A horizontal hazardous waste baler

Abstract

This invention discloses a horizontal hazardous waste baling machine, comprising a horizontal housing with an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end. Inside the housing, between the inlet and outlet, are sequentially arranged a rotary filter press, a heating and evaporation device, and a compression baling machine. The rotary filter press includes a filter cylinder inclined relative to the horizontal plane, one end of which is connected to the inlet. A filter rotor assembly is rotatably mounted inside the filter cylinder, and a liquid collection outer cylinder is fitted around the filter cylinder. The heating and evaporation device includes a rotating inner cylinder rotatably mounted inside the horizontal housing, with a heating outer cylinder having an inner cavity fitted around it. One end of the rotating inner cylinder is connected to the outlet of the filter cylinder, and the other end is connected to the compression baling machine. This invention enables continuous and efficient operation of filtration, evaporation, compression, and baling of solid hazardous waste containing liquid phases, while preventing direct contact between the solid hazardous waste and the external environment during the processing, thus avoiding secondary pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of solid hazardous waste material treatment, specifically relating to a horizontal hazardous waste baling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Solid hazardous waste typically refers to materials containing heavy metals, polluting organic matter, and other pollutants. To prevent secondary pollution from solid hazardous waste, it needs to be treated. This includes processes such as rendering the solid hazardous waste harmless, incineration, and crushing. Finally, the treated solid hazardous waste needs to be compressed and packaged so that it can be moved to a dedicated site for temporary storage.

[0003] In existing technologies, many solid hazardous waste materials undergo pre-treatment to render them harmless, during which a liquid phase is introduced. However, current solid hazardous waste baling machines do not treat this introduced liquid phase; instead, they directly compress and bale the solid hazardous waste containing the liquid phase. Because the solid hazardous waste contains a liquid phase, harmful liquid splashes and spills are easily caused during compression and baling, making subsequent packaging more prone to leakage. This can lead to secondary pollution of the external environment and pose a threat to the health of workers.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems of existing solid hazardous waste baling machines, the present invention discloses a horizontal hazardous waste baling machine. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention discloses a horizontal hazardous waste baling machine, which can perform continuous and efficient operations of pressure filtration, evaporation, compression and baling of solid hazardous waste containing liquid phase, and avoids direct contact between the solid hazardous waste material and the outside during the process of processing solid hazardous waste, thus avoiding secondary pollution.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine includes a horizontal housing with an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end. Inside the housing, between the inlet and outlet, are sequentially arranged a rotary filter press, a heating and evaporation device, and a baling machine. The rotary filter press includes a filter cylinder inclined relative to the horizontal plane, one end of which is connected to the inlet. A filter rotor assembly is rotatably mounted inside the filter cylinder, and a liquid collection outer cylinder is fitted around the filter cylinder. The heating and evaporation device includes a rotating inner cylinder rotatably mounted inside the horizontal housing, with a heating outer cylinder having an inner cavity fitted around it. One end of the rotating inner cylinder is connected to the outlet end of the filter cylinder, and the other end is connected to the baling machine.

[0007] The hazardous waste processed by this invention is pre-crushed solid hazardous waste containing a partial liquid phase. The hazardous waste is fed into a horizontal chamber through an inlet and first enters a rotary filter press. The rotary filter press filters the hazardous waste inside the filter cylinder to reduce the volume of the solid material and simultaneously squeeze out the liquid from the solid material, reducing its liquid content. The filtered liquid phase enters a liquid collection outer cylinder through filter holes on the filter cylinder for collection and transfer. The filtered solid material further enters a heating and evaporation device. The inner cavity of the heating outer cylinder of the heating and evaporation device is connected to the hazardous waste incineration assembly. The residual heat from the incineration assembly heats the solid material inside the rotating inner cylinder, further evaporating and removing any remaining liquid. The rotation of the inner cylinder also agitates the solid material, improving its heating efficiency. The further dehydrated solid material enters a compression baler, where it is compressed into blocks and pre-packaged. The solid material is then transported to a dedicated hazardous waste storage area.

