Thermoelectric cooling device

Abstract

The elastomeric cooling device (10) includes a plurality of elastomeric modules (12, 14, 16, 18, 20), each of which has at least one tube (52) embedded in a retainer (54). The at least one tube (52) is formed of a shape memory alloy. A pump (30) is in fluid communication with each of the elastomeric modules (12, 14, 16, 18, 20) to drive a heat transfer fluid (HTF) to circulate alternately through at least one tube (52) of each of the elastomeric modules (12, 14, 16, 18, 20) in the direction of fluid flow. The plurality of elastomeric modules (12, 14, 16, 18, 20) are fluidly connected in parallel such that the fluid flow of the heat transfer fluid (HTF) through at least one tube (52) of each of the elastomeric modules (12, 14, 16, 18, 20) is synchronized and consistent.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 622,036, filed January 17, 2024. Technical Field

[0003] The disclosure of this patent application relates to refrigeration, and more specifically to a cooling device utilizing the elastothermic effect. Background Technology

[0004] Elastic-thermal materials are a class of advanced materials that exhibit large temperature changes when mechanical stress is applied and then removed. These materials exhibit the "elasto-thermal effect," a reversible thermal response to mechanical loading and unloading. The elasto-thermal effect is typically caused by entropy changes within the material's structure, such as through phase transitions or reorientation of crystal domains. Due to their large temperature variations, elasto-thermal materials hold significant promise for applications in solid-state refrigeration.

[0005] Traditional cooling technologies, such as vapor compression refrigeration, use harmful refrigerants that contribute to global warming and consume significant amounts of energy. In contrast, elastothermal materials offer an environmentally friendly and energy-efficient alternative. Elastothermal materials can convert mechanical energy into thermal energy, potentially replacing conventional systems and leading to reduced greenhouse gas emissions and lower energy consumption.

[0006] When mechanical stress, such as that applied through tension, compression, or bending, is applied to an elastothermal material, the material can absorb heat from its surroundings (leading to cooling) or release heat (leading to heating). Shape memory alloys (SMAs) exhibit this elastothermal effect. This effect is closely related to reversible phase transformations between different crystal structures; for example, the transformation from austenite to martensite. During this phase transformation, the entropy of the system changes due to atomic rearrangement and changes in internal energy. The transformation from a highly symmetric austenitic phase to a less symmetric martensite phase can absorb or release latent heat, depending on whether the process is endothermic or exothermic. The temperature change (ΔT) depends on several factors, including the material composition; the size, distribution, and orientation of the grains within the material; and the type and magnitude of the applied stress. By controlling these factors, the elastothermal effect can be finely tuned, allowing the design of materials with thermal responses tailored to specific applications.

[0007] Elastic-thermal materials are diverse, including a range of shape memory alloys, which are among the most widely studied materials due to their significant phase transformation properties. Notable examples of these shape memory alloys include nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys, copper-based alloys (e.g., Cu-Zn-Al and Cu-Al-Ni), and iron-based alloys (e.g., Fe-Pd and Fe-Ni). Additionally, some polymer-based materials and ceramics exhibit elasto-thermal effects due to entropy changes associated with tension or bending. These materials can offer unique advantages such as flexibility and lower weight. The selection of materials for elasto-thermal applications depends on several criteria, including the desired operating temperature range, required mechanical strength, material durability under cyclic loading (fatigue resistance), and cost considerations.

[0008] Therefore, a thermo-thermal cooling device is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The elastic-thermal cooling device includes multiple elastic-thermal modules, each having at least one tube embedded in a retainer. The at least one tube is formed of a shape memory alloy. A pump is in fluid communication with each elastic-thermal module, such that the pump drives a heat transfer fluid to circulate alternately through the at least one tube of each elastic-thermal module in the direction of fluid flow. As a non-limiting example, the heat transfer fluid could be a suspension of graphene in water. The multiple elastic-thermal modules are fluidly connected in parallel, such that the fluid flow of the heat transfer fluid through the at least one tube of each elastic-thermal module is synchronized and consistent. Although fluidly connected in parallel, the multiple elastic-thermal modules can be arranged in a straight line, such that the elastic-thermal modules are axially aligned relative to each other.

[0010] These and other features of this subject will become apparent upon further reading of the following instructions. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1A This is a schematic diagram of an elastothermal cooling device operating in the first half of a cycle.

