An integrated detection system based on the length and runout of a numerical control tool

Abstract

The application discloses a numerical control cutter length and run-out integrated detection system, which comprises a detection base, a pressing coaxial centering clamping assembly, a cutter length precision detection mechanism, a radial run-out detection mechanism, an end face run-out detection mechanism and a closed-loop calibration unit. The pressing coaxial centering clamping assembly is provided with a unique coaxial centering reference, so that the cumulative error of clamping is solved, the integrated detection mechanism is used for realizing synchronous detection through one-time clamping, the closed-loop calibration unit is used for realizing multi-parameter linkage compensation, the full-stroke dustproof structure is used for prolonging the service life of the equipment, and therefore the batch cutter detection demand of high efficiency and high precision is met, and the numerical control cutter is suitable for off-machine integrated detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision testing equipment for CNC cutting tools, and in particular to an integrated testing system based on the tool length and runout of CNC cutting tools. Background Technology

[0002] In precision CNC machining, the geometric accuracy of the cutting tool directly determines the machining quality and production efficiency. Tool length and rotary runout are two key control indicators. Deviations in tool length can lead to excessive machining depth and the scrapping of batches of parts; while radial and facial runout errors can exacerbate tool wear, cause cutting chatter, and form vibration marks on the workpiece surface, affecting surface quality and tool life. Currently, the testing of these two parameters is mostly carried out independently, requiring repeated tool disassembly and reassembly, multiple alignments, inconsistent positioning benchmarks, and easy accumulation of errors. This results in low testing efficiency, inability to link data for compensation, and excessive use of machine tool resources.

[0003] In actual machining processes, due to factors such as tool manufacturing errors, tool holder mounting errors, and spindle assembly errors, the axis of the tool assembly and the axis of spindle rotation are difficult to perfectly coincide, resulting in tool runout errors. Runout is mainly divided into two categories: radial runout and axial runout. Radial runout manifests as the radial oscillation of the tool cutting edge, while axial runout manifests as the axial movement of the tool end face. The existence of runout errors not only accelerates tool wear and causes cutting chatter, but also forms vibration marks on the workpiece surface, seriously affecting machining accuracy and surface quality. At the same time, tool length errors can directly lead to insufficient machining depth or overcutting, resulting in batch scrap. Therefore, tool length and runout must be detected before the tool is installed on the machine.

[0004] Currently, there are three main types of tool inspection technologies in the industry. The characteristics and shortcomings of these technologies are as follows, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-efficiency, high-precision, and integrated production: 1) Split-type contact detection method: This method uses an independent tool setter to detect the tool length, and then manually detects the runout using a dial indicator. Due to the split-type detection mode, the tool needs to be disassembled and repositioned multiple times, leading to significant accumulation of clamping and human errors. Furthermore, the sliding guides of traditional detection equipment are often exposed, making them susceptible to dust and cutting fluid intrusion, causing jamming and wear, and affecting the equipment's lifespan. Additionally, the lack of multi-directional precision fine-tuning structures makes dial indicator alignment cumbersome and adjustment inaccurate, preventing the integrated and simultaneous detection of tool length and runout. 2) In-machine vision non-contact inspection method: such as the in-machine vision inspection instrument disclosed in patent CN111692969B, which relies on the machine tool spindle to carry a vision system to realize tool runout detection. However, this solution only has the runout detection function and cannot complete tool length detection. The equipment must be attached to the CNC machine tool spindle for online use, occupying the machine tool processing station for a long time and reducing production efficiency. At the same time, there is no independent guide rail moving dustproof structure, nor is there a multi-directional fine adjustment mechanism, which cannot flexibly adapt to different specifications of tools. The detection function is single and the integration is low. 3) Partially integrated testing equipment: Although attempts have been made to combine tool length and runout detection, there are still obvious defects: there is no independent coaxial centering clamping structure, resulting in large tool clamping repeatability errors; there is no closed-loop calibration unit, so tool length and runout data cannot be linked for correction, and it is impossible to use tool length data to compensate for runout detection position deviation or to reverse verify the tool clamping status; the overall protection performance is insufficient, the guide rail has no dust protection, and long-term use is prone to accuracy drift, making it difficult to meet the stability requirements of batch tool testing in the workshop; 4) Although existing external integrated testing equipment has achieved combined detection of tool length and runout, it uses a three-jaw chuck or spring collet for manual clamping, resulting in low centering accuracy (usually ≥0.01mm) and no closed-loop calibration function, making it impossible to achieve multi-parameter linkage compensation. Furthermore, in the prior art, patent CN111774930B describes a vision-based on-machine tool setting instrument and its tool setting method. This patent is only used for CNC tool length measurement and can only realize the detection of a single parameter, namely tool length. It cannot simultaneously detect radial runout and facial runout. The equipment adopts an on-machine installation method and must be attached to the CNC machine tool, occupying the machine tool's processing resources. At the same time, it lacks an error calibration and compensation structure, and the tool length detection data cannot be linked with the runout data for correction, thus limiting the detection accuracy. It also lacks guide rail dust protection and multi-directional precision fine-tuning mechanism, making it difficult to adapt to the rapid alignment and detection of diverse tools.

