Ni25 and ti6al4v composite powder material for metal additive and application thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing and its applications. The material is composed of Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, TiB2 powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder, and CeO2 powder. This composite powder material is used in laser cladding technology to manufacture surface coatings for key components, giving them superior density and improving the hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the cladding coating, thus meeting more demanding service requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing and its application, belonging to the technical field of metal powder and its manufactured products. Background Technology

[0002] Metal additive manufacturing is a technology that manufactures solid parts by depositing materials layer by layer. It can achieve near-net-shape forming of complex structural parts and is widely used in high-end fields such as aerospace, automotive industry, and medical devices. Among them, laser cladding forming, as a typical representative of additive manufacturing, is a surface modification engineering technology that can form an alloy coating with excellent properties on the substrate surface, such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance. It is widely used in the surface strengthening of key components such as aero-engine blades, turbine disks, and metallurgical rolls, as well as the repair and remanufacturing of worn or corroded parts.

[0003] Powder materials are core consumables in metal additive manufacturing. Among them, traditional nickel-based alloy powders, with their excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature resistance, and wettability, are the most researched and widely used materials in laser cladding. However, traditional nickel-based alloy coatings have relatively low hardness. To improve the hardness of traditional nickel-based alloy powders, reinforcing phases are added, but these are prone to cracking during laser cladding. This approach cannot simultaneously achieve multiple performance dimensions such as hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, making it difficult to meet more demanding service requirements.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, which is suitable for laser cladding forming technology and improves the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cladding coating to meet more demanding service requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address at least one problem in the existing technology, the present invention provides a Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing and its application. This composite powder material is used in laser cladding forming technology to manufacture surface coatings for key parts, giving it superior density and improving the hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and other multi-dimensional properties of the cladding coating to meet more demanding service requirements.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, which is composed of raw materials Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, TiB2 powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder. The mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 47.4~54.5%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 14.5~19.3%, Mg2Si powder 4.2~7.8%, TiC powder 6.5~12.9%, TiB2 powder 3.4~7.2%, Cr3C2 powder 2.6~5.8%, Y2O3 powder 1.0~2.8%, and CeO2 powder 0.6~1.5%.

[0007] Preferably, the Ni25 alloy powder has a mesh size of 250-300 mesh, and more preferably 275 mesh.

[0008] Preferably, the Ti6Al4V alloy powder has a mesh size of 300-350 mesh, and more preferably 325 mesh.

[0009] Preferably, the Mg2Si powder has a mesh size of 350-400 mesh, and more preferably 375 mesh.

[0010] Preferably, the TiC powder has a mesh size of 400-450 mesh, and more preferably 425 mesh.

[0011] Preferably, the Cr3C2 powder has a mesh size of 500-550 mesh, and more preferably 525 mesh.

[0012] Preferably, the TiB2 powder has a particle size of 2~15μm.

[0013] Preferably, the particle size of the Y2O3 powder is 0.1~0.5μm.

[0014] Preferably, the CeO2 powder has a particle size of 50~150nm.

[0015] Preferably, the sum of the mass percentages of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder is controlled to be 2.8-3.5%.

[0016] Preferably, the mass fractions of each raw material in the composite powder material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 52.2%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 18.3%, Mg2Si powder 6.2%, TiC powder 10.5%, TiB2 powder 6.2%, Cr3C2 powder 3.6%, Y2O3 powder 1.8%, and CeO2 powder 1.2%.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation process of the composite powder material involves first ultrasonically dispersing and drying Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder, then mixing them with TiB2 powder and dry ball milling to form TiB2 powder with rare earth oxide coating on the surface. Then, the powder is ball-milled and mixed evenly with Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder and Cr3C2 powder under a protective gas and vacuum dried to obtain the composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing.

[0018] Preferably, the preparation of the composite powder material is carried out through the following process: (1) Add Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to anhydrous ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 20-30 min, then distill to remove ethanol, and then vacuum dry at 60-80℃ to obtain dispersed rare earth oxide powder. (2) Mix TiB2 powder with dispersed rare earth oxide powder evenly, and ball mill for 15~25 min to make Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder evenly coat the surface of TiB2 powder to obtain TiB2 powder with surface-coated rare earth oxide. (3) Under a protective gas, Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, Cr3C2 powder and TiB2 powder coated with rare earth oxides are ball-milled for 60~90min, mixed evenly, and dried under vacuum to obtain composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing.

