A welding self-centering device for a damper, a welding apparatus and a welding method

Abstract

The present application relates to rail transit shock absorber production technical field, especially a kind of welding self-centering device for shock absorber, welding equipment and welding method.The device includes: chuck is equipped with first jaw and second jaw, first jaw and second jaw are oppositely arranged symmetrically, first jaw and second jaw are respectively connected with first support arm and second support arm, first support arm is equipped with first abutting piece, second support arm is equipped with second abutting piece, first abutting piece and second abutting piece are symmetrically arranged, drive motor, drive motor rotates through drive chuck, chuck drives shock absorber to rotate around its axis, when positioning shock absorber, first abutting piece and second abutting piece are respectively abutted on the symmetric points of the outer periphery of first connecting ring and / or the symmetric points of oil storage cylinder body and / or the symmetric points of dust cover cylinder body, it can quickly and accurately make oil storage cylinder body and dust cover cylinder body of shock absorber concentric positioning, realize accurate welding effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit vibration damper manufacturing technology, and in particular to a welding self-centering device, welding equipment and welding method for vibration dampers. Background Technology

[0002] Track vibration dampers are specialized devices installed on track structures to reduce vibrations and noise generated during train operation, improve passenger comfort, and protect the track structure from long-term vibration damage. The track vibration damper includes an oil reservoir cylinder. One end of the oil reservoir cylinder is fixed with a first connecting ring, and the other end is equipped with a piston rod. The outer end of the piston rod is equipped with a second connecting ring. To prevent dust or sand from affecting the piston rod's flexibility, a dust cover cylinder is fitted onto the piston rod. One end of the dust cover cylinder is slidably fitted with one end of the oil reservoir cylinder, and the other end of the dust cover cylinder is close to and sealed to that side of the second connecting ring.

[0003] In response to this, existing technology CN118385832A discloses an automatic welding equipment for dust covers, which sets the dust cover vertically and fixes it at the top, bottom, and sides to position the dust cover and then welds it in the vertical direction. However, when welding the dust cover at the second connecting ring position, if the dust cover is placed at an angle, the dust cover cylinder and the oil storage cylinder cannot be concentrically connected, affecting the welding quality of the product.

[0004] The existing technology CN222037382U discloses a vibration damper positioning welding fixture, which clamps and positions the vibration damper using a fixed plate and a movable plate. However, it still has the problem that when the dust cover is placed at an angle, the dust cover and the oil reservoir cannot be concentrically connected, affecting the welding quality of the product. Manually calibrating the dust cover cylinder and the oil reservoir cylinder to be concentric also has the problems of being time-consuming and having low calibration accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the main objective of this invention is to provide a self-centering welding device, welding equipment, and welding method for vibration dampers. This device can quickly, accurately, and automatically position the oil reservoir cylinder and dust cover cylinder of the vibration damper concentrically, achieving precise welding results. It has the advantages of saving manpower and being easy to operate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A welding self-centering device is provided for a vibration damper, the vibration damper including an oil reservoir cylinder body, one end of which is fixed with a first connecting ring, and the other end of which is provided with a piston rod. An end plate is provided at the outer end of the piston rod, and a second connecting ring facing away from the piston rod is provided on the end plate. A dust cover cylinder is fitted onto the piston rod, one end of which is slidably sleeved with one end of the oil reservoir cylinder body, and the other end of which is used for welding to the end plate. The device includes: The chuck has a first jaw and a second jaw, which are arranged opposite to each other. The first jaw and the second jaw are respectively connected to a first support arm and a second support arm. The first support arm is provided with a first abutting member, and the second support arm is provided with a second abutting member, with the first abutting member and the second abutting member being arranged opposite to each other. The chuck is configured to be rotatably driven to cause the shock absorber to rotate around the axis of the oil reservoir.

[0007] When the shock absorber is positioned, the first claw and the second claw respectively drive the first support arm and the second support arm to approach each other, and the first abutting member and the second abutting member respectively abut against the radial sides of the outer periphery of the first connecting ring, and / or the radial sides of the oil reservoir cylinder body, and / or the radial sides of the dust cover body. When the shock absorber is removed, the first chuck and the second chuck respectively drive the first support arm and the second support arm away from each other.