[0012] Figure 1B This is a schematic diagram of an elastothermal cooling device that operates in the latter half of the cooling cycle.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a partial exploded perspective view of the elastic-thermal module of the elastic-thermal cooling device.

[0014] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Front view of the loading head of the thermal module.

[0015] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Front perspective view of the tubes of the thermoelectric module.

[0016] Figure 5The diagram illustrates the linear or serial arrangement of the elastic-thermal modules of the elastic-thermal cooling device.

[0017] Figure 6A This is a dot-line graph comparing the zero-temperature-rise ratio cooling power of graphene nanofluid and distilled water as heat transfer fluids in elasto-thermal cooling devices.

[0018] Figure 6B This is a dotted line graph comparing the temperature rise of graphene nanofluid and distilled water as heat transfer fluids in an elasto-thermal cooling device.

[0019] Figure 7A This shows the cooling power (CP) and specific cooling power (SCP) of an elastothermal cooling device operating at a switching frequency of 3.5 Hz and subjected to a stress of 950 MPa at different flow rates as a function of temperature (T). 温升 A line graph showing the changes.

[0020] Figure 7B It is a graph showing the direct measurement of the cooling power of the elasto-thermal cooling device for different heat loads, wherein the elasto-thermal cooling device is operated at a switching frequency of 3.5 Hz and subjected to a stress of 950 MPa.

[0021] Figure 7C This illustrates the temperature rise (T) between the hot and cold sides of the thermal cooling device. 温升 The curve of the envelope of ().

[0022] Figure 7D This is a dotted graph showing the coefficient of performance (COP) of the thermal cooling device as a function of specific cooling power (SCP).

[0023] Figure 7E This is a dotted graph showing the energy efficiency ξ of an elastothermal cooling device operating at a switching frequency of 3.5 Hz and subjected to a stress of 950 MPa as a function of specific cooling power (SCP).

[0024] Figure 8 It is a graph showing the temperature data collected by the thermodynamic cooling device used as an air conditioner in a model house.

[0025] Throughout the accompanying drawings, similar reference numerals consistently denote the corresponding features. Detailed Implementation

[0026] like Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 2As shown, the thermodynamic cooling device 10 includes a plurality of thermodynamic modules 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, each of which has at least one tube 52 in an embedded retainer 54. The at least one tube 52 is formed of a shape memory alloy. It should be understood that any desired number of thermodynamic modules can be used, and Figure 1A and Figure 1B The five thermoelectric modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 shown are for illustrative purposes only. Figure 1A and Figure 1B In this context, the thermoelastic module 20 is labeled as the Nth module, which means that any desired number of thermoelastic modules can be included. As a non-limiting example, ten such thermoelastic modules can be fluidly connected in parallel.

[0027] exist Figure 2 The image shows four tubes 52 embedded in the retainer 54; however, it should be understood that these four tubes and their specific geometric arrangement relative to each other are shown for illustrative purposes only, and any suitable number of tubes 52 may be used within each thermoelectric module. Figure 2 Only thermal spring module 12 is shown; however, it should be understood that each of thermal spring modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 is constructed to be identical.

[0028] Pump 30 is in fluid communication with each of the heat transfer modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20, such that pump 30 drives heat transfer fluid (HTF) to circulate alternately through at least one pipe 52 of each of the heat transfer modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 in the direction of fluid flow. The multiple heat transfer modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 are fluidly connected in parallel such that the fluid flow of heat transfer fluid through at least one pipe 52 of each of the heat transfer modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 is synchronized and consistent.

[0029] exist Figure 1A In this configuration, fluid switching devices 22 and 24 are both in a first position, allowing heat transfer fluid to flow along a first direction through each of the heat transfer modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20, wherein fluid input is via fluid path 32 and fluid output is via fluid path 34. Fluid path 34 drives the heat transfer fluid to a first heat exchanger 26, in which ambient heat is drawn into the heat transfer fluid (in... Figure 1A The Chinese character is represented as "Q". IN Therefore, a cooling temperature effect is generated in the environment (in Figure 1A The Chinese character is represented as "T". c ").exist Figure 1BIn this configuration, fluid switching devices 22 and 24 are both in the second position, thereby driving the heat transfer fluid in opposite directions through fluid path 36, where the heat transfer fluid is output from thermodynamic modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 into fluid path 38. Fluid path 38 drives the heat transfer fluid to the second heat exchanger 28, where the heated heat transfer fluid is cooled, releasing heat into the environment. Figure 1B The Chinese character is represented as "Q". OUT ”, in which Figure 1B The heating temperature effect of a lieutenant general on the environment is expressed as "T". h ".