[0008] To better realize the present invention, the filter press rotor assembly further includes a filter press motor, a filter press shaft, and variable diameter pressure blocks. The filter press shaft is coaxially rotatably installed inside the filter press cylinder. One end of the filter press shaft is connected to the filter press motor for transmission. Several variable diameter pressure blocks are evenly distributed around the outside of the filter press shaft. Each variable diameter pressure block includes a large diameter end and a small diameter end. A variable diameter filter press arc surface is smoothly connected between the large diameter end and the small diameter end. The large diameter end slides in contact with the inner wall of the filter press cylinder. Sufficient gaps are reserved between the small diameter end and the inner wall of the filter press cylinder for the entry of hazardous waste residue.

[0009] To better realize the present invention, further, the variable diameter filter press arc surface is provided with protruding ridges arranged at intervals, and a gap is left between the protruding ridges and the inner wall of the filter press cylinder.

[0010] To better realize the present invention, a scraper is further provided on the side of the large diameter end away from the small diameter end, and the scraper is arranged in contact with the inner wall of the filter press cylinder.

[0011] To better realize the present invention, a collection cavity is further formed between the outer wall of the filter press cylinder and the inner wall of the liquid collection outer cylinder, and a drain pipe is provided on the collection cavity.

[0012] To better realize the present invention, further, dynamic sealing bearings are provided inside both ends of the heating outer cylinder, the rotating inner cylinder is rotatably installed inside the heating outer cylinder through the dynamic sealing bearings, a feeding assembly is provided inside the rotating inner cylinder, an exhaust valve is provided on the side wall of the rotating inner cylinder, and an exhaust flow channel corresponding to the exhaust valve is provided on the heating outer cylinder.

[0013] To better realize the present invention, further, the heating outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of heating chambers evenly distributed and spaced along the circumference inside. One end of the heating chamber is provided with a heat source inlet and the other end of the heating chamber is provided with a heat source outlet. The inner sidewall of the heating chamber contacts and exchanges heat with the outer wall of the rotating inner cylinder through a heat-conducting layer. The area between adjacent heating chambers inside the heating outer cylinder is provided with an exhaust channel, and the outlet end of the exhaust channel is provided with a waste gas pipe.

[0014] To better realize the present invention, the feeding assembly further includes a rotating shaft, a feeding auger, and a feeding motor. The rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the rotating inner cylinder through a dynamic sealing bearing. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the feeding motor for transmission. A spiral feeding auger is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft.

[0015] To better realize the present invention, the compression baler further includes a compression box, a hydraulic extrusion assembly, and a baling assembly. One end of the compression box is connected to the outlet of the rotating inner cylinder. A feeding belt is provided at the outlet of the compression box. One end of the feeding belt is connected to the baling assembly. A sliding hydraulic extrusion assembly is provided inside the compression box.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The present invention operates entirely within a relatively enclosed horizontal container during the processing of solid hazardous waste, effectively preventing the hazardous waste from directly contacting the external environment and avoiding secondary pollution to the external environment. This invention first uses a rotary filter press to perform rotary filter press on solid hazardous waste materials, which can reduce the volume of solid hazardous waste materials in advance and reduce the space occupied by solid hazardous waste materials. At the same time, it can remove the liquid phase in solid hazardous waste materials by filter press, effectively reducing the liquid phase content in solid hazardous waste materials, thereby avoiding the occurrence of deep liquid phase contamination during subsequent compression and packaging processes. This invention uses a heating evaporation device to further heat and evaporate the solid hazardous waste material after pressure filtration. The heat used comes from the high-temperature flue gas from the incineration of hazardous waste material, which enables the reuse of thermal energy. Furthermore, by heating the solid hazardous waste material, the residual liquid phase inside the solid hazardous waste material is further separated and formed into gas, which flows through pipelines for temporary storage, preventing the liquid phase and gas from directly leaking into the external environment. This invention ultimately uses a compression baler to compress and package solid hazardous waste into blocks, thereby reducing the volume of the solid hazardous waste. By packaging the material blocks, the solid hazardous waste is prevented from directly contacting the external environment during subsequent transportation, thus avoiding secondary pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal hazardous waste baler. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along axis AA; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of section B; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a rotary filter press. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the filter press rotor assembly.

