Signal transmission method and apparatus, device, storage medium, and chip

Abstract

A signal transmission method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and chip belong to the field of mobile communication technology. The method, executed by a zero-power device, includes: acquiring a first resource (step 610); transmitting a positioning reference signal actively based on the first resource (step 620); the positioning reference signal is used by a positioning device receiving the signal to perform positioning-related measurements and acquire corresponding information. This scheme can determine the resources used by multiple zero-power devices when transmitting positioning reference signals, thereby effectively avoiding interference from multiple zero-power devices transmitting positioning reference signals on the same resources, and thus improving the measurement reception and positioning accuracy of the positioning device.

Description

Signal transmission method, device, equipment, storage medium and chip Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a signal transmission method, apparatus, device, storage medium and chip. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, the demand for positioning based on mobile communication is also increasing.

[0003] In related technologies, zero-power devices are ideal for large-scale deployments and scenarios with special requirements due to their battery-free, maintenance-free, and low-cost features. However, current positioning solutions are not fully applicable to zero-power systems.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and chip. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission method, which is performed by a zero-power consumption device and includes:

[0007] Acquire a first resource; and actively send a positioning reference signal based on the first resource; the positioning reference signal is used by a positioning device receiving the positioning reference signal to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information.

[0008] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission method, which is performed by a positioning device and includes:

[0009] Receiving a positioning reference signal; the positioning reference signal is a signal sent by the zero-power device in an active sending manner based on the first resource;

[0010] Perform positioning-related measurements according to the positioning reference signal and obtain corresponding information.

[0011] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission device, the device comprising:

[0012] An acquisition module is used to acquire a first resource; a sending module is used to send a positioning reference signal by actively sending the first resource; the positioning reference signal is used by a positioning device that receives the positioning reference signal to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information.

[0013] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission device, the device comprising:

[0014] A receiving module is used to receive a positioning reference signal; the positioning reference signal is a signal sent by a zero-power device based on a first resource in an active sending manner; and a positioning module is used to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information based on the positioning reference signal.

[0015] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a positioning device, the positioning device including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver;

[0016] The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the terminal device to implement the signal transmission method executed by the positioning device.

[0017] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a zero-power tag device, which includes a processor, a memory and a transceiver; a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program so that the zero-power tag device implements the signal transmission method executed by the above-mentioned zero-power tag device.

[0018] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned signal transmission method.

[0019] On the other hand, the present application also provides a chip, which is used to run in a communication device so that the communication device executes the above-mentioned signal transmission method.

[0020] In another aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the communication device to perform the above-mentioned signal transmission method.

[0021] On the other hand, the present application provides a computer program, which is executed by a processor of a communication device to implement the above-mentioned signal transmission method.

[0022] An embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission scheme in which a zero-power device actively transmits a positioning reference signal to a positioning device based on a first resource acquired. In response, the positioning device receives the positioning reference signal and, based on the received positioning reference signal, performs positioning-related measurements and obtains relevant information. This scheme can determine the resources occupied by the zero-power device when transmitting the positioning reference signal to the positioning device, thereby effectively avoiding interference caused by multiple zero-power devices transmitting positioning reference signals on the same resource, thereby improving the positioning device's received measurement and positioning accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of zero-power communication provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of backscatter communication provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG4 is a circuit diagram of resistive load modulation provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a positioning solution provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG6 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG7 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG8 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of positioning provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG10 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of configuration information provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of configuration information provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG13 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG14 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG15 is a block diagram of a signal transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG16 is a block diagram of a signal transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The communication system includes a network device 110, a terminal device 120, and a zero-power tag device 130, which is not limited in the present application.

[0041] The network device 110 in the present application provides wireless communication functions, and the network device 110 includes but is not limited to: Evolved Node B (eNB), Radio Network Controller (RNC), Node B (NB), Base Station Controller (BSC), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Home Base Station (e.g., Home Evolved Node B, or Home Node B, HNB), Baseband Unit (BBU), Access Point (AP) in Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, Wireless Relay Node, Wireless Backhaul Node, Transmission Point (TP) or Transmission and Reception Point (TRP), etc., and can also be the Next Generation Node B (NGNB) in the 5th Generation (5G) mobile communication system. The term "gNB" refers to a base station (B, gNB) or a transmission point (TRP or TP), or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU) or a distributed unit (DU), or a base station in a Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) or a 6th Generation (6G) mobile communication system, or a core network (CN), fronthaul, backhaul, radio access network (RAN), network slicing, or a serving cell, primary cell (PCell), primary secondary cell (PSCell), special cell (SpCell), secondary cell (SCell), or neighboring cell of a terminal device.

[0042] The terminal device 120 in this application is also called user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, and user device. The terminals include, but are not limited to, handheld devices, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, and Internet of Things devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, e-book readers, laptop computers, desktop computers, televisions, game consoles, mobile Internet devices (MIDs), augmented reality (AR) terminals, virtual reality (VR) terminals, and mixed reality (MR) terminals, wearable devices, handles, electronic tags, controllers, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes (such as smart TVs, routers, smart speakers, etc.), wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loops (WLANs), and wireless terminals in smart cities. Loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDA), TV set-top boxes (STB), customer premises equipment (CPE), etc.

[0043] The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 communicate with each other via some air interface technology, such as a Uu interface.

[0044] Exemplarily, there are two communication scenarios between the network device 110 and the terminal device 120: an uplink communication scenario and a downlink communication scenario. Uplink communication refers to sending signals to the network device 110; downlink communication refers to sending signals to the terminal device 120.

[0045] The terminal device 120 and other terminal devices can communicate with each other through some air interface technology, such as a PC5 interface.

[0046] In some embodiments, there are two communication scenarios between the terminal device 120 and other terminal devices: a first sideline communication scenario and a second sideline communication scenario. The first sideline communication refers to sending signals to other terminal devices; the second sideline communication refers to sending signals to the terminal device 120.

[0047] The terminal device 120 and other terminal devices are all within the network coverage and located in the same cell, or the terminal device 120 and other terminal devices are all within the network coverage but located in different cells, or the terminal device 120 is within the network coverage but other terminal devices are outside the network coverage.

[0048] The zero-power tag device 130 is a zero-power device based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). A zero-power device is one that uses various ambient energies, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy. Such a device may have no energy storage capacity or may have very limited energy storage capacity (e.g., using a capacitor with a capacity of tens of uF).

[0049] In some embodiments, the zero-power devices may constitute an Ambient Power Enabled IoT (A-IoT), or Ambient IoT for short. The Ambient IoT devices may communicate directly with the network device 110 .

[0050] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, 5G mobile communication system, New Radio (NR) system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum) system. Unlicensed spectrum, NR-U) system, terrestrial communication network (Terrestrial Networks, TN) system, non-terrestrial communication network (Non-Terrestrial Networks, NTN) system, wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Networks, WLAN), wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, Wi-Fi), cellular Internet of Things system, cellular passive Internet of Things system, can also be applied to the subsequent evolution system of the 5G NR system, and can also be applied to B5G, 6G and subsequent evolution systems. In some embodiments of the present application, "NR" may also be referred to as a 5G NR system or a 5G system. Among them, the 5G mobile communication system may include non-standalone networking (NSA) and / or standalone networking (SA).

[0051] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to machine type communication (MTC), long term evolution technology for machine-to-machine communication (LTE-M), device-to-device (D2D) network, machine-to-machine (M2M) network, Internet of Things (IoT) network or other networks. Among them, the IoT network can include, for example, the Internet of Vehicles. Among them, the communication mode in the Internet of Vehicles system is collectively referred to as vehicle to other devices (Vehicle to X, V2X, X can represent anything), for example, the V2X can include: vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian communication (V2P) or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0052] 1. Communication based on zero-power devices

[0053] In recent years, the application of zero-power devices has become increasingly widespread. A typical zero-power device is radio frequency identification (RFID), a technology that uses spatial coupling of radio frequency signals to achieve contactless automatic transmission and identification of tag information. RFID tags are also known as "radio frequency tags" or "electronic tags." Based on their power supply method, electronic tags can be divided into active, passive, and semi-passive electronic tags.

[0054] Active tags, also known as active tags, are powered by batteries. The battery, memory, and antenna together form an active tag. Unlike passive RF activation, active tags transmit information over a set frequency band until the battery is replaced. Passive tags, also known as passive tags, do not have internal batteries. When a passive tag is close to a reader, within the near field of the reader's antenna, the tag's antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the tag's chip circuit. The chip circuit transmits the identification information stored in the tag to the reader via the tag's antenna. Semi-active tags inherit the advantages of passive tags: small size, light weight, low price, and long life. When not being accessed by a reader, the internal battery only powers a small portion of the chip's circuitry. Only when a reader is present does the battery power the RFID chip, extending the tag's read / write range and improving communication reliability.

[0055] RFID is a wireless communication technology. A basic RFID system consists of two parts: an electronic tag (TAG) and a reader / writer. The tag consists of a coupling component and a chip. Each tag has a unique electronic code and is placed on a target to mark it. The reader / writer not only reads the information on the tag, but also writes it, providing the tag with the energy it needs to communicate.

[0056] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of zero-power communication provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, after an electronic tag enters an electromagnetic field, it receives a radio frequency signal from a reader. A passive or passive electronic tag uses the energy generated by the electromagnetic field in space to transmit the information stored in the electronic tag. The reader reads and decodes the information, thereby identifying the electronic tag.

[0057] One of the key technologies of the zero-power communication system is backscattering communication. Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the backscattering communication principle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the zero-power device (the backscattering tag in Figure 3) receives the carrier signal sent by the backscattering reader and collects energy through the RF energy collection module; then it supplies power to the low-power processing module (the logic processing module in Figure 3), modulates the incoming signal, and performs backscattering. The main features are as follows:

[0058] 1) The terminal does not actively transmit signals, but realizes backscatter communication by modulating the incoming signal;

[0059] 2) The terminal does not rely on traditional active power amplifier transmitters and uses low-power computing units, greatly reducing hardware complexity;

[0060] 3) Combined with energy harvesting, battery-free communication can be achieved.

[0061] When a zero-power device performs backscatter communication, the frequency of the backscatter signal can be consistent with the incoming signal or offset. When a frequency offset occurs, the offset can be the same or different for each device. When a zero-power device performs backscatter communication, the backscatter signal can be triggered immediately upon receiving the incoming signal or after a certain time offset. When a time offset occurs, the time offset of the reflected signal from each device can be the same or different.

[0062] When a zero-power device performs backscatter communication, the spatial characteristics of the backscattered signal can be customized. For example, an antenna array can be used to achieve high antenna gain in one direction while reducing gain in other directions, thereby concentrating the signal power in a specific spatial direction. Zero-power devices can also perform information modulation, known as load modulation, when backscattering signals. Load modulation is a common method used by electronic tags to transmit data to readers. Load modulation achieves this by adjusting the electrical parameters of the electronic tag's oscillating circuit according to the data stream's rhythm, thereby changing the magnitude and phase of the electronic tag's impedance. Load modulation techniques primarily include resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation.

