A forming device and control method of a variable-tension gradient structure preform

Abstract

The application provides a forming device and control method of a variable-tension gradient structure preform, and the forming device comprises a base, a laying table with adjustable laying height, a first area of the base is fixedly installed with the laying table, and the laying table is provided with a guide array with variable arrangement mode; a pressing mechanism is fixedly installed on the base, and a projection of a lifting pressing plate on the pressing mechanism covers the first area; a three-degree-of-freedom moving table is fixedly installed at a fixed end on a second area of the base, and a movable end is arranged above the laying table; a yarn releasing mechanism is fixedly installed on the movable end, and the yarn releasing mechanism comprises an active yarn releasing mode and a passive yarn releasing mode, the tension of the preform fiber laid in the active yarn releasing mode is smaller than that in the passive yarn releasing mode; and a control device is connected with the pressing mechanism, the three-degree-of-freedom moving table and the yarn releasing mechanism. The application can realize accurate design of the preform tension, meet the forming requirements of preforms with different tension structures, and improve the designability of composite materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fiber-reinforced composite preform manufacturing technology, specifically to a forming device and control method for a variable tension gradient structure preform. Background Technology

[0002] Fiber-reinforced composite materials are widely used in high-end equipment fields due to their excellent properties such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, and high fatigue strength. The performance and structural design of the preform directly determine the final performance of the composite material.

[0003] Currently, flexible guided three-dimensional weaving technology is one of the mainstream technologies for forming complex preforms and has been widely used in the preparation of gradient structure preforms. However, existing preform forming devices and methods still have many technical challenges in the process of forming variable tension gradient structures.

[0004] Firstly, existing yarn feeding mechanisms are mostly single active or passive yarn feeding modes, which are difficult to meet the forming requirements of different fiber layers with different tensions in variable tension gradient structures, resulting in the inability to achieve efficient production of variable tension structures.

[0005] Secondly, existing technologies cannot achieve coordinated coordination between the guide array arrangement and yarn tension control, making it impossible to accurately control the straightness of the yarns and the layer thickness gradient distribution inside the preform, and thus difficult to achieve integrated molding of the variable tension gradient structure preform.

[0006] Therefore, how to achieve precise control of yarn tension has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of fiber-reinforced composite preform manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0007] At least one embodiment of this application provides a forming apparatus and control method for a variable tension gradient structure preform, which solves the problem that the prior art cannot meet the production requirements of variable tension gradient structure preforms.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0009] One embodiment of this application provides a forming apparatus for a variable tension gradient structure preform, comprising:

[0010] Base;

[0011] A height-adjustable laying platform is fixedly installed in the first area of ​​the base and has a guide array with a variable arrangement, the guide array being used to limit the laying path of the preform fibers.

[0012] A pressing mechanism is fixedly installed on the base, and the projection of the pressing plate on the pressing mechanism that can be raised and lowered covers the first area, for compacting the preform fibers laid on the laying table.

[0013] A three-degree-of-freedom moving stage, wherein the fixed end of the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage is fixedly installed on the second region of the base, and the movable end of the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage is located above the laying table, and can move between the position extending into the upper part of the first region and the position moving out of the upper part. The second region is different from the first region.

[0014] The yarn feeding mechanism is fixedly installed on the movable end of the three-degree-of-freedom moving table, and includes an active yarn feeding mode and a passive yarn feeding mode, wherein the tension of the preformed fiber laid in the active yarn feeding mode is less than the tension of the preformed fiber laid in the passive yarn feeding mode.

[0015] A control device is connected to the pressing mechanism, the three-degree-of-freedom moving table, and the yarn feeding mechanism, and is used to control the actions of the pressing mechanism and the three-degree-of-freedom moving table, as well as the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism.

[0016] Specifically, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the laying table includes a lower perforated plate and an upper perforated plate arranged sequentially in a direction away from the base;

[0017] Multiple connecting columns pass through the lower perforated plate and the upper perforated plate respectively, and are fixedly connected to the base. The plate spacing between the upper perforated plate and the lower perforated plate is adjustable.

[0018] The guide array includes multiple guide rods. The upper perforated plate is provided with a preset array of guide holes, and the lower perforated plate is provided with positioning holes corresponding to the guide holes. The guide rods pass through the guide holes and are inserted into the positioning holes.

[0019] Furthermore, in the forming apparatus for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the clamping mechanism further includes:

[0020] A fixing plate is disposed on the side of the clamping plate away from the base;

[0021] At least two lead screws are symmetrically arranged about the laying platform, the lead screws pass through the clamping plate and the fixing plate, and are connected to the base and the fixing plate;

[0022] A lead screw driver is disposed on the fixed plate corresponding to the lead screw. The lead screw is driven to rotate by the lead screw driver to adjust the height of the clamping plate relative to the upper hole plate.