[0018] Wherein: 1-Horizontal chamber; 2-Rotary filter press device; 3-Heating and evaporation device; 4-Compression and baling machine; 21-Filter press cylinder; 22-Filter press rotor assembly; 23-Liquid collection outer cylinder; 31-Rotating inner cylinder; 32-Heating outer cylinder; 33-Feeding assembly; 41-Compression box; 42-Hydraulic extrusion assembly; 43-Bagging assembly; 221-Filter press motor; 222-Filter press shaft; 223-Variable diameter press block; 100-Variable diameter filter press arc surface; 200-Scraper; 300-Heating chamber; 400-Exhaust valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1: As shown in Figure 1, a horizontal hazardous waste baler of this embodiment includes a horizontal housing 1, with an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end. Inside the horizontal housing 1, between the inlet and outlet, are sequentially arranged a rotary filter press 2, a heating and evaporating device 3, and a compression baler 4. The rotary filter press 2 includes a filter cylinder 21 inclined relative to the horizontal plane, one end of which is connected to the inlet. A filter rotor assembly 22 is rotatably mounted inside the filter cylinder 21, and a liquid collection outer cylinder 23 is fitted around the filter cylinder 21. The heating and evaporating device 3 includes a rotating inner cylinder 31 rotatably mounted inside the horizontal housing 1, with a heating outer cylinder 32 having an inner cavity fitted around the rotating inner cylinder 31. One end of the rotating inner cylinder 31 is connected to the outlet end of the filter cylinder 21, and the other end is connected to the compression baler 4.

[0020] Pre-crushed hazardous waste enters the horizontal chamber 1 through the inlet and falls into the filter press 21. The filter press 21 has numerous filter holes densely distributed on its wall. The rotation of the filter press rotor assembly 22 compresses the solid material inside the filter press 21. Liquid in the solid material passes through the filter holes and enters the liquid collection outer cylinder 23 for temporary storage. Simultaneously, the compression of the solid material reduces its volume. The filter press 21 is tilted, allowing the solid material to slide down the tilted wall into the rotating inner cylinder 31 of the heating evaporation device 3 during filtration. The rotating inner cylinder 31 rotates to agitate the solid material inside. Meanwhile, the inner cavity of the heating outer cylinder 32 is connected to the waste heat flue gas end of the hazardous waste incineration device. After the flue gas enters the inner cavity of the heating outer cylinder 32, it heats the solid material inside the rotating inner cylinder 31, causing the residual liquid inside the solid material to evaporate, further reducing the liquid content in the solid material. Simultaneously, the rotation of the inner cylinder 31 agitates the solid material, improving the liquid evaporation efficiency.

[0021] The solid material then continues to enter the compression baler 4, where the dry solid material is compressed into blocks and pre-packaged, for example, by using woven cloth or plastic sheeting, to prevent the solid material from directly contacting the external environment, so that it can be transferred to a dedicated hazardous waste storage area later.

[0022] Example 2: This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the filter press rotor assembly 22 includes a filter press motor 221, a filter press shaft 222, and variable diameter pressure blocks 223. The filter press shaft 222 is coaxially rotatably installed inside the filter press cylinder 21. One end of the filter press shaft 222 is connected to the filter press motor 221 for transmission. Several variable diameter pressure blocks 223 are evenly distributed around the outside of the filter press shaft 222. Each variable diameter pressure block 223 includes a large diameter end and a small diameter end. A variable diameter filter press arc surface 100 is smoothly connected between the large diameter end and the small diameter end. The large diameter end slides in contact with the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21. Sufficient gaps are reserved between the small diameter end and the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21 for the hazardous waste residue to enter.

[0023] As shown in the figure, three sets of variable-diameter pressure blocks 223 are evenly distributed circumferentially outside the filter press shaft 222, with all the variable-diameter pressure blocks 223 facing the same direction. The filter press motor 221 drives the filter press shaft 222 to rotate, which in turn drives the three sets of variable-diameter pressure blocks 223 to rotate. A gap is provided between the smaller diameter end and the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21, allowing solid material to enter between the variable-diameter pressure blocks 223 and the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21. Sufficient friction exists between the solid material and the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21, allowing the variable-diameter pressure blocks 223 to work in conjunction with the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21 to compress the solid material, thus achieving filter pressing. The liquid phase in the solid material flows through the filter holes on the filter press cylinder 21 to the liquid collection outer cylinder 23. A collection chamber is formed between the outer wall of the filter press cylinder 21 and the inner wall of the liquid collection outer cylinder 23, and a drain pipe is provided on the collection chamber to discharge the collected liquid.