[0019] Preferably, the power of ultrasonic dispersion is 400~600W.

[0020] Preferably, the sum of the masses of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder is in a mass ratio of 1:3 to that of anhydrous ethanol.

[0021] Preferably, the ball milling rate in step (2) is 200~250 rpm, and the ball milling rate in step (2) is 250~300 rpm.

[0022] Preferably, the vacuum drying conditions for step (3) are: vacuum degree <5Pa, temperature 110~130℃, and time 2~3h.

[0023] Preferably, the protective gas in step (3) is an inert gas.

[0024] Preferably, the inert gas is either argon or helium with a purity of 99.999%.

[0025] This invention also provides an application of Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, used to prepare cladding coatings, the specific preparation steps of which are as follows; The surface of the metal substrate is sandblasted, wiped with alcohol and dried, and then preheated to 200~300℃. Under a protective gas, the above-mentioned composite powder material is laser clad onto the preheated metal substrate surface in layers to form a dense cladding coating.

[0026] Preferably, the thickness of the cladding coating is 0.8~2mm.

[0027] Preferably, the layered cladding conditions consist of an underlayer with a thickness of 0.3~0.5mm, an intermediate layer with a thickness of 0.3~0.6mm, and a surface layer with a thickness of 0.2~0.4mm; the laser power of the underlayer, intermediate layer, and surface layer decreases sequentially, the scanning rate increases sequentially, and the powder feeding rate decreases sequentially; Ar is blown off and preheated between each layer.

[0028] Preferably, the cladding conditions for the bottom layer are as follows: laser power of 1600~1800 W, scanning rate of 5~6 mm / s, spot diameter of 2.5~4 mm, powder feeding rate of 8~10 g / min, tower connection rate of 35~40%, Ar purging for 10 s between each layer and preheating to 200~250℃.

[0029] Preferably, the cladding conditions for the intermediate layer are as follows: laser power of 1400~1600 W, scanning rate of 7~9 mm / s, spot diameter of 2.5~4 mm, powder feeding rate of 7~8 g / min, tower connection rate of 40~45%, Ar purging for 10 s between each layer and preheating to 200~250℃.

[0030] Preferably, the cladding conditions for the surface layer are: laser power of 1200~1400 W, scanning rate of 10~12 mm / s, spot diameter of 2.5~4 mm, powder feeding rate of 6~7 g / min, and tower connection rate of 35~40%.

[0031] Preferably, the base layer consists of one or two layers; the intermediate layer consists of at least one layer; and the surface layer consists of one layer.

[0032] Preferably, the surface of the metal substrate is sandblasted to a roughness Ra of 35~60μm.

[0033] Preferably, the protective gas is an inert gas.

[0034] Preferably, the inert gas is either argon or helium with a purity of 99.999%.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The composite powder of this invention is a metal additive manufacturing powder, which can overcome the problems of low hardness and coating cracking during laser cladding of traditional nickel-based alloy coatings with added reinforcing phases. This results in a coating with superior density, while simultaneously improving hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, meeting more demanding service requirements. This invention uses Mg2Si powder, which not only synergistically enhances the hardness of the coating with TiC, but also synergistically promotes the fusion between Ni25 powder and Ti6Al4V powder with TiB2 powder and Cr3C2 powder, improving the density of the coating and thus enhancing hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. This invention also uses Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to synergistically improve the density of the coating, while simultaneously achieving dual-multiple purification with Mg2Si powder and Cr3C2 powder, further enhancing density. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the implementation of this invention. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Reagents, instruments, or components used that do not specify the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0037] This invention provides a Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, composed of Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, TiB2 powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder, and CeO2 powder. The mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 47.4~54.5%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 14.5~19.3%, Mg2Si powder 4.2~7.8%, TiC powder 6.5~12.9%, TiB2 powder 3.4~7.2%, Cr3C2 powder 2.6~5.8%, Y2O3 powder 1.0~2.8%, and CeO2 powder 0.6~1.5%.

[0038] A further advanced technical method controls the sum of the mass percentages of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to be 2.8~3.5%.

