A new type of laser powder melting additive forming equipment capable of accurately switching workstations

Abstract

The application discloses a novel laser powder melting additive forming equipment capable of precisely switching workstations, and belongs to the technical field of metal additive manufacturing. The equipment comprises an equipment main body, a moving bearing assembly for bearing and moving a forming cylinder main body and a forming base plate, a printing assembly for printing on the forming base plate, and a forging assembly for forging on the forming base plate. The moving bearing assembly comprises a forming cylinder shell, a track, and a bearing driving mechanism. The track is provided with a magnetic scale consistent with the extension direction of the track. The bearing driving mechanism is provided with a reading head matched with the magnetic scale. The outer side of the forming cylinder shell is provided with N positioning retractable dowels. The additive forming integrated equipment is designed to realize the cycle operation of printing-forging-printing-forging in the whole process, so as to reduce the internal porosity of the forming part, and the precise positioning can ensure the precision and consistency of the printing link and the forging link.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal additive manufacturing technology, specifically to a novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching. Background Technology

[0002] Additive manufacturing technology is a manufacturing technique that uses a 3D design model to create a product layer by layer through slicing. Additive manufacturing technology overcomes the structural and performance limitations of tooling and fixtures, greatly increasing design freedom. It also eliminates the prescribed processes of traditional manufacturing methods, saving production time, especially new product development time, and is widely used in many fields.

[0003] However, existing additive manufacturing processes typically require the collaborative use of both additive manufacturing equipment and molding equipment. After the additive printing is completed, the printing substrate is removed and transferred to the molding equipment for positioning and further solidification and forging. Then, the molding substrate is removed from the molding equipment, the molded part is removed from the printing substrate, and the printing substrate is returned to the additive manufacturing equipment for positioning before resuming additive printing. During this process, due to the issue of removing parts from the printing substrate, when further additive printing or molding is needed, the printing substrate needs to be repositioned. The printing substrate is positioned and installed. However, due to the inherent properties of the material during the printing process, there will be porosity issues. If the entire part is printed and cooled before being molded, and then the part is molded, the molding method can usually only perform surface machining. The porosity inside the part cannot be effectively treated and eliminated, and will remain inside the part. Furthermore, the positioning and installation of the printing substrate leads to low overall efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a new type of laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment that can accurately switch workstations to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: by designing an integrated additive molding equipment, after a certain number of additive printing layers are printed, the printed body can be transferred to the forging station for immediate forging in the entire process, realizing a printing-forging-printing-forging cycle operation in the entire process. This allows the forging process to reduce the internal porosity of the molded part and increase the overall density of the molded part in a timely manner during the printing process, thereby improving the quality and performance of the finished molded part after the entire process is completed. At the same time, it can accurately position the printing station or the forging station when moving to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the printing and forging processes.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a novel laser powder melting additive molding equipment capable of precise switching of workstations, comprising: a main body of the equipment, a moving support component for supporting and moving the main body of the molding cylinder and the molding substrate, a printing component for printing on the molding substrate, and a forging component for forging on the molding substrate.

[0006] The printing component and the forging component are both located on the top of the equipment body and are arranged in a straight line. The mobile bearing component is located inside the equipment body. The top of the equipment body has a first opening that communicates with the printing component and a second opening that communicates with the forging component.

[0007] The mobile support assembly includes a molding cylinder housing, a track, and a support drive mechanism. The top of the molding cylinder housing has a third opening. The molding cylinder body is mounted on the molding cylinder housing. The moving end of the molding cylinder body is located inside the molding cylinder housing and is used to drive the molding substrate to move vertically out of or into the third opening. The track is located in the middle of the equipment body and its extension direction is consistent with the direction of the linear layout. The support drive mechanism is connected to the track drive mechanism and is used to drive the molding cylinder housing to move on the track.

[0008] The track is equipped with a magnetic scale that extends in the same direction as the track, and the bearing drive mechanism is equipped with a reading head that cooperates with the magnetic scale.

[0009] The outer side of the forming cylinder shell is provided with N positioning telescopic pins, the first opening is provided with N printed positioning pin holes corresponding to the positioning telescopic pins, and the second opening is provided with N forged positioning pin holes corresponding to the positioning telescopic pins, where N is an even number.