[0030] It should be understood that any suitable type of pump or other fluid pressurization device can be used. It should also be understood that any suitable type of switching arrangement can be used. The use of switching devices 22, 24 allows pump 30 to operate in a single direction without start-stop cycles and / or forward-reverse cycles. As a non-limiting example, switching devices 22, 24 can use solenoid valves with a response time of approximately 15 ms, thereby allowing for rapid changes in the direction of fluid flow.

[0031] As described above, when mechanical stress is applied to an elastomeric material, the material can absorb heat from the environment, resulting in cooling. The shape memory alloy (SMA) of at least one tube 52 in each of the elastomeric modules 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 exhibits an elastomeric effect, thus producing an overall cooling or refrigeration effect. The mechanical stress that produces the cooling elastomeric effect is caused by the rapid circulation of fluid pressure (and direction) within each tube 52. Although the switching devices 22 and 24 can be switched at any suitable frequency, a non-limiting example of the circulation frequency for the fluid direction is between 0.25 Hz and 5.0 Hz.

[0032] As a non-limiting example, the heat transfer fluid could be a suspension of graphene in water. As a further non-limiting example, the graphene could have an average particle size of about 1 μm. The concentration of graphene in water could, for example, be about 2 g / L.

[0033] At least one tube 52 is embedded within the retainer 54 to prevent the tube 52 from bending due to mechanical stress caused by rapid circulation of fluid pressure. As a non-limiting example, the retainer 54 may be formed of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). As a non-limiting example, the shape memory alloy may be a nickel-titanium alloy. However, it should be understood that any suitable type of shape memory alloy may be used. Other non-limiting examples of such shape memory alloys include CuZnAl alloys, NiFeGa alloys, and TiNiCu alloys.

[0034] Back Figure 2A non-limiting example is shown, illustrating four tubes 52 embedded in a retainer 54. In addition to the retainer 54 and tubes 52, the thermoelastic module 12 (and similar modules 14, 16, 18, 20) may also include a first fluid distributor 40 and a second fluid distributor 60 mounted at opposite ends of the retainer 54. The first fluid distributor 40 and the second fluid distributor 60 are in fluid communication with the pump 30 via corresponding ports 46, 62, and also with the tubes 52. Thus, as an example, heat transfer fluid can be driven by the pump 30 into the first fluid distributor 40, which then uniformly distributes the heat transfer fluid (through openings 42, 44) into the tubes 52, and the heat transfer fluid flows from the tubes 52 (through similar openings formed through the fluid distributor 60) into the fluid distributor 60 to be drawn through port 62. In the latter half of this exemplary cycle, the flow direction is reversed. It should be understood that any suitable type of fluid distributor can be used to uniformly distribute fluid in and out of the tubes 52. As a non-limiting example, each of the fluid distributors 40, 60 may have a Y-shaped fluid port formed therein.

[0035] exist Figure 2 It should be understood that the central opening 42 and the circular opening 44 are shown for illustrative purposes only. In this particular example, the central opening 42 is aligned with the central tube of the four tubes 52, and the circular opening 44 is aligned with the other three tubes of the four tubes 52. The number and arrangement of the openings in the fluid distributors 40 and 60 depend on the specific number and arrangement of the tubes 52 in the embedded retainer 54.

[0036] Figure 2 A non-limiting example also shows a first loading head 48 inserted between the retainer 54 and the first fluid distributor 40, and a second loading head 56 inserted between the retainer 54 and the second fluid distributor 60. The first loading head 48 and the second loading head 56 have a plurality of holes 50, 58 formed therethrough. The plurality of holes 50, 58 are aligned with a plurality of tubes 52 such that the plurality of holes 50, 58 are in fluid communication with the plurality of tubes 52. The plurality of holes 50, 58 are also in fluid communication with openings 42, 44 formed in the fluid distributor 40 and corresponding openings (not shown) formed in the fluid distributor 60. It should be understood that the first fluid distributor 40 and the second fluid distributor 60 may be constructed to be identical, and the first loading head 48 and the second loading head 56 may also be constructed to be identical.

