A comminution mill

Abstract

A crushing and grinding device, relating to the field of crushing and grinding technology, is used to solve the problem of easy adhesion and clogging in existing traditional grain crushing and grinding equipment. It includes a material cylinder, a motor, a reversing frame, a drive shaft, a main shaft, a reversing mechanism, a drive mechanism, and a crushing and grinding assembly. The top of the material cylinder has an opening for feeding material. The motor is located above the material cylinder and the two are fixedly connected. The first end of the reversing frame is fixedly connected to the motor shaft. The second end of the reversing frame is rotatably mounted with a drive shaft and a main shaft arranged concentrically. The reversing mechanism is located between the upper ends of the drive shaft and the main shaft, causing the drive shaft and the main shaft to rotate in opposite directions. The crushing and grinding assembly includes a housing, augers, a transmission mechanism, and crushing blades. When the two augers rotate, they act on the material in opposite directions. This invention can achieve crushing and grinding of materials, avoiding adhesion and clogging after crushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crushing and grinding technology, specifically to a crushing and grinding apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, grain grinding and milling primarily utilizes traditional equipment such as hammer mills, ball mills, and conventional shear mills. These methods have inherent limitations in particle size control, material condition, processing efficiency, and product quality. In particular, they suffer from problems such as excessively large particles in coarse grinding and easy adhesion and clogging in fine grinding. Furthermore, they are accompanied by high energy consumption, nutrient loss, and poor adaptability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a grinding and milling device that can both perform fine grinding and prevent adhesion and clogging. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a crushing and grinding device to solve the problem of easy sticking and clogging in existing traditional grain crushing and grinding equipment.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a crushing and grinding device, comprising a material cylinder, a motor, a reversing frame, a drive shaft, a main shaft, a reversing mechanism, a drive mechanism, and a crushing and grinding assembly. The top of the material cylinder has an opening for feeding materials. The motor is located above the material cylinder and the two are fixedly connected. The first end of the reversing frame is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the motor. The second end of the reversing frame is rotatably mounted with a drive shaft and a main shaft arranged concentrically. The drive shaft and the motor shaft are coplanar and intersect. The reversing mechanism is located between the upper end of the drive shaft and the upper end of the main shaft and causes the drive shaft and the main shaft to rotate. In opposite directions, when the reversing frame rotates with the motor shaft, it drives the drive shaft to rotate in the forward direction through the drive mechanism, and then drives the main shaft to rotate in the reverse direction through the reversing mechanism. The crushing and grinding assembly includes a housing, an auger, a transmission mechanism, and crushing blades. The housing is fixed at the lower end of the main shaft. The auger and the crushing blades are symmetrically arranged in pairs, and the line connecting the two augers and the line connecting the two crushing blades forms a cross shape. There is a transmission mechanism between the lower end of the drive shaft and the auger and the crushing blades. The transmission mechanism transmits the torque of the drive shaft to the auger and the crushing blades. When the two augers rotate, their action on the material is in opposite directions.

[0005] Furthermore, a sealing cap is movably provided on the top of the material cylinder, which can close or open the opening.

[0006] Furthermore, a gantry-shaped bracket is fixed on the material cylinder, and the motor is fixed on the horizontal part of the bracket.

[0007] Furthermore, the commutator has a U-shaped structure, with its first end rotatably connected to the drive shaft and its second end rotatably connected to the main shaft. The middle part of the commutator has a rotating arm, which is fixedly connected to the motor shaft, and the opening of the commutator is oriented obliquely downwards.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a bevel gear disk and a drive gear. The bevel gear disk is fixed on the horizontal part of the bracket and is concentrically arranged with the motor shaft. The drive gear is fixed on the upper end of the drive shaft and meshes with the bevel gear disk.

[0009] Furthermore, the reversing mechanism includes an upper bevel gear fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive shaft, a side bevel gear rotatably connected to the middle part of the reversing frame, and a lower bevel gear fixedly connected to the upper end of the main shaft. The upper bevel gear meshes with the side bevel gear, and the side bevel gear meshes with the lower bevel gear.

[0010] Furthermore, the main shaft passes through a rotating ball, the top of the barrel has a spherical arc hole, a portion of the rotating ball is located in the spherical arc hole, and the two form a rotating pair.

