Systems and methods for adaptive resource configuration

Abstract

A system and method for adaptive resource allocation in communication-aware integration (ISAC) are provided. A first network node can configure beam-related information. This beam-related information may include at least one of the following: receiving beam-related information; or transmitting beam-related information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for adaptive resource allocation for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). Background Technology

[0002] The standards organization Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently specifying a new radio interface called 5G New Radio (5G NR) and a Next Generation Packet Core Network (NG-CN or NGC). 5G NR will have three main components: 5G Access Network (5G-AN), 5G Core Network (5GC), and User Equipment (UE). To facilitate the implementation of different data services and needs, the elements (also known as network functions) of 5GC have been simplified, some software-based and some hardware-based, thus allowing for customization as needed. Satellite communication is one of the typical scenarios for non-terrestrial networks in 3GPP standardization. Furthermore, in 6G, satellites will play an increasingly critical role in providing coverage and resilience. Reconfigurable Smart Surfaces (RIS) are another important topic in 6G research, offering a method to improve the reliability and energy efficiency of wireless systems by controlling surfaces discovered in the radio channel and orienting them in specific directions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are intended to address problems related to one or more issues existing in the prior art and provide additional features that will become apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Exemplary systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are disclosed herein according to various embodiments. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example and not as limiting, and that various modifications can be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure.

[0004] At least one aspect relates to a system, method, apparatus, or computer-readable medium, the contents of which are as follows: A first network node can configure beam-related information. This beam-related information may include at least one of the following: receive beam-related information; or transmit beam-related information. One or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs may be determined by a receiving node or by a first or second network node based on beam-level measurement results. The beam-level measurement results may include at least one of the following: beam-level measurement result; receive beam-related information corresponding to the beam-level measurement result; or transmit beam-related information corresponding to the beam-level measurement result. The transmit beam-related information may include at least one of the following: transmit beam index; spatial direction of the transmit beam; or transmit power of the transmit beam. The receive beam-related information may include at least one of the following: receive beam index; or spatial direction of the receive beam.

[0005] In some embodiments, when the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are determined by a first network node, the first network node may recommend transmit beam-related information corresponding to at least one pair of the one or more optimal pairs to the transmitting node, and recommend receive beam-related information corresponding to at least one pair of the one or more optimal pairs to the receiving node. The first network node may transmit the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs to the receiving node.

[0006] In some embodiments, where the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are determined by the receiving node, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs may be reported by the receiving node to the first network node. Transmit beam-related information corresponding to at least one of the one or more optimal pairs may be recommended by the first network node to the transmitting node.

[0007] In some embodiments, where the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are determined by a second network node, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs may be reported by the second network node to a first network node. The first network node may recommend transmit beam-related information corresponding to at least one of the one or more optimal pairs to the transmitting node. The first network node may send receive beam-related information corresponding to at least one of the one or more optimal pairs to the receiving node. The first network node may also send the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs to the receiving node.

[0008] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine the granularity of relaxed sensing measurements based on measurement results or configuration. The wireless communication device may be configured as a receiving node. The wireless communication device may be configured not to measure the sensing reference signal from the transmitting node if the Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurement result of the transmitting node is below an RRM measurement threshold. The RRM measurement threshold may be configured by the network node, pre-configured, or determined by the wireless communication device. Multiple sensing measurement thresholds / multiple sensing measurement ranges may be configured by the network node, pre-configured, or determined by the wireless communication device. Each of the multiple sensing measurement thresholds / multiple sensing measurement ranges / each sensing measurement threshold may be associated with a sensing measurement granularity. This sensing measurement granularity may be represented by a sensing measurement period.

[0009] In some embodiments, if the sensing measurement result obtained from the transmitting node falls within one of the plurality of sensing measurement ranges, the receiving node can use a sensing measurement period associated with that sensing measurement range to measure the sensing reference signal (RS) from the transmitting node. The mapping relationship between the sensing measurement threshold / sensing measurement range and the sensing measurement granularity can be configured by the network node, pre-configured, or determined by the wireless communication device.

[0010] In some embodiments, a wireless communication device can identify multiple sensing resources, which are configured or pre-configured for different sensing stages based on corresponding sensing services. The wireless communication device can be configured as a receiving node. The multiple sensing resources may include multiple sensing RS resource configurations. The multiple sensing resources may include multiple configurations of sensing RS. The multiple sensing RS resource configurations may include at least one of the following: a sensing RS resource index; a sensing RS resource bandwidth; a sensing RS resource period; or a repetition factor within the sensing RS resource period. The multiple sensing RS resource configurations may be recommended by a network node to a sending node.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of sensing RS resource configurations may be configured or pre-configured by the transmitting node and sent to the network node by the transmitting node. The plurality of sensing RS resource configurations may be provided by the network node to the wireless communication device. When a new sensing phase is satisfied, the new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase may be requested by the wireless communication device from the network node. The new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase may be requested by the network node from the transmitting node. Successful transmission of the new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase may be responded to by the transmitting node from the network node.

[0012] In some embodiments, successful transmission of new sensing RS resources associated with a new sensing phase can be provided by a network node to a receiving node. A request for new sensing RS resources associated with a new sensing phase can include at least one of the following: an indicator for triggering the transmission of sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase; or an index of sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase. A response to the transmission of sensing RS resources associated with a new sensing phase can include at least one of the following: an indicator indicating successful transmission of sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase; or an index of sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase that was successfully transmitted. The indicator or the (pre-)configured sensing RS resource index can be sent by the receiving node to the transmitting node via uplink control information (UCI) / media access control unit (MAC CE) to trigger the transmission of the corresponding sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase. The indicator or sensing RS resource index indicating the transmission of the corresponding sensing RS resource can be sent by the transmitting node to the wireless communication device. The plurality of sensing RS resource configurations can also include duration-related information for each sensing RS resource. The duration-related information for each sensed RS resource may include at least one of the following: the start time of the sensed RS resource; or the duration of the sensed RS resource.

[0013] In some embodiments, a wireless communication device can transmit uplink (UL) sensing measurement reports along a path. The wireless communication device can be configured as a transmitting node. A UL sensing measurement report for an arrival path can include at least one of the following: a Time of Arrival (TOA); multiple Angles of Arrival (AOA); one or more Reference Signal Received Path Powers (RSRPPs); multiple Doppler measurements; or multiple phase-correlation measurements. A UL sensing measurement report for an arrival path of the same UL sensing RS can be a pair of measurements of any two of the following: a TOA; M AOAs; one or M RSRPPs; N Doppler measurements; and N phase-correlation measurements. The M AOAs and N Doppler measurements can each have a corresponding relationship. When M equals N, the M AOAs, N Doppler measurements, and N phase-correlation measurements can each have a one-to-one correspondence. An AOA, a Doppler measurement, and a phase-correlation measurement can correspond to an Angle of Arrival for the arrival path of the same UL sensing RS. When the number of RSRPPs is 1, the RSRPP can be the single power of the arrival path at all Angles of Arrival.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the number of RSRPPs is M, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the M RSRPPs and the M AOAs. One RSRPP can correspond to an angle of arrival (AOA) on the arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS. A UL-sensing measurement report for an arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS can include multiple pairs of measurement results from any two of the following: a TOA; an AOA; an RSRPP; a Doppler measurement result; and a phase-correlation measurement result. Each of the following pairs of measurement results can correspond to an OAA on the arrival path: a TOA; an AOA; an RSRPP; a Doppler measurement result; and a phase-correlation measurement result. The TOA values ​​in multiple pairs of measurement results from any two of the following for multiple OAAs on the same arrival path can be the same: a TOA; an AOA; an RSRPP; a Doppler measurement result; and a phase-correlation measurement result.

[0015] In some embodiments, the AOA value, Doppler measurement result, and phase correlation measurement result in multiple pairs of measurement results for multiple angles of arrival for the same arrival path may be different: one TOA; one AOA; one RSRPP; one Doppler measurement result; and one phase correlation measurement result. The AOA, Doppler measurement result, and phase correlation measurement result in a measurement result pair may correspond to the same angle of arrival for the same UL sensing RS. The RSRPP value in multiple pairs of measurement results for multiple angles of arrival for the same arrival path may be the same or different: one TOA; one AOA; one RSRPP; one Doppler measurement result; and one phase correlation measurement result.

[0016] In some embodiments, when the RSRPP values ​​are the same in multiple measurement result pairs, the RSRPP can be the single power of the arrival path at all angles of arrival. When the RSRPP values ​​are different in multiple measurement result pairs, the RSRPP and AOA in the same measurement result pair can correspond to the same angle of arrival for the arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS. A UL-sensing measurement report for an arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS can be multiple measurement result pairs {one TOA, one RSRPP, and additional measurement results}. The additional measurement results can include at least one of the following: M AOAs; N Doppler measurement results; and / or N phase-correlated measurement results.

[0017] In some embodiments, a UL sensing measurement report for an arrival path of the same UL sensing RS can be a pair of measurement results {one TOA, additional measurement results}. The additional measurement results can include at least one of the following: M AOAs; M RSRPPs; N Doppler measurement results; and / or N phase-correlation measurement results. The UL sensing measurement report can be Doppler-based. A request for predicted location information of the sensed target in a configured future sensing timestamp can be sent from a first network node to a receiving node. The position estimate of the sensed target at the current sensing timestamp and the position prediction of the sensed target at the next sensing timestamp can be reported from the receiving node to the network node. The predicted location request can include the requested predicted sensing timestamp. The location estimation report can include the estimated sensing timestamp. The location prediction report can include the predicted sensing timestamp. The channel state estimate at the current timestamp and the channel state prediction at the next timestamp can be reported from the receiving node to a second network node.

[0018] In some embodiments, the third network node may add the purpose of the PRS in the configuration of the Physical Frequency Layer (PFL), in the configuration of the Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) resource set, or in the configuration of the PRS resources. The purpose of the PRS may be configured for positioning only, sensing only, or both. The PRS used for sensing and the PRS configured for positioning may be configured separately by the third network node or the first network node.

[0019] In some embodiments, a third network node may request measurement results obtained from specific PRS measurements for sensing purposes in a Request Location Information message. The Request Location Information message may include a list of PRS resources whose measurement results can be used for sensing. Each PRS resource in the list may be identified by at least one of the following: a Transmitter / Receiver Point Identifier (TRP ID); a PRS Resource Set ID; or a PRS Resource ID. The receiving node may be configured to report the purpose of the PRS measurement results in a Provide Location Information message. The purpose of the PRS measurement results may be configured for location only, sensing only, or both.

[0020] In some embodiments, a bitmap indicating which SSBs can be used for sensing can be configured by the second network node to the receiving node in the SSB configuration for mobility. The first network node can request SSB measurement results obtained from specific SSB measurements for sensing purposes from the second network node in a request location information message. The request location information message can include a bitmap indicating which SSB measurement results are requested for sensing. The receiving node can report the specific SSB measurement results requested in the request location information message to the first network node in a provide location information message. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Various exemplary embodiments of this solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings or illustrations. These drawings are for illustrative purposes only and depict only exemplary embodiments of the solution to aid the reader's understanding. Therefore, these drawings should not be considered as limitations on the breadth, scope, or applicability of the solution. It should be noted that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale for clarity and ease of explanation.