[0063] In resistive load modulation, a resistor is connected in parallel with the load, called the load modulation resistor. This resistor is switched on and off according to the clock of the data stream, and the on and off of switch S is controlled by binary data encoding. Figure 4 shows a circuit schematic diagram of resistive load modulation provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, in capacitive load modulation, a capacitor is connected in parallel with the load, replacing the load modulation resistor controlled by binary data encoding in Figure 4.

[0064] 2. Classification of Zero-Power Devices

[0065] 1) Based on the energy source and usage of zero-power devices, zero-power devices can be divided into the following types:

[0066] ① Passive zero-power device

[0067] Zero-power devices do not require built-in batteries. When a zero-power device approaches a network device (such as a reader / writer of an RFID system), the zero-power device is within the near field formed by the antenna radiation of the network device.

[0068] Therefore, the zero-power device antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, and the induced current drives the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device to realize the demodulation of the forward link signal (downlink, the link from the network device to the zero-power device) and the modulation of the backward link signal (uplink, the link from the zero-power device to the network device).

[0069] For backscatter links, zero-power devices use backscattering to transmit signals. As can be seen, passive zero-power devices do not require internal batteries to operate in either the forward or reverse links, making them truly zero-power devices.

[0070] Passive zero-power devices do not require batteries, and the RF circuit and baseband circuit are very simple. For example, there is no need for a low-noise amplifier (LNA), power amplifier (PA), crystal oscillator, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), etc. Therefore, they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0071] ②Semi-passive zero-power device

[0072] Semi-passive zero-power devices don't have conventional batteries themselves, but instead use RF energy harvesting modules to harvest radio wave energy, or solar, light, thermal, or kinetic energy harvesting modules to harvest energy. This harvested energy is then stored in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). This energy storage unit then drives the device's low-power chip circuits, enabling forward link signal demodulation and reverse link signal modulation.

[0073] For backscatter links, zero-power devices use backscattering to transmit signals. This indicates that semi-passive zero-power devices require no internal battery for either the forward or reverse link. While they utilize energy stored in capacitors, this energy is derived from radio energy harvested by the energy harvesting module, making them truly zero-power devices.

[0074] Semi-passive zero-power devices inherit many advantages of passive zero-power devices, so they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0075] ③ Active zero-power devices

[0076] In some scenarios, zero-power devices can also be active zero-power devices. These terminals can have built-in batteries (conventional batteries, such as dry cells or rechargeable lithium batteries). The batteries are used to drive the low-power chip circuits of the zero-power device, which perform tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating backward link signals. However, for backscatter links, the zero-power device uses backscattering to transmit signals.

[0077] Therefore, the zero-power nature of these terminals lies primarily in the fact that reverse link signal transmission requires no power from the terminal itself, instead utilizing backscattering. While these active zero-power devices utilize batteries, their ultra-low-power communication technology allows for very low power consumption, significantly extending battery life compared to existing technologies.

[0078] Active zero-power devices, with built-in batteries to power the RFID chip, increase the tag's read and write distance and improve communication reliability. Therefore, they are suitable for scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance and read latency.

[0079] 2) Classification of zero-power devices based on transmitter type:

[0080] As we all know, the business types of zero-power Internet of Things and other Internet of Things business types will also be mainly uplink business.

[0081] ① Zero-power devices based on backscattering

[0082] This type of zero-power device uses the backscatter method described above to send uplink data. This type of device does not have an active transmitter for active transmission, but only has a backscatter transmitter.

[0083] Therefore, when such terminals send data, network equipment is required to provide a carrier, and such terminal devices perform backscattering based on the carrier to achieve data transmission.

[0084] ②Zero-power devices based on active transmitters

[0085] This type of zero-power device uses an active transmitter with active transmission capabilities for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending data, this type of zero-power device can use its own active transmitter to send data without the need for network equipment to provide a carrier. Active transmitters suitable for zero-power devices can include ultra-low power amplitude shift keying (ASK) and ultra-low power frequency shift keying (FSK) transmitters. Based on current implementations, when transmitting a 100uW signal, the overall power consumption of this type of transmitter can be reduced to 400-600uW.

[0086] ③Zero-power devices with both backscatter and active transmitters

[0087] This type of terminal supports both backscatter and active transmitters. The terminal can determine which uplink signal transmission method to use: backscatter or active transmitter, based on various conditions (such as battery life and available ambient energy) or based on network device scheduling.

[0088] 3. Cellular Passive Internet of Things

[0089] Cellular IoT is booming. 3GPP has standardized IoT technologies such as NB-IoT, MTC, and RedCap. However, there are still many scenarios where IoT communication needs cannot be met using existing technologies. For example:

[0090] 1) Harsh communication environment

[0091] Certain IoT scenarios may encounter extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high voltage, high radiation, or high-speed movement. Examples include ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, environmental monitoring in high-altitude cold regions, and industrial production lines. In these scenarios, existing IoT terminals will not function due to the operating environment limitations of conventional power supplies. Furthermore, extreme operating environments are not conducive to IoT maintenance, such as battery replacement.

[0092] 2) Demand for extremely small terminal form factors

[0093] Certain IoT communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity distribution, and smart wearables, require terminals to be extremely small for ease of use. For example, IoT terminals used for commodity management in the distribution process often take the form of electronic tags, embedded in product packaging in a very compact form factor. Another example is lightweight wearable devices that can meet user needs while improving the user experience.

[0094] 3) Extremely low-cost IoT communication requirements

[0095] Many IoT communication scenarios require IoT terminals to be sufficiently affordable to enhance their competitiveness compared to alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing, to facilitate the management of large quantities of circulating items, IoT terminals can be attached to each item. Communication between the terminal and the logistics network enables precise management of the entire logistics process and lifecycle. These scenarios require IoT terminals to be competitively priced.

[0096] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet IoT communication needs, cellular networks also need to develop ultra-low-cost, extremely small-size, battery-free / maintenance-free IoT, and zero-power IoT can just meet this need.

[0097] During the standardization discussion process, zero-power IoT can also be called ambient power enabled IoT (Ambient IoT), and in some technical literature it is also called passive IoT.

[0098] Ambient IoT devices are those that use various environmental energies, such as radio frequency energy, light, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy, to power themselves. These devices can have no energy storage capacity or very limited energy storage capacity (e.g., using capacitors with a capacity of tens of microfarads). Compared to existing IoT devices, ambient IoT devices offer numerous advantages, including the absence of conventional batteries, maintenance-free operation, compact size, low complexity, low cost, and a long lifespan.

[0099] Based on the discussion of Ambient IoT application scenarios in 3GPP SA1, Ambient IoT can be used in at least the following scenarios:

[0100] Object recognition, such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management; environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of working and natural environments; positioning, such as indoor positioning, intelligent object search, and production line item positioning; intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperatures), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation and fertilization).

[0101] 4. Positioning Plan

[0102] In order to support various needs such as public safety services, emergency warnings, navigation and search, and asset management, wireless positioning technology has also attracted widespread attention and research. For example, multiple resource determination methods based on timing (TDOA arrival time difference, RTT round-trip time), angles (AOD / AOA horizontal arrival angle and vertical arrival angle), phase, etc. are used in systems based on WiFi, Bluetooth, 4G / 5G cellular communications, etc.

[0103] FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of a positioning solution provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0104] 1) Timing measurement calculates the distance between the positioning target and the reference node by measuring the arrival time or arrival time difference of the reference signal. The positioning target's position is calculated based on the distances to multiple reference nodes. A typical method, TDOA, is shown in Figure 5(a). The positioning target determines the corresponding hyperbolas based on the arrival time differences of the signals from multiple reference nodes. The intersection of these hyperbolas is the estimated position of the positioning target. This is a typical multilateration positioning problem. Currently, there are many classic algorithms, such as the Taylor expansion method and the Chan algorithm. The specific solution algorithm depends on the manufacturer's implementation.

[0105] 2) Angle measurement uses an antenna array to determine the signal's transmission / arrival angle, and then calculates the location of the target using the distance between it and multiple reference nodes. A typical method is based on the downlink angle of departure (DL-AoD). As shown in Figure 5(b), the distance between TRP i and the terminal is projected onto the x-axis and y-axis as the two perpendicular sides of a right triangle. Using trigonometric functions, we can derive their relationship to the downlink angle of departure θ. i The relationship is x i -x UE =(y i -y UE )×tanθ i Multiple TRPs can generate multiple constraint equations, and solving the equations can obtain the coordinates of the positioning target (x UE ,y UE ).

[0106] The accuracy of timing measurements depends on the bandwidth of the reference signal; a larger bandwidth increases accuracy. Angle measurements, on the other hand, depend on the antenna array layout; the more antennas, the more accurate the angle. However, the zero-power or extremely low-power requirements of electronic tags may not support sufficient signal bandwidth and antenna configurations. Therefore, research is needed to implement positioning within zero-power systems, especially for deployments of large numbers of zero-power tags.

[0107] As mentioned above, zero-power devices are battery-free, maintenance-free, and low-cost, making them ideal for large-scale deployments and scenarios with special needs, such as goods in logistics, animals in livestock farms, and key components in high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

[0108] However, current positioning schemes (based on time and angle measurements) require larger bandwidth and more complex antenna configurations, and are not fully suitable for zero-power systems; and if a large number of reference tags send positioning reference signals on the same resource at the same time, they will inevitably interfere with each other.

[0109] For example, with M signal sources and N reference tags, there could be up to M x N different signals. If there is a lot of interference, calculations and measurements at the receiver will be a major challenge, and the final positioning accuracy will also be affected.

[0110] Please refer to FIG6 , which shows a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method may be performed by a zero-power device, wherein the zero-power device may be the zero-power tag device 130 in the network architecture shown in FIG1 . The method may include the following steps:

[0111] Step 610: Acquire a first resource.

[0112] Step 620: Send a positioning reference signal in an active manner according to the first resource; the positioning reference signal is used by a positioning device receiving the positioning reference signal to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information.

[0113] In an embodiment of the present application, the zero-power consumption device may send a positioning reference signal to the positioning device in an active manner based on the acquired first resource.

[0114] The positioning reference signal is received by the positioning device and is used by the positioning device to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information.

[0115] That is, the first resource acquired by the zero-power consumption device is the resource used by the zero-power consumption device to send a positioning reference signal.

[0116] Among them, the first resource can be at least one of the following: time domain resources, frequency domain resources, space domain resources, and code domain resources.

[0117] When performing positioning, a large number of zero-power devices are usually deployed in the environment. If multiple zero-power devices send positioning reference signals on the same resources, signal interference is likely to occur, affecting the positioning effect.