[0010] When the bearing drive mechanism moves the molding cylinder housing to below the first opening, the reading head, in conjunction with the magnetic scale, performs the first printing positioning of the molding cylinder housing. The positioning telescopic pin is inserted into the printing positioning pin hole to perform the second printing positioning of the molding cylinder housing. Subsequently, the molding cylinder body moves the molding substrate out of the third opening and through the first opening into the printing station in the printing assembly.

[0011] When the bearing drive mechanism moves the forming cylinder housing to below the second opening, the reading head, in conjunction with the magnetic grating ruler, performs the first forging positioning of the forming cylinder housing. The positioning telescopic pin is inserted into the forging positioning pin hole to perform the second forging positioning of the forming cylinder housing. Subsequently, the forming cylinder body moves the forming substrate out of the third opening and through the second opening into the forging station in the forging assembly.

[0012] During equipment operation, the bearing drive mechanism and the forming cylinder body are operated to move the forming substrate to the printing station after the first printing positioning and the second printing positioning, completing the first printing process and obtaining the first printed body. The bearing drive mechanism and the forming cylinder body are then operated again to move the forming substrate to the forging station after the first forging positioning and the second forging positioning, completing the first forging process of the first printed body and obtaining the first forged body. Subsequently, the bearing drive mechanism and the forming cylinder body are operated to return the forming substrate to the printing station, completing the second printing process on the first forged body and obtaining the second printed body. The second printed body then enters the forging station for the second forging process and obtains the second forged body. Following this operating mode, and based on the molding requirements, the forming substrate is switched between the printing station and the forging station to complete a cyclical process of printing followed by forging to obtain the final molded part.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positioning telescopic pin includes a telescopic cylinder and an insertion pin. The output end of the telescopic cylinder is driven to the insertion pin to drive the insertion pin to move in the vertical direction.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the projections of the N positioning telescopic pins on the horizontal plane are consistent with the projections of the N printed positioning pin holes and the N forged positioning pin holes on the horizontal plane, and N is greater than or equal to 2.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mobile support mechanism includes a servo motor, a support base, and a housing lifting part. The servo motor, the housing lifting part, and the reading head are all disposed on the support base. The output end of the housing lifting part is connected to the forming cylinder housing to drive the forming cylinder housing to move up and down. The servo motor is connected to the track drive, and the reading head is electrically connected to the servo motor.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the printing assembly includes a printing box and a printing mechanism. The printing mechanism is disposed on the printing box, and a printing cavity is provided inside the printing box. The printing box is disposed on the top of the device body, and the printing cavity communicates with the inside of the device body through a first opening.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the forging assembly includes a forging box and a forging mechanism. The forging mechanism is disposed on the forging box, and a forging cavity is provided inside the forging box. The forging box is disposed on the top of the equipment body, and the forging cavity communicates with the inside of the equipment body through a second opening.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of tracks is even, and each track is provided with a rack.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the servo motor corresponds one-to-one with the track. The servo motor includes a motor body and a drive gear. The motor body is mounted on a support base. The output end of the motor body is connected to the drive gear. The drive gear meshes with the rack on the corresponding track. The reading head is electrically connected to the motor body.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the main body of the device is provided with a fourth opening, which is located above the track and on the extension line of the printing component and the forging component arranged in a straight line.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a switchable airtight door is provided at the fourth opening.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in:

[0023] 1. By simultaneously setting up a printing component and a forging component in one device, and cooperating with a track and a load-bearing drive mechanism, the forming cylinder housing can be moved below the printing component and below the forging component. Under the action of the forming cylinder body, and with the help of the load-bearing drive mechanism, the forming substrate can be switched between the printing component and the forging component. In the entire process, when at the printing station, after printing a certain number of layers on the forming substrate, the printed body is promptly transferred to the forging station, where it is forged in the forging component, and then transferred back to the printing component for printing, forming a printing-forging-printing-forging cycle. Because the overall printing process reduces the porosity of the material and improves the overall density, the quality and performance of the finished product are improved.

[0024] 2. A magnetic scale and reading head are used for the first positioning. Then, a second positioning is achieved by setting a positioning telescopic pin and cooperating printing positioning pin holes and forging positioning pin holes. This ensures that the positional relationship between the forming cylinder shell and the printing station remains consistent during printing, and the positional relationship between the forming cylinder shell and the forging station remains consistent during forging. This ensures that the positional relationship remains consistent for each printing and forging operation in the printing-forging-printing-forging cycle, thereby ensuring the overall printing and forging quality and effect.