[0011] Furthermore, the auger includes multiple independent and spaced spiral blades.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a drive gear, an auger gear, and a crushing blade gear. The drive gear is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive shaft, the auger gear is fixed to the upper end of the auger, and the crushing blade gear is fixed to the upper end of the crushing blade. Both the auger gear and the crushing blade gear mesh with the drive gear. The spiral blades on the two augers rotate in opposite directions.

[0013] Furthermore, the shredder has shredding blades, the height of which is between two spaced spiral blades on the auger.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves the circulation, crushing, and grinding of materials through the high transmission ratio brought about by the drive mechanism and the superposition of the gain from the reverse motion of the auger on the material. The rotation of the crushing and grinding components relative to the material cylinder, as well as the rotation of the auger and crushing blades within the crushing and grinding components, prevents the adhesion and clogging of the crushed material. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 3 A three-dimensional assembly drawing of the motor, bevel gear disc, commutation mechanism, and crushing and grinding components; Figure 4The main assembly view of the motor, bevel gear disc, commutation mechanism and crushing and grinding components; Figure 5 This is a 3D view of the barrel; Figure 6 A 3D view of the grinding and pulverizing assembly; Figure 7 This is the front view of the crushing and grinding assembly; Figure 8 Left view of the grinding and crushing assembly; Figure 9 This is a bottom view of the crushing and grinding assembly; Figure 10 A 3D view of the grinding and pulverizing assembly after the housing has been removed; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the invention; In the diagram: 1. Material cylinder, 11. Opening, 12. Slide groove, 13. Ball arc hole, 14. Support, 2. Motor, 21. Motor shaft, 3. Drive mechanism, 31. Bevel gear disc, 32. Drive gear, 4. Reversing frame, 41. Rotating arm, 5. Reversing mechanism, 51. Drive shaft, 52. Upper bevel gear, 53. Side bevel gear, 54. Lower bevel gear, 55. Main shaft, 551. Rotating ball, 56. Drive gear, 6. Housing, 61. Base, 62. Ear plate, 7. Screwdriver, 71. Screwdriver gear, 72. Spiral blade, 8. Crusher, 81. Crusher gear, 82. Crusher blade, 9. Sealing cover. Detailed Implementation

[0016] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention includes a material cylinder 1, a motor 2, a drive mechanism 3, a reversing frame 4, a reversing mechanism 5, a housing 6, an auger 7, a crushing blade 8, and a sealing cover 9. The structure and working principle of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a crushing and grinding device of the present invention includes a material cylinder 1, a motor 2, a drive mechanism 3, a reversing frame 4, a drive shaft 51, a main shaft 55, a reversing mechanism 5, and crushing and grinding components, as shown. Figure 5 As shown, the material cylinder 1 is the basic component of this invention, used to support and install other parts. The material cylinder 1 is generally cylindrical, and its bottom can be either closed or open. When the bottom of the material cylinder 1 is open, a conveniently openable bottom is provided to facilitate the removal of material from the material cylinder 1 and the cleaning of its interior. The top of the material cylinder 1 has an opening 11 for feeding material. During the crushing and grinding process, a sealing cap 9 is movably provided on the top of the material cylinder 1 to prevent splashing of material. Specifically, as shown... Figure 5As shown, a groove 12 is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the material cylinder 1. The edge of the sealing cover 9 extends into the groove 12 and slides in connection with it. The trajectory of the sealing cover 9 relative to the groove 12 is arc-shaped. The sealing cover 9 has a fan-shaped structure with a central angle greater than 180 degrees to ensure a stable sliding connection between the sealing cover 9 and the groove 12. A handle is provided on the top of the sealing cover 9 to facilitate its movement and to open and close the opening 11. When the sealing cover 9 is opened, it is used to feed or remove materials; when the sealing cover 9 is closed, the materials can be crushed and ground.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, motor 2 is located above material cylinder 1 and the two are fixedly connected. Specifically, a gantry-shaped bracket 14 is fixed on material cylinder 1, and motor 2 is fixed on the horizontal part of bracket 14, with motor shaft 21 of motor 2 pointing vertically downwards. The first end of reversing frame 4 is fixedly connected to motor shaft 21 of motor 2, and the second end of reversing frame 4 is rotatably mounted with a drive shaft 51 and a main shaft 55 arranged concentrically inside and outside. Drive shaft 51 and motor shaft 21 are coplanar and intersecting. Specifically, reversing frame 4 has a U-shaped structure, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the first end of the commutator 4 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 51, and the second end of the commutator 4 is rotatably connected to the main shaft 55. The main shaft 55 is a hollow structure, with the lower middle end of the drive shaft 51 extending into the main shaft 55 and the bottom of the drive shaft 51 extending out of the main shaft 55. The middle part of the commutator 4 has a rotating arm 41, which is fixedly connected to the motor shaft 21, and at this time the opening of the commutator 4 is slanted downwards. After the motor 2 starts, the motor shaft 21 rotates, thereby driving the commutator 4 to rotate in the horizontal plane, and then the drive shaft 51 and the main shaft 55 rotate with the commutator 4 in the horizontal plane.