[0039] In a further technical method, the mass fraction of each raw material in the composite powder material is as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 52.2%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 18.3%, Mg2Si powder 6.2%, TiC powder 10.5%, TiB2 powder 6.2%, Cr3C2 powder 3.6%, Y2O3 powder 1.8%, and CeO2 powder 1.2%.

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for preparing Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing. The specific process is as follows: (1) Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder are added to anhydrous ethanol. The sum of the mass of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder is 1:3 with the mass ratio of anhydrous ethanol. The powder is ultrasonically dispersed for 20 to 30 minutes at a power of 400 to 600W to fully deagglomerate the particles. The ethanol is then removed by distillation and vacuum dried at a temperature of 60 to 80°C to obtain dispersed rare earth oxide powder. (2) Mix TiB2 powder with dispersed rare earth oxide powder evenly, and ball mill at 200~250 rpm for 15~25 min with a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, so that Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder are evenly coated on the surface of TiB2 powder to obtain TiB2 powder with surface-coated rare earth oxide. (3) Under a protective gas, Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, Cr3C2 powder and TiB2 powder coated with rare earth oxides are ball-milled at 250~300rpm for 60~90min with a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1. The mixture is then dried under vacuum of <5Pa and 110~130℃ for 2~3h to obtain composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing.

[0041] The protective gas is an inert gas, either argon or helium, with a purity of 99.999%.

[0042] This invention also provides an application of Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, used to prepare cladding coatings. The specific preparation steps are as follows: the surface of the metal substrate is sandblasted to a roughness Ra of 35~60μm, wiped with alcohol and dried, and then preheated to 200~300℃. Under a protective gas, the above-mentioned composite powder material is laser clad onto the preheated metal substrate surface in layers by a coaxial powder feeding laser, forming a dense cladding coating with a thickness of 0.8~2mm.

[0043] A further advanced technical method involves layered cladding conditions: consisting of a base layer with a thickness of 0.3~0.5mm, an intermediate layer with a thickness of 0.3~0.6mm, and a surface layer with a thickness of 0.2~0.4mm; the laser power of the base layer, intermediate layer, and surface layer decreases sequentially, the scanning rate increases sequentially, and the powder feeding rate decreases sequentially; Ar is blown away and preheated between each layer.

[0044] A further advanced technical method involves the following cladding conditions: For the bottom layer: laser power 1600~1800 W, scanning rate 5~6 mm / s, spot diameter 2.5~4 mm, powder feed rate 8~10 g / min, and a tower adhesion rate of 35~40%. Ar cleaning is performed for 10 seconds between each layer, followed by preheating to 200~250℃. For the middle layer: laser power 1400~1600 W, scanning rate 7~9 mm / s, spot diameter 2.5~4 mm, powder feed rate 7~8 g / min, and a tower adhesion rate of 40~45%. Ar cleaning is performed for 10 seconds between each layer, followed by preheating to 200~250℃. For the surface layer: laser power 1200~1400 W, scanning rate 10~12 mm / s, spot diameter 2.5~4 mm, powder feed rate 6~7 g / min, and a tower adhesion rate of 35~40%.

[0045] The protective gas is an inert gas, either argon or helium, with a purity of 99.999%.