[0025] 3. By setting the printing component, forging component and frame to be connected, and the moving load-bearing component to move inside the frame, the entire printing process is kept in a closed space formed by the frame, printing component and forging component, so that it can be protected by the protective gas supplied in the printing component, ensuring the printing and forging effect.

[0026] 4. By setting up a forming cylinder shell for load transfer, the shell wall can play a heat preservation role during the transfer process, ensuring the forging effect after printing. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention with the printing component, forging component, etc. removed;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the track, molding cylinder housing, and other parts of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the track and other parts of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the molding cylinder housing and other parts of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of AA;

[0035] Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of BB;

[0036] Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of CC;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking servo motor of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a bottom view of the structure of the track, magnetic scale, reading head, etc. of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, including the printed positioning pin hole and the forged positioning pin hole.

[0040] In the diagram: 10. Main body of the equipment; 11. First opening; 12. Second opening; 13. Fourth opening; 131. Switching airtight door; 20. Molding cylinder housing; 21. Track; 211. Rack; 22. Molding cylinder main body; 23. Molding substrate; 31. Servo motor; 311. Motor body; 312. Drive gear; 32. Bearing seat; 41. Printing box; 411. Printing cavity; 42. Airflow system; 43. Material system; 44. Galvanometer system; 45. Powder spreading system; 51. Forging box; 511. Forging cavity; 52. Rolling system; 53. Cutting system; 61. Box lifting motor; 62. Transmission conversion seat; 71. Magnetic scale; 72. Reading head; 81. Positioning telescopic pin; 811. Telescopic cylinder body; 812. Insertion pin; 82. Printing positioning pin hole; 83. Forging positioning pin hole. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Combined with appendix Figure 1-13 As shown, a novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise workstation switching includes a main body 10, a first opening 11, a second opening 12, a fourth opening 13, a switchable airtight door 131, a forming cylinder shell 20, a track 21, a rack 211, a forming cylinder body 22, a forming substrate 23, a servo motor 31, a motor body 311, a drive gear 312, a support seat 32, a printing box 41, a printing cavity 411, an airflow system 42, a material system 43, a galvanometer system 44, a powder spreading system 45, a forging box 51, a forging cavity 511, a rolling system 52, a cutting system 53, a box lifting motor 61, a transmission conversion seat 62, a magnetic scale 71, a reading head 72, a positioning telescopic pin 81, a telescopic cylinder body 811, an insertion pin 812, a printing positioning pin hole 82, and a forging positioning pin hole 83.

[0043] Combined with appendix Figure 1-13 As shown, a novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching includes: a main body 10, a moving support component for supporting and moving the forming cylinder body 22 and the forming substrate 23, a printing component for printing on the forming substrate 23, and a forging component for forging on the forming substrate 23. The main body 10 is composed of a support frame and a surface skin. The support frame provides overall support, and the skin is attached to the outside of the support frame to protect it. With the cooperation of the skin and the support frame, the interior of the main body 10, consisting of the printing component and the forging component, is in a sealed state. During the entire additive manufacturing process, a protective gas is injected into the sealed interior for protection. The protective gas is an inert gas.

[0044] The printing component and the forging component are both located on the top of the equipment body 10 and are arranged in a straight line. The movable bearing component is located inside the equipment body 10. The top of the equipment body 10 has a first opening 11 that communicates with the printing component and a second opening 12 that communicates with the forging component.

[0045] The mobile support assembly includes a molding cylinder housing 20, a track 21, and a support drive mechanism. The molding cylinder housing 20 has a third opening at its top, corresponding to the first opening 11 and the second opening 12. The molding cylinder body 22 is mounted on the molding cylinder housing 20. The moving end of the molding cylinder body 22 is located inside the molding cylinder housing 20 and is used to drive the molding substrate 23 vertically out of or into the third opening. Preferably, the molding cylinder body 22 can be constructed using a mature existing technology to achieve precise lifting and lowering of the molding substrate 23. For example, the molding cylinder body 22 can be constructed using a worm gear mechanism consisting of a motor and a lead screw, combined with a piston substrate, to drive the molding substrate 23 to lift and lower. The connection between the molding substrate 23 and the moving end of the molding cylinder body 22 uses a mature existing connection method to ensure accurate connection between the molding substrate 23 and the moving end of the molding cylinder body 22 while facilitating subsequent part removal. The track 21 is located on the main body of the equipment. The middle part of the body 10 and its extension direction are consistent with the direction of the line layout. Specifically, the track 21 is located in the closed space inside the main body 10 and is fixed by connecting with the bracket. The bearing drive mechanism is driven to drive the forming cylinder housing 20 to move on the track 21, so that the forming cylinder housing 20 can move along the track 21 under the action of the bearing drive mechanism. By setting the forming cylinder housing 20 and the forming cylinder body 22, and the way the forming cylinder body 22 is installed in the forming cylinder housing 20, and the way the moving end of the forming cylinder body 22 is located in the forming cylinder housing 20, a new type of forming cylinder is formed. By setting the new type of forming cylinder, compared with the traditional forming cylinder, it can meet the requirement of switching between two stations, and can accurately adjust the lifting degree of the forming substrate 23 in the printing station and the forging station, thereby meeting the processing requirements of printing and forging, so as to adapt to the new laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment.