[0023] Specifically, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the clamping mechanism further includes:

[0024] Regarding the guide posts symmetrically arranged on the lead screw, the clamping plate is provided with mating holes corresponding to the guide posts. The guide posts are fixed to the base and the fixing plate, and are connected to the mating holes.

[0025] Specifically, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the clamping plate is further provided with through holes corresponding to the connecting column and openings corresponding to the preset array, and the size of the openings is larger than the size of the guide holes.

[0026] Specifically, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the yarn feeding mechanism includes: a weaving needle, a roller motor, and a rubber roller connected to the roller motor;

[0027] The control device is connected to the roller motor, and controls the yarn feeding mechanism to switch between the active yarn feeding mode (yarn feeding by rubber rollers) and the passive yarn feeding mode (yarn feeding by weaving needles) by controlling the roller motor.

[0028] Preferably, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the yarn feeding mechanism further includes: an angle motor connected to the weaving needle;

[0029] The control device is connected to the angle motor, and the angle of the knitting needle is adjusted by controlling the angle motor.

[0030] Another embodiment of this application provides a forming control method for a variable tension gradient structure preform, applied to the control device in the forming apparatus for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, comprising:

[0031] Based on the input precast information, determine the number of layers of precast fiber to be laid, as well as the laying path and tension value of each layer;

[0032] According to the order from bottom to top, the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism is controlled according to the tension value corresponding to each layer, and the moving path and moving speed of the movable end of the three-degree-of-freedom moving table are controlled according to the laying path and tension value corresponding to each layer. If the tension value is zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be an active yarn feeding mode; if the tension value is not zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be a passive yarn feeding mode.

[0033] After receiving the laying completion signal from the three-degree-of-freedom mobile station, the clamping mechanism is controlled to press down and maintain a preset pressure. The laying completion signal is sent when the movable end returns to the initial position.

[0034] When the pressure holding time reaches the preset time, the pressing mechanism is controlled to reset.

[0035] Preferably, the forming control method for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above further includes:

[0036] When the yarn feeding mode is the passive yarn feeding mode, the angle of the weaving needle in the yarn feeding mechanism is also controlled according to the laying path.

[0037] Another embodiment of this application provides a control device, including:

[0038] The processing module is used to determine the number of composite material layers to be laid, as well as the laying path and tension value of each layer, based on the input preform information.

[0039] The first control module is used to control the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism according to the tension value corresponding to each layer in a bottom-up order, and to control the moving path and moving speed of the movable end of the three-degree-of-freedom moving table according to the laying path and tension value corresponding to each layer. If the tension value is zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be an active yarn feeding mode; if the tension value is not zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be a passive yarn feeding mode.

[0040] The second control module is used to control the pressing mechanism to press down and maintain a preset pressure after receiving the laying completion signal from the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage. The laying completion signal is sent when the moving end returns to the initial position.

[0041] The reset module is used to control the clamping mechanism to reset when the pressure holding time reaches the preset time.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the forming device and control method for a variable tension gradient structure preform provided in this application can achieve precise design of the preform tension and adjustment of fiber straightness and layer thickness during the weaving of the preform by adjusting the variable guide array on the laying table and the active / passive yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism. This meets the forming requirements of preforms with different tension structures, which is conducive to obtaining variable tension gradient structure preforms stably and efficiently, improving the performance of composite materials, and enhancing the designability of composite materials. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a second partial structural schematic diagram of the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 This is the third partial structural schematic diagram of the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping plate of the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber laying of the preform before compression in the forming device of the variable tension gradient structure preform of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber laying of the preform after compression by the forming device of the variable tension gradient structure preform of this application;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the forming control method for the variable tension gradient structure preform of this application;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the control device of this application.

[0053] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0054] 1. Base; 2. Laying table; 201. Guide array; 2011. Guide rod; 202. Lower perforated plate; 203. Upper perforated plate; 204. Connecting column; 3. Pressing mechanism; 301. Pressing plate; 3011. Mating hole; 3012. Through hole; 3013. Opening; 302. Fixing plate; 303. Lead screw; 304. Lead screw driver; 305. Guide column; 4. Three-degree-of-freedom moving stage; 401. Fixed end; 402. Moving end; 5. Yarn feeding mechanism; 501. Weaving needle; 502. Roller motor; 503. Rubber roller; 504. Angle motor; 6. Tensioned structure; 7. Tensionless structure. Detailed Implementation

[0055] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0056] It should be noted that the variable tension gradient structure preform described in this application is a preform woven from fiber-reinforced composite materials. Since the actual preform is a three-dimensional structure, it includes the stacking of multiple planar fiber layers and the interweaving of vertical fibers. The embodiments of this application mainly use the preform obtained by stacking multiple planar fiber layers as an example for illustration, rather than limiting the specific formed product.