[0118] In summary, in this embodiment of the present application, the zero-power device actively sends a positioning reference signal to the positioning device based on the acquired first resource. This solution can determine the resources used by multiple zero-power devices when sending positioning reference signals, thereby effectively avoiding interference caused by multiple zero-power devices actively sending positioning reference signals on the same resource, thereby improving the positioning device's received measurement and positioning accuracy.

[0119] Please refer to FIG7 , which shows a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method may be performed by a positioning device, wherein the positioning device may be the network device 110 or the terminal device 120 in the network architecture shown in FIG1 . The method may include the following steps:

[0120] Step 710: Receive a positioning reference signal.

[0121] The positioning reference signal is a signal sent by the zero-power device in an active sending manner based on the first resource.

[0122] Step 720: Perform positioning-related measurements based on the positioning reference signal and obtain corresponding information.

[0123] In an embodiment of the present application, the positioning device performs positioning-related measurements and obtains corresponding information based on the received positioning reference signal.

[0124] The positioning reference signal is a signal sent by the zero-power device to the positioning device in an active sending manner based on the first resource.

[0125] That is, the positioning reference signal received by the positioning device and used for positioning is a signal sent by the zero-power device to the positioning device based on the first resource. The first resource can be at least one of the following: time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and code domain resources.

[0126] In summary, in an embodiment of the present application, a positioning device receives a positioning reference signal sent by a zero-power device using a first resource through active transmission. Based on the received positioning reference signal, the positioning device performs positioning-related measurements and obtains corresponding information. In this solution, the positioning reference signal received by the positioning device can avoid interference with positioning reference signals sent by other zero-power devices, thereby improving the positioning device's received measurement and positioning accuracy.

[0127] Please refer to FIG8 , which shows a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method can be interactively executed by a positioning device and a zero-power device. The positioning device can be the network device 110 or the terminal device 120 in the network architecture shown in FIG1 , and the zero-power device can be the zero-power tag device 130 in the network architecture shown in FIG1 . The method can include the following steps:

[0128] Step 810: The zero-power consumption device obtains a first resource.

[0129] In an embodiment of the present application, a zero-power consumption device obtains a first resource for sending a positioning reference signal.

[0130] Among them, the first resource can be at least one of the following: time domain resources, frequency domain resources, space domain resources, and code domain resources.

[0131] Among them, since the zero-power device is relatively simple, the first resource is usually a time domain resource.

[0132] Step 820: The zero-power consumption device sends a positioning reference signal in an active sending manner according to the first resource.

[0133] Accordingly, the positioning device receives the positioning reference signal.

[0134] The positioning reference signal is used by a positioning device that receives the positioning reference signal to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information.

[0135] That is, the positioning reference signal is a signal sent by the zero-power device in an active sending manner based on the first resource.

[0136] In an embodiment of the present application, the zero-power consumption device sends a positioning reference signal to the positioning device according to the first resource, and the positioning device receives the corresponding positioning reference signal.

[0137] Step 830: The positioning device performs positioning-related measurements based on the positioning reference signal and obtains corresponding information.

[0138] In an embodiment of the present application, the positioning device performs positioning-related measurements based on the received positioning reference signal and obtains corresponding information.

[0139] Exemplarily, the positioning device locates the zero-power consumption device that sends the positioning reference signal based on the received positioning reference signal.

[0140] To obtain the location of a target node, positioning reference nodes can be set up at known locations. A target node can be a mobile phone, a zero-power electronic tag, or other nodes in the network. A reference node can be a base station in a cellular system, an access point in a Wi-Fi system, or a zero-power electronic tag.

[0141] For example, a zero-power electronic tag is a reference node. The tag collects and / or stores one or more ambient energies, such as radio frequency, light, solar energy, and thermal energy, and then actively transmits positioning reference signals. The positioning device uses a clustering algorithm to select reference tags that are closest to the target node based on the measurement results of the signals sent by different reference nodes, such as RSRP / RSSI / SINR / phase / LOS indication, timing, and angle. The target node's location is then determined based on the location information of the selected reference tags.

[0142] In positioning, the target node to be located usually needs to measure as many reference nodes as possible to obtain accurate location information.

[0143] If the reference nodes are base stations or access points, deploying a large number of them is very costly. However, if the reference nodes are electronic tags, mass deployment is possible. For example, a reference node could be fixed every 1m or even 0.5m. This offers low cost and high accuracy, while also addressing the shortcomings of existing positioning methods such as the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and cellular Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) in indoor scenarios.

[0144] The zero-power tag device can act as a reference node or a target node, and will actively send a reference signal, which will be measured by one or more signal source nodes / network nodes / receiving nodes / readers.

[0145] Among them, the signal source can be a base station, AP, or mobile phone and other devices, which are usually equipped with more advanced receivers. Compared with the A-IOT zero-power tag, the measurement results of the signal source are more accurate.

[0146] Among them, the signal sent by the zero-power tag device is a positioning reference signal, or a measurement signal, or a reference signal / sequence, etc. For the convenience of description, it is collectively referred to as a positioning reference signal in this application.

[0147] The measurement quantity may be one or more information such as RSRP / RSSI / SINR / phase / LOS indication, timing, angle, etc.

[0148] Each reference tag is fixed at a specific location: the location information can be in the form of global coordinates, such as latitude, longitude and altitude; it can also be in the form of local coordinates or relative coordinates, such as relative coordinates (x, y) and floors within a building.

[0149] Optionally, the location information is stored by the corresponding reference tag; it is also stored by the positioning network or a server on the network end, and the location information is associated with the reference tag's ID. If necessary during the positioning process, the node storing the reference tag can pass the required location information to a specific node (the node calculating the target position).

[0150] The reference signal sent by each reference tag #n reaches the signal source #m, for example RSRP(n,m);

[0151] Then, after each reference tag #n is measured by M = 4 signal sources, an RSRP vector of length M will be obtained; that is, RSRP(n) = [RSRP(n,1), RSRP(n,2), RSRP(n,3), RSRP(n,4)]; similarly, for the target node, the vector RSRP(target) = [RSRP(target,1), RSRP(target,2), RSRP(target,3), RSRP(target,4)] will also be obtained.

[0152] Among them, the RSRP here can be replaced by other measurement results mentioned above, such as phase phase(n) = [phase(n,1),phase(n,2),phase(n,3),phase(n,4)]; or a combination of multiple results. For example, each signal source #m will measure the signal strength and phase of the reference signal sent by reference tag #n, then a vector Metric(n) = [RSRP(target,1), RSRP(target,2), RSRP(target,3), RSRP(target,4), phase(n,1), phase(n,2), phase(n,3), phase(n,4)] with a length of M*2 will be formed.

[0153] There is no need to restrict the order in the vector, as long as each reference node and target node adopt the same structure.

[0154] For example, the RSRP and phase measured by the first signal source can be played first, and then the result of the second signal source can be played, that is, Metric(n) = [RSRP(target,1),phase(n,1),RSRP(target,2),phase(n,2),RSRP(target,3),phase(n,3),RSRP(target,4),phase(n,4)].

[0155] In the specific clustering algorithm, this application can focus on the following two directions:

[0156] (1) Clustering index: The above-mentioned measurement result vector, such as RSRP, can be directly used, or some variations of the measurement result vector can be used.

[0157] The first method is to eliminate some results that are too small. For example, if the metric length is 4, RSRP(target) = [RSRP(target,1), RSRP(target,2), RSRP(target,3), RSRP(target,4)]. The result of the third signal source, RSRP(target,3), is very small and can be removed first, leaving only the remaining three, that is, RSRP(target) = [RSRP(target,1), RSRP(target,2), RSRP(target,4)]. This prevents inaccurate elements from affecting the clustering and interpolation effects and reduces computational complexity.

[0158] The second method: Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, Chebyshev distance, etc. between the measurement results of the target node and the reference node.

[0159] Taking the Euclidean distance as an example, the Euclidean distance between the target node and the reference node #n is the modulus of the difference between the corresponding RSRP vectors, which can be expressed mathematically as follows:

[0160] The distance calculation can be combined with the first method, and each RSRP vector can first eliminate the results of some specific signal sources.

[0161] (2) Clustering algorithm: used to determine one or more reference nodes with similar measurement result characteristics to the target node. Some common algorithms include KNN, K-means, DBSCAN (density-based space), spectral clustering, etc.

[0162] Based on the clustering algorithm, K reference tags are selected from N reference tags. The target user's location can be interpolated based on the locations of the selected K reference tags. Here, interpolation weights need to be designed. One method for determining interpolation weights is to calculate them based on Euclidean distance:

[0163] Please refer to Figure 9, which shows a positioning diagram provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the target to be located (i.e., the target node) can be an ordinary mobile phone or an A-IOT device without a reference tag; the reference tag (i.e., the reference node) will be fixed at a specific location. Both the reference tag and the target to be located will send positioning reference signals, wherein the methods of sending positioning reference signals include active sending and backscattering.

[0164] The positioning reference signal is received and measured by one or more receivers (i.e., positioning devices). The target UE's measurement is compared with the measurement results of other reference tags, and a clustering algorithm is used to select the reference tag closest to the target UE to determine the target UE's location.

[0165] The example in FIG9 uses RSRP measurement as an example, but other measurement quantities are not excluded, such as RSSI, SINR, phase, phase difference, LOS indication (indicating whether it is an LOS path or the possibility of an LOS path), or time, angle and other information.

[0166] The receiver can receive a variety of different measurement quantities.

[0167] Among them, the location information of the reference tag can be directly carried in the modulation information it sends, for example, the location information (x, y) is encoded into a binary sequence in a specific way, and carried in the transmitted signal through OOK modulation; it can also be carried indirectly through other information such as ID. For example, when the network deploys reference tags, it will record the ID and location information (x, y) of each reference tag, thereby forming a one-to-one association table. In this way, it is only necessary to carry the ID information in the modulation information sent by the reference tag, and the network equipment can determine its corresponding location information based on the association table.

[0168] In some embodiments, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal is fixed power; or, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal is associated with a zero-power consumption device.

[0169] In the embodiments of the present application, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal transmitted by the zero-power device can be fixed or related to the zero-power device. For example, a zero-power tag using active transmission mode needs to use a fixed transmission power. For example, all tags use a transmission power of 0dBm.

[0170] An embodiment of the present application provides a scheme for determining the transmission power of a zero-power device when sending a positioning reference signal. The scheme can be a fixed power or determined by the zero-power device. This scheme can simplify the design work of sending a positioning reference signal through active transmission, thereby reducing the complexity of standardization.

[0171] In some embodiments, the method shown in FIG8 further includes: the zero-power consumption device reporting the transmit power of the positioning reference signal to the positioning device.

[0172] That is, the transmit power of the positioning reference signal is reported by the zero-power device to the positioning device.

[0173] In an embodiment of the present application, the zero-power consumption device may report the transmission power when sending the positioning reference signal to the positioning device.

[0174] For example, a zero-power tag device indicates its transmit power (e.g., as one of the user capabilities of the tag) to a reader / network device (e.g., LMF). Different zero-power tag devices may use different transmit powers, e.g., tag-1 has a transmit power of 0dB and tag-2 has a transmit power of 3dB.