[0019] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the reversing mechanism 5 is located between the upper end of the drive shaft 51 and the upper end of the main shaft 55, and the reversing mechanism 5 is configured such that the drive shaft 51 and the main shaft 55 rotate in opposite directions. Specifically, the reversing mechanism 5 includes an upper bevel gear 52 fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive shaft 51, a side bevel gear 53 rotatably connected to the middle part of the reversing frame 4, and a lower bevel gear 54 fixedly connected to the upper end of the main shaft 55. The upper bevel gear 52 meshes with the side bevel gear 53, and the side bevel gear 53 meshes with the lower bevel gear 54. When the upper bevel gear 52 rotates, it drives the side bevel gear 53 to rotate, and the rotation of the side bevel gear 53 drives the rotation of the lower bevel gear 54. The upper bevel gear 52 and the lower bevel gear 54 are arranged in parallel, thus their rotation directions are opposite. The reversing mechanism realizes the reversal of the rotation direction of the drive shaft 51 to the rotation direction of the main shaft 55. That is, the forward rotation of the drive shaft 51, after being reversed by the reversing mechanism, causes the main shaft 55 to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0020] When the commutator 4 rotates with the motor shaft 21, it drives the rotation of the drive shaft 51 through the drive mechanism 3, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the drive mechanism 3 includes a bevel gear disk 31 and a drive gear 32. The bevel gear disk 31 is fixed on the horizontal part of the bracket 14 and is concentrically arranged with the motor shaft 21. The drive gear 32 is fixed on the upper end of the drive shaft 51 and meshes with the bevel gear disk 31. When the commutator 4 rotates with the motor shaft 21 and the rotating arm 41, it drives the drive shaft 51 to rotate in the horizontal plane, that is, the drive shaft 51 revolves in the horizontal plane. The revolution of the drive shaft 51 drives the drive gear 32 to revolve relative to the bevel gear disk 31. Since the drive gear 32 and the bevel gear disk 31 are meshed, the drive gear 32 also rotates on its own axis. The rotation of the drive gear 32 drives the rotation of the drive shaft 51. Therefore, the drive shaft 51 revolves in the horizontal plane while also rotating on its own axis. The rotation of the drive shaft 51 drives the rotation of the upper bevel gear 52, which in turn drives the rotation of the side bevel gear 53, which in turn drives the rotation of the lower bevel gear 54, which in turn drives the rotation of the main shaft 55. The rotation direction of the main shaft 55 is opposite to that of the drive shaft 51. In addition to its rotation, the main shaft 55 also revolves in the horizontal plane with the commutator 4.

[0021] like Figures 6 to 10 As shown, the grinding assembly includes a housing 6, an auger 7, a transmission mechanism, and grinding blades 8, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the housing 6 is fixed to the lower end of the main shaft 55. When the main shaft 55 revolves, it drives the housing 6 to revolve in the horizontal plane; simultaneously, the main shaft 55 rotates, driving the housing 6 to rotate synchronously. Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the auger 7 and the crushing blades 8 are symmetrically arranged in pairs, and the line connecting the two augers 7 and the line connecting the two crushing blades 8 form a cross shape. A transmission mechanism is located between the lower end of the drive shaft 51 and the augers 7 and crushing blades 8. This transmission mechanism transmits the torque of the drive shaft 51 to the augers 7 and crushing blades 8, thereby driving their rotation. The two augers 7 act on the material in opposite directions when rotating. Specifically, as... Figure 10As shown, the transmission mechanism includes a drive gear 56, an auger gear 71, and a crushing blade gear 81, all located inside the housing 6. The housing 6 is a cylindrical, hollow structure with an open bottom. A base 61 is located at the bottom of the housing 6, and the base 61 is bolted to the housing 6. The base 61 has two parallel lugs 62 at its bottom, with the auger 7 positioned between the two lugs 62. The base 61 facilitates the disassembly of the housing 6, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the transmission mechanism. The drive gear 56 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive shaft 51, the auger gear 71 is fixed to the upper end of the auger, and the crushing blade gear 81 is fixed to the upper end of the crushing blade 8. The drive gear 56 is located between the auger gear 71 and the crushing blade gear 81, both of which mesh with the drive gear 56. When the drive gear 56 rotates, it drives the auger gear 71 and the crushing blade gear 81 to rotate, and the auger gear 71 and the crushing blade gear 81 rotate in the same direction. The spiral blades 72 on the two augers 7 rotate in opposite directions, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the spiral blades 72 on the first auger 7 lift the material upwards, and the spiral blades 72 on the second auger 7 push the material downwards, so that the two augers 7 act on the material in opposite directions when they rotate.