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention solves the problem of accumulated clamping errors by setting a unique coaxial centering reference for the press-type clamping assembly, achieves synchronous detection during a single clamping through an integrated detection mechanism, realizes multi-parameter linkage compensation through a closed-loop calibration unit, and extends the service life of the equipment through a full-stroke dustproof structure, thereby meeting the needs of high-efficiency and high-precision batch tool inspection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an integrated detection system based on the tool length and runout of CNC cutting tools.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: An integrated detection system for CNC cutting tool length and runout includes a detection base, a press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly, a tool length precision detection mechanism, a radial runout detection mechanism, an end face runout detection mechanism, and a closed-loop calibration unit; the bottom of the detection base is provided with elastic anti-vibration and leveling pads. The press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly is fixedly installed on the detection base, providing a unique coaxial centering reference for the system. The tool length precision detection mechanism, radial runout detection mechanism, and end face runout detection mechanism are installed on the same sliding and lifting support. The sliding and lifting support is slidably connected to the X-axis linear guide and is equipped with a locking mechanism, which can lock and fix it at any position, driving each detection mechanism to move along the X-axis, so as to realize the synchronous acquisition of three parameters of tool length, radial runout, and end face runout in the same clamping position, the same rotation axis, and a single clamping. The closed-loop calibration unit is electrically connected to each detection mechanism and is used to perform linkage calibration and compensation on the three acquired parameters.

[0008] Furthermore, the press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly includes a fixed base, an elastic open centering sleeve, a return spring, and a drive rod; the fixed base has a tapered self-locking inner conical surface inside, and the outer wall of the elastic open centering sleeve is fully in contact with the inner conical surface; when the drive rod presses down, the elastic open centering sleeve contracts evenly along the radial direction of the conical surface, and automatic centering and clamping are achieved by relying on the self-locking angle of the conical surface; after the external force is released, the return spring pushes the elastic open centering sleeve upward to expand along the radial direction of the conical surface until it is fully in contact with the inner conical surface of the fixed base and resets, thereby achieving automatic tool release.

[0009] Furthermore, the precision tool length detection mechanism includes a limiting guide bracket, a quick-change contour clamping assembly, and a digital length measuring caliper. The quick-change contour clamping assembly includes a contour base, a positioning pin, and an eccentric locking handle. The contour base is fixed on the limiting guide bracket and has a contour groove that matches the shape of the digital length measuring caliper. The digital length measuring caliper is fixed on the limiting guide bracket via the quick-change contour clamping assembly, enabling quick replacement of digital length measuring calipers with different measuring ranges to adapt to tools of different lengths. The limiting guide bracket is parallel to the X-axis linear guide rail, ensuring that the sliding direction of the digital length measuring caliper is consistent with the tool axis.

[0010] Furthermore, both the radial runout detection mechanism and the end face runout detection mechanism are mounted on the YZ bidirectional fine-tuning frame; the radial runout detection mechanism includes a radial dial indicator, and the end face runout detection mechanism includes an end face dial indicator; the YZ bidirectional fine-tuning frame is mounted on a sliding and lifting support, enabling Z-axis vertical movement and Y-axis forward and backward fine-tuning, causing the radial dial indicator to conform to the outer surface of the tool and the end face dial indicator to conform to the end face of the tool; the end face runout detection mechanism is also provided with an angle fine-tuning support, which is hinged to the mounting base of the end face dial indicator via a rotating shaft, and can deflect around the rotating shaft to adjust the perpendicularity of the end face dial indicator.