[0046] The track 21 is provided with a magnetic scale 71 that extends in the same direction as the track. The bearing drive mechanism is provided with a reading head 72 that cooperates with the magnetic scale 71. The length of the magnetic scale 71 can cover the movement range of the forming cylinder housing 20. The magnetic scale 71 and the corresponding reading head 72 can be of conventional type to achieve an accuracy of 0.005mm.

[0047] The outer side of the forming cylinder housing 20 is provided with N positioning telescopic pins 81. The first opening 11 is provided with N printed positioning pin holes 82 corresponding to the positioning telescopic pins 81, and the second opening 12 is provided with N forged positioning pin holes 83 corresponding to the positioning telescopic pins 81, where N is an even number. Each positioning telescopic pin 81 includes a telescopic cylinder body 811 and an insertion pin 812. The output end of the telescopic cylinder body 811 is driven to the insertion pin 812 to move the insertion pin 812 vertically. The projections of the N positioning telescopic pins 81 onto the horizontal plane are related to the N... The projections of the printed positioning pin holes 82 and the N forged positioning pin holes 83 on the horizontal plane are consistent, and N is greater than or equal to 2. Preferably, the number of N is four, namely four positioning telescopic pins 81, four printed positioning pin holes 82 and four forged positioning pin holes 83. The projections of the four positioning telescopic pins 81 on the horizontal plane are consistent with the projections of the four printed positioning pin holes 82 and the forged positioning pin holes 83 on the horizontal plane, so as to ensure that when the forming cylinder housing 20 moves to the first opening 11 or the second opening 12, the positioning telescopic pins 81 can be smoothly inserted into the printed positioning pin holes 82 or the forged positioning pin holes 83.

[0048] The mobile support mechanism includes a servo motor 31, a support base 32, and a housing lifting part. The servo motor 31, the housing lifting part, and the reading head 72 are all mounted on the support base 32. The output end of the housing lifting part is connected to the forming cylinder housing 20 to drive the forming cylinder housing 20 to move up and down. The servo motor 31 is driven by the track 21. The reading head 72 is electrically connected to the servo motor 31. By setting the reading head 72 to be electrically connected to the servo motor 31, the movement of the servo motor 31 can be controlled according to the movement distance obtained by the reading head 72 in conjunction with the magnetic scale. This allows the servo motor 31 to stop moving in time when the reading head 72 and the magnetic scale 71 need to stop. The housing lifting part allows the upper surface of the forming cylinder housing 20 to fit against the top of the equipment body 10. At the same time, the forming cylinder housing 20 can be moved downwards and separated from the upper surface of the equipment body 10 according to actual needs.

[0049] When the bearing drive mechanism moves the molding cylinder housing 20 to below the first opening 11, the reading head 72, in conjunction with the magnetic scale 71, performs the first printing positioning of the molding cylinder housing 20. Specifically, the stop position of the magnetic scale 71 corresponding to the first opening 11 is preset, and the deceleration position of the servo motor 31 before moving the molding cylinder housing 20 to below the first opening 11 is also preset. When the servo motor 31 moves the molding cylinder housing 20, the reading head 72 decelerates after passing the deceleration position and stops immediately upon reaching the stop position. The first printing positioning is achieved by the reading head 72 in conjunction with the magnetic scale 71. The positioning telescopic pin 81 is inserted into the printing positioning pin hole 82 to perform the second printing positioning of the molding cylinder housing 20. Specifically, when After the first printing positioning, the telescopic cylinder 811 drives the insertion pin 812 to be inserted into the printing positioning pin hole 82. Under the action of the insertion pin 812 and the printing positioning pin hole 82, the forming cylinder housing 20 performs a second printing positioning to ensure further positioning accuracy. Subsequently, the forming cylinder body 22 drives the forming substrate 23 to move out of the third opening and through the first opening 11 into the printing station in the printing assembly. Specifically, when the bearing drive mechanism drives the forming cylinder housing 20 to move below the printing assembly and after the first and second printing positioning, the forming cylinder housing 20 moves exactly to the position of the first opening 11. The forming cylinder body 22 drives the forming substrate 23 to move through the first opening 11 into the printing assembly for printing.