[0022] Figure 1 An example cellular communication network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, in which the techniques disclosed herein can be implemented; Figure 2 Block diagrams of example base stations and user equipment according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown; Figure 3 A sequence diagram illustrating the determination and configuration of optimal transmit (Tx) beam and receive (Rx) beam pair according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 4 A sequence diagram illustrating the determination and configuration of an optimal Tx beam and Rx beam pair according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 5 A sequence diagram illustrating the determination and configuration of an optimal Tx beam and Rx beam pair according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 6 Sequence diagrams illustrating the determination and configuration of optimal Tx and Rx beam pairs according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; and Figure 7 A flowchart of an example method for adaptive resource configuration according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0023] 1. Mobile Communication Technology and Environment Figure 1An example wireless communication network and / or system 100 according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated, in which the techniques disclosed herein can be implemented. In the following discussion, wireless communication network 100 can be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network, and is referred to herein as "network 100". Such an example network 100 includes a base station 102 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 102"; also referred to as a wireless communication node) and a user equipment 104 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 104"; also referred to as a wireless communication device), which can communicate with each other via a communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel), and a set of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 covering a geographic area 101. Figure 1 In this context, BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within the corresponding geographical boundaries of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 may include at least one base station operating on its allocated bandwidth to provide sufficient radio coverage to its intended users.

[0024] For example, BS 102 can operate on the allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide sufficient coverage to UE 104. BS 102 and UE 104 can communicate via downlink radio frame 118 and uplink radio frame 124, respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 can be further divided into subframes 120 / 127, which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In this disclosure, BS 102 and UE 104 are described herein as non-limiting examples of "communication nodes," which generally practice the methods disclosed herein. According to various embodiments of this solution, such communication nodes may be able to perform wireless and / or wired communication.

[0025] Figure 2 A block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) / Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) signals) according to some embodiments of this solution is shown. System 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating characteristics, which need not be described in detail herein. In one illustrative embodiment, system 200 may be used in applications such as those described above. Figure 1 In wireless communication environments such as 100, data symbols are transmitted (e.g., sent and received).

[0026] System 200 typically includes a base station 202 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 202") and a user equipment 204 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 204"). BS 202 includes a base station (BS) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each module being coupled and interconnected with each other as needed via a data communication bus 220. UE 204 includes a user equipment (UE) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each module being coupled and interconnected with each other as needed via a data communication bus 240. BS 202 communicates with UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for the data transmission described herein.

[0027] As those skilled in the art will understand, system 200 may also include, in addition to Figure 2 Any number of modules other than those shown. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are generally described in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware, firmware, or software can depend on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art can implement such functionality appropriately for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0028] According to some embodiments, UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230 including a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and an RF receiver, each RF transmitter and RF receiver including circuitry coupled to antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternatively couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in a time-division duplex manner. Similarly, according to some embodiments, BS transceiver 210 may be referred herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210 including an RF transmitter and an RF receiver, each RF transmitter and RF receiver including circuitry coupled to antenna 212. A downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in a time-division duplex manner. The operation of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be time-coordinated such that the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 so that transmissions on the radio transmission link 250 can be received while the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212. Conversely, the operation of the two transceivers 210 and 230 can be time-coordinated, such that the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 so that the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 while receiving transmissions on the wireless transmission link 250. In some embodiments, there is tight time synchronization with a minimum guard time between changes in the duplex direction.

[0029] UE transceiver 230 and base transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via wireless data communication link 250 and cooperate with RF antenna arrangements 212 / 232 in a suitable configuration capable of supporting specific wireless communication protocols and modulation schemes. In some illustrative embodiments, UE transceiver 210 and base transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards. However, it should be understood that this disclosure is not necessarily limited to application to specific standards and associated protocols. Rather, UE transceiver 230 and base transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternative or additional wireless data communication protocols (including future standards or variations thereof).

[0030] According to various embodiments, BS 202 may be, for example, an evolved Node B (eNB), a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femtocell, or a picocell. In some embodiments, UE 204 may be implemented in various types of user equipment, such as mobile phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablets, laptops, wearable computing devices, etc. Processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented or realized using a general-purpose processor, content-addressable memory, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field-programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this way, the processor may be implemented as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, or a state machine, etc. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of multiple computing devices, such as a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a combination of multiple microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors incorporating a digital signal processor core, or any other combination of such configurations.

[0031] Furthermore, the steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly in hardware, firmware, software modules executed by processor modules 214 and 236 respectively, or any feasible combination thereof. Memory modules 216 and 234 can be implemented as random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, removable disks, compact optical disc read-only storage (CD-ROM), or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this respect, memory modules 216 and 234 can be coupled to processor modules 210 and 230 respectively, such that processor modules 210 and 230 can read information from and write information to memory modules 216 and 234 respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 can also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, memory modules 216 and 234 may each include cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during the execution of instructions executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.

[0032] Network communication module 218 broadly represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components that enable bidirectional communication between base station 202, base transceiver 210, and other network components and communication nodes configured to communicate with base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support Internet or Global Microwave Access Interoperability (WiMAX) services. In a typical deployment, but without limitation, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface, enabling base transceiver 210 to communicate with conventional Ethernet-based computer networks. In this way, network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connecting to a computer network (e.g., a Mobile Switching Center (MSC)). The terms “configured for,” “configured to,” and variations thereof, used herein with respect to a specified operation or function, refer to devices, components, circuits, structures, machines, signals, etc., which are physically constructed, programmed, formatted, and / or arranged to perform the specified operation or function.

[0033] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model (referred to herein as the "OSI model") is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communication used by systems (e.g., wireless communication devices, wireless communication nodes) for interconnecting and communicating with other systems. The model is divided into seven sub-components or layers, each representing a conceptual set of services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI model also defines logical networks and efficiently describes computer packet transmission using different layer protocols. The OSI model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, the first layer may be the physical layer. In some embodiments, the second layer may be the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, the third layer may be the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, the fourth layer may be the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, the fifth layer may be the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, the sixth layer may be the Non-Access Stratum (NAS) layer or the Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer is another layer.

[0034] Various exemplary embodiments of this solution are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to enable those skilled in the art to make and use this solution. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, various changes or modifications can be made to the examples described herein without departing from the scope of this solution after reading this disclosure. Therefore, this solution is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and applications described and shown herein. Furthermore, the specific order or hierarchy of the steps in the methods disclosed herein is merely an example. Based on design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of the steps in the disclosed methods or processes can be rearranged while remaining within the scope of this solution. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or actions in an exemplary order, and unless otherwise expressly stated, this solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0035] 2. Systems and methods for adaptive resource allocation In an Integrated Communication and Sensing (ISAC) system, sensing functionality can be implemented using communication devices. Sensing use cases can include target detection and localization / tracking, health monitoring, and intelligent transportation. In an ISAC system, a transmitting node can send a reference signal (RS) to the sensing target. The RS can be reflected from the sensing target. The RS reflected from the sensing target can be received by a receiving node. Without a specific resource configuration for sensing purposes, sensing performance may be poor, and the power consumption of the transmitting and receiving nodes may be very high. Therefore, appropriate resources can be specifically configured for sensing purposes in an ISAC system. This disclosure relates to adaptive resource configuration for sensing purposes to improve sensing accuracy and save power consumption of the transmitting and receiving nodes. This disclosure provides a solution for adaptive resource configuration for sensing in an ISAC system.

[0036] In an ISAC system, both communication and sensing functions can be implemented based on communication equipment. Six sensing modes are possible: base station (BS) monocell sensing; BS bicell sensing; BS as transmitter and user equipment (UE) as receiver; UE as transmitter and BS as receiver; UE monocell sensing; and UE bicell sensing. This disclosure focuses on the following sensing modes: BS as transmitter and UE as receiver, and BS as receiver and UE as transmitter. The reference signal (RS) used for sensing purposes can be a synchronization signal block (SSB), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a specific sensing RS, a unified RS, or other RS ​​used in the communication system.

[0037] Without specific resource configuration for sensing purposes, sensing performance can be poor, and power consumption at both transmitting and receiving nodes can be very high. Therefore, it is crucial to configure appropriate resources specifically for sensing purposes to improve sensing accuracy and conserve power at both transmitting and receiving nodes. This disclosure provides a solution for adaptive resource configuration for sensing in ISAC systems.

[0038] In this disclosure, a base station (BS) can be or includes a next-generation (NG) radio access network (RAN) node, gNB, ng-eNB, cell, and / or transmission reception point (TRP). In this disclosure, a sensing function (SF) can be a network logic unit that controls and configures radio resources and parameters and calculates sensing results. The SF can be integrated with a location management function (LMF), integrated with other network logic units, or can be a standalone network logic unit. In this disclosure, the RS used for sensing purposes can be a synchronization signal block (SSB), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a location reference signal (PRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a specific sensing RS, a unified RS, or other RS ​​used in the communication system.

[0039] Example 1 of implementation: Configuring / recommending beam information for transmission and reception based on sensing measurement results In an ISAC system, based on a sensing service, the SF / LMF can have advance information about the approximate location / area of ​​the sensed target. The spatial directions of the transmit and receive beams can be configured by the BS or the SF / LMF. The spatial directions of the transmit and receive beams can be determined based on the sensing service. However, since the advance information is approximate, the spatial directions of the transmit and receive beams may be inaccurate for the sensed target, resulting in unsatisfactory sensing performance. Furthermore, due to the lack of accurate location information for the sensed target, it may be necessary to sense the target based on multiple sensing resources of multiple beams, which consumes a significant amount of power for both the transmitting and receiving nodes. To improve sensing accuracy and reduce system power consumption, this embodiment provides several solutions. This implementation example focuses on the following sensing modes: BS as the transmitter and UE as the receiver, and BS as the receiver and UE as the transmitter.

[0040] Awareness mode with BS as the transmitting node and UE as the receiving node In the perception assistance information configuration, beam-related information can be configured for the receiving UE.

[0041] • Transmit beam-related information may include at least one or more of the following: a list of transmit beam indices; a list of transmit beam spatial directions; and / or a list of transmit beam transmit power.

[0042] ○ The transmit beam index and the spatial direction of the transmit beam can be configured by sensing RS resource set, sensing RS resource, TRP, or sensing RS resource per TRP.

[0043] ○ The transmit power of the transmit beam can be configured by sensing RS resources, by TRP, by angle, by sensing RS resources per angle, by each sensing RS resource per angle per TRP, or by a set of sensing RS resources.

[0044] ○ The spatial direction of the transmitted beam can be expressed as follows: azimuth angle; and / or elevation angle.

[0045] ○ Beam-related information can be configured to be sent to the receiving UE via RRC / MAC / Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) / Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). Alternatively, the sending BS can report the beam-related information to the SF / LMF, and then the SF / LMF can provide the beam-related information to the receiving UE in a Sensing Assistance Information message.

[0046] The receiving UE can measure the sensing RS to obtain beam-level measurement results based on multiple received beams. For UE-assisted sensing, the receiving UE can report multiple beam-level measurement results (e.g., Layer 1 measurement results) to the network. Each beam-level measurement-related information includes at least one or more of the following: • Beam-level measurement results.

[0047] • Received beam-related information corresponding to beam-level measurements.