[0037] exist Figure 4 In a non-limiting example, each tube 52 has a central axial channel 66 formed therethrough, and also has at least one passage 70 formed within the wall 68 of the tube 52. Figure 4This is not a cross-sectional view, but rather shows one end face 64 of the tube 52. A central axial channel 66 and at least one passage 70 both extend continuously through the tube 52 in the axial direction. Figure 4 In this non-limiting example, six passages 70 are shown, each with a unique geometry; however, it should be understood that any suitable number of passages 70 with any suitable geometry can be used. As shown, each passage 70 is in fluid communication with a central axial channel 66, thereby maximizing the contact surface area between the heat transfer fluid and the wall 68 of the tube 52. Figure 3 In a non-limiting example, the holes 50 formed through the loading head 48 are shown as a group, which are aligned with the four exemplary tubes 52 and also make each group of holes 50 fluidly communicate with the central axial channel 66 and the channel 70 of the corresponding tube 52.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, although the thermodynamic modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 are fluidly connected in parallel, they can be arranged in a straight line, such that they are axially aligned with each other. It should be understood that in... Figure 5 In the arrangement shown, there is no axial fluid flow between the thermo-elastic modules 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20; instead, the fluid flow is maintained as... Figure 1A and Figure 1B Parallel connection as shown. Figure 5 The linear or “serial” arrangement of the thermal modules 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 provides a space-saving solution for the thermal cooling device 10. It should be understood that the linear arrangement of the thermal modules 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 can be supported by any suitable type of housing or support structure. As a non-limiting example, the anti-bending retainer 54 can be supported by additional guide rails.

[0039] During testing, the elastic-thermal cooling device 10 is constructed with ten elastic-thermal modules arranged in a straight line in the axial (or force) direction, similar to... Figure 5The diagram shows that a total of 104.4 g of NiTi SMA was uniformly used to construct the tube. The heat transfer fluid was a suspension of graphene in distilled water with an average particle size of 1 μm and a concentration of approximately 2 g / L. Compared to ordinary distilled water, the graphene nanofluid exhibited a thermal conductivity enhancement of up to 50%. The contact angles between the graphene nanofluid and distilled water with NiTi were measured to be 72.4° and 67.3°, respectively, indicating good wetting properties (θ < 90°). Operating at a switching frequency of 3.5 Hz, the elasto-thermal cooling device generated a specific cooling power of 12.3 W / g. A maximum cooling power of 1284.1 W was generated on the fluid side, with a no-load temperature lift of 31.6 K, withstanding over two million compression phase change cycles, and the system fluid pressure remained below 1.5 bar during high-frequency operation.

[0040] During testing, each of the ten thermoelectric modules... Figure 2 The configuration shown includes four tubes embedded in a PMMA cylindrical retainer. The four NiTi tubes in each retainer have a cross-sectional area of ​​32.4 mm². 2 .use Figure 4 The diagram shows the geometrically constructed tube. Within each thermoelectric module, the NiTi tube has a specific heat transfer area of ​​12.5 cm². 2 / g. The fluid distributor and loading head for each thermoelectric module are made of ceramic and, as Figure 2 The assembly is shown. For testing purposes, zirconia (ZrO2) ceramic with a content of 0.2 W·m⁻¹ was used. -1 ·K -1 It has relatively low thermal conductivity. A solenoid valve is used to switch the direction of the heat transfer fluid with a response time of 15ms.

[0041] The anti-bending PMMA retainer is further constrained by the guide rail, thus allowing movement only in the axial (or force) direction. At each end of each elasto-thermal module, a fluid distributor includes a Y-type fluid port for connecting the SMA to the heat transfer fluid. The completed elasto-thermal cooling device used for testing has a length of approximately 1.5 m (in the axial direction), a width of approximately 0.35 m, and a height of approximately 0.35 m.

