Method for operating a fuel cell system, fuel cell system, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for operating a fuel monocell system (10), wherein, in a method step, the temperature of a fuel monocell unit (12) of the fuel monocell system (10) is adjusted by means of an air supply rate. It is proposed that the air supply rate be determined, at least according to the rate of change of a target temperature value (22) of the fuel monocell unit (12), in at least one operating state.

Description

Background Technology

[0001] A method for operating a fuel single-pool system has been proposed, wherein, in a method step, the temperature of the fuel single-pool unit of the fuel single-pool system is regulated by means of an air supply rate. Summary of the Invention

[0002] The present invention relates to a method for operating a fuel single-pool system, wherein, in the method steps, the temperature of the fuel single-pool unit of the fuel single-pool system is regulated by means of, in particular, the air supply rate of the fan unit of the fuel single-pool system.

[0003] It is proposed that the air supply rate be determined, in at least one operating state, based on the rate of change of the target temperature value of the fuel cell unit. The method according to the invention enables particularly precise control of the temperature of the fuel cell unit. Advantageously, it enables particularly mild operation of the fuel cell system. Advantageously, it provides resistance to damage to the fuel cell system. Advantageously, it enables particularly durable operation of the fuel cell system.

[0004] The fuel cell unit preferably has at least one fuel cell. The fuel cell is preferably constructed as a solid oxide fuel cell, and more particularly as a high-temperature fuel cell, wherein the solid oxide fuel cell is also preferably referred to as a Solid OxidFuel Cell, abbreviated as SOFC.

[0005] The fuel single-pool system particularly includes a fan unit, preferably the fan unit already mentioned. The fan unit is preferably configured to supply gas, particularly air, to the fuel single-pool unit. "Configured" should be understood as specifically set, specifically designed, and / or specifically equipped. An object configured for a specific function should be understood as the object satisfying and / or performing that specific function in at least one use and / or operating state. Preferably, the fan unit has at least one fan, such as a radial fan or an axial fan, and / or a compressor, such as a radial compressor or an axial compressor. The fan unit is particularly configured to generate pressure that causes gas movement, preferably causing a volumetric flow rate of the gas.

[0006] The fuel cell system preferably includes a control and / or regulation unit. The control or regulation unit particularly includes at least one processor and a storage element, and an operating program stored on said storage element. The storage element is preferably configured as a digital storage medium, such as a hard disk or the like. The control and / or regulation unit is preferably configured to control and / or regulate the fan unit, particularly the air supply rate of the fan unit. Preferably, the fan unit, particularly the air supply rate, is pre-controlled in at least one operating state. Preferably, the fan unit, particularly the air supply rate, is pre-controlled in at least one operating state based on changes in a target temperature value of the fuel cell unit. Preferably, the control and / or regulation unit is configured to, particularly in a method step, preferably in a regulation step, adjust the fan unit, preferably the air supply rate, based on changes in the target temperature value of the fuel cell unit through pre-control. Preferably, the fan unit, particularly the air supply rate, is determined based on changes in the target temperature value of the fuel cell unit when the load at the fuel cell unit changes, particularly when the flow intensity of the fuel cell unit changes. Preferably, the method is designed to provide dynamic pre-control of the temperature of the fuel cell unit. Preferably, the air supply rate, determined based on changes in the target temperature value, is part of the dynamic pre-control. The control and / or regulation unit is connected, particularly in terms of control technology, to the gas guiding unit, preferably the fan unit, and / or the fuel cell unit.

[0007] The target temperature value is changed, particularly when the load at the fuel cell unit changes, and especially when the flow intensity of the fuel cell unit changes, for example, by means of the control and / or regulation unit. Preferably, the target temperature value is determined and / or adjusted based on the flow intensity of the fuel cell unit, preferably by means of the control and / or regulation unit. The target temperature value is preferably determined based on the fan unit, particularly based on the air supply rate, preferably based on the maximum air supply rate of the fan unit and / or based on the minimum air supply rate of the fan unit, and is particularly dependent on the trajectory of the flow intensity of the fuel cell unit. It is especially preferred to determine the target temperature value based on the time derivative of the maximum air supply rate of the fan unit and / or based on the time derivative of the minimum air supply rate of the fan unit, and is particularly dependent on the trajectory of the flow intensity of the fuel cell unit.