[0050] When the bearing drive mechanism moves the forming cylinder housing 20 below the second opening 12, the reading head 72, in conjunction with the magnetic scale 71, performs the first forging positioning of the forming cylinder housing 20. Specifically, the stop position of the magnetic scale 71 corresponding to the second opening 12 is preset, and the deceleration position of the servo motor 31 before moving the forming cylinder housing 20 below the second opening 12 is also preset. When the servo motor 31 moves the forming cylinder housing 20, the reading head 72 decelerates after passing the deceleration position and stops immediately upon reaching the stop position. The first forging positioning is achieved through the reading head 72 in conjunction with the magnetic scale 71. The positioning telescopic pin 81 is inserted into the forging positioning pin hole 83 to perform the second forging positioning of the forming cylinder housing 20. After the first forging positioning, the telescopic cylinder 811 drives the insertion pin 812 to be inserted into the forging positioning pin hole 83. Under the action of the insertion pin 812 and the forging positioning pin hole 83, the forming cylinder shell 20 is forged and positioned for the second time to ensure further positioning accuracy. Subsequently, the forming cylinder body 22 drives the forming substrate 23 to move out of the third opening and through the second opening 12 into the forging station in the forging assembly. Specifically, when the bearing drive mechanism drives the forming cylinder shell 20 to move below the forging assembly and after the first forging positioning and the second forging positioning, the forming cylinder shell 20 is just moved to the position of the second opening 12. The forming cylinder body 22 drives the forming substrate 23 to move through the second opening 12 into the forging assembly for forging.

[0051] During equipment operation, the bearing drive mechanism and forming cylinder body 22 are operated to move the forming substrate 23 to the printing station after the first printing positioning and the second printing positioning, completing the first printing process and obtaining the first printed body; the bearing drive mechanism and forming cylinder body 22 are operated again to move the forming substrate 23 to the forging station after the first forging positioning and the second forging positioning, completing the first forging process of the first printed body and obtaining the first forged body; subsequently, the bearing drive mechanism and forming cylinder body 22 are operated to return the forming substrate 23 to the printing station, completing the second printing process on the first forged body. The first printed body is then forged in the forging station to obtain the second printed body. The second printed body then enters the forging station for a second forging process to obtain the second forged body. According to the above operation mode, based on the molding requirements, the molding substrate 23 switches between the printing station and the forging station to complete the cycle process of printing first and then forging to obtain the final molded part. Specifically, the above operation mode is to sequentially manufacture the third printed body, the third forged body, the fourth printed body, the fourth forged body, etc., according to the printing-forging-printing-forging sequence corresponding to the printing process of the first printed body, the forging process of the first forged body, the printing process of the second printed body, and the forging process of the second forged body, until the final molded part is formed.

[0052] Specifically, when operating the bearing drive mechanism and the molding cylinder body 22, the bearing drive mechanism first moves the molding cylinder housing 20 to below the printing station at the first opening 11, and then performs the first printing positioning and the second printing positioning. After the first printing positioning and the second printing positioning, the molding cylinder body 22 moves the molding substrate 23 out of the third opening and through the first opening 11 into the printing station. After printing at the printing station, the molding cylinder body 22 moves the molding substrate 23 through the first opening 11 into the molding cylinder housing 20. Then the first printing positioning and the second printing positioning are released, and the bearing drive mechanism and the molding cylinder body 22 are operated again.

[0053] When the load-bearing drive mechanism and the forming cylinder body 22 are operated again, the load-bearing drive mechanism first moves the forming cylinder housing 20 to below the forging station at the second opening 12, and then performs the first forging positioning and the second forging positioning. After the first forging positioning and the second forging positioning, the forming cylinder body 22 moves the forming substrate 23 out of the third opening and through the second opening 12 into the forging station. After forging at the forging station, the forming cylinder body 22 moves the forming substrate 23 through the first opening 11 into the forming cylinder housing 20. Then the first forging positioning and the second forging positioning are released, and the subsequent processing flow is carried out.