[0042] During testing, the thermoelastic cooling device operated at eleven different frequencies: 0.25Hz, 0.5Hz, 1.0Hz, 1.5Hz, 2.0Hz, 2.5Hz, 3.0Hz, 3.5Hz, 4.0Hz, 4.5Hz, and 5.0Hz. Loading and unloading times were set to 0.05s; for example, when the thermoelastic cooling device operated at 3.5Hz, the loading, holding, unloading, and holding times were 0.05s, 0.09s, 0.05s, and 0.09s, respectively. The applied stress was 950MPa. Figure 6A This compares the zero-lift specific cooling power (SCP) of graphene nanofluids and distilled water as heat transfer fluids in elastothermal cooling devices. 零温升 A dotted-line diagram. Due to the high heat exchange efficiency of graphene nanofluids, devices using graphene nanofluids are used in SCP. 零温升 The SCP is always greater than that of a device using distilled water at all frequencies. 零温升 SCP using graphene nanofluids 零温升 The power initially increases with increasing operating frequency and then decreases, reaching a maximum of 12.3 W / g, which corresponds to a cooling power of 1284.1 W at 3.5 Hz. The SCP uses distilled water. 零温升 It reaches its maximum value of 10.9 W / g, corresponding to a cooling power of 1138.0 W at 3.0 Hz. SCP 零温升 The trend of initially increasing and then decreasing with increasing operating frequency is due to the competition between two factors: (i) the theoretical maximum SCP of the system (i.e., the increase in SCP). 最大 ) 理论 =Q×f, where Q is the latent heat of the elastothermal material and f is the operating frequency) and (ii) insufficient heat exchange time when the frequency is too high; that is, the heat transfer time of the fluid is too short.

[0043] Figure 6B This compares the no-load temperature rise (T) of graphene nanofluid and distilled water as heat transfer fluids in an elasto-thermal cooling device. 温升 ) 空载 The dotted-line diagram shows that regardless of whether distilled water or graphene nanofluid is used as the HTF, the device's (T) 温升 ) 空载 It also initially increases and then decreases with increasing operating frequency. However, (T 温升 ) 空载 The variation range (84.4%, from 16.0K at 0.25Hz to 29.5K at 3.5Hz) is smaller than that of SCP. 零温升The variation range (485.7%, from 2.1 W / g at 0.25 Hz to 12.3 W / g at 3.5 Hz). In other words, compared to SCP... 零温升 In comparison, (T) 温升 ) 空载 It is less sensitive to operating frequency. At the same operating frequency, devices using graphene nanofluids as HTFs (T 温升 ) 空载 Slightly smaller than the device using distilled water as HTF (T 温升 ) 空载 This may be due to (T) 温升 ) 空载 The small residual cooling power during measurement. In this case, the large heat loss of the non-active parts of the device using graphene nanofluids as HTF (i.e., the loading head, etc.) may adversely affect (T 温升 ) 空载 Measurement.

[0044] Figure 7A This shows the cooling power (CP) and specific cooling power (SCP) of an elastothermal cooling device operating at a switching frequency of 3.5 Hz and subjected to a stress of 950 MPa at different flow rates as a function of temperature (T). 温升 A dotted line graph showing the changes in flow rate. A large flow rate (V*=3.0) facilitates achieving a large SCP, while a relatively small flow rate (V*=0.5) facilitates achieving a large (T) SCP. 温升 ) 空载 V* represents the ratio of the volume of fluid pumped through the device to the volume of the hollow space inside the device during a single holding time period. The SCP of a device using graphene nanofluids as an HTF. 零温升 Compared to SCP devices that use distilled water as HTF 零温升 Large, until T 温升 More than 7.5K (V*=3.0) and 28.5K (V*=0.5).

[0045] Figure 7B It is a graph showing the direct measurement of the cooling power of the elasto-thermal cooling device for different heat loads, wherein the elasto-thermal cooling device is operated at a switching frequency of 3.5 Hz and subjected to a stress of 950 MPa. Figure 7A The same high flow rate (V*=3.0) used is also used for Figure 7B The data shown is as follows. During the test via the hot-side heat bath (HHEX), the inlet fluid temperature on the hot side of the SMA module was controlled to be constant. By adjusting the inlet fluid temperature on the cold side of the SMA module via the cold-side heat bath (CHEX), the heating power of the combined resistance wire at a given temperature rise was recorded, which is equal to the heating power at that T. 温升The cooling power generated by the device was measured. Both HHEX and CHEX were disconnected from the device to test the maximum temperature rise (referred to as the "no-load condition"), in which the fluid was freely heated and cooled at both ends of the device. Figure 7C The evolution of the device's no-load temperature rise (measured by thermocouples) at different flow rates is shown. Specifically, Figure 7C The graph shows the temperature rise (T0) between the hot and cold sides of the elasto-thermal cooling device (operating at a switching frequency of 3.5 Hz and subjected to a stress of 950 MPa) before reaching steady state. 温升 The envelope of ).