[0057] See Figures 1 to 3 One embodiment of this application provides a forming apparatus for a variable tension gradient structure preform, comprising:

[0058] Base 1;

[0059] The height-adjustable laying platform 2 is fixedly installed in the first area of ​​the base 1 and has a guide array 201 with a variable arrangement. The guide array 201 is used to limit the laying path of the preform fibers.

[0060] The pressing mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on the base 1, and the projection of the pressing plate 301 on the pressing mechanism 3, which can be raised and lowered, covers the first area, for compacting the preformed fibers laid on the laying table 2.

[0061] The three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4 has a fixed end 401 fixedly installed on the second region of the base 1, and the movable end 402 of the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4 is located above the laying platform 2, and can move between the position above the first region and the position outside the first region. The second region is different from the first region.

[0062] The yarn feeding mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the movable end 402 of the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4, and includes an active yarn feeding mode and a passive yarn feeding mode. In the active yarn feeding mode, the tension of the preformed fiber laid is less than the tension of the preformed fiber laid in the passive yarn feeding mode.

[0063] A control device is connected to the pressing mechanism 3, the three-degree-of-freedom moving table 4, and the yarn feeding mechanism 5, and is used to control the actions of the pressing mechanism 3 and the three-degree-of-freedom moving table 4 as well as the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism 5.

[0064] The forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform provided in this embodiment includes: a base 1, a laying table 2, a pressing mechanism 3, a three-degree-of-freedom moving table 4, a yarn feeding mechanism 5, and a control device. The base 1 provides the installation foundation and a high-precision reference plane for the entire forming device, ensuring stable and safe operation. The laying table 2 is fixedly installed in the first area of ​​the base 1. Its laying height for laying preform fibers is adjustable, allowing the laying height to be adjusted according to the actual height of the preform to be produced. The laying table 2 is equipped with a guide array 201 with a variable arrangement, allowing the arrangement of the guide array 201 to be adjusted according to the planar shape of the preform to be produced. By adjusting the arrangement, the spacing of the guide array 201 can be adjusted to meet the fiber straightness requirements during different preform production processes, thereby improving the applicability of preform sizes.

[0065] The fixed end 401 of the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4 is fixedly installed on the base 1 in a second region different from the first region, and the yarn feeding mechanism 5 is provided on its movable end 402. The movable end 402 can move in three degrees of freedom (i.e., in the X, Y, and Z directions) and drive the yarn feeding mechanism 5 to move. The movable end 402 is located above the laying table 2 and can move between the position above the first region and the position above the first region. This allows the yarn feeding mechanism to be moved above the laying table 2 by controlling the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4, so as to lay the prefabricated fibers of each layer. At the same time, the yarn feeding mechanism includes an active yarn feeding mode and a passive yarn feeding mode. The tension of the prefabricated fibers laid in the two yarn feeding modes is different. Therefore, different yarn feeding modes can be used in different layers to obtain planar layers with different tensions.

[0066] Furthermore, the projection range of the lifting and lowering clamping plate 301 on the clamping mechanism 3 covers the first area where the laying table 2 is located, so that the precast fibers laid on the laying table 2 can be compacted by lowering the clamping plate 301. Since the precast fibers with different tensions have different layer thicknesses after compaction, and the planar layer with higher tension has a larger layer thickness after compaction, a precast with a variable tension gradient structure can be obtained.

[0067] Specifically, the forming device also includes a control device connected to the pressing mechanism 3, the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4, and the yarn feeding mechanism 5. This control device can control the movements of the pressing mechanism 3 and the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4, as well as the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism 5. After pre-setting the guide array 201 and the laying height, the control device can determine the number of layers of prefabricated fiber to be laid, as well as the laying path and tension value corresponding to each layer, based on the prefabricated information input by the user. Following a bottom-up sequence, it controls the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism 5 according to the tension value corresponding to each layer, and controls the moving path and speed of the movable end 402 of the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4 according to the laying path and tension value corresponding to each layer. Through the variable arrangement of the guide array 201 and the coordinated control of active / passive yarn feeding, precise design of the prefabricated tension is achieved, along with adjustments to fiber straightness and layer thickness, meeting the forming requirements of prefabricated structures with different tension structures. This facilitates the stable and efficient production of prefabricated structures with variable tension gradient structures. (See also...) Figure 6 or Figure 7 If the tension value is zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be active yarn feeding mode, so that the current layer of prefabricated fiber is laid down to obtain a tension-free structure 6. If the tension value is not zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be passive yarn feeding mode, so that the current layer of prefabricated fiber is laid down to obtain a tensioned structure 6. The movement path and movement speed of the corresponding movable end 402 of each layer are determined and controlled according to the laying path and tension value. After receiving the laying completion signal from the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4 (sent when the movable end returns to the initial position), the pressing mechanism 3 is controlled to press down and maintain the preset pressure. When the pressure holding time reaches the preset time, it can be determined that the compaction requirement of the prefabricated body has been met. Therefore, the pressing mechanism 3 is controlled to reset, so that an integrated variable tension gradient structure prefabricated body can be obtained to improve the performance of the composite material and improve the designability of the composite material. Furthermore, in order to obtain a three-dimensional structure including vertical fiber interweaving, it is only necessary to replace the vertical fibers along the guide array 201.