[0011] Furthermore, the X-axis linear guide rail is equipped with a telescopic dust cover, which extends and retracts synchronously with the sliding and lifting support throughout the entire stroke, achieving full-stroke airtight protection; the YZ bidirectional micro-adjustment frame is equipped with a position sensor and a reset button, which can record the Z-axis lifting and Y-axis forward and backward positions of the detection head and return to the reference position with one key.

[0012] Furthermore, the closed-loop calibration unit includes a microcontroller, a data acquisition module, and a human-machine interface, with the data acquisition module connected to the output of each testing institution.

[0013] Furthermore, the closed-loop calibration unit incorporates a height linkage correction module, a clamping error reverse verification module, and a multi-parameter closed-loop complementary module, each implemented based on microcontroller program instructions. The height linkage correction module stores a mathematical model corresponding to the tool length and the runout detection reference height, calculating and adjusting the runout detection reference height based on the measured tool length data. The clamping error reverse verification module collects runout data from points evenly distributed per revolution of the tool, performs sine curve fitting using the least squares method, and determines that there is a clamping perpendicularity or coaxiality deviation if the fitting degree is lower than a preset threshold, calculating the deviation value based on the amplitude and phase of the fitted curve. The multi-parameter closed-loop complementary module compensates for the runout detection reference height based on the tool length data, corrects the tool length detection result based on the runout data, and completes error tracing.

[0014] Furthermore, the detection base is an integral cast iron structure, and the elastic shock-absorbing and leveling foot pad adopts a rubber and metal composite structure, with flexible shock-absorbing material filling the inside.

[0015] Furthermore, the radial and end-face measuring dial indicators have an accuracy of not less than 0.01 mm, and the digital length measuring caliper has an accuracy of not less than 0.01 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the closed-loop calibration unit is also equipped with a data storage and export module, which includes a storage unit and a data transmission interface.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixed base is equipped with a precision rotary bearing, and an elastic open centering sleeve is installed on the inner ring of the rotary bearing to ensure that the tool rotates smoothly and the centering coaxiality is ≤0.005mm.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) This invention solves the problems of traditional tool detection having a single function, large accumulation of clamping errors, low detection efficiency, and occupying machine tool resources for on-machine detection. With an integrated off-machine detection method, multiple parameters such as tool length, radial runout, and end face runout can be detected simultaneously in one clamping, without the need for repeated disassembly and positioning, which greatly improves detection efficiency and data consistency. (2) By setting up an X-direction moving dustproof mechanism and a YZ bidirectional fine-tuning frame, the present invention achieves multi-directional precise fine-tuning and alignment of the testing instrument on the basis of fully enclosed protection of the guide rail. This not only avoids the wear and tear of the equipment caused by workshop dust, but also reduces the difficulty of manual alignment, and improves the testing accuracy and service life of the equipment. (3) The present invention realizes the linkage correction of tool length data and runout data and bidirectional error compensation through closed-loop calibration unit. It not only corrects the system error caused by different tool lengths, but also verifies the tool clamping status in reverse, and offsets the detection deviation caused by clamping skew, eccentricity, etc., thereby improving the stability and accuracy of detection data. (4) The present invention uses a press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly as a unified reference, and with anti-vibration leveling pads, it can effectively isolate workshop vibration interference, centering coaxiality ≤0.005mm, tool length detection accuracy can reach ±0.01mm, runout detection accuracy can reach ±0.001mm, operation is convenient, and it is suitable for batch quality inspection of various CNC tools. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the X-direction moving dustproof mechanism; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the YZ bidirectional fine-tuning frame; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the end face runout detection mechanism. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the precision tool length detection mechanism. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the closed-loop calibration unit; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the radial runout detection mechanism. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly; Figure 10 This is a signal flow diagram for the closed-loop calibration unit.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Detection base, 2-Press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly, 3-Precision tool length detection mechanism, 4-Radial runout detection mechanism, 5-End face runout detection mechanism, 6-Closed-loop calibration unit, 7-Elastic anti-vibration leveling pad, 8-Fixed base, 9-Elastic open centering sleeve, 10-Reset spring, 11-Drive rod, 12-Limit guide bracket, 13-Quick-change contour clamping assembly, 14-Digital length detection caliper, 15-X-direction linear guide rail, 16-Sliding and lifting support, 17-YZ bidirectional fine-tuning frame, 18-Radial detection dial indicator, 19-Angle fine-tuning support, 20-End face detection dial indicator, 21-Telescopic dust cover. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in a non-limiting manner below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1: In this invention, the X direction is defined as the horizontal transverse direction (parallel to the length direction of the detection base), the Y direction is the horizontal front-back direction, and the Z direction is the vertical direction.