[0054] Combined with appendix Figure 1-11 As shown, the printing assembly includes a printing box 41 and a printing mechanism. The printing mechanism is disposed on the printing box 41. A printing cavity 411 is opened inside the printing box 41. The printing box 41 is disposed on the top of the equipment body 10. The printing cavity 411 communicates with the inside of the equipment body 10 through a first opening 11. The printing mechanism includes an air field system 42, a material system 43, a galvanometer system 44, and a powder spreading system 45.

[0055] The air field system 42 is installed on the printing box 41 to inject protective gas into the printing chamber 411 and perform gas circulation. Specifically, the air field system includes a dust removal circulation pipeline and a protective gas pipeline, both of which are installed on the printing box 41. The dust removal circulation pipeline is used for gas circulation, and the protective gas pipeline is used for supplying protective gas. The pipeline layout and gas supply are carried out using mature methods in the existing technology.

[0056] The material system 43 includes a hopper and a metering powder dispensing motor. The hopper is located on the printing box 41 and its inlet is located outside the printing box 41. The metering powder dispensing motor is located on the printing box 41 and inside the printing cavity 411. The metering powder dispensing motor is located at the outlet of the hopper. The supply of printing powder is realized through the hopper and the metering powder dispensing motor. Furthermore, all components of the material system 43 adopt mature structures in the existing technology.

[0057] The galvanometer system 44 includes a galvanometer body and a protective mirror. The galvanometer body is mounted on the printing box 41 and its output end is located inside the printing cavity 411. The protective mirror is mounted at the output end of the galvanometer body for protection. Furthermore, all components of the galvanometer system 44 adopt mature structures in the existing technology.

[0058] The powder spreading system 45 includes a scraper motor and a scraper. Both the scraper motor and the scraper are located inside the printing cavity 411. The scraper motor drives the scraper to spread the powder. Furthermore, each component of the powder spreading system 45 adopts a mature structure in the existing technology.

[0059] The printing mechanism also includes structures found in other prior art printing devices that can ensure the printing requirements of this application;

[0060] The printing assembly is configured so that the printing process can be performed after the molding substrate 23 is moved into the printing cavity 411.

[0061] Combined with appendix Figure 1-13 As shown, the forging assembly includes a forging box 51 and a forging mechanism. The forging mechanism is disposed on the forging box 51. A forging cavity 511 is provided inside the forging box 51. The forging box 51 is disposed on the top of the equipment body 10. The forging cavity 511 is connected to the inside of the equipment body 10 through a second opening 12. The forging mechanism includes a rolling system 52 and a cutting system 53.

[0062] The compaction system 52 includes a compaction head and a compaction drive unit connected to the compaction head for driving the compaction head to move at multiple angles. The compaction drive unit can be a mechanical arm or a track combined with a motor and a lifting cylinder to drive the compaction head. All related structures adopt mature technologies in the existing technology.

[0063] The cutting system 53 includes a cutting head and a cutting drive unit connected to the cutting head for driving the cutting head to move at multiple angles. The cutting drive unit can be a robotic arm or a track combined with a motor and a lifting cylinder to drive the cutting head. All related structures adopt mature technologies in the existing technology.

[0064] By setting up a forging assembly so that the forging process is realized after the molding substrate 23 moves into the forging cavity 511, the printed body after printing a certain number of layers can be moved to the forging station for forging processing in a timely manner by the moving support assembly, and then moved back to the printing station to realize the cycle operation of printing-forging-printing-forging. Compared with the existing technology, which forges after printing is complete, the final printed body has fewer pores, higher density and performance.

[0065] Combined with appendix Figure 1-13 The number of tracks 21 shown is even, and each track 21 is provided with a rack 211. Preferably, there are two tracks 21, which are parallel to each other and located on a horizontal plane. The self-locking servo motor 31 corresponds one-to-one with the track 21. The servo motor 31 includes a motor body 311 and a drive gear 312. The motor body 311 is set on the support 32. The output end of the motor body 311 is connected to the drive gear 312. The drive gear 312 meshes with the rack on the corresponding track 21. The reading head 72 is electrically connected to the motor body 311. By setting the gear meshing relationship between the drive gear 312 and the rack 211, the servo motor 31 can drive the molding cylinder housing 20 more stably and accurately.