[0175] When using the clustering method described in the above embodiment to determine the target location, it is necessary to adjust the transmit power of each tag. For example, if the transmit power of tag-2 is 3dB higher than that of tag-1, then 3dB needs to be subtracted from the RSRP / RSSI measurement result corresponding to tag-2 to align the transmit powers of different tags. The positioning device adjusts the RSRP / RSSI measurement results based on the different transmit power values.

[0176] The embodiment of the present application provides a solution for a zero-power device to report transmit power to a positioning device, so that the positioning device can adjust positioning-related measurement results according to different transmit powers, thereby improving measurement accuracy and positioning precision.

[0177] In some embodiments, the method shown in FIG8 further includes: the zero-power device reporting the sending mode of the positioning reference signal to the positioning device.

[0178] That is to say, the positioning reference signal is sent by the zero-power device to the positioning device.

[0179] In an embodiment of the present application, the zero-power consumption device may report the transmission power when sending the positioning reference signal to the positioning device, including active transmission mode and backscattering mode.

[0180] For example, the zero-power tag indicates its transmission mode (directional scattering or active transmission) to the reader / network device (such as LMF):

[0181] (1) If the active transmission mode is selected, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal can also be indicated;

[0182] (2) If it is a backscattering mode, the parameters related to its backscattering loss can also be indicated.

[0183] For example, a 10dB signal is incident on a zero-power tag, and after backscattering there will be a 3dB power loss, and the backscattered signal is only 7dB.

[0184] The positioning device can adjust the RSRP / RSSI measurement results according to the transmission type of the zero-power tag.

[0185] For example, if tag-1 actively transmits at 0dB, and tag-2 reflects and scatters the 20dBm source signal, the backscatter loss is α = 3dB. Therefore, the path loss of tag-1's active transmission is calculated by subtracting the measured RSRP1 from tag-1's transmit power: Pathloss1 = 0 - RSRP1. Correspondingly, the path loss of tag-2 is 20 - RSRP2 - α. Due to the backscatter process, the signal actually undergoes a two-way path loss from the source to the measurement: Pathloss2 = 20 - RSRP2 - α - 3.

[0186] The embodiment of the present application provides a solution for a zero-power device to report a transmission mode to a positioning device, so that the positioning device can adjust positioning-related measurement results according to different transmission modes, thereby improving measurement accuracy and positioning precision.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first resource has specific time domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific frequency domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific spatial domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific code domain characteristics.

[0188] In this embodiment of the present application, the first resource may have at least one of the following characteristics:

[0189] Specific time domain features, specific frequency domain features, specific spatial domain features, and specific code domain features.

[0190] That is to say, the first resource may be at least one of the following: time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and code domain resources.

[0191] Exemplarily, the first resource may be a symbol, time slot, frame or other resource having specific time domain characteristics.

[0192] Exemplarily, the first resource may be a frequency point, subcarrier or other resource having specific frequency domain characteristics.

[0193] Exemplarily, the first resource may be a resource having specific airspace characteristics, etc.

[0194] Exemplarily, the first resource may be a resource having specific code domain characteristics and the like.

[0195] The embodiment of the present application provides a solution for the characteristic type of a first resource, provides multiple feasible options for determining the type of the first resource, improves the flexibility of the present application, and can provide more room for further expansion in the future.

[0196] In some embodiments, the first resource is part or all of the time domain resources within the time window; and / or, the first resource is the time domain resource within the time window that meets the first preset rule.

[0197] In an embodiment of the present application, the first resource has a specific time domain characteristic. The first resource may be part or all of the time domain resources within the time window; or the time domain resources within the time window that satisfy the first preset rule; or part or all of the time domain resources within the time window that satisfy the first preset rule.

[0198] For example: the first resource can be all / part of the time domain resources contained in the time window W, or the first resource can be a resource within a symbol / time slot that meets a certain feature such as a symbol / time slot number (egmod(slot_index,10)=0, or the first resource can be a time domain resource within a time domain window W that appears with a period of T).

[0199] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution in which the first resource has specific time domain characteristics. Determining the first resource through a time window can simplify the working difficulty of the method and reduce the design workload.

[0200] In some embodiments, the time window is a time domain resource that appears in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is L consecutive time units after the zero-power consumption device receives the trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

[0201] In an embodiment of the present application, the time window appears in the time domain with a regular period of T; or a number of consecutive time units after the zero-power consumption device receives the trigger signal are determined as the time window.

[0202] The trigger signal may be a synchronization signal, beacon, paging or other signal sent by the base station or UE to the A-IOT device.

[0203] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining the time window, which can reduce the complexity of standardization.

[0204] In some embodiments, the first preset rule is associated with an index of the time unit.

[0205] In the embodiment of the present application, the first preset rule is related to the index of the time unit.

[0206] That is, the first preset rule may be determined by the index of the time unit.

[0207] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining the first preset rule by the index of the time unit. By utilizing the existing index of the time unit, the design work of the first preset rule can be simplified.

[0208] In some embodiments, the time unit is one of: a time slot, a symbol, a subframe, a frame.

[0209] In an embodiment of the present application, a time unit is a combination of one or more of a time slot, a symbol, a subframe, and a frame.

[0210] The embodiment of the present application provides a specific type of time unit to further optimize the feasibility of the technical solution of the present application.

[0211] In some embodiments, the first resource is at least one frequency domain resource or at least one frequency domain resource combination; or, the first resource is a frequency domain resource having at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a frequency domain resource that satisfies a second preset rule.

[0212] In an embodiment of the present application, the first resource has specific frequency domain characteristics.

[0213] The first resource may be at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one frequency domain resource combination.

[0214] The first resource may also be a frequency domain resource having a certain frequency shift from the frequency point of the trigger signal.

[0215] The first resource may also be a frequency domain resource that meets a set second preset rule.

[0216] Exemplarily, the first resource is a frequency combination {f1=2505MHz, f2=2408MHz}, or a combination of frequency offsets relative to the trigger signal {fd1=0MHz, f2=3MHz}, or a subcarrier number that satisfies a certain feature (eg, subcarrier index=12*n+i).

[0217] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution in which the first resource has specific frequency domain characteristics. Determining the first resource through the frequency domain resource can simplify the working difficulty of the method and reduce the design workload.

[0218] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency points; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subcarriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two carriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subbands; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency bands.

[0219] In this embodiment of the present application, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least the following:

[0220] Two frequency points, two subcarriers, two carriers, two subbands, two frequency bands, etc.

[0221] The embodiment of the present application provides a specific type of frequency domain resources to further optimize the feasibility of the technical solution of the present application.

[0222] In some embodiments, the second preset rule is associated with an index of a frequency unit; or, the second preset rule is associated with a frequency domain offset relative to a target frequency unit of the trigger signal.

[0223] In an embodiment of the present application, the second preset rule is related to the index of the frequency unit or the frequency domain offset of the target frequency unit relative to the trigger signal. In other words, the second preset rule can be determined by the index of the frequency unit; or by the frequency domain offset of the target frequency unit relative to the trigger signal.

[0224] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining the second preset rule by a frequency unit, and utilizes the existing frequency unit to simplify the design work of the second preset rule.

[0225] In some embodiments, the frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

[0226] In the embodiment of the present application, the frequency unit is one or more combinations of frequency points, subcarriers, carriers, subbands, and frequency bands.

[0227] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining frequency units, which can reduce the complexity of standardization.

[0228] In some embodiments, the first resource is at least one direction, or at least one direction combination, the direction combination including at least two direction angles; or, the first resource is a direction having at least one angular offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a direction of a QCL that is quasi-co-located with the direction of the trigger signal.

[0229] In an embodiment of the present application, the first resource has specific spatial characteristics. The first resource can be one or more directions, or a combination of one or more directions. The first resource can also be a direction that is angularly offset from the direction of the trigger signal. The first resource can also be a direction of a quasi-co-located QCL with the direction of the trigger signal. The direction combination includes at least two direction angles.

[0230] Exemplarily, the direction angle of the first resource is {a1=0°, a2=90°, a3=180°, a4=270°}; or it is an angle combination {ad1=0°, ad2=90°} offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal, or a direction that is quasi-co-located (QCL) with the direction of the trigger signal.

[0231] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasibility solution in which the first resource has specific airspace characteristics. The first resource is determined by direction information, which can simplify the working difficulty of the method and reduce the design workload.

[0232] In some embodiments, the first resource is at least one sequence, or at least one combination of sequences;

[0233] The sequence combination includes at least two sequences, and at least two sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0234] In an embodiment of the present application, the first resource has a specific code domain characteristic. The first resource can be one or more sequences; or one or more sequence combinations consisting of at least two sequences; wherein at least two sequences are orthogonal; or at least two sequences are quasi-orthogonal.

[0235] For example, the sequence [1 1 1 1] and the sequence [1 -1 1 -1] are orthogonal.

[0236] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for a first resource having specific code domain characteristics. The first resource is determined by sequence combination, which can simplify the working difficulty of the method and reduce the design workload.

[0237] Please refer to Figure 10, which shows a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10, step 810 shown in Figure 8 above can be implemented as step 810a and step 810b.

[0238] Step 810a, the zero-power device obtains resource information;

[0239] Step 810b: The zero-power consumption device obtains the first resource according to the resource information.

[0240] That is, the first resource is determined by the resource information.

[0241] In an embodiment of the present application, the zero-power consumption device may determine the first resource based on the acquired resource information.

[0242] The resource information may be one or more of time domain resource information, frequency domain resource information, space domain resource information, and code domain resource information.

[0243] An embodiment of the present application provides a scheme for acquiring a first resource, wherein a zero-power device acquires the first resource based on resource information, and then actively sends a positioning reference signal to a positioning device based on the first resource. This scheme can determine the resource used by the zero-power device when sending the positioning reference signal based on the resource information, and can effectively avoid interference caused by multiple zero-power devices sending positioning reference signals on the same resource.

[0244] In some embodiments, resource information is obtained by the zero-power device through random selection; and / or, resource information is obtained by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; and / or, resource information is obtained by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

[0245] In an embodiment of the present application, resource information can be randomly selected by the zero-power device, or selected by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device, or selected by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device; or it can be a combination of the above-mentioned methods.

[0246] The embodiment of the present application provides a resource information selection scheme, which provides multiple ways for zero-power devices to obtain resource information, improves the flexibility of the resource information selection method, reduces the design workload, and can provide more space for further expansion in the future.

[0247] In some embodiments, the resource information includes at least one of the following:

[0248] Time domain resource information, frequency domain resource information, spatial domain resource information and code domain resource information.

[0249] That is to say, the resource information may include any one of time domain resource information, frequency domain resource information, spatial domain resource information and code domain resource information, or any combination of time domain resource information, frequency domain resource information, spatial domain resource information and code domain resource information.