[0008] The gas supplied to the fuel cell via the fan unit is specifically configured to participate in the energy generation process of the fuel cell. Preferably, at least a portion of the oxygen present in the gas supplied via the fan unit is configured to chemically react with the fuel gas, such as hydrogen, in the fuel cell to generate energy. However, it is also conceivable that the gas volume flow is at least partially used to cool the fuel cell. For example, about 90% of the gas volume flow can be configured to cool the fuel cell, while about 10% of the gas volume flow can be configured to participate in the energy generation reaction of the fuel cell. "Gas" should preferably be understood as ambient air and / or exhaust gas. In particular, the gas supplied to the fuel cell is ambient air, and the exhaust gas is exhaust gas. Here, the exhaust gas can be formed as a mixture of ambient air and other combustion products, especially those formed during the energy generation process, and unburned gases, especially those not involved in the energy generation process, such as fuel gas. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the supplied gas is different from the ambient air, for example, provided as a pre-given gas mixture (e.g., from a gas cylinder). The gas supply can be designed via gas supply lines, such as channels, shafts, or pipes, or via a relatively closed gas input line connecting the fan unit to the fuel cell. The phrase "during operation" should preferably be understood as the period during energy generation operation of the fuel cell, during which the fuel cell is at its operating temperature. Preferably, the operating temperature of the fuel cell is above 500°C, particularly in the range between 500°C and 1100°C. "Input temperature of the gas before the fuel cell" should be understood specifically as the temperature of the gas flowing into the fuel cell. Typically, the input temperature differs from the ambient temperature, for example, the input temperature is significantly higher than the ambient temperature. "Exhaust gas temperature after the fuel cell" should be understood as the temperature of the gas leaving the fuel cell (both consumed and heated), particularly after participating in the energy generation function of the fuel cell.

[0009] The air supply rate preferably consists of dynamic pre-control terms, static pre-control terms, and / or PI / PID control terms. The PI / PID control term specifically represents PI / PID control. The static pre-control term specifically represents static pre-control. The dynamic pre-control term specifically represents the dynamic pre-control. Preferably applicable to the air supply rate: .

[0010] This specifically corresponds to the air supply rate. This specifically corresponds to the static pre-control item. This specifically corresponds to the pre-control item in the dynamic context. Specifically, this corresponds to the PI / PID control term. The air supply rate is preferably the material flow rate.

[0011] The dynamic pre-control term can be obtained, in particular, based on the enthalpy balance of the fuel cell unit. From the enthalpy balance, especially with respect to the air supply rate, the following is obtained: Among them, the preferred purely dynamic term can be derived from the equation: , Preferred for defining regulator equations. In particular, the current generated by the fuel cell unit. Preferably, it is with the current. Associated voltage. The molar enthalpy of the gas flowing out of the fuel cell unit. Preferably, it is the molar enthalpy of the gas flowing into the fuel cell unit. This specifically corresponds to the number of fuel cells in the fuel cell unit. In particular, it represents the theoretical single-cell voltage of the fuel single-cell unit when there is no need for cooling and / or heating via cathode air. Preferably, this refers to the outlet temperature at the reformer in the fuel single-pool system. The reformer is specifically configured for reforming the fuel.

[0012] Especially suitable for: .

[0013] Specifically, this refers to the temperature of the gas flowing out of the fuel cell unit. Specifically, it indicates the target temperature value of the gas flowing out of the fuel cell unit. Preferably, this refers to the fuel utilization of the fuel single-pool unit. Specifically, it indicates the number of electrons available for oxidation of the fuel per mole of fuel. Specifically, it indicates the number of carbon atoms in the fuel per mole of fuel at the anode input. Specifically, it indicates the number of carbon atoms per mole of the exhaust gas in the low-fuel exhaust gas at the anode output. Specifically, it indicates the heat capacity of the fuel cell unit. This is especially relevant to the error term.