[0008] Furthermore, the first abutting member includes a first protrusion and a first gripping claw, and the second abutting member includes a second protrusion and a second gripping claw. The first protrusion and the second protrusion are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the chuck, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion are close to the chuck. The first gripping jaw and the second gripping jaw are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the chuck, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion are closer to the chuck than the first gripping jaw and the second gripping jaw. When positioning the shock absorber, the first protrusion and the second protrusion symmetrically abut against the radial sides of the outer periphery of the first connecting ring, and / or the first holding claw and the second holding claw symmetrically hold the radial sides of the oil reservoir cylinder and / or the dust cover cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the first holding gripper and / or the second holding gripper includes a V-shaped gripper, the V-shaped gripper including a first expansion port, the first expansion port holding the surface of the oil reservoir cylinder and / or the surface of the dust cover cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a copper gasket is provided on one side of the surface of the V-shaped gripper that contacts the oil reservoir cylinder and / or the surface of the dust cover cylinder. The copper gasket is connected to a power source, and during welding, the copper gasket is electrically connected to the vibration damper.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a support assembly for assisting in supporting the shock absorber, which is configured close to the first support arm and the second support arm and on the side facing away from the chuck.

[0012] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a base, on which a lifting rod is provided. The lifting rod is connected to a V-shaped support surface, and the V-shaped support surface includes a second expansion port. The oil storage cylinder body and / or the dust cover body are mounted on the second expansion port.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a tail top assembly, wherein the chuck, the support assembly and the tail top assembly are configured to be arranged sequentially on the same straight flow line, and the tail top assembly is used to abut the tail end of the second connecting ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the tail-top assembly includes a platform, on which a pneumatic push rod is provided, the pneumatic push rod pointing towards the outer periphery of the second connecting ring. When the shock absorber is positioned, the dust cover cylinder is placed on the platform, and the pneumatic push rod abuts against the tail end of the second connecting ring.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a slide rail, on which the base and the platform are slidably mounted, and a guide rail locker is provided on the platform to lock the platform onto the slide rail.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a centering clasp, which comprises a first half-ring and a second half-ring. Each half-ring has a wedge-shaped block on one side, and the first half-ring and the second half-ring are respectively hinged to both sides of the chuck via connecting rods. The first semi-ring and the second semi-ring are inserted into the gap between the dust cover cylinder and the oil reservoir cylinder through the inclined surface of the wedge block to adjust the axis of the dust cover cylinder and the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder to be on the same straight line.

[0017] We also provide vibration damper welding equipment, including: The aforementioned welding self-centering device for vibration dampers, A welding robot, wherein the welding robot is equipped with a welding torch, and the welding torch welds a vibration damper positioned on the welding self-centering device; A control cabinet, which is connected to the welding robot, is used to control the welding path of the welding robot; A laser weld seam tracking module, which is located on the same visual line as the welding torch, is used to track the weld seam.

[0018] Furthermore, the laser weld seam tracking module includes: A laser, used to scan point information within the area to be welded; An optical sensor, connected to the laser, is used to acquire images of the location to be welded. The central processing unit, connected to the optical sensor, is used to detect the welding status online and issue welding commands, which are transmitted to the control cabinet.

[0019] A method for welding vibration dampers is also provided, using the aforementioned vibration damper welding equipment, including the following steps: The oil reservoir cylinder body to be welded is placed between the first support arm and the second support arm. The first and second jaws are instructed to drive the first and second support arms closer together, so that the first and second abutting members respectively abut against the symmetrical positions on the outer periphery of the first connecting ring and / or the symmetrical positions on the oil reservoir cylinder and / or the symmetrical positions on the dust cover cylinder, such that the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder and the axis of the dust cover cylinder are on the same straight line. The welding self-centering device further includes a centering retainer ring, which comprises a first half-ring and a second half-ring. Each half-ring has a wedge-shaped block on one side, and the first half-ring and the second half-ring are respectively hinged to both sides of the chuck via connecting rods. The wedge-shaped blocks on the first and second semi-rings are respectively driven to insert into the gap between the dust cover cylinder and the oil reservoir cylinder at the fitting position, so as to adjust the axis of the dust cover cylinder and the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder to be on the same straight line. The welding robot is instructed to perform welding.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The self-centering welding device for vibration dampers in this invention comprises a first support arm and a second support arm, on which a first abutment and a second abutment are respectively mounted. When the vibration damper is long, the first abutment and the second abutment abut at least at the symmetrical points on the outer periphery of the first connecting ring and the symmetrical points on the oil reservoir cylinder, respectively. This allows even a long vibration damper to be quickly positioned on a straight line using the symmetrical points on the outer periphery of the first connecting ring, achieving automatic centering. When the vibration damper is short, the first abutment and the second abutment abut at the symmetrical points on the oil reservoir cylinder and / or the symmetrical points on the oil reservoir cylinder. Utilizing the circular cross-section of the cylinder and its location at the symmetrical points, the cylinder is positioned on a straight line, achieving automatic centering. This facilitates precise welding in the future, overcoming the problem of traditional methods that can only fix but not center. Furthermore, the structure is simple and suitable for large-scale production and application.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a centering retaining ring. One side of the first half-ring and the second half-ring in the centering retaining ring is provided with a wedge-shaped block. By inserting the wedge-shaped block into the gap between the dust cover cylinder and the oil reservoir cylinder, the dust cover cylinder and the oil reservoir cylinder can be stably centered on the same straight line before welding, thus avoiding the problem of tilting between the dust cover cylinder and the oil reservoir cylinder due to the gap between them.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention provides copper gaskets on the surfaces of the first and second abutting members that contact the cylinder. These copper gaskets not only enable the first and second abutting members to abut the cylinder more stably, but also conduct electricity. The high temperature generated by the electric arc between the welding wire and the vibration damper melts the welding wire and welds the vibration damper, simplifying the welding process.