[0046] The raw materials used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder, 275 mesh, sourced from Taizhou Zhonghai Machinery Co., Ltd.; Ti6Al4V alloy powder, 325 mesh, sourced from Shenzhen Micro-Nano Additive Technology Co., Ltd.; Mg2Si powder, 375 mesh, sourced from Nangong Jiuxin New Material Technology Co., Ltd.; TiC powder, 425 mesh, sourced from Shanghai Yanbei New Material Technology Co., Ltd.; Cr3C2 powder, 525 mesh, sourced from Qinghe Ruijiang Metal Materials Co., Ltd.; TiB2 powder, particle size 2~15μm, sourced from Shandong Xinbaiyi Metal Materials Co., Ltd.; Y2O3 powder, particle size 0.1~0.5μm, sourced from Beijing Jinyibo New Material Technology Co., Ltd.; CeO2 powder, particle size 50~150nm, sourced from Beijing Gaoke New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0047] Example 1 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application are disclosed. The material is composed of raw materials Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, TiB2 powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder, and CeO2 powder. The mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 52.2%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 18.3%, Mg2Si powder 6.2%, TiC powder 10.5%, TiB2 powder 6.2%, Cr3C2 powder 3.6%, Y2O3 powder 1.8%, and CeO2 powder 1.2%. The specific process for preparing this composite powder material is as follows: (1) Add Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to anhydrous ethanol. The sum of the mass of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to the mass ratio of anhydrous ethanol is 1:3. Disperse the powder under ultrasonic power of 400W for 30 minutes to fully deagglomerate the particles. Then distill to remove the ethanol and dry it under vacuum at 70℃ to obtain dispersed rare earth oxide powder. (2) Mix TiB2 powder with dispersed rare earth oxide powder evenly, and ball mill at 200 rpm for 25 min with a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, so that Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder are evenly coated on the surface of TiB2 powder to obtain TiB2 powder with surface-coated rare earth oxide. (3) Under argon (purity 99.999%), Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, Cr3C2 powder and TiB2 powder coated with rare earth oxides were ball-milled at 250 rpm for 90 min with a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1. The mixture was then dried under vacuum of <5 Pa and 120 °C for 2 h to obtain composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing. The above-mentioned composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing is used to prepare a cladding coating. The specific preparation steps are as follows: The surface of the metal substrate is sandblasted to a roughness Ra of 35~60μm, wiped with alcohol and dried, and then preheated to 200℃. Under a protective gas, the above-mentioned composite powder material is laser clad onto the preheated metal substrate surface in layers using a coaxial powder-feeding laser. First, a 0.4mm thick underlayer is clad, with a laser power of 1700 W, a scanning rate of 5.5mm / s, a spot diameter of 3mm, a powder feeding rate of 9g / min, and a deposition rate of 38%. Ar is blown away for 10s between each layer and the substrate is preheated to 200℃. One underlayer is then clad. Next, a 0.4mm thick intermediate layer is clad, with a laser power of 1500 W. The laser was set to W, with a scanning rate of 8 mm / s, a spot diameter of 3 mm, a powder feeding rate of 7.5 g / min, and a tower connection rate of 42%. Each layer was purged with Ar for 10 seconds and preheated to 200~2℃. One intermediate layer was clad, and finally, a surface layer with a thickness of 0.2 mm was clad. The cladding conditions for the surface layer were: laser power of 1300 W, scanning rate of 11 mm / s, spot diameter of 3 mm, powder feeding rate of 6.5 g / min, and tower connection rate of 38%. One surface layer was clad to form a dense cladding coating with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0048] Example 2 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application are disclosed. The material is composed of raw materials Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, TiB2 powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder, and CeO2 powder. The mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 47.4%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 19.3%, Mg2Si powder 7.8%, TiC powder 12.9%, TiB2 powder 3.4%, Cr3C2 powder 5.8%, Y2O3 powder 2.8%, and CeO2 powder 0.6%. The specific process for preparing this composite powder material is as follows: (1) Add Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to anhydrous ethanol. The sum of the mass of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to the mass ratio of anhydrous ethanol is 1:3. Disperse the powder under ultrasonic power of 500W for 25 minutes to fully deagglomerate the particles. Then distill to remove the ethanol and dry it under vacuum at 60℃ to obtain dispersed rare earth oxide powder. (2) Mix TiB2 powder with dispersed rare earth oxide powder evenly, and ball mill at 220 rpm for 20 min with a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, so that Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder are evenly coated on the surface of TiB2 powder to obtain TiB2 powder with surface-coated rare earth oxide. (3) Under argon (purity 99.999%), Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, Cr3C2 powder and TiB2 powder coated with rare earth oxides were ball-milled at 270 rpm for 80 min with a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1. The mixture was then dried under vacuum of <5 Pa and 120 °C for 2 h to obtain composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing. The above-mentioned composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing is used to prepare a cladding coating. The specific preparation steps are as follows: The surface of the metal substrate is sandblasted to a roughness Ra of 35~60μm, wiped with alcohol and dried, and then preheated to 200℃. Under a protective gas, the above-mentioned composite powder material is laser clad onto the preheated metal substrate surface in layers using a coaxial powder-feeding laser. First, a 0.5mm thick underlayer is clad, with a laser power of 1600 W, a scanning rate of 5mm / s, a spot diameter of 3mm, a powder feeding rate of 8g / min, and a condensation rate of 40%. Ar is blown away for 10s between each layer, and the substrate is preheated to 220℃. One underlayer is clad. Then, a 0.6mm thick intermediate layer is clad, with a laser power of 1400 W. The laser was set to W, with a scanning rate of 7 mm / s, a spot diameter of 3 mm, a powder feed rate of 7 g / min, and a tower connection rate of 45%. Each layer was purged with Ar for 10 seconds and preheated to 220°C. One intermediate layer was clad, and finally, a surface layer with a thickness of 0.3 mm was clad. The cladding conditions for the surface layer were: laser power of 1200 W, scanning rate of 10 mm / s, spot diameter of 3 mm, powder feed rate of 6 g / min, and tower connection rate of 40%. One surface layer was clad to form a dense cladding coating with a thickness of 1.4 mm.