[0068] In summary, by adjusting the variable guide array 201 on the laying table 2 and the active / passive yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism 5, this application can achieve precise design of the tension of the preform during weaving, and adjust the fiber straightness and layer thickness to meet the forming requirements of preforms with different tension structures. This is beneficial for obtaining variable tension gradient structure preforms stably and efficiently, improving the performance of composite materials, and enhancing the designability of composite materials.

[0069] It should be noted that, in one specific embodiment, the initial positions of the movable end 402 of the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4 and the yarn feeding mechanism 5 are located in the second region. When the first layer is laid, the movable end 402 first moves to the starting position of the first layer and then begins to lay the preformed fibers according to the laying path and laying speed of the corresponding layer. After the last layer is laid, it returns to the initial position and sends a laying completion signal to the control device to end the laying of the preformed fibers.

[0070] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Specifically, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the laying table 2 includes a lower perforated plate 202 and an upper perforated plate 203 arranged sequentially in a direction away from the base 1.

[0071] Among them, multiple connecting columns 204 pass through the lower perforated plate 202 and the upper perforated plate 203 respectively, and are fixedly connected to the base 1, and the plate spacing between the upper perforated plate 203 and the lower perforated plate 202 is adjustable;

[0072] The guide array 201 includes a plurality of guide rods 2011. The upper perforated plate 203 is provided with a preset array of guide holes, and the lower perforated plate 202 is provided with positioning holes corresponding to the guide holes. The guide rods 2011 pass through the guide holes and are inserted into the positioning holes.

[0073] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the laying platform 2 is illustrated. The laying platform 2 includes a lower perforated plate 202 and an upper perforated plate 203 arranged sequentially in a direction away from the base 1. The lower perforated plate 202 and the upper perforated plate 203 are respectively passed through by multiple connecting posts 204 and fixedly connected to the base 1. This can restrict the position of the upper perforated plate 203 and the lower perforated plate 202, and the plate spacing between the upper perforated plate 203 and the lower perforated plate 202 is adjustable, thereby making the laying height adjustable. Furthermore, the upper perforated plate 203 is provided with a preset array of guide holes, and the lower perforated plate 202 is provided with positioning holes corresponding to the guide holes. The guide array 201 includes multiple guide rods 2011, wherein the number of guide rods 2011 is less than or equal to the number of guide holes. In actual use, the guide array 201 obtained according to the preform information can be used to pass the corresponding guide rods 2011 through the guide holes and insert them into the positioning holes. The guide holes of the upper perforated plate 203 and the positioning holes of the lower perforated plate 202 restrict the horizontal degree of freedom of the guide rods 2011, ensuring the vertical setting of the guide rods 2011. The lower perforated plate 202 provides support for them, which facilitates the yarn feeding mechanism 5 to lay the preform fibers in the gaps between the guide rods 2011.

[0074] It should be noted that the positioning hole can be a blind hole or a countersunk hole. The diameter of the hole near the upper hole plate 203 is the same as the diameter of the guide hole and matches the diameter of the guide rod 2011 to ensure the stable setting of the guide rod 2011.

[0075] It should also be noted that the guide rod 2011 has a preset length. The distance between the end of the guide rod 2011 away from the base 1 and the upper perforated plate 203 is the laying height of the laying platform 2. Furthermore, the laying height can be adjusted by adjusting the plate spacing between the upper perforated plate 203 and the lower perforated plate 202.

[0076] In one specific embodiment, there are four connecting posts 204, which are respectively located at the four corners of the upper perforated plate 203 and the lower perforated plate 202.

[0077] In one specific embodiment, the connecting post 204 is provided with a nut or pin below the upper perforated plate 203. The position of the upper perforated plate 203 can be adjusted by the screw connection between the nut and the connecting post 204 or the engagement of the pin with the connecting post 204 (including but not limited to screw connection, insertion, snap-fit, and interference fit). Optionally, the lower perforated plate 202 can also be fixed in the same way.

[0078] See Figure 1 or Figure 2 In another embodiment, the laying platform 2 further includes a base plate, which is fixedly connected to the base 1, and the connecting column 204 is fixedly connected to the base plate. This is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the base 1 while ensuring the connection strength between the entire laying platform 2 and the base 1, thereby reducing costs.

