A brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device

Abstract

The application discloses a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device, and relates to the technical field of stamping forming devices, which comprises an upper die and a lower die, the upper die comprises an upper die plate, a fixed plate, a mounting plate and a bottom plate, the upper die plate, the fixed plate and the mounting plate are sequentially connected, and the bottom plate is elastically and slidably connected to the upper die, the elastic floating structure of the cooling jacket, the spiral layered flow channel structure, the concave micro flow channel structure, the air cavity injection structure and the automatic oil supply lubricating structure are organically integrated and cooperatively matched, multi-level and multi-dimensional structural innovation and functional integration are achieved, the cooling and lubricating effects of the blanking die during the brake pad steel back composite stamping forming process are comprehensively improved, a close cooperative relationship is formed among the technical means, the strict working condition requirements of thick plate high-strength continuous stamping can be met, the service life of the die is remarkably prolonged, and the stamping precision and the production efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of stamping forming equipment, specifically, it relates to a composite stamping forming device for brake pad steel backing. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical safety component in automotive braking systems, the manufacturing quality of brake pads' steel backing plates directly impacts the stability and safety of braking performance. In the production process of brake pad steel backing plates, composite stamping is a crucial step, typically involving the machining of holes and the blanking of thicker steel plates. Due to the substantial thickness of the brake pad steel backing plates (usually 9mm or more) and their high material strength, the die system faces extremely demanding operating conditions during high-speed continuous blanking operations.

[0003] In existing brake pad backplate stamping die structures, the punch used for blanking the backplate is the core component that directly bears the load and generates heat. During the blanking process, the punch cutting edge undergoes intense plastic deformation friction with the sheet metal, instantly generating a large amount of cutting heat; simultaneously, the punch performs high-frequency reciprocating motion within the guide sleeve or fixed plate, resulting in significant mechanical frictional heat between the mating surfaces. This superposition of dual heat sources causes the punch temperature to rise sharply.

[0004] However, existing mold cooling and lubrication technologies have the following significant drawbacks: 1. Traditional cooling methods often involve creating straight-through water channels or simple surrounding flow channels outside the mold. For thick plate punching, heat is mainly concentrated at the cutting edge of the punch and in the near-cutting area. However, the external water channels are far from the heat source, resulting in a long heat conduction path and delayed cooling. In addition, simple flow channel designs can easily create fluid dead zones, causing uneven heating of the punch, resulting in thermal stress concentration, which can easily lead to punch chipping or thermal fatigue cracks.

[0005] 2. To ensure smooth sliding of the punch within the guide hole, lubricating oil is usually injected to reduce friction. However, at high temperatures, the lubricating oil is prone to carbonization and coking, not only losing its lubricating effect but also adhering to the punch surface to form a heat insulation layer, hindering heat conduction to the mold base and exacerbating the temperature rise of the punch. If lubrication is reduced for cooling, it will lead to dry friction on the mating surfaces, accelerating mold wear and even causing "seizing".

[0006] Secondly, for example, the invention patent with announcement number CN111804787B discloses a high-speed stamping die with a cooling structure, including an upper template, a cooling device, a detection device, and a collection device. The top of the upper template is fixedly connected to a hydraulic mechanism, the bottom surface of the upper template is fixedly connected to a buffer mechanism, the center of the bottom surface of the upper template is fixedly connected to a multi-stage electric telescopic rod, the bottom surface of the multi-stage electric telescopic rod is slidably connected to a punch, the bottom outer end of the buffer mechanism is fixedly connected to a middle template, and the outside of the punch is provided with a cooling device. In this invention, through the setting of a liquid nitrogen tank, a heat-conducting sleeve, and a fixed box, this setting, combined with the connection between the fixed box and the water pump and the connecting pipe, the sliding connection between the heat-conducting sleeve and the liquid nitrogen tank and the punch, and the connection between the connecting pipe and the cooling box, can quickly cool down the punch of the high-speed stamping die when using the device, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of accelerated punch wear caused by high temperature and extending the service life of the punch.

[0007] While this existing technology achieves rapid cooling of the punch through an external cooling structure, effectively alleviating the problem of high-temperature wear of the punch during high-speed stamping and improving the service life of the mold to some extent, the overall cooling solution has obvious limitations. It relies solely on a single liquid nitrogen circulation heat conduction method for heat dissipation, and its cooling mode and cooling adjustment capabilities are relatively simple, making it unsuitable for the complex working conditions of high-intensity continuous stamping of thick brake pads. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming apparatus to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device, including an upper mold and a lower mold, wherein the upper mold includes an upper template, a fixed plate, a mounting plate, and a bottom plate, the upper template, the fixed plate, and the mounting plate are connected in sequence, and the bottom plate is elastically slidably connected to the upper mold, and further includes: a blanking die, mounted on the fixed plate; a floating cavity, formed on the bottom plate; and a cooling sleeve, elastically slidably connected to the floating cavity, wherein the blanking die passes through the cooling sleeve, and the cooling sleeve is respectively provided with a flow cavity one, a flow cavity two, and a flow cavity three, and the three... The flow cavities are interconnected to form a spiral upward cooling medium flow path; several concave microchannels are formed on the inner wall of the cooling jacket, which penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling jacket and form an encircling upward ventilation cooling mechanism with the spiral upward cooling medium flow path; when the lower mold is away from the upper mold, there is a gap between the bottom plate and the mounting plate, and an air cavity is formed between the bottom of the cooling jacket and the floating cavity, and a spray outlet layer is formed between the air cavity and the cutting edge of the punching die; when the lower mold and the upper mold are in contact, the cooling jacket and the mounting plate abut against each other and slide into the floating cavity, sealing the air cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the cooling jacket includes an outer shell, in which a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer are fixedly connected respectively. A first flow cavity is located between the first layer and the outer shell, a second flow cavity is located between the first and second layers, and a third flow cavity is located between the second and third layers. Each of the first, second, and third flow cavities is fixedly connected with a partition, and the partitions are staggered. The first and second layers have through holes on one side of the partitions.