[0250] Exemplarily, the resource information is determined by a combination of time domain resource information and frequency domain resource information; or, is determined by a combination of time domain resource information and space domain resource information; or, is determined by a combination of time domain resource information and code domain resource information.

[0251] In the embodiment of the present application, the resource information includes one or more of the following combinations:

[0252] 1) Time domain resource information: This may refer to one or more symbols, slots, frames, subframes, etc.

[0253] 2) Frequency domain resource information: This may refer to one or more frequencies (e.g., the frequency corresponding to the absolute 2405.5 MHz), subbands, subcarriers (e.g., subcarriers in an OFDM system), carriers, bands, etc.

[0254] 3) Airspace resource information: can refer to one or more airspace directions;

[0255] For example, for multiple zero-power devices that can control the direction of signals, spatial resource information can be directed in different directions to actively send or backscatter signals.

[0256] 4) Code domain resource information: This allows different zero-power devices to load different orthogonal code sequences during active transmission or backscattering of reference signals.

[0257] Please refer to FIG11 , which shows a schematic diagram of configuration information provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0258] Please refer to FIG12 , which shows a schematic diagram of configuration information provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0259] For example, the embodiments of the present application may provide the following configuration information of orthogonal positioning resources:

[0260] (1) Determine orthogonal resources in the time domain and frequency domain:

[0261] Assume that the location resource pool is pre-configured, as shown in Figure 11:

[0262] A) The time domain configuration information is a window W with a period of T. The window W contains L = 4 slots and its starting offset is k;

[0263] B) The frequency domain configuration information is that the frequency offset relative to the incoming signal is {fd1 = 0 MHz, fd2 = 3 MHz};

[0264] The frequency domain information may need to be determined in combination with the characteristics of the spectrum, local spectrum regulations, and the characteristics of zero-power devices.

[0265] C) Then it can be determined that the total positioning resources in each period T is Ntotal=2L.

[0266] The reference tag and / or target A-IOT device will collect and store environmental energy in advance, and actively send a positioning reference signal at the moment of the selected positioning resource.

[0267] For example, Tag 1 selects resource B at time k+1 on frequency fd1 (the second of the four time slots in Figure 11) as the resource for backscattering the positioning reference signal. It can start receiving the energy signal at time k-1, store some energy, and then send the positioning reference signal at time k+1.

[0268] (2) Determine orthogonal resources in the time domain and space domain:

[0269] Assume that the time domain configuration information satisfies the slot number mod(slot_index,10)=0 and is the L consecutive time slots that meet this condition after (slot#n) selected / configured by the zero-power device (resources before slot#n and after slot n+L*10 are not counted); and the spatial domain resource is to send positioning reference signals in turn in X different directions;

[0270] Then the total spatiotemporal orthogonal resources can be determined to be Ntotal=L*X.

[0271] As shown in FIG12 , the reference tag and the target to be located will send power supply signals or positioning reference signals in X=2 different directions, and the cross interference between different directions is small.

[0272] On the one hand, given the simplicity of A-IoT devices, using active transmission may not support narrow transmit beams, resulting in poor spatial multiplexing. On the other hand, the target device's placement angle and posture in space are highly random; sometimes the two beams may be aligned east-west, sometimes north-south. These different placement angles and postures can significantly impact positioning results.

[0273] (3) Time domain + code domain to determine orthogonal resources:

[0274] Assume that the time domain configuration information is all time slot resources within a window W of length L time slots, where the starting position of window W can be k time slots (i.e., slot#n+k) after the zero-power device receives the positioning reference signal (slot#n) sent by the signal source; and the code domain resources are Y different orthogonal sequences;

[0275] Then the total spatiotemporal orthogonal resources can be determined to be Ntotal=L*Y.

[0276] The embodiment of the present application provides a solution for indicating resource information, providing a variety of reference resource information for resource information, which can meet the various requirements of zero-power devices for occupying resources when sending positioning reference signals, and provide optimization space for the resources occupied by zero-power devices when sending positioning reference signals.

[0277] Please refer to Figure 13, which shows a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 13, step 810 shown in Figure 8 above can be implemented as step 810-1 and step 810-2.

[0278] Step 810 - 1 : The zero-power consumption device determines a positioning resource set, where the positioning resource set includes one or more second resources.

[0279] Step 810 - 2 : The zero-power device determines a first resource from the positioning resource set.

[0280] That is, the first resource is determined by a positioning resource set, and the positioning resource set includes one or more second resources.

[0281] In an embodiment of the present application, the zero-power consumption device determines a positioning resource set including one or more second resources, and then determines a first resource used when sending a positioning reference signal from the determined positioning resource set.

[0282] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining the first resource by locating a resource set, which can simplify the related design work of zero-power devices and reduce the complexity of standardization.

[0283] In some embodiments, the second resource has specific time domain characteristics; or, the second resource has specific frequency domain characteristics; or, the second resource has specific spatial domain characteristics; or, the second resource has specific code domain characteristics.

[0284] In this embodiment of the present application, the second resource may have at least one of the following characteristics:

[0285] Specific time domain features, specific frequency domain features, specific spatial domain features, and specific code domain features.

[0286] That is to say, the second resource can be at least one of the following: time domain resources, frequency domain resources, space domain resources, and code domain resources.

[0287] Exemplarily, the second resource may be a symbol, time slot, frame or other resource having specific time domain characteristics.

[0288] Exemplarily, the second resource may be a frequency point, subcarrier or other resource having specific frequency domain characteristics.

[0289] Exemplarily, the second resource may be a resource having specific airspace characteristics, etc.

[0290] Exemplarily, the second resource may be a resource having specific code domain characteristics or the like.

[0291] The embodiment of the present application provides a solution for the characteristic type of a second resource, provides multiple feasible options for determining the type of the second resource, improves the flexibility of the present application, and can provide more space for further expansion in the future.

[0292] In some embodiments, the second resource is part or all of the time domain resources within the time window; and / or, the second resource is the time domain resource within the time window that meets a third preset rule.

[0293] In an embodiment of the present application, the second resource has a specific time domain characteristic. The second resource can be part or all of the time domain resources within the time window; or the time domain resources within the time window that meet the third preset rule; or part or all of the time domain resources within the time window that meet the third preset rule.

[0294] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution in which the second resource has specific time domain characteristics. Determining the second resource through a time window can simplify the working difficulty of the method and reduce the design workload.

[0295] In some embodiments, the time window is a time domain resource that appears in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is L consecutive time units after the zero-power consumption device receives the trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

[0296] In an embodiment of the present application, the time window appears in the time domain with a regular period of T; or a number of consecutive time units after the zero-power consumption device receives the trigger signal are determined as the time window.

[0297] The trigger signal may be a synchronization signal, beacon, paging or other signal sent by the base station or UE to the A-IOT device.

[0298] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining the time window, which can reduce the complexity of standardization.

[0299] In some embodiments, the third preset rule is associated with an index of the time unit.

[0300] In the embodiment of the present application, the third preset rule is related to the index of the time unit.

[0301] That is, the third preset rule may be determined by the index of the time unit.

[0302] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining the third preset rule by the index of the time unit. By utilizing the existing index of the time unit, the design work of the third preset rule can be simplified.

[0303] In some embodiments, the time unit is one of: a time slot, a symbol, a subframe, a frame.

[0304] In an embodiment of the present application, a time unit is a combination of one or more of a time slot, a symbol, a subframe, and a frame.

[0305] The embodiment of the present application provides a specific type of time unit to further optimize the feasibility of the technical solution of the present application.

[0306] In some embodiments, the second resource is at least one frequency domain resource or at least one frequency domain resource combination; or, the second resource is a frequency domain resource having at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a frequency domain resource that satisfies a fourth preset rule.

[0307] In an embodiment of the present application, the second resource has specific frequency domain characteristics.

[0308] The second resource may be at least one frequency domain resource, or at least one frequency domain resource combination.

[0309] The second resource may also be a frequency domain resource having a certain frequency shift from the frequency point of the trigger signal.

[0310] The second resource may also be a frequency domain resource that satisfies a set fourth preset rule.

[0311] Exemplarily, the second resource is a frequency combination {f1=2505MHz, f2=2408MHz}, or a combination of frequency offsets relative to the trigger signal {fd1=0MHz, f2=3MHz}, or a subcarrier number that satisfies a certain feature (eg, subcarrier index=12*n+i).

[0312] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution in which the second resource has specific frequency domain characteristics. Determining the second resource through the frequency domain resource can simplify the working difficulty of the method and reduce the design workload.

[0313] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency points; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subcarriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two carriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subbands; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency bands.

[0314] In this embodiment of the present application, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least the following:

[0315] Two frequency points, two subcarriers, two carriers, two subbands, two frequency bands, etc.

[0316] The embodiment of the present application provides a specific type of frequency domain resources to further optimize the feasibility of the technical solution of the present application.

[0317] In some embodiments, the fourth preset rule is associated with an index of a frequency unit; or the fourth preset rule is associated with a frequency domain offset relative to a target frequency unit of the trigger signal.

[0318] In an embodiment of the present application, the fourth preset rule is related to the index of the frequency unit or the frequency domain offset relative to the target frequency unit of the trigger signal. In other words, the fourth preset rule can be determined by the index of the frequency unit; or by the frequency domain offset relative to the target frequency unit of the trigger signal.

[0319] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining the fourth preset rule by a frequency unit, and utilizes the existing frequency unit to simplify the design work of the fourth preset rule.

[0320] In some embodiments, the frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

[0321] In the embodiment of the present application, the frequency unit is one or more combinations of frequency points, subcarriers, carriers, subbands, and frequency bands.

[0322] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining frequency units, which can reduce the complexity of standardization.

[0323] In some embodiments, the second resource is one or more direction combinations consisting of at least two direction angles; or, the second resource is a direction having at least one angular offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a direction of a quasi-co-located QCL with the direction of the trigger signal.

[0324] In the embodiments of the present application, the second resource has specific spatial characteristics. The second resource can be one or more direction combinations consisting of at least two directional angles. The second resource can also be a direction that is angularly offset from the direction of the trigger signal. The second resource can also be in the direction of a quasi-co-located QCL with the direction of the trigger signal.

[0325] Exemplarily, the direction angle of the second resource is {a1=0°, a2=90°, a3=180°, a4=270°}; or it is an angle combination {ad1=0°, ad2=90°} offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal, or a direction that is quasi-co-located (QCL) with the direction of the trigger signal.

[0326] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for a second resource having specific airspace characteristics. The second resource is determined by direction information, which can simplify the working difficulty of the method and reduce the design workload.

[0327] In some embodiments, the second resource is one or more sequence combinations consisting of at least two sequences;

[0328] Wherein, at least two sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0329] In the embodiment of the present application, the second resource has a specific code domain characteristic. The second resource is one or more sequence combinations consisting of at least two sequences, wherein at least two of the sequences are orthogonal, or at least two of the sequences are quasi-orthogonal.

[0330] For example, the sequence [1 1 1 1] and the sequence [1 -1 1 -1] are orthogonal.