[0014] Especially multiplicative factors This is added to the purely dynamic terms to preferably parameterize the degree of pre-controlled intensity of the dynamics: , in, Preferably, the proportion of the gas is supplied to the fuel cell unit, and in particular the cathode of the fuel cell unit, based on the dynamic pre-control. and Combination and optimization + This is especially relevant to flat pre-control. In particular, the molar enthalpy of the fuel when it flows into the fuel pool unit. In particular, the molar enthalpy of the fuel as it flows out of the fuel single-pool unit. F specifically represents the Faraday constant.

[0015] Furthermore, it is proposed that a lower limit be determined in the method steps for the rate of change of the target temperature value. This advantageously supports particularly mild operation of the fuel cell unit. It advantageously enables particularly precise, mild, and / or efficient regulation of the actual temperature of the fuel cell unit.

[0016] Furthermore, it is proposed that an upper limit be calculated in the method steps for the rate of change of the target temperature value. This advantageously supports particularly mild operation of the fuel cell unit. It advantageously enables particularly precise, mild, and / or efficient regulation of the actual temperature of the fuel cell unit.

[0017] Furthermore, it is proposed that a lower limit of the rate of change for the target temperature value be determined, at least based on the operating characteristic parameters of the fan unit, particularly those previously mentioned, used to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell unit. This advantageously supports particularly mild operation of the fuel cell unit. It advantageously enables particularly precise, mild, and / or efficient regulation of the actual temperature of the fuel cell unit. The operating characteristic parameters preferably include at least the maximum air supply rate, the minimum air supply rate, the maximum change in air supply rate, and / or the minimum change in air supply rate.

[0018] The lower limit of the rate of change of the target temperature value is calculated in particular as follows: .

[0019] Specifically, it must be equal to zero or positive. It is conceivable that the dynamic pre-control setting is used to determine the air supply rate based on a static pre-control term already obtained according to the static pre-control and / or a PI / PID control term obtained by means of the PI / PID control: .

[0020] Preferably, it is the maximum air supply rate of the fan unit. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the dynamic pre-control has the highest priority, especially making: .

[0021] Furthermore, it is proposed that an upper limit be determined for the rate of change of the target temperature value, at least based on the operating characteristic parameters of the fan unit, which is used to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell unit, and especially the previously mentioned parameters. This advantageously supports particularly mild operation of the fuel cell unit. It advantageously enables particularly precise, mild, and / or efficient regulation of the actual temperature of the fuel cell unit.

[0022] The upper limit of the rate of change of the target temperature value is calculated in particular as follows: .

[0023] Preferred Applicability: or .

[0024] Especially equal to zero or negative. Preferably, it is the minimum air supply rate of the fan unit.

[0025] Furthermore, an upper limit is proposed for the value of the time derivative of the rate of change of the target temperature with respect to the method steps. This advantageously resists damage due to load variations and supports particularly mild operation of the fuel cell unit.

[0026] The upper limit of the time derivative of the rate of change of the target temperature value is particularly applicable: .

[0027] Furthermore, a method step is proposed to determine the lower bound of the time derivative of the rate of change of the target temperature. This advantageously resists damage due to load variations and supports particularly mild operation of the fuel cell unit.

[0028] This is particularly applicable to the lower limit of the time derivative of the rate of change of the target temperature value: .

[0029] Furthermore, a previously mentioned single-pool fuel system with at least one computing unit is proposed, which performs the method. The single-pool fuel system according to the invention enables particularly precise temperature control of the single-pool fuel unit. Advantageously, it allows for particularly mild operation of the single-pool fuel system. It is advantageously resistant to damage to the single-pool fuel system. Advantageously, it makes particularly durable single-pool fuel systems available for use. It is conceivable that the computing unit is part of a control and / or regulation unit.

[0030] Furthermore, a computer-readable storage medium is proposed, comprising commands that, when implemented by a computing unit, particularly those already mentioned, cause the computing unit to implement at least a portion of the method according to the invention. The computer-readable storage medium according to the invention enables particularly precise control of the temperature of the fuel cell unit. Advantageously, it enables particularly mild operation of the fuel cell system. Advantageously, it provides resistance to damage to the fuel cell system. Advantageously, it enables particularly durable operation of the fuel cell system. The computer-readable storage medium can be configured, for example, as a digital storage medium, such as a hard disk, a memory stick, especially a USB memory stick or the like, a data disk, especially a CD, a DVD or the like, or other computer-readable storage media that appear meaningful to those skilled in the art.