[0011] Preferably, the base plate has a mounting cavity, the mounting cavity has a positioning hole, a guide post is installed in the positioning hole, the outer shell is slidably connected to the guide post, and a spring is sleeved on the guide post, the spring being located between the mounting cavity and the outer shell.

[0012] Preferably, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are fixedly connected to the outer shell, the inlet pipe is connected to the flow cavity one, the outlet pipe is connected to the flow cavity three, and two movable cavities are respectively opened on the bottom plate, with the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe located in the corresponding movable cavities.

[0013] Preferably, an air inlet pipe is provided on the base plate, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the air chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the mounting plate is provided with oil outlet micro-holes, the openings of which face the concave microchannel between the cooling sleeve and the punching die.

[0015] Preferably, a coil is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting plate, and the oil outlet micro-holes are formed on the coil.

[0016] Preferably, an oil pump pipe is installed on the coil, and a proximity switch is provided on the upper mold for detecting the relative position of the base plate and the mounting plate. The proximity switch is electrically connected to the oil pump pipe. When the base plate moves closer to the mounting plate, the proximity switch outputs an electrical signal to control the oil pump pipe to deliver oil into the coil.

[0017] Furthermore, a one-way valve is installed on the outer wall near the lower part of the cooling jacket. The one-way valve is connected to the cooling jacket. When the base plate is pushed upward by the lower mold, the cooling jacket slides into the floating cavity, so that the one-way valve corresponds to the air inlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is filled with air into the cooling jacket through the one-way valve, so that the cooling medium in the cooling jacket forms a gas-phase mixed cooling medium.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: 1. This brake pad steel-back composite stamping forming device, through the cooperation of layer one, layer two, layer three and the staggered partition, enables the cooling medium to form a three-dimensional turbulent heat exchange path of "layered throttling - staggered reversal - spiral ascent" inside the cooling jacket, effectively reducing the fluid dead zone of traditional straight-through channels. At the same time, when the mold is closed, the air cavity is sealed, forcing the cooling medium to enter the cooling jacket through a one-way valve, forming a gas-liquid two-phase mixed cooling medium, improving heat exchange efficiency. When the mold is opened, the air cavity is generated, and gas is filled into the air cavity. High-pressure gas is injected at high speed along the direction of the blanking die cutting edge through the injection outlet layer, and forced air cooling is achieved by utilizing the heat absorption of airflow expansion. These three cooling mechanisms are precisely coordinated in time and complement each other in space, which significantly reduces the peak temperature in the blanking die cutting edge area compared with a single cycle cooling method, and greatly narrows the mold temperature fluctuation range throughout the entire blanking cycle, resulting in a qualitative improvement in thermal fatigue life.

[0019] 2. This brake pad steel-back composite stamping forming device directly delivers lubricating oil through micro-outlets into the area where the cooling jacket and the outer surface of the stamping die are in contact. This area is simultaneously cooled by the cooling medium in the spiral flow channel, ensuring the lubricating oil temperature remains below its flash point. This effectively prevents high-temperature carbonization and coking of the lubricating oil, guaranteeing a smooth and efficient heat transfer path between the cooling medium and the stamping die. Simultaneously, the lubricating oil film provides boundary lubrication on the die surface, significantly reducing shear friction during the stamping process and minimizing the generation of cutting heat, thus lowering the thermal load on the cooling system. This synergistic cooling-lubrication mechanism, where "cooling nourishes lubrication, and lubrication assists cooling," flattens the temperature rise curve of the stamping die, resulting in a comprehensive temperature control effect superior to the linear superposition of the effects of optimizing cooling and lubrication individually.

[0020] 3. This brake pad steel-back composite stamping forming device, through the elastic floating structure of the cooling jacket, not only achieves positional adaptation between the cooling jacket and the stamping die, but also simultaneously undertakes three functions: controlling the opening and closing of the air chamber, controlling the inflation timing of the one-way valve, and controlling the switching of the flow pattern of the cooling medium in the spiral flow channel. That is, a single sliding movement of the cooling jacket simultaneously triggers the start / stop of jet cooling, the generation / termination of the gas-liquid two-phase mixed medium, and the change of the flow state of the cooling medium in the spiral flow channel, achieving a high degree of functional integration of "one floating, multiple actions, and multiple effects coupled".