[0331] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for a second resource having specific code domain characteristics. The second resource is determined by sequence combination, which can simplify the working difficulty of the method and reduce the design workload.

[0332] In some embodiments, all or part of the positioning resource set is randomly selected by the zero-power device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

[0333] In an embodiment of the present application, the positioning resource set can be randomly selected by the zero-power device; it can also be selected by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; it can also be selected by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device; or the positioning resource set can be selected by a combination of the above methods.

[0334] Exemplarily, the zero-power consumption device may select one or more second resources from the positioning resource set based on the following method as resources occupied by the zero-power consumption device when sending the positioning signal in an active sending manner.

[0335] (1) Random selection: For example, the randomness may be based on uniform distribution.

[0336] (2) The selection is made based on the ID information of the zero-power device itself. Optionally, all or part of the ID bits may be used.

[0337] (3) Select through the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device:

[0338] Assuming that before positioning, the positioning device has established a connection with the surrounding zero-power device Tags, it can maximize the use of resources.

[0339] This signaling can explicitly configure the time, frequency, space, and code domain resource configuration information used by the zero-power device for resource determination. This solution eliminates the need to first determine a total resource set and then select from it. Instead, it can directly determine the resource configuration information indicated by the signaling, making it suitable for situations where there are relatively few zero-power devices.

[0340] The signaling can configure a set of resource sets so that the zero-power device can select a resource from them using random selection or ID-based methods. In this case, the positioning device can simultaneously configure the same resource set to multiple zero-power devices through broadcast or multicast, and avoid some conflicts through the zero-power device's own selection. This can avoid excessive signaling interactions and is suitable for situations where there are many zero-power devices.

[0341] Furthermore, the positioning device may group the zero-power devices when multicasting resource set configuration information.

[0342] For example, zero-power device group 1 uses resource set 1, and zero-power device group 2 uses resource set 2. This resolves conflicts between groups through positioning device configuration, and resolves conflicts within a group through the selection of zero-power devices. The signaling can be an ID (for selecting positioning resources), and the zero-power device can select a resource from the total positioning resource set based on the positioning ID information.

[0343] (4) Or a combination of the above three methods:

[0344] For example, a resource subset is first determined by the ID of the zero-power device, and then one is randomly selected from the resource subset as the first resource for sending the positioning reference signal;

[0345] For another example, a time domain resource information is determined through signaling configuration, and then a frequency domain resource information is selected according to the ID information;

[0346] For another example, the time domain resource information is determined by the ID of the zero-power device, and then the spatial domain resource information is determined according to specific rules.

[0347] The zero-power device and the first resource may be in one of the following ways:

[0348] One-to-one correspondence: each tag corresponds to one resource;

[0349] One-to-many: Each tag corresponds to multiple resources;

[0350] Many-to-one: Multiple tags correspond to one resource.

[0351] For example, some zero-power devices are far apart and generally not used at the same time. In this case, they can share the same resources.

[0352] The embodiments of the present application provide a feasible solution for selecting a positioning resource set, provide multiple ways for the resources used by zero-power devices to send positioning reference signals, improve the flexibility of the selection method of the positioning resource set, reduce the design workload, and provide more space for further expansion in the future.

[0353] Please refer to Figure 14, which shows a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 14, step 810-1 shown in Figure 13 above can be implemented as step 810-1a.

[0354] In step 810 - 1 a , the zero-power device determines a resource set from multiple resource sets as a positioning resource set.

[0355] In other words, a positioning resource collection is a resource collection among multiple resource collections.

[0356] In the embodiment of the present application, the resource set refers to an optional total resource pool.

[0357] The zero-power consumption device selects a resource set from multiple existing resource sets as a positioning resource set for determining the first resource.

[0358] An embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for determining a positioning resource set, selecting one of multiple resource sets as the first resource used by a zero-power device to send a positioning reference signal; this solution determines the first resource based on an existing resource set, which can reduce the design workload and simplify the workflow.

[0359] In some embodiments, the resource set is predefined; or, the resource set is protocol-defined; or, the resource set is received by the zero-power tag device; or, the resource set is preconfigured by the positioning device to the zero-power tag device.

[0360] In an embodiment of the present application, the resource set may be predefined, protocol-defined, received by a zero-power tag device, or preconfigured by a positioning device for the zero-power tag device.

[0361] Among them, in order to simplify the zero-power tag signaling structure, the resource set is usually predefined or protocol-defined.

[0362] Exemplarily, the resource set may be predefined, agreed upon by a protocol, or determined by a control node in the positioning system before positioning and delivered to each zero-power device.

[0363] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for selecting a resource set. By using the existing method to select a resource set, the solution design work can be simplified and the standardization complexity can be reduced.

[0364] In some embodiments, all or part of the first resource is randomly selected by the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

[0365] In an embodiment of the present application, the first resource can be randomly selected by the zero-power device, or selected by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device, or selected by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device; or it can be a combination of the above-mentioned methods.

[0366] Exemplarily, the specific method for selecting the first resource includes:

[0367] (1) Random selection: It is necessary to first select the time domain, frequency domain, space domain, and code domain resource set used by the positioning signal based on pre-configuration or network positioning / control node configuration, and then each zero-power device selects the resource to be used from the resource set;

[0368] (2) Select according to specific rules based on the ID information of the zero-power device;

[0369] (3) Determine the resources used by the zero-power device based on the configuration information of the network positioning / control node;

[0370] (4) A combination of the above methods.

[0371] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for selecting the first resource, provides multiple methods for the resources used when the zero-power device sends the positioning reference signal, improves the flexibility of the selection method of the first resource, reduces the design workload, and can provide more space for further expansion in the future.

[0372] For example, within the total set of positioning resources, each zero-power device can only select one or more resources for backscattering positioning reference signals, thereby avoiding significant interference between multiple zero-power devices in scenarios where there are multiple zero-power devices. The number of resources selected by a zero-power device should be limited to a small number, otherwise the zero-power device may need to transmit positioning reference signals on multiple resources, resulting in significant power consumption.

[0373] The present application provides the following methods for selecting orthogonal resources:

[0374] (1) Random selection:

[0375] Assuming that the total orthogonal resource set is all time slots in window W, that is, the total number of orthogonal time domain resources is Ntotal = L time slots, then each zero-power device will randomly select one of the Ntotal time slots in a uniformly distributed manner as the time slot resource for sending the positioning reference signal.

[0376] (2) Select based on the ID information of the zero-power device itself:

[0377] a) Assuming that the ID occupies 10 bits, the total resource set is determined according to the time domain orthogonal resource method, and the total number of orthogonal time domain resources is determined to be Ntotal = L time slots. Then, the time slot resource numbered IDmsb_N is selected based on the first N bits of the ID information, where IDmsb_N represents the value represented by the first N bits in the ID information;

[0378] For example: ID = 10011 01101, the first N = 5 bits 10011 corresponds to the decimal number 32 + 2 + 1 = 35, then IDmsb_5 = 35S; then based on the first 5 bits of the ID information, the time slot resource numbered 35 can be selected;

[0379] b) Assuming that the ID occupies 10 bits, the total resource set is determined by using the time domain + frequency domain orthogonal resources method, and the total number of orthogonal time-frequency resources is determined to be Ntotal = 2L; then, based on the ID information, the time slot resource numbered mod(ID, Ntotal) can be selected;

[0380] c) Assuming the ID occupies 10 bits, the total resource set is determined according to the time domain + code domain orthogonal resource method, determining L time slots and Y code domain resources; then the first N1 bits of the ID information are used to select L time slots, and the last N2 bits of the ID information are used to select Y code domain resources.

[0381] (3) Determine orthogonal resources based on signaling configuration:

[0382] Before positioning begins, the network control node or function signal will first establish a connection with the zero-power devices in the environment and allocate a dedicated positioning resource configuration to each zero-power device;

[0383] a) Explicitly configured resource information: This signaling may include information such as the time domain slot numbering characteristics, the frequency domain offset value, or the orthogonal sequence number used;

[0384] b) Implicit configuration resource information: This signaling contains a resource number N_config;

[0385] Similar to the above solutions (1) and (2), the total resource set Ntotal can be determined by pre-configuration, and the resources numbered N_config or satisfying mod(N_config, Ntotal) are based on the resources indicated by the signaling.

[0386] (4) Determine a portion of resources based on ID information:

[0387] Assuming that the ID occupies 10 bits, the total resource set is determined in the form of time domain + spatial domain orthogonal resources, and L time slots and X spatial domain orthogonal resources are determined according to Example 1; then the zero-power device can determine its selected time slot resource numbered mod(ID, Ntotal) based on the ID information, and determine the spatial domain resource scattered in its direction according to the direction of the incoming signal.

[0388] The technical solution of this application provides a method for positioning based on the active transmission of reference signals by zero-power devices, especially a method for determining and selecting the resources used when sending reference signals. When positioning, there are usually many zero-power devices deployed in the environment. The time domain, frequency domain, spatial domain, and code domain resources used by each zero-power device can be determined, thereby effectively avoiding the interference of multiple zero-power devices sending reference signals on the same resources, which has a significant effect on the accuracy of received measurements and positioning. The specific selection method mainly includes:

[0389] 1. Random selection requires first selecting the time domain, frequency domain, spatial domain, and code domain resource sets used by the positioning signal based on pre-configuration or configuration of the network positioning / control node. Each zero-power device then selects the resources to use from the resource set.

[0390] 2. Select according to specific rules based on the ID information of the zero-power device;

[0391] 3. Determine the resources used by the zero-power device based on the configuration information of the network positioning / control node;

[0392] 4. Or a combination of the above methods.

[0393] The above embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining the time domain, frequency domain, spatial domain, and code domain resources for each zero-power device to actively send or backscatter a positioning reference signal in a positioning scenario of a zero-power device, thereby effectively avoiding interference caused by multiple zero-power devices sending signals at the same time on the same resources, and having a significant effect on improving the reception measurement and positioning accuracy.

[0394] In summary, this application can be used to determine the resource location occupied by the reference tag in the zero-power positioning system through the positioning reference signal actively sent. Among them, this application is not limited to the positioning scenario where the zero-power device is used as the reference tag. It can also be used in ordinary positioning scenarios. The target device is replaced with a zero-power device. In this case, the zero-power device only needs to actively send the reference signal, and the measurement of time / angle and other processes are handed over to the base station or AP.

[0395] Please refer to Figure 15, which shows a block diagram of a signal transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The signal transmission device has the function of implementing the method shown in Figures 6, 8, 13 or 14 above, which is performed by a zero-power device. As shown in Figure 15, the device may include:

[0396] Acquisition module 1501, configured to acquire a first resource;

[0397] The sending module 1502 is configured to send a positioning reference signal in an active sending manner according to the first resource; the positioning reference signal is used by a positioning device receiving the positioning reference signal to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information.

[0398] In some embodiments, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal is fixed power; or, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal is associated with a zero-power consumption device.