[0048] ○ Received beam information may include at least one or more of the following: received beam index; and / or the spatial direction of the received beam.

[0049] • Transmit beam-related information corresponding to beam-level measurements.

[0050] The reported beam-level measurements can be determined based on several rules. These rules can be one or more of the following: • Beam-level measurements can be sorted, and the N best beam-level measurements can be reported to the network.

[0051] ○ The maximum number N of reported beam-level measurement results can be determined by the SF / LMF, configured by the BS, pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0052] • One or more of one or more thresholds / ranges can be configured to determine which beam-level measurement results can be reported.

[0053] ○ Thresholds can be: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) threshold, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) threshold, Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) threshold, TOA threshold, AOA threshold, Doppler threshold, distance threshold, and / or phase threshold.

[0054] ○ The range can be: RSRP range, RSRQ range, SINR range, TOA range, AOA range, Doppler range, distance range and / or phase range.

[0055] A threshold or range can be configured, and beam-level measurements that satisfy the threshold / range can be reported to the network. In some embodiments, a combination of one or more thresholds and one or more ranges can be configured, and beam-level measurements that satisfy all or more configured thresholds and one or more ranges can be reported to the network.

[0056] One or more thresholds and one or more ranges may be configured by the SF / LMF, the BS, pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0057] Beam-level measurement results can be reported to the SF / LMF or to the serving BS receiving the UE.

[0058] • When beam-level measurement results are reported to the serving BS, the serving BS can determine one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes based on the received beam-level measurement results, wherein the RS is transmitted by the transmitting BS, reflected by the sensing target, and received by the receiving UE. In other words, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link from the transmitting BS to the sensing target and then to the receiving UE. Additionally, the serving BS can determine one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes based on the received beam-level measurement results, wherein the RS is transmitted by the transmitting BS and directly received by the receiving UE. In other words, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link between the transmitting BS and the receiving UE. Furthermore, the serving BS can determine transmit and receive beam pairs corresponding to obstacles or environmental targets.

[0059] ○ The transmitted beam information may include at least one or more of the following: transmitted beam index, transmitted beam spatial direction, and / or transmitted beam power.

[0060] ○ Received beam information may include at least one or more of the following: receive beam index, and / or spatial direction of the receive beam.

[0061] ○ When the transmitting BS of the RS is a serving BS, the transmitting beam of the serving BS for its next communication purpose with the same UE can use one or more optimal transmitting beams determined based on beam-level measurement results. Furthermore, the transmitting beam of the serving BS for the next same sensing link can use one or more optimal transmitting beams determined based on beam-level measurement results.

[0062] ○ When the transmitting BS of the RS is not the serving BS, the serving BS can recommend optimal transmission beam-related information for sensing and communication purposes to the transmitting BS via the Xn interface. The recommended transmission beam-related information for sensing and communication purposes can be the optimal transmission beam for those purposes determined based on beam-level measurement results. Furthermore, transmission beam-related information corresponding to obstacles and environmental targets can be recommended to the transmitting BS via the Xn interface. Alternatively, the serving BS can report the optimal transmission beam-related information for sensing and communication purposes of the transmitting BS to the SF / LMF. Then, the SF / LMF can recommend the optimal transmission beam-related information for sensing and communication purposes to the transmitting BS. Furthermore, transmission beam-related information corresponding to obstacles and environmental targets can be recommended by the serving BS to the SF / LMF, and then the SF / LMF can recommend transmission beam-related information corresponding to obstacles and environmental targets to the transmitting BS.

[0063] The serving BS can configure the optimal receive beam information for sensing and communication purposes as the receive beam for sensing and communication via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH. In some embodiments, the serving BS can configure the optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing and communication purposes for the receiving UE via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH. Alternatively, the serving BS reports the optimal receive beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the SF / LMF. The SF / LMF can then provide the optimal receive beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the receiving UE in an assistance data message or a measurement / location request message. In some embodiments, the serving BS can report the optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing and communication purposes to the SF / LMF. The SF / LMF can then provide the optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing and communication purposes to the receiving UE in an assistance data message or a measurement / location request message.

[0064] ○ Figure 3 and Figure 4 An example of the process for determining and configuring one or more optimal Tx and Rx beam pairs is shown.

[0065] • When beam-level measurement results are reported to the SF / LMF, the SF / LMF can determine one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes based on the received beam-level measurement results, wherein the RS is transmitted by the transmitting BS, reflected by the sensing target, and received by the receiving UE. In other words, one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link from the transmitting BS to the sensing target and then to the receiving UE. Furthermore, the SF / LMF determines one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes based on the received beam-level measurement results, wherein the RS is transmitted by the transmitting BS and directly received by the receiving UE. In other words, one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link between the transmitting BS and the receiving UE. Additionally, the SF / LMF can determine transmit and receive beam pairs corresponding to obstacles or environmental targets.

[0066] ○ The SF / LMF can recommend optimal transmit beam information to the transmitting BS for sensing and communication purposes. Furthermore, the SF / LMF can recommend transmit beam information corresponding to obstacles and environmental targets.

[0067] ○ The SF / LMF can provide the receiving UE with optimal receive beam information for sensing and communication purposes in auxiliary data messages or measurement / location request messages. In some embodiments, the SF / LMF can provide the receiving UE with optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing and communication purposes in auxiliary data messages or measurement / location request messages.

[0068] ○ Figure 5 An example of the process for determining and configuring one or more optimal Tx and Rx beam pairs is shown.

[0069] When the receiving UE is capable of calculation, it can determine one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes based on received beam-level measurement results. The RS (Receiving Beam) can be transmitted by the transmitting BS, reflected by the sensing target, and received by the receiving UE. In other words, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link from the transmitting BS to the sensing target and then to the receiving UE. Additionally, the receiving UE can determine one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes based on received beam-level measurement results. The RS can be transmitted by the transmitting BS and directly received by the receiving UE. In other words, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link between the transmitting BS and the receiving UE. Furthermore, the receiving UE can determine transmit and receive beam pairs corresponding to obstacles or environmental targets.

[0070] • The receiving UE can report optimal transmission beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the serving BS via the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) / Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) / MAC. Furthermore, the receiving UE can report transmission beam information corresponding to obstacles and environmental targets to the serving BS.

[0071] ○ When the serving BS is not the transmitting BS, the serving BS can send optimal transmission beam information to the transmitting BS for sensing and communication purposes. Furthermore, the serving BS can send transmission beam information corresponding to obstacles and environmental targets to the transmitting BS.

[0072] • Alternatively, the receiving UE can report optimal transmit beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the SF / LMF. The SF / LMF then transmits this optimal transmit beam information to the transmitting BS. Furthermore, the receiving UE can report transmit beam information corresponding to obstacles and environmental targets to the SF / LMF, which in turn transmits this information to the transmitting BS. In some embodiments, the receiving UE can report optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing and communication purposes to the SF / LMF, which in turn transmits this optimal transmit and receive beam pairs to the transmitting BS. Figure 6 An example of the process for determining and configuring one or more optimal Tx and Rx beam pairs is shown.

[0073] Awareness mode with UE as the transmitting node and BS as the receiving node The receiving beam (BS) can measure the sensing beam (RS) to obtain beam-level measurement results based on multiple receiving beams.

[0074] • The receiving BS can determine one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes based on beam-level measurement results, wherein the RS is transmitted by the transmitting UE, reflected by the sensing target, and received by the receiving BS. In other words, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link from the transmitting UE to the sensing target and then to the receiving BS. Additionally, the receiving BS can determine one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes based on beam-level measurement results, wherein the RS is transmitted by the transmitting UE and directly received by the receiving BS. In other words, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link between the transmitting UE and the receiving BS. Furthermore, the receiving BS can determine transmit and receive beam pairs corresponding to obstacles or environmental targets.

[0075] The receiving BS can report optimal transmission beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the SF / LMF. The SF / LMF then recommends this optimal transmission beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the sending UE and configures it for the sending UE. Alternatively, the SF / LMF can recommend the optimal transmission beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the serving BS, which can then configure it for the sending UE.

[0076] ○ The receiving BS can report to the SF / LMF the optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes and for communication purposes.

[0077] Alternatively, if the receiving BS is not the serving BS, the receiving BS can send optimal transmission beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the serving BS via the Xn interface. The serving BS can configure the optimal transmission beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the transmitting UE via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH.

[0078] Alternatively, if the receiving BS is not the serving BS, the receiving BS may send the optimal transmit and receive beam pairs to the serving BS for sensing purposes and for communication purposes.

[0079] • Alternatively, the receiving BS can report beam-level measurement results to the SF / LMF. The SF / LMF can determine one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes based on the beam-level measurement results, where the RS is transmitted by the transmitting UE, reflected by the sensing target, and received by the receiving BS. In other words, one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link from the transmitting UE to the sensing target and then to the receiving BS. Additionally, the SF / LMF can determine one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes based on the beam-level measurement results, where the RS is transmitted by the transmitting UE and directly received by the receiving BS. In other words, one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for communication purposes describe one or more optimal transmit beams and one or more optimal receive beams for the link between the transmitting UE and the receiving BS. Furthermore, the SF / LMF can determine transmit and receive beam pairs corresponding to obstacles or environmental targets.

[0080] ○ The SF / LMF can recommend optimal receive beam information for sensing purposes and communication purposes to the receiving BS. The SF / LMF can configure optimal transmit beam information for sensing purposes and communication purposes to the transmitting UE.

[0081] Alternatively, the SF / LMF can recommend optimal receive beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the receiving BS. The SF / LMF can recommend optimal transmit beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the transmitting UE, and the serving BS can configure the optimal transmit beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the transmitting UE.

[0082] Alternatively, the SF / LMF can recommend optimal receive beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the receiving BS. The SF / LMF can send optimal transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing and communication purposes to the serving BS, which can then configure the optimal transmit beam information for sensing and communication purposes to the transmitting UE.

[0083] Example 2 of implementation: Relaxation mechanism for sensing measurement In the sensing mode where the UE acts as the receiver, in order to reduce power consumption, the UE can relax the granularity of sensing measurements based on measurement results or configuration. In this implementation example, some relaxation mechanisms for sensing measurements are provided.

[0084] Solution 1: The RRM measurement threshold can be configured to relax the measurement for assisted sensing measurements.

[0085] The receiving UE can measure SSB / CSI-RS transmitted by multiple BSs to obtain RRM measurement results. An RRM measurement threshold can be configured to determine whether the RRM measurement result is better than the threshold. If the RRM measurement result of a BS is lower than the threshold, the receiving UE may not measure the sensing RS transmitted by that BS until the RRM measurement result of that BS is greater than or equal to the RRM measurement threshold.

[0086] • The RRM measurement threshold can be: RSRP threshold, RSRQ threshold, and / or SINR threshold.

[0087] • The RRM measurement threshold can be configured by the SF / LMF, or by the serving BS via RRC / MAC CE / DCI, or pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0088] • RRM measurement results can be beam-level measurements (e.g., layer 1 measurements) and / or cell-level measurements (e.g., layer 3 measurements). When the RRM measurement result is a beam-level measurement, the RRM measurement threshold can be a beam-level threshold. When the RRM measurement result is a cell-level measurement, the RRM measurement threshold can be a cell-level threshold.