[0021] 4. This brake pad steel-back composite stamping forming device automatically detects the relative position between the base plate and the mounting plate through a proximity switch, precisely controlling the timing and amount of lubricating oil supply. Simultaneously, it automatically controls the timing of compressed gas injection using the sliding position of the cooling jacket. Combined with continuous air supply from the air inlet pipe and the opening and closing control of the air chamber, it forms a fully automated control strategy: "pre-mold purging → gas-liquid two-phase enhanced cooling + lubricating oil film formation during mold closing → spiral liquid cooling coating during stamping → jet purging cooling after mold opening." Each cooling and lubrication method is precisely coordinated according to the stamping cycle sequence, resulting in a high degree of automation. It eliminates the need for additional complex control valves and actuators, ensuring high reliability and suitability for high-speed continuous stamping operations.

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower molds of a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet pipe of a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the base plate away from the mounting plate; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the base plate and the mounting plate. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the upper template, fixing plate, mounting plate, and bottom plate of the brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a blanking die for a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device. Figure 1 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the floating cavity, mounting cavity, and positioning hole of a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sheet metal structure of a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the concave hole area 1, concave hole area 2, and blanking area of ​​a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention. Figure 12This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a blanking die for a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device. Figure 2 ; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the coil structure of a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the concave microchannel structure of a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the inlet and outlet pipes of a brake pad steel-back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the partition and through hole structure of a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the guide column of a brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device proposed in this invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Upper mold; 11. Upper template; 12. Fixing plate; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Base plate; 141. Floating cavity; 1410. Air cavity; 1411. Injection outlet layer; 1412. Mounting cavity; 1413. Positioning hole; 1414. Air inlet pipe; 142. Recessed area one; 143. Recessed area two; 144. Punching area; 15. Blanking die; 16. Coil; 161. Oil outlet micro-hole; 2. Lower the mold; 3. Cooling jacket; 30. Outer shell; 31. Sheet 1; 310. Flow cavity 1; 32. Sheet 2; 320. Flow cavity 2; 33. Sheet 3; 330. Flow cavity 3; 34. Partition; 35. Through hole; 36. Guide post; 361. Spring; 37. Inlet pipe; 370. Movable cavity; 38. Outlet pipe; 39. Concave microchannel; 4. Sheet metal. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 17 The technical solutions provided in the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0027] Example: Refer to Figures 1-17A composite stamping forming device for brake pad steel backing includes an upper mold 1 and a lower mold 2. The upper mold 1 includes an upper template 11, a fixing plate 12, a mounting plate 13, and a base plate 14. The upper template 11, fixing plate 12, and mounting plate 13 are fixedly connected from top to bottom. The base plate 14 is provided with a recessed area 142, a recessed area 143, and a punching area 144. A punching die 15 is disposed in the punching area 144. The recessed areas 142 and 143 are mainly used to punch recesses in the brake pad steel backing. The base plate 14 is connected by an elastic element. (Such as a mold spring) is slidably connected to the upper mold 1. Specifically, the base plate 14 is slidably connected to the upper template 11, the fixed plate 12, and the mounting plate 13 through multiple guide rods. One end of the guide rod extends out of the upper template 11 and is connected to the components on the hydraulic equipment through the mold spring. Therefore, when the base plate 14 moves up and is reset, the base plate 14 will be pushed down and reset by the reset of the mold spring. Thus, the base plate 14 can elastically float in the vertical direction relative to the upper template 11, the fixed plate 12, and the mounting plate 13 to provide buffering and pressing force during the mold closing process.

[0028] The stamping forming apparatus also includes a blanking die 15, which is mounted on a fixed plate 12. The lower end of the blanking die 15 passes through the mounting plate 13 and extends downward. The blanking die 15 is the core working component that directly blanks the sheet metal 4, and its lower end is formed with a cutting edge for cutting the sheet metal 4.

[0029] A floating cavity 141 is provided on the base plate 14. The floating cavity 141 is a groove structure that penetrates the upper surface of the base plate 14. A through groove matching the outer contour of the punching die 15 is also provided on the floating cavity 141. When the die is not closed, the lower end of the punching die 15 is located in the floating cavity 141 and its lower end does not extend out of the lower surface of the base plate 14.

[0030] The stamping apparatus also includes a cooling jacket 3, which is a sleeve-shaped structure fitted around the periphery of the blanking die 15. The cooling jacket 3 is elastically slidably connected to the base plate 14 within the floating cavity 141 via an elastic element. The blanking die 15 passes through the central through hole of the cooling jacket 3, and a small gap is left between the outer wall of the blanking die 15 and the inner wall of the cooling jacket 3. This gap forms part of the subsequent concave microchannel 39.