[0066] Combined with appendix Figure 1-11 As shown, the housing lifting unit includes a housing lifting motor 61 and a transmission conversion seat 62. The housing lifting motor 61 is mounted on the bearing seat 32 and is driven to the forming cylinder housing 20 through the transmission conversion seat 62. Specifically, the transmission conversion seat 62 is a worm gear structure. The lifting drive of the forming cylinder housing 20 is realized through the output end of the housing lifting motor 61 and the worm gear structure in the transmission conversion seat 62. The specific transmission conversion seat 62 is selected based on the worm gear structure according to actual needs, and all its components adopt mature structures in the existing technology.

[0067] Combined with appendix Figure 1-13 As shown, the top of the main body 10 of the equipment has a fourth opening 13. The fourth opening 13 is located above the track 21 and on the extension line of the printing component and the forging component in a straight line. A switchable airtight door 131 is provided at the fourth opening 13. Preferably, the fourth opening 13 is also provided with a hoisting positioning pin hole that cooperates with the positioning telescopic pin 81. Similarly, when moving to the fourth opening 13, the scale of the magnetic scale 71 and the reading head 72 can be set for the first hoisting positioning. Subsequently, the positioning telescopic pin 81 cooperates with the hoisting positioning pin hole to further... A second hoisting and positioning is performed. The accuracy of hoisting is ensured by the first and second hoisting and positioning. A fourth opening 13 is set so that after all the additive molding is completed, the molding substrate 23 can be moved to the position of the fourth opening 13 by the conveying of the molding cylinder housing 20. The molded part located on the molding substrate 23 after printing is removed through the fourth opening 13 by the molding cylinder body 22, so that the hoisting and part removal can be completed by external hoisting tools. The switchable airtight door 131 adopts a mature method in the prior art. To ensure airtightness, a sealing strip can be added to the edge of the switchable airtight door 131.

[0068] Working Principle: The printing and forging components are activated. The required powder is added to the material system 43. The servo motor 31 moves the forming cylinder housing 20 below the printing component. After the first and second printing positioning, the forming cylinder body 22 moves the forming substrate 23 upwards, through the first opening 11, into the printing cavity 411. The printing mechanism prints a certain number of layers on the forming substrate 23. Subsequently, the forming cylinder body 22 moves the forming substrate 23 downwards into the forming cylinder housing 20. After releasing the first and second printing positioning, the servo motor 31 moves the forming cylinder housing 20 below the forging component. After the first and second forging positioning, the forming cylinder body 22 moves the forming substrate 23 upwards, through the second opening 12, into the forging cavity 511. The forging mechanism then prints a certain number of layers on the forming substrate 23. The body is forged. Then, the forming cylinder body 22 moves the forming base plate 23 back into the forming cylinder housing 20, releasing the first and second forging positioning. The servo motor 31 moves the forming cylinder housing 20 to the printing station for printing again. The printing-forging-printing-forging process is repeated until the final molded part is formed. Then, the servo motor 31 moves the final molded part, which has been moved into the forming cylinder housing 20 by the forming cylinder body 22, to the fourth opening 13. After the first and second hoisting positioning, the switch-sealed door 131 is opened, and the forming cylinder body 22 moves the forming base plate 23 upward, so that the final molded part is removed from the fourth opening 13 and lifted by the hoisting tool. During the printing-forging-printing-forging process, the printing chamber 411, the forging chamber 511, and the equipment body 10 are all protected by protective gas, which can be provided by the air field system 42.