[0023] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a laser weld seam tracking module, which can track the weld seam and achieve precise and rapid welding.

[0024] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration damper in this embodiment.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the welding self-centering device for vibration dampers in this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the welding self-centering device for vibration dampers in this embodiment.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the chuck, support arm and drive motor in this embodiment.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the vibration damper with a short clamping length in this embodiment.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the damper with a clamping length of in this embodiment.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the damper with a long clamping length in this embodiment.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support component in this embodiment.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the tail-top assembly in this embodiment.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the welding robot in this embodiment.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the centering retainer and the vibration damper in this embodiment.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a front view of the welding self-centering device for a vibration damper in this embodiment.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the centering retaining ring inserted into the dust cover cylinder in this embodiment.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1. Oil reservoir body; 2. Dust cover body; 3. First connecting ring; 4. End plate; 5. Second connecting ring; 6. Chuck; 7. First jaw; 8. Second jaw; 9. First support arm; 10. Second support arm; 11. Drive motor; 12. First protrusion; 13. First gripping jaw; 14. Second protrusion; 15. Second gripping jaw; 16. V-shaped jaw; 17. Copper gasket; 18. 181. Support components; 182. Base; 183. Lifting rod; 184. V-shaped support surface; 20. Tail top assembly; 201. Platform; 202. Pneumatic push rod; 21. Slide rail; 22. Guide rail locker; 23. Centering clasp; 231. First half-ring; 232. Second half-ring; 233. Wedge block; 24. Welding robot; 25. Laser weld seam tracking module; 26. Welding torch; 27. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To better illustrate the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0040] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a welding self-centering device for vibration dampers.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the structure of the shock absorber includes an oil reservoir cylinder 1, one end of which is fixed with a first connecting ring 3, and the other end of which is provided with a piston rod. The oil reservoir provides power to the piston rod, and the first connecting ring 3 is used to connect to rail transit.

[0042] The piston rod has an end plate 4 at its outer end, and a second connecting ring 5 facing away from the piston rod is provided on the end plate 4. A dust cover cylinder 2 is fitted on the piston rod. One end of the dust cover cylinder 2 is slidably connected to one end of the oil reservoir cylinder 1, and the other end of the dust cover cylinder 2 is used to weld to the end plate 4. The end plate 4 is used to seal one end of the dust cover cylinder 2. The dust cover cylinder 2 is used to protect the piston rod and prevent dust and gravel generated during vehicle operation from affecting the life of the piston rod. Therefore, during use, one end of the dust cover cylinder 2 is sealed, and the other end is movably fitted onto the oil reservoir cylinder 1.

[0043] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the self-centering device specifically includes: The chuck 6 is provided with a first jaw 7 and a second jaw 8, which are symmetrically arranged opposite to each other. The first jaw 7 and the second jaw 8 are respectively connected to a first support arm 9 and a second support arm 10. Specifically, the chuck 6 can be purchased commercially. In this embodiment, a chuck 6 including at least a first jaw 7 and a second jaw 8 is selected. The first jaw 7 and the second jaw 8 are symmetrically arranged to facilitate subsequent symmetrical contact with the first connecting ring 3 and / or the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and / or the dust cover cylinder 2. The first jaw 7 and the second jaw 8 are respectively connected to a first support arm 9 and a second support arm 10, so that the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10 are driven to move closer or further apart through the first jaw 7 and the second jaw 8.

[0044] The first support arm 9 is provided with a first abutting member, and the second support arm 10 is provided with a second abutting member. The first abutting member and the second abutting member are symmetrically arranged about the axis of chuck. Specifically, the first abutting member and the second abutting member are not only respectively provided on the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10, but also symmetrically arranged opposite each other, so that they can symmetrically abut against the vibration damper and achieve self-centering.

[0045] The drive motor 11 drives the chuck 6 to rotate, and the chuck 6 causes the vibration damper to rotate around its axis. When the shock absorber is positioned, the first claw 7 and the second claw 8 respectively drive the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10 to approach each other, and the first abutting member and the second abutting member respectively abut against the radial sides of the outer periphery of the first connecting ring 3, and / or the radial sides of the oil storage cylinder body 1, and / or the radial sides of the dust cover body 2. The first and second abutting components abut against symmetrical points on the shock absorber, thereby enabling rapid centering.