[0399] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a first reporting module configured to report the transmit power of the positioning reference signal to the positioning device.

[0400] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a second reporting module configured to report a sending mode of the positioning reference signal to the positioning device.

[0401] In some embodiments, the first resource has specific time domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific frequency domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific spatial domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific code domain characteristics.

[0402] In some embodiments, the first resource is part or all of the time domain resources within the time window; and / or, the first resource is the time domain resource within the time window that meets the first preset rule.

[0403] In some embodiments, the time window is a time domain resource that appears in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is L consecutive time units after the zero-power consumption device receives the trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

[0404] In some embodiments, the first preset rule is associated with an index of the time unit.

[0405] In some embodiments, the time unit is one of: a time slot, a symbol, a subframe, a frame.

[0406] In some embodiments, the first resource is at least one frequency domain resource or at least one frequency domain resource combination; or, the first resource is a frequency domain resource having at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a frequency domain resource that satisfies a second preset rule.

[0407] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency points; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subcarriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two carriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subbands; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency bands.

[0408] In some embodiments, the second preset rule is associated with an index of a frequency unit; or, the second preset rule is associated with a frequency domain offset relative to a target frequency unit of the trigger signal.

[0409] In some embodiments, the frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

[0410] In some embodiments, the first resource is one or more direction combinations consisting of at least two direction angles; or, the first resource is a direction having at least one angular offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a direction of a quasi-co-located QCL with the direction of the trigger signal.

[0411] In some embodiments, the first resource is one or more sequence combinations consisting of at least two sequences;

[0412] Wherein, at least two sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0413] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 1501 is used to acquire resource information; and acquire a first resource according to the resource information.

[0414] In some embodiments, resource information is obtained by the zero-power device through random selection; and / or, resource information is obtained by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; and / or, resource information is obtained by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

[0415] In some embodiments, the resource information includes at least one of the following:

[0416] Time domain resource information, frequency domain resource information, spatial domain resource information and code domain resource information.

[0417] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 1501 is configured to determine a positioning resource set, where the positioning resource set includes one or more second resources; and determine a first resource from the positioning resource set.

[0418] In some embodiments, the second resource has specific time domain characteristics; or, the second resource has specific frequency domain characteristics; or, the second resource has specific spatial domain characteristics; or, the second resource has specific code domain characteristics.

[0419] In some embodiments, the second resource is part or all of the time domain resources within the time window; and / or, the second resource is the time domain resource within the time window that meets a third preset rule.

[0420] In some embodiments, the time window is a time domain resource that appears in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is L consecutive time units after the zero-power consumption device receives the trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

[0421] In some embodiments, the third preset rule is associated with an index of the time unit.

[0422] In some embodiments, the time unit is one of: a time slot, a symbol, a subframe, a frame.

[0423] In some embodiments, the second resource is at least one frequency domain resource combination; or, the second resource is a frequency domain resource having at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a frequency domain resource that satisfies a fourth preset rule.

[0424] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency points; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subcarriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two carriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subbands; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency bands.

[0425] In some embodiments, the fourth preset rule is associated with an index of a frequency unit; or the fourth preset rule is associated with a frequency domain offset relative to a target frequency unit of the trigger signal.

[0426] In some embodiments, the frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

[0427] In some embodiments, the second resource is one or more direction combinations consisting of at least two direction angles; or, the second resource is a direction having at least one angular offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a direction of a quasi-co-located QCL with the direction of the trigger signal.

[0428] In some embodiments, the second resource is one or more sequence combinations consisting of at least two sequences;

[0429] Among them, at least two sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0430] In some embodiments, all or part of the positioning resource set is randomly selected by the zero-power device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

[0431] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 1501 is configured to determine a set of resource sets from multiple sets of resource sets as a positioning resource set.

[0432] In some embodiments, the resource set is predefined; or, the resource set is protocol-defined; or, the resource set is received by the zero-power tag device; or, the resource set is preconfigured by the positioning device to the zero-power tag device.

[0433] In some embodiments, all or part of the first resource is randomly selected by the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

[0434] Please refer to Figure 16, which shows a block diagram of a signal transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The signal transmission device has the function of implementing the method shown in Figures 7, 8, 13 or 14 above, which is performed by the positioning device. As shown in Figure 16, the device may include:

[0435] The receiving module 1601 is configured to receive a positioning reference signal. The positioning reference signal is a signal sent by the zero-power device in an active manner based on the first resource.

[0436] The positioning module 1602 is configured to perform positioning-related measurements based on the positioning reference signal and obtain corresponding information.

[0437] In some embodiments, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal is fixed power; or, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal is associated with a zero-power consumption device.

[0438] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the positioning reference signal is reported by the zero-power device to the positioning device.

[0439] In some embodiments, the positioning reference signal is sent by the zero-power device to the positioning device.

[0440] In some embodiments, the first resource has specific time domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific frequency domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific spatial domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific code domain characteristics.

[0441] In some embodiments, the first resource is part or all of the time domain resources within the time window; and / or, the first resource is the time domain resource within the time window that meets the first preset rule.

[0442] In some embodiments, the time window is a time domain resource that appears in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is L consecutive time units after the zero-power consumption device receives the trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

[0443] In some embodiments, the first preset rule is associated with an index of the time unit.

[0444] In some embodiments, the time unit is one of: a time slot, a symbol, a subframe, a frame.

[0445] In some embodiments, the first resource is at least one frequency domain resource or at least one frequency domain resource combination; or, the first resource is a frequency domain resource having at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a frequency domain resource that satisfies a second preset rule.

[0446] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency points; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subcarriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two carriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subbands; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency bands.

[0447] In some embodiments, the second preset rule is associated with an index of a frequency unit; or, the second preset rule is associated with a frequency domain offset relative to a target frequency unit of the trigger signal.

[0448] In some embodiments, the frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

[0449] In some embodiments, the first resource is one or more direction combinations consisting of at least two direction angles; or, the first resource is a direction having at least one angular offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a direction of a quasi-co-located QCL with the direction of the trigger signal.

[0450] In some embodiments, the first resource is one or more sequence combinations consisting of at least two sequences;

[0451] Wherein, at least two sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0452] In some embodiments, the first resource is determined by resource information.

[0453] In some embodiments, resource information is obtained by the zero-power device through random selection; and / or, resource information is obtained by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; and / or, resource information is obtained by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

[0454] In some embodiments, the resource information includes at least one of the following:

[0455] Time domain resource information, frequency domain resource information, spatial domain resource information and code domain resource information.

[0456] In some embodiments, the first resource is determined by a positioning resource set; the positioning resource set includes one or more second resources.

[0457] In some embodiments, the second resource has specific time domain characteristics; or, the second resource has specific frequency domain characteristics; or, the second resource has specific spatial domain characteristics; or, the second resource has specific code domain characteristics.

[0458] In some embodiments, the second resource is part or all of the time domain resources within the time window; and / or, the second resource is the time domain resource within the time window that meets a third preset rule.

[0459] In some embodiments, the time window is a time domain resource that appears in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is L consecutive time units after the zero-power consumption device receives the trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

[0460] In some embodiments, the third preset rule is associated with an index of the time unit.

[0461] In some embodiments, the time unit is one of: a time slot, a symbol, a subframe, a frame.

[0462] In some embodiments, the second resource is at least one frequency domain resource combination; or, the second resource is a frequency domain resource having at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a frequency domain resource that satisfies a fourth preset rule.

[0463] In some embodiments, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency points; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subcarriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two carriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subbands; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency bands.

[0464] In some embodiments, the fourth preset rule is associated with an index of a frequency unit; or the fourth preset rule is associated with a frequency domain offset relative to a target frequency unit of the trigger signal.

[0465] In some embodiments, the frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

[0466] In some embodiments, the second resource is one or more direction combinations consisting of at least two direction angles; or, the second resource is a direction having at least one angular offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a direction of a quasi-co-located QCL with the direction of the trigger signal.

[0467] In some embodiments, the second resource is one or more sequence combinations consisting of at least two sequences;

[0468] Wherein, at least two sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

[0469] In some embodiments, all or part of the positioning resource set is randomly selected by the zero-power device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

[0470] In some embodiments, the located resource set is a resource set among multiple resource sets.

[0471] In some embodiments, the resource set is predefined; or, the resource set is protocol-defined; or, the resource set is received by the zero-power tag device; or, the resource set is preconfigured by the positioning device to the zero-power tag device.

[0472] In some embodiments, all or part of the first resource is randomly selected by the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device based on part or all of the ID information of the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device based on the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

[0473] It should be noted that the device provided in the above embodiment only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules as an example to implement its functions. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0474] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0475] Please refer to FIG17 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1700 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1700 may include: a processor 1701 , a receiver 1702 , a transmitter 1703 , a memory 1704 , and a bus 1705 .

[0476] Processor 1701 includes one or more processing cores. Processor 1701 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules. Receiver 1702 and transmitter 1703 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip. This communication chip can also be called a transceiver. Memory 1704 is connected to processor 1701 via bus 1705. Memory 1704 can be used to store computer programs, and processor 1701 is used to execute these computer programs to implement the various steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0477] In addition, memory 1704 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: magnetic disk or optical disk, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, static random access memory, read-only memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, and programmable read-only memory.

[0478] In an exemplary embodiment, when the communication device 1700 is implemented as the above-mentioned positioning device, the receiver 1702 and the processor 1701 execute the computer program so that the communication device implements the various steps performed by the positioning device in the method shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 13 or Figure 14.

[0479] In an exemplary embodiment, when the communication device 1700 is implemented as the above-mentioned zero-power tag device, the transmitter 1703 executes the computer program so that the communication device implements the various steps performed by the zero-power device in the method shown in Figure 6, Figure 8, Figure 13 or Figure 14.

[0480] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement all or part of the steps performed by the positioning device or the zero-power device in the method shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, 13 or 14 above.

[0481] The present application also provides a chip, which is used to run in a communication device so that the communication device executes all or part of the steps performed by the positioning device or the zero-power device in the method shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, 13 or 14 above.

[0482] The present application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the communication device to perform all or part of the steps performed by the positioning device or the zero-power device in the method shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, 13, or 14.