[0089] • When comparing beam-level measurement results with a threshold, the beam-level measurement results used for comparison can be: beam-level measurement results obtained by receiving beam measurements configured in auxiliary data messages or location / measurement request messages.

[0090] Solution 2: The sensing measurement threshold / sensing measurement range is configured for measurement relaxation of sensing measurements.

[0091] The receiving UE can measure the sensing RS transmitted by multiple BSs to obtain sensing measurement results. A sensing measurement threshold / range can be configured to determine whether the sensing measurement results meet that threshold / range.

[0092] • If the sensing measurement result of a BS is worse than the sensing measurement threshold, or if the sensing measurement result of the BS is not within the sensing measurement range, the receiving UE may stop measuring the sensing RS sent by the BS.

[0093] • Alternatively, if the sensing measurement result of a BS is worse than the sensing measurement threshold, or if the sensing measurement result of the BS is not within the sensing measurement range, the receiving UE may not measure the sensing RS sent by the BS for the next duration.

[0094] ○ The sensing measurement threshold can be: TOA threshold, AOA threshold, detection time threshold, distance threshold, Doppler threshold, and / or phase threshold.

[0095] ○ The sensing measurement range can be: TOA range, AOA range, detection time range, distance range, Doppler range, and / or phase range.

[0096] ○ The sensing measurement threshold / sensing measurement range can be configured by the SF / LMF, or by the serving BS via RRC / MAC CE / DCI, or pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0097] ○ When comparing beam-level sensing measurement results with thresholds / ranges, the beam-level sensing measurement results used for comparison can be: beam-level sensing measurement results obtained by receiving beam measurements configured in auxiliary data messages or location / measurement request messages.

[0098] ○ The duration of the receiving UE not measuring the perceived RS is configured by the SF / LMF, or by the serving BS via RRC / MAC CE / DCI, or is pre-configured, or is determined by the receiving UE.

[0099] ○ The duration of the receiving UE not measuring the sensing RS can be represented by the duration length.

[0100] Solution 3: Configure multiple sensing measurement ranges / multiple sensing measurement thresholds associated with the measurement granularity.

[0101] The receiving UE can measure the sensing RS transmitted by multiple BSs to obtain sensing measurement results. Multiple sensing measurement ranges / thresholds can be configured. Each sensing measurement range / threshold can be associated with a sensing measurement granularity. The sensing measurement granularity can be represented by a sensing measurement period. If the sensing measurement result of a BS falls within a sensing measurement range, the receiving UE can use the sensing measurement period associated with that sensing measurement range to measure the sensing RS transmitted by that BS.

[0102] • The mapping relationship between the sensing measurement range / sensing measurement threshold and the sensing measurement granularity can be configured by the SF / LMF, configured by the serving BS via RRC / MAC CE / DCI, pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0103] • For example, if the perception measurement result of a BS is satisfactory and falls within the perception measurement range associated with a dense perception measurement period, the receiving UE can measure the perception RS transmitted by the BS during that dense perception measurement period. If the perception measurement result of a BS is poor but falls within the perception measurement range associated with a sparse perception measurement period, the receiving UE can measure the perception RS transmitted by the BS during that sparse perception measurement period.

[0104] • When comparing beam-level sensing measurement results with range / thresholds, the beam-level sensing measurement results can be: beam-level sensing measurement results obtained by receiving beam measurements configured in auxiliary data messages or location / measurement request messages.

[0105] • The better the quality indicated by the sensing measurement range / sensing measurement threshold, the more frequent the sensing measurement cycles.

[0106] Solution 4: Configure multiple RRM measurement ranges / multiple RRM measurement thresholds associated with the measurement granularity.

[0107] The receiving UE can measure SSB / CSI-RS transmitted by multiple BSs to obtain RRM measurement results. Multiple RRM measurement ranges / multiple RRM measurement thresholds can be configured. Each RRM measurement range / RRM measurement threshold can be associated with a sensing measurement granularity. The sensing measurement granularity can be represented by a sensing measurement period. If the RRM measurement result of a BS falls within an RRM measurement range or meets an RRM measurement threshold, the receiving UE can use the sensing measurement period associated with that RRM measurement range / RRM measurement threshold to measure the sensing RS transmitted by that BS.

[0108] • The mapping relationship between RRM measurement range / RRM measurement threshold and perceived measurement granularity can be configured by SF / LMF, configured by the serving BS via RRC / MAC CE / DCI, pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0109] For example, if the RRM measurement result (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR) of an RS is large and meets an RRM measurement threshold / RRM measurement range, the receiving UE can measure the sensed RS transmitted by the BS during a dense sensing measurement period associated with that RRM measurement threshold / RRM measurement range. If the RRM measurement result (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR) of an RS is small and meets an RRM measurement threshold / RRM measurement range associated with a sparse sensing measurement period, the receiving UE can measure the sensed RS transmitted by the BS during a sparse sensing measurement period.

[0110] • When comparing beam-level RRM measurement results with range / thresholds, the beam-level RRM measurement results can be obtained by receiving beam measurements configured in auxiliary data messages or location / measurement request messages.

[0111] • The larger the RRM measurement range / RRM measurement threshold, the denser the associated sensor measurement granularity.

[0112] Implementation Example 3: Adaptive Configuration of Sensing Resources In some perception use cases, the perception task may vary depending on the perception phase. For example, in a target tracking scenario, the first perception phase may be target detection, and then target tracking may be the second perception phase. During the target detection phase, sensing resources (RS) can be sparsely transmitted and measured before one or more sensing targets are detected. When one or more sensing targets are detected, more sensing resources can be configured to improve tracking accuracy. Therefore, to reduce power consumption and improve resource utilization and perception performance, different sensing resources can be configured at different perception phases, and the receiving UE exhibits different reception behaviors at different perception phases. This implementation example provides some solutions for configuring different sensing resources at different perception phases.

[0113] Multiple sensing resources can be configured based on sensing services.

[0114] • Multiple sensing resources can be multiple sensing RS resources with associated configurations.

[0115] ○ The configuration of a sensed RS resource may include at least one or more of the following: sensed RS resource index, sensed RS resource bandwidth, sensed RS resource period, and / or a repetition factor within the sensed RS resource period.

[0116] ○ SF / LMF can recommend / send the configuration of multiple sensing RS resources to BS based on the sensing service. Alternatively, BS can (pre-)configure multiple sensing RS resources to adapt to changes in the sensing phase.

[0117] The BS can send the configuration of multiple sensing RS resources to the SF / LMF, and the SF / LMF can provide the configuration of multiple sensing RS resources to the UE in auxiliary data messages and / or location / measurement request messages. Alternatively, the serving BS can (pre-)configure the configuration of multiple sensing RS resources to the UE via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH. If the transmitting BS is not the serving BS, the transmitting BS can send the configuration of multiple sensing RS resources to the serving BS, and the serving BS can provide the configuration of the transmitting BS's multiple sensing RS resources to the UE via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH.

[0118] ■ The receiving UE can determine whether one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met based on sensing measurements. If one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met, the receiving UE can send an indicator or a (pre-)configured sensing RS resource index to the BS via the UCI / MAC CE to activate / trigger the transmission of the corresponding sensing RS resource associated with the next sensing phase. If the sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase is successfully triggered and transmitted, the BS can send an indicator or sensing RS resource index to the receiving UE to indicate that the corresponding sensing RS resource has been transmitted.

[0119] • One or more conditions for entering a new perception phase may be: the perception measurement results meet the configured event, and / or the perception measurement results meet the configured threshold / range.

[0120] ○ The event used to determine whether the perception phase has changed can be configured by the SF / LMF, configured by the BS, pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0121] ○ The threshold / range used to determine whether the perception phase has changed can be configured by the SF / LMF, configured by the BS, pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0122] ■ Alternatively, the receiving UE can determine whether one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met based on the sensing measurement results. If one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met, the receiving UE sends a request to the SF / LMF to send sensing RS resources associated with the next sensing phase. The SF / LMF can then request the BS to send the sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase. The BS can then provide the SF / LMF with a response of successful transmission of the sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase. The SF / LMF can provide the response of successful transmission of the sensing RS resources associated with the next sensing phase to the receiving UE in an auxiliary data message or a location / measurement request message.

[0123] • A request to send sensing RS resources associated with a new sensing phase may include at least one of the following: an indicator for triggering the sending of sensing RS resources associated with a new sensing phase, and / or an index of (pre-)configured sensing RS resources associated with a new sensing phase.

[0124] • A response to the transmission of a sensing RS resource associated with a new sensing phase may include at least one of the following: an indicator indicating that the sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase was successfully transmitted, and / or an index of the sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase that was successfully transmitted.

[0125] Alternatively, the receiving UE can report the sensing measurement results to the SF / LMF. The SF / LMF can then determine, based on the sensing measurement results, whether one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met. If one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met, the SF / LMF can send a request to the BS for transmitting sensing RS resources associated with the next sensing phase. The BS can then provide the SF / LMF with a response indicating successful transmission of the sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase. The SF / LMF provides the receiving UE with this response in a secondary data message or a location / measurement request message.

[0126] ■ Alternatively, the BS can configure duration-related information for each sensed RS resource to the receiving UE. The duration-related information for each sensed RS resource can be included in the configuration of the sensed RS resource.

[0127] • Information related to the duration of the perceived RS resource may include at least one or more of the following: the start time of the perceived RS resource, or the duration of the perceived RS resource.

[0128] ■ Alternatively, the BS can determine when the (pre-configured) sensing RS resources can be sent. In the case that the (pre-configured) sensing RS resources have been sent to adapt to the changed sensing phase, the BS can send an indicator to the receiving UE, or an index of the sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase that has been successfully sent.

[0129] • Multiple sensing resources can be multiple configurations of sensing RS.

[0130] ○ The configuration of the sensing RS may include at least one or more of the following: the bandwidth of the sensing RS, the period of the sensing RS, and / or the repetition factor within the period of the sensing RS.

[0131] ○ Multiple configurations of the Sensing RS can be recommended / provided to the BS by the SF / LMF based on the Sensing Service. Alternatively, multiple configurations of the Sensing RS can be (pre-)configured by the BS.

[0132] The BS can send multiple configurations of the sensing RS to the SF / LMF, and the SF / LMF can provide the multiple configurations of the sensing RS to the UE in auxiliary data messages and / or location / measurement request messages. Alternatively, the serving BS can (pre-)configure multiple configurations of the sensing RS to the UE via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH. If the transmitting BS is not the serving BS, the transmitting BS can send multiple configurations of the sensing RS to the serving BS, and the serving BS can provide the multiple configurations of the transmitting BS's sensing RS to the UE via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH.

[0133] ■ The receiving UE can determine whether one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met based on the sensing measurement results. If one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met, the receiving UE can send an indicator or a (pre-)configured configuration index of the sensing RS to the BS via UCI / MACCE to activate / trigger an update of the configuration of the sensing RS associated with the next sensing phase. If the configuration update of the sensing RS associated with the new sensing phase is successful, the BS can send an indicator or a configuration index of the sensing RS to the receiving UE to indicate that the corresponding configuration of the sensing RS has been successfully updated.

[0134] • One or more conditions for entering a new perception phase may be: the perception measurement results meet the configured event, and / or the perception measurement results meet the configured threshold / range.