[0049] Example 3 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application are disclosed. The material is composed of raw materials Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, TiB2 powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder, and CeO2 powder. The mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 54.5%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 18.8%, Mg2Si powder 6.8%, TiC powder 6.5%, TiB2 powder 7.2%, Cr3C2 powder 2.6%, Y2O3 powder 2.1%, and CeO2 powder 1.5%. The specific process for preparing this composite powder material is as follows: (1) Add Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to anhydrous ethanol. The sum of the mass of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to the mass ratio of anhydrous ethanol is 1:3. Disperse the powder under ultrasonic power of 500W for 25 minutes to fully deagglomerate the particles. Then distill to remove the ethanol and dry it under vacuum at 60℃ to obtain dispersed rare earth oxide powder. (2) Mix TiB2 powder with dispersed rare earth oxide powder evenly, and ball mill at 250 rpm for 15 min with a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, so that Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder are evenly coated on the surface of TiB2 powder to obtain TiB2 powder with surface-coated rare earth oxide. (3) Under argon (purity 99.999%), Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, Cr3C2 powder and TiB2 powder coated with rare earth oxides were ball-milled at 300 rpm for 60 min with a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1. The mixture was then dried under vacuum of <5 Pa and 120 °C for 2 h to obtain composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing. The above-mentioned composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing is used to prepare a cladding coating. The specific preparation steps are as follows: The surface of the metal substrate is sandblasted to a roughness Ra of 35~60μm, wiped with alcohol and dried, and then preheated to 200℃. Under a protective gas, the above-mentioned composite powder material is laser clad onto the preheated metal substrate surface in layers using a coaxial powder-feeding laser. First, a 0.3mm thick underlayer is clad, with a laser power of 1800 W, a scanning rate of 6mm / s, a spot diameter of 3mm, a powder feeding rate of 10g / min, and a deposition rate of 35%. Ar is blown away for 10s between each layer and the substrate is preheated to 250℃. Two underlayer layers are clad. Then, a 0.5mm thick intermediate layer is clad, with a laser power of 1600 W. The laser was operated with a scanning rate of 9 mm / s, a spot diameter of 3 mm, a powder feed rate of 8 g / min, and a tower connection rate of 40%. Each layer was purged with Ar for 10 seconds and preheated to 250°C. Two intermediate layers were clad, and finally, a surface layer with a thickness of 0.4 mm was clad. The cladding conditions for the surface layer were: laser power of 1300 W, scanning rate of 12 mm / s, spot diameter of 3 mm, powder feed rate of 7 g / min, and tower connection rate of 35%. One surface layer was clad to form a dense cladding coating with a thickness of 2 mm.

[0050] Example 4 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that the mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 53.8%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 14.5%, Mg2Si powder 4.2%, TiC powder 11.8%, TiB2 powder 6.9%, Cr3C2 powder 5.4%, Y2O3 powder 2.2%, and CeO2 powder 1.2%. The preparation and application of the composite powder material are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Example 5 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that the mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 54.5%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 17.3%, Mg2Si powder 5.6%, TiC powder 9.5%, TiB2 powder 5.4%, Cr3C2 powder 4.2%, Y2O3 powder 2.6%, and CeO2 powder 0.9%. The preparation and application of the composite powder material are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Example 6 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that the mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 50.9%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 18.3%, Mg2Si powder 7.2%, TiC powder 9.7%, TiB2 powder 6.5%, Cr3C2 powder 4.8%, Y2O3 powder 1.2%, and CeO2 powder 1.4%. The preparation and application of the composite powder material are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Example 7 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 6 in that the mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: the mass fraction of Ni25 alloy powder is 50.7%, the mass fraction of Y2O3 powder is 1.8%, and the mass fraction of CeO2 powder is 1.0%, while the mass fractions of the remaining raw materials remain unchanged. The preparation and application of the composite powder material are exactly the same as in Example 6.