[0046] When the shock absorber is removed, the first claw 7 and the second claw 8 drive the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10 away from each other, respectively.

[0047] Specifically, the drive motor 11 drives the chuck 6 to rotate, which in turn drives the jaws to rotate. The jaws then drive the support arm to rotate. Since the support arm clamps the shock absorber through the abutment, it also drives the shock absorber to rotate. Because the shock absorber has a cylindrical structure, it rotates around its axis under the drive of the drive motor 11, thus enabling continuous welding of the gap between the middle end plate 4 of the shock absorber and the dust cover cylinder 2. In practical applications, the drive motor can also be other commercially available drive devices.

[0048] Furthermore, the drive motor 11 can rotate in both directions, enabling continuous back-and-forth welding of the gap between the middle end plate 4 of the shock absorber and the dust cover cylinder 2.

[0049] like Figures 2-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the first abutting member includes a first protrusion 12 and a first gripping claw 13, and the second abutting member includes a second protrusion 14 and a second gripping claw 15. The first protrusion 12 and the second protrusion 14 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the chuck 6, and the first protrusion 12 and the second protrusion 14 are close to the chuck 6. The first gripping claw 13 and the second gripping claw 15 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the chuck 6, and the first gripping claw 13 and the second gripping claw 15 are far from the chuck 6. Specifically, the first protrusion 12 and the second protrusion 14 are used to symmetrically abut against the first connecting ring 3, and the first gripping claw 13 and the second gripping claw 15 are used to symmetrically grip the cylinder of the shock absorber. like Figure 7 As shown, when positioning a long shock absorber, the first protrusion 12 and the second protrusion 14 symmetrically abut against the symmetrical positions on the outer periphery of the first connecting ring 3, and the first holding claw 13 and the second holding claw 15 symmetrically hold the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and / or the dust cover cylinder 2 on the symmetrical sides. like Figure 5As shown, when positioning a short-length shock absorber, the first gripping claw 13 and the second gripping claw 15 symmetrically grip the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and / or the dust cover cylinder 2 on their symmetrical sides.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, when the shock absorber is positioned in the length, the first gripping claw 13 and the second gripping claw 15 are symmetrically gripped on both sides of the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and / or the dust cover cylinder 2.

[0051] Specifically, when the shock absorber is long, the first connecting ring 3 needs to be placed between the first protrusion 12 and the second protrusion 14. Since the diameter of the first connecting ring 3 is the same as the cross-sectional diameter of the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and the dust cover cylinder 2, the first protrusion 12, the second protrusion 14, the first gripping claw 13, and the second gripping claw can all grip the corresponding first connecting ring 3 and the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and / or the dust cover cylinder 2, thus enabling the long shock absorber to quickly self-center.

[0052] When the length of the shock absorber is short, the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and / or the dust cover cylinder 2 can be held by the first holding claw 13 and the second holding claw, so as to achieve a faster self-centering shock absorber.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the first holding claw 13 and / or the second holding claw 15 include V-shaped claws, and the first expansion port of the V-shaped claws holds the surface of the oil storage cylinder body 1 and / or the dust cover body 2.

[0054] Specifically, the first gripping claw 13 and / or the second gripping claw are designed as V-shaped claws to better fit the surface of the relevant cylinder. Furthermore, the first gripping claw 13 and / or the second gripping claw 15 are also divided into two gripping claw units for respectively gripping the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and the dust cover cylinder 2, enabling simultaneous gripping of both the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and the dust cover cylinder 2. The gripping range of the claws corresponding to the oil reservoir cylinder 1 is Ø65~Ø140mm, and the gripping range of the claws corresponding to the dust cover cylinder 2 is Ø75~Ø150mm.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner side of the V-shaped gripper contacts the surface of the oil reservoir cylinder 1 or the dust cover cylinder 2. The inner side is provided with a copper gasket 17, which is connected to a power source. During welding, the copper gasket is electrically connected to the vibration damper.

[0056] Specifically, the copper pad 17 not only enables the first and second abutting members to abut against the cylinder more stably, but also enables the copper pad 17 to conduct electricity, thereby generating high temperature between the welding wire and the vibration damper, melting the welding wire and welding the vibration damper, thus simplifying the welding process.

[0057] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, a support component 18 is also included. The support component 18 is used to assist in supporting the shock absorber and is configured to be close to the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10 and to the side facing away from the chuck 6.

[0058] Specifically, the support component 18 only serves a supporting function. The support component 18 is located near the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10, so that the tail end of the shock absorber can be placed on the support component, further improving the self-centering effect.