[0031] Furthermore, a computer program product is proposed, comprising commands that, when executed by a computing unit, particularly as previously mentioned, cause the computing unit to execute at least a portion of the method according to the invention. The computer program product according to the invention enables particularly precise control of the temperature of the fuel cell unit. Advantageously, it enables particularly mild operation of the fuel cell system. Advantageously, it provides resistance to damage to the fuel cell system. Advantageously, it enables particularly durable operation of the fuel cell system. The computer program product is preferably storable, particularly on a storage medium.

[0032] The methods, fuel single-pool systems, storage media, and / or computer program products according to the present invention should not be limited to the uses and implementations described above. In particular, the methods, fuel single-pool systems, storage media, and / or computer program products according to the present invention can have a different number of elements, components, units, and method steps than those mentioned herein, to satisfy the functional modes described herein. Furthermore, values ​​within the ranges specified in this disclosure should also be considered disclosed and freely usable. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Further advantages are illustrated in the following figures, which show embodiments of the invention. The figures, description, and claims include numerous combinatorial features. Those skilled in the art will also consider these features individually and combine them into other meaningful combinations.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a single fuel tank system is shown in block form. Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of a method for operating the fuel single-pool system is shown, and Figure 3 A schematic flowchart illustrating the method for determining the air supply rate is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Figure 1 A single-cell fuel system 10 is shown. The single-cell fuel system 10 has a single-cell fuel unit 12. The single-cell fuel unit 12 has a single fuel cell. However, alternatively, it is also conceivable that the single-cell fuel unit 12 has more than one single fuel cell. The single fuel cell is constructed as a solid oxide fuel cell. The single fuel cell is constructed as a high-temperature fuel cell.

[0036] The fuel cell system 10 includes a gas guiding unit 16. The gas guiding unit 16 is configured to supply gas to the fuel cell unit 12, particularly the fuel cell. The gas guiding unit 16 is also configured to supply oxygen to the fuel cell unit 12, particularly the fuel cell, for chemical energy production reactions. The gas guiding unit 16 is configured to supply gas to the fuel cell unit 12, particularly the fuel cell, which should cool the fuel cell unit 12, particularly the fuel cell. The gas guiding unit 16 is also configured to exhaust gas from the fuel cell unit 12, particularly the fuel cell. The gas guiding unit 16 can be formed, for example, through a system of gas guiding channels or similar structures.

[0037] The fuel single-pool system 10 includes a fan unit 14. A gas guiding unit 16 includes the fan unit 14. The fan unit 14 is configured to generate a gas volume flow 20 within the gas guiding unit 16. The gas guiding unit 16 has an exhaust outlet 82 downstream of the fuel single-pool unit 12, particularly the fuel single-pool. A chimney 18 can be connected to the exhaust outlet 82. The gas guiding unit 16 has a gas inlet 44. Ambient air is supplied to the fan unit 14 through the gas inlet 44. The gas guiding unit 16 has an air filter 80. The air filter 80 is positioned in front of the fan unit 14. The chimney 18 can be constructed separately from or as part of the fuel single-pool system 10. The chimney 18 can have different structural forms that affect airflow characteristics.

[0038] The fan unit 14 has at least one fan, such as a radial fan or an axial fan, and / or a compressor, such as a radial compressor or an axial compressor. The fan unit 14 is configured to generate pressure that causes gas movement, preferably causing a volumetric flow of the gas.

[0039] The fuel single-pool system 10 has a control and / or regulation unit 42. The fuel single-pool system 10, and particularly the control and / or regulation unit 42, has a calculation unit 52. The calculation unit 52 is configured to calculate the air supply rate of the fan unit 14. The fuel single-pool system 10 has a computer-readable storage medium 54. The computer-readable storage medium 54 includes a command that, when executed by the calculation unit 52, causes the calculation unit to calculate the air supply rate of the fan unit 14. The fuel single-pool system 10 has a computer program product 56. The computer program product 56 is stored on the computer-readable storage medium 54. The computer program product 56 includes the command that, when executed by the calculation unit 52, causes the calculation unit to calculate the air supply rate of the fan unit 14.