[0135] ○ The event used to determine whether the perception phase has changed can be configured by the SF / LMF, configured by the BS, pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0136] ○ The threshold / range used to determine whether the perception phase has changed can be configured by the SF / LMF, configured by the BS, pre-configured, or determined by the receiving UE.

[0137] ■ Alternatively, the receiving UE can determine whether one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met based on the sensing measurement results. If one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met, the receiving UE can send a request to the SF / LMF to update the configuration of the sensing RS associated with the next sensing phase. The SF / LMF can then send a request to the BS to update the configuration of the sensing RS associated with the next sensing phase. The BS can then provide the SF / LMF with a response indicating that the configuration update of the sensing RS associated with the new sensing phase has been successfully performed. The SF / LMF can provide the receiving UE with the response indicating that the configuration update of the sensing RS associated with the next sensing phase has been successfully performed in an auxiliary data message or a location / measurement request message.

[0138] • A request to update the configuration of a sensing RS associated with a new sensing phase may include at least one of the following: an indicator that triggers the configuration update of the sensing RS associated with the new sensing phase, and / or a (pre-)configured configuration index of the sensing RS associated with the new sensing phase.

[0139] • A response to a configuration update of a sensing RS associated with a new sensing phase may include at least one of the following: an indicator indicating that a configuration update of a sensing RS associated with a new sensing phase has been successfully performed, and / or a successfully updated configuration index of the sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase.

[0140] ■ Alternatively, the receiving UE can report the sensing measurement results to the SF / LMF. The SF / LMF can then determine, based on the sensing measurement results, whether one or more conditions for entering another sensing phase are met. If the entry into another sensing phase is approved or multiple conditions are met, the SF / LMF can send a request to the BS to update the configuration of the sensing RS associated with the next sensing phase. The BS can then provide the SF / LMF with a response confirming that the configuration update of the sensing RS associated with the new sensing phase has been successfully performed. The SF / LMF can provide this response to the receiving UE in an auxiliary data message or a location / measurement request message.

[0141] ■ Alternatively, duration-related information can be included in each configuration of the sensing RS.

[0142] • Information related to the duration of the sensing RS configuration may include at least one or more of the following: the start time of the sensing RS configuration, or the duration of the sensing RS configuration.

[0143] ■ Alternatively, the BS can determine when to update the configuration of the sensing RS. If the configuration of the sensing RS has been updated to adapt to the changed sensing phase, the BS can send an indicator or an index of the updated configuration of the sensing RS associated with the new sensing phase to the receiving UE.

[0144] On the receiving UE side, the receiving UE can have different measurement behaviors at different perception stages. For example, in a target tracking scenario, the receiving UE can measure the perceived RS with a sparse measurement cycle during the target detection stage. After the receiving UE detects one or more perceived targets, the receiving UE can measure the perceived RS with a dense measurement cycle during the target tracking stage.

[0145] • The SF / LMF can configure multiple measurement periods associated with different sensing phases to the receiving UE in auxiliary data messages or location / measurement request messages. Furthermore, the SF / LMF can configure events / thresholds / ranges for determining whether the sensing phase has changed to the receiving UE in auxiliary data messages or location / measurement request messages. If the receiving UE determines that the sensing phase has changed, it can use the configured measurement periods associated with the new sensing phase to measure the sensing RS.

[0146] • Alternatively, the BS can configure multiple measurement periods associated with different sensing phases to the receiving UE via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH. Furthermore, the BS can configure events / thresholds / ranges for determining whether a sensing phase has changed to the receiving UE via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH. If the receiving UE determines that the sensing phase has changed, the receiving UE can use the configured measurement periods associated with that sensing phase to measure the sensing RS.

[0147] • Alternatively, the LMF / SF can configure the duration of sensing resources associated with multiple sensing phases to the receiving UE in an auxiliary data message or a location / measurement request message. The duration of the sensing resources may include at least one of the following: the start time of the sensing resources, and / or the duration of the sensing resources. The receiving UE can measure the sensing RS using the sensing measurement configuration associated with the sensing RS or the relevant sensing phase within the duration of the sensing RS. Alternatively, the duration of sensing resources associated with multiple sensing phases can be configured by the BS to the receiving UE via RRC / MAC / PDCCH / PDSCH.

[0148] • Alternatively, updates to sensing resources or sensing phases can be indicated to the receiving UE by the BS via DCI / MAC CE. Upon receiving the update indication, the receiving UE can adjust its sensing measurement configuration based on the new sensing resources or sensing phase. Alternatively, updates to sensing resources or sensing phases can be indicated to the receiving UE by the SF / LMF via auxiliary data messages or location / measurement request messages.

[0149] Implementation Example 4: Sensing Measurement Report In sensing mode where the UE acts as the transmitter and the BS acts as the receiver, the transmitting UE can send uplink (UL) sensing RS to the sensing target. The UL sensing RS can be reflected on the sensing target. The reflected UL sensing RS can be received by the receiving BS. Then, the receiving BS can report the UL sensing measurement results to the SF / LMF.

[0150] The receiving BS can measure and report UL sensing measurement results for multiple arrival paths of the same UL sensing RS. UL sensing measurement results can be reported by path. The format of a UL sensing measurement report for a single arrival path can be one or more of the following: • A UL sensing measurement report for an arrival path may include: Time of Arrival (TOA), Angle of Arrival (AOA), Reference Signal Received Path Power (RSRPP), Doppler shift, and / or phase correlation measurements.

[0151] • A UL perception measurement report for an arrival path may include: one TOA, multiple AOAs, one RSRPP, multiple Doppler shifts, and / or multiple phase correlation measurements.

[0152] For a single arrival path of the same UL sensing RS, measurement results can be reported for {one TOA, M AOAs, one RSRPP, N Doppler shifts and / or N phase correlation measurements}.

[0153] There is a correspondence between M AOAs and N Doppler frequency shifts. There is a correspondence between M AOAs and N phase correlation measurement results. There is a one-to-one correspondence between N Doppler frequency shifts and N phase correlation measurement results.

[0154] • M can be equal to N. In some embodiments, M may not be equal to N. When M is equal to N, there is a one-to-one correspondence between M AOAs, N Doppler shifts, and N phase correlation measurements. This means that one Doppler shift and one phase correlation measurement can correspond to one AOA. This means that one AOA, one Doppler shift, and one phase correlation measurement can correspond to one angle of arrival on the same UL sensing RS's path of arrival.

[0155] For a single arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS, multiple measurement pairs can be reported: {a TOA, an AOA, an RSRPP, a Doppler shift, and / or a phase-correlated measurement}. Each measurement pair {a TOA, an AOA, an RSRPP, a Doppler shift, and / or a phase-correlated measurement} corresponds to an angle of arrival for that arrival path.

[0156] ■ For multiple measurements of angles of arrival for the same arrival path, the TOA value in {a TOA, an AOA, a RSRPP, a Doppler shift and / or a phase correlation measurement} can be the same.

[0157] ■ For multiple measurements of angles of arrival for the same arrival path, the AOA value, Doppler shift value, and phase correlation measurement result in {one TOA, one AOA, one RSRPP, one Doppler shift and / or one phase correlation measurement result} may be different.

[0158] • In each measurement pair {one TOA, one AOA, one RSRPP, one Doppler shift, and / or one phase correlation measurement}, the AOA, Doppler shift, and phase correlation measurements are correlated. This means that the AOA, Doppler shift, and phase correlation measurements in a measurement pair can correspond to the same angle of arrival along the arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS.

[0159] ■ For multiple measurements of the same arrival path at multiple angles of arrival, the RSRPP value should be identical in {a TOA, an AOA, a RSRPP, a Doppler shift, and / or a phase correlation measurement}. This means that RSRPP can be the single power of the arrival path at all angles of arrival.

[0160] For a single arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS, measurement results can be reported for {one TOA, one RSRPP, and additional measurement results}. Additional measurement results include M AOAs, N Doppler shifts, and / or N phase-correlation measurements.

[0161] ■M AOAs and N Doppler frequency shifts can have a corresponding relationship. M AOAs and N phase correlation measurement results can have a corresponding relationship. N Doppler frequency shifts and N phase correlation measurement results can have a one-to-one correspondence.

[0162] • M can be equal to N. In some embodiments, M may not be equal to N. When M is equal to N, there can be a one-to-one correspondence between M AOAs, N Doppler shifts, and N phase correlation measurements. This means that one Doppler shift and one phase correlation measurement can correspond to one AOA. This means that one AOA, one Doppler shift, and one phase correlation measurement can correspond to one angle of arrival on the same UL sensing RS's path.

[0163] • A UL perception measurement report for an arrival path may include one TOA, multiple AOAs, multiple RSRPPs, multiple Doppler shifts, and / or multiple phase correlation measurements.

[0164] For a single arrival path of the same UL sensing RS, measurement results can be reported for {one TOA, M AOAs, M RSRPPs, N Doppler shifts and / or N phase correlation measurements}.

[0165] ■M AOAs and N Doppler frequency shifts can have a corresponding relationship. M AOAs and N phase correlation measurement results can have a corresponding relationship. N Doppler frequency shifts and N phase correlation measurement results can have a one-to-one correspondence. M AOAs and M RSRPs can have a one-to-one correspondence.

[0166] • M can be equal to N. In some embodiments, M may not be equal to N. When M is equal to N, there can be a one-to-one correspondence between M AOAs, M RSRPs, N Doppler shifts, and N phase correlation measurements. This means that one Doppler shift and one phase correlation measurement can correspond to one AOA. This means that one AOA, one RSRPP, one Doppler shift, and one phase correlation measurement can correspond to one angle of arrival on the same UL-sensing RS's path of arrival.

[0167] For a single arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS, multiple measurement pairs can be reported: {one TOA, one AOA, one RSRPP, one Doppler shift, and / or one phase-correlation measurement}. Each measurement pair {one TOA, one AOA, one RSRPP, one Doppler shift, and / or one phase-correlation measurement} can correspond to an angle of arrival for that arrival path.

[0168] ■ For multiple measurements of angles of arrival for the same arrival path, the TOA value in {a TOA, an AOA, a RSRPP, a Doppler shift and / or a phase correlation measurement} can be the same.

[0169] ■ For multiple measurements of angles of arrival for the same arrival path, the AOA value, RSRPP value, Doppler shift value, and phase correlation measurement result in {one TOA, one AOA, one RSRPP, one Doppler shift, and / or one phase correlation measurement result} may be different.

[0170] • In each measurement result pair {one TOA, one AOA, one RSRPP, one Doppler shift, and / or one phase correlation measurement result}, the AOA, RSRPP, Doppler shift, and phase correlation measurements can have a correspondence. This means that the AOA, RSRPP, Doppler shift, and phase correlation measurements in a measurement result pair can correspond to the same angle of arrival along the arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS.

[0171] For a single arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS, measurement results can be reported for {one TOA, additional measurements}. Additional measurement results may include M AOAs, M RSRPPs, N Doppler shifts, and / or N phase-correlation measurements.

[0172] ■M AOAs and N Doppler frequency shifts can have a corresponding relationship. M AOAs and N phase correlation measurement results can have a corresponding relationship. N Doppler frequency shifts and N phase correlation measurement results can have a one-to-one correspondence. M AOAs and M RSRPs can have a one-to-one correspondence.