[0054] Example 8 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 6 in that the mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: the mass fraction of Ni25 alloy powder is 50.3%, the mass fraction of Y2O3 powder is 2%, and the mass fraction of CeO2 powder is 1.2%, while the mass fractions of the remaining raw materials remain unchanged. The preparation and application of the composite powder material are exactly the same as in Example 6.

[0055] Example 9 A composite powder material of Ni25 and Ti6Al4V for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 6 in that the mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder has a mass fraction of 50%, Y2O3 powder has a mass fraction of 2.5%, and CeO2 powder has a mass fraction of 1%, while the mass fractions of the remaining raw materials remain unchanged. The preparation and application of the composite powder material are exactly the same as in Example 6.

[0056] Example 10 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 6 in that the mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: the mass fraction of Ni25 alloy powder is 49.7%, the mass fraction of Y2O3 powder is 2.5%, and the mass fraction of CeO2 powder is 1.3%, while the mass fractions of the remaining raw materials remain unchanged. The preparation and application of the composite powder material are exactly the same as in Example 6.

[0057] Comparative Example 1 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that: 325-mesh WC powder is used instead of TiC powder, the mass fraction of WC powder is 10.5%, and the WC powder is sourced from Tianjin Gaoke New Material Technology Co., Ltd.; the rest are completely the same.

[0058] Comparative Example 2 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that: 325-mesh B4C powder is used to replace part of the TiC and TiB2 powders; the mass fraction of Ni25 alloy powder is 56.9%, the mass fraction of Ti6Al4V alloy powder is 20.1%, the mass fraction of B4C powder is 4.2%, and the mass fraction of TiC powder is 6.0%; the B4C powder is sourced from Xingtai Jiuqiao Welding Materials Co., Ltd. (1) Add Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to anhydrous ethanol. The sum of the mass of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to the mass ratio of anhydrous ethanol is 1:3. Disperse the powder under ultrasonic power of 400W for 30 minutes to fully deagglomerate the particles. Then distill to remove the ethanol and dry it under vacuum at 70℃ to obtain dispersed rare earth oxide powder. (2) Under argon (purity 99.999%), Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, B4C powder, Cr3C2 powder and dispersed rare earth oxide powder were ball-milled at 250 rpm for 90 min with a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1. The mixture was then dried under vacuum of <5 Pa and 120 °C for 2 h to obtain composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing. The rest are exactly the same.

[0059] Comparative Example 3 A composite powder material of Ni25 and Ti6Al4V for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that: the mass fraction of Mg2Si powder is 0%; the mass fraction of Ni25 alloy powder is 54.5%, the mass fraction of TiC powder is 12.9%, and the mass fraction of Cr3C2 powder is 5.1%; the rest are exactly the same.

[0060] Comparative Example 4 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that: the mass fraction of Cr3C2 powder is 0%; the mass fraction of Ni25 alloy powder is 53.4% ​​and the mass fraction of TiC powder is 12.9%; the rest are exactly the same.

[0061] Comparative Example 5 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that: the mass fraction of CeO2 powder is 0%; the mass fraction of Ni25 alloy powder is 52.7% and the mass fraction of Y2O3 powder is 2.5%; the rest are exactly the same.

[0062] Comparative Example 6 A composite powder material of Ni25 and Ti6Al4V for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that: the mass fraction of Y2O3 powder is 0%; the mass fraction of Ni25 alloy powder is 54% and the mass fraction of CeO2 powder is 1.2%; the rest are exactly the same.

[0063] Comparative Example 7 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that: The preparation process of this composite powder material is as follows: Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, TiB2 powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder are ball-milled at 250 rpm for 90 min under argon gas (purity 99.999%), with a ball-to-powder ratio of 10:1, and mixed evenly. The mixture is then dried under vacuum of <5 Pa and 120 °C for 2 h to obtain the composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing; the rest are exactly the same.