[0040] Control and / or regulation unit 42 is configured to control and / or regulate the fan unit 14. The fan unit 14, particularly the air supply rate, is pre-controlled in at least one operating state. The fan unit 14, particularly the air supply rate, is pre-controlled based on changes in the target temperature value 22 of the fuel cell unit 12 in at least one operating state. Control and / or regulation unit 42 is configured to, particularly in method steps, preferably in regulation step 32, adjust the fan unit 14, preferably the air supply rate, based on changes in the target temperature value 22. When the load at the fuel cell unit 12 changes, particularly when the flow intensity of the fuel cell unit 12 changes, the fan unit 14, particularly the air supply rate, is determined based on changes in the target temperature value 22 of the fuel cell unit 12.

[0041] The target temperature value 22 is changed, for example, by means of the control and / or regulation unit 42, when the load at the fuel unit 12 changes, particularly when the flow intensity of the fuel unit 12 changes. The target temperature value 22 is determined and / or adjusted by means of the control and / or regulation unit 42 according to the flow intensity of the fuel unit 12.

[0042] The trajectory of the temperature target value 22, which is particularly dependent on the flow intensity of the fuel cell unit 12, is determined based on the fan unit 14, especially based on the air supply rate of the fan unit 14, preferably based on the maximum air supply rate 48 and / or based on the minimum air supply rate 50 of the fan unit 14. The trajectory of the temperature target value 22, which is particularly dependent on the flow intensity of the fuel cell unit 12, is determined based on the time derivative of the maximum air supply rate 48 of the fan unit 14 and / or based on the time derivative of the minimum air supply rate 50 of the fan unit 14.

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic flow diagram of a method for operating the fuel monocell system 10 is shown. The method is designed to provide dynamic, pre-controlled temperature of the fuel monocell unit 12. Regarding the air supply rate... Applicable to: .

[0044] Corresponding to static pre-control item 58 (see also) Figure 3 ). This corresponds to the dynamic pre-control item 46. This corresponds to PI / PID control term 60. The air supply rate is preferably the material flow rate. PI / PID control term 60 represents PI / PID control. Static pre-control term 58 represents static pre-control. Dynamic pre-control term 46 represents the dynamic pre-control.

[0045] In the method steps, particularly in the PID / PI adjustment step 72, the PI / PID adjustment term 60 of the fan unit 14 is obtained. In the method steps, particularly in the static pre-control step 74, the static pre-control term 58 of the fan unit 14 is obtained.

[0046] In the method steps, particularly in the dynamic pre-control step 76, the dynamic pre-control term 46 is obtained. Preferably, in the dynamic pre-control step 76, the air supply rate is obtained at least in at least one operating state based on the rate of change of the target temperature value of the fuel cell unit 12. The air supply rate obtained by means of static pre-control, particularly based on at least the static pre-control term 58, is used to obtain the air supply rate based on the rate of change of the target temperature value 22, and especially the dynamic pre-control term 46.

[0047] The dynamic pre-control term 46 is determined by a multiplier factor 40 and the molar enthalpy 70 of the gas flowing out of the fuel cell unit 12. The molar enthalpy of the gas flowing into the fuel cell unit 12 is 68. The multiplier factor 64 and the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 of the fuel cell unit 12 Together constitute (see) Figure 3 The multiplicative factor 64 corresponds to... For the aforementioned dynamic pre-control item 46: .

[0048] The dynamic pre-control term 46 is obtained in calculation step 66. Molar enthalpy 70 depends on the temperature of the gas flowing into the fuel cell unit 12. 88. Molar enthalpy Depends on the target temperature of the gas flowing out of the fuel cell unit 12. twenty two.

[0049] The fuel single-pool system 10 has a filter element 24, particularly a low-flow filter, such as a PT1 filter. The filter element 24 is configured to smooth the target temperature value 22. (Molar enthalpy) The temperature target value 22 is calculated based on the smoothed temperature target value 22 achieved by means of the filter element 24.

[0050] A dynamic constraint 26 is imposed on the trajectory of the target temperature value 22 of the fuel cell unit 12. In the method steps, particularly in the dynamic pre-control step 76, an upper limit 28 for the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is determined. This upper limit 28 for the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is determined at least based on the operating characteristic parameters of the fan unit 14 used to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell unit 12, particularly the minimum air supply rate 50.