[0022] The spiral blades 72 on the auger 7 extend into the material. When the auger 7 rotates, the spiral blades 72 lift or push the material. To achieve segmented material processing, the auger 7 includes multiple independent and spaced spiral blades 72, which individually lift or push the material. The crushing blade 8 has multiple sets of crushing blades 82, the height of which is between the spaced spiral blades 72, thus working in conjunction with the spiral blades 72 to grind the material.

[0023] Since the upper end of the main spindle 55 is rotatably connected to the reversing frame 4, and the lower end of the main spindle 55 is suspended without support, in order to ensure the stability of the main spindle 55 when rotating in the horizontal plane, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the main shaft 55 passes through a rotating ball 551, as... Figure 5 As shown, the top of the barrel 1 has a spherical arc hole 13, as... Figure 1 As shown, a portion of the rotating ball 551 is located within the spherical arc hole 13, and a revolute pair is formed between the rotating ball 551 and the spherical arc hole 13, meaning that the rotating ball 551 can rotate within the spherical arc hole 13. The rotating ball 551 provides support to the main shaft 55 from below, helping to maintain the stability of the main shaft 55 when it rotates in the horizontal plane. When the main shaft 55 revolves in the horizontal plane, the rotating ball 551 rotates on its own axis in place.

[0024] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: (1) Open the sealing cover 9 and put the material into the material cylinder 1. (2) Start the motor 2, the motor shaft 21 rotates accordingly, and then drives the reversing frame 4 to rotate in the horizontal plane, and then drives the drive gear 32, drive shaft 51 and main shaft 55 to rotate in the horizontal plane, that is, to revolve; at this time, the drive gear 32 meshes with the bevel gear disk 31, so that the drive gear 32 rotates on its own axis; the rotation of the drive gear 32 drives the rotation of the drive shaft 51, and then drives the rotation of the main shaft 55 through the reversing mechanism. (3) The crushing and grinding assembly revolves in the horizontal plane with the main shaft 55, and the crushing and grinding assembly also rotates on its own axis. At this time, the auger 7 revolves and rotates on its own axis at the same time. The auger 7 and the ear plate 62 cooperate to make the material in the material cylinder 1 move up and down in a circulating manner, and then stir the material; at this time, the crushing blade 8 revolves and rotates on its own axis at the same time. The crushing blade 82 on the crushing blade 8 plays the role of crushing the material. The crushing blade 82 and the adjacent spiral blades 72 work together to grind the crushed material. (4) After the material is crushed and ground, open the sealing cover 9 and take out the crushed and ground material.