[0059] In this embodiment, the support assembly includes a base 181, on which a lifting rod 182 is provided. The lifting rod 182 is connected to a V-shaped support surface 183. The second expansion port of the V-shaped support surface 183 is used to support the oil storage cylinder body 1 and / or the dust cover body 2.

[0060] Specifically, the base in the support assembly 18 serves as the bottom foundation, while the lifting rod 182 raises and lowers the V-shaped support surface, allowing the V-shaped support surface to flexibly adapt to the size of the shock absorber. Furthermore, the lifting rod 182 is connected to a handwheel and a motor, allowing the height of the lifting rod to be adjusted via either the handwheel or the motor.

[0061] like Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, a tail top assembly 20 is also included. The chuck 6, the support assembly 18 and the tail top assembly 20 are configured to be arranged sequentially on the same straight flow line. The tail top assembly 20 is used to abut the tail end of the second connecting ring 5.

[0062] Specifically, since the chuck 6, the support assembly 18 and the tail top assembly 20 are arranged sequentially on the same straight flow line, and the tail top assembly 20 is located at the very end of the shock absorber, the tail top assembly 20 can position the entire shock absorber in a straight line without shifting by pressing against the second connecting ring 5 on the shock absorber.

[0063] In this embodiment, the tail-top assembly 20 includes a platform 201, on which a pneumatic push rod 202 is provided. The pneumatic push rod 202 points towards the outer periphery of the second connecting ring 5. When the shock absorber is positioned, the dust cover cylinder 2 is placed on the platform 201, and the pneumatic push rod 202 abuts against the tail end of the second connecting ring 5.

[0064] Specifically, when the shock absorber is long enough, the tail end of the dust cover cylinder 2 will be placed on the platform 201. The pneumatic push rod 202 is achieved by setting a cylinder, connecting the rod to the cylinder, and driving the rod towards the end of the second connecting ring 5 to push against the entire shock absorber.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a slide rail 21 is also included. The base 181 and the platform 201 are slidably connected to the slide rail 21. The platform 201 is provided with a guide rail locker 22, which locks the platform 201 to the slide rail 21. The guide rail locker 22 can be locked by mechanical structures such as a handle or knob.

[0066] Specifically, the base 181 and the platform 201 are slidably connected to the slide rail 21, so that the positions of the base 181 and the platform 201 can be adjusted to quickly control the positions of the corresponding support component 18 and tail top component 20.

[0067] like Figures 11-13 As shown, this embodiment also includes a centering ring 23, which includes a first half-ring 231 and a second half-ring 232. The first half-ring 231 and the second half-ring 232 are each connected to the slide rail 21 and other positions via a connecting rod 27. In use, the positions of the first half-ring 231 and the second half-ring 232 are adjusted by the connecting rod 27. A wedge block 233 is provided on one side of each half-ring. The cross-section of the wedge block is a right angle or has a beveled shape.

[0068] The first semi-ring 231 and the second semi-ring 232 are inserted into the gap between the dust cover cylinder 2 and the oil reservoir cylinder 1 through the inclined surface of the wedge block 233 so that the axis of the dust cover cylinder 2 and the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder 1 are on the same straight line.

[0069] Specifically, when it is necessary to further improve the concentricity of the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and the dust cover cylinder 2, a centering ring 23 is used. The side of the centering ring 23 is provided with a wedge-shaped block. By inserting the wedge-shaped block into the gap between the sleeve position of the dust cover cylinder 2 and the oil reservoir cylinder 1, the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and the dust cover cylinder 2 can be automatically positioned in a concentric position.

[0070] Example 2 To further illustrate the welding process, this embodiment also discloses vibration damper welding equipment, including... The welding self-centering device for the shock absorber described in Example 1 is used to self-center the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and the dust cover cylinder 2 of the shock absorber.

[0071] like Figure 10The welding robot 24 shown is equipped with a welding torch 26; specifically, the welding robot 24 welds the corresponding positions, and the welding torch 26 is used to weld the vibration damper positioned on the self-centering device.

[0072] A control cabinet, which is connected to the welding robot 24, is used to control the welding path of the welding robot 24; Specifically, the control cabinet is equipped with a numerical control circuit for controlling the welding path of the welding robot 24.

[0073] The laser weld seam tracking module 25 is located on the same visual line as the welding torch 26 and is used to track the weld seam.

[0074] Specifically, the laser weld seam tracking module 25 addresses common issues related to detection range, detection capability, and the welding process. It can correct weld seam deviations in real time and track the weld seam, precisely guiding the welding torch 26 for automatic welding. This effectively solves problems caused by weld seam deviations, ensuring perfect weld formation. Its interference area is more reasonable compared to other cameras, making it applicable to more scenarios. Furthermore, the laser weld seam tracking module 25 includes a laser used to scan point information within the area to be welded. An optical sensor, connected to the laser, is used to image the location to be welded. The central processing unit, connected to the optical sensor, is used to detect the welding status online and issue welding commands, which are transmitted to the control cabinet.