[0173] • M can be equal to N. In some embodiments, M may not be equal to N. When M is equal to N, there can be a one-to-one correspondence between M AOAs, M RSRPs, N Doppler shifts, and N phase correlation measurements. This means that one Doppler shift and one phase correlation measurement can correspond to one AOA. This means that one AOA, one RSRPP, one Doppler shift, and one phase correlation measurement can correspond to one angle of arrival along the same UL-sensing RS path.

[0174] UL sensing measurement results can be reported to SF / LMF by the receiving BS according to the Doppler frequency shift.

[0175] • It can report measurement results in pairs {one Doppler frequency shift, multiple measurement result bundles}. Each measurement result bundle can include at least {one TOA, one AOA, and one RSRPP}.

[0176] ○ The TOA, AOA, and RSRPP in the measurement result bundle {one TOA, one AOA, one RSRPP} can correspond to the same arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS.

[0177] ○ Multiple measurement result bundles can be measured for the same arrival path under different arrival angles. Or, multiple measurement result bundles can be measured for different arrival paths.

[0178] ■ When multiple measurement result bundles are measured for the same arrival path at different arrival angles, the TOA values ​​in these measurement result bundles can be the same, and the AOA values ​​in these measurement result bundles can be different.

[0179] ■ When multiple measurement result bundles are measured for the same arrival path at different arrival angles, the RSRPP values ​​in these measurement result bundles can be the same. Alternatively, when multiple measurement result bundles are measured for the same arrival path at different arrival angles, the RSRPP values ​​in these measurement result bundles can be different.

[0180] In most sensing services, the sensed target moves and / or the channel state changes over time. Receiving nodes and / or networks can predict the channel state and the location information of the sensed target at the next sensing timestamp to obtain more accurate sensing and communication performance.

[0181] •SF / LMF can determine the motion state of the sensed target and can provide parameters of the motion state of the sensed target to the receiving node in the auxiliary data message.

[0182] ○ The parameters of the motion state of the perceived target can be parameters that reflect the transition of the motion state of the perceived target.

[0183] • The receiving node can report sensing measurement results to the SF / LMF. The SF / LMF can estimate the location information of the sensed target based on the sensing measurement results of multiple sensing timestamps, and can predict the location information of the sensed target at the next sensing timestamp. Then, for the next sensing timestamp, the SF / LMF can recommend / configure sensing resources and sensing configurations to the sending and receiving nodes.

[0184] ○ The recommended sensing resources may include at least one or more of the following: transmitting beam-related information and sensing resource configuration.

[0185] ○ The recommended / configured sensing configuration may include at least one or more of the following: the location information of the sensing target, the sensing area, and the receiving beam information.

[0186] • SF / LMF can estimate channel state and environmental target parameters based on sensing measurement results from multiple sensing timestamps, and can predict the channel state and environmental target parameters for the next sensing timestamp and the next communication timestamp. Then, SF / LMF can send the channel state-related parameters and environmental target-related parameters for the next communication timestamp to the transmitting and receiving nodes to assist in communication at the next communication timestamp.

[0187] • Alternatively, the receiving node can estimate the location information of the sensed target based on the sensing measurement results of multiple sensing timestamps, and can predict the location information of the sensed target at the next sensing timestamp. The receiving node can then report the location information of the sensed target at the current sensing timestamp and the location information of the sensed target at the next sensing timestamp to the SF / LMF. The estimated sensing timestamp can be included in the report of the estimated location information of the sensed target at the current sensing timestamp, and the predicted sensing timestamp can be included in the report of the predicted location information of the sensed target at the next sensing timestamp.

[0188] ○ The location request message sent by the SF / LMF to the receiving node may include a request for predicted location information of the sensed target in the configured future sensing timestamps. The request for predicted location information of the sensed target in the configured future sensing timestamps may be optional.

[0189] ○ When the SF / LMF receives the estimated location information report and the predicted location information report, the SF / LMF can recommend / configure the sensing resources and sensing configuration to the sending node and the receiving node for the next sensing timestamp.

[0190] • Alternatively, the receiving node can estimate the channel state and environmental target parameters based on sensing measurements from multiple sensing timestamps, and can predict the channel state and environmental target parameters for the next sensing timestamp and the next communication timestamp. Then, the receiving node can send the channel state-related parameters and environmental target-related parameters for the next communication timestamp to the sending node to assist in communication at the next communication timestamp.

[0191] Example 5 of implementation: Enhancement of existing RS configurations for sensing In communication systems, the Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) can be used for positioning, and the Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) can be used for mobility. To reduce signaling overhead, the PRS and SSB can be reused for sensing purposes; positioning measurements and SSB measurements can be used for sensing purposes.

[0192] PRS reused for perception purposes: For positioning, the PRS can be configured by the Location Management Function (LMF). PRS configuration can be done by Physical Frequency Layer (PFL), by resource set, and by resource. To achieve both positioning and sensing based on the PRS, the purpose of the PRS can be included in the PRS configuration.

[0193] • The purpose of PRS can be configured as a PFL. This means that the purpose of PRS can be added to the PFL configuration.

[0194] • Alternatively, the purpose of a PRS can be configured by resource set. This means that the purpose of a PRS can be added to the configuration of a PRS resource set.

[0195] • Alternatively, the purpose of a PRS can be configured by resource. This means that the purpose of a PRS can be added to the configuration of the PRS resource.

[0196] • PRS can be used for localization only, or for sensing only, or for both localization and sensing.

[0197] Alternatively, the PRS used for sensing can be configured separately from the PRS configured for positioning by the SF / LMF. For PRS measurement reports, the receiving node can report the purpose of the PRS measurement results in the location information message. The purpose of the PRS measurement results can be for positioning only, for sensing only, or for both positioning and sensing.

[0198] Additionally, SF / LMF can request measurement results based on specific PRS measurements used for sensing purposes in a request location information message.

[0199] • The request for location information message may include a list of PRS resources, the measurement results of which can be used for sensing.

[0200] Each PRS resource in this PRS resource list can be identified by the following items: TRP ID, PRS resource set ID, and PRS resource ID.

[0201] Alternatively, the PRS measurement results used for sensing can be reported separately by the receiving node to the SF / LMF from the PRS measurement report used for positioning.

[0202] SSBs repurposed for sensing purposes: In the SSB configuration for mobility, a bitmap can be included indicating which SSBs can be used for sensing. For example, SSB-ToMeasureForSensing can be configured. SSB-ToMeasureForSensing can be added to SSB-ConfigMobility, indicating the set of SSBs to be measured for sensing purposes during the SMTC measurement duration. SSB-ToMeasureForSensing is a bitmap. The first / leftmost bit of SSB-ToMeasureForSensing can correspond to SSB index 0. The second bit of SSB-ToMeasureForSensing can correspond to SSB index 1. A value of 0 in the bitmap SSB-ToMeasureForSensing indicates that the corresponding SSB is not measured for sensing purposes, while a value of 1 indicates that the corresponding SSB is measured for sensing purposes.

[0203] For SSB measurement reports, the receiving node can report the SSB measurement results to the serving BS. The SF / LMF can request the SSB measurement results obtained from a specific SSB measurement used for sensing purposes from the serving BS in a request for location information message.

[0204] • The request location information message may include a bitmap indicating which SSB measurements are requested for sensing.

[0205] The first / leftmost bit in this bit diagram corresponds to the measurement result of SSB index 0. The second bit corresponds to the measurement result of SSB index 1. A value of 0 in this bit diagram indicates that the measurement result of the corresponding SSB is not requested, while a value of 1 indicates that the measurement result of the corresponding SSB is requested.

[0206] Alternatively, the SF / LMF may request the SSB measurement results obtained from a specific SSB measurement for sensing purposes from the receiving UE in a request for location information message.

[0207] • The request location information message may include a bitmap indicating which SSB measurements are requested for sensing.

[0208] The first / leftmost bit in this bit diagram corresponds to the measurement result of SSB index 0. The second bit corresponds to the measurement result of SSB index 1. A value of 0 in this bit diagram indicates that the measurement result of the corresponding SSB is not requested, while a value of 1 indicates that the measurement result of the corresponding SSB is requested.

[0209] The receiving UE can report SSB measurement results to the serving BS for mobility purposes, and can also report specific SSB measurement results requested in the request location information message to the SF / LMF in the provide location information message.

[0210] In some sensing scenarios, due to the mobility of the sensed target, the transmitting and receiving nodes may change as the sensed target moves. In a sensing mode where the BS acts as the transmitter and the UE acts as the receiver, to ensure the continuity of sensing performance, the receiving node can send historical sensing measurement results / historical sensing measurement estimates of the sensed target / sense area to the new transmitting BS during cell handover operations. Alternatively, during cell handover operations, the SF / LMF can send historical sensing measurement results / historical sensing measurement estimates of the sensed target / sense area to the new transmitting BS.

[0211] It should be understood that one or more features from the above / below examples of embodiments are not limited to specific examples of embodiments, but can be combined in any way (e.g., in any priority and / or order, concurrently or otherwise).

[0212] Figure 7 A flowchart of a method 700 for adaptive resource allocation for communication-aware integration (ISAC) is shown. Method 700 can use a combination of... Figures 1 to 6This can be implemented by one or more of the components and devices described in detail herein. Generally, in some embodiments, method 700 can be performed by a network node. Depending on the embodiment, additional operations, fewer operations, or different operations may be performed in method 700. Operation of at least one aspect relates to a system, method, apparatus, or computer-readable medium.

[0213] The first network node can configure beam-related information. This beam-related information may include at least one of the following: receive beam-related information; or transmit beam-related information. One or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs may be determined by the receiving node, or by the first network node, or the second network node based on beam-level measurement results. The beam-level measurement results may include at least one of the following: beam-level measurement result; receive beam-related information corresponding to the beam-level measurement result; or transmit beam-related information corresponding to the beam-level measurement result. The transmit beam-related information may include at least one of the following: transmit beam index; spatial direction of the transmit beam; or transmit power of the transmit beam. The receive beam-related information may include at least one of the following: receive beam index; or spatial direction of the receive beam.

[0214] In some embodiments, when the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are determined by a first network node, the first network node may recommend transmit beam-related information corresponding to at least one pair of the one or more optimal pairs to the transmitting node, and recommend receive beam-related information corresponding to at least one pair of the one or more optimal pairs to the receiving node. The first network node may transmit the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs to the receiving node.

[0215] In some embodiments, where the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are determined by the receiving node, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs may be reported by the receiving node to the first network node. Transmit beam-related information corresponding to at least one of the one or more optimal pairs may be recommended by the first network node to the transmitting node.

[0216] In some embodiments, where the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are determined by a second network node, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs may be reported by the second network node to a first network node. The first network node may recommend transmit beam-related information corresponding to at least one of the one or more optimal pairs to the transmitting node. The first network node may send receive beam-related information corresponding to at least one of the one or more optimal pairs to the receiving node. The first network node may also send the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs to the receiving node.