[0025] This invention uses a double planetary gear structure to form three different circulation ranges: large circulation, medium circulation, and small circulation, which effectively prevents the problem of easy adhesion and blockage after fine grinding of materials. (1) Large circulation: Motor 2 drives the grinding and pulverizing component to revolve around the material cylinder 1 through the reversing frame 4. (2) Medium circulation: The main shaft 55 drives the grinding and pulverizing component to rotate through the housing 6. (3) Small circulation: The drive shaft 51 drives the auger 7 to rotate through the drive gear 56 and the auger gear 71, forming a material circulation channel with the transverse channel formed by the two ear plates 62 on the base 61. This invention has the function of fine grinding and pulverizing. It uses the superposition of high transmission ratio and reverse motion gain to achieve grinding of materials. (1) The drive shaft 51 drives the pulverizing blade 8 to rotate through the drive gear 56 and the pulverizing blade gear 81. The spiral blades 72 on the two augers 7 are spaced apart. The pulverizing blades 82 of the pulverizing blade 8 are located between the spaced spiral blades 72 on the auger 7 to pulverize and grind the materials, avoiding large coarse grinding particles. The rotation direction of the crushing and grinding component is opposite to that of the auger 7 and the crushing blade 8, which further enhances the crushing effect. (2) High transmission ratio: When the modules of the drive gear 32, the drive gear 56, the auger gear 71 and the crushing blade gear 81 are the same, and the number of teeth and the module of the upper bevel gear 52, the side bevel gear 53 and the lower bevel gear 54 are the same, when the motor shaft 21 rotates once, the crushing and grinding component revolves around the material cylinder 1 n times and rotates on its own n times, where: z1 is the number of teeth of the bevel gear disk 31 and z2 is the number of teeth of the drive gear 32. This invention achieves the circulation, crushing and grinding of materials by means of the high transmission ratio brought by the drive mechanism and the superposition of the reverse motion gain of the auger on the material. By the revolution of the crushing and grinding component relative to the material cylinder and the rotation of the auger and the crushing blade in the crushing and grinding component, the adhesion and blockage of the crushed material are avoided.

Claims

1. A crushing and grinding device, characterized in that, The device includes a material cylinder, a motor, a reversing frame, a drive shaft, a main shaft, a reversing mechanism, a drive mechanism, and a crushing and grinding assembly. The top of the material cylinder has an opening for feeding material. The motor is located above the material cylinder and the two are fixedly connected. The first end of the reversing frame is fixedly connected to the motor shaft. The second end of the reversing frame is rotatably mounted with a drive shaft and a main shaft that are concentrically arranged inside and outside. The drive shaft and the motor shaft are coplanar and intersect. The reversing mechanism is located between the upper end of the drive shaft and the upper end of the main shaft, causing the drive shaft and the main shaft to rotate in opposite directions. The reversing frame follows the motor shaft... During rotation, the drive mechanism drives the drive shaft to rotate in the forward direction, and then the reversing mechanism drives the main shaft to rotate in the reverse direction. The crushing and grinding assembly includes a housing, an auger, a transmission mechanism, and crushing blades. The housing is fixed to the lower end of the main shaft. The auger and the crushing blades are arranged symmetrically in pairs, and the line connecting the two augers and the line connecting the two crushing blades forms a cross shape. The lower end of the drive shaft has a transmission mechanism between the auger and the crushing blades. The transmission mechanism transmits the torque of the drive shaft to the auger and the crushing blades. When the two augers rotate, they act on the material in opposite directions.

2. The pulverizing and grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing cover is movably provided on the top of the material cylinder, which can close or open the opening.

3. The pulverizing and grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gantry-shaped bracket is fixed on the material cylinder, and the motor is fixed on the horizontal part of the bracket.

4. The pulverizing and grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The commutator has a U-shaped structure. The first end of the commutator is rotatably connected to the drive shaft, and the second end of the commutator is rotatably connected to the main shaft. The middle part of the commutator has a rotating arm, which is fixedly connected to the motor shaft, and the opening of the commutator is oriented diagonally downward.

5. A pulverizing and grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a bevel gear disk and a drive gear. The bevel gear disk is fixed on the horizontal part of the bracket and is concentric with the motor shaft. The drive gear is fixed on the upper end of the drive shaft and meshes with the bevel gear disk.

6. A pulverizing and grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reversing mechanism includes an upper bevel gear fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive shaft, a side bevel gear rotatably connected to the middle part of the reversing frame, and a lower bevel gear fixedly connected to the upper end of the main shaft. The upper bevel gear meshes with the side bevel gear, and the side bevel gear meshes with the lower bevel gear.

7. The pulverizing and grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft passes through a rotating ball, and the top of the barrel has a spherical arc hole. A portion of the rotating ball is located in the spherical arc hole, and the two form a rotating pair.

8. A crushing and grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auger comprises multiple independent and spaced spiral blades.

9. A pulverizing and grinding device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a drive gear, an auger gear, and a crushing blade gear. The drive gear is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive shaft. The auger gear is fixed to the upper end of the auger, and the crushing blade gear is fixed to the upper end of the crushing blade. Both the auger gear and the crushing blade gear mesh with the drive gear. The spiral blades on the two augers rotate in opposite directions.

10. A pulverizing and grinding apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The shredder has shredding blades, the height of which is between two spaced spiral blades on the auger.

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