[0075] Specifically, the laser can be a structured light laser, typically a line laser or a point laser. Before welding, the laser projects structured light stripes onto the area to be welded. These stripes will deform due to the surface morphology of the workpiece (such as bevels, joint gaps, misalignments, etc.). The laser has a built-in scanning mechanism or works in conjunction with an external galvanometer system to quickly cover all points within the area to be welded, acquiring high-density three-dimensional position information.

[0076] The optical sensor is linked to the laser and typically employs an industrial CMOS or CCD camera, equipped with a narrow-band filter matched to the laser wavelength to effectively suppress interference from welding arc light, spatter, and high-temperature radiation. The sensor continuously acquires images of the laser stripes at a specific angle (such as the receiving angle in triangulation) to obtain a two-dimensional grayscale image of the weld area or a laser stripe deformation image. High-speed image transmission is achieved internally by the sensor or through real-time communication with a central processing unit, ensuring real-time tracking of the dynamic weld seam during the welding process.

[0077] The central processing unit (CPU) embeds high-performance image processing algorithms (such as laser stripe centerline extraction, feature point detection, and Hough transform) to rapidly process images acquired by the optical sensor. First, the processor extracts the geometric distortion features of the laser stripes from the image and calculates the actual position, width, depth, and other three-dimensional morphological data of the weld seam based on triangulation principles. Second, the processor compares this data with a preset ideal weld seam trajectory in real time to calculate the actual deviation. Based on the deviation, the CPU determines the welding status online (e.g., whether there is deviation, whether the gap is too large, etc.) and dynamically generates welding commands. These commands mainly include motion corrections for the welding robot or welding machine (e.g., X / Y / Z axis offset compensation) and optional welding parameter adjustments (e.g., wire feed speed, oscillation width, etc.). The commands are transmitted in real time to the control cabinet via industrial bus (e.g., EtherCAT, Profinet) or digital I / O, and the control cabinet drives the robot end effector or welding torch tracking mechanism to perform real-time correction, thus forming a closed-loop weld seam tracking system.

[0078] Example 3 The vibration damper welding method disclosed in this embodiment uses the above-mentioned vibration damper welding equipment and includes the following steps: Place the oil reservoir cylinder 1 to be welded between the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10. The chuck 6 is instructed to drive the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10 closer together, so that the first abutting member and the second abutting member respectively abut against the symmetrical positions on the outer periphery of the first connecting ring 3, and / or the symmetrical positions on the oil reservoir cylinder 1, and / or the symmetrical positions on the dust cover cylinder 2, so that the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and the axis of the dust cover cylinder 2 are on the same straight line. A copper pad 17 is provided on the first abutment and / or the second abutment. The copper pad 17 is connected to a power source. The welding wire is installed on the welding gun. During welding, the electric arc between the welding wire and the damper generates high temperature, which melts the welding wire and welds the damper. The laser weld seam tracking module is used to track the position of the weld seam.

[0079] Specifically, step one: workpiece clamping and positioning. The damper assembly to be welded (including the oil reservoir cylinder 1, the first connecting ring 3, the dust cover cylinder 2, etc.) is placed in the working area of ​​the welding equipment, specifically with the oil reservoir cylinder 1 positioned in the clamping position between the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10. At this time, the first and second abutting parts are in an initially open state, facilitating the placement of the workpiece.

[0080] Adjust the workpiece orientation so that the end of the oil reservoir cylinder 1 to be welded is opposite to the end of the dust cover cylinder 2 to be welded, and pre-align them.

[0081] Step 2: Automatic centering and clamping The control system (such as a PLC or industrial computer) issues a clamping command to the chuck 6. The chuck 6 drives the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10 to move closer to each other along the clamping direction.

[0082] As the support arm moves, the first and second abutting components contact the outer periphery of the shock absorber. Because the abutting components are designed symmetrically, they simultaneously abut one or a combination of the following locations: symmetrical points on the outer periphery of the first connecting ring 3; symmetrical points on the outer periphery of the oil reservoir cylinder 1; and symmetrical points on the outer periphery of the dust cover cylinder 2. This symmetrical clamping method automatically adjusts the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder 1 and the axis of the dust cover cylinder 2 to be on the same straight line, ensuring welding alignment with an error controllable within ≤0.2mm.

[0083] Step 3: Setting up copper gasket 17 and soldering circuit A copper gasket 17 is pre-installed on the first and / or second abutment members. The copper gasket has high electrical and thermal conductivity, and its surface is in close contact with the workpiece to be welded.

[0084] The copper pad is connected to the negative (or positive, depending on the welding process) terminal of the welding power source via a wire, forming part of the welding circuit.