[0064] Comparative Example 8 A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, its preparation method, and its application differ from Example 1 in that: the above-mentioned composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing is used to prepare a cladding coating. The specific preparation steps are as follows: the surface of the metal substrate is sandblasted to a roughness Ra of 35~60μm, wiped with alcohol and dried, and then preheated to 200℃. Under a protective gas, the above-mentioned composite powder material is laser clad onto the preheated metal substrate surface using a coaxial powder-feeding laser. A 0.4mm thick underlayer is first clad, with a laser power of 1700 W, a scanning rate of 10mm / s, a spot diameter of 3mm, and a powder feeding rate of 10g / min, forming a dense cladding coating with a thickness of 1mm.

[0065] Performance testing 1. The hardness of the cladding coatings prepared in the above examples and comparative examples was tested according to GB / T 230.1-2018 "Metallic materials, Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method". A diamond cone with a 120° apex angle was used, and an initial test force of 98.07 N (10 kgf) was applied. The force was then uniformly increased to a total test force of 1471 N (150 kgf) within 1-8 s and held for 15 s. Five test points were used, and the results were taken as the arithmetic mean. The test results of the falling ball impact test are shown in Table 1.

[0066] 2. Friction and wear tests were conducted using an HT-1000 high-temperature friction and wear testing machine. The friction pair was a 5mm Si3N4 ceramic ball. The test temperatures were 20℃ and 300℃, the rotation radius was 1mm, the linear velocity was 10m / min, the load was 10N, and the wear time was 30min. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0067] 3. The corrosion resistance of the cladding coatings prepared in the above examples and comparative examples was tested according to the method provided in GB / T6465-2008 "Corrosion Test of Corrosion Paste on Metallic and Other Inorganic Coatings (CORR Test)". The thickness of the paste film formed after coating was 0.15 mm. The temperature of the exposure area in the humidification chamber was maintained at 38°C, and the relative humidity in the exposure area was maintained at 85% to prevent condensation on the samples. The test period was 16 hours of continuous exposure in the humidification chamber. After the test, the samples were treated as required, and the coating defects were evaluated according to the standards provided in GB / T 6461-2002 "Rating of Specimens and Test Pieces of Metallic and Other Inorganic Coatings on Metallic Substrates after Corrosion Testing". The corrosion test results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1 Performance of cladding coatings

[0069] As shown in Table 1, the cladding coatings prepared by the composite powder for metal additive manufacturing in Examples 1 to 10 of this invention have higher hardness and density, lower wear rate, lower corrosion defects, and higher hardness, thus improving the quality of the cladding coating. The composite powder for metal additive manufacturing in this invention, composed of appropriate amounts of Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, TiB2 powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder, and CeO2 powder, produces cladding coatings with higher hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and other multi-dimensional properties, which can meet more stringent service requirements.

[0070] Compared with Comparative Examples 1-6, Example 1 shows that the composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing of the present invention uses Mg2Si powder in synergy with TiC to enhance the hardness of the coating, and also uses TiB2 powder and Cr3C2 powder in synergy to promote the fusion between Ni25 powder and Ti6Al4V powder, thereby improving the density of the cladding coating and enhancing its hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. At the same time, the composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing uses Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder in synergy, which is more conducive to improving the density of the cladding coating and promoting the improvement of hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. In addition, the interaction of Mg2Si powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder achieves double and multiple purification and synergistically enhances the density of the cladding coating, thereby promoting the improvement of its hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance and other multi-dimensional properties. Compared with Comparative Example 7, Example 1 shows that the cladding coating prepared by coating TiB2 powder with Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder and then mixing it with other raw materials has higher hardness, higher wear resistance, and better corrosion resistance. Compared with Comparative Example 8, Example 1 shows that the cladding coating prepared using the composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing of the present invention, with a layered cladding scheme, is beneficial for obtaining a cladding coating with higher hardness, higher wear resistance, and better corrosion resistance. Further, Examples 1-10 show that controlling the sum of the mass percentages of CeO2 powder and CeO2 powder in the composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing of the present invention within 2.8-3.5% further improves the performance of the prepared cladding coating.

[0071] In summary, the composite powder of the present invention can overcome the problems of low hardness of traditional nickel-based alloy coatings and coating cracking caused by the addition of reinforcing phases in laser cladding, so that the coating has better density and can improve the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cladding coating in multiple dimensions, thus meeting more demanding service requirements.