[0031] The cooling jacket 3 is provided with three flow cavities: a first flow cavity 310, a second flow cavity 320, and a third flow cavity 330. These three flow cavities are interconnected to form a spiral upward flow path for the cooling medium. Specifically, the cooling medium (such as cooling oil or cooling water) is supplied by an external cooling system and flows sequentially through the first flow cavity 310, the second flow cavity 320, and the third flow cavity 330 before finally returning to the external cooling system. Because the first flow cavity 310, the second flow cavity 320, and the third flow cavity 330 are arranged in upper and lower layers inside the cooling jacket 3, and the flow direction of the medium is guided by the staggered partition 34, the cooling medium exhibits a spiral upward flow trend throughout the cooling jacket 3. This fully covers the outer wall of the blanking die 15, achieving efficient and uniform cooling of the blanking die 15.

[0032] The inner wall of the cooling jacket 3 is provided with several concave microchannels 39. Each concave microchannel 39 is a groove structure extending axially along the inner wall surface of the cooling jacket 3, and the multiple concave microchannels 39 are evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the cooling jacket 3. The concave microchannels 39 penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling jacket 3, that is, the upper end of the concave microchannel 39 opens onto the upper end face of the cooling jacket 3, and the lower end opens onto the lower end face of the cooling jacket 3. Simultaneously, the concave microchannels 39 and the spiral upward flow path of the cooling medium form an encircling upward ventilation cooling mechanism. That is, the spiral upward flowing cooling medium exchanges heat with the outer wall of the blanking die 15 in the internal channels of the cooling jacket 3, while the gas or cooling medium in the concave microchannels 39 flows upward along the outer wall of the blanking die 15, forming a dual cooling effect of "inner wall encirclement + outer wall vertical ventilation" for the blanking die 15.

[0033] Reference Figure 4 When the lower mold 2 moves away from the upper mold 1 (i.e., in the mold-open state, meaning one punching operation is completed), the base plate 14 moves downward relative to the mounting plate 13 under the action of its mold spring, creating a gap between the base plate 14 and the mounting plate 13. Simultaneously, the cooling sleeve 3 slides upward relative to the base plate 14 under the reset action of its spring 361, forming an air cavity 1410 between the bottom of the cooling sleeve 3 and the bottom surface of the floating cavity 141. At the same time, a jet outlet layer 1411 is formed between the air cavity 1410 and the cutting edge of the punching die 15. This jet outlet layer 1411 refers to the channel layer through which gas in the air cavity 1410 is ejected outward through the gap between the cutting edge of the punching die 15 and the air cavity 1410.

[0034] Reference Figure 5When the lower mold 2 moves upward and comes into contact with the upper mold 1 (i.e., in the mold closing and punching state), the lower mold 2 pushes the base plate 14 upward relative to the mounting plate 13, so that the base plate 14 and the mounting plate 13 come into contact. At the same time, the upper end of the cooling sleeve 3 abuts against the lower surface of the mounting plate 13. Under the pressure of the mounting plate 13, the cooling sleeve 3 overcomes the elastic force of its spring 361 and slides downward relative to the base plate 14 into the floating cavity 141. The lower end of the cooling sleeve 3 approaches the bottom surface of the floating cavity 141, thereby sealing the air cavity 1410. After the air cavity 1410 is sealed, the gas in the air cavity 1410 can no longer be ejected through the injection outlet layer 1411.

[0035] Therefore, through the linkage of the above technical solutions, comprehensive and multi-mode dynamic cooling of the blanking die 15 during the blanking process is achieved, and the closed cooling during the blanking stage, the jet cooling during the unloading stage, and the spiral flow channel circulation cooling work together, resulting in a leapfrog improvement in cooling efficiency compared to the simple superposition of each mode. On the one hand, the circumferential spiral upward flow path causes the cooling medium to form a three-dimensional spiral upward heat exchange boundary layer on the surface of the blanking die 15, effectively eliminating the fluid dead zone commonly found in traditional straight flow channels, and significantly improving the heat flux; on the other hand, at the end of blanking (i.e., when the lower die 2 separates from the upper die 1), the cooling jacket 3 moves upward relative to the base plate 14, that is, the air cavity 1410 appears, and the air inlet pipe 1414 set on the base plate 14 will introduce air into the air cavity 1410. A portion of the gas is sprayed vertically upward (towards the mounting plate 13) through the concave micro-channel 39 connected to the air cavity 1410, and the outer surface of the blanking die 15 is cooled by airflow scouring, thus forming a circumferential upward ventilation cooling mechanism with the circumferential spiral upward flow path. Another portion of the gas, during mold opening and unloading, causes the base plate 14 to reset under the action of the mold spring (i.e., the base plate 14 moves away from the mounting plate 13), resulting in the "retraction" of the punching die 15 (see reference). Figure 4 At this time, another part of the gas in the air cavity 1410 will be ejected through the spray outlet layer 1411 between the blanking die 15 and the air cavity 1410. This achieves instantaneous purging and dissipation of heat accumulated in the cutting edge area, and also utilizes the heat absorption effect of airflow expansion to form forced air cooling of the cutting edge surface. This composite cooling strategy of "liquid cooling as the main method, air cooling as the auxiliary method, and staggered timing" significantly reduces the peak temperature of the cutting edge area of ​​the blanking die 15 compared to the single liquid cooling method, and greatly narrows the temperature fluctuation range of the die throughout the blanking cycle, effectively improving the thermal fatigue life. Secondly, when the die is opened, the gas in the air inlet pipe 1414 is ejected from the spray outlet layer 1411, which can also assist in the material removal and prevent the brake pad backing plate of the blanking die from adhering to the blanking die 15.