[0051] The upper limit 28 of the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is calculated using the multiplication factor 62, the minimum air supply rate 50, the static pre-control term 58, the PID / PI adjustment term 60, the molar enthalpy 70 of the gas flowing out of the fuel cell unit 12, and the molar enthalpy 68 of the gas flowing into the fuel cell unit 12. The upper limit 28 of the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is calculated as follows: .

[0052] Applicable here The multiplicative factor 62 corresponds to... . The minimum air supply rate of the fan unit 14 is 50.

[0053] In the method steps, particularly in the dynamic pre-control step 76, a lower limit 30 for the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is determined. The lower limit 30 for the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is determined at least based on the operating characteristic parameters of the fan unit 14 for regulating the temperature of the fuel cell unit 12, particularly the minimum air supply rate 50.

[0054] The lower limit 30 of the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is calculated using the multiplication factor 78, the maximum air supply rate 48, the static pre-control term 58, the PID-PI adjustment term 60, the molar enthalpy 70 of the gas flowing out of the fuel cell unit 12, and the molar enthalpy 68 of the gas flowing into the fuel cell unit 12. The lower limit 30 of the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is calculated as follows: , in, And the multiplier factor 78 corresponds to . The maximum air supply rate of the fan unit 14 is 48%.

[0055] Achieve target temperature value Dynamic constraints 34 on the trajectory of the rate of change of temperature target value 22. In the method steps, particularly in the dynamic pre-control step 76, an upper limit 36 ​​is obtained for the value of the time derivative of the rate of change with respect to the target temperature value 22. The upper limit 36 ​​of the time derivative of the rate of change with respect to the target temperature value is calculated using the multiplication factor 86, the time derivative 90 of the minimum air supply rate, the molar enthalpy 70 of the gas flowing out of the fuel cell unit 12, and the molar enthalpy 68 of the gas flowing into the fuel cell unit 12. The upper limit 36 ​​of the time derivative of the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is calculated as follows: , Wherein, the multiplier factor 86 corresponds to .

[0056] In the method steps, particularly in the dynamic pre-control step 76, a lower limit 38 of the time derivative of the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is determined. This lower limit 38 is calculated using the multiplication factor 84, the time derivative 92 of the maximum air supply rate, the molar enthalpy 70 of the gas flowing out of the fuel cell unit 12, and the molar enthalpy 68 of the gas flowing into the fuel cell unit 12. The lower limit 38 of the time derivative of the rate of change of the target temperature value 22 is calculated as follows: , Wherein, the multiplier factor 84 corresponds to .

[0057] In the method steps, particularly in the adjustment step 32, the temperature of the fuel cell unit 12 is adjusted by means of the air supply rate.

Claims

1. Method for operating a fuel cell system (10), wherein In the method steps, the temperature of the fuel single-pool unit (12) of the fuel single-pool system (10) is adjusted by means of the air supply rate, characterized in that the air supply rate is determined at least according to the rate of change of the target temperature value (22) of the fuel single-pool unit (12) in at least one operating state.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the method steps, the lower limit (30) of the rate of change of the target temperature value (22) is determined.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the method steps, the upper limit (28) of the rate of change of the target temperature value (22) is determined.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower limit (30) of the rate of change of the target temperature value (22) is determined at least based on the operating characteristic parameters of the fan unit (14) used to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell unit (12).

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper limit (28) of the rate of change of the target temperature value (22) is determined at least based on the operating characteristic parameters of the fan unit (14) used to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell unit (12).

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, In the method steps, the upper limit (36) of the time derivative of the rate of change of the target temperature value (22) is obtained.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, In the method steps, the lower limit (38) of the time derivative of the rate of change of the target temperature value (22) is obtained.

8. A fuel single-pool system (10) having at least one computing unit (52) for performing at least a portion of the method according to any one of the preceding claims.

9. A computer-readable storage medium (54) comprising commands that, when executed by a computing unit (52), cause the computing unit to perform at least a portion of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product (56) comprising commands that, when implemented by a computing unit (52), cause the computing unit to perform at least a portion of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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