[0079] See Figure 1 or Figure 2 Furthermore, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the clamping mechanism 3 further includes:

[0080] A fixing plate 302 is disposed on the side of the clamping plate 301 away from the base 1;

[0081] At least two lead screws 303 are symmetrically arranged about the laying platform 2. The lead screws 303 pass through the clamping plate 301 and the fixing plate 302 and are connected to the base 1 and the fixing plate 302.

[0082] A lead screw driver 304 is disposed on the fixed plate 302 corresponding to the lead screw 303. The lead screw driver 304 drives the lead screw 303 to rotate, thereby adjusting the height of the clamping plate 301 relative to the upper hole plate 203.

[0083] In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 3 further includes a fixed plate 302, a lead screw 303, and a lead screw driver 304. The fixed plate 302 is disposed on the side of the clamping plate 301 away from the base 1. At least two lead screws 303 are symmetrically arranged about the laying table 2, and each lead screw passes through the clamping plate 301 and the fixed plate 302, and is fixedly connected to the base 1 and the fixed plate 302. This allows the fixed plate 302 and the laying table 2 to form the range of motion of the clamping plate 301. More specifically, this range of motion is between the fixed plate 302 and the upper perforated plate 203.

[0084] Furthermore, the fixed plate 302 is also provided with a screw driver 304 corresponding to the screw 303. The number of screw drivers 304 includes at least one, and one screw driver 304 corresponds to at least one screw 303. Thus, by controlling the rotation of the screw driver 304, the pressing plate 301 can be driven to move vertically, thereby adjusting the distance between the pressing plate 301 and the upper perforated plate 203 to facilitate adjustment of the laying height. In one specific embodiment, one screw driver 304 is configured to correspond to one screw 303. In one specific embodiment, the screw driver 304 is preferably a ball screw 303 to ensure high efficiency, high precision, high speed, and long-term operation of the screw.

[0085] In another embodiment, the clamping mechanism 3 is further provided with guide posts 305 symmetrically arranged about the lead screw 303. The clamping plate 301 is provided with mating holes 3011 corresponding to the guide posts 305. The guide posts 305 are fixed to the base 1 and the fixing plate 302, and are connected to the mating holes 3011 on the clamping plate 301, thereby providing guidance for the clamping plate 301 during its movement, ensuring that the clamping plate 301 remains horizontal during its movement, thus ensuring that the laid precast fibers are flatly clamped during the clamping process, and ensuring the flatness of the precast after compaction. Furthermore, to ensure a stable connection between the guide posts 305 and the clamping plate 301 and the base 1, corresponding sleeves are also fixedly installed on the base 1 and the clamping plate 301 respectively, and the guide posts 305 are disposed in the corresponding sleeves and are connected in a mating manner.

[0086] See Figure 5 Specifically, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the clamping plate 301 is further provided with a through hole 3012 corresponding to the connecting column 204 and an opening 3013 corresponding to the preset array, and the size of the opening 3013 is larger than the size of the guide hole.

[0087] In this embodiment, the clamping plate 301 is also provided with a through hole 3012 corresponding to the connecting post 204. The connecting post 204 can pass through the clamping plate 301 through the through hole 3012, further ensuring that the clamping plate 301 can compact the laid precast fibers. In another embodiment, the end of the connecting post 204 away from the base 1 is provided with a chamfer to facilitate the positioning and guidance of the clamping plate 301.

[0088] The clamping plate 301 is also provided with an opening 3013 corresponding to the preset array. The size of the opening 3013 is larger than the size of the guide hole, so that the guide rod 2011 can pass smoothly through during the pressing process of the clamping plate 301. The clamping plate 301 applies pressure to the preform fibers located between the guide rods 2011 to ensure the compaction of the preform fibers after laying. In one specific embodiment, the shape of the opening 3013 is a round hole, square hole, rectangular hole or other shape that allows the guide rod 2011 to pass through. In another embodiment, the clamping plate 301 includes a lower plate and an upper plate located on the side of the lower plate away from the base 1. The through hole 3012 and the opening 3013 are provided on the lower plate, and the connecting hole for connecting with the lead screw and / or the mating hole 3011 for corresponding to the guide post 305 are provided on the upper plate. The upper plate is also provided with a window corresponding to the preset array. Because the lower plate protrudes from the upper plate, the pressure exerted by the pressing plate 301 on the laid precast fibers can be increased during the pressing process, which helps to reduce equipment costs while ensuring the compaction effect.

[0089] See Figure 5 Specifically, in one embodiment, a plurality of first mounting holes are provided around each through hole 3012 in the lower plate, and a second mounting hole is provided on the upper plate corresponding to the first mounting holes. The upper plate and the lower plate are fixedly connected by bolts or screws to the first mounting holes and the second mounting holes.