[0024] Furthermore, the variable-diameter filter press arc surface 100 is provided with intermittently arranged protruding ratchet bars, with gaps between the ratchet bars and the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21. A scraper 200 is provided on the side of the larger diameter end away from the smaller diameter end, and the scraper 200 is in contact with the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21. The purpose of providing the ratchet bars and the scraper 200 is to prevent solid material from being pressed against the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21. By applying force to the solid material through the ratchet bars and the scraper 200, the solid material is prevented from adhering to the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 21.

[0025] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, so it will not be described again.

[0026] Example 3: This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1 or 2, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, dynamic sealing bearings are provided inside both ends of the heating outer cylinder 32. The rotating inner cylinder 31 is rotatably installed inside the heating outer cylinder 32 through the dynamic sealing bearings. A feeding assembly 33 is provided inside the rotating inner cylinder 31. An exhaust valve 400 is provided on the side wall of the rotating inner cylinder 31. An exhaust channel corresponding to the exhaust valve 400 is provided on the heating outer cylinder 32.

[0027] A gear ring is provided on the outer side of the end of the rotating inner cylinder 31. The gear ring is driven to rotate by the gear on the output shaft of the motor, thereby driving the rotating inner cylinder 31 to rotate. The inner cavity of the heating outer cylinder 32 is connected to the waste heat end of the hazardous waste incineration device to introduce waste heat flue gas into the interior of the heating outer cylinder 32 and heat the solid material inside the rotating inner cylinder 31, so that the residual liquid in the solid material can be further evaporated and removed. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating inner cylinder 31, in conjunction with the feeding component 33, agitates the solid material, improving the evaporation efficiency of the liquid in the solid material.

[0028] Furthermore, the heating outer cylinder 32 has a plurality of heating chambers 300 evenly distributed and spaced along the circumference inside. One end of each heating chamber 300 is provided with a heat source inlet, and the other end of each heating chamber 300 is provided with a heat source outlet. The inner sidewall of the heating chamber 300 contacts and exchanges heat with the outer wall of the rotating inner cylinder 31 through a heat-conducting layer. An exhaust channel is provided in the area between adjacent heating chambers 300 inside the heating outer cylinder 32, and an exhaust pipe is provided at the outlet of the exhaust channel.

[0029] As shown in the figure, at least three sets of heating chambers 300 are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the heating outer cylinder 32. The inner wall of the heating chamber 300 contacts the outer wall of the rotating inner cylinder 31 for heat exchange through a heat-conducting layer. The heat exchange efficiency is accelerated by the heat-conducting layer with higher thermal conductivity. An exhaust channel is provided in the area between adjacent heating chambers 300 inside the heating outer cylinder 32. The exhaust channel has a waste gas pipe at its outlet. When the rotating inner cylinder 31 drives the exhaust valve 400 to rotate until it is aligned with the exhaust channel, the exhaust valve 400 opens to discharge the gas evaporated inside the rotating inner cylinder 31.

[0030] Furthermore, the feeding assembly 33 includes a rotating shaft, a feeding auger, and a feeding motor. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the rotating inner cylinder 31 via a dynamic sealing bearing. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the feeding motor for transmission, and a spiral feeding auger is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft. The feeding motor drives the feeding auger to rotate, thereby conveying the solid material inside the rotating inner cylinder 31 to the compression baler 4, preventing the solid material from accumulating inside the rotating inner cylinder 31.

[0031] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1 or 2, so it will not be described again.

[0032] Example 4: This embodiment is an improvement on any one of embodiments 1-3, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the compression baler 4 includes a compression box 41, a hydraulic extrusion assembly 42, and a baling assembly 43. One end of the compression box 41 is connected to the outlet of the rotating inner cylinder 31. A feeding belt is provided at the outlet of the compression box 41. One end of the feeding belt is connected to the baling assembly 43. The compression box 41 is equipped with a sliding hydraulic extrusion assembly 42.

[0033] The hydraulic extrusion assembly 42 includes a pressure block and a hydraulic cylinder. After the solid material enters the compression chamber 41, the hydraulic cylinder drives the pressure block to move to the right, extruding the solid material into blocks. After being extruded into blocks, the solid material is conveyed to the baling assembly 43 by a feeding belt for baling. The baling assembly 43 uses an existing baling machine.

[0034] Furthermore, a lifting baffle is provided at the right end of the compression chamber 41, and the lifting baffle is raised and lowered by a lifting cylinder. When the lifting baffle descends, it closes the compression chamber 41. At this time, the hydraulic extrusion assembly 42 extrudes the solid material to the right, so that the solid material is compressed between the extrusion end of the hydraulic extrusion assembly 42 and the lifting baffle. After compression is completed, the lifting baffle rises to open the compression chamber 41, so that the compressed solid material can move to the outside of the compression chamber 41.