[0036] In one implementation, reference is made to Figure 4 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further optimizes the internal structure of the cooling jacket 3. The cooling jacket 3 includes an outer shell 30, which has a cylindrical structure. From top to bottom, a first layer 31, a second layer 32, and a third layer 33 are fixedly connected in the outer shell 30. The first layer 31, the second layer 32, and the third layer 33 are all annular plate structures.

[0037] Flow cavity 1 310 is located between layer 1 31 and the bottom wall of outer shell 30. Flow cavity 2 320 is located between layer 1 31 and layer 2 32. Flow cavity 330 is located between layer 2 32 and layer 33. Each of flow cavity 1 310, flow cavity 2 320, and flow cavity 330 is fixedly connected to a partition 34. The partitions 34 are staggered, and layer 1 31 and layer 2 32 have through holes 35 on one side of the partition 34. In addition, an inlet pipe 37 and an outlet pipe 38 are fixedly connected to the outer shell 30. The inlet pipe 37 is connected to flow cavity 1 310, and the outlet pipe 38 is connected to flow cavity 330. Two movable cavities 370 are respectively opened on the bottom plate 14, and the inlet pipe 37 and the outlet pipe 38 are located in the corresponding movable cavities 370. The movable cavity 370 is used to allow the liquid inlet pipe 37 and the liquid outlet pipe 38 to move when the cooling jacket 3 slides up and down. A sealing block is provided on the movable cavity 370 at the liquid outlet pipe 38 to prevent gas in the gas chamber 1410 from leaking out through the movable cavity 370.

[0038] Specifically, in the flow cavity 310, the partition 34 is connected between the bottom surface of the shelf 31 and the bottom wall of the outer casing 30, and the partition 34 is located on the left side of the inlet pipe 37 (within the left side). Figure 16 Taking a specific perspective as an example, after the cooling medium enters the first flow cavity 310, it can only flow around the cooling sleeve 3 once along one side of the baffle 34, thus forming a unidirectional flow. Similarly, the baffle 34 in the second flow cavity 320 is connected between the first layer plate 31 and the second layer plate 32, and the circumferential position of the baffle 34 is offset from that of the baffle 34 in the first flow cavity 310. The baffle 34 in the third flow cavity 330 is connected between the second layer plate 32 and the third layer plate 33, and the circumferential position of the baffle 34 is offset from that of the baffle 34 in the second flow cavity 320. Therefore, due to the arrangement of the baffle 34, the cooling medium in the first flow cavity 310 flows around the cooling sleeve 3 once, then enters the second flow cavity 320 through the through hole 35 on the first layer plate 31, flows around the cooling sleeve 3 again, and then enters the third flow cavity 330 through the through hole 35 on the second layer plate 32, thus forming a spiral upward flow path. Subsequently, the cooling medium in the flow cavity 330 flows back to the external cooling system through the outlet pipe 38.

[0039] Through the staggered arrangement of the baffles 34 and the through holes 35, the cooling medium flows unidirectionally in the circumferential direction in the flow cavities 310, 320, and 330 inside the cooling jacket 3. Furthermore, because the baffles 34 in each flow cavity are staggered circumferentially, the cooling medium forms a circumferential directional flow at the through holes 35 of the first and second baffles 31. The combined effect results in the cooling medium exhibiting a "layered, staggered, spiraling upward" flow pattern inside the cooling jacket 3. This flow pattern creates forced convection scouring between the cooling medium and the inner wall of the cooling jacket 3 and the outer wall of the punching die 15, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0040] Therefore, this technical solution, through the cooperation of layer 1 (31), layer 2 (32), layer 3 (33), and staggered partition 34, enables the cooling medium to form a three-dimensional turbulent enhanced heat transfer path of "layered throttling - staggered turning - spiral ascent" between flow cavities 1 (310), 2 (320), and 3 (330), thereby achieving uniform temperature field along the axial direction of the blanking die 15. This structural innovation of "spatial layered flow + circumferential staggered turning" makes the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the cooling jacket 3 far exceed the weighted average of the heat transfer coefficients of each single-layer flow channel under the same cooling medium flow conditions, truly realizing the leap in heat transfer performance brought about by structural synergy, and providing a strong guarantee for stable die temperature control under continuous blanking conditions of thick plates.

[0041] Reference Figure 9 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 The base plate 14 has an installation cavity 1412, the installation cavity 1412 has a positioning hole 1413, the positioning hole 1413 has a guide post 36 installed on the positioning hole 1413, the outer shell 30 is slidably connected to the guide post 36, and a spring 361 is sleeved on the guide post 36. The spring 361 is located between the installation cavity 1412 and the outer shell 30.

[0042] The guide post 36 is sleeved on the outer shell 30, and the spring 361 is sleeved on the guide post 36. Then, one end of the guide post 36 is inserted into the positioning hole 1413, and a bolt is inserted from the bottom of the base plate 14 to tighten the guide post 36 onto the base plate 14.