[0090] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 Specifically, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the yarn feeding mechanism 5 includes: a weaving needle 501, a roller motor 502, and a rubber roller 503 connected to the roller motor 502.

[0091] The control device is connected to the roller motor 502. By controlling the roller motor 502, the yarn feeding mechanism 5 is controlled to switch between the active yarn feeding mode in which yarn is fed by the rubber roller 503 and the passive yarn feeding mode in which yarn is fed by the weaving needle 501.

[0092] In this embodiment, the yarn feeding mechanism 5 includes, in addition to the conventional weaving needles 501, a roller motor 502 and a rubber roller 503 connected to the roller motor 502. In passive yarn feeding mode, the preform fibers are passively pulled out by the weaving needles 501 and laid out by the dragging action of the weaving needles 501, resulting in a certain tension in the laid preform fibers. The specific tension can be adjusted by regulating the moving speed of the yarn feeding mechanism 5. In active yarn feeding mode, the preform fibers are extruded by the rubber roller 503 driven by the roller motor 502, resulting in no tension in the laid preform fibers. Therefore, by controlling whether the roller motor 502 is activated, the yarn feeding mechanism 5 can switch between active and passive yarn feeding modes, thereby achieving precise design of the tension of the laid preform fibers.

[0093] In one specific embodiment, the number of rubber rollers 503 is at least one pair, and the preform fibers are extruded by the compression of the pair of rubber rollers 503. In another embodiment, the rubber rollers 503 are provided with extrusion grooves to ensure the orientation of the extruded preform fibers.

[0094] See Figure 3 Preferably, in the forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, the yarn feeding mechanism 5 further includes: an angle motor 504 connected to the weaving needle 501;

[0095] The control device is connected to the angle motor 504, and the angle of the knitting needle 501 is adjusted by controlling the angle motor 504.

[0096] In this embodiment, the yarn feeding mechanism 5 further includes an angle motor 504 connected to the weaving needle 501. The angle motor 504 can adjust the angle of the weaving needle 501, and thus adjust the angle of the weaving needle 501 according to the laying path. This can reduce the wear caused by the weaving needle 501 dragging the preform fibers, thereby improving the preform forming quality.

[0097] It should be noted that the angle of the knitting needle 501 can be adjusted according to the specific laying path and laying speed. For example, the deviation direction of the knitting needle 501 can be determined according to the walking direction of the laying path, and the specific angle value can be determined according to the laying speed.

[0098] See Figure 8 One embodiment of this application provides a forming control method for a variable tension gradient structure preform, applied to the control device in the forming apparatus for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above, comprising:

[0099] Step S801 is used to determine the number of layers of precast fiber to be laid, as well as the laying path and tension value of each layer, based on the input precast information.

[0100] Step S802 is used to control the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism according to the tension value corresponding to each layer in a bottom-up order, and to control the moving path and moving speed of the movable end of the three-degree-of-freedom moving table according to the laying path and tension value corresponding to each layer. If the tension value is zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be an active yarn feeding mode; if the tension value is not zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be a passive yarn feeding mode.

[0101] Step S803 is used to control the pressing mechanism to press down and maintain a preset pressure after receiving the laying completion signal from the three-degree-of-freedom mobile stage. The laying completion signal is sent when the movable end returns to the initial position.

[0102] Step S804 is used to control the pressing mechanism to reset when the pressure holding time reaches the preset time.

[0103] This embodiment provides a control device applied to the forming apparatus of the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above. Since the laying table 2 in the forming apparatus has a variable guide array 201, the laying height of the guide array 201 and the laying table 2 can be adjusted according to the specific requirements of the preform. Then, the control device can receive preform information input by the user, which represents the structural information of the preform. Based on this preform information, the control device can obtain the number of layers of preform fiber to be laid, as well as the laying path and tension value corresponding to each layer. Therefore, based on the laying path and tension value of each layer, the control device can preform each layer from bottom to top. The laying of the prefabricated fibers involves determining the yarn-laying mode based on the tension value of each layer and controlling the yarn-laying mode of the yarn-laying mechanism 5. If the tension value is zero, the yarn-laying mode is determined to be active, using the rubber roller 503 or other structures to actively lay the yarn, resulting in a tension-free structure 7 after the current layer of prefabricated fibers is laid. If the tension value is not zero, the yarn-laying mode is determined to be passive, using the weaving needle 501 to passively lay the yarn, resulting in a tensioned structure 6 after the current layer of prefabricated fibers is laid. The movement path and speed of the corresponding movable end 402 for each layer are determined and controlled based on the laying path and tension value. Specifically, the laying path corresponds to the movement path. In active yarn-laying mode, the laying speed of the prefabricated fibers is determined by a preset speed, and the movable end 402 moves at a fixed speed. In passive yarn-laying mode, since the tension values ​​of each layer may be different, and different tension values ​​correspond to different movement speeds, the movement speed of each layer is determined and controlled based on the tension value.