[0035] Furthermore, the hydraulic extrusion assembly 42 includes a pressure block that can slide inside the compression chamber 41. A hydraulic cylinder is provided at the left end of the pressure block, and the pressure block is driven to slide inside the compression chamber 41 by the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder to compress solid materials.

[0036] The rest of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1-3, so it will not be described again.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine, comprising a horizontal housing (1), characterized in that, The horizontal box (1) has an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end. Inside the horizontal box (1), a rotary filter press (2), a heating evaporator (3), and a compression baler (4) are arranged sequentially between the inlet and outlet. The rotary filter press (2) includes a filter cylinder (21) that is inclined relative to the horizontal plane. One end of the filter cylinder (21) is connected to the inlet. A filter rotor assembly (22) is rotatably arranged inside the filter cylinder (21). A liquid collection outer cylinder (23) is sleeved on the outside of the filter cylinder (21). The heating evaporator (3) includes a rotating inner cylinder (31) that is rotatably installed inside the horizontal box (1). A heating outer cylinder (32) with an inner cavity is sleeved on the outside of the rotating inner cylinder (31). One end of the rotating inner cylinder (31) is connected to the outlet of the filter cylinder (21). The other end of the rotating inner cylinder (31) is connected to the compression baler (4).

2. A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter press rotor assembly (22) includes a filter press motor (221), a filter press shaft (222), and variable diameter pressure blocks (223). The filter press shaft (222) is coaxially rotatably installed inside the filter press cylinder (21). One end of the filter press shaft (222) is connected to the filter press motor (221) for transmission. Several variable diameter pressure blocks (223) are evenly distributed around the outside of the filter press shaft (222). The variable diameter pressure block (223) includes a large diameter end and a small diameter end. A variable diameter filter press arc surface (100) is smoothly connected between the large diameter end and the small diameter end. The large diameter end slides in contact with the inner wall of the filter press cylinder (21). A sufficient gap is reserved between the small diameter end and the inner wall of the filter press cylinder (21) for hazardous waste residue to enter.

3. A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The variable diameter filter press arc surface (100) is provided with protruding spines arranged at intervals, and there is a gap between the protruding spines and the inner wall of the filter press cylinder (21).

4. A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A scraper (200) is provided on the side of the large diameter end away from the small diameter end, and the scraper (200) is in contact with the inner wall of the filter press cylinder (21).

5. A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A collection chamber is formed between the outer wall of the filter press (21) and the inner wall of the liquid collection outer cylinder (23), and a drain pipe is provided on the collection chamber.

6. A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The heating outer cylinder (32) is provided with dynamic sealing bearings at both ends. The rotating inner cylinder (31) is rotatably installed inside the heating outer cylinder (32) through the dynamic sealing bearings. The rotating inner cylinder (31) is provided with a feeding assembly (33). The rotating inner cylinder (31) is provided with an exhaust valve (400) on its side wall. The heating outer cylinder (32) is provided with an exhaust channel corresponding to the exhaust valve (400).

7. A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heating outer cylinder (32) has several heating chambers (300) evenly distributed around its circumference. One end of each heating chamber (300) has a heat source inlet, and the other end has a heat source outlet. The inner wall of the heating chamber (300) contacts and exchanges heat with the outer wall of the rotating inner cylinder (31) through a heat-conducting layer. An exhaust channel is provided in the area between adjacent heating chambers (300) inside the heating outer cylinder (32), and an exhaust pipe is provided at the outlet of the exhaust channel.

8. A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The feeding assembly (33) includes a rotating shaft, a feeding auger, and a feeding motor. The rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the rotating inner cylinder (31) through a dynamic sealing bearing. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the feeding motor for transmission. A spiral feeding auger is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft.

9. A horizontal hazardous waste baling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compression baler (4) includes a compression box (41), a hydraulic extrusion assembly (42), and a baling assembly (43). One end of the compression box (41) is connected to the outlet of the rotating inner cylinder (31). A feeding belt is provided at the outlet of the compression box (41). One end of the feeding belt is connected to the baling assembly (43). The compression box (41) is equipped with a sliding hydraulic extrusion assembly (42).

Images