniformity.

8. The design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the main discharge region is preset according to the infrared thermal image. Temperature data calculation of heating characteristics: In the formula, The average temperature rise in the main discharge region Number of pixels in the main discharge region. For the first Pixels in Temperature at any moment The heating rate is denoted as .

9. The design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S7, the evaluation matrix is ​​constructed: in The number of candidate parameter combinations. The number of evaluation indicators; Normalize the positive indicators: Normalize negative indicators: Calculate the first The first indicator The proportion of each candidate parameter combination: Calculate the first Information entropy of each indicator: Calculate the first Individual indicator weights: Construct the weighted normalized matrix: Determine the ideal solution and negative ideal solution And calculate the distances from the i-th candidate parameter combination to the positive and negative ideal solutions: Calculate the overall evaluation value: choose Larger and satisfy , The parameter combination that eliminates continuous flashover is selected as the preferred structural parameters and preferred power supply parameters.

10. The design method of a flexible three-electrode dielectric barrier discharge de-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S8, the thickness of the preset thickness ice layer is 1 mm to 5 mm; the de-icing area ratio is calculated through image acquisition. In the formula, This represents the percentage of the area to be de-iced. This represents the area of ​​the de-iced region. This represents the initial area of ​​the icing region; The mass de-icing rate was calculated based on the mass of meltwater and residual ice after stripping. In the formula, For quality de-icing rate, For the quality of the collected meltwater, To remove residual ice mass, The initial water mass for freezing.

Images