[0046] Figure 7D This is a dotted graph showing the coefficient of performance (COP) of a thermal cooling device (operating at a switching frequency of 3.5 Hz and subjected to a stress of 950 MPa) as a function of specific cooling power (SCP). Figure 7D The data shown assumes that all power is recovered and does not take into account the efficiency of the actuator. Figure 7E This is a dotted graph showing the energy efficiency ξ of an elasto-thermal cooling device operating at a switching frequency of 3.5 Hz and subjected to a stress of 950 MPa as a function of specific cooling power (SCP). As shown in the figure, COP increases monotonically with SCP, while energy efficiency ξ initially increases with increasing SCP and then decreases. This is mainly because the energy dissipation (i.e., mechanical energy input) changes very little within such a small temperature increase (approximately 30 K), but when T... h and T c When the temperature difference between them decreases, the COP 卡诺 Significant increase. A 10K increase in the industry standard temperature (i.e., a 298K heatsink temperature increase). h ) and the heat source temperature of 288K (T c Under these conditions, the COP and energy efficiency ξ of the device using graphene nanofluid as HTF are 1.2% and 3.1%, respectively. The device using graphene nanofluid as HTF has a maximum COP of 7.9 at its SCP of 12.3 W / g and a maximum energy efficiency ξ of 5.6% at its SCP of 5.3 W / g.

[0047] To further test under real-world conditions, a structure was built with a length of 1.5m, a width of 1.0m, and a height of 1.8m (total volume 2.7m). 3 A model house. The house is located in an outdoor space. An elastic thermal cooling system is installed to demonstrate its use as an air conditioning unit, where the elastic thermal cooling system is used to cool water. The temperature T of the produced cold water is... c,outThe temperature is 12°C, and cold water is pumped from the device to the finned radiators installed inside the model house. In summer, when the outdoor temperature is 30°C to 31°C, a stable indoor air temperature of 21°C to 22°C is reached within three minutes. Figure 8 This is a graph showing the data collected for the model house. Further experimental data can be found in the inventors' following article: "A multi-material cascade elastocaloric cooling device for large temperature lift.", Zhou, Guoan et al., Nature Energy (2024): 1-9.

[0048] It should be understood that the thermal cooling device is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but is covered by any and all embodiments implemented by the embodiments described herein in the general language of the appended claims, or embodiments shown in the drawings or described above in a manner sufficient to enable those skilled in the art to make and use the claimed subject matter.

Claims

1. A thermo-elastic cooling device, comprising: Multiple elastic-thermal modules, wherein each of the elastic-thermal modules includes at least one tube embedded in a retainer, the at least one tube comprising a shape memory alloy; and A pump, which is in fluid communication with each of the thermoelastic modules, drives the heat transfer fluid to circulate alternately through at least one pipe in each of the thermoelastic modules in the direction of fluid flow. The plurality of elastic-thermal modules are fluidly connected in parallel, such that the fluid flow of the heat transfer fluid through the at least one pipe of each of the elastic-thermal modules is synchronous and consistent.

2. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the at least one tube in the thermo-elastic module comprises a plurality of tubes.

3. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 2, wherein, Each of the thermoelastic modules further includes a first fluid distributor and a second fluid distributor mounted at opposite ends of the retainer, the first fluid distributor and the second fluid distributor being in fluid communication with the pump and the plurality of pipes, respectively.

4. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 3, wherein, Each of the thermoelastic modules further includes a first loading head inserted between the retainer and the first fluid distributor, and a second loading head inserted between the retainer and the second fluid distributor, wherein each of the first loading head and the second loading head has a plurality of holes formed therethrough, the plurality of holes being aligned with the plurality of tubes such that the plurality of holes are in fluid communication with the plurality of tubes.

5. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one tube has a central axial channel formed therethrough, and also has at least one passage formed within the wall of the at least one tube, the at least one passage being in fluid communication with the central axial channel.

6. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of elastic-thermal modules are arranged in a straight line, such that the elastic-thermal modules are axially aligned with each other.

7. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 1, wherein, The shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy.

8. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 1, wherein, The retainer comprises polymethyl methacrylate.

9. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 1, wherein, The heat transfer fluid includes a suspension of graphene in water.

10. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 9, wherein, The graphene has an average particle size of 1 μm.

11. The elastic-thermal cooling device according to claim 10, wherein, The concentration of graphene in the water is 2 g / L.

Images