[0217] In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may determine the granularity of relaxed sensing measurements based on measurement results or configuration. The wireless communication device may be configured as a receiving node. The wireless communication device may be configured not to measure the sensing reference signal from the transmitting node if the radio resource management (RRM) measurement result of the transmitting node is below an RRM measurement threshold. The RRM measurement threshold may be configured by the network node, pre-configured, or determined by the wireless communication device. Multiple sensing measurement thresholds / multiple sensing measurement ranges may be configured by the network node, pre-configured, or determined by the wireless communication device. Each of the multiple sensing measurement thresholds / multiple sensing measurement ranges / each sensing measurement threshold may be associated with a sensing measurement granularity. The sensing measurement granularity may be represented by a sensing measurement period.

[0218] In some embodiments, if the sensing measurement result obtained from the transmitting node falls within one of the plurality of sensing measurement ranges, the receiving node can use a sensing measurement period associated with that sensing measurement range to measure the sensing RS from the transmitting node. The mapping relationship between the sensing measurement threshold / sensing measurement range and the sensing measurement granularity can be configured by the network node, pre-configured, or determined by the wireless communication device.

[0219] In some embodiments, a wireless communication device can identify multiple sensing resources, which are configured or pre-configured for different sensing stages based on corresponding sensing services. The wireless communication device can be configured as a receiving node. The multiple sensing resources may include multiple sensing RS resource configurations. The multiple sensing resources may include multiple configurations of sensing RS. The multiple sensing RS resource configurations may include at least one of the following: a sensing RS resource index; a sensing RS resource bandwidth; a sensing RS resource period; or a repetition factor within the sensing RS resource period. The multiple sensing RS resource configurations may be recommended by a network node to a sending node.

[0220] In some embodiments, the plurality of sensing RS resource configurations may be configured or pre-configured by the transmitting node and sent to the network node by the transmitting node. The plurality of sensing RS resource configurations may be provided by the network node to the wireless communication device. When a new sensing phase is satisfied, the new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase may be requested by the wireless communication device from the network node. The new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase may be requested by the network node from the transmitting node. Successful transmission of the new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase may be responded to by the transmitting node from the network node.

[0221] In some embodiments, successful transmission of new sensing RS resources associated with a new sensing phase can be provided by a network node to a receiving node. A request for new sensing RS resources associated with a new sensing phase can include at least one of the following: an indicator for triggering the transmission of sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase; or an index of sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase. A response to the transmission of sensing RS resources associated with a new sensing phase can include at least one of the following: an indicator indicating successful transmission of sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase; or an index of sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase that was successfully transmitted. The indicator or the (pre-)configured sensing RS resource index can be sent by the receiving node to the transmitting node via uplink control information (UCI) / media access control unit (MAC CE) to trigger the transmission of the corresponding sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase. The indicator or sensing RS resource index indicating the transmission of the corresponding sensing RS resource can be sent by the transmitting node to the wireless communication device. The plurality of sensing RS resource configurations can also include duration-related information for each sensing RS resource. The duration-related information for each sensed RS resource may include at least one of the following: the start time of the sensed RS resource; or the duration of the sensed RS resource.

[0222] In some embodiments, a wireless communication device can transmit uplink (UL) sensing measurement reports along a path. The wireless communication device can be configured as a transmitting node. A UL sensing measurement report for an arrival path can include at least one of the following: a TOA; multiple AOAs; one or more RSRPPs; multiple Doppler measurements; or multiple phase-correlation measurements. A UL sensing measurement report for an arrival path of the same UL sensing RS can be a pair of measurements of any two of the following: a TOA; M AOAs; one or M RSRPPs; N Doppler measurements; and N phase-correlation measurements. The M AOAs and N Doppler measurements can each have a correspondence. When M equals N, the M AOAs, N Doppler measurements, and N phase-correlation measurements can each have a one-to-one correspondence. An AOA, a Doppler measurement, and a phase-correlation measurement can correspond to an angle of arrival for the same UL sensing RS's arrival path. When the number of RSRPPs is 1, the RSRPP can be the single power of the arrival path at all angles of arrival.

[0223] In some embodiments, when the number of RSRPPs is M, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the M RSRPPs and the M AOAs. One RSRPP can correspond to an angle of arrival (AOA) on the arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS. A UL-sensing measurement report for an arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS can include multiple pairs of measurement results from any two of the following: a TOA; an AOA; an RSRPP; a Doppler measurement result; and a phase-correlation measurement result. Each of the following pairs of measurement results can correspond to an OAA on the arrival path: a TOA; an AOA; an RSRPP; a Doppler measurement result; and a phase-correlation measurement result. The TOA values ​​in multiple pairs of measurement results from any two of the following for multiple OAAs on the same arrival path can be the same: a TOA; an AOA; an RSRPP; a Doppler measurement result; and a phase-correlation measurement result.

[0224] In some embodiments, the AOA value, Doppler measurement result, and phase correlation measurement result in multiple pairs of measurement results for multiple angles of arrival for the same arrival path may be different: one TOA; one AOA; one RSRPP; one Doppler measurement result; and one phase correlation measurement result. The AOA, Doppler measurement result, and phase correlation measurement result in a measurement result pair may correspond to the same angle of arrival for the same UL sensing RS. The RSRPP value in multiple pairs of measurement results for multiple angles of arrival for the same arrival path may be the same or different: one TOA; one AOA; one RSRPP; one Doppler measurement result; and one phase correlation measurement result.

[0225] In some embodiments, when the RSRPP values ​​are the same in multiple measurement result pairs, the RSRPP can be the single power of the arrival path at all angles of arrival. When the RSRPP values ​​are different in multiple measurement result pairs, the RSRPP and AOA in the same measurement result pair can correspond to the same angle of arrival for the arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS. A UL-sensing measurement report for an arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS can be multiple measurement result pairs {one TOA, one RSRPP, and additional measurement results}. The additional measurement results can include at least one of the following: M AOAs; N Doppler measurement results; and / or N phase-correlated measurement results.

[0226] In some embodiments, a UL sensing measurement report for an arrival path of the same UL sensing RS can be a pair of measurement results {one TOA, additional measurement results}. The additional measurement results can include at least one of the following: M AOAs; M RSRPPs; N Doppler measurement results; and / or N phase-correlation measurement results. The UL sensing measurement report can be Doppler-based. A request for predicted location information of the sensed target in a configured future sensing timestamp can be sent from a first network node to a receiving node. The position estimate of the sensed target at the current sensing timestamp and the position prediction of the sensed target at the next sensing timestamp can be reported from the receiving node to the network node. The predicted location request can include the requested predicted sensing timestamp. The location estimation report can include the estimated sensing timestamp. The location prediction report can include the predicted sensing timestamp. The channel state estimate at the current timestamp and the channel state prediction at the next timestamp can be reported from the receiving node to a second network node.

[0227] In some embodiments, the third network node may add the purpose of the PRS in the configuration of the Physical Frequency Layer (PFL), in the configuration of the Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) resource set, or in the configuration of the PRS resources. The purpose of the PRS may be configured for positioning only, sensing only, or both. The PRS used for sensing and the PRS configured for positioning may be configured separately by the third network node or the first network node.

[0228] In some embodiments, a third network node may request measurement results obtained from specific PRS measurements for sensing purposes in a request location information message. The request location information message may include a list of PRS resources whose measurement results can be used for sensing. Each PRS resource in the PRS resource list may be identified by at least one of the following: a TRP ID; a PRS resource set ID; or a PRS resource ID. The receiving node may be configured to report the purpose of the PRS measurement results in a provide location information message. The purpose of the PRS measurement results may be configured for location only, sensing only, or both.

[0229] In some embodiments, a bitmap indicating which SSBs can be used for sensing can be configured by a second network node for the receiving node in an SSB configuration for mobility. A first network node may request SSB measurement results obtained from specific SSB measurements for sensing purposes from the second network node in a request location information message. The request location information message may include a bitmap indicating which SSB measurement results are requested for sensing. The receiving node may report the specific SSB measurement results requested in the request location information message to the first network node in a provide location information message.

[0230] While various embodiments of the solution have been described above, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example only and not as limitations. Similarly, various accompanying drawings may depict exemplary architectures or configurations, provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand exemplary features and functionality of the solution. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the solution is not limited to the exemplary architectures or configurations shown, but can be implemented using various alternative architectures and configurations. Furthermore, as those skilled in the art will understand, one or more features of one embodiment may be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Therefore, the breadth and scope of this disclosure should not be limited to any of the illustrative embodiments described above.

[0231] It should also be understood that any references to elements using identifiers (such as "first" and "second") in this document generally do not restrict the number or order of these elements. Rather, these identifiers are used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing two or more elements or instances of elements. Therefore, a reference to the first element and the second element does not imply that only two elements can be used, or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

[0232] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, and symbols referenced in the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or light particles, or any combination thereof.

[0233] Those skilled in the art will also recognize that any of the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, methods, and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., digital implementation, analog implementation, or a combination of both), firmware, various forms of program or design code in conjunction with instructions (which may be referred to herein as "software" or "software module"), or any combination of these technologies. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware, and software, these components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been generally described above in terms of their functions. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software, or a combination of these technologies, depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in various ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions will not lead to a departure from the scope of this disclosure.

[0234] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, devices, components, and circuits described herein may be implemented within or executed by an integrated circuit (IC), which may include: a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, or any combination thereof. Logic blocks, modules, and circuits may also include antennas and / or transceivers for communication with various components within a network or device. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, it may be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of multiple computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a combination of multiple microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors incorporating a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration that performs the functions described herein.

[0235] If these functions are implemented in software, they can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Therefore, the steps of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. A computer-readable medium can include computer storage media and communication media, with communication media including any medium capable of transferring computer programs or code from one location to another. A storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer. For example, but not limited to, such a computer-readable medium can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage devices, disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the required program code in the form of instructions or data structures and is accessible to a computer.

[0236] In this document, as used herein, the term "module" refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements used to perform the associated functions described herein. Furthermore, for purposes of discussion, various modules are described as discrete modules; however, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the functions associated with embodiments of this solution.

[0237] Furthermore, in embodiments of this solution, memory or other storage devices, as well as communication components, may be employed. It will be understood that, for clarity, the above description has referenced various functional units and processors in embodiments of this solution. However, it will be apparent that any suitable functional distribution can be used among different functional units, processing logic elements, or domains without diminishing the effectiveness of this solution. For example, functions shown to be performed by separate processing logic elements or controllers may be performed by the same processing logic element or controller. Therefore, references to specific functional units are merely references to appropriate means of providing the described functions and do not indicate a strict logical or physical structure or organization.

[0238] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the inventive features and principles disclosed herein as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, comprising: The first network node configures beam-related information; The beam-related information includes at least one of the following: receiving beam-related information; or sending beam-related information.

2. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, One or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are determined by the receiving node or by the first or second network node based on beam-level measurement results.

3. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, wherein, The beam-level measurement result includes at least one of the following: beam-level measurement result; received beam-related information corresponding to the beam-level measurement result; or transmitted beam-related information corresponding to the beam-level measurement result.

4. The wireless communication method according to claim 3, wherein, The transmitted beam-related information includes at least one of the following: transmitted beam index; spatial direction of the transmitted beam; or transmitted power of the transmitted beam.

5. The wireless communication method according to claim 3, wherein, The received beam-related information includes at least one of the following: the received beam index; or the spatial direction of the received beam.

6. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, wherein, When the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are determined by the first network node, the method further includes: The first network node recommends the transmit beam-related information corresponding to at least one pair of the one or more optimal pairs to the transmitting node, and recommends the receive beam-related information corresponding to at least one pair of the one or more optimal pairs to the receiving node.

7. The wireless communication method according to claim 6, further comprising: The first network node sends one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs to the receiving node.

8. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, wherein, When the receiving node determines one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs, the receiving node reports the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs to the first network node.

9. The wireless communication method according to claim 8, wherein, The transmit beam information corresponding to at least one of the one or more optimal pairs is recommended to the transmit node by the first network node.

10. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, wherein, If the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are determined by the second network node, the one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs are reported by the second network node to the first network node.

11. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, further comprising: The first network node recommends the transmission beam-related information to the transmitting node, which corresponds to at least one of the one or more optimal pairs; as well as The first network node sends the received beam information corresponding to at least one of the one or more optimal pairs to the receiving node.

12. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, further comprising: The first network node sends one or more optimal transmit and receive beam pairs to the receiving node.

13. A wireless communication method, comprising: The granularity of relaxed sensing measurements is determined by the wireless communication device based on the measurement results or configuration; The wireless communication device is configured as a receiving node.

14. The wireless communication method according to claim 13, wherein, The wireless communication device is configured to not measure the sensing reference signal from the transmitting node if the radio resource management (RRM) measurement result of the transmitting node is lower than the RRM measurement threshold.

15. The wireless communication method according to claim 14, wherein, The RRM measurement threshold is configured by the network node, is pre-configured, or is determined by the wireless communication device.

16. The wireless communication method according to claim 15, wherein, The multiple sensing measurement thresholds / multiple sensing measurement ranges are configured by the network node, are pre-configured, or are determined by the wireless communication device.

17. The wireless communication method according to claim 16, wherein, Each of the plurality of sensing measurement thresholds / each of the plurality of sensing measurement ranges / each sensing measurement threshold is associated with a sensing measurement granularity.

18. The wireless communication method according to claim 17, wherein, The granularity of the sensing measurement is represented by the sensing measurement cycle.

19. The wireless communication method according to claim 18, wherein, If the sensing measurement result obtained from the transmitting node falls within one of the plurality of sensing measurement ranges, the receiving node uses the sensing measurement period associated with that sensing measurement range to measure the sensing RS from the transmitting node.

20. The wireless communication method according to claim 17, wherein, The mapping relationship between the sensing measurement threshold / sensing measurement range and the sensing measurement granularity is configured by the network node, is pre-configured, or is determined by the wireless communication device.

21. A wireless communication method, comprising: Multiple sensing resources are identified by wireless communication devices, and these multiple sensing resources are configured or pre-configured for different sensing stages based on corresponding sensing services; The wireless communication device is configured as a receiving node.

22. The wireless communication method according to claim 21, wherein, The multiple sensing resources include multiple sensing RS resource configurations.

23. The wireless communication method according to claim 21, wherein, The plurality of sensing resources include multiple configurations of sensing RS.

24. The wireless communication method according to claim 22, wherein, The plurality of sensing RS resource configurations include at least one of the following: sensing RS resource index; sensing RS resource bandwidth; sensing RS resource period; or sensing RS resource repetition factor within the sensing RS resource period.

25. The wireless communication method according to claim 24, wherein, The configuration of the multiple sensing RS resources is recommended by the network node to the sending node.

26. The wireless communication method according to claim 24, wherein, The configuration of the multiple sensing RS resources is configured or pre-configured by the sending node and sent by the sending node to the network node.

27. The wireless communication method according to claim 26, wherein, The configuration of the multiple sensing RS resources is provided by the network node to the wireless communication device.

28. The wireless communication method according to claim 27, wherein, When a new sensing phase is satisfied, the new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase are requested by the wireless communication device from the network node.

29. The wireless communication method according to claim 28, wherein, The new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase are requested by the network node from the sending node.

30. The wireless communication method according to claim 29, wherein, The successful transmission of the new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase is a response from the transmitting node to the network node.

31. The wireless communication method according to claim 30, wherein, The successful transmission of the new sensing RS resources associated with the new sensing phase is provided by the network node to the receiving node.

32. The wireless communication method according to claim 28 or 29, wherein, A request for the new sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase includes at least one of the following: an indicator for triggering the sending of the sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase; or an index of the sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase.

33. The wireless communication method according to claim 30 or 31, wherein, A response to the transmission of the sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase includes at least one of the following: an indicator indicating that the sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase was successfully transmitted; or an index of the sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase was successfully transmitted.

34. The wireless communication method according to claim 27, wherein, An indicator or a (pre-configured) sensing RS resource index is sent by the receiving node to the sending node via UCI / MAC CE to trigger the transmission of the corresponding sensing RS resource associated with the new sensing phase.

35. The wireless communication method according to claim 34, wherein, The sending node sends an indicator or index of the corresponding sensed RS resource to the wireless communication device.

36. The wireless communication method according to claim 24, wherein, The configuration of the multiple sensing RS resources also includes information related to the duration of each sensing RS resource.

37. The wireless communication method according to claim 36, wherein, The duration-related information for each sensing RS resource includes at least one of the following: the start time of the sensing RS resource; or the duration of the sensing RS resource.

38. A wireless communication method, comprising: Uplink (UL) sensing measurement reports are sent by wireless communication devices along the path; The wireless communication device is configured as a transmitting node.

39. The wireless communication method according to claim 38, wherein, The UL perception measurement report for an arrival path includes at least one of the following: a TOA; multiple AOAs; one or more RSRPPs; multiple Doppler measurements; or multiple phase-correlation measurements.

40. The wireless communication method according to claim 39, wherein, The UL sensing measurement report for one arrival path of the same UL sensing RS is a pair of measurement results of any two of the following: one TOA; M AOAs; one or M RSRPPs; N Doppler measurements; and N phase-correlation measurements.

41. The wireless communication method according to claim 40, wherein, The M AOA measurements and the N Doppler measurements have corresponding relationships.

42. The wireless communication method according to claim 41, wherein, When M equals N, the M AOAs, the N Doppler measurements, and the N phase correlation measurements each have a one-to-one correspondence.

43. The wireless communication method according to claim 40, wherein, When the number of RSRPPs is M, the M RSRPPs and the M AOAs have a one-to-one correspondence, wherein one RSRPP corresponds to an angle of arrival on the arrival path of the same UL sensing RS.

44. The wireless communication method according to claim 39, wherein, The UL sensing measurement report for an arrival path of the same UL sensing RS includes multiple pairs of measurement results of any two of the following: a TOA; an AOA; an RSRPP; a Doppler measurement result; and a phase-correlation measurement result; and wherein each pair of measurement results of any two of the following corresponds to an angle of arrival of the arrival path: a TOA; an AOA; an RSRPP; a Doppler measurement result; and a phase-correlation measurement result.

45. The wireless communication method according to claim 44, wherein, The TOA values ​​are the same in multiple pairs of measurements of any two of the following for multiple angles of arrival for the same arrival path: one TOA; one AOA; one RSRPP; one Doppler measurement; and one phase-correlated measurement.

46. ​​The wireless communication method according to claim 44, wherein, For multiple angles of arrival (AOA) measurements of any two of the following, the AOA, Doppler measurement, and phase correlation measurement differ: one TOA; one AOA; one RSRPP; one Doppler measurement; and one phase correlation measurement.

47. The wireless communication method according to claim 46, wherein, The AOA, Doppler measurement, and phase-correlation measurement in a measurement result pair correspond to the same angle of arrival along the arrival path of the same UL sensing RS.

48. The wireless communication method according to claim 44, wherein, The RSRPP values ​​in multiple pairs of measurements for any two of the following for multiple angles of arrival on the same arrival path are the same or different: one TOA; one AOA; one RSRPP; one Doppler measurement; and one phase-correlated measurement.

49. The wireless communication method according to claim 48, wherein, When the RSRPP value is the same in multiple measurement pairs, RSRPP is the single power of the arrival path at all angles of arrival.

50. The wireless communication method according to claim 48, wherein, When the RSRPP values ​​differ in multiple measurement result pairs, the RSRPP and AOA in the same measurement result pair correspond to the same angle of arrival on the arrival path of the same UL-sensing RS.

51. The wireless communication method according to claim 39, wherein, A UL sensing measurement report for a single arrival path of the same UL sensing RS consists of multiple measurement results pairs {one TOA, one RSRPP, and additional measurement results}.

52. The wireless communication method according to claim 51, wherein, The additional measurement results include at least one of the following: M AOAs; N Doppler measurements; and / or N phase-correlation measurements.

53. The wireless communication method according to claim 39, wherein, A UL sensing measurement report for a single arrival path of the same UL sensing RS consists of multiple measurement results for {one TOA, additional measurement results}.

54. The wireless communication method according to claim 53, wherein, The additional measurement results include at least one of the following: M AOAs; M RSRPPs; N Doppler measurements; and / or N phase-correlation measurements.

55. The wireless communication method according to claim 38, wherein, The UL perception measurement report is based on Doppler.

56. The wireless communication method according to claim 38, wherein, The request for the predicted location information of the perceived target in the configured future perception timestamp is sent by the first network node to the receiving node.

57. The wireless communication method according to claim 56, wherein, The estimated position of the perceived target at the current sensing timestamp and the predicted position of the perceived target at the next sensing timestamp are reported by the receiving node to the network node.

58. The wireless communication method according to claim 56, wherein, The predicted location request should include the requested predicted perception timestamp.

59. The wireless communication method according to claim 57, wherein, The location estimation report should include the estimated perception timestamp.

60. The wireless communication method according to claim 57, wherein, The location prediction report includes the predicted perception timestamps.

61. The wireless communication method according to claim 57, wherein, The channel state estimate for the current timestamp and the channel state prediction for the next timestamp are reported by the receiving node to the second network node.

62. A wireless communication method, comprising: The purpose of adding PRS by a third network node in the configuration of the Physical Frequency Layer (PFL), in the configuration of the Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) resource set, or in the configuration of PRS resources.

63. The wireless communication method according to claim 62, wherein, The PRS is configured to be used for localization only, sensing only, or both localization and sensing.

64. The wireless communication method according to claim 63, wherein, The PRS used for sensing and the PRS configured for positioning are configured separately by the third network node or the first network node.

65. The wireless communication method according to claim 62, further comprising: The third network node requests measurement results obtained from specific PRS measurements for sensing purposes in a request location information message.

66. The wireless communication method according to claim 65, wherein, The requested location information message includes a PRS resource list, and the measurement results of the PRS resources in the PRS resource list can be used for sensing.

67. The wireless communication method according to claim 66, wherein, Each PRS resource in the PRS resource list is identified by at least one of the following: TRP ID; PRS resource set ID; or PRS resource ID.

68. The wireless communication method according to claim 62, wherein, The receiving node is configured to report PRS measurement results in a location information message.

69. The wireless communication method according to claim 68, wherein, The PRS measurement results can be configured to be used for positioning only, sensing only, or both positioning and sensing.

70. A wireless communication device, the wireless communication device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein, The processor is configured to read code from the memory and implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 69.

71. A computer program product comprising computer-readable program medium code stored thereon, the code, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 69.

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