[0023] like Figure 1-10 As shown, this invention is an integrated detection system for CNC cutting tool length and runout, comprising a detection base 1, an X-axis moving dustproof mechanism, a press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly 2, a tool length precision detection mechanism 3, a radial runout detection mechanism 4, an end face runout detection mechanism 5, a YZ bidirectional fine-tuning frame 17, and a closed-loop calibration unit 6; wherein, the press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly 2 is fixedly installed in the middle of the detection base 1, the X-axis moving dustproof mechanism is horizontally arranged and installed on the upper part of the detection base 1, the YZ bidirectional fine-tuning frame 17 is slidably assembled above the X-axis moving dustproof mechanism, and the tool length precision detection mechanism 3, the radial runout detection mechanism 4, and the end face runout detection mechanism 5 are all fixedly installed on the YZ bidirectional fine-tuning frame 17. On the fine-tuning frame 17, the closed-loop calibration unit 6 is electrically connected to the tool length precision detection mechanism 3, the radial runout detection mechanism 4, and the end face runout detection mechanism 5, respectively. The closed-loop calibration unit 6 is an integrated electronic control unit that can correct the runout reference height based on the tool length data, verify the clamping status based on the runout data, and realize multi-parameter linkage calibration compensation. This system uses the press-type coaxial centering clamping component 2 as the only coaxial reference, and completes the precision detection of tool length, radial runout, and end face runout simultaneously in one clamping. The centering accuracy is high, and the detection accuracy can reach: tool length ±0.01mm and runout ±0.001mm. It solves the problems of error accumulation, low efficiency, and machine tool occupation in traditional split detection, and is suitable for the batch precision detection needs of the workshop.

[0024] This invention organically combines three technical features: press-type coaxial centering clamping with simultaneous acquisition of three parameters and multi-parameter closed-loop calibration. In existing technologies, press-type centering structures are mostly used in rapid clamping scenarios and rarely applied to high-precision runout detection; while closed-loop calibration is typically used only for error compensation of a single parameter. This invention, through the organic combination of press-type coaxial centering clamping, simultaneous acquisition of three parameters, and multi-parameter closed-loop calibration, achieves bidirectional constraint compensation for tool length and runout data, achieving the technical effect of simultaneous detection and automatic calibration in a single clamping operation.

[0025] The detection base 1 has multiple sets of elastic anti-vibration and leveling pads 7 evenly installed at its bottom; the press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly 2 consists of a fixed base 8, an elastic open centering sleeve 9, a return spring 10, and a drive rod 11. The elastic open centering sleeve 9 is nested inside the fixed base 8, the return spring 10 is vertically installed on the inner side of the bottom end of the fixed base 8, and the lower end of the drive rod 11 is in contact with the top end of the elastic open centering sleeve 9; the X-axis moving dustproof mechanism includes an X-axis linear guide rail 15, a sliding and lifting support 16, and a telescopic dustproof cover 21. The telescopic dustproof cover 21 wraps around the outside of the X-axis linear guide rail 15 and extends and retracts synchronously with the sliding and lifting support 16; the tool length precision detection mechanism 3 includes a limiting guide bracket 12, a quick-change contour clamping assembly 13, and a digital display length detection caliper 1. 4; The radial runout detection mechanism 4 includes a radial detection dial indicator 18; The end face runout detection mechanism 5 includes an angle fine-tuning support 19 and an end face detection dial indicator 20; The closed-loop calibration unit 6 has a built-in height linkage correction module, a clamping error reverse verification module, and a multi-parameter closed-loop complementary module; The height linkage correction module corrects the height error of the runout detection point based on the measured tool length data; The clamping error reverse verification module uses the runout value to determine the tool clamping skew and eccentricity; The multi-parameter closed-loop complementary module realizes bidirectional constraint compensation of tool length data and runout data; The whole system uses the press-type coaxial centering clamping component 2 as the only coaxial centering reference, and completes the tool centering and clamping through the press drive method, thereby simultaneously completing the precise detection of tool length, radial runout and end face runout in one clamping state.