[0104] The three-degree-of-freedom moving stage 4 monitors the execution progress. When it detects that the moving end 402 has returned to the initial position, it generates a laying completion signal and sends it to the control device. Based on the laying completion signal, the control device controls the pressing mechanism 3 to press down to compact the laid precast fiber and maintain the preset pressure. This helps to remove the air trapped during the laying of the precast fiber, avoid rebound, ensure the fiber arrangement and thickness accuracy of each layer, and enhance the interlayer bonding.

[0105] When the pressure holding time reaches the preset time, it can be determined that the compaction requirement of the preform has been met. Therefore, the pressing mechanism 3 is reset to obtain the desired preform. Furthermore, in order to obtain a three-dimensional structure including vertical fiber interweaving, it is only necessary to replace the vertical fibers along the guide array 201.

[0106] This application, by adjusting the variable guide array 201 on the laying table 2 and the active / passive yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism 5, can achieve precise design of the tension of the preform during weaving, and adjust the fiber straightness and layer thickness to meet the forming requirements of preforms with different tension structures. This is conducive to obtaining variable tension gradient structure preforms stably and efficiently, improving the performance of composite materials, and enhancing the designability of composite materials.

[0107] Preferably, the forming control method for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above further includes:

[0108] When the yarn feeding mode is the passive yarn feeding mode, the angle of the weaving needle 501 in the yarn feeding mechanism 5 is also controlled according to the laying path.

[0109] In another embodiment of this application, during control, if the yarn feeding mode is passive yarn feeding mode, to reduce or avoid wear caused by the preform fibers being dragged by the weaving needles 501 in passive yarn feeding mode, the angle of the weaving needles 501 in the yarn feeding mechanism 5 is also controlled according to the laying path. Specifically, the angle of the weaving needles 501 is controlled by the angle motor 504 connected to the weaving needles 501 in the yarn feeding mechanism 5. In another embodiment, the angle of the weaving needles 501 can be adjusted according to the specific laying path and laying speed. For example, the deviation direction of the weaving needles 501 is determined according to the walking direction of the laying path, and the specific angle value is determined according to the laying speed.

[0110] See Figure 9 One embodiment of this application provides a control device, including:

[0111] The processing module 901 is used to determine the number of layers of composite material to be laid, as well as the laying path and tension value of each layer, based on the input preform information.

[0112] The first control module 902 is used to control the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism according to the tension value corresponding to each layer in a bottom-up order, and to control the moving path and moving speed of the movable end of the three-degree-of-freedom moving table according to the laying path and tension value corresponding to each layer. If the tension value is zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be an active yarn feeding mode; if the tension value is not zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be a passive yarn feeding mode.

[0113] The second control module 903 is used to control the pressing mechanism to press down and maintain a preset pressure after receiving the laying completion signal from the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage. The laying completion signal is sent when the moving end returns to the initial position.

[0114] The reset module 904 is used to control the clamping mechanism to reset when the pressure holding time reaches the preset time.

[0115] Preferably, the forming control device for the variable tension gradient structure preform as described above further includes:

[0116] The third control module is used to control the angle of the weaving needles in the yarn feeding mechanism according to the laying path when the yarn feeding mode is the passive yarn feeding mode.

[0117] The apparatus embodiments of this application are apparatuses corresponding to the embodiments of the methods described above. All implementation means in the method embodiments described above are applicable to the apparatus embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects. The apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application can implement the steps of the methods described above and can achieve the same technical effects. Therefore, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiments in this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0118] This application also provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method described above.

[0119] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the various processes of the method embodiments described above and achieves the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here. The computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0120] This application also provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described above and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, the details will not be repeated here.

[0121] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0122] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0123] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A forming device for a variable tension gradient structure preform, characterized in that, include: Base (1); A height-adjustable laying platform (2) is fixedly installed in the first area of ​​the base (1) and has a guide array (201) with a variable arrangement, the guide array (201) being used to limit the laying path of the preform fibers; A pressing mechanism (3) is fixedly installed on the base (1), and the projection of the pressing plate (301) on the pressing mechanism (3) that can be raised and lowered covers the first area, for compacting the preformed fibers laid on the laying table (2); The three-degree-of-freedom moving stage (4) has its fixed end (401) fixedly installed on the second region of the base (1), and its movable end (402) is located above the laying table (2), and can move between the position above the first region and the position outside the first region. The second region is different from the first region. The yarn feeding mechanism (5) is fixedly installed on the movable end (402) of the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage (4), and includes an active yarn feeding mode and a passive yarn feeding mode, wherein the tension of the preformed fiber laid in the active yarn feeding mode is less than the tension of the preformed fiber laid in the passive yarn feeding mode. A control device is connected to the pressing mechanism (3), the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage (4), and the yarn feeding mechanism (5) to control the actions of the pressing mechanism (3) and the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage (4) as well as the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism (5).