[0085] Install the welding wire into the contact tip of the welding torch, and connect the welding torch to the other pole (positive pole) of the welding power source. Turn on the shielding gas (e.g., 80% Ar + 20% CO2), with the flow rate preset to 15~20 L / min.

[0086] Step 4: Laser weld seam tracking start-up and welding execution The laser weld seam tracking module is activated. The laser projects structured light into the area to be welded, the optical sensor acquires images of the weld seam morphology in real time, and the central processing unit calculates the deviation between the actual weld seam trajectory and the theoretical trajectory.

[0087] At the start of welding, the arc is initiated: the welding torch makes instantaneous contact with the workpiece and is then withdrawn, forming an electric arc. The electric arc generates high temperatures (approximately 6000~15000℃), which melt the tip of the welding wire and the edge of the workpiece bevel, forming a molten pool.

[0088] During the welding process, the laser weld seam tracking module continuously monitors the weld seam: the central processing unit outputs correction signals to the control cabinet in real time based on the weld seam deviation, and the control cabinet drives the first support arm 9 / second support arm 10 or the external robot axis to make fine adjustments to ensure that the welding torch is always aligned with the center of the weld seam. At the same time, the heat of the electric arc continuously melts the welding wire, filling the gap to be welded and fusing with the material of the vibration damper body to form a strong welded joint.

[0089] Copper gasket 17 conducts heat quickly and can rapidly remove excess heat, preventing overheating and deformation of the workpiece. It is especially suitable for welding thin-walled oil reservoir cylinder body 1.

[0090] Step 5: Welding completed and parts removed Upon reaching the set welding length (e.g., one revolution of circumferential welding) or receiving a stop signal, the central processing unit issues an arc-extinguishing command, stops wire feeding and power output, and delays gas cut-off in the welding torch to protect the molten pool.

[0091] The chuck 6 drives the first support arm 9 and the second support arm 10 away from each other, releasing the workpiece. The operator removes the welded damper assembly and checks the weld formation quality.

[0092] For different types of vibration dampers, the welding parameters (current, voltage, welding speed) need to be preset in the control cabinet according to the workpiece wall thickness and material, or can be dynamically adjusted by the central processor of the laser weld seam tracking module according to the gap size.

[0093] It also includes a centering clasp 23, which comprises a first half-ring 231 and a second half-ring 232. Each half-ring has a wedge-shaped block on one side, and the first half-ring 231 and the second half-ring 232 are respectively hinged to both sides of the chuck 6 via connecting rods. The wedge-shaped blocks on the first semi-ring 231 and the second semi-ring 232 are respectively driven to insert into the gap between the dust cover cylinder 2 and the oil reservoir cylinder 1 to adjust the axis of the dust cover cylinder 2 and the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder 1 to be on the same straight line. The welding robot is instructed to perform welding.

[0094] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A welding self-centering device for a vibration damper, the vibration damper comprising an oil reservoir cylinder (1), one end of the oil reservoir cylinder (1) being fixed with a first connecting ring (3), the other end of the oil reservoir cylinder (1) being provided with a piston rod, the outer end of the piston rod being provided with an end plate (4), the end plate (4) being provided with a second connecting ring (5) facing away from the piston rod, a dust cover cylinder (2) being sleeved on the piston rod, one end of the dust cover cylinder (2) being slidably sleeved with one end of the oil reservoir cylinder (1), and the other end of the dust cover cylinder (2) being used for welding with the end plate (4), characterized in that, The device includes: A chuck (6) is provided with a first jaw (7) and a second jaw (8), the first jaw (7) and the second jaw (8) being arranged opposite to each other, and the first jaw (7) and the second jaw (8) being respectively connected to a first support arm (9) and a second support arm (10). The first support arm (9) is provided with a first abutting member, and the second support arm (10) is provided with a second abutting member. The first abutting member and the second abutting member are arranged opposite to each other. The chuck (6) is configured to be rotatably driven to drive the shock absorber to rotate around the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder (1); When the shock absorber is positioned, the first claw (7) and the second claw (8) drive the first support arm (9) and the second support arm (10) to approach each other respectively, and the first abutting member and the second abutting member abut against the outer periphery of the first connecting ring (3) on both radial sides, and / or the radial sides of the oil reservoir cylinder (1), and / or the radial sides of the dust cover cylinder (2) respectively. When the shock absorber is removed, the first claw (7) and the second claw (8) drive the first support arm (9) and the second support arm (10) away from each other, respectively.