[0043] Among them, the guide post 36 provides precise sliding guidance for the cooling sleeve 3, ensuring the coaxiality between the cooling sleeve 3 and the punching die 15, and avoiding uneven wear or jamming between the cooling sleeve 3 and the punching die 15 during the sliding process.

[0044] In another implementation, refer to Figure 17 The guide post 36 is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom, with the thinner part inserted into the outer casing 30 from top to bottom. This further prevents the outer casing 30 from being pushed up when the air intake pipe 1414 fills the air chamber 1410. Additionally, it should be understood that, referring to... Figure 5The bottom surface of the mounting plate 13 has a sliding cavity corresponding to the top of the guide post 36, which provides movement space for the guide post 36 when the base plate 14 approaches the mounting plate 13.

[0045] In one implementation, reference is made to Figure 4 , Figure 13 The mounting plate 13 is provided with oil outlet micro-holes 161, and the openings of the oil outlet micro-holes 161 face the concave micro-channels 39 between the cooling sleeve 3 and the punching die 15.

[0046] A coil 16 is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 13. Several oil outlet micro-holes 161 are formed on the coil 16. The oil outlet micro-holes 161 correspond to the concave micro-channels 39. The diameter of the oil outlet micro-holes 161 ranges from 1 to 5 mm, and is selected according to the actual working conditions. In this embodiment, 1 mm is preferred.

[0047] Specifically, when the cooling jacket 3 is pressed down by the mounting plate 13 during the mold closing process, the upper end surface of the cooling jacket 3 is in contact with the lower surface of the mounting plate 13. At this time, the outlet of the oil outlet micro-hole 161 is exactly aligned with the upper opening of the concave microchannel 39. After the lubricating oil is discharged through the oil outlet micro-hole 161, it enters the concave microchannel 39 and permeates downward along the concave microchannel 39 under the influence of gravity and capillary action, as well as when the cooling jacket 3 slides up and down on the punching die 15, so that a lubricating oil film is formed between the outer wall of the punching die 15 and the inner wall of the cooling jacket 3.

[0048] Therefore, this technical solution achieves precise and quantitative lubrication of the sliding mating surface between the blanking die 15 and the cooling sleeve 3 by setting oil outlet microholes 161 on the mounting plate 13, and further fills the gap between the cooling sleeve 3 and the outer wall of the blanking die 15, thereby further improving the cooling effect of the cooling sleeve 3 on the blanking die 15. Specifically, on the one hand, the lubricating oil directly enters the concave microchannel 39 and flows downwards along the outer wall of the blanking die 15, effectively reducing the coefficient of friction between the blanking die 15 and the sheet metal during the stamping process, thus reducing the generation of frictional heat. On the other hand, since the lubricating oil directly enters the high-temperature area of ​​the concave microchannel 39, and this area is simultaneously subjected to strong cooling by the cooling medium, the temperature of the lubricating oil is always controlled below the flash point, effectively avoiding the problem of carbonization and coking of the lubricating oil under high-temperature conditions. This eliminates the heat insulation layer formed by lubricating oil carbonization in traditional lubrication methods, ensuring a smooth and efficient heat conduction path between the cooling medium and the blanking die 15. Meanwhile, the lubricating oil can also form a lubricating film on the surface of the blanking die 15, playing a boundary lubrication role between the blanking die 15 and the sheet metal 4, significantly reducing shear friction during the blanking process and reducing the amount of cutting heat generated. In addition, when a single blanking is completed, the base plate 14 separates from the mounting plate 13, the cooling jacket 3 moves upward, and the air cavity 1410 is generated, the gas in the air cavity 1410 enters from the inlet of the concave microchannel 39 located at the bottom of the cooling jacket 3 and sprays the gas upward, spraying up and expelling all residual lubricating oil, impurities, and heat, thus playing a self-cleaning role. At the same time, the gas passes through the concave microchannel 39 from bottom to top, which can also effectively prevent the lubricating oil on the inner wall of the cooling jacket 3 and the outer wall of the blanking die 15 from dripping downward, thereby providing a lubricating effect on the blanking die 15 while preventing a large amount of lubricating oil from contaminating the brake pad steel backing plate.

[0049] Therefore, this "cooling-lubrication synergy mechanism" achieves positive feedback between the two major functions of cooling and lubrication. The cooling medium provides a low-temperature working environment for the lubricating oil to prevent its carbonization failure, while the lubricating oil film reduces the heat load of the cooling system by reducing frictional heat generation, making the temperature rise curve of the blanking die 15 more gradual. The overall temperature control effect is far greater than the linear superposition of the effects of optimizing cooling and lubrication separately.

[0050] In one embodiment, a pump oil pipe is installed on the coil 16. One end of the pump oil pipe is connected to the annular oil supply channel of the coil 16, and the other end is connected to the lubricating oil supply pump (such as a fixed displacement gear pump or a plunger pump). The lubricating oil supply pump is controlled by a controller to start / stop and supply oil volume.