[0026] The clamping error reverse verification module of the present invention collects runout data of the tool rotating more than 3 times, with 12 points evenly distributed in each rotation. It uses the least squares method to fit a sine curve. If the fitting degree is lower than a preset threshold (0.95 is recommended in the preferred embodiment, and can be adjusted in the range of 0.90~0.98 according to the detection accuracy requirements), it is determined that there is a clamping perpendicularity or coaxiality deviation. The deviation value is calculated according to the amplitude and phase of the fitted curve, and the tool length detection result is compensated.

[0027] A multi-parameter closed-loop complementary module establishes a mathematical model of the tool length and runout detection position. When the tool length changes, the reference height for runout detection is automatically adjusted. At the same time, the reliability of the tool length detection result is verified by utilizing the stability of the runout data.

[0028] The mathematical relationship between the cutter length and the runout detection reference height is as follows: In the formula, The corrected runout detection reference height, in millimeters (mm). The standard reference height corresponding to the reference tool length, in millimeters (mm). The height correction factor is determined by system calibration and ranges from 0.98 to 1.02. The actual measured tool length is in millimeters (mm). The system-calibrated reference tool length is in millimeters (mm). When the dispersion of the runout data is greater than 0.002mm, the system automatically triggers a secondary verification of the tool length data, re-collects 3 sets of tool length data and takes the average value to eliminate the influence of single measurement error on the detection results.

[0029] Preferably, the telescopic dust cover 21 is fixed at both ends to the two ends of the X-direction linear guide rail 15 and the side of the sliding and lifting support 16, and automatically unfolds or folds as the sliding and lifting support 16 moves.

[0030] Preferably, the quick-change contour clamping assembly 13 includes a contour base, an eccentric locking handle, and a positioning pin. The contour base is provided with a contour groove that matches the shape of the digital length measuring caliper 14. The positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole of the caliper to achieve reference positioning. The eccentric locking handle can be rotated to quickly clamp or release the caliper.

[0031] Preferably, the fixed base 8 has an inner conical surface structure inside, and the outer wall of the elastic open centering sleeve 9 fits against the inner conical surface. Pressing the drive rod 11 can push the elastic open centering sleeve 9 to retract along the conical surface and tighten the tool handle. After releasing the external force, the tool is automatically released and reset by relying on the return spring 10.

[0032] Preferably, the limiting guide bracket 12 has a sliding limiting groove inside, and the digital display length measuring caliper 14 is slidably disposed inside the limiting groove. The quick-change contour clamping assembly 13 positions and locks the caliper, and the original measuring benchmark can be quickly restored after the caliper is disassembled and replaced.

[0033] Preferably, the limiting guide bracket 12 and the digital display length measuring caliper 14 adopt a small clearance sliding fit, and the single-sided fit gap is controlled between 0.1mm and 0.2mm.

[0034] Preferably, the YZ bidirectional fine-tuning frame 17 is mounted on the sliding and lifting support 16, and includes a Z-axis lifting component and a Y-axis lateral fine-tuning component. The sliding and lifting support 16 can slide freely up and down along the X-axis linear guide rail 15 and be locked in position. The lateral fine-tuning component can realize micro-extension and retraction adjustment, driving the radial detection dial indicator 18 to smoothly fit the outer circle surface of the tool.

[0035] Preferably, the angle fine-tuning support 19 can be adjusted within a small range of angle deflection to ensure that the probe of the end face detection dial indicator 20 is perpendicular to the lower end face of the tool, thus avoiding distortion of detection data caused by angle deviation.

[0036] Preferably, the elastic shock-absorbing and leveling foot pad 7 is filled with flexible shock-absorbing material, which can reduce the numerical interference caused by workshop floor vibration and equipment operation vibration to precision testing instruments.

[0037] Preferably, the height linkage correction module can adaptively unify the runout detection reference height according to the actual measured length of different tools, thereby eliminating the system error caused by the inconsistent detection positions of long and short tools.

[0038] Preferably, the clamping error reverse verification module identifies the tool clamping perpendicularity deviation and coaxiality deviation by collecting multiple sets of rotation runout data, and performs secondary filtering and compensation on the tool length detection results.