2. The forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laying platform (2) includes a lower perforated plate (202) and an upper perforated plate (203) arranged sequentially in a direction away from the base (1). Among them, multiple connecting columns (204) pass through the lower perforated plate (202) and the upper perforated plate (203) respectively, and are fixedly connected to the base (1), and the plate spacing between the upper perforated plate (203) and the lower perforated plate (202) is adjustable; The guide array (201) includes multiple guide rods (2011), the upper perforated plate (203) is provided with a preset array of guide holes, the lower perforated plate (202) is provided with positioning holes corresponding to the guide holes, and the guide rods (2011) pass through the guide holes and are inserted into the positioning holes.

3. The forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (3) further includes: A fixing plate (302) is disposed on the side of the clamping plate (301) away from the base (1); At least two lead screws (303) are symmetrically arranged about the laying platform (2), the lead screws (303) pass through the clamping plate (301) and the fixing plate (302), and are connected to the base (1) and the fixing plate (302); A lead screw driver (304) is disposed on the fixed plate (302) corresponding to the lead screw (303). The lead screw driver (304) drives the lead screw (303) to rotate, thereby adjusting the height of the clamping plate (301) relative to the upper hole plate (203).

4. The forming device for the variable tension gradient structure preform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (3) further includes: Regarding the guide posts (305) symmetrically arranged with respect to the lead screw (303), the clamping plate (301) is provided with a mating hole (3011) corresponding to the guide post (305). The guide post (305) is fixed to the base (1) and the fixing plate (302) and is connected to the mating hole (3011).

5. The forming apparatus for the variable tension gradient structure preform according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The clamping plate (301) is also provided with a through hole (3012) corresponding to the connecting post (204) and an opening (3013) corresponding to the preset array, and the size of the opening (3013) is larger than the size of the guide hole.

6. The forming apparatus for the variable tension gradient structure preform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The yarn feeding mechanism (5) includes: a knitting needle (501), a roller motor (502), and a rubber roller (503) connected to the roller motor (502); The control device is connected to the roller motor (502) and controls the yarn feeding mechanism (5) to switch between the active yarn feeding mode where the yarn is fed by the rubber roller (503) and the passive yarn feeding mode where the yarn is fed by the weaving needle (501) by controlling the roller motor (502).

7. The forming apparatus for the variable tension gradient structure preform according to claim 6, characterized in that, The yarn feeding mechanism (5) further includes an angle motor (504) connected to the knitting needle (501); The control device is connected to the angle motor (504), and the angle of the knitting needle (501) is adjusted by controlling the angle motor (504).

8. A method for controlling the forming of a variable tension gradient structure preform, applied to the control device in the forming apparatus for a variable tension gradient structure preform as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: Based on the input precast information, determine the number of layers of precast fiber to be laid, as well as the laying path and tension value of each layer; According to the order from bottom to top, the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism is controlled according to the tension value corresponding to each layer, and the moving path and moving speed of the movable end of the three-degree-of-freedom moving table are controlled according to the laying path and tension value corresponding to each layer. If the tension value is zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be an active yarn feeding mode; if the tension value is not zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be a passive yarn feeding mode. After receiving the laying completion signal from the three-degree-of-freedom mobile station, the clamping mechanism is controlled to press down and maintain a preset pressure. The laying completion signal is sent when the movable end returns to the initial position. When the pressure holding time reaches the preset time, the pressing mechanism is controlled to reset.

9. The forming control method for the variable tension gradient structure preform according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the yarn feeding mode is the passive yarn feeding mode, the angle of the weaving needle in the yarn feeding mechanism is also controlled according to the laying path.

10. A control device, applied to a forming apparatus for a variable tension gradient structure preform as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: The processing module is used to determine the number of composite material layers to be laid, as well as the laying path and tension value of each layer, based on the input preform information. The first control module is used to control the yarn feeding mode of the yarn feeding mechanism according to the tension value corresponding to each layer in a bottom-up order, and to control the moving path and moving speed of the movable end of the three-degree-of-freedom moving table according to the laying path and tension value corresponding to each layer. If the tension value is zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be an active yarn feeding mode; if the tension value is not zero, the yarn feeding mode is determined to be a passive yarn feeding mode. The second control module is used to control the pressing mechanism to press down and maintain a preset pressure after receiving the laying completion signal from the three-degree-of-freedom moving stage. The laying completion signal is sent when the moving end returns to the initial position. The reset module is used to control the clamping mechanism to reset when the pressure holding time reaches the preset time.

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