[0051] The upper mold 1 is equipped with a proximity switch for detecting the relative position of the base plate 14 and the mounting plate 13. The proximity switch is mounted on the upper mold plate 11, the fixed plate 12, or the mounting plate 13, with its detection end facing the upper surface of the base plate 14 or a detection piece fixed on the base plate 14. The proximity switch can be any one of an inductive proximity switch, a capacitive proximity switch, or a Hall effect proximity switch. The proximity switch is electrically connected to the oil pump pipe, and the output signal of the proximity switch is transmitted to the signal input terminal of the controller. The control signal output terminal of the controller is electrically connected to the drive circuit of the lubricating oil supply pump. When the base plate 14 approaches the mounting plate 13 (i.e., during the mold closing process, the base plate 14 moves upward relative to the mounting plate 13 under the push of the lower mold 2), the proximity switch detects that when the distance between the base plate 14 and the mounting plate 13 has decreased to a preset threshold, the proximity switch outputs an electrical signal to the controller. The controller controls the lubricating oil supply pump to start, delivering oil into the coil 16. The oil flows into the concave microchannel 39 through the oil outlet microhole 161 to lubricate the punching die 15. When the base plate 14 moves away from the mounting plate 13 (i.e. during the mold opening process), the proximity switch detects that the distance between the base plate 14 and the mounting plate 13 has increased to a preset threshold. When this happens, the proximity switch outputs another electrical signal to the controller, and the controller controls the lubricating oil supply pump to stop supplying oil.

[0052] Therefore, this solution uses a proximity switch to detect the relative position between the base plate 14 and the mounting plate 13 in real time, and automatically starts the lubricating oil supply during the mold closing process, realizing on-demand, timed, and quantitative lubricating oil supply. This automatic control scheme ensures that lubricating oil is supplied only during the stamping stroke of the blanking die 15 when lubrication is required, avoiding lubricating oil waste and environmental pollution caused by continuous oil supply. It also reduces the residence time of lubricating oil in high-temperature areas during non-working periods, further reducing the risk of lubricating oil carbonization. Furthermore, this automatic control scheme can automatically adjust the oil supply cycle according to the stamping frequency, achieving precise synchronization with the stamping cycle, ensuring sufficient lubrication while minimizing lubricating oil consumption (set according to actual working conditions), thus improving the automation and intelligence level of the equipment.

[0053] In one embodiment, a one-way valve is installed on the outer wall near the lower part of the cooling jacket 3. The one-way valve is connected to the cooling jacket 3. When the base plate 14 is pushed upward by the lower mold 2, the cooling jacket 3 slides into the floating cavity 141, so that the one-way valve corresponds to the air inlet pipe 1414. The air inlet pipe 1414 is filled with air into the cooling jacket 3 through the one-way valve, so that the cooling medium in the cooling jacket 3 forms a gas-phase mixed cooling medium. The one-way valve conducts unidirectionally from the outside of the cooling jacket 3 to the inside, and stops in the opposite direction.

[0054] Specifically, when the base plate 14 is pushed upward by the lower mold 2 (i.e., during the mold closing process, the lower mold 2 pushes the base plate 14 upward), the cooling jacket 3 slides relative to the base plate 14 into the floating cavity 141 due to inertia and the pressing action of the mounting plate 13. During the sliding process of the cooling jacket 3, when the one-way valve on the cooling jacket 3 moves to the position corresponding to the air inlet pipe 1414, the outlet end of the air inlet pipe 1414 aligns or connects with the inlet end of the one-way valve. At this time, the compressed gas in the air inlet pipe 1414 is injected into the internal flow channel of the cooling jacket 3 through the one-way valve, so that the cooling medium in the cooling jacket 3 forms a gas-phase mixed cooling medium (i.e., a gas-liquid two-phase flow formed by the mixing of the cooling medium and the compressed gas).

[0055] Specifically, during the mold closing process, as the cooling jacket 3 slides upward from its initial position until the one-way valve aligns with the air inlet pipe 1414, compressed gas is injected into the internal flow channel of the cooling jacket 3. This creates a large number of microbubbles within the flow channel, which mix thoroughly with the cooling medium to form a gas-liquid two-phase mixture. During the subsequent spiral upward flow of this gas-liquid mixture, the microbubbles continuously burst and regenerate within the flow channel, significantly disturbing the flow boundary layer between the cooling medium and the flow channel wall, thereby significantly improving the convective heat transfer efficiency.

[0056] As the cooling jacket 3 continues to slide upward past the air inlet pipe 1414 (i.e., in the mold-open state), the one-way valve is disengaged from the air inlet pipe 1414, and the air filling stops. At this time, the cooling medium inside the cooling jacket 3 returns to a pure liquid phase state, and the subsequent cooling cycle continues.

[0057] Therefore, this technical solution automatically injects compressed gas into the cooling medium by setting a one-way valve at the bottom of the cooling jacket 3 and utilizing the sliding action of the cooling jacket 3 during the mold closing process, forming a gas-liquid two-phase mixed cooling medium. The microbubbles in the gas-liquid two-phase flow continuously burst and regenerate within the flow channel of the cooling jacket 3, generating a strong micro-disturbance effect. This significantly reduces or even eliminates the thickness of the laminar sublayer at the flow channel wall, resulting in a leapfrog improvement in the convective heat transfer coefficient. The enhancement of convective heat transfer far exceeds that of simply increasing the liquid flow rate or simply increasing the gas flow rate. Simultaneously, this inflation process is entirely achieved through the sliding action of the cooling jacket 3 itself, eliminating the need for additional control valves and power components. The structure is simple, reliable, and inexpensive.