[0072] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit and essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0073] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing, characterized in that, It is composed of raw materials Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, TiB2 powder, Cr3C2 powder, Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder; The mass fractions of each raw material are as follows: Ni25 alloy powder 47.4~54.5%, Ti6Al4V alloy powder 14.5~19.3%, Mg2Si powder 4.2~7.8%, TiC powder 6.5~12.9%, TiB2 powder 3.4~7.2%, Cr3C2 powder 2.6~5.8%, Y2O3 powder 1.0~2.8%, and CeO2 powder 0.6~1.5%.

2. The Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sum of the mass percentages of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder is controlled to be 2.8-3.5%.

3. The Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the composite powder material involves first ultrasonically dispersing and drying Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder, then mixing them with TiB2 powder and dry ball milling to form TiB2 powder coated with rare earth oxides. Then, it is ball-milled and mixed evenly with Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder and Cr3C2 powder under a protective gas and vacuum dried to obtain the composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing.

4. The Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific process for preparing the composite powder material is as follows: (1) Add Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder to anhydrous ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 20-30 min, then distill to remove ethanol, and then vacuum dry at 60-80℃ to obtain dispersed rare earth oxide powder. (2) Mix TiB2 powder with dispersed rare earth oxide powder evenly, and ball mill for 15~25 min to make Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder evenly coat the surface of TiB2 powder to obtain TiB2 powder with surface-coated rare earth oxide. (3) Under a protective gas, Ni25 alloy powder, Ti6Al4V alloy powder, Mg2Si powder, TiC powder, Cr3C2 powder and TiB2 powder coated with rare earth oxides are ball-milled for 60~90min, mixed evenly, and dried under vacuum to obtain composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing.

5. The Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sum of the masses of Y2O3 powder and CeO2 powder is in a mass ratio of 1:3 to that of anhydrous ethanol.

6. The Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Ni25 alloy powder has a mesh size of 250-300 mesh; the Ti6Al4V alloy powder has a mesh size of 300-350 mesh; the Mg2Si powder has a mesh size of 350-400 mesh; the TiC powder has a mesh size of 400-450 mesh; the Cr3C2 powder has a mesh size of 500-550 mesh; the TiB2 powder has a particle size of 2-15 μm; the Y2O3 powder has a particle size of 0.1-0.5 μm; and the CeO2 powder has a particle size of 50-150 nm.

7. The application of the composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps for preparing a cladding coating are as follows; The surface of the metal substrate is sandblasted, wiped with alcohol and dried, and then preheated to 200~300℃. Under a protective gas, the above-mentioned composite powder material is laser clad onto the preheated metal substrate surface in layers to form a dense cladding coating.

8. The application of the Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thickness of the cladding coating is 0.8~2mm.

9. The application of the Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing according to claim 8, characterized in that, Layered cladding conditions: It consists of a base layer with a thickness of 0.3~0.5mm, an intermediate layer with a thickness of 0.3~0.6mm, and a surface layer with a thickness of 0.2~0.4mm; the laser power of the base layer, intermediate layer, and surface layer decreases sequentially, the scanning rate increases sequentially, and the powder feeding rate decreases sequentially; Ar is blown off and preheated between each layer.

10. The application of the Ni25 and Ti6Al4V composite powder material for metal additive manufacturing according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cladding conditions for the bottom layer are as follows: laser power is 1600~1800 W, scanning rate is 5~6 mm / s, spot diameter is 2.5~4 mm, powder feeding rate is 8~10 g / min, tower connection rate is 35~40%, Ar purging is performed for 10 seconds between each layer and preheating is performed to 200~250℃. The cladding conditions for the intermediate layer are as follows: laser power is 1400~1600 W, scanning rate is 7~9 mm / s, spot diameter is 2.5~4 mm, powder feeding rate is 7~8 g / min, tower connection rate is 40~45%, Ar purging is performed for 10 seconds between each layer and preheating is performed to 200~250℃. Surface cladding conditions: laser power of 1200~1400 W, scanning rate of 10~12 mm / s, spot diameter of 2.5~4 mm, powder feeding rate of 6~7 g / min, and tower contact rate of 35~40%.

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