2. The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first abutment includes a first protrusion (12) and a first gripping claw (13), and the second abutment includes a second protrusion (14) and a second gripping claw (15). The first protrusion (12) and the second protrusion (14) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the chuck (6). The first protrusion (12) and the second protrusion (14) are close to the chuck (6). The first holding jaw (13) and the second holding jaw (15) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the chuck (6). The first protrusion (12) and the second protrusion (14) are closer to the chuck (6) than the first holding jaw (13) and the second holding jaw (15). When positioning the shock absorber, the first protrusion (12) and the second protrusion (14) symmetrically abut against the radial sides of the outer periphery of the first connecting ring (3), and / or the first holding claw (13) and the second holding claw (15) symmetrically hold the oil reservoir cylinder (1) and / or the dust cover cylinder (2) on both radial sides.

3. The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first holding gripper (13) and / or the second holding gripper (15) include V-shaped grippers, the V-shaped grippers including a first expansion port, the first expansion port holding the surface of the oil reservoir cylinder (1) and / or the surface of the dust cover cylinder (2).

4. The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to claim 3, characterized in that, A copper gasket is provided on one side of the surface of the oil reservoir cylinder (1) and / or the surface of the dust cover cylinder (2) of the V-shaped gripper. The copper gasket is connected to a power source. During welding, the copper gasket is electrically connected to the vibration damper.

5. The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support assembly for assisting in supporting the shock absorber, which is configured to be close to the first support arm (9) and the second support arm (10) and to the side facing away from the chuck (6).

6. The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support assembly (18) includes a base (181), on which a lifting rod (182) is provided. The lifting rod is connected to a V-shaped support surface (183), which includes a second expansion port. The oil storage cylinder body (1) and / or the dust cover body (2) are mounted on the second expansion port.

7. The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a tail top assembly (20), wherein the chuck (6), the support assembly and the tail top assembly are configured to be arranged sequentially on the same straight flow line, and the tail top assembly is used to abut the tail end of the second connecting ring (5).

8. The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tail-top assembly (20) includes a platform (201) on which a pneumatic push rod (202) is provided. The pneumatic push rod (202) points to the outer periphery of the second connecting ring (5). When the shock absorber is positioned, the dust cover cylinder (2) is placed on the platform (201), and the pneumatic push rod (202) abuts against the tail end of the second connecting ring (5).

9. The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a slide rail (21), the base and the platform (201) are slidably mounted on the slide rail (21), and the platform (201) is provided with a guide rail locker (22), which locks the platform (201) onto the slide rail (21).

10. The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a centering clasp (23), which includes a first half-ring (231) and a second half-ring (232). Each half-ring has a wedge-shaped block (233) on one side. The first half-ring (231) and the second half-ring (232) are respectively hinged to both sides of the chuck (6) by connecting rods. The first semi-ring (231) and the second semi-ring (232) are inserted through the inclined surface of the wedge block into the gap between the dust cover cylinder (2) and the oil storage cylinder (1) to adjust the axis of the dust cover cylinder (2) and the axis of the oil storage cylinder (1) to be on the same straight line.

11. A vibration damper welding device, characterized in that, include: The welding self-centering device for vibration dampers according to any one of claims 1 to 10 A welding robot, wherein the welding robot is equipped with a welding torch, and the welding torch welds a vibration damper positioned on the welding self-centering device; A control cabinet, which is connected to the welding robot, is used to control the welding path of the welding robot; A laser weld seam tracking module, which is located on the same visual line as the welding torch, is used to track the weld seam.

12. The vibration damper welding equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that, The laser weld seam tracking module includes: A laser, used to scan point information within the area to be welded; An optical sensor, connected to the laser, is used to acquire images of the location to be welded. The central processing unit, connected to the optical sensor, is used to detect the welding status online and issue welding commands, which are transmitted to the control cabinet.

13. A welding method for a vibration damper, characterized in that, Using the vibration damper welding equipment according to claim 11 or 12, the steps include: Place the oil reservoir cylinder body (1) to be welded between the first support arm (9) and the second support arm (10). The first jaw (7) and the second jaw (8) are instructed to drive the first support arm (9) and the second support arm (10) to move closer to each other, so that the first abutting member and the second abutting member respectively abut against the symmetrical position of the outer periphery of the first connecting ring (3) and / or the symmetrical position of the oil reservoir cylinder (1) and / or the symmetrical position of the dust cover cylinder (2), so that the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder (1) and the axis of the dust cover cylinder (2) are on the same straight line. The welding self-centering device further includes a centering retainer (23), which comprises a first half-ring and a second half-ring. Each half-ring has a wedge-shaped block (233) on one side. The first half-ring and the second half-ring are respectively hinged to both sides of the chuck (6) via connecting rods. The wedge blocks on the first and second semi-rings are driven to insert into the gap between the dust cover cylinder (2) and the oil reservoir cylinder (1) to adjust the axis of the dust cover cylinder (2) and the axis of the oil reservoir cylinder (1) to be on the same straight line. The welding robot is instructed to perform welding.

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