[0058] This invention organically integrates and coordinates the elastic floating structure, spiral layered flow channel structure, concave micro-flow channel 39 structure, air cavity 1410 spray structure, and automatic oil supply and lubrication structure of the cooling jacket 3. Through multi-level and multi-dimensional structural innovation and functional integration, it achieves a comprehensive improvement in the cooling and lubrication effect of the blanking die 15 during the composite stamping process of brake pad steel back. The various technical means form a close synergistic relationship, which can meet the harsh working conditions of high-strength continuous stamping of thick plates, significantly extend the service life of the die, and improve stamping accuracy and production efficiency.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device, comprising an upper mold (1) and a lower mold (2), wherein the upper mold (1) comprises an upper template (11), a fixing plate (12), a mounting plate (13), and a bottom plate (14), wherein the upper template (11), the fixing plate (12), and the mounting plate (13) are sequentially connected, and the bottom plate (14) is elastically slidably connected to the upper mold (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A blanking die (15) is mounted on the fixed plate (12); A floating cavity (141) is formed on the base plate (14); The cooling sleeve (3) is elastically slidably connected in the floating cavity (141). The punching die (15) passes through the cooling sleeve (3). The cooling sleeve (3) is provided with flow cavity one (310), flow cavity two (320) and flow cavity three (330) respectively. The three sets of flow cavities are connected to form a spiral upward cooling medium flow path. The inner wall of the cooling jacket (3) is provided with a number of concave microchannels (39), which penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling jacket (3) and form an encircling upward ventilation cooling mechanism with the spiral upward cooling medium flow path. When the lower mold (2) is far away from the upper mold (1), there is a gap between the base plate (14) and the mounting plate (13), and an air cavity (1410) is formed between the bottom of the cooling sleeve (3) and the floating cavity (141), and an injection outlet layer (1411) is formed between the air cavity (1410) and the cutting edge of the punching die (15). When the lower mold (2) is in contact with the upper mold (1), the cooling sleeve (3) abuts against the mounting plate (13) and slides into the floating cavity (141), sealing the air cavity (1410). The cooling jacket (3) includes an outer shell (30), in which a first layer (31), a second layer (32), and a third layer (33) are fixedly connected respectively. A first flow cavity (310) is located between the first layer (31) and the outer shell (30), a second flow cavity (320) is located between the first layer (31) and the second layer (32), and a third flow cavity (330) is located between the second layer (32) and the third layer (33). A partition (34) is fixedly connected in each of the first flow cavity (310), the second flow cavity (320), and the third flow cavity (330). The multiple partitions (34) are staggered. A through hole (35) is opened on one side of the first layer (31) and the second layer (32). The base plate (14) has an installation cavity (1412) and a positioning hole (1413) on the installation cavity (1412). A guide post (36) is installed on the positioning hole (1413). The outer shell (30) is slidably connected to the guide post (36). A spring (361) is sleeved on the guide post (36). The spring (361) is located between the installation cavity (1412) and the outer shell (30). The outer shell (30) is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe (37) and an outlet pipe (38). The inlet pipe (37) is connected to the first flow cavity (310), and the outlet pipe (38) is connected to the third flow cavity (330). The bottom plate (14) has two movable cavities (370) respectively. The inlet pipe (37) and the outlet pipe (38) are located in the corresponding movable cavities (370).

2. The brake pad steel back composite stamping forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air inlet pipe (1414) is provided on the base plate (14), and the air inlet pipe (1414) is connected to the air chamber (1410).

3. The brake pad steel backing composite stamping forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting plate (13) is provided with an oil outlet microhole (161), and the opening of the oil outlet microhole (161) faces the concave microchannel (39) between the cooling sleeve (3) and the punching die (15).

4. The brake pad steel backing composite stamping forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting plate (13) has a coil (16) installed on its bottom surface, and the oil outlet micro-hole (161) is opened on the coil (16).

5. The brake pad steel backing composite stamping forming device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The coil (16) is equipped with an oil pump pipe. The upper mold (1) is provided with a proximity switch for detecting the relative position of the base plate (14) and the mounting plate (13). The proximity switch is electrically connected to the oil pump pipe. When the base plate (14) moves closer to the mounting plate (13), the proximity switch outputs an electrical signal to control the oil pump pipe to deliver oil into the coil (16).

6. The brake pad steel backing composite stamping forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A one-way valve is installed on the outer wall near the lower part of the cooling sleeve (3). The one-way valve is connected to the cooling sleeve (3). When the bottom plate (14) is pushed upward by the lower mold (2), the cooling sleeve (3) slides into the floating cavity (141), so that the one-way valve corresponds to the air inlet pipe (1414). The air inlet pipe (1414) is filled with air into the cooling sleeve (3) by the one-way valve, so that the cooling medium in the cooling sleeve (3) forms a gas-phase mixed cooling medium.

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