[0483] The present application also provides a computer program, which is executed by a processor of a communication device to implement all or part of the steps performed by a positioning device or a zero-power device in the method shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, 13 or 14 above.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, characterized in that, The method is executed by a zero-power device, and the method includes: Obtain a first resource; According to the first resource, send a positioning reference signal by an active sending method; the positioning reference signal is used for a positioning device that receives the positioning reference signal to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission power of the positioning reference signal is a fixed power; or, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal is associated with the zero-power device.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: Report the transmission power of the positioning reference signal to the positioning device.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: Report the sending method of the positioning reference signal to the positioning device.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first resource has a specific time-domain feature; or, the first resource has a specific frequency-domain feature; or, the first resource has a specific spatial-domain feature; or, the first resource has a specific code-domain feature.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The first resource is part or all of the time-domain resources within a time window; and / or, the first resource is the time-domain resources within a time window that meet a first preset rule.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein The time window is time-domain resources that appear in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is L consecutive time units after the zero-power device receives a trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The first preset rule is associated with the index of the time unit.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The time unit is one of the following: time slot, symbol, subframe, frame.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The first resource is at least one frequency-domain resource or at least one combination of frequency-domain resources; or, the first resource is a frequency-domain resource that has at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a frequency-domain resource that meets a second preset rule.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein The combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two frequency points; or, the combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two subcarriers; or, the combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two carriers; or, the combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two subbands; or, the combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two frequency bands.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein The second preset rule is associated with the index of the frequency unit; or, the second preset rule is associated with the frequency-domain offset of the target frequency unit relative to the trigger signal.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein The frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The first resource is at least one direction, or at least one combination of directions, the combination of directions includes at least two direction angles; or, the first resource is a direction that has at least one angle offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a direction that is quasi-co-located (QCL) with the direction of the trigger signal.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The first resource is at least one sequence, or at least one combination of sequences; Wherein, the combination of sequences includes at least two of the sequences, and at least two of the sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The obtaining of the first resource includes: Obtain resource information; Obtain the first resource according to the resource information.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein The resource information is obtained by the zero-power consumption device through random selection; and / or, the resource information is obtained by the zero-power consumption device according to part or all of the information in the ID information of the zero-power consumption device; and / or, the resource information is obtained by the zero-power consumption device according to the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, The resource information includes at least one of the following: Time-domain resource information, frequency-domain resource information, space-domain resource information, and code-domain resource information.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The obtaining of the first resource includes: Determining a positioning resource set, where the positioning resource set contains one or more second resources; Determining the first resource from the positioning resource set.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein The second resource has a specific time-domain feature; or, the second resource has a specific frequency-domain feature; or, the second resource has a specific space-domain feature; or, the second resource has a specific code-domain feature.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The second resource is part or all of the time-domain resources within a time window; and / or, the second resource is the time-domain resources within the time window that meet a third preset rule.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein The time window is the time-domain resources that appear in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is L consecutive time units after the zero-power consumption device receives a trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The third preset rule is associated with the index of the time unit.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein The time unit is one of the following: time slot, symbol, subframe, frame.

25. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that, The second resource is at least one frequency-domain resource combination; or, the second resource is a frequency-domain resource with at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a frequency-domain resource that meets a fourth preset rule.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein The frequency-domain resource combination includes at least two frequency points; or, the frequency-domain resource combination includes at least two subcarriers; or, the frequency-domain resource combination includes at least two carriers; or, the frequency-domain resource combination includes at least two subbands; or, the frequency-domain resource combination includes at least two frequency bands.

27. The method according to claim 25, wherein The fourth preset rule is associated with the index of the frequency unit; or, the fourth preset rule is associated with the frequency-domain offset relative to the target frequency unit of the trigger signal.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein The frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

29. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that, The second resource is one or more direction combinations composed of at least two direction angles; or, the second resource is a direction with at least one angle offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a direction that is quasi-co-located (QCL) with the direction of the trigger signal.

30. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that, The second resource is one or more sequence combinations composed of at least two sequences; Wherein, the at least two sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

31. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 30, characterized in that All or part of the positioning resource set is randomly selected by the zero-power consumption device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power consumption device according to part or all of the information in the ID information of the zero-power consumption device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power consumption device according to the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

32. The method according to claim 19, wherein The determining of the positioning resource set includes: Determining one of the resource sets from multiple groups of resource sets as the positioning resource set.

33. The method according to claim 32, wherein The resource set is predefined; or, the resource set is defined by a protocol; or, the resource set is received by the zero-power tag device; or, the resource set is pre-configured for the zero-power tag device by a positioning device.

34. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that All or part of the first resource is randomly selected by the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device according to part or all of the information in the ID information of the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device according to the signaling configuration sent by a positioning device.

35. A signal transmission method, characterized in that, The method is executed by a positioning device, and the method includes: Receiving a positioning reference signal; the positioning reference signal is a signal actively sent by a zero-power device according to a first resource; Performing positioning-related measurements based on the positioning reference signal and obtaining corresponding information.

36. The method according to claim 35, wherein The transmission power of the positioning reference signal is a fixed power; or, the transmission power of the positioning reference signal is associated with the zero-power device.

37. The method according to claim 35, wherein The transmission power of the positioning reference signal is reported by the zero-power device to the positioning device.

38. The method according to claim 35, characterized in that, The transmission mode of the positioning reference signal is reported by the zero-power device to the positioning device.

39. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 38, characterized in that, The first resource has specific time-domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific frequency-domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific spatial-domain characteristics; or, the first resource has specific code-domain characteristics.

40. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 39, characterized in that The first resource is part or all of the time-domain resources within a time window; and / or, the first resource is the time-domain resources within a time window that satisfy a first preset rule.

41. The method according to claim 40, characterized in that, The time window is time-domain resources that appear in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is L consecutive time units after the zero-power device receives a trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

42. The method according to claim 40 or 41, characterized in that, The first preset rule is associated with the index of the time unit.

43. The method according to claim 42, characterized in that, The time unit is one of the following: time slot, symbol, subframe, frame.

44. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 43, characterized in that, The first resource is at least one frequency-domain resource or at least one combination of frequency-domain resources; or, the first resource is a frequency-domain resource with at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a frequency-domain resource that satisfies a second preset rule.

45. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that, The combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two frequency points; or, the combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two subcarriers; or, the combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two carriers; or, the combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two subbands; or, the combination of frequency-domain resources includes at least two frequency bands.

46. The method according to claim 44, wherein, The second preset rule is associated with the index of the frequency unit; or, the second preset rule is associated with the frequency-domain offset of the target frequency unit relative to the trigger signal.

47. The method according to claim 44, wherein The frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

48. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 43, characterized in that, The first resource is at least one direction, or at least one combination of directions; the combination of directions includes at least two direction angles; or, the first resource is a direction with at least one angle offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the first resource is a direction that is quasi-co-located (QCL) with the direction of the trigger signal.

49. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 43, characterized in that, The first resource is at least one sequence, or at least one sequence combination; wherein, the sequence combination includes at least two of the sequences, and at least two of the sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

50. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 49, characterized in that, The first resource is determined by resource information.

51. The method according to claim 50, characterized in that, The resource information is obtained by the zero-power consumption device through random selection; and / or, the resource information is obtained by the zero-power consumption device according to part or all of the information in the ID information of the zero-power consumption device; and / or, the resource information is obtained by the zero-power consumption device according to the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

52. The method according to claim 50 or 51, characterized in that, The resource information includes at least one of the following: Time domain resource information, frequency domain resource information, spatial domain resource information, and code domain resource information.

53. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 49, characterized in that, The first resource is determined by a positioning resource set; the positioning resource set contains one or more second resources.

54. The method according to claim 53, wherein The second resource has a specific time domain feature; or, the second resource has a specific frequency domain feature; or, the second resource has a specific spatial domain feature; or, the second resource has a specific code domain feature.

55. The method according to claim 53 or 54, characterized in that, The second resource is part or all of the time domain resources within a time window; and / or, the second resource is the time domain resources within the time window that meet a third preset rule.

56. The method according to claim 55, characterized in that, The time window is the time domain resources that appear in the time domain with a period T; or, the time window is the continuous L time units after the zero-power consumption device receives a trigger signal, where L is a positive integer.

57. The method according to claim 55 or 56, characterized in that, The third preset rule is associated with the index of the time unit.

58. The method according to claim 57, wherein The time unit is one of the following: time slot, symbol, subframe, frame.

59. The method according to any one of claims 53 to 58, characterized in that, The second resource is at least one frequency domain resource combination; or, the second resource is a frequency domain resource with at least one frequency offset relative to the frequency point of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a frequency domain resource that meets a fourth preset rule.

60. The method according to claim 59, wherein, The frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency points; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subcarriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two carriers; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two subbands; or, the frequency domain resource combination includes at least two frequency bands.

61. The method according to claim 59, wherein The fourth preset rule is associated with the index of the frequency unit; or, the fourth preset rule is associated with the frequency domain offset relative to the target frequency unit of the trigger signal.

62. The method according to claim 61, characterized in that, The frequency unit is one of the following: frequency point, subcarrier, carrier, subband, frequency band.

63. The method according to any one of claims 53 to 58, characterized in that, The second resource is one or more direction combinations composed of at least two direction angles; or, the second resource is a direction with at least one angle offset relative to the direction of the trigger signal; or, the second resource is a direction that is quasi-co-located QCL with the direction of the trigger signal.

64. The method according to any one of claims 53 to 58, characterized in that, The second resource is one or more sequence combinations composed of at least two sequences; wherein, at least two of the sequences are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

65. The method according to any one of claims 53 to 64, characterized in that, All or part of the positioning resource set is randomly selected by the zero-power consumption device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power consumption device according to part or all of the information in the ID information of the zero-power consumption device; or, all or part of the positioning resource set is selected by the zero-power consumption device according to the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

66. The method according to claim 53, wherein The positioning resource set is one of multiple resource sets.

67. The method according to claim 66, characterized in that, The resource set is predefined; or, the resource set is defined by a protocol; or, the resource set is received by the zero-power tag device; or, the resource set is pre-configured by the positioning device for the zero-power tag device.

68. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 67, characterized in that, All or part of the first resource is randomly selected by the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device according to part or all of the information in the ID information of the zero-power device; or, all or part of the first resource is selected by the zero-power device according to the signaling configuration sent by the positioning device.

69. A signal transmission device, characterized in that, The device includes: An acquisition module, configured to acquire a first resource; A sending module, configured to send a positioning reference signal in an active sending manner according to the first resource; the positioning reference signal is used for a positioning device that receives the positioning reference signal to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information.

70. A signal transmission device, characterized in that, The device includes: A receiving module, configured to receive a positioning reference signal; the positioning reference signal is a signal sent by a zero-power device in an active sending manner according to a first resource; A positioning module, configured to perform positioning-related measurements and obtain corresponding information according to the positioning reference signal.

71. A zero-power label device, characterized in that, The zero-power tag device includes a processor, a memory, and a transceiver; A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the zero-power tag device to implement the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 34 above.

72. A positioning device, characterized in that, The positioning device includes a processor, a memory, and a transceiver; A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the positioning device to implement the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 35 to 68 above.

73. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program is stored in the storage medium, and the computer program is used to be executed by a processor of a communication device to enable the communication device to implement the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 68.

74. A chip, characterized in that, The chip includes an integrated circuit and an application program, and the chip is used to run in a communication device to enable the communication device to execute the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 68.

75. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; a processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions to enable the communication device to execute the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 68.

76. A computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by a processor of a communication device to enable the communication device to implement the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 68.

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