[0069] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching, characterized in that, include: The equipment body (10), the moving support assembly for carrying and moving the forming cylinder body (22) and the forming substrate (23), the printing assembly for printing on the forming substrate (23), and the forging assembly for forging on the forming substrate (23); The printing component and the forging component are both located on the top of the equipment body (10) and are arranged in a straight line. The mobile bearing component is located inside the equipment body (10). The top of the equipment body (10) has a first opening (11) that communicates with the printing component and a second opening (12) that communicates with the forging component. The mobile support assembly includes a molding cylinder housing (20), a track (21), and a support drive mechanism. The molding cylinder housing (20) has a third opening at the top. The molding cylinder body (22) is mounted on the molding cylinder housing (20). The moving end of the molding cylinder body (22) is located inside the molding cylinder housing (20) to drive the molding substrate (23) to move vertically out of or into the third opening. The track (21) is located in the middle of the equipment body (10) and its extension direction is consistent with the direction of the linear layout. The support drive mechanism is driven to the track (21) to drive the molding cylinder housing (20) to move on the track (21). The track (21) is provided with a magnetic grating ruler (71) that extends in the same direction as the track, and the bearing drive mechanism is provided with a reading head (72) that cooperates with the magnetic grating ruler (71). The outer side of the forming cylinder housing (20) is provided with N positioning telescopic pins (81), the first opening (11) is provided with N printed positioning pin holes (82) corresponding to the positioning telescopic pins (81), and the second opening (12) is provided with N forged positioning pin holes (83) corresponding to the positioning telescopic pins (81), where N is an even number; When the bearing drive mechanism moves the molding cylinder housing (20) below the first opening (11), the reading head (72) and the magnetic scale (71) perform the first printing positioning of the molding cylinder housing (20). The positioning telescopic pin (81) is inserted into the printing positioning pin hole (82) to perform the second printing positioning of the molding cylinder housing (20). Subsequently, the molding cylinder body (22) moves the molding substrate (23) out of the third opening and through the first opening (11) into the printing station in the printing assembly. When the bearing drive mechanism moves the forming cylinder housing (20) below the second opening (12), the reading head (72) and the magnetic scale (71) perform the first forging positioning of the forming cylinder housing (20). The positioning telescopic pin (81) is inserted into the forging positioning pin hole (83) to perform the second forging positioning of the forming cylinder housing (20). Subsequently, the forming cylinder body (22) moves the forming plate (23) out of the third opening and through the second opening (12) into the forging station in the forging assembly. When the equipment is running, the bearing drive mechanism and the forming cylinder body (22) are operated. After the first printing positioning and the second printing positioning, the forming substrate (23) is moved to the printing station to complete the first printing process and obtain the first printed body. The bearing drive mechanism and the forming cylinder body (22) are operated again. After the first forging positioning and the second forging positioning, the forming substrate (23) is moved to the forging station to complete the first forging process of the first printed body and obtain the first forged body. Then, the bearing drive mechanism and the forming cylinder body (22) are operated to return the forming substrate (23) to the printing station to complete the second printing process on the first forged body and obtain the second printed body. The second printed body then enters the forging station for the second forging process and obtains the second forged body. According to the above operating mode, based on the molding requirements, the forming substrate (23) is switched between the printing station and the forging station to complete the cyclic process of printing first and then forging to obtain the final molded part.

2. The novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning telescopic pin (81) includes a telescopic cylinder (811) and an insertion pin (812). The output end of the telescopic cylinder (811) is driven to the insertion pin (812) to drive the insertion pin (812) to move in the vertical direction.

3. The novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projections of the N positioning telescopic pins (81) on the horizontal plane are consistent with the projections of the N printed positioning pin holes (82) and the N forged positioning pin holes (83) on the horizontal plane, and N is greater than or equal to 2.

4. The novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile support mechanism includes a servo motor (31), a support base (32), and a housing lifting part. The servo motor (31), the housing lifting part, and the reading head (72) are all mounted on the support base (32). The output end of the housing lifting part is connected to the molding cylinder housing (20) to drive the molding cylinder housing (20) to move up and down. The servo motor (31) is driven by the track (21), and the reading head (72) is electrically connected to the servo motor (31).

5. A novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing assembly includes a printing box (41) and a printing mechanism. The printing mechanism is disposed on the printing box (41). A printing cavity (411) is provided inside the printing box (41). The printing box (41) is disposed on the top of the device body (10). The printing cavity (411) is connected to the device body (10) through a first opening (11).

6. The novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forging assembly includes a forging box (51) and a forging mechanism. The forging mechanism is disposed on the forging box (51). A forging cavity (511) is provided inside the forging box (51). The forging box (51) is disposed on the top of the equipment body (10). The forging cavity (511) is connected to the inside of the equipment body (10) through a second opening (12).

7. A novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of tracks (21) is even, and each track (21) is provided with a rack (211).

8. A novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching according to claim 7, characterized in that: The servo motor (31) corresponds one-to-one with the track (21). The servo motor (31) includes a motor body (311) and a drive gear (312). The motor body (311) is mounted on the support (32). The output end of the motor body (311) is connected to the drive gear (312). The drive gear (312) meshes with the rack on the corresponding track (21). The reading head (72) is electrically connected to the motor body (311).

9. A novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device body (10) has a fourth opening (13) at the top, which is located above the track (21) and on the extension line of the printing component and the forging component.

10. A novel laser powder melting additive manufacturing equipment capable of precise station switching according to claim 9, characterized in that: A switchable airtight door (131) is provided at the fourth opening (13).

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