[0039] Preferably, the telescopic dust cover 21 adopts a multi-section folding metal cover structure, which completely covers the X-direction linear guide rail 15 moving pair to achieve full-stroke dust and chip protection.

[0040] Example 2: A method for using an integrated detection system based on the tool length and runout of a CNC cutting tool, wherein the integrated detection system adopts the integrated detection system of Embodiment 1, and the method of use includes the following steps.

[0041] Step 1, Equipment Leveling: Place the testing base 1 stably on the workbench, and adjust the elastic anti-vibration leveling pads 7 to complete the leveling of the whole machine and isolate external vibration interference; Step 2, Instrument Calibration: Perform zero calibration on the digital length measuring caliper 14, radial measuring dial indicator 18, and end face measuring dial indicator 20 in sequence to ensure that all measuring instruments are in the standard initial state; Step 3, Tool clamping: Place the tool to be tested vertically into the press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly 2, press down the drive rod 11, so that the elastic open centering sleeve 9 retracts along the inner conical surface of the fixed base 8 to clamp the tool handle, thus completing the coaxial centering clamping of the tool. Step 4, Position Adjustment: Move the detection component laterally by moving the dustproof mechanism in the X direction, and then use the YZ bidirectional fine adjustment frame 17 to adjust the height and horizontal position of the detection instrument. At the same time, adjust the angle fine adjustment support 19 so that the probes of the radial detection dial indicator 18 and the end face detection dial indicator 20 are in contact with the position to be measured by the tool. Step 5, Data Acquisition: Rotate the tool under test at a constant speed. The tool length precision detection mechanism 3, radial runout detection mechanism 4, and end face runout detection mechanism 5 simultaneously acquire the tool length, radial runout, and end face runout data and transmit them to the closed-loop calibration unit 6. Step 6, Data Calibration: The closed-loop calibration unit 6 unifies the runout detection reference height through the height linkage correction module, identifies and compensates for the clamping deviation through the clamping error reverse verification module, and finally outputs the integrated detection result; Step 7, Tool Replacement: Loosen the drive push rod 11, the return spring 10 drives the elastic opening centering sleeve 9 to reset and open, remove the tested tool, repeat steps 3-6 to complete the batch tool inspection; Preferably, in step 4, during the sliding process of the X-direction moving dustproof mechanism, the telescopic dustproof cover 21 extends and retracts synchronously with the sliding and lifting support seat 16, protecting the X-direction linear guide rail 15 throughout the process and preventing dust and cutting fluid from entering. Preferably, in step 5, the digital length measuring caliper 14 of the precision tool length measuring mechanism 3 slides and adjusts its position through the limiting groove of the limiting guide bracket 12 to ensure that the measuring end of the caliper is in contact with the upper plane of the tool.

[0042] Preferably, in step 6, the multi-parameter closed-loop complementary module of the closed-loop calibration unit 6 realizes bidirectional constraint compensation of tool length data and runout data, further improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0043] The above embodiments are merely exemplary models used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC cutting tool length and runout integrated detection system, characterized in that: It includes a detection base (1), a press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly (2), a tool length precision detection mechanism (3), a radial runout detection mechanism (4), an end face runout detection mechanism (5), and a closed-loop calibration unit (6); the bottom of the detection base (1) is provided with an elastic anti-vibration leveling pad (7); The press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly (2) is fixedly installed on the detection base (1) to provide a unique coaxial centering reference for the system; the tool length precision detection mechanism (3), radial runout detection mechanism (4), and end face runout detection mechanism (5) are installed on the same sliding and lifting support (16). The sliding and lifting support (16) is slidably connected to the X-direction linear guide rail (15) and is equipped with a locking mechanism, which can be locked and fixed at any position, driving each detection mechanism to move along the X direction, so as to realize the simultaneous acquisition of the three parameters of tool length, radial runout, and end face runout under the same clamping position, the same rotation axis, and one clamping; the closed-loop calibration unit (6) is electrically connected to each detection mechanism to perform linkage calibration and compensation on the three acquired parameters.

2. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The press-type coaxial centering clamping assembly (2) includes a fixed base (8), an elastic open centering sleeve (9), a return spring (10), and a drive rod (11). The fixed base (8) has a conical self-locking inner conical surface inside, and the outer wall of the elastic open centering sleeve (9) is fully in contact with the inner conical surface. When the drive rod (11) presses down, the elastic open centering sleeve (9) contracts evenly along the radial direction of the conical surface, and automatic centering and clamping are achieved by relying on the self-locking angle of the conical surface. After the external force is released, the return spring (10) pushes the elastic open centering sleeve (9) upward to expand along the radial direction of the conical surface until it is fully in contact with the inner conical surface of the fixed base (8) and resets, thereby achieving automatic tool release.

3. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision cutting tool length detection mechanism (3) includes a limiting guide bracket (12), a quick-change contour clamping assembly (13), and a digital length detection caliper (14). The quick-change contour clamping assembly (13) includes a contour base, a positioning pin, and an eccentric locking handle. The contour base is fixed on the limiting guide bracket (12) and has a contour groove that matches the shape of the digital length detection caliper (14). The digital length detection caliper (14) is fixed on the limiting guide bracket (12) through the quick-change contour clamping assembly (13), which can quickly replace digital length detection calipers (14) with different ranges to adapt to cutting tools of different lengths. The limiting guide bracket (12) is parallel to the X-axis linear guide rail (15) to ensure that the sliding direction of the digital length detection caliper (14) is consistent with the axis of the cutting tool.

4. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial runout detection mechanism (4) and the end face runout detection mechanism (5) are both mounted on the YZ bidirectional fine adjustment frame (17); the radial runout detection mechanism (4) includes a radial detection dial indicator (18), and the end face runout detection mechanism (5) includes an end face detection dial indicator (20); the YZ bidirectional fine adjustment frame (17) is mounted on the sliding and lifting support (16), which can realize Z-axis up and down lifting and Y-axis forward and backward fine adjustment, driving the radial detection dial indicator (18) to fit against the outer circle surface of the tool and the end face detection dial indicator (20) to fit against the end face of the tool; the end face runout detection mechanism (5) is also provided with an angle fine adjustment support (19), which is hinged to the mounting seat of the end face detection dial indicator (20) through a rotating shaft, and can deflect around the rotating shaft to adjust the perpendicularity of the end face detection dial indicator (20).

5. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-direction linear guide rail (15) is equipped with a telescopic dust cover (21). The telescopic dust cover (21) extends and retracts synchronously with the sliding and lifting support seat (16) throughout the entire process, achieving full-stroke airtight protection. The YZ bidirectional micro-adjustment frame (17) is equipped with a position sensor and a reset button, which can record the Z-direction lifting and Y-direction forward and backward positions of the detection head and return to the reference position with one key.

6. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed-loop calibration unit (6) includes a microcontroller, a data acquisition module and a human-machine interface. The data acquisition module is connected to the output end of each testing institution.

7. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 6, characterized in that: The closed-loop calibration unit (6) has a built-in height linkage correction module, a clamping error reverse verification module, and a multi-parameter closed-loop complementary module. Each module is implemented based on the program instructions of the microcontroller. The height linkage correction module stores the corresponding mathematical model of the tool length and the runout detection reference height. It calculates and adjusts the runout detection reference height based on the measured tool length data. The clamping error reverse verification module collects runout data of 12 points evenly distributed per revolution of the tool, and uses the least squares method to fit a sine curve. If the fitting degree is lower than the preset threshold, it is determined that there is a clamping perpendicularity or coaxiality deviation. The deviation value is calculated based on the amplitude and phase of the fitted curve. The multi-parameter closed-loop complementary module realizes the compensation of the runout detection reference height by the tool length data, the correction of the tool length detection result by the runout data, and completes the error tracing.

8. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection base (1) is an integral cast iron structure, and the elastic shockproof leveling pad (7) adopts a rubber and metal composite structure, with flexible shock-absorbing material inside.

9. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 4, characterized in that: The radial detection dial indicator (18) and the end face detection dial indicator (20) have an indication accuracy of not less than 0.001 mm, and the digital display length detection caliper (14) has an indication accuracy of not less than 0.01 mm.

10. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed-loop calibration unit (6) is also provided with a data storage and export module, which includes a storage unit and a data transmission interface.

11. The integrated detection system for CNC tool length and runout according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed base (8) is equipped with a precision rotary bearing, and the elastic open centering sleeve (9) is installed on the inner ring